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DeGrush A, Maschinot A, Akdogan T, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco JR, Clasie B, Crawford C, Dow K, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Geis E, Gilad S, Hasell DK, Karpius P, Kohl M, Kolster H, Lee T, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner R, Rapaport J, Redwine R, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sindile A, Širca S, Six E, Smith T, Tonguc B, Tschalär C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhou ZL, Ziskin V, Zwart T. Measurement of the Vector and Tensor Asymmetries at Large Missing Momentum in Quasielastic (e[over →],e^{'}p) Electron Scattering from Deuterium. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:182501. [PMID: 29219591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the measurement of the beam-vector and tensor asymmetries A_{ed}^{V} and A_{d}^{T} in quasielastic (e[over →],e^{'}p) electrodisintegration of the deuteron at the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center up to missing momentum of 500 MeV/c. Data were collected simultaneously over a momentum transfer range 0.1<Q^{2}<0.5 (GeV/c)^{2} with the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid using an internal deuterium gas target polarized sequentially in both vector and tensor states. The data are compared with calculations. The beam-vector asymmetry A_{ed}^{V} is found to be directly sensitive to the D-wave component of the deuteron and has a zero crossing at a missing momentum of about 320 MeV/c, as predicted. The tensor asymmetry A_{d}^{T} at large missing momentum is found to be dominated by the influence of the tensor force in the neutron-proton final-state interaction. The new data provide a strong constraint on theoretical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A DeGrush
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Maschinot
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Akdogan
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Alarcon
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - W Bertozzi
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Booth
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - T Botto
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J R Calarco
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - B Clasie
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Crawford
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40504, USA
| | - K Dow
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Farkhondeh
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40504, USA
| | - O Filoti
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Franklin
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Gao
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory and Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - E Geis
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - S Gilad
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D K Hasell
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Karpius
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - M Kohl
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Kolster
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Lee
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - J Matthews
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K McIlhany
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - N Meitanis
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Milner
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Rapaport
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Redwine
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Seely
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Shinozaki
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sindile
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - S Širca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, and Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - E Six
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - T Smith
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - B Tonguc
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - C Tschalär
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Tsentalovich
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W Turchinetz
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Xiao
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W Xu
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory and Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Z-L Zhou
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Ziskin
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Zwart
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Abstract
Es wird versucht, die Treffertheorie auf die indirekte Strahlenwirkung auszudehnen. Dazu wird angenommen, daß durch die Strahlung „Energieträger“ erzeugt werden, die durch Diffusion zu den „empfindlichen Bereichen“ gelangen und diese verändern können.
Der Berechnung des Wirkvolumens für derartige „indirekte Treffer“ folgt eine reaktionskinetische Betrachtung der indirekten Wirkung.
Durch die Einschaltung physikalisch-chemischer Prozesse zwischen Strahlenabsorption und „Treffer“ erscheint eine Berücksichtigung der physikalischen und chemischen Gegebenheiten im bestrahlten Objekt viel eher möglich als in der „klassischen“ Theorie der „direkten Trefferwirkung“.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Six
- Aus dem Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik, Frankfurt a. M
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3
