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Stowell J, Pugsley P, Henry M, Edwards J, Jordan H, Norquist C, Katz E, Koenig B, Akhter M. 322 The Impact of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic on Pediatric Emergency Department Encounters in a Major Metropolitan Area. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [PMCID: PMC9519227 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Katz E, Gellatly K, Essien K, Garber M, Harris J. 547 Regulatory T cell production of IFN-γ in vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gallegos J, Underwood S, Katz E, Spalding R, Edelstein B. FACTORS INFLUENCING MEDICAL DECISON MAKING ROLE IN OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lutz J, Katz E, Gallegos J, Spalding R, Edelstein B. A NEW MEASURE OF FEELINGS OF BURDEN FOR OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Katz E, Edelstein B. PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE WAKE FOREST PHYSICIAN TRUST SCALE WITH OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Maski KP, Steinhart E, Holbrook H, Kapur K, Katz E, Stickgold R. 0747 Impaired Memory Consolidation in Children with Obstructive Sleep Disordered Breathing. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K P Maski
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - H Holbrook
- University of Vermont, University of Vermont, MA
| | - K Kapur
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - E Katz
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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Poghossian A, Katz E, Schöning MJ. Enzyme logic AND-Reset and OR-Reset gates based on a field-effect electronic transducer modified with multi-enzyme membrane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6564-7. [PMID: 25771862 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01362c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Capacitive field-effect sensors modified with a multi-enzyme membrane have been applied for an electronic transduction of biochemical signals processed by enzyme-based AND-Reset and OR-Reset logic gates. The local pH change at the sensor surface induced by the enzymatic reaction was used for the activation of the Reset function for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poghossian
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany.
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Inverso G, Brustowicz KA, Katz E, Padwa BL. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in symptomatic patients with syndromic craniosynostosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 45:167-9. [PMID: 26602951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reported prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis (SCS) varies due to inconsistent definitions of OSA, lack of uniform diagnostic testing, and different mixes of syndromic diagnoses. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of OSA in symptomatic patients with SCS, and to determine whether this differs by phenotypic diagnosis. A retrospective cohort study of children with SCS was conducted. The primary outcome was presence of OSA diagnosed by polysomnography. The prevalence of OSA was calculated and stratified by diagnosis to compare differences in prevalence and severity (mild, moderate, or severe). The prevalence of OSA in symptomatic patients was 74.2%. Patients with Apert syndrome had the highest prevalence (80.6%), followed by Pfeiffer, Crouzon with acanthosis nigricans, and Crouzon syndromes (72.7%, 66.7%, and 64.7%, respectively). Severe OSA was most common in patients with Pfeiffer syndrome (45.5%), while patients with Apert and Crouzon syndromes were more likely to have moderate OSA (29.0% and 23.5%, respectively). Given that 56.4% of patients with SCS are symptomatic and that 74.2% of these symptomatic patients have OSA, it is recommended that a screening level I polysomnography be part of the clinical care for all patients with SCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Inverso
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K A Brustowicz
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Katz
- Division of Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B L Padwa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Resnick C, Dentino K, Katz E, Mulliken J, Padwa B. Effectiveness of tongue-lip adhesion for obstructive sleep apnea in infants with robin sequence measured by polysomnography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Asrani SK, Wiesner RH, Trotter JF, Klintmalm G, Katz E, Maller E, Roberts J, Kneteman N, Teperman L, Fung JJ, Millis JM. De novo sirolimus and reduced-dose tacrolimus versus standard-dose tacrolimus after liver transplantation: the 2000-2003 phase II prospective randomized trial. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:356-66. [PMID: 24456026 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We studied whether the use of sirolimus with reduced-dose tacrolimus, as compared to standard-dose tacrolimus, after liver transplantation is safe, tolerated and efficacious. In an international multicenter, open-label, active-controlled randomized trial (2000-2003), adult primary liver transplant recipients (n=222) were randomly assigned immediately after transplantation to conventional-dose tacrolimus (trough: 7-15 ng/mL) or sirolimus (loading dose: 15 mg, initial dose: 5 mg titrated to a trough of 4-11 ng/mL) and reduced-dose tacrolimus (trough: 3-7 ng/mL). The study was terminated after 21 months due to imbalance in adverse events. The 24-month cumulative incidence of graft loss (26.4% vs. 12.5%, p=0.009) and patient death (20% vs. 8%, p=0.010) was higher in subjects receiving sirolimus. A numerically higher rate of hepatic artery thrombosis/portal vein thrombosis was observed in the sirolimus arm (8% vs. 3%, p=0.065). The incidence of sepsis was higher in the sirolimus arm (20.4% vs. 7.2%, p=0.006). Rates of acute cellular rejection were similar between the two groups. Early use of sirolimus using a loading dose followed by maintenance doses and reduced-dose tacrolimus in de novo liver transplant recipients is associated with higher rates of graft loss, death and sepsis when compared to the use of conventional-dose tacrolimus alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Asrani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; William J. von Liebig Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Annette C and Harold-Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Gamez M, Hu K, Agarwal M, Dhanireddy B, Katz E, Li Z, Culliney B, Harrison L. Hypofractionated Palliative Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy for Advanced Head-and-Neck Cancer: The QUAD-Shot Regimen. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.11.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Particles in the nanometer size range are attracting increasing attention with the growth of interest in nanotechnological disciplines. Nanoparticles display fascinating electronic and optical properties as a consequence of their dimensions and they may be easily synthesized from a wide range of materials. The dimensions of these particles makes them ideal candidates for the nanoengineering of surfaces and the fabrication of functional nanostructures. In the last five years, much effort has been expended on their organization on surfaces for the construction of functional interfaces. In this review, we address the research that has led to numerous sensing, electronic, optoelectronic, and photoelectronic interfaces, and also take time to cover the synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles and nanoparticle arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Shipway
