1
|
Revival of Bioengineered Proteins as Carriers for Nucleic Acids. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:561-566. [PMID: 38621363 PMCID: PMC11099893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
|
2
|
A theory-based evaluation of the Leadership for Universal Health Coverage Programme: insights for multisectoral leadership development in global health. Health Res Policy Syst 2022; 20:103. [PMID: 36175922 PMCID: PMC9522438 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leadership to manage the complex political and technical challenges of moving towards universal health coverage (UHC) is widely recognized as critical, but there are few studies which evaluate how to expand capacities in this area. This article aims to fill some of this gap by presenting the methods and findings of an evaluation of the Leadership for UHC (L4UHC) programme in 2019–2020. Methods Given the complexity of the intervention and environment, we adopted a theory-driven evaluation approach that allowed us to understand the role of the programme, amongst other factors. Data from a range of sources and tools were compared with a programme theory of change, with analysis structured using an evaluation matrix organized according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development–Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC) criteria. Data sources included key informant (KI) interviews (89 in total); surveys of the 80 workshop participants; a range of secondary data sources; case studies in two countries; and observation of activities and modules by the evaluator. Results Participants and KIs at the global and country levels reported high relevance of the programme and a lack of alternatives aiming at similar goals. In relation to effectiveness, at the individual level, there was an increase in some competencies, particularly for those with less experience at the baseline. Less change was observed in commitment to UHC as that started at a relatively high level. Understanding of UHC complexity grew, particularly for those coming from a non-health background. Connections across institutional divides for team members in-country increased, although variably across the countries, but the programme has not as yet had a major impact on national coalitions for UHC. Impacts on health policy and practice outcomes were evident in two out of seven countries. We examined factors favouring success and explanatory factors. We identified positive but no negative unintended effects. Conclusions While noting methodological constraints, the theory-based evaluation approach is found suitable for assessing and learning lessons from complex global programmes. We conclude that L4UHC is an important addition to the global and national health ecosystem, addressing a relevant need with some strong results, and also highlight challenges which can inform other programmes with similar objectives. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12961-022-00907-1.
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
AbstractThe home bias like the disposition effect is a well-researched economic phenomenon in investor behaviour which has been examined in finance journal articles for decades. While there is little doubt about the existence of the bias, its magnitude varies across countries and investor groups. The home bias has to be regarded as a multifactorial phenomenon, a combination of numerous causes which all synergistically contribute. In contrast to other biases the home bias can at least partially be explained by reasons beyond irrational investor behaviour. While institutional restrictions play a minor role, informational asymmetries and superior information of domestic investors are important factors. Thus, the performance of investments may well benefit from a home bias, and the bias then no longer would be a puzzle but rather rational behaviour as a lower diversification level may lead to higher returns. The contemporary understanding of the home bias gains in relevance as the ongoing political debate in Germany has to clarify an institutional framework for long-run retirement savings plans of private households based on equity investments.
