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Wittmann D, Mehta A, McCaughan E, Faraday M, Duby A, Matthew A, Incrocci L, Burnett A, Nelson CJ, Elliott S, Koontz BF, Bober SL, McLeod D, Capogrosso P, Yap T, Higano C, Loeb S, Capellari E, Glodé M, Goltz H, Howell D, Kirby M, Bennett N, Trost L, Odiyo Ouma P, Wang R, Salter C, Skolarus TA, McPhail J, McPhail S, Brandon J, Northouse LL, Paich K, Pollack CE, Shifferd J, Erickson K, Mulhall JP. Guidelines for Sexual Health Care for Prostate Cancer Patients: Recommendations of an International Panel. J Sex Med 2022; 19:1655-1669. [PMID: 36192299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.08.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with prostate cancer suffer significant sexual dysfunction after treatment which negatively affects them and their partners psychologically, and strain their relationships. AIM We convened an international panel with the aim of developing guidelines that will inform clinicians, patients and partners about the impact of prostate cancer therapies (PCT) on patients' and partners' sexual health, their relationships, and about biopsychosocial rehabilitation in prostate cancer (PC) survivorship. METHODS The guidelines panel included international expert researchers and clinicians, and a guideline methodologist. A systematic review of the literature, using the Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, PsychINFO, LGBT Life, and Embase databases was conducted (1995-2022) according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Study selection was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Each statement was assigned an evidence strength (A-C) and a recommendation level (strong, moderate, conditional) based on benefit/risk assessment, according to the nomenclature of the American Urological Association (AUA). Data synthesis included meta-analyses of studies deemed of sufficient quality (3), using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). OUTCOMES Guidelines for sexual health care for patients with prostate cancer were developed, based on available evidence and the expertise of the international panel. RESULTS The guidelines account for patients' cultural, ethnic, and racial diversity. They attend to the unique needs of individuals with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities. The guidelines are based on literature review, a theoretical model of sexual recovery after PCT, and 6 principles that promote clinician-initiated discussion of realistic expectations of sexual outcomes and mitigation of sexual side-effects through biopsychosocial rehabilitation. Forty-seven statements address the psychosexual, relationship, and functional domains in addition to statements on lifestyle modification, assessment, provider education, and systemic challenges to providing sexual health care in PC survivorship. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The guidelines provide clinicians with a comprehensive approach to sexual health care for patients with prostate cancer. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS The strength of the study is the comprehensive evaluation of existing evidence on sexual dysfunction and rehabilitation in prostate cancer that can, along with available expert knowledge, best undergird clinical practice. Limitation is the variation in the evidence supporting interventions and the lack of research on issues facing patients with prostate cancer in low and middle-income countries. CONCLUSION The guidelines document the distressing sexual sequelae of PCT, provide evidence-based recommendations for sexual rehabilitation and outline areas for future research. Wittmann D, Mehta A, McCaughan E, et al. Guidelines for Sexual Health Care for Prostate Cancer Patients: Recommendations of an International Panel. J Sex Med 2022;19:1655-1669.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wittmann
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Akanksha Mehta
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- In Memoriam, Ulster University School of Nursing, County Londonderry, Colraine, UK
| | | | - Ashley Duby
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew Matthew
- Adult Psychiatry and Health System, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luca Incrocci
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur Burnett
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christian J Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacy Elliott
- Departments of Psychiatry and Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Sharon L Bober
- Department of Psychiatry, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah McLeod
- School of Nursing, NS Health Authority and Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Department of Urology, Ciircolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Lombardy, Italy
| | - Tet Yap
- Department of Urology, Guys & St Thomas' Hospital, City of London, London, UK
| | - Celestia Higano
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stacy Loeb
- Department of Urology at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Capellari
- Taubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Glodé
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather Goltz
- School of Social Work, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Doug Howell
- Patient with Lived Experience, Keaau, HI, USA
| | - Michael Kirby
- Faculty of the Health and Human Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Nelson Bennett
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Landon Trost
- Department of Urology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA; Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Run Wang
- Department of Surgery-Urology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Urology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carolyn Salter
- Department of Urology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Ted A Skolarus
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; VA Health Services Research & Development, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John McPhail
- Patient and Partner with Lived Experience, Okemos, MI, USA
| | - Susan McPhail
- Patient and Partner with Lived Experience, Okemos, MI, USA
| | - Jan Brandon
- Partner with Lived Experience, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Kellie Paich
- Clinical Quality and Survivorship, Movember Foundation, Culver City, CA, USA
| | - Craig E Pollack
- Department of Health Policy Management, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jen Shifferd
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Medicine, Michigan Medicine Therapy Services, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kim Erickson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Medicine, Michigan Medicine Therapy Services, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John P Mulhall