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Boffi JC, Wedemeyer C, Lipovsek M, Katz E, Calvo DJ, Elgoyhen AB. Positive modulation of the α9α10 nicotinic cholinergic receptor by ascorbic acid. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:954-65. [PMID: 22994414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The activation of α9α10 nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nAChRs) present at the synapse between efferent olivocochlear fibres and cochlear hair cells can prevent acoustic trauma. Hence, pharmacological potentiators of these receptors could be useful therapeutically. In this work, we characterize ascorbic acid as a positive modulator of recombinant α9α10 nAChRs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH ACh-evoked responses were analysed under two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings in Xenopus laevis oocytes injected with α9 and α10 cRNAs. KEY RESULTS Ascorbic acid potentiated ACh responses in X. laevis oocytes expressing α9α10 (but not α4β2 or α7) nAChRs, in a concentration-dependent manner, with an effective concentration range of 1-30 mM. The compound did not affect the receptor's current-voltage profile nor its apparent affinity for ACh, but it significantly enhanced the maximal evoked currents (percentage of ACh maximal response, 240 ± 20%). This effect was specific for the L form of reduced ascorbic acid. Substitution of the extracellular cysteine residues present in loop C of the ACh binding site did not affect the potentiation. Ascorbic acid turned into a partial agonist of α9α10 nAChRs bearing a point mutation at the pore domain of the channel (TM2 V13'T mutant). A positive allosteric mechanism of action rather than an antioxidant effect of ascorbic acid is proposed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The present work describes one of the few agents that activates or potentiates α9α10 nAChRs and leads to new avenues for designing drugs with potential therapeutic use in inner ear disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Boffi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería, Genética y Biología Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
In a double-blind multicentre study of outpatients with DSM-III-R major depressive disorder, 129 sertraline and 129 placebo patients were evaluated over a 6-week period. Sertraline exhibited a significantly greater (P < 0.001) antidepressant effect compared to placebo as measured by the HAM-D, MADRS, CGI-S and CGI-I. In the subset of patients with severe depression (baseline HAM-D >/= 25), sertraline was also significantly more effective than placebo (P < 0.05). Side effects were more commonly reported in sertraline (59%) compared to placebo (38%) patients; the most common being nausea, headache and insomnia. A subset of 107 patients (66 sertraline; 41 placebo) who were defined as responders (CGI-I of 1 or 2) after 6 weeks treatment were entered into a 20-week continuation phase. In this responder subset, there was continuing improvement in both groups of patients, but with no significant differences in mean HAM-D or MADRS between the groups. However, a higher number of sertraline patients were associated with a persistent pattern of improvement relative to placebo (P < 0.05). The incidence of side effects was similar in sertraline (52%) and placebo (49%) treated patients in the continuation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Olie
- Hospital Saint-Anne, Paris, France
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Rolston D, Katz E, Runde D, Patel V, Quaas J, Wiener D. 238 Predicting Pseudohyperkalemia on Hemolyzed Potassium Specimens. Ann Emerg Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Katz E, Boo KH, Kim HY, Eigenheer RA, Phinney BS, Shulaev V, Negre-Zakharov F, Sadka A, Blumwald E. Label-free shotgun proteomics and metabolite analysis reveal a significant metabolic shift during citrus fruit development. J Exp Bot 2011; 62:5367-84. [PMID: 21841177 PMCID: PMC3223037 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Label-free LC-MS/MS-based shot-gun proteomics was used to quantify the differential protein synthesis and metabolite profiling in order to assess metabolic changes during the development of citrus fruits. Our results suggested the occurrence of a metabolic change during citrus fruit maturation, where the organic acid and amino acid accumulation seen during the early stages of development shifted into sugar synthesis during the later stage of citrus fruit development. The expression of invertases remained unchanged, while an invertase inhibitor was up-regulated towards maturation. The increased expression of sucrose-phosphate synthase and sucrose-6-phosphate phosphatase and the rapid sugar accumulation suggest that sucrose is also being synthesized in citrus juice sac cells during the later stage of fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kyung Hwan Boo
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ho Youn Kim
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Richard A. Eigenheer
- Genome Center, Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Genome Center, Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | | | - Avi Sadka
- Department of Fruit Tree Species, ARO, The Volcani Center, 50250 Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Hu X, Pickering EH, Hall SK, Naik S, Liu YC, Soares H, Katz E, Paciga SA, Liu W, Aisen PS, Bales KR, Samad TA, John SL. Genome-wide association study identifies multiple novel loci associated with disease progression in subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Transl Psychiatry 2011; 1:e54. [PMID: 22833209 PMCID: PMC3309471 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2011.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among the elderly population; however, knowledge about genetic risk factors involved in disease progression is limited. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using clinical decline as measured by changes in the Clinical Dementia Rating-sum of boxes as a quantitative trait to test for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were associated with the rate of progression in 822 Caucasian subjects of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There was no significant association with disease progress for any of the recently identified disease susceptibility variants in CLU, CR1, PICALM, BIN1, EPHA1, MS4A6A, MS4A4E or CD33 following multiple testing correction. We did, however, identify multiple novel loci that reached genome-wide significance at the 0.01 level. These top variants (rs7840202 at chr8 in UBR5: P=4.27 × 10(-14); rs11637611 with a cluster of SNPs at chr15q23 close to the Tay-Sachs disease locus: P=1.07 × 10(-15); and rs12752888 at chr1: P=3.08 × 10(-11)) were also associated with a significant decline in cognition as well as the conversion of subjects with MCI to a diagnosis of AD. Taken together, these variants define approximately 16.6% of the MCI sub-population with a faster rate of decline independent of the other known disease risk factors. In addition to providing new insights into protein pathways that may be involved with the progress to AD in MCI subjects, these variants if further validated may enable the identification of a more homogeneous population of subjects at an earlier stage of disease for testing novel hypotheses and/or therapies in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- PharmaTx Precision Medicine, Pfizer, Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT, USA.