Collapse
|
4
|
Temporal Trends in Seminal Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Clinical Trial Leadership and Collaboration in the Asia-Pacific Region. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Trends in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging Characteristics in Patients With Methamphetamine-Induced Cardiomyopathy (MA-CMP). Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Leveraging library technology resources for internal projects, outreach, and engagement: A case study of Overleaf, LaTeX, and the KiltHub Institutional Repository Service at Carnegie Mellon University Libraries. COLLEGE & UNDERGRADUATE LIBRARIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10691316.2021.1885549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
7
|
Transfer and loss of allergen-specific responses via stem cell transplantation: A prospective observational study. Allergy 2020; 75:2243-2253. [PMID: 32181893 DOI: 10.1111/all.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, no estimates can be made on the impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on allergy transfer or cure of the disease. By using component-resolved diagnosis, we prospectively investigated 50 donor-recipient pairs undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. This allowed calculating the rate of transfer or maintenance of allergen-specific responses in the context of stem cell transplantation. METHODS Allergen-specific IgE and IgG to 156 allergens was measured pretransplantation in 50 donors and recipients and at 6, 12 and 24 months in recipients post-transplantation by allergen microarray. Based on a mixed effects model, we determined risks of transfer of allergen-specific IgE or IgG responses 24 months post-transplantation. RESULTS After undergoing stem cell transplantation, 94% of allergen-specific IgE responses were lost. Two years post-transplantation, recipients' allergen-specific IgE was significantly linked to the pretransplantation donor or recipient status. The estimated risk to transfer and maintain individual IgE responses to allergens by stem cell transplantation was 1.7% and 2.3%, respectively. Allergen-specific IgG, which served as a surrogate marker of maintaining protective IgG responses, was highly associated with the donor's (31.6%) or the recipient's (28%) pretransplantation response. CONCLUSION Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation profoundly reduces allergen-specific IgE responses but also comes with a considerable risk to transfer allergen-specific immune responses. These findings facilitate clinical decision-making regarding allergic diseases in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, it provides prospective data to estimate the risk of transmitting allergen-specific responses via hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Quantitative but not Qualitative Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography High Risk Plaque Characteristics are Associated with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Non-Significant Invasive Fractional Flow Reserve. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
9
|
Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) Detected High Risk Plaques are a Predictor of Future Coronary Events – Insights from a Propensity Matched Study of Patients who have Undergone Invasive Coronary Angiography, Fractional Flow Reserve and CTCA. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
A Low Concentration of Tacrolimus/Semifluorinated Alkane (SFA) Eyedrop Suppresses Intraocular Inflammation in Experimental Models of Uveitis. Curr Mol Med 2018; 17:211-220. [PMID: 28782485 PMCID: PMC5759177 DOI: 10.2174/1566524017666170807144009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Corticosteroids remain the mainstay therapy for uveitis, a major
cause of blindness in the working age population. However, a substantial number of
patients cannot benefit from the therapy due to steroids resistance or intolerance.
Tacrolimus has been used to treat refractory uveitis through systemic administration. The
aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of 0.03% tacrolimus eyedrop
in mouse models of uveitis.
Methods: 0.03% tacrolimus in perfluorobutylpentane (F4H5) (0.03% Tacrolimus/SFA)
was formulated using a previously published protocol. Tacrolimus suspended in PBS
(0.03% Tacrolimus/PBS) was used as a control. In addition, 0.1% dexamethasone (0.1%
DXM) was used as a standard therapy control. Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and
experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) were induced in adult C57BL/6 mice using
protocols described previously. Mice were treated with eyedrops three times/day
immediately after EIU induction for 48 h or from day 14 to day 25 post-immunization (for
EAU). Clinical and histological examinations were conducted at the end of the
experiment. Pharmacokinetics study was conducted in mice with and without EIU. At
different times after eyedrop treatment, ocular tissues were collected for tacrolimus
measurement.
Results: The 0.03% Tacrolimus/SFA eyedrop treatment reduced the clinical scores and
histological scores of intraocular inflammation in both EIU and EAU to the levels similar
to 0.1% DXM eyedrop treatment. The 0.03% Tacrolimus/PBS did not show any
suppressive effect in EIU and EAU. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that 15 min after
topical administration of 0.03% Tacrolimus/SFA, low levels of tacrolimus were detected
in the retina (48 ng/g tissue) and vitreous (2.5 ng/ml) in normal mouse eyes, and the
levels were significantly higher in EIU eyes (102 ng/g tissue in the retina and 24 ng/ml in
the vitreous). Tacrolimus remained detectable in intraocular tissues of EIU eyes 6 h after
topical administration (68 ng/g retinal tissue, 10 ng/ml vitreous). Only background levels
of tacrolimus were detected in the retina (2-8 ng/g tissue) after 0.03% Tacrolimus/PBS
eyedrop administration.
