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Korponai K, Szuróczki S, Márton Z, Szabó A, Morais PV, Proença DN, Tóth E, Boros E, Márialigeti K, Felföldi T. Habitat distribution of the genus Belliella in continental waters and the description of Belliella alkalica sp. nov., Belliella calami sp. nov. and Belliella filtrata sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37326610 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Belliella belongs to the family Cyclobacteriaceae (order Cytophagales, phylum Bacteroidota) and harbours aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria. Members of this genus were isolated from various aquatic habitats, and our analysis based on global amplicon sequencing data revealed that their relative abundance can reach up to 5-10 % of the bacterioplankton in soda lakes and pans. Although a remarkable fraction of the most frequent genotypes that we identified from continental aquatic habitats is still uncultured, five new alkaliphilic Belliella strains were characterized in detail in this study, which were isolated from three different soda lakes and pans of the Carpathian Basin (Hungary). Cells of all strains were Gram-stain-negative, obligate aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and non-spore-forming. The isolates were oxidase- and catalase-positive, red-coloured, but did not contain flexirubin-type pigments; they formed bright red colonies that were circular, smooth and convex. Their major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 containing C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c. The polar lipid profiles contained phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified glycolipid, and several unidentified lipids and aminolipids. Based on whole-genome sequences, the DNA G+C content was 37.0, 37.1 and 37.8 mol % for strains R4-6T, DMA-N-10aT and U6F3T, respectively. The distinction of three new species was confirmed by in silico genomic comparison. Orthologous average nucleotide identity (<85.4 %) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values (<38.9 %) supported phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and 16S rRNA gene sequence data and, therefore, the following three novel species are proposed: Belliella alkalica sp. nov. (represented by strains R4-6T=DSM 111903T=JCM 34281T=UCCCB122T and S4-10), Belliella calami sp. nov. (DMA-N-10aT=DSM 107340T=JCM 34280T=UCCCB121T) and Belliella filtrata sp. nov. (U6F3T=DSM 111904T=JCM 34282T=UCCCB123T and U6F1). Emended descriptions of species Belliella aquatica, Belliella baltica, Belliella buryatensis, Belliella kenyensis and Belliella pelovolcani are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristóf Korponai
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Brunszvik utca 2, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Sára Szuróczki
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Márton
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms Vag 9, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paula V Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emil Boros
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
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Hartmann A, Proença DN. Biological Control of Phytopathogens: Mechanisms and Applications. Pathogens 2023; 12:783. [PMID: 37375473 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the inherent ecological mechanisms within community structures, organismic interactions are mediated by chemical structures and signaling molecules as well as enzymatic activities targeting the vital activities of microbial competitors [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Hartmann
- Department of Biology, Microbe-Host Interactions, Ludwig-Maximilian-University München (LMU), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Munich, Germany
| | - Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Life Sciences, ARISE, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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3
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Vicente D, Proença DN, Morais PV. The Role of Bacterial Polyhydroalkanoate (PHA) in a Sustainable Future: A Review on the Biological Diversity. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2959. [PMID: 36833658 PMCID: PMC9957297 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental challenges related to the mismanagement of plastic waste became even more evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. The need for new solutions regarding the use of plastics came to the forefront again. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have demonstrated their ability to replace conventional plastics, especially in packaging. Its biodegradability and biocompatibility makes this material a sustainable solution. The cost of PHA production and some weak physical properties compared to synthetic polymers remain as the main barriers to its implementation in the industry. The scientific community has been trying to solve these disadvantages associated with PHA. This review seeks to frame the role of PHA and bioplastics as substitutes for conventional plastics for a more sustainable future. It is focused on the bacterial production of PHA, highlighting the current limitations of the production process and, consequently, its implementation in the industry, as well as reviewing the alternatives to turn the production of bioplastics into a sustainable and circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Proença DN, Fasola E, Lopes I, Morais PV. Characterization of the Skin Cultivable Microbiota Composition of the Frog Pelophylax perezi Inhabiting Different Environments. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18052585. [PMID: 33807539 PMCID: PMC7967507 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms that live in association with amphibian skin can play important roles in protecting their host. Within the scenarios of global change, it is important to understand how environmental disturbances, namely, metal pollution, can affect this microbiota. The aim of this study is to recognize core bacteria in the skin cultivable microbiota of the Perez frog (Pelophylax perezi) that are preserved regardless of the environmental conditions in which the frogs live. The characterization of these isolates revealed characteristics that can support their contributions to the ability of frogs to use metal impacted environments. Frog’s skin swabs were collected from P. perezi populations that inhabit a metal-polluted site and three reference (non-metal polluted) sites. Bacterial strains were isolated, identified, and subjected to an acid mine drainage tolerance (AMD) test, collected upstream from a site heavily contaminated with metals, and tested to produce extracellular polymeric substances (exopolysaccharide, EPS). All frog populations had Acinetobacter in their cutaneous cultivable microbiota. Significant growth inhibition was observed in all bacterial isolates exposed to 75% of AMD. EPS production was considered a characteristic of several isolates. The data obtained is a preliminary step but crucial to sustain that the cultivable microbiota is a mechanism for protecting frogs against environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Life Sciences and Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Emanuele Fasola
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-005 Aveiro, Portugal; (E.F.); (I.L.)