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Bamidele OO, McCaughan E. A constructivist grounded theory study on decision-making for treatment choice among Black African and Black Caribbean prostate cancer survivors. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2021; 31:e13516. [PMID: 34632651 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite Black African (BA) and Black Caribbean (BC) men having a disproportionately high risk (1 in 4) of developing prostate cancer (CaP), there is limited understanding of their decision-making for treatment choice. This study explored decision-making for treatment choice among BA/BC men treated for CaP. METHODS Using constructivist grounded theory, face-to-face, Skype and telephone interviews were conducted with 25 Black men (8 BA, 17 BC) recruited in England between October 2016 and March 2018. Data were analysed using constant comparison until saturation was achieved. RESULTS Data analysis yielded three broad categories: 'coming to terms with the prostate cancer diagnosis', 'getting empowerment through information-seeking' and 'choosing a treatment option'. Priority for survival substantially motivated BA/BC men to take up radical treatment for their CaP. However, decision-making for a particular treatment option was a more complex process which was shaped by an intersection between biological, behavioural, medical, personal and cultural factors. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare providers need to consider the complexity of decision-making process for CaP treatment among BA/BC men and tailor cancer care services to reflect cultural sensitivity and person-centredness. This could potentially minimise treatment decision regrets and improve men's psychological wellbeing along the CaP survivorship pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufikayo O Bamidele
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Jordanstown, UK.,Institute of Clinical and Applied Health Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Watson E, Wilding S, Matheson L, Brett J, McCaughan E, Downing A, Wright P, Cross W, Selby P, Butcher H, Glaser A, Gavin A, Wagland R. Experiences of Support for Sexual Dysfunction in Men With Prostate Cancer: Findings From a U.K.-Wide Mixed Methods Study. J Sex Med 2021; 18:515-525. [PMID: 33642238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men with prostate cancer (PCa) often experience sexual dysfunction following diagnosis and treatment, yet little is known about the support they receive to deal with this. AIM To explore men's experiences of support for sexual dysfunction following PCa diagnosis. METHODS This study included a U.K.-wide survey of men 18-42 months post-diagnosis of PCa, identified through cancer registries. The survey measured sexual function and the extent to which men perceived sexual dysfunction to be a problem (Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26), access to and experience of medications, devices, and specialist services for sexual dysfunction, and included a free-text question for further comments. Analysis focussed on men who reported poor sexual function, which they considered a moderate or big problem. Descriptive statistics explored the characteristics of men offered intervention and those that found this helpful. Free-text responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. OUTCOME The main outcome of this study was to assess access to and experience of medications, devices, and specialist services for sexual dysfunction. RESULTS 39.0% of all survey respondents (13,978/35,823) reported poor sexual function, which they considered a moderate or big problem. 51.7% of these men were not offered any intervention to aid sexual functioning. 71.9% of those offered an intervention reported trying it, of whom 48.7% found the intervention helpful. Men treated with surgery or brachytherapy were most likely to be offered an intervention. Medication was the most commonly offered intervention and 39.3% of those who tried medication found this helpful. Although offered less often, approximately half of the men who tried devices or attended specialist services found the intervention helpful. Free-text responses indicated that barriers to accessing support included inadequate information and support from healthcare professionals, embarrassment, negative views about treatment options, concerns about side effects and safety, and inconsistencies between secondary and primary care. Barriers to continuing use included limited effectiveness of treatments, inadequate ongoing support, and funding constraints. Drivers of sexual recovery included patient proactivity and persistence with trying different treatment options and ongoing support from health professionals. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS There is an urgent need to ensure that all men are offered, and have equal access to, sexual care support, with referral to specialist services when required. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This study presents data from a large, U.K.-wide, population-based study of men with PCa and includes quantitative and qualitative findings. The possibility of non-response bias should, however, be considered. CONCLUSION There are significant shortcomings in the support offered to U.K. men with sexual dysfunction following diagnosis and treatment for PCa which need to be addressed. Watson E, Wilding S, Matheson L, et al. Experiences of Support for Sexual Dysfunction in Men With Prostate Cancer: Findings From a U.K.-Wide Mixed Methods Study. J Sex Med 2021;18:515-525.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eila Watson
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sarah Wilding
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lauren Matheson
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jo Brett
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, N.Ireland, UK
| | - Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Penny Wright
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Peter Selby
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Hugh Butcher
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Adam Glaser
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Anna Gavin