Conclusion: 0.03% Tacrolimus/SFA eyedrop can penetrate ocular barrier and reach
intraocular tissue at therapeutic levels in mouse eyes, particularly under inflammatory
conditions. 0.03% Tacrolimus/SFA eyedrop may have therapeutic potentials for
inflammatory eye diseases including uveitis.
Collapse
|
11
|
ARTRITE INFECCIOSA POR FUSARIUM EM PACIENTE IMUNOCOMPETENTE: RELATO DE CASO. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2017.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
12
|
COLECISTITE AGUDA ALITIÁSICA PERFURADA POR VASCULITE NECROTIZANTE COMO MANIFESTAÇÃO DE REATIVAÇÃO DE LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO: RELATO DE CASO. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2017.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
13
|
VASCULITE DE ARTÉRIA CEREBRAL MÉDIA ASSOCIADA A AFASIA GLOBAL SÚBITA COMO MANIFESTAÇÃO PRECOCE DO LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO: RELATO DE CASO. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2017.07.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
14
|
|
15
|
Percutaneous Pericardiocentesis: A Contemporary Tertiary Hospital Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm and Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
17
|
Rare Case of Intradural Haematoma and Paralysis Following Abciximab for ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
18
|
Strahlungskonvektive Krankenzimmer-Klimatisierung zur Beeinflussung des Hospitalisierungsverlaufes hitzestress-vulnerabler Patienten mit chronischer Lungenkrankheit – Adapatation an den Klimawandel? Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
19
|
Notfallaufnahmen von COPD-Patienten bei urbanem Hitzestress – Gibt es einen vulnerablen Phänotyp? Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
20
|
Characteristics of plaque microstructures in diabetic patients receiving metformin: frequency domain optical coherence tomography analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Large apical thrombus due to Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
A mediastinal mass following coronary artery bypass surgery. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
23
|
Effect of individual high-intensity statin agents on optical coherence tomography derived measures of plaque stability. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
MR conditional pacemaker - An initial CMR experience. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
25
|
P107Role of plasma membrane-associated AKAPs 15/18 and 79 for the regulation of cardiac IK1 current by protein kinase A. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
26
|
P639Amiodarone and dronedarone inhibit inwardly rectifying Kir2.1 channels, but not Kir2.2 and Kir2.3 channels. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
27
|
971: Epigenetic gender differences in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Cardiac inwardly rectifying IK1 current is regulated by protein kinase A via AKAP15 and AKAP79. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
30
|
Inhibition of cardiac Kv1.5 and Kv4.3 potassium channels by the class Ia anti-arrhythmic ajmaline: mode of action. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2013; 386:991-9. [PMID: 23832378 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ajmaline is a class Ia anti-arrhythmic compound that is widely used for the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome and the acute treatment of atrial or ventricular tachycardia. For ajmaline, inhibitory effects on a variety of cardiac K(+) channels have been observed, including cardiac Kv1 and Kv4 channels. However, the exact pharmacological properties of channel blockade have not yet been addressed adequately. Using two different expression systems, we analysed pharmacological effects of ajmaline on the potassium channels Kv1.5 and Kv4.3 underlying cardiac I Kur and I to current, respectively. When expressed in a mammalian cell line, we find that ajmaline inhibits Kv1.5 and Kv4.3 with an IC50 of 1.70 and 2.66 μM, respectively. Pharmacological properties were further analysed using the Xenopus expression system. We find that ajmaline is an open channel inhibitor of cardiac Kv1.5 and Kv4.3 channels. Whereas ajmaline results in a mild leftward shift of Kv1.5 activation curve, no significant effect on Kv4.3 channel activation could be observed. Ajmaline did not significantly affect channel inactivation kinetics. Onset of block was fast. For Kv4.3 channels, no significant effect on recovery from inactivation or channel deactivation could be observed. Furthermore, there was no use-dependence of block. Taken together, we show that ajmaline inhibits cardiac Kv1.5 and Kv4.3 channels at therapeutic concentrations. These data add to the current understanding of the electrophysiological basis of anti-arrhythmic action of ajmaline.