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Andre-Schmutz I, Dal-Cortivo L, Six E, Kaltenbach S, Cocchiarella F, Le Chenadec J, Cagnard N, Cordier AG, Benachi A, Mandelbrot L, Azria E, Bouallag N, Luce S, Ternaux B, Reimann C, Revy P, Radford-Weiss I, Leschi C, Recchia A, Mavilio F, Cavazzana M, Blanche S. Genotoxic Signature in Cord Blood Cells of Newborns Exposed In Utero to a Zidovudine-Based Antiretroviral Combination. J Infect Dis 2013; 208:235-43. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Zhang C, Kohl M, Akdogan T, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco JR, Clasie B, Crawford C, DeGrush A, Dow K, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Geis E, Gilad S, Hasell D, Karpius P, Kolster H, Lee T, Maschinot A, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner R, Rapaport J, Redwine R, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sindile A, Širca S, Six E, Smith T, Tonguc B, Tschalär C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhou ZL, Ziskin V, Zwart T. Precise measurement of deuteron tensor analyzing powers with BLAST. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:252501. [PMID: 22243068 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.252501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a precision measurement of the deuteron tensor analyzing powers T(20) and T(21) at the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center. Data were collected simultaneously over a momentum transfer range Q=2.15-4.50 fm(-1) with the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid using a highly polarized deuterium internal gas target. The data are in excellent agreement with calculations in a framework of effective field theory. The deuteron charge monopole and quadrupole form factors G(C) and G(Q) were separated with improved precision, and the location of the first node of G(C) was confirmed at Q=4.19±0.05 fm(-1). The new data provide a strong constraint on theoretical models in a momentum transfer range covering the minimum of T(20) and the first node of G(C).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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5
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Geis E, Kohl M, Ziskin V, Akdogan T, Arenhövel H, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco J, Clasie B, Crawford CB, DeGrush A, Donnelly TW, Dow K, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Gilad S, Hasell D, Karpius P, Kolster H, Lee T, Maschinot A, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner RG, Rapaport J, Redwine RP, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sirca S, Sindile A, Six E, Smith T, Steadman M, Tonguc B, Tschalaer C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Zwart T. Charge form factor of the neutron at low momentum transfer from the 2H-->(e-->,e'n)1H reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:042501. [PMID: 18764321 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report new measurements of the neutron charge form factor at low momentum transfer using quasielastic electrodisintegration of the deuteron. Longitudinally polarized electrons at an energy of 850 MeV were scattered from an isotopically pure, highly polarized deuterium gas target. The scattered electrons and coincident neutrons were measured by the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid (BLAST) detector. The neutron form factor ratio GEn/GMn was extracted from the beam-target vector asymmetry AedV at four-momentum transfers Q2=0.14, 0.20, 0.29, and 0.42 (GeV/c)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Geis
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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6
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Crawford CB, Sindile A, Akdogan T, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco J, Clasie B, Degrush A, Donnelly TW, Dow K, Dutta D, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Geis E, Gilad S, Haeberli W, Hasell D, Hersman W, Holtrop M, Karpius P, Kohl M, Kolster H, Lee T, Maschinot A, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner RG, Redwine RP, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sirca S, Six E, Smith T, Tonguc B, Tschalaer C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, van den Brand JFJ, van der Laan J, Wang F, Wise T, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Ziskin V, Zwart T. -Measurement of the proton's electric to magnetic form factor ratio from 1H(over -->)(e(over -->),e'p). Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:052301. [PMID: 17358849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.052301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the first precision measurement of the proton electric to magnetic form factor ratio from spin-dependent elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from a polarized hydrogen internal gas target. The measurement was performed at the MIT-Bates South Hall Ring over a range of four-momentum transfer squared Q2 from 0.15 to 0.65 (GeV/c)(2). Significantly improved results on the proton electric and magnetic form factors are obtained in combination with existing cross-section data on elastic electron-proton scattering in the same Q2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Crawford
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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7
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Bourgeois P, Sato Y, Shaw J, Alarcon R, Bernstein AM, Bertozzi W, Botto T, Calarco J, Casagrande F, Distler MO, Dow K, Farkondeh M, Georgakopoulos S, Gilad S, Hicks R, Holtrop M, Hotta A, Jiang X, Karabarbounis A, Kirkpatrick J, Kowalski S, Milner R, Miskimen R, Nakagawa I, Papanicolas CN, Sarty AJ, Sirca S, Six E, Sparveris NF, Stave S, Stiliaris E, Tamae T, Tsentalovich G, Tschalaer C, Turchinetz W, Zhou ZL, Zwart T. Measurements of the generalized electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the proton at low Q2 using the virtual-compton-scattering reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:212001. [PMID: 17155738 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.212001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The mean square polarizability radii of the proton have been measured for the first time in a virtual-Compton-scattering experiment performed at the MIT-Bates out-of-plane scattering facility. Response functions and polarizabilities obtained from a dispersion analysis of the data at Q2 = 0.057 GeV2/c2 are in agreement with O(p3) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. The data support the dominance of mesonic effects in the polarizabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bourgeois