| | - Isabel Lopes
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-005 Aveiro, Portugal; (E.F.); (I.L.)
| | - Paula V. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences and Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-1239240700
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Proença DN, Heine T, Senges CHR, Bandow JE, Morais PV, Tischler D. Bacterial Metabolites Produced Under Iron Limitation Kill Pinewood Nematode and Attract Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2166. [PMID: 31608025 PMCID: PMC6761702 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pine Wilt Disease (PWD) is caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pinewood nematode, and affects several species of pine trees worldwide. The ecosystem of the Pinus pinaster trees was investigated as a source of bacteria producing metabolites affecting this ecosystem: P. pinaster trees as target-plant, nematode as disease effector and its insect-vector as shuttle. For example, metals and metal-carrying compounds contribute to the complex tree-ecosystems. This work aimed to detect novel secondary metabolites like metallophores and related molecules produced under iron limitation by PWD-associated bacteria and to test their activity on nematodes. After screening 357 bacterial strains from Portugal and United States, two promising metallophore-producing strains Erwinia sp. A41C3 and Rouxiella sp. Arv20#4.1 were chosen and investigated in more detail. The genomes of these strains were sequenced, analyzed, and used to detect genetic potential for secondary metabolite production. A combinatorial approach of liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) linked to molecular networking was used to describe these compounds. Two major metabolites were detected by HPLC analyses and described. One HPLC fraction of strain Arv20#4.1 showed to be a hydroxamate-type siderophore with higher affinity for chelation of Cu. The HPLC fraction of strain A41C3 with highest metal affinity showed to be a catecholate-type siderophore with higher affinity for chelation of Fe. LC-MS allowed the identification of several desferrioxamines from strain Arv20#4.1, in special desferrioxamine E, but no hit was obtained in case of strain A41C3 which might indicate that it is something new. Bacteria and their culture supernatants showed ability to attract C. elegans. HPLC fractions of those supernatant-extracts of Erwinia strain A41C3, enriched with secondary metabolites such as siderophores, were able to kill pinewood nematode. These results suggest that metabolites secreted under iron limitation have potential to biocontrol B. xylophilus and for management of Pine Wilt Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Life Sciences and Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thomas Heine
- Environmental Microbiology, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Christoph H. R. Senges
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia E. Bandow
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Paula V. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences and Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology of CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dirk Tischler
- Environmental Microbiology, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
- Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Fidalgo C, Proença DN, Morais PV, Henriques I, Alves A. The endosphere of the salt marsh plant Halimione portulacoides is a diversity hotspot for the genus Salinicola: description of five novel species Salinicola halimionae sp. nov., Salinicola aestuarinus sp. nov., Salinicola endophyticus sp. nov., Salinicola halophyticus sp. nov. and Salinicola lusitanus sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 69:46-62. [PMID: 30418109 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven endophytic strains were isolated from the halophyte Halimione portulacoides, collected from Ria de Aveiro, Portugal. To determine their exact taxonomic position, comparative analyses were performed with these strains and closely related type strains of Salinicola species. Genome sequencing and comparison indicated that five of the seven isolated strains comprised distinct and novel species (average nucleotide identity <0.95; in silico DNA-DNA hybridization <70 %; G+C difference >1 %). Multilocus sequence analysis was performed using gyrB, rpoD and 16S rRNA gene sequences from the novel and type strains to determine their phylogenetic positions. The novel strains are facultative anaerobes, mesophilic, facultative alkaliphic and halophilic, test positive for catalase and oxidase activities, for hydrolysis of Tween 20 and phosphate, for production of indole-3-acetic acid, but do not produce H2S. Ubiquinone UQ-9 is present in major amounts in all strains. The major fatty acids include C16 : 0 and the summed feature containing C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c. The DNA G+C content ranges from 60.6 to 65.8 mol%. Five strains were confirmed as new species belonging to the genus Salinicola, for which the names Salinicolahalimionae sp. nov. (type strain CPA60T=CECT 9338T=LMG 30107T), Salinicolaaestuarinus sp. nov. (type strain CPA62T=CECT 9339T=LMG 30108T), Salinicolaendophyticus sp. nov. (type strain CPA92T=CECT 9340T=LMG 30109T), Salinicolahalophyticus sp. nov. (type strain CR45T=CECT 9341T=LMG 30105T) and Salinicola lusitanus sp. nov. (type strain CR50T=CECT 9342T=LMG 30106T) are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Fidalgo
- 1Department of Biology & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Paula V Morais
- 2CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
- 3Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Henriques
- 1Department of Biology & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- 1Department of Biology & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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7