Collapse
|
31
|
Automated Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator: A Competing Risks Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
Prepracticum Service-Learning: Examining the Relationship With Counselor Self-Efficacy and Anxiety. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1556-6978.2003.tb01835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
33
|
IVIVR in oral absorption for fenofibrate immediate release tablets using dissolution and dissolution permeation methods. DIE PHARMAZIE 2011; 66:11-16. [PMID: 21391429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study it has been demonstrated that a dissolution/permeation (D/P) system can discriminate between different immediate release fenofibrate formulations. The fractions permeated were correlated with fenofibrate's in vivo exposure in rats following p.o. administration. In the present study more detailed investigations are presented using data from six fenofibrate tablets tested in vivo in humans. In these pharmacokinetic studies no significant differences between formulations in AUC but in Cmax were found. Differences between the Cmax values were not explained by the dissolution characteristics of the tablets but were rationalized on the basis of micellar entrapment and diminished mobility of the active ingredient by surfactants in the formulations. This was demonstrated by a permeation system using dialysis membranes. Thus a permeation step in addition to dissolution measurement may significantly improve the establishment of an IVIV relationship.
Collapse
|
34
|
IVIVR in oral absorption for fenofibrate immediate release tablets using dissolution and dissolution permeation methods. DIE PHARMAZIE 2010; 65:723-728. [PMID: 21105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study it has been demonstrated that a dissolution/permeation (D/P) system can discriminate between different immediate release fenofibrate formulations. The fractions permeated were correlated with fenofibrate's in vivo exposure in rats following p.o. administration. In the present study more detailed investigations are presented using data from six fenofibrate tablets tested in vivo in humans. In these pharmacokinetic studies no significant differences between formulations in AUC but in Cmax were found. Differences between the Cmax values were not explained by the dissolution characteristics of the tablets but were rationalized on the basis of micellar entrapment and diminished mobility of the active ingredient by surfactants in the formulations. This was demonstrated by a permeation system using dialysis membranes. Thus a permeation step in addition to dissolution measurement may significantly improve the establishment of an IVIV relationship.
Collapse
|
35
|
Malignant melanoma--a genetic overview. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2009; 100 Suppl 1:38-51. [PMID: 20096196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma, a potentially lethal skin neoplasm, is characterized by a complex and heterogeneous etiology. Both incidences and deaths associated with melanoma are increasing in Caucasian populations. While exposure to ultraviolet radiation through sun-exposure is the major risk factor; the host factors including skin type and number of moles are critical in predisposition. The CDKN2A is a high penetrance melanoma susceptibility gene as carriers of the mutations are predisposed to the disease within familial settings. The gene is also somatically altered to varying degrees in sporadic melanoma. The CDK4 gene due to occurrence of activation mutations in a few families worldwide represents another melanoma susceptibility locus. The variants within the melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) gene, which encodes a melanocyte specific surface receptor with a key role in pigmentation, are associated with high risk phenotypes and increased risk of melanoma. Melanoma tumors are characterized by activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway through either autocrine growth factor stimulation or oncogenic mutations in the B-RAF or N-RAS genes. Somatic mutations in the B-RAF gene are complemented by those in the N-RAS gene and represent the major genetic alterations. The mutations in the B-RAF gene in melanoma due to occurrence in melanocytic nevi represent early events that additionally require loss of cell cycle inhibitors like CDKN2A for melanoma progression and development. The sequence of events points to the cooperative collaboration between different genetic pathways in tumor development that can be and are being used as targets for developing specific therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
XPG D1104 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and the prognosis of melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.11096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