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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8
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Tátrai E, Kováciková Z, Brózik M, Six E, Csík M, Tulinska J, Drahos A, Dám A. The influence of refractory ceramic fibres on pulmonary morphology, redox and immune system in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2006; 26:500-8. [PMID: 17086511 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Refractory ceramic fibres (RCF) were studied in male SPRD rats by both in vivo long term sequential and in vitro methods. RCF was administered by single intratracheal instillation and the lungs were examined at the end of months 1, 3 and 6 after exposure. In addition, the direct toxicity of the fibres was examined in a primary culture of alveolar macrophages (AM) and in pneumocytes type II (T2). Pulmonary morphological changes, a number of parameters of the redox system, such as activity of extracellular Cu,Zn/superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), total glutathione content of the lungs (GSH) and immunoglobulins in bronchoalveolar lavage (IgA, IgG, IgM) and in the blood were measured. The composition of the original RCF and the elemental content of the lung tissue were compared by energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) before and after exposure. Macrophage alveolitis became confluent and moderate fibrosis developed by the end of month 3, and after 6 months of exposure the intensity decreased to the level of the first month. The RCF did not significantly influence the activity of EC-SOD or the total glutathione content of the lungs. Although aluminium and silicon could be demonstrated by EDXA in the lung tissue at the end of month 3, these elements were no longer detectable by the end of month 6. The RCF decreased IgA significantly in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The main components of RCF induced pulmonary alterations, whereas no significant change could be detected in EC-SOD and GSH. Injuries caused by direct toxicity could be observed in the cell membranes only at the highest concentration. On the basis of these results RCF can be determined as moderately toxic fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Tátrai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest PO Box 22, H-1450 Hungary.
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9
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Sparveris NF, Alarcon R, Bernstein AM, Bertozzi W, Botto T, Bourgeois P, Calarco J, Casagrande F, Distler MO, Dow K, Farkondeh M, Georgakopoulos S, Gilad S, Hicks R, Holtrop M, Hotta A, Jiang X, Karabarbounis A, Kirkpatrick J, Kowalski S, Milner R, Miskimen R, Nakagawa I, Papanicolas CN, Sarty AJ, Sato Y, Sirca S, Shaw J, Six E, Stave S, Stiliaris E, Tamae T, Tsentalovich G, Tschalaer C, Turchinetz W, Zhou ZL, Zwart T. Investigation of the conjectured nucleon deformation at low momentum transfer. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:022003. [PMID: 15698166 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.022003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report new precise H(e,e(')p)pi(0) measurements at the Delta(1232) resonance at Q(2)=0.127 (GeV/c)(2) obtained at the MIT-Bates out-of-plane scattering facility which are particularly sensitive to the transverse electric amplitude (E2) of the gamma(*)N-->Delta transition. The new data have been analyzed together with those of earlier measurements to yield precise quadrupole to dipole amplitude ratios: Re(E(3/2)(1+)/M(3/2)(1+))=(-2.3+/-0.3(stat+syst)+/-0.6(model))% and Re(S(3/2)(1+)/M(3/2)(1+))=(-6.1+/-0.2(stat+syst)+/-0.5(model))% for M(3/2)(1+)=(41.4+/-0.3(stat+syst)+/-0.4(model))(10(-3)/m(pi(+))). The derived amplitudes give credence to the conjecture of deformation in hadrons favoring, at low Q2, the dominance of mesonic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F Sparveris
- Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications and Department of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Abstract
Pulmonary toxicity of wollastonite has been studied in both in vivo long-term sequential and in vitro methods in Sprague-Dawley rats. Wollastonite was administered by intratracheal instillation and the lungs were examined after 1, 3 and 6 months by morphological methods. UICC crocidolite was applied as the positive control. In addition, the effects of both fibres were examined in primary cultures of pulmonary alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes to determine the effects of the fibres on the membranes of these cells, the activity of Cu,Zn/superoxide dismutase and the redox system and the release of proinflammatory peptides: macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inhibitory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha). By the end of six months wollastonite had induced mild pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, whereas crocidolite induced progressive interstitial fibrosis as a function of time. The membranes of macrophages and pneumocytes were disrupted at the lowest concentration of crocidolite. The activity of enzymes of the redox system and cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase significantly decreased with crocidolite. Wollastonite decreased only the activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and glutathione peroxidase. Crocidolite induced expression of the proinflammatory peptides at the lowest concentration (1 micro g ml(-1)) but wollastonite increased production of these peptides only at medium and high concentrations (5 and 10 micro g ml(-1)). These results underline the importance of further human epidemiological studies and the need for the determination of a hygienic standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tátrai