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Richard Wagland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Semple CJ, McCaughan E. Developing and testing a theory-driven e-learning intervention to equip healthcare professionals to communicate with parents impacted by parental cancer. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2019; 41:126-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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McCaughan E, O'Connor S, Flannagan C, Maguire R, Connaghan J, Bamidele O, Ellis S, Steele M, Wittmann D, Thompson S, Jain S, Kirby M, Brady N, Parahoo K. 050 Maximising Sexual Wellbeing after diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Developing and Testing Support Resources: A Global Approach. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Downing A, Wright P, Hounsome L, Selby P, Wilding S, Watson E, Wagland R, Kind P, Donnelly DW, Butcher H, Catto JWF, Cross W, Mason M, Sharp L, Weller D, Velikova G, McCaughan E, Mottram R, Allen M, Kearney T, McSorley O, Huws DW, Brewster DH, McNair E, Gavin A, Glaser AW. Quality of life in men living with advanced and localised prostate cancer in the UK: a population-based study. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:436-447. [PMID: 30713036 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of men living with advanced prostate cancer. We report population-wide functional outcomes and HRQOL in men with all stages of prostate cancer and identify implications for health-care delivery. METHODS For this population-based study, men in the UK living 18-42 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer were identified through cancer registration data. A postal survey was administered, which contained validated measures to assess functional outcomes (urinary incontinence, urinary irritation and obstruction, bowel, sexual, and vitality and hormonal function), measured with the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite short form (EPIC-26), plus questions about use of interventions for sexual dysfunction) and generic HRQOL (assessed with the 5-level EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire [EQ-5D-5L] measuring mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain or discomfort, and anxiety or depression, plus a rating of self-assessed health). Log-linear and binary logistic regression models were used to compare functional outcomes and HRQOL across diagnostic stages and self-reported treatment groups. Each model included adjustment for age, socioeconomic deprivation, and number of other long-term conditions. FINDINGS 35 823 (60·8%) of 58 930 men responded to the survey. Disease stage was known for 30 733 (85·8%) of 35 823 men; 19 599 (63·8%) had stage I or II, 7209 (23·4%) stage III, and 3925 (12·8%) stage IV disease. Mean adjusted EPIC-26 domain scores were high, indicating good function, except for sexual function, for which scores were much lower. Compared with men who did not receive androgen deprivation therapy, more men who received the therapy reported moderate to big problems with hot flushes (30·7% [95% CI 29·8-31·6] vs 5·4% [5·0-5·8]), low energy (29·4% [95% CI 28·6-30·3] vs 14·7% [14·2-15·3]), and weight gain (22·5%, 21·7-23·3) vs 6·9% [6·5-7·3]). Poor sexual function was common (81·0%; 95% CI 80·6-81·5), regardless of stage, and more than half of men (n=18 782 [55·8%]) were not offered any intervention to help with this condition. Overall, self-assessed health was similar in men with stage I-III disease, and although slightly reduced in those with stage IV cancer, 23·5% of men with metastatic disease reported no problems on any EQ-5D dimension. INTERPRETATION Men diagnosed with advanced disease do not report substantially different HRQOL outcomes to those diagnosed with localised disease, although considerable problems with hormonal function and fatigue are reported in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Sexual dysfunction is common and most men are not offered helpful intervention or support. Service improvements around sexual rehabilitation and measures to reduce the effects of androgen deprivation therapy are required. FUNDING The Movember Foundation, in partnership with Prostate Cancer UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Penny Wright
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Luke Hounsome
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Selby
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Wilding
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eila Watson
- Department of Midwifery, Community and Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Wagland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Kind
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David W Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Hugh Butcher
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - James W F Catto
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Malcolm Mason
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Linda Sharp
- Institute for Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Weller
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Galina Velikova
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Rebecca Mottram
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Majorie Allen
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Therese Kearney
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Oonagh McSorley
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Dyfed W Huws
- Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - David H Brewster
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma McNair
- Information Services Division, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna Gavin
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Adam W Glaser
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Donnelly DW, Kearney T, McCaughan E, Downing A, Weller D, Glaser AW, Gavin A. Treatment for erectile dysfunction among older men in Northern Ireland. Int J Clin Pract 2019; 73:e13259. [PMID: 30222241 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erectile dysfunction is common among older men; however, diagnosis and treatment compared to reported prevalence is low. We aim to identify the degree to which older men are offered treatment for the condition and determine the level of unmet need within Northern Ireland (NI). METHODOLOGY Analysis of data collected using a cross-sectional survey was conducted for men aged ≥60 years with data weighted to the NI population by age and deprivation. Respondents answered questions on sociodemographic factors, health-related characteristics, ability to function sexually, level of sexual interest and activity, and any treatment offered to improve erections in the last 3 years. Results are presented as proportions reporting treatment receipt, with differences by respondent characteristics assessed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Among 2597 respondents, 46.5% reported erectile dysfunction. One quarter (25.8%) recalled being offered either medication, devices, or specialised services to improve erections. The offer of treatment was associated with younger age, being separated or divorced, higher number of long-term conditions, and greater interest in sex. Of men reporting erectile dysfunction and offered medication, 28.8% found them helpful and currently use them. CONCLUSIONS As a result of not being offered treatment or not finding treatment useful, 93% of men reporting erectile dysfunction have no help with the condition. This is a likely consequence of treatment availability through the NHS in NI, but also suggests that healthcare professionals need to engage more proactively with older men, discussing sexual health routinely and following up those treated for the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Therese Kearney