| | | | - S K Hall
- PharmaTx Precision Medicine, Pfizer, Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT, USA
| | - S Naik
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Y C Liu
- Clinical Statistics, Pfizer, Shanghai, China
| | - H Soares
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
| | - E Katz
- PharmaTx Precision Medicine, Pfizer, Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT, USA
| | - S A Paciga
- PharmaTx Precision Medicine, Pfizer, Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT, USA
| | - W Liu
- Research Statistics, Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
| | | | - K R Bales
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
| | - T A Samad
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
| | - S L John
- PharmaTx Precision Medicine, Pfizer, Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT, USA
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Degu A, Hatew B, Nunes-Nesi A, Shlizerman L, Zur N, Katz E, Fernie AR, Blumwald E, Sadka A. Inhibition of aconitase in citrus fruit callus results in a metabolic shift towards amino acid biosynthesis. Planta 2011; 234:501-13. [PMID: 21528417 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1411-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Citrate, a major determinant of citrus fruit quality, accumulates early in fruit development and declines towards maturation. The isomerization of citrate to isocitrate, catalyzed by aconitase is a key step in acid metabolism. Inhibition of mitochondrial aconitase activity early in fruit development contributes to acid accumulation, whereas increased cytosolic activity of aconitase causes citrate decline. It was previously hypothesized that the block in mitochondrial aconitase activity, inducing acid accumulation, is caused by citramalate. Here, we investigated the effect of citramalate and of another aconitase inhibitor, oxalomalate, on aconitase activity and regulation in callus originated from juice sacs. These compounds significantly increased citrate content and reduced the enzyme's activity, while slightly inducing its protein level. Citramalate inhibited the mitochondrial, but not cytosolic form of the enzyme. Its external application to mandarin fruits resulted in inhibition of aconitase activity, with a transient increase in fruit acidity detected a few weeks later. The endogenous level of citramalate was analyzed in five citrus varieties: its pattern of accumulation challenged the notion of its action as an endogenous inhibitor of mitochondrial aconitase. Metabolite profiling of oxalomalate-treated cells showed significant increases in a few amino acids and organic acids. The activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and aspartate kinase, as well as these of two γ-aminobutyrate (GABA)-shunt enzymes, succinic semialdehyde reductase (SSAR) and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSAD) were significantly induced in oxalomalate-treated cells. It is suggested that the increase in citrate, caused by aconitase inhibition, induces amino acid synthesis and the GABA shunt, in accordance with the suggested fate of citrate during the acid decline stage in citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfaw Degu
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, ARO, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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Blum N, Katz E, Fee E. Blum et al. Respond. Am J Public Health 2011. [DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2011.300160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Busuttil RW, Lipshutz GS, Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Ponthieux S, Gjertson DW, Cheadle C, Watkins T, Ehrlich E, Katz E, Squiers EC, Rabb H, Hemmerich S. rPSGL-Ig for improvement of early liver allograft function: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center phase II study. Am J Transplant 2011; 11:786-97. [PMID: 21401865 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The selectin antagonist known as recombinant P-selectin glycoprotein ligand IgG (rPSGL-Ig) blocks leukocyte adhesion and protects against transplantation ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in animal models. This randomized (1:1) single-center double-blind 47-patient phase 2 study with 6-month follow-up assessed rPSGL-Ig's safety and impact on early graft function at 1 mg/kg systemic dose with pretransplant allograft ex vivo treatment in deceased-donor liver transplant recipients. Safety was assessed in all patients, whereas efficacy was assessed in a prospectively defined per-protocol patient set (PP) by peak serum transaminase (TA) and bilirubin values, and normalization thereof. In PP patients, the incidence of poor early graft function (defined as peak TA >2500 U/L or bilirubin >10 mg/dL), average peak liver enzymes and bilirubin, normalization thereof and duration of primary and total hospitalization trended consistently lower in the rPSGL-Ig group compared to placebo. In patients with donor risk index above study-average, normalization of aspartate aminotransferase was significantly improved in the rPSGL-Ig group (p < 0.03). rPSGL-Ig treatment blunted postreperfusion induction versus placebo of IRI biomarker IP-10 (p < 0.1) and augmented cytoprotective IL-10 (p < 0.05). This is the first clinical trial of an adhesion molecule antagonist to demonstrate a beneficial effect on liver transplantation IRI and supported by therapeutic modulation of two hepatic IRI biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Busuttil