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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van Buuren LD, Szczerba D, Alarcon R, Boersma DJ, van den Brand JFJ, Bulten HJ, Ent R, Ferro-Luzzi M, Harvey M, Heimberg P, Higinbotham DW, Klous S, Kolster H, Lang J, Militsyn BL, Nikolenko D, Norum BE, Passchier I, Poolman HR, Rachek I, Simani MC, Six E, de Vries H, Zhou ZL. Spin-dependent electron-proton scattering in the Delta-excitation region. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:012001. [PMID: 12097034 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.012001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on measurements of the cross section and provide first data on spin correlation parameters A(TT') and A(TL') in inclusive scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from nuclear-polarized hydrogen. Polarized electrons were injected into an electron storage ring operated at a beam energy of 720 MeV. Polarized hydrogen was produced by an atomic beam source and injected into an open-ended cylindrical cell, located in the electron storage ring. The four-momentum transfer squared ranged from Q2 = 0.2 GeV(2)/c(2) at the elastic scattering peak to Q2 = 0.11 GeV(2)/c(2) at the Delta(1232) resonance. The data provide a stringent test of pion electroproduction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D van Buuren
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Passchier I, van Buuren LD, Szczerba D, Alarcon R, Bauer TS, Boersma DJ, van Den Brand JFJ, Bulten HJ, Ent R, Ferro-Luzzi M, Harvey M, Heimberg P, Higinbotham DW, Klous S, Kolster H, Lang J, Militsyn BL, Nikolenko D, Nooren GJL, Norum BE, Poolman HR, Rachek I, Simani MC, Six E, de Vries H, Wang K, Zhou ZL. Spin-momentum correlations in quasielastic electron scattering from deuterium. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:102302. [PMID: 11909349 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The spin-momentum correlation parameter A(V)(ed) was measured for the 2H-->(e-->,e'p)n reaction for missing momenta up to 350 MeV/c at Q2 = 0.21 (GeV/c)(2) for quasielastic scattering of polarized electrons from vector-polarized deuterium. The data give detailed information about the deuteron spin structure and are in good agreement with the results of microscopic calculations based on realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials and including various spin-dependent reaction mechanism effects. The experiment reveals in a most direct manner the effects of the D state in the deuteron ground-state wave function and shows the importance of isobar configurations for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Passchier
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Gupta-Rossi N, Le Bail O, Gonen H, Brou C, Logeat F, Six E, Ciechanover A, Israël A. Functional interaction between SEL-10, an F-box protein, and the nuclear form of activated Notch1 receptor. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:34371-8. [PMID: 11425854 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m101343200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is essential in many cell fate decisions in invertebrates as well as in vertebrates. After ligand binding, a two-step proteolytic cleavage releases the intracellular part of the receptor which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional activator. Although Notch-induced transcription of genes has been reported extensively, its endogenous nuclear form has been seldom visualized. We report that the nuclear intracellular domain of Notch1 is stabilized by proteasome inhibitors and is a substrate for polyubiquitination in vitro. SEL-10, an F-box protein of the Cdc4 family, was isolated in a genetic screen for Lin12/Notch-negative regulators in Caenorhabditis elegans. We isolated human and murine counterparts of SEL-10 and investigated the role of a dominant-negative form of this protein, deleted of the F-box, on Notch1 stability and activity. This molecule could stabilize intracellular Notch1 and enhance its transcriptional activity but had no effect on inactive membrane-anchored forms of the receptor. We then demonstrated that SEL-10 specifically interacts with nuclear forms of Notch1 and that this interaction requires a phosphorylation event. Taken together, these data suggest that SEL-10 is involved in shutting off Notch signaling by ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of the active transcriptional factor after a nuclear phosphorylation event.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gupta-Rossi
- Unité de Biologie Moléculaire de l'Expression Génique, FRE 2364, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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Poolman HR, Boersma DJ, Harvey M, Higinbotham DW, Passchier I, Six E, Alarcon R, Bauer TS, Bulten HJ, Ent R, Ferro-Luzzi M, Geurts DG, Heimberg P, Klimin P, Koop I, Kroes F, Luijckx G, Lysenko A, Militsyn B, Nesterenko I. Experiments with longitudinally polarized electrons in a storage ring using a siberian snake. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:3855-3858. [PMID: 11019223 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on first measurements with polarized electrons stored in a medium-energy ring and with a polarized internal target. Polarized electrons were injected at 442 MeV (653 MeV), and a partial (full) Siberian snake was employed to preserve the polarization. Longitudinal polarization at the interaction point and polarization lifetime of the stored electrons were determined with laser backscattering. Spin observables were measured for electrodisintegration of polarized 3He, with simultaneous detection of scattered electrons, protons, neutrons, deuterons, and 3He nuclei, over a large phase space.