11096 Background: Sunlight is a major risk factor for melanoma. Since UV radiation causes DNA damage, it is not surprisingly, that genetic variants in DNA repair enzymes contribute to the susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma. Methods: Presence of common non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in different DNA repair enzymes were established and correlated with overall survival of melanoma patients. To this end, the SNPs of 6 different DNA repair enzymes were evaluated in a cohort of 742 melanoma patients. The impact of these polymorphisms on overall survival was subsequently calculated by the cox hazard model. Results: This analysis demonstrated that after adjustment to gender and primary tumor T classification XPG 1104 His/His as well as XPD 751 Lys/Lys genotypes were significantly associated with improved survival. Cox hazard coefficients were 0.744 for XPG 1104 His/His (p = 0.0059) and 0.651 for XPD 751 Lys/Lys (p = 0.017). Importantly, bootstrapping confirmed theses results for subpopulations. Furthermore, multivariate analysis demonstrated that XPG 1104 His/His is an independent factor affecting overall survival (cox coefficient 0.95788; p = 0.0011). Conclusions: XPG codon 1104 polymorphism may be predictive of survival outcome in patients with cutaneous melanoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
|
38
|
A MD3100: Successful Mobilization in Patients Who Fail Standard Mobilization With Good Transplant Outcome and No Significant Toxicity. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
Evaluation of nanosuspensions for absorption enhancement of poorly soluble drugs: in vitro transport studies across intestinal epithelial monolayers. AAPS JOURNAL 2008; 10:435-8. [PMID: 18690542 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-008-9050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
40
|
Melanocortin receptor 1 variants and melanoma risk – a study on two European populations. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
41
|
350 Inhibition of heteromeric Kir2.x channels by proteinkinase C dependent phosphorylation. Europace 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/eupace/7.supplement_1.71-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
42
|
349 Differential regulation of Kir2.x channels by alpha-1a adrenergic receptors. Europace 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/eupace/7.supplement_1.71-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
43
|
Abstract
Paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been recognized as a potential cause of transient ischemia attack (TIA) and stroke especially in younger patients. The therapeutic options are medical treatment (antiaggregation or anticoagulation) with an annual recurrence rate of 3% to 4% for stroke or TIA, surgical PFO closure, or catheter closure. Randomized studies are ongoing; however, the results will not be available soon. Since August 1994, we have attempted catheter closure of a PFO in 281 patients (age 17 to 79 years, mean 46.8 +/- 13.2) with paradoxical embolism. Of these, 184 patients had at least one embolic stroke, 112 patients at least one TIA, and 15 patients at least one peripheral embolism. The diameter of the PFO, measured with a balloon catheter, ranged from 3 mm to 24 mm with a mean of 10 +/- 3.5 mm. Implantation of the occluder was technically successful in all patients (two attempts in four patients). Seven different devices were used: 26 Sideris buttoned, 11 ASDOS, 19 Angel Wings, 98 PFO-Star, 37 Cardioseal-Starflex, 57 Amplatzer and, 33 Helex devices. One patient suffered from septicemia and subsequently died. In 2 patients, device embolization occurred during or after the procedure (1 Sideris, 1 PFO-Star; catheter retrieval successful). Thirty-seven patients had other minor complications without long-term sequelae: atrial fibrillation within the first weeks after implantation in five patients, asymptomatic thrombus on the device at routine transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) in 7 patients (1 Angel Wings, 1 ASDOS, 1 CardioSeal, 4 PFO-Star), and device frame fracture in 25 patients (2 Sideris, 4 ASDOS, 1 Angel Wings, 1 CardioSeal, 17 PFO-Star). No complications occurred with the newer devices (Amplatzer and Helex). A residual shunt after 6 months was found in 5.5% of the patients who had completed their 6-month TEE follow-up. In two patients, a second occluder was implanted because of a residual shunt. During a follow-up period of 1 month to 71 months (mean 12 +/- 16 months, 268 patient years), a recurrence of an embolic event (seven TIA, two stroke) occurred in eight patients. None of these occurred with the newer devices (Amplatzer, Helex). Freedom from recurrence of the combined end point of TIA, ischemic stroke, and peripheral embolism was 95.7% (95% CI: 89.0%-98.4%) at 1 year and 94.1% (95% CI: 80.1-98.4%) at 3 years. Catheter PFO closure is a technically simple procedure. With the newer devices and increasing experience, the success rate has improved and the complication rate has decreased. The advantage of the procedure is that closing the defect means a causal treatment. However, catheter closure of PFO despite a very low morbidity has inherent potential risks like any other interventional procedure. Furthermore, selection of patients who definitely have PFO as the cause of their cerebral event has not been defined. For these reasons, further studies are warranted.