- Dumont UCLA Transplant Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Katz E, Fon M, Eigenheer RA, Phinney BS, Fass JN, Lin D, Sadka A, Blumwald E. A label-free differential quantitative mass spectrometry method for the characterization and identification of protein changes during citrus fruit development. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:68. [PMID: 21162737 PMCID: PMC3017515 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Citrus is one of the most important and widely grown commodity fruit crops. In this study a label-free LC-MS/MS based shot-gun proteomics approach was taken to explore three main stages of citrus fruit development. These approaches were used to identify and evaluate changes occurring in juice sac cells in various metabolic pathways affecting citrus fruit development and quality. Results Protein changes in citrus juice sac cells were identified and quantified using label-free shotgun methodologies. Two alternative methods, differential mass-spectrometry (dMS) and spectral counting (SC) were used to analyze protein changes occurring during earlier and late stages of fruit development. Both methods were compared in order to develop a proteomics workflow that could be used in a non-model plant lacking a sequenced genome. In order to resolve the bioinformatics limitations of EST databases from species that lack a full sequenced genome, we established iCitrus. iCitrus is a comprehensive sequence database created by merging three major sources of sequences (HarvEST:citrus, NCBI/citrus/unigenes, NCBI/citrus/proteins) and improving the annotation of existing unigenes. iCitrus provided a useful bioinformatics tool for the high-throughput identification of citrus proteins. We have identified approximately 1500 citrus proteins expressed in fruit juice sac cells and quantified the changes of their expression during fruit development. Our results showed that both dMS and SC provided significant information on protein changes, with dMS providing a higher accuracy. Conclusion Our data supports the notion of the complementary use of dMS and SC for label-free comparative proteomics, broadening the identification spectrum and strengthening the identification of trends in protein expression changes during the particular processes being compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Leeper AD, Thomas JSJ, Dixon JM, Harrison DJ, Katz E. Abstract P4-05-03: Quantification of an Individual's Response to Drug Therapy Utilising a Novel Three-Dimensional Assay with Primary Breast Cancer Explants. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p4-05-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is not a single disease but one that displays both inter-and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. The principal models for breast cancer research are currently immortalised breast cancer cell lines as they are easily propagated, tractable to genetic modification and yield reproducible results However, it is not possible to use a cell line to predict the disease course of an individual patient. Moreover, epithelial cells grown on plastic in two dimensional cultures fail to recapitulate their three dimensional interaction with the tumour microenvironment, which is believed to be integral to tumour progression.
Purpose: Using a collagen based three dimensional assay system and fresh breast cancer biopsies obtained at surgical resection, we have developed a novel assay which demonstrates ongoing proliferation and invasion of an individual's breast cancer. The proliferation and invasion of the breast cancer can be modified using currently available anti-cancer drugs. The effect of these drugs on an individual patient's cancer may then be quantified.
Results: The model is amenable to investigation both in real-time and following formalin fixation. Using live microscopy and time delay image capture techniques we are able to study proliferation and invasion over a timecourse. Subsequent formalin fixation and sectioning enables two dimensional immunofluorescence quantification of drug effect at a cellular level. Three dimensional scanning and quantification, utilising Optical Projected Tomography and Velocity software enables one to demonstrate the effect of a drug on invasion at a macroscopic level. Conclusions: This assay has provided a method of sustaining an individual's primary breast tissue in long-term culture. Moreover, it provides a method of observing different patterns of invasion. Through the addition of currently available and novel therapeutics we are able to quantify how residual disease may respond to a battery of different treatments. In turn this may improve the ability of the clinician to decide on optimal adjuvant therapy, resulting in individually tailored therapy.