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David Weller
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adam W Glaser
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Anna Gavin
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Bamidele OO, E McGarvey H, Lagan BM, Chinegwundoh F, Ali N, McCaughan E. "Hard to reach, but not out of reach": Barriers and facilitators to recruiting Black African and Black Caribbean men with prostate cancer and their partners into qualitative research. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2018; 28:e12977. [PMID: 30548713 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Access and recruitment barriers may have contributed to the underrepresentation of Black African/Caribbean men and their partners in current psychosocial research related to prostate cancer survivors. Whilst some studies have explored recruitment barriers and facilitators from participants' perspectives, little is known from researchers' point of view. This paper aimed to address this gap in the literature. Recruitment strategies included the following: cancer support groups, researchers' networks, media advertisement, religious organisations, National Health Service hospitals and snowball sampling. Thirty-six eligible participants (men = 25, partners = 11) were recruited into the study. Recruitment barriers comprised of gate-keeping and advertisement issues and the stigma associated with prostate cancer disclosure. Facilitators which aided recruitment included collaborating with National Health Service hospitals, snowball sampling, flexible data collection, building rapport with participants to gain their trust and researcher's attributes. Findings highlight that "hard to reach" Black African/Caribbean populations may be more accessible if researchers adopt flexible but strategic and culturally sensitive recruitment approaches. Such approaches should consider perceptions of stigma associated with prostate cancer within these communities and the influence gatekeepers can have in controlling access to potential participants. Increased engagement with healthcare professionals and gatekeepers could facilitate better access to Black African/Caribbean populations so that their voices can be heard and their specific needs addressed within the healthcare agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Briege M Lagan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Jordanstown, UK
| | - Frank Chinegwundoh
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,School of Health Sciences: City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Nasreen Ali
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Semple C, McCaughan E. Developing and testing a theory-based e-learning intervention to enhance healthcare professional’s self-efficacy when supporting parents newly diagnosed with cancer who have dependent children. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy276.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bamidele O, Lagan BM, McGarvey H, Wittmann D, McCaughan E. "…It might not have occurred to my husband that this woman, his wife who is taking care of him has some emotional needs as well…": the unheard voices of partners of Black African and Black Caribbean men with prostate cancer. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:1089-1097. [PMID: 30112723 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence suggests that partners of men with prostate cancer (CaP) experience greater psychosocial distress compared with men themselves. However, the experiences of partners of high-risk (1 in 4) Black African (BA) and Black Caribbean (BC) men with CaP remain poorly understood as existing research has predominantly focused on Caucasian populations. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring partners' experience and support needs as influenced both by the specific impacts of CaP, treatment side effects and socio-cultural context. METHODS Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, eight face-to-face, two Skype and one telephone interviews were conducted with eligible partners (n = 11). The interviews were analysed using constant comparison following key stages of open, focused and theoretical coding. RESULTS Three broad categories emerged which described participants' experiences: 'partner in the passenger seat', 'care-giving on an isolating journey', and 'coping as a partner'. Findings showed that BA and BC cultural marital context influenced how partners experienced and traversed the CaP journey. Peripheral involvement in decision-making, communication restrictions, limited access to support and lack of recognition for their experiences and needs further contributed to partners' psychological and emotional distress. CONCLUSIONS Cultural beliefs, behaviours and values should be taken into account when developing psychosocial support for partners and their men with CaP. Specifically providing information focused on partners and including them in the CaP care pathway could help ensure that partners' needs are recognised and improve marital communications. This could potentially help partners and their men to identify acceptable ways of supporting each other throughout the CaP experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Bamidele
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - B M Lagan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - H McGarvey
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - D Wittmann
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg. 16, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA
| | - E McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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Donnelly DW, Donnelly C, Kearney T, Weller D, Sharp L, Downing A, Wilding S, Wright P, Kind P, Catto JWF, Cross WR, Mason MD, McCaughan E, Wagland R, Watson E, Mottram R, Allen M, Butcher H, Hounsome L, Selby P, Huws D, Brewster DH, McNair E, Rivas C, Nayoan J, Horton M, Matheson L, Glaser AW, Gavin A. Urinary, bowel and sexual health in older men from Northern Ireland. BJU Int 2018; 122:845-857. [PMID: 29489050 PMCID: PMC6220963 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To provide data on the prevalence of urinary, bowel and sexual dysfunction in Northern Ireland (NI), to act as a baseline for studies of prostate cancer outcomes and to aid service provision within the general population. Subjects and Methods A cross‐sectional postal survey of 10 000 men aged ≥40 years in NI was conducted and age‐matched to the distribution of men living with prostate cancer. The EuroQoL five Dimensions five Levels (EQ‐5D‐5L) and 26‐item Expanded Prostate Cancer Composite (EPIC‐26) instruments were used to enable comparisons with prostate cancer outcome studies. Whilst representative of the prostate cancer survivor