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Affiliation(s)
- HR Poolman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands and NIKHEF, P.O. Box 41882, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Nouraini S, Six E, Matsuyama S, Krajewski S, Reed JC. The putative pore-forming domain of Bax regulates mitochondrial localization and interaction with Bcl-X(L). Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20:1604-15. [PMID: 10669738 PMCID: PMC85344 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.5.1604-1615.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bax is a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins which localizes to and uses mitochondria as its major site of action. Bax normally resides in the cytoplasm and translocates to mitochondria in response to apoptotic stimuli, and it promotes apoptosis in two ways: (i) by disrupting mitochondrial membrane barrier function by formation of ion-permeable pores in mitochondrial membranes and (ii) by binding to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins via its BH3 domain and inhibiting their functions. A hairpin pair of amphipathic alpha-helices (alpha5-alpha6) in Bax has been predicted to participate in membrane insertion and pore formation by Bax. We mutagenized several charged residues in the alpha5-alpha6 domain of Bax, changing them to alanine. These substitution mutants of Bax constitutively localized to mitochondria and displayed a gain-of-function phenotype when expressed in mammalian cells. Furthermore, substitution of 8 out of 10 charged residues in the alpha5-alpha6 domain of Bax resulted in a loss of cytotoxicity in yeast but a gain-of-function phenotype in mammalian cells. The enhanced function of this Bax mutant was correlated with increased binding to Bcl-X(L), through a BH3-independent mechanism. These observations reveal new functions for the alpha5-alpha6 hairpin loop of Bax: (i) regulation of mitochondrial targeting and (ii) modulation of binding to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nouraini
- The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Adamis Z, Tátrai E, Honma K, Six E, Ungváry G. In vitro and in vivo tests for determination of the pathogenicity of quartz, diatomaceous earth, mordenite and clinoptilolite. Ann Occup Hyg 2000; 44:67-74. [PMID: 10689760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of samples of crystalline quartz, diatomaceous earth, mordenite and clinoptilolite were investigated in vitro (as concerns erythrocyte haemolysis and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from peritoneal macrophages) and in vivo (on LDH, protein and phospholipids in rat bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and phospholipids in rat lung tissue). The respirable mineral samples were instilled intratracheally. Determinations in the BAL were carried out after 15, 60 and 180 days, and in the lung tissue after 90, 180 and 360 days. Quartz DQ and quartz FQ induced acute, subacute and chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis. However, due to the Al2O3 contamination on the surface of the particles quartz FQ caused a delayed response in vivo. Diatomaceous earth produced acute/subacute inflammation that gradually became more moderate after 60 days. Clinoptilolite was inert, whereas the other zeolite sample, mordenite, was cytotoxic in vivo. The reason for this was presumably the needle and rod-shaped particles in the mordenite samples. The investigation revealed that different in vitro and in vivo methods canprovide valuable data concerning the pulmonary toxicity of minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Adamis
- National Institute of Chemical Safety, Budapest, Hungary
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Ferro-Luzzi M, Bouwhuis M, Passchier E, Zhou Z, Alarcon R, Anghinolfi M, Botto T, Buchholz M, Bulten HJ, Choi S, Comfort J, Dolfini S, Ent R, Gaulard C, Higinbotham D, Konstantinov E, Lang J, Miller MA, Nikolenko D, Nooren GJ, Papadakis N, Passchier I, Poolman HR, Popov SG, Rachek I, Ripani M, Six E, Steijger JJ, Taiuti M, Unal O, Vodanis N. Measurement of Tensor Analyzing Powers for Elastic Electron Scattering from a Polarized 2H Target Internal to a Storage Ring. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 77:2630-2633. [PMID: 10062006 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