Figure available in online version.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-05-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- AD Leeper
- University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - JM Dixon
- University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - E. Katz
- University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Nave N, Katz E, Chayut N, Gazit S, Samach A. Flower development in the passion fruit Passiflora edulis requires a photoperiod-induced systemic graft-transmissible signal. Plant Cell Environ 2010; 33:2065-83. [PMID: 20626645 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Different organisms use gradual seasonal changes in photoperiod to correctly time diverse developmental processes, such as transition to flowering in plants. Florigen is a systemic signal formed in leaves exposed to specific environmental cues, mainly photoperiodic, and capable of triggering flower induction in several species. Here we show that in Passiflora edulis, a perennial climbing vine, flower initiation occurs throughout the year; however, without long photoperiods, flower primordia show arrested growth and differentiation at an early stage. Our results support the existence of a positive, systemic, graft-transmissible signal, produced in mature leaves under LDs, that is required for normal flower development beyond sepal formation. Our results also suggest that Gibberellin acts to inhibit flower development. We provide evidence for genetic variation in the response to short photoperiods. A genotype capable of forming developed flowers under short photoperiods produces a positive graft transmissible signal allowing normal flower development under short days in a cultivar which normally aborts flower development under these conditions. We believe these findings contribute towards discovering the chemical nature of this interesting mobile signal involved in flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Nave
- The Robert H. Smith Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Blum N, Katz E, Fee E. Professor Natan Goldblum: The Pioneer Producer of the Inactivated Poliomyelitis Vaccine in Israel. Am J Public Health 2010; 100:2074-5. [DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2010.192922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shah M, Katz E, Dorfman M, Kass L, Sadosty A, Cundiff C, Desai A, Chan S. 25: Investigating Depression Among Emergency Medicine Residents. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Katz E, Dubois-Marshall S, Sims AH, Faratian D, Li J, Smith ES, Quinn JA, Edward M, Meehan RR, Evans EE, Langdon SP, Harrison DJ. A gene on the HER2 amplicon, C35, is an oncogene in breast cancer whose actions are prevented by inhibition of Syk. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:401-10. [PMID: 20628393 PMCID: PMC2920017 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: C35 is a 12 kDa membrane-anchored protein endogenously over-expressed in many invasive breast cancers. C35 (C17orf37) is located on the HER2 amplicon, between HER2 and GRB7. The function of over-expressed C35 in invasive breast cancer is unknown. Methods: Tissue microarrays containing 122 primary human breast cancer specimens were used to examine the association of C35 with HER2 expression. Cell lines over-expressing C35 were generated and tested for evidence of cell transformation in vitro. Results: In primary breast cancers high levels of C35 mRNA expression were associated with HER2 gene amplification. High levels of C35 protein expression were associated with hallmarks of transformation, such as, colony growth in soft agar, invasion into collagen matrix and formation of large acinar structures in three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. The transformed phenotype was also associated with characteristics of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, such as adoption of spindle cell morphology and down-regulation of epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin and keratin-8. Furthermore, C35-induced transformation in 3D cell cultures was dependent on Syk kinase, a downstream mediator of signalling from the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, which is present in C35. Conclusion: C35 functions as an oncogene in breast cancer cell lines. Drug targeting of C35 or Syk kinase might be helpful in treating a subset of patients with HER2-amplified breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Katz
- Breakthrough Research Unit and Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
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Kieran SM, Katz E, Rosen R, Khatwa U, Martin T, Rahbar R. The lipid laden macrophage index as a marker of aspiration in patients with type I and II laryngeal clefts. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74:743-6. [PMID: 20394993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Laryngeal clefts are uncommon congenital anomalies that may cause pulmonary aspiration, leading to considerable morbidity including recurrent pneumonias. The lipid laden macrophage index (LLMI) is a potential marker of pulmonary aspiration. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of the lipid laden macrophage index as a marker of severity of pulmonary aspiration in children with laryngeal clefts and its role in the management of these patients. METHODS An institutional review board approved retrospective review of all patients with laryngeal cleft who had also underwent direct laryngoscopy with rigid bronchoscopy and flexible bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage. The LLMI was measured from the lavage and compared to clinical and radiological data. RESULTS Forty-four patients with laryngeal clefts (31 type I clefts and 13 type II clefts) underwent assessment with flexible bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. The median age at first outpatient visit in our Center for Aero-digestive Disorder was 0.92 years in patients with type I clefts and 1.66 years in patients with type 2 clefts. All patients in this study had at least one modified barium swallow (MBS) performed to assess for aspiration. The mean LLMI was significantly higher in patients with type II (mean+/-SEM) 81.8+/-11.9 clefts compared to type I clefts 44.9+/-5.6. CONCLUSIONS We recommend obtaining LLMI in patients with laryngeal cleft. The lipid laden macrophage index is increased in patients with more severe laryngeal clefts, thus potentially predicting those patients whom would most benefit from early surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Kieran