population, the age‐distribution of the sample differs from the general population, thus data were generalised to the NI population by excluding those aged 40–59 years and applying survey weights. Results are presented as proportions reporting problems along with mean composite scores, with differences by respondent characteristics assessed using chi‐squared tests, analysis of variance, and multivariable log‐linear regression. Results Amongst men aged ≥60 years, 32.8% reported sexual dysfunction, 9.3% urinary dysfunction, and 6.5% bowel dysfunction. In all, 38.1% reported at least one problem and 2.1% all three. Worse outcome was associated with increasing number of long‐term conditions, low physical activity, and higher body mass index (BMI). Urinary incontinence, urinary irritation/obstruction, and sexual dysfunction increased with age; whilst urinary incontinence, bowel, and sexual dysfunction were more common among the unemployed. Conclusion These data provide an insight into sensitive issues seldom reported by elderly men, which result in poor general health, but could be addressed given adequate service provision. The relationship between these problems, raised BMI and low physical activity offers the prospect of additional health gain by addressing public health issues such as obesity. The results provide essential contemporary population data against which outcomes for those living with prostate cancer can be compared. They will facilitate greater understanding of the true impact of specific treatments such as surgical interventions, pelvic radiation or androgen‐deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Therese Kearney
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David Weller
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda Sharp
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Wilding
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Penny Wright
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Kind
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - James W F Catto
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - William R Cross
- Department of Urology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Malcolm D Mason
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Velindre Hospital, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Richard Wagland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eila Watson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Mottram
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Majorie Allen
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hugh Butcher
- Yorkshire Cancer Patient Forum, c/o Strategic Clinical Network and Senate, Yorkshire and The Humber, Harrogate, UK
| | - Luke Hounsome
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Selby
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Dyfed Huws
- Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, Cardiff, UK
| | - David H Brewster
- Information Services Division, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma McNair
- Information Services Division, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carol Rivas
- Department of Social Science, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Johana Nayoan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mike Horton
- Psychometric Laboratory for Health Sciences, Academic Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lauren Matheson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam W Glaser
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology/Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Anna Gavin
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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12
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Semple C, Lannon D, Qudairat E, McCaughan E, McCormac R. Development and evaluation of a holistic surgical head and neck cancer post-treatment follow-up clinic using touchscreen technology-Feasibility study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2018; 27:e12809. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.J. Semple
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust; Ulster Hospital; Belfast UK
- Institute of Nursing Research; Ulster University; Coleraine UK
| | - D. Lannon
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust; Ulster Hospital; Belfast UK
| | - E. Qudairat
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust; Ulster Hospital; Belfast UK
| | - E. McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research; Ulster University; Coleraine UK
| | - R. McCormac
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust; Ulster Hospital; Belfast UK
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13
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McCaughan E, Curran C, Northouse L, Parahoo K. Evaluating a psychosocial intervention for men with prostate cancer and their partners: Outcomes and lessons learned from a randomized controlled trial. Appl Nurs Res 2018; 40:143-151. [PMID: 29579490 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated the process and outcome of a psychosocial intervention for men with prostate cancer and their partners. As more men survive prostate cancer, they and their partners need help and support to help them cope with the physical and psychosocial effects of the disease and treatment. There is a lack of psychosocial interventions for men with prostate cancer and their partners. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 34 participants to measure the effects of the intervention on selected psychosocial outcomes, post-intervention and at one month' follow-up. The nine-week program (CONNECT) consisted of three group and two telephone sessions. It focused on symptom management, sexual dysfunction, uncertainty management, positive thinking and couple communication. The outcomes, measured by validated tools were: self-efficacy, quality of life, symptom distress, communication, uncertainty and illness benefits. RESULTS The men in the intervention group did better on two outcomes (communication and support) than controls. Partners in the intervention group did better than controls on most outcomes. Less participants than expected participated in the trial. The reasons for non-participation included partners not wishing to participate, men not interested in group work, and not understanding the core purpose of the intervention. The cost of training facilitators and for delivering the intervention appeared to be low. CONCLUSION The knowledge generated from this study will be beneficial for all those grappling with the challenges of developing, implementing and evaluating complex psychosocial interventions. This study has also highlighted the difficulties in recruiting men and their partners in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK.
| | - Carol Curran
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK.
| | | | - Kader Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK.