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Fidalgo C, Rocha J, Martins R, Proença DN, Morais PV, Henriques I, Alves A. Altererythrobacter halimionae sp. nov. and Altererythrobacter endophyticus sp. nov., two endophytes from the salt marsh plant Halimione portulacoides. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:3057-3062. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Fidalgo
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jaqueline Rocha
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Martins
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Paula V. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CEMUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Henriques
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Fidalgo C, Martins R, Proença DN, Morais PV, Alves A, Henriques I. Zunongwangia endophytica sp. nov., an endophyte isolated from the salt marsh plant, Halimione portulacoides, and emended description of the genus Zunongwangia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:3004-3009. [PMID: 28853694 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Fidalgo
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Martins
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Paula V. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CEMUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Henriques
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Proença DN, Francisco R, Kublik S, Schöler A, Vestergaard G, Schloter M, Morais PV. The Microbiome of Endophytic, Wood Colonizing Bacteria from Pine Trees as Affected by Pine Wilt Disease. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28646202 PMCID: PMC5482821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a devastating forest disease present worldwide. In this study we analyzed the effects of the invasion of the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the major pathogen causing PWD, on the endophytic microbiome of adult P. pinaster trees. Wood samples from trees with different degrees of PWD disease were collected at two sites (A and M) in Portugal. Endophytic bacteria were characterized based on directly extracted DNA by fingerprinting and barcoding using the 16S rRNA gene as marker. Furthermore, cultivation-based approaches were used to obtain isolates of the major taxa to study their ecophysiology. The endophytic microbiome from P. pinaster trees differed significantly between the two sampling sites. Main bacterial OTUs belonged to the Proteobacteria (39% (site M) - 97% (site A)), and Firmicutes (0.70% (site A) - 44% (site M)). However, consequences of the invasion with the pathogen were comparable. Interestingly diversity of wood endophytic bacteria increased with the severity of the diseases, with highest diversity levels observed in in the most affected trees. Our results suggest that in the first stages of the disease, the defence mechanisms of plants are repressed by the pathogen, resulting in a colonization of the wood interior by soil microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susanne Kublik
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Schöler
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gisle Vestergaard
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Paula V Morais
- CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Fidalgo C, Rocha J, Proença DN, Morais PV, Alves A, Henriques I. Saccharospirillum correiae sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from the halophyte Halimione portulacoides. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2026-2030. [PMID: 28675353 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Fidalgo
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jaqueline Rocha
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Paula Vasconcelos Morais
- CEMUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Henriques
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Costa S, Lopes I, Proença DN, Ribeiro R, Morais PV. Diversity of cutaneous microbiome of Pelophylax perezi populations inhabiting different environments. Sci Total Environ 2016; 572:995-1004. [PMID: 27522290 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Potential synergetic interaction between chemicals, climate change and the emergence of opportunistic diseases is of utmost concern within the amphibian decline scenario. Understand the structure and dynamic of this microbiome and how environmental stressors act on this community is a priority. The present study aimed to: i) characterize the skin microbiome of Pelophylax perezi frog by looking for variations between populations in reference and under stress conditions (one metal contaminated and another with salinity fluctuations) and ii) evaluate the tolerance of skin-isolated bacteria to chemical contamination. Skin swabs were collected from frog populations inhabiting three reference sites (LB, VA and AM), one metal-rich contaminated (TP) and one brackish lentic aquatic system (SL). The frogs' skin microbiome was characterized by culture independent method (DGGE) and by cultivation methods. DGGE showed a characteristic profile in frogs from TP population. Results of recovered communities revealed low morphotype diversity and density (Colony Forming Units per frog) on individuals from TP population, comparatively to the other sampled populations. Isolated bacteria identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence belong mainly to the classes Actinobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria. Ecotoxicological assays with acid-metal contaminated effluent (ETP) showed that the percentage of tolerant strains was higher in frogs from TP population than in SL and LB populations. In conclusion, results suggest that: a) environmental specific characteristics, as the presence of chemical contaminants, influence the composition of amphibian microbiome, comparing with sites without such contaminants; b) there are differences in microbiome composition between populations; and c) bacteria historically exposed to effluent may evolve tolerance to this kind of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Costa