- Center for Aero-Digestive Disorders, Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Henke A, Brigid O, Katz E, Stewart G, Riddick A, Thomson A. 501 Analysis of the contractility of prostatic cancer-associated fibroblasts in a 3D collagen gel contraction assay. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Volkov D, Strack G, Halámek J, Katz E, Sokolov I. Atomic force microscopy study of immunosensor surface to scale down the size of ELISA-type sensors. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:145503. [PMID: 20234083 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/14/145503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the nanoscale mechanics of the molecular layers of a popular immunosensor, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) type. We characterize the sensor surface in terms of brush length and grafting density of the molecular layers. The obtained data demonstrated that a reliable reading of the immunosignal (a suggested dimensionless combination of brush length and grafting density) can be attained from an area as small as approximately 3 microm(2). This is approximately 4 million times smaller compared to typical ELISA sensors. The immunosensor described is composed of a molecular mix of two different antigens. Intriguingly, we find that AFM can reliably distinguish between having the immunosignal from either antibody and from both antibodies together. This was impossible to get by using standard optical detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Volkov
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
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Locca D, Yerly P, Pascale P, Katz E, Monney P, Muller O, Stalder N, Vogt P. [Cardiology 2009: what is new?]. Rev Med Suisse 2010; 6:93-99. [PMID: 20170024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present review provides a selected choice of clinical research in the field of heart failure, electrophysiology, cardiac imaging and interventional cardiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Locca
- Service de cardiologie, Département de médecine, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes latent infection in humans with periodic reactivation. Acyclovir, valacyclovir and foscarnet are in medical use today against HSV type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2), inhibiting the DNA synthesis of the viruses. Additional drugs that will affect the growth of these viruses by other mechanisms and also decrease the frequency of appearance of drug-resistant mutants are required. METHODS Cationic polysaccharides were synthesized by conjugation of various oligoamines to oxidized polysaccharides by reductive amination. Polycations of dextran, pullulan and arabinogalactan were grafted with oligoamines of 2-4 amino groups forming Schiff-base imine-based conjugates followed by reduction with borohydride to obtain the stable amine-based conjugate. Evaluation of toxicity to BS-C-1 cells and antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 of the different compounds was performed in vitro by a semiquantitative assay. A quantitative study with a selected compound followed. RESULTS Structure-activity relationship studies showed that the nature of the grafted oligoamine of the polycation plays an essential role in the antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2. Dextran-propan-1,3-diamine (DPD) was found to be the most potent of all the compounds examined. DPD did not decrease the infectivity of HSV upon direct exposure to the virions. The growth of HSV was significantly inhibited when DPD was added to the host cells 1 h prior to infection, thus preventing the adsorption and penetration of the virus into the cells. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro data warrant clinical investigation. DPD could have an advantage as a topical application in combination therapy of HSV lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Yudovin-Farber
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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Lipovsek M, Franchini L, Katz E, Millar N, Fuchs P, Elgoyhen A. Functional consequences of adaptive evolution of the mammalian α9α10 nicotinic receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Benjamin ER, Flanagan JJ, Schilling A, Chang HH, Agarwal L, Katz E, Wu X, Pine C, Wustman B, Desnick RJ, Lockhart DJ, Valenzano KJ. The pharmacological chaperone 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin increases alpha-galactosidase A levels in Fabry patient cell lines. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32:424-40. [PMID: 19387866 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-1077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A), with consequent accumulation of its major glycosphingolipid substrate, globotriaosylceramide (GL-3). Over 500 Fabry mutations have been reported; approximately 60% are missense. The iminosugar 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ, migalastat hydrochloride, AT1001) is a pharmacological chaperone that selectively binds alpha-Gal A, increasing physical stability, lysosomal trafficking, and cellular activity. To identify DGJ-responsive mutant forms of alpha-Gal A, the effect of DGJ incubation on alpha-Gal A levels was assessed in cultured lymphoblasts from males with Fabry disease representing 75 different missense mutations, one insertion, and one splice-site mutation. Baseline alpha-Gal A levels ranged from 0 to 52% of normal. Increases in alpha-Gal A levels (1.5- to 28-fold) after continuous DGJ incubation for 5 days were seen for 49 different missense mutant forms with varying EC(50) values (820 nmol/L to >1 mmol/L). Amino acid substitutions in responsive forms were located throughout both structural domains of the enzyme. Half of the missense mutant forms associated with classic (early-onset) Fabry disease and a majority (90%) associated with later-onset Fabry disease were responsive. In cultured fibroblasts from males with Fabry disease, the responses to DGJ were comparable to those of lymphoblasts with the same mutation. Importantly, elevated GL-3 levels in responsive Fabry fibroblasts were reduced after DGJ incubation, indicating that increased mutant alpha-Gal A levels can reduce accumulated substrate. These data indicate that DGJ merits further evaluation as a treatment for patients with Fabry disease with various missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Benjamin
- Amicus Therapeutics, 6 Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA.