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Bamidele O, McGarvey H, Lagan B, Ali N, Chinegwundoh MBE F, Parahoo K, McCaughan E. Life after prostate cancer: A systematic literature review and thematic synthesis of the post-treatment experiences of Black African and Black Caribbean men. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 27. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Bamidele
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Jordanstown UK
| | - H. McGarvey
- School of Nursing; Ulster University; Londonderry UK
| | - B.M. Lagan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Jordanstown UK
| | - N. Ali
- Institute of Health Research; University of Bedfordshire; Luton UK
| | - F. Chinegwundoh MBE
- Barts Health NHS Trust; London UK
- City, University of London; School of Health Sciences; London UK
| | - K. Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Coleraine UK
| | - E. McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Coleraine UK
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherith Semple
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, and Honorary fellow at Ulster University, Northern Ireland
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16
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival rates for women with a diagnosis of breast cancer continue to improve. However, some women may experience physical, psychological and emotional effects post diagnosis, throughout treatment and beyond. Support groups can provide opportunities for people to share their experiences and learn from others. As the number of online support groups increases, more and more women with breast cancer will likely access them. OBJECTIVES To assess effects of online support groups on the emotional distress, uncertainty, anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL) of women with breast cancer. SEARCH METHODS We searched for trials in the Cochrane Breast Cancer Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2016, Issue 4), MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO on 2 May 2016, and we handsearched journals and reference lists. We also searched the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) search portal and clinicaltrials.gov on 2 May 2016. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing effects of online support groups on women with a diagnosis of breast cancer and women who have completed breast cancer treatment. We included studies comparing online support groups with a usual care group, and studies comparing two or more types of online support groups (without a usual care group). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We presented outcome data using mean differences (MDs) and standardised mean differences (SMDs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and we used the fixed-effect model when appropriate. We assessed the quality of the body of evidence using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included six studies (492 women) that assessed online support groups for women with breast cancer. Online support groups in these six trials lasted from six to 30 weeks. Women participated in these groups between 1.5 and 2.5 hours per week, and investigators conducted all studies in the USA. Participants were predominantly white and well educated and were moderate to high earners. Four studies compared an online support group versus a control group, and the other two compared a 'moderated' versus a 'peer-led' online support group, and a 'standard' versus an 'enhanced' online support group, respectively.None of the included studies measured 'emotional distress' or uncertainty. One study (78 women) for which data for analysis were missing reported no positive effects of online support on 'distress' and 'cancer-specific distress' versus support provided by a control group. Two studies measured anxiety: One study (72 women) found no difference in anxiety at the end of the intervention between the online support group and the control group (MD -0.40, 95% CI -6.42 to 5.62; low-quality evidence), and the second study (184 women) reported a reduction in anxiety levels at the end of the intervention when comparing the 'standard' support group (run by participants without prompting from health professionals) versus an 'enhanced' online support group (in which participants were specifically asked by the researcher to respond to one another's need for support).Five studies (414 women) measured depression. Three studies compared depression in the online support group with depression in the control group. Pooled data from two studies (120 women) showed a small to moderate reduction in depression in the online support group compared with control groups at the end of the intervention (SMD -0.37, 95% CI -0.75 to 0.00; very low-quality evidence). The third study, a pilot study (30 women), provided no data for analysis but reported no difference in depression between participants in support and control groups at the end of the intervention. Of the remaining two studies that measured depression, one study (60 women) provided no extractable data for comparison but reported no difference in depressive symptoms between a 'moderated' and a 'peer-led' support group; the other study (184 women) reported greater reduction in depression in the 'standard' support group than in the 'enhanced' online support group.Three studies measured quality of life. One pilot study (30 women) provided limited data for analysis but reported no change in quality of life at the end of the intervention. Only two studies (140 women) provided data for pooling and showed no positive effects on quality of life at four months post intervention compared with controls (SMD -0.11, 95% CI -0.47 to 0.24; very low-quality evidence). At 12 months post intervention, one study (78 women) reported that the intervention group did not attain better quality of life scores than the control group (MD -10.89, 95% CI -20.41 to -1.37; low-quality evidence).We found no data for subgroup analyses on stage of disease, treatment modality and types and doses of interventions. No studies measured adverse effects. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This review did not find the evidence required to show whether participation in online support groups was beneficial for women with breast cancer, because identified trials were small and of low or very low quality. Large, rigorous trials with ethnically and economically diverse participants are needed to provide robust evidence regarding the psychosocial outcomes selected for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Ulster UniversityInstitute of Nursing and Health ResearchColeraineUKBT52 1SA
| | - Kader Parahoo
- Ulster UniversityInstitute of Nursing and Health ResearchColeraineUKBT52 1SA
| | - Irene Hueter
- Columbia UniversityStatistics Department1255 Amsterdam AvenueNew YorkNYUSA10027
| | - Laurel Northouse
- University of MichiganSchool of Nursing400 N.IngallsAnn ArborMichiganUSA48105