Retronphage phi R73 exhibits extensive sequence homology to the satellite bacteriophage P4. Bacteriophage P4 superinfection immunity is elicited by a small RNA (CI RNA) that causes premature transcription termination within the operon coding for the P4 replication functions. This control is exerted via interaction of the CI RNA with two complementary target sites on the untranslated leader RNA of the replication operon. We found that phi R73 is endowed with a similar immunity system but is heteroimmune to P4. The heteroimmunity is due to six base differences in the CI RNA and to compensatory base substitutions in the target sequences. The sequence differences in the CI RNA are all located in single-stranded regions, which appear to play a predominant role in the interaction with the target sites. Analysis of phage carrying a hybrid immunity system indicates that, although two target sequences are required for the establishment of lysogeny, a single site is sufficient to make a phage sensitive to the prophage immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sabbattini
- Dipartimento di Genetica e di Biologia dei Microrganismi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Sunshine M, Six E. sub, a host mutation that specifically allows growth of replication-deficient gene B mutants of coliphage P2. Mol Gen Genet 1986; 204:359-61. [PMID: 3020374 DOI: 10.1007/bf00425523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophage P2 normally requires the products of its early genes A and B for lytic growth in its host, Escherichia coli C. A host mutation, sub-1, which allows P2 to grow without a functional B gene product is described. The sub-1 mutation is recessive and maps at approximately 10 min on the E. coli genetic map.
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Abstract
We report here an unusual case of a 21-year-old woman who presented with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and hyperprolactinemia (66 to 81 ng/ml) secondary to an unsuspected intrasellar craniopharyngioma. The results of preoperative endocrine testing were compatible with the presence of a prolactin-secreting adenoma. Moreover, high resolution computed tomographic scanning revealed an uncalcified hypodense sellar mass that did not enhance after contrast administration, a feature shared by many prolactinomas. This report illustrates that amenorrhea, galactorrhea, mild to moderate hyperprolactinemia, and a sellar mass should not automatically be attributed to the presence of a prolactin-secreting adenoma.
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Abstract
Abstract
A technique for fixation of C-1, C-2, and C-3 for odontoid fractures is described. Fixation wires between the laminae of the atlas and the spinous process of the axis maintain the atlantoaxial alignment. Kirschner wire pins through the spinous processes of C-2 and C-3 act as reinforcing bars for a methyl methacrylate fusion. (Neurosurgery 8:374-377, 1981)
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Six E, Kelly DL, Moody DM, Laster W, Ball MR, Cowley AR. Absence of "collapsing cord" sign in hydromyelia. Neurosurgery 1980; 6:654-6. [PMID: 7432608 DOI: 10.1227/00006123-198006000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Abstract
A series of 59 patients with gunshot wounds to the spinal cord is presented. Seventeen injuries were cervical, 30 were thoracic, 11 were lumbar, and one was sacral. Twenty-nine patients had immediate complete sensorimotor loss of function, 18 had sensory or motor sparing below the cord lesions, and 12 had injury of the cauda equina. Thirty-nine patients were treated with decompressive laminectomy, four with local wound debridement only, three with cervical traction and subsequent anterior cervical fusion; 13 had only conservative therapy. Eleven patients had return to normal function and 20 patients had some degree of improvement. There was no significant difference in the outcome between patients operated on and those treated conservatively.
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Goldstein R, Lengyel J, Pruss G, Barrett K, Calendar R, Six E. Head size determination and the morphogenesis of satellite phage P4. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1974:59-75. [PMID: 4448101 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-66044-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- E Six
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 33, California, and Los Angeles County Hospital
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