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Yudovin-Farber I, Gurt I, Hope R, Domb AJ, Katz E. Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus by Polyamines. Antiviral Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Csokmay J, Richter K, Mottla G, Katz E, DeCherney A, Levy M. Subcutaneous recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG SQ) trigger for in-vitro fertilization is associated with decreased oocyte maturity compared to intramuscular purified urinary hCG (uhCG IM). Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Katz E, Faratian D, Bartlett JMS, MacLeod K, Pedersen H, Larionov A, Smith EM, Howell AP, Dixon JM, Evans EE, Langdon SP, Harrison DJ. C35 overexpression defines subsets of human breast cancer and its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif represents a novel treatment target. Breast Cancer Res 2008. [PMCID: PMC3300780 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Johansen-Berg H, Gutman DA, Behrens TEJ, Matthews PM, Rushworth MFS, Katz E, Lozano AM, Mayberg HS. Anatomical connectivity of the subgenual cingulate region targeted with deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Cereb Cortex 2007; 18:1374-83. [PMID: 17928332 PMCID: PMC7610815 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhm167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) of subgenual cingulate white matter results in dramatic remission of symptoms in some previously treatment-resistant depression patients. The effects of stimulation may be mediated locally or via corticocortical or corticosubcortical connections. We use tractography to define the likely connectivity of cingulate regions stimulated in DBS-responsive patients using diffusion imaging data acquired in healthy control subjects. We defined 2 distinct regions within anterior cingulate cortex based on anatomical connectivity: a pregenual region strongly connected to medial prefrontal and anterior midcingulate cortex and a subgenual region with strongest connections to nucleus accumbens, amygdala, hypothalamus, and orbitofrontal cortex. The location of electrode contact points from 9 patients successfully treated with DBS lies within this subgenual region. The anatomical connectivity of the subgenual cingulate region targeted with DBS for depression supports the hypothesis that treatment efficacy is mediated via effects on a distributed network of frontal, limbic, and visceromotor brain regions. At present, targeting of DBS for depression is based on landmarks visible in conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Preoperatively acquired diffusion imaging for connectivity-based cortical mapping could improve neurosurgical targeting. We hypothesize that the subgenual region with greatest connectivity across the distributed network described here may prove most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Johansen-Berg
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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Katz E, Fon M, Lee YJ, Phinney BS, Sadka A, Blumwald E. The citrus fruit proteome: insights into citrus fruit metabolism. Planta 2007; 226:989-1005. [PMID: 17541628 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-007-0545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Accepted: 05/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fruit development and ripening are key processes in the production of the phytonutrients that are essential for a balanced diet and for disease prevention. The pathways involved in these processes are unique to plants and vary between species. Climacteric fruit ripening, especially in tomato, has been extensively studied; yet, ripening of non-climacteric fruit is poorly understood. Although the different species share common pathways; developmental programs, physiological, anatomical, biochemical composition and structural differences must contribute to the operation of unique pathways, genes and proteins. Citrus has a non-climacteric fruit ripening behavior and has a unique anatomical fruit structure. For the last few years a citrus genome-wide ESTs project has been initiated and consists of 222,911 clones corresponding to 19,854 contigs and 37,138 singletons. Taking advantage of the citrus database we analyzed the citrus proteome. Using LC-MS/MS we analyzed soluble and enriched membrane fractions of mature citrus fruit to identify the proteome of fruit juice cells. We have identified ca. 1,400 proteins from these fractions by searching NCBI-nr (green plants) and citrus ESTs databases, classified these proteins according to their putative function and assigned function according to known biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Thurman R, Katz E, Kaiyalaski E, Carter W, McCoin N, Han J. Estimating the Incidence of Unethical Recruiting Practices and Illegal Questioning by Emergency Medicine Residency Programs in the Resident Recruitment Process. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Katz E, Metzger JT, Sierro C, Mischler C, Fishman D, Kappenberg L. [Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology and modern therapy]. Rev Med Suisse 2007; 3:302-7. [PMID: 17319402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) has become an important public health challenge in the Western World. In Switzerland near 10,000 people suffer each year from SCD. The survival from SCD to hospital discharge is discouraging (near 5%). Large majority of events occur unexpectedly in the out-of-hospital environment and are not predicted with great accuracy by risk profiling. Because the majority of SCD occur by the mechanism of ventricular fibrillation, community-based defibrillation strategies have emerged as one approach to SCD problem. Newer strategies of defibrillation designed to respond faster to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, including public access defibrillation, as well as aggressive primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease appears as the best approach for successful management of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Katz
- Service de cardiologie, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne.
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Charity JC, Katz E, Moss B. Amino acid substitutions at multiple sites within the vaccinia virus D13 scaffold protein confer resistance to rifampicin. Virology 2006; 359:227-32. [PMID: 17055024 PMCID: PMC1817899 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2006] [Revised: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
D13 protein trimers, which form an external lattice providing curvature to the membrane of vaccinia virus immature virions, are the target of the drug rifampicin. We obtained 63 rifampicin-resistant mutants following random PCR mutagenesis of the D13L gene and 5 that arose spontaneously. Sequencing indicated that 26 mutants contained a single, unique, amino acid substitution whereas others contained 2 or more. The single mutations, including 6 previously identified, mapped to 24 different amino acids that were distributed over the length of the protein with the majority clustered between amino acids 17 to 33, 222 to 243 and 480 to 488. Two or three different substitutions occurred in six of the 24 amino acids. Representative mutant viruses of each cluster replicated to wild-type levels in the absence of rifampicin and nearly two logs higher than wild-type in the presence of drug. The large number and fitness of the mutations are remarkable in view of the extreme sequence conservation (99-100% amino acid identity amongst all orthopoxviruses). Clustering of mutations could suggest the presence of a rifampicin-binding pocket comprised of discontinuous regions of D13.