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Parahoo K, McKenna S, Prue G, McSorley O, McCaughan E. Facilitators' delivery of a psychosocial intervention in a controlled trial for men with prostate cancer and their partners: a process evaluation. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:1620-1631. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kader Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Coleraine Northern Ireland
| | - Suzanne McKenna
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Newtownabbey Co.Antrim Northern Ireland
| | - Gillian Prue
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast; Medical Biology Centre; Belfast Northern Ireland
| | - Oonagh McSorley
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; Queen's University Belfast; Northern Ireland
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research; Ulster University; Coleraine Northern Ireland
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18
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Blackburn N, Wilson I, McVeigh J, McCaughan E. The extent and impact of musculoskeletal dysfunction on women following breast reconstruction using the latissimus dorsi muscle: A questionnaire survey. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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19
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O'Neill C, McCaughan E, Semple CJ, Ryan A. Fathers' experiences of living with cancer: a phenomenological study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 27. [PMID: 27001026 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a paucity of knowledge about fathers' experiences of cancer. This study explored the experiences of fathers diagnosed and living with cancer while also having parental responsibility for children. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach guided the study. Data were generated through 22 in-depth interviews with 10 fathers throughout Northern Ireland. The findings evidenced that fathers' identities are challenged and frequently re-shaped by the cancer experience, in many cases leading to an improved lifestyle behaviour. Heightened engagement with their children can provide a protective effect from the illness. On the other hand a lack of involvement led to frustration and low mood. The findings also demonstrated that father/child relationships were adversely affected by the social complexities that exist in the variances and diversity of fathers parenting roles and status. This knowledge contributes to our understanding of the complex relationships of fathers in non-traditional roles. It extends our understanding of how, when stereotyped gendered roles are ascribed to fathers it can impact on a fathers' ability to fulfil the traditional breadwinner's role. This is knowledge that will inform health care professionals and enable them to provide gendered-sensitive care that takes account of the masculine psychological responses that can shape the cancer experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O'Neill
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing & Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - C J Semple
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Cancer Services Ulster Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - A Ryan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
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21
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McCaughan E, McKenna S, McSorley O, Parahoo K. The experience and perceptions of men with prostate cancer and their partners of the CONNECT psychosocial intervention: a qualitative exploration. J Adv Nurs 2015; 71:1871-82. [PMID: 25818026 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the experience of prostate cancer survivors and their partners of the CONNECT psychosocial intervention. BACKGROUND There is a scarcity of evidence relating to interventions to help men and their partners cope with the after affects of prostate cancer treatment. DESIGN This study employed a qualitative design for in depth exploration through couple interviews. The addition of a short process evaluation questionnaire was used to supplement the qualitative data. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted between January 2012-October 2012 with a purposive sample of 11 couple dyads who had participated in the CONNECT intervention. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyse the findings from the questionnaire data. RESULTS Couples perceived benefits of participating in the intervention to include: opportunities to share experiences, gain validation, obtain information and engage in couple care. The expertise of the professional facilitator and group dynamics were highlighted as factors influencing the success of the intervention. Potential areas for improvement of the intervention were identified as being: further development of the sexual dysfunction component; incorporation of a partner specific session to better address their needs; determination of optimal delivery format and timing; and further tailoring of the components of the intervention. CONCLUSION Although there were areas that could be further improved, this psychosocial intervention was valued by the participants. The insight gained from this qualitative exploration can be used to make the necessary changes before the intervention can be tested in a large randomised controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Suzanne McKenna
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Oonagh McSorley
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Kader Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
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Parahoo K, McDonough S, McCaughan E, Noyes J, Semple C, Halstead EJ, Neuberger MM, Dahm P. Psychosocial interventions for men with prostate cancer: a Cochrane systematic review. BJU Int 2015; 116:174-83. [PMID: 25429987 DOI: 10.1111/bju.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for men with prostate cancer in improving quality of life (QoL), self-efficacy and knowledge and in reducing distress, uncertainty and depression. We searched for trials using a range of electronic databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO to October 2013, together with hand searching of journals and reference lists. Randomised controlled trials were eligible if they included psychosocial interventions that explicitly used one or a combination of the following approaches: cognitive behavioural, psycho-educational, supportive and counselling. Interventions had to be delivered or facilitated by trained or lay personnel. Our outcomes were an improvement in QoL, self-efficacy and knowledge and a reduction in distress, uncertainty and depression. Pairs of review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We analysed data using standardised mean differences (SMDs), random-effects models and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In all, 19 studies with a total of 3 204 men, with a diagnosis of prostate cancer, comparing