- Department of Biology and CESAM, Campus of Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, Campus of Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Biology and CESAM, Campus of Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences and CEMUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Ribeiro
- Department of Life Sciences and CEMUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V Morais
- Department of Life Sciences and CEMUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
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12
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Paiva G, Abreu P, Proença DN, Santos S, Nobre MF, Morais PV. Mucilaginibacter pineti sp. nov., isolated from Pinus pinaster wood from a mixed grove of pines trees. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:2223-2228. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.057737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial strain M47C3BT was isolated from the endophytic microbial community of a Pinus pinaster tree branch from a mixed grove of pines. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this organism represented one distinct branch within the family
Sphingobacteriaceae
, most closely related to the genus
Mucilaginibacter
. Strain M47C3BT formed a distinct lineage, closely related to
Mucilaginibacter dorajii
KACC 14556T, with which it shared 97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The other members of the genus
Mucilaginibacter
included in the same clade were
Mucilaginibacter lappiensis
ATCC BAA-1855T sharing 97.0 % similarity and
Mucilaginibacter composti
TR6-03T that had a lower similarity (95.7 %). The novel strain was Gram-staining-negative, formed rod-shaped cells, grew optimally at 26 °C and at pH 7, and was able to grow with up to 0.3 % (w/v) NaCl. The respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the major fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, representing 73.5 % of the total fatty acids. The major components of the polar lipid profile of strain M47C3BT consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminophospholipids, one unidentified aminolipid and three unidentified polar lipids. The G+C content of the DNA was 40.6 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics we propose the name Mucilaginibacter pineti sp. nov. for the novel species represented by strain M47C3BT ( = CIP 110632T = LMG 28160T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Paiva
- IMAR-CMA, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Abreu
- IMAR-CMA, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Susana Santos
- IMAR-CMA, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Fernanda Nobre
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- IMAR-CMA, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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Proença DN, Nobre MF, Morais PV. Chitinophaga costaii sp. nov., an endophyte of Pinus pinaster, and emended description of Chitinophaga niabensis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:1237-1243. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.053454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial strain A37T2T was isolated from the endophytic microbial community of a Pinus pinaster tree trunk and characterized. Strain A37T2T was Gram-stain-negative, formed rod-shaped cells, and grew optimally at 26–30 °C and at pH 5.5–7.5. The G+C content of the DNA was 46.6 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω5c and iso-C15 : 0, representing 61.7 % of the total fatty acids. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified aminophospholipids, one unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified lipids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain A37T2T belonged to the family
Chitinophagaceae
, forming a distinct branch with
Chitinophaga niabensis
JS13-10T within the genus
Chitinophaga
. Strain A37T2T shared between 92.7 and 95.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of species of the genus
Chitinophaga
. The phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data presented indicate that strain A37T2T represents a novel species of the genus
Chitinophaga
, for which the name Chitinophaga costaii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A37T2T ( = CIP 110584T = LMG 27458T). An emended description of
Chitinophaga niabensis
JS13-10T is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Fernanda Nobre
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- IMAR-CMA, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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14
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Pereira SG, Rosa AC, Ferreira AS, Moreira LM, Proença DN, Morais PV, Cardoso O. Virulence factors and infection ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a hydropathic facility and respiratory infections. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 116:1359-68. [PMID: 24484457 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the virulence pool and acute infection ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a hydropathic facility, used to treat respiratory conditions by inhalation of untreated natural mineral water, with clinical isolates from respiratory infections. METHODS AND RESULTS Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a hydropathic facility and from respiratory infections were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Nonclonal representatives of each population were selected. 18 virulence-encoding genes were screened by polymerase chain reaction and statistically compared by multiple correspondence analysis. Homogeneous distribution of genes between populations but higher genetic association in aquatic isolates was observed, as well as distinct virulence pool according to location in the water system. Acute infection ability of selected isolates from each population, in Galleria mellonella model, showed lower LD50 of the majority of the hydropathic isolates and significant variations in LD50 of biofilm isolates from different equipments. CONCLUSIONS Hydrotherapy Ps. aeruginosa isolates present similar virulence to isolates from respiratory infections. Hydrotherapy users may be exposed to different microbiological risks when using different treatment equipments. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Twenty-one million people use hydropathic facilities in Europe, and the majority present risk factors to pneumonia. This study demonstrates the health risk associated with this practice. Revision of European regulations should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Pereira