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Recently, we reported an almost intact human endogenous retrovirus (HERV-K(HML-2.HOM); HGMW-approved symbol ERVK6) located on human chromosome 7, with open reading frames for all retroviral genes and a mutation only within the reverse transcriptase. We further characterized the genomic organization of this endogenous retrovirus by subcloning and sequencing of the proviral insert contained within a chromosome 7-specific cosmid clone and found HERV-K(HML-2.HOM) to be organized as a tandem repeat. Examination of various human DNA samples for this specific proviral repeat suggests a relatively ubiquitous distribution of the HERV-K(HML-2.HOM) tandem structure. However, we identified two human samples having only a single provirus at this locus. In addition, we investigated the presence of HERV-K(HML-2.HOM) alleles having an intact YXDD motif within the reverse transcriptase domain by sequencing the corresponding polymerase gene from various human DNA samples. We identified a HERV-K(HML-2.HOM) polymerase with an intact YXDD motif in two samples, thus potentially coding for an active reverse transcriptase. Our results show for the first time an endogenous retrovirus tandem repeat in human populations and suggest the existence of alleles harboring an intact human endogenous retrovirus including an intact polymerase gene.
Collapse
|
45
|
[The treatment of iatrogenic spurious aneurysm of the femoral artery by direct thrombin injection]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2000; 125:822-5. [PMID: 10929536 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-7011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE After percutaneous catheter introduction a false aneurysm occasionally develops at the site of puncture. This has been treated either surgically or, more recently, by ultrasound-guided compression. A new method has been tried in which the false aneurysm is thrombosed by injecting thrombin into it. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 29 patients thrombin was injected directly into the false aneurysm of the femoral artery, caused by catheter introduction into the vessel. Puncture of the aneurysm and injection of the thrombin solution was performed with continuous duplex-sonographic monitoring. The patients' age ranged from 42 to 88 years (mean 71 +/- 12 years). The false aneurysm had occurred after diagnostic catheterization (n = 5), balloon dilatation of peripheral vessels (n = 5) or balloon catheter dilatation of the coronary arteries (n = 19) with catheters size 5 F (n = 4), 6 F (n = 6), 8 F (n = 16) or 9-13 F (n = 3). The catheterization had been done 1-30 days previously (mean 5.3 +/- 6.9 days). The diameter of the aneurysm ranged from 2.1 to 5 cm (mean 3.5 +/- 0.9 cm). RESULTS The aneurysms thrombosed within seconds after injection of 0.075 to 1.5 ml (mean 0.4 +/- 0.4 ml). All interventions were successful and without complications. Any resulting haematoma regressed within a few days to a few weeks and none recurred. In two patients a persisting haematoma had later to be removed surgically, and in another patient a second aneurysm was removed surgically without prior thrombin injection. CONCLUSION A false aneurysm of the femoral artery caused by percutaneous catheterization can be successfully thrombosed by direct thrombin injection.
