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Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Graber M, Pölzl L, Hirsch J, Nägele F, Lobenwein D, Sladky V, Kirchmair E, Demetz E, Wegmayr A, Lener D, Villunger A, Grimm M, Holfeld J. Thoracic Radiation Induces Toll-Like Receptor–Mediated Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1678990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Graber
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L. Pölzl
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Hirsch
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F. Nägele
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D. Lobenwein
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - V. Sladky
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E. Kirchmair
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E. Demetz
- Medical University Innsbruck, Internal Medicine IV, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A. Wegmayr
- Medical University Innsbruck, Radiotherapy, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D. Lener
- Medical University Innsbruck, Internal Medicine III, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A. Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M. Grimm
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Holfeld
- Medical University Innsbruck, Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
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Tepekoylu C, Graber M, Poelzl L, Hirsch J, Lobenwein D, Naegele F, Sladky V, Kirchmair E, Demetz E, Wegmayr A, Lener D, Villunger A, Grimm M, Holfeld J. P5127Toll-Like receptor 3 mediates radiation induced calcific aortic valve disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Tepekoylu
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Graber
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L Poelzl
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Hirsch
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Lobenwein
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Naegele
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - V Sladky
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Developmental Immunology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E Kirchmair
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E Demetz
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Internal Medicine III, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Wegmayr
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department for Radiation Medicine and Radiooncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Lener
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Internal Medicine III, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Villunger
- Innsbruck Medical University, Division of Developmental Immunology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Grimm
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Holfeld
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
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Tepeköylü C, Graber M, Pölzl L, Hirsch J, Kirchmair E, Degenhart G, Demetz E, Lobenwein D, Lener D, Fuchs C, Feuchtner G, Grimm M, Holfeld J. Toll-like Receptor 3 Mediates the Onset of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Tepeköylü
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M. Graber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L. Pölzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Hirsch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E. Kirchmair
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G. Degenhart
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Core Facility for MicroCT, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E. Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D. Lobenwein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D. Lener
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C. Fuchs
- AUVA Research Centre Vienna, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G. Feuchtner
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M. Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Holfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Holfeld J, Pölzl L, Graber M, Hirsch J, Lobenwein D, Zipperle J, Blumer M, Kirchmair E, Kirchmair R, Paulus P, Davidson S, Grimm M, Tepeköylü C. miR-19a-3p Containing Exosomes Improve Cardiac Function in Ischemic Myocardium. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Holfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L. Pölzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M. Graber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Hirsch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D. Lobenwein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Zipperle
- AUVA Research Centre Vienna, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M. Blumer
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E. Kirchmair
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R. Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P. Paulus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical University of Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - S. Davidson
- Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M. Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C. Tepeköylü
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Tepekoylu C, Graber M, Poelzl L, Hirsch J, Kirchmair E, Degenhart G, Demetz E, Lobenwein D, Lener D, Fuchs C, Feuchtner G, Grimm M, Holfeld J. 39Toll-like receptor 3 mediates the onset of calcific aortic valve disease. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tepekoylu C, Poelzl L, Graber M, Hirsch J, Lobenwein D, Zipperle J, Blumer M, Kirchmair E, Kirchmair R, Paulus P, Davidson S, Grimm M, Holfeld J. 5921miR-19a-3p containing exosomes improve cardiac function in ischemic myocardium. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.5921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hörtnagl H, Tasan RO, Wieselthaler A, Kirchmair E, Sieghart W, Sperk G. Patterns of mRNA and protein expression for 12 GABAA receptor subunits in the mouse brain. Neuroscience 2013; 236:345-72. [PMID: 23337532 PMCID: PMC3605588 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The GABAA receptor is the main inhibitory receptor in the brain and its subunits originate from different genes or gene families (α1–α6, β1–β3, γ1–γ3, δ, ε, θ, π, or ρ1–3). In the mouse brain the anatomical distribution of GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs so far investigated is restricted to subunits forming benzodiazepine-sensitive receptor complexes (α1–α3, α5, β2, β3 and γ2) in the forebrain and midbrain as assessed by in situ hybridization (ISH). In the present study the anatomical distribution of the GABAA receptor subunits α1–α6, β1–β3, γ1–γ2 and δ was analyzed in the mouse brain (excluding brain stem) by ISH and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In several brain areas such as hippocampus, cerebellum, bulbus olfactorius and habenula we observed that mRNA levels did not reflect protein levels, indicating that the protein is located far distantly from the cell body. We also compared the distribution of these 12 subunit mRNAs and proteins with that reported in the rat brain. Although in general there is a considerable correspondence in the distribution between mouse and rat brains, several species-specific differences were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hörtnagl