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O'Neill S, Greenberg RK, Haddad F, Resch T, Sereika J, Katz E. A Prospective Analysis of Fenestrated Endovascular Grafting: Intermediate-term Outcomes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 32:115-23. [PMID: 16580236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the intermediate-term outcomes following fenestrated grafting for juxtarenal aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective trial was conducted on patients with short proximal necks, who were considered to be high-risk for open repair and unacceptable for conventional endovascular repair. Devices were designed from reconstructed CT data. Follow-up studies included CT, duplex ultrasound, and KUB and occurred at hospital discharge, 1, 6, and 12 months and annually thereafter. RESULTS One hundred and nineteen patients were treated (2001-2005). Mean age and aneurysm size were 75 years and 65 mm, respectively, and 82% were male. A total of 302 visceral vessels were inferior to the fabric seal (a mean of 2.5 vessels per patient), with the most common design incorporating two renal arteries and the SMA (58%). All prostheses were implanted successfully without any acute visceral artery loss. The mean follow-up was 19 months (0-42 months). One patient died within 30 days of device implantation. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival at 1, 12, 24, and 36 months are 0.99, 0.92, 0.83 and 0.79. There were no ruptures or conversions. Pre-discharge imaging noted 11 type I and type III endoleaks. The 30-day endoleak rate was 10% (all type II). Aneurysm sac size decreased (>5 mm) in 51, 79 and 77% at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. One patient had sac enlargement within the first year, associated with a persistent type II endoleak. In-stent stenoses occurred in 12 renal arteries and one SMA. Six renal arteries and the SMA stenosis were treated and two renal stenoses are awaiting treatment. Ten of 231 stented renal arteries occluded (three prior to discharge), one of which was recanalized. One component separation was treated with an extension at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS The placement of endovascular prostheses with graft material incorporating the visceral arteries is safe and appears to be effective at preventing rupture. Continued follow-up to assess the long-term benefit, aneurysm sac behavior and effect of stenting upon the visceral ostia remains critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Neill
- The Department of Vascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Abstract
Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) are involved in the transduction of signals necessary for activation, differentiation, and survival in hematopoietic cells. Several viruses have been shown to encode ITAM-containing transmembrane proteins. Although expression of these viral proteins has in some cases been shown to transform nonhematopoietic cells, a causal role for a functional ITAM in this process has not been elucidated. To examine the potential transforming properties of ITAM-containing proteins, a recombinant protein consisting of ITAM-containing cytoplasmic regions of the B-cell antigen receptor was expressed in immortalized murine mammary epithelial and fibroblast cells. Mammary epithelial cells expressing this construct exhibited depolarized morphology in three-dimensional cultures. This transformed phenotype was characterized by a loss of anchorage dependence and hallmarks of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Fibroblasts expressing this ITAM construct also lost contact inhibition and anchorage dependence. The transformed phenotype seen in both cell types was abrogated upon tyrosine to phenylalanine substitutions of the ITAMs. Inhibition of Syk tyrosine kinase, which associates with the ITAM, also prevented cell transformation. Our results indicate that expression of a nonviral ITAM-containing protein is sufficient for cell transformation. Despite lacking intrinsic enzymatic activity, ITAM-containing proteins can function as potent oncoproteins by scaffolding downstream mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Grande
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Goss WA, Katz E, Waksman SA. CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF AN ACTINOMYCIN COMPLEX DURING GROWTH OF A STREPTOMYCES CULTURE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 42:10-2. [PMID: 16589805 PMCID: PMC534222 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.42.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W A Goss
- INSTITUTE OF MICROBIOLOGY, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY, NEW BRUNSWICK
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Waksman
- INSTITUTE OF MICROBIOLOGY, RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY, NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY
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Abdalrhman I, Gurt I, Katz E. Protection induced in mice against a lethal orthopox virus by the Lister strain of vaccinia virus and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA). Vaccine 2006; 24:4152-60. [PMID: 16603280 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Revised: 01/26/2006] [Accepted: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Lister (Elstree) strain of vaccinia virus, used in Israel for vaccination against smallpox, was studied in tissue cultures and in a mouse model. The virus failed to reach the brain of the mice when inoculated intranasally at a dose of 500,000 plaque forming units, but was lethal for 50% of them, when injected intracranially. Lower doses of virus injected intracranially caused some weight loss initially, but later the mice completely recovered. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), when infected intranasally, did not spread beyond the lungs to other organs of the mice. Even when the mice were inoculated with MVA intracranially, they were not affected. Significant protection against a lethal dose of an orthopoxvirus was obtained in mice following immunization with the Lister strain, while larger doses and repeated vaccination procedure, were required with MVA. The Lister virus stock applied in Israel, was found to be heterogeneous in its plaque morphology. Two variants isolated from it, showed significant attenuation for mice, when inoculated intranasally and intracranially, as compared to a third variant and to the unpurified stock of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Abdalrhman
- Department of Virology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Gurt I, Abdalrhman I, Katz E. Pathogenicity and immunogenicity in mice of vaccinia viruses mutated in the viral envelope proteins A33R and B5R. Antiviral Res 2005; 69:158-64. [PMID: 16406098 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2005.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Revised: 11/24/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenicity and immunogenicity in mice of WR.cl and WR.c3, two mutants of the Western Reserve (WR) strain of vaccinia virus, mutated in the A33R and B5R proteins of the outer envelope of the virus, respectively, were studied. WR.c1 was the most attenuated virus, WR.c3 was somewhat more pathogenic, while WR was the most virulent of the three. While the WR and the WR.c3 viruses, intranasally inoculated into mice, spread efficiently to the different internal organs of the animal, including the brain, WR.c1 was restricted to the lungs only. Mice, intranasally infected with 500 plaque forming units of the WR, WR.c1, or WR.c3 viruses, were protected against infection with a lethal dose of the WR strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gurt
- Department of Virology, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Chao S, Barnett G, Toms S, Vogelbaum M, Neyman G, Katz E, Reuther A, Suh J. Salvage Stereotactic Radiosurgery Effectively Treats Recurrences From Whole Brain Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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