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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15
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Paiva G, Proença DN, Francisco R, Verissimo P, Santos SS, Fonseca L, Abrantes IMO, Morais PV. Nematicidal bacteria associated to pinewood nematode produce extracellular proteases. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79705. [PMID: 24244546 PMCID: PMC3820709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria associated with the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a pathogen of trees and the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD) may play a role in the disease. In order to evaluate their role (positive or negative to the tree), strains isolated from the track of nematodes from infected Pinus pinaster trees were screened, in vitro, for their nematicidal potential. The bacterial products, from strains more active in killing nematodes, were screened in order to identify and characterize the nematicidal agent. Forty-seven strains were tested and, of these, 21 strains showed capacity to produce extracellular products with nematicidal activity. All Burkholderia strains were non-toxic. In contrast, all Serratia strains except one exhibited high toxicity. Nematodes incubated with Serratia strains showed, by SEM observation, deposits of bacteria on the nematode cuticle. The most nematicidal strain, Serratia sp. A88copa13, produced proteases in the supernatant. The use of selective inhibitors revealed that a serine protease with 70 kDa was majorly responsible for the toxicity of the supernatant. This extracellular serine protease is different phylogenetically, in size and biochemically from previously described proteases. Nematicidal assays revealed differences in nematicidal activity of the proteases to different species of Bursaphelenchus, suggesting its usefulness in a primary screen of the nematodes. This study offers the basis for further investigation of PWD and brings new insights on the role bacteria play in the defense of pine trees against B. xylophilus. Understanding all the factors involved is important in order to develop strategies to control B. xylophilus dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Paiva
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Neves Proença
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Romeu Francisco
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Verissimo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana S. Santos
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Fonseca
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. O. Abrantes
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V. Morais
- IMAR – Marine and Environmental Research Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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16
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Proença DN, Francisco R, Santos CV, Lopes A, Fonseca L, Abrantes IMO, Morais PV. Diversity of bacteria associated with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other nematodes isolated from Pinus pinaster trees with pine wilt disease. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15191. [PMID: 21151611 PMCID: PMC3000323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has been thought to be the only causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), however, since bacteria have been suggested to play a role in PWD, it is important to know the diversity of the microbial community associated to it. This study aimed to assess the microbial community associated with B. xylophilus and with other nematodes isolated from pine trees, Pinus pinaster, with PWD from three different affected forest areas in Portugal. One hundred and twenty three bacteria strains were isolated from PWN and other nematodes collected from 14 P. pinaster. The bacteria strains were identified by comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene partial sequence. All except one gram-positive strain (Actinobacteria) belonged to the gram-negative Beta and Gammaproteobacteria. Most isolates belonged to the genus Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Species isolated in higher percentage were Pseudomonas lutea, Yersinia intermedia and Burkholderia tuberum. The major bacterial population associated to the nematodes differed according to the forest area and none of the isolated bacterial species was found in all different forest areas. For each of the sampled areas, 60 to 100% of the isolates produced siderophores and at least 40% produced lipases. The ability to produce siderophores and lipases by most isolates enables these bacteria to have a role in plant physiological response. This research showed a high diversity of the microbial community associated with B. xylophilus and other nematodes isolated from P. pinaster with PWD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - André Lopes
- Institute of Marine Research (IMAR-CMA), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Fonseca
- Institute of Marine Research (IMAR-CMA), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. O. Abrantes
- Institute of Marine Research (IMAR-CMA), Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V. Morais
- Institute of Marine Research (IMAR-CMA), Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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