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 1a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Pavlov I, Huusko N, Drexel M, Kirchmair E, Sperk G, Pitkänen A, Walker M. Progressive loss of phasic, but not tonic, GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition in dentate granule cells in a model of post-traumatic epilepsy in rats. Neuroscience 2011; 194:208-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Drexel M, Preidt AP, Kirchmair E, Sperk G. Parvalbumin interneurons and calretinin fibers arising from the thalamic nucleus reuniens degenerate in the subiculum after kainic acid-induced seizures. Neuroscience 2011; 189:316-29. [PMID: 21616128 PMCID: PMC3152681 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The subiculum is the major output area of the hippocampus. It is closely interconnected with the entorhinal cortex and other parahippocampal areas. In animal models of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and in TLE patients it exerts increased network excitability and may crucially contribute to the propagation of limbic seizures. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ-hybridization we now investigated neuropathological changes affecting parvalbumin and calretinin containing neurons in the subiculum and other parahippocampal areas after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. We observed prominent losses in parvalbumin containing interneurons in the subiculum and entorhinal cortex, and in the principal cell layers of the pre- and parasubiculum. Degeneration of parvalbumin-positive neurons was associated with significant precipitation of parvalbumin-immunoreactive debris 24 h after kainic acid injection. In the subiculum the superficial portion of the pyramidal cell layer was more severely affected than its deep part. In the entorhinal cortex, the deep layers were more severely affected than the superficial ones. The decrease in number of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the subiculum and entorhinal cortex correlated with the number of spontaneous seizures subsequently experienced by the rats. The loss of parvalbumin neurons thus may contribute to the development of spontaneous seizures. On the other hand, surviving parvalbumin neurons revealed markedly increased expression of parvalbumin mRNA notably in the pyramidal cell layer of the subiculum and in all layers of the entorhinal cortex. This indicates increased activity of these neurons aiming to compensate for the partial loss of this functionally important neuron population. Furthermore, calretinin-positive fibers terminating in the molecular layer of the subiculum, in sector CA1 of the hippocampus proper and in the entorhinal cortex degenerated together with their presumed perikarya in the thalamic nucleus reuniens. In addition, a significant loss of calretinin containing interneurons was observed in the subiculum. Notably, the loss in parvalbumin positive neurons in the subiculum equaled that in human TLE. It may result in marked impairment of feed-forward inhibition of the temporo-ammonic pathway and may significantly contribute to epileptogenesis. Similarly, the loss of calretinin-positive fiber tracts originating from the nucleus reuniens thalami significantly contributes to the rearrangement of neuronal circuitries in the subiculum and entorhinal cortex during epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Drexel
- Department of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Peter-Mayr-Str. 1a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Abstract
Neuropeptide Y-Y2 receptor mRNA and binding were investigated after local injection of excitatory amino acid receptor agonists into the rat hippocampus. The general metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist (1S,3R)ACPD (200 and 400 nmol) and the group I mGluR agonist DHPG (50 nmol) enhanced Y2 receptor mRNA levels in granule cells (by up to 470%) and [125I]PYY(3-36) binding in mossy fibers. The group I mGluR antagonist 4-CPG (200 nmol) inhibited the action of (1S,3R)ACPD. On the other hand, AMPA and NMDA enhanced Y2 receptor expression only at neurodegenerative doses (> 0.3 and 3 nmol, respectively). It is suggested that seizure-induced Y2 receptor expression in granule cells may be mediated by group I mGluRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schwarzer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Tsunashima K, Schwarzer C, Kirchmair E, Sieghart W, Sperk G. GABA(A) receptor subunits in the rat hippocampus III: altered messenger RNA expression in kainic acid-induced epilepsy. Neuroscience 1997; 80:1019-32. [PMID: 9284057 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Kainic acid-induced seizures in rats represent an established animal model for human temporal lobe epilepsy. The neuropathological sequelae include acute status epilepticus followed by neurodegeneration in the CA1 and CA3 sector of the Ammon's horn and of interneurons in the hilus of the dentate gyrus. After about three weeks spontaneous recurrent seizures become manifest. We investigated changes in messenger RNA expression of 13 GABA(A) receptor subunits in the hippocampus of rats in the initial phase (6 h, 12 h and 24 h) after acute kainic acid-induced status epilepticus and seizure-related neuronal cell damage during and after acquisition of spontaneous recurrent seizures (seven and 30 days after kainic acid injection). In the granule cell layer, initial (after 6 to 12 h) decreases in (alpha2, alpha3, alpha5, beta1, beta3, gamma2 and delta messenger RNAs (by about 25 to 50%) were accompanied by increases (by about 50%) in alpha1, alpha4, and beta2 messages. At later intervals (after seven to 30 days), expression of alpha2, alpha4, beta3 and gamma2 messenger RNAs recovered to control values, with alpha5 and delta messenger RNA still being reduced (by 15 and 40% below control levels, respectively). Concentrations of the transcripts encoding for alpha1, alpha3, beta1, beta2, became markedly enhanced (between 20 and 50% of controls). Within the pyramidal cell layers CA1 and CA3, decreases in alpha2, alpha4, alpha5, beta(1-3) and gamma2 messenger RNAs were detected after seven to 30 days, reflecting pronounced neurodegeneration in these areas. The alpha1 transcript was decreased in CA3 after 24 h and increased to control levels indicating compensatory up-regulation of this message after seven days. Messenger RNAs encoding for alpha3-, gamma1-, and gamma3-subunits were detected at rather low levels, alpha6 was not present in the hippocampus. Our data suggest a fast but transient change in the expression of messenger RNAs encoding for different subunits of the GABA(A) receptor in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus. This is followed by a lasting augmentation of messenger RNAs encoding different GABA(A) receptor subunits in the same cell layer indicating long-lasting GABAergic inhibition. Changes within the pyramidal cell layer are mostly determined by concomitant neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsunashima
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Kainic acid-induced limbic seizures cause lasting increases in neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression in hippocampal granule cells/mossy fibers. The expression of NPY-Y1 receptors in these neurons were investigated, using in situ hybridization for Y1 mRNA and receptor autoradiography with the Y1-specific ligand [125I][Pro34]PYY. Six hours after kainic acid-induced seizures, Y1 receptor mRNA levels decreased by 80% in granule cells and concomitantly increased (by 75%) in CA2 pyramidal neurons. Subsequently, persistent decreases in Y1 mRNA were seen, both in the stratum granulosum and in CA2. Changes in mRNA concentrations were accompanied by a transient, although non-significant, increase in [125I][Pro34]PYY binding in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus after 4-6 h which was succeeded by a lasting decrease in binding which indicates a persistent down-regulation of Y1 receptors in hippocampal areas in kainic acid-induced epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kofler
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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