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Abstract
This study tests whether stent implantation without anticoagulation after catheter recanalization of coronary occlusions can improve outcome compared with balloon angioplasty alone. One hundred ten patients were randomly assigned to angioplasty alone (no stent group) or stent implantation (stent group) after successful recanalization and balloon angioplasty. The type of stent and angioplasty technique utilized were decided by the operator. The acute procedural success in both groups was 100%. The acute minimal lumen diameter (MLD) was 1.85 +/- 0.44 mm in the no stent group versus 2.54 +/- 0.53 mm in the stent group (p <0.01). The diameter stenosis was 21 +/- 13% versus 3 +/- 14% (p <0.01). This was achieved not only by the stent implantation itself but primarily by a larger maximum balloon diameter in the stent group after stent implantation (3.32 +/- 0.55 mm vs 2.86 +/- 0.4 mm, p <0.05). After 4 months, the MLD was 1.15 +/- 0.73 mm in the no stent group versus 1.81 +/- 0.9 mm in the stent group (p <0.01). The diameter stenosis was 56 +/- 29% versus 34 +/- 28% (p <0.01). After 2 years, event-free survival was 26% in the no stent group and 52% in the stent group (p <0.05). Thus, acute and long-term procedural and angiographic success of stent implantation without anticoagulation after recanalization of total coronary occlusions is superior to that of balloon angioplasty alone. This beneficial effect is mainly the result of the larger balloon diameters, which may be used after stent implantation.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The maintenance of lymphocyte homeostasis by apoptosis is a critical regulatory mechanism in the normal immune system. The transcription factor NF-kappaB has been shown to play a role in protecting cells against death mediated by TNF We show here that NF-kappaB also has a role in regulating Fas/APO-1/CD95-mediated death, a major pathway of peripheral T cell death. Transfection of Jurkat cells with the NF-kappaB subunits p50 and p65 confers resistance against Fas-mediated apoptosis. Reciprocally, inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by a soluble peptide inhibitor or a dominant form of the NF-kappaB inhibitor, IkappaB, makes the cells more susceptible to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by a soluble peptide inhibitor rendered a T cell hybridoma more susceptible to TCR-mediated apoptosis. Correspondingly, transfection of p50 and p65 provided considerable protection from TCR-mediated apoptosis. These observations were corroborated by studies on Fas-mediated death in primary T cells. Concanavalin A-activated cycling T cell blasts from mice that are transgenic for the dominant IkappaB molecule have increased sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis, associated with a down-regulation of NF-kappaB complexes in the nucleus. In addition, blocking TNF, itself a positive regulator of NF-kappaB, with neutralizing antibodies renders the cells more susceptible to anti-Fas-mediated apoptosis. In summary, our results provide compelling evidence that NF-kappaB protects against Fas-mediated death and is likely to be an important regulator of T cell homeostasis and tolerance.
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Abstract
The maintenance of lymphocyte homeostasis by apoptosis is a critical regulatory mechanism in the normal immune system. The transcription factor NF-kappaB has been shown to play a role in protecting cells against death mediated by TNF We show here that NF-kappaB also has a role in regulating Fas/APO-1/CD95-mediated death, a major pathway of peripheral T cell death. Transfection of Jurkat cells with the NF-kappaB subunits p50 and p65 confers resistance against Fas-mediated apoptosis. Reciprocally, inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by a soluble peptide inhibitor or a dominant form of the NF-kappaB inhibitor, IkappaB, makes the cells more susceptible to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by a soluble peptide inhibitor rendered a T cell hybridoma more susceptible to TCR-mediated apoptosis. Correspondingly, transfection of p50 and p65 provided considerable protection from TCR-mediated apoptosis. These observations were corroborated by studies on Fas-mediated death in primary T cells. Concanavalin A-activated cycling T cell blasts from mice that are transgenic for the dominant IkappaB molecule have increased sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis, associated with a down-regulation of NF-kappaB complexes in the nucleus. In addition, blocking TNF, itself a positive regulator of NF-kappaB, with neutralizing antibodies renders the cells more susceptible to anti-Fas-mediated apoptosis. In summary, our results provide compelling evidence that NF-kappaB protects against Fas-mediated death and is likely to be an important regulator of T cell homeostasis and tolerance.
Collapse
|