psychosocial interventions vs usual care were included in this review. Men in the psychosocial intervention group had a small, statistically significant improvement in the physical component of general health-related QoL (GHQoL) at end of intervention (SMD 0.12, 95% CI 0.01-0.22) based on low quality evidence. There was no clear evidence of benefit associated with psychosocial interventions for the mental component of GHQoL at end of intervention (SMD -0.04, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.06) based on moderate quality evidence. At end of intervention, cancer-related QoL showed a small improvement after psychosocial interventions (SMD 0.21, 95% CI 0.04-0.39). For prostate cancer-specific and symptom-related QoL, the differences between intervention and control groups were not significant. There was no clear evidence that psychosocial interventions were beneficial in improving self-efficacy at end of intervention (SMD 0.16, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.38) based on very low quality evidence. Men in the psychosocial intervention group had a moderate increase in prostate cancer knowledge at end of intervention (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.71) based on very low quality evidence. A small increase in knowledge with psychosocial interventions was noted at 3 months after intervention (SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.04-0.58). The results for uncertainty (SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.26) and distress (SMD 0.02, 95% CI -0.11 to 0.15) at end of intervention were compatible with both benefit and harm based on very low quality evidence. Finally, there was no clear evidence of benefit associated with psychosocial interventions for depression at end of intervention (SMD -0.18, 95% CI -0.51 to 0.15) based on very low quality evidence. The overall risk of bias in the included studies was unclear or high, primarily as the result of performance bias. No data about stage of disease or treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy were extractable for subgroup analysis. Only one study addressed adverse effects. Overall, this review shows that psychosocial interventions may have small, short-term beneficial effects on certain domains of wellbeing, as measured by the physical component of GHQoL and cancer-related QoL when compared with usual care. Prostate cancer knowledge was also increased. However, this review failed to show a statistically significant effect on other domains such as symptom-related QoL, self-efficacy, uncertainty, distress or depression. Moreover, when beneficial effects were seen, it remained uncertain whether the magnitude of effect was large enough to be considered clinically important. The quality of evidence for most outcomes was rated as very low according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system, reflecting study limitations, loss to follow-up, study heterogeneity and small sample sizes. We were unable to perform meaningful subgroup analyses based on disease stage or treatment method. Although some findings of this review are encouraging, they do not provide sufficiently strong evidence to permit meaningful conclusions about the effects of these interventions in men with prostate cancer. Additional well executed and transparently reported research studies are necessary to establish the role of psychosocial interventions in men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kader Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, UK
| | - Suzanne McDonough
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, UK
| | - Jane Noyes
- Centre for Health-Related Research, Bangor University Fron Heulog, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK
| | - Cherith Semple
- Cancer Services, South Eastern Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Halstead
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University Fron Heulog, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK
| | | | - Philipp Dahm
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Winder RJ, Ruddock A, Hendren K, O’Neill P, Boyd LA, McCaughan E, McIntosh SA. The establishment of a 3D breast photography service in medical illustration. J Vis Commun Med 2014; 37:28-35. [DOI: 10.3109/17453054.2014.911151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Jeffers L, Morrison PJ, McCaughan E, Fitzsimons D. Maximising survival: the main concern of women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer who undergo genetic testing for BRCA1/2. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2014; 18:411-8. [PMID: 24731853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about how women with hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer who test positive for a BRCA gene manage the impact of a positive test result on their everyday lives and in the longer term. This study defined the experience and needs of women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and a positive BRCA test over time. METHODS A grounded theory approach was taken using qualitative interviews (n = 49) and reflective diaries. Data collected from December 2006 until March 2010 was analysed using the constant comparative technique to trace the development of how women manage their concerns of inherited cancer. RESULTS A four stage substantive theory of maximising survival was generated that defines the experience of women and how they resolve their main concerns. The process of maximising survival begins prior to genetic testing in women from high risk families as they expect to get a cancer diagnosis at some time. Women with cancer felt they had experienced the worst with a cancer diagnosis and altruistically tested for the sake of their children but a positive test result temporarily shifted their focus to decision-making around their personal health needs. CONCLUSION This study adds to clinical practice through raising awareness and adding insights into how women cope with living with inherited cancer risk and the personal and familial ramifications that ensue from it. A clear multi-professional structured care pathway for women from genetic testing result disclosure to undergoing risk-reducing surgery and/or surveillance should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Jeffers
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Department of Genetics, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK.
| | - Patrick J Morrison
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Department of Genetics, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Donna Fitzsimons
- Institute of Nursing Research, University of Ulster, Jordanstown BT37 0QB, UK; Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND As the incidence and prevalence of prostate cancer continue to rise, the number of men needing help and support to assist them in coping with disease and treatment-related symptoms and their psychosocial effects is likely to increase. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for men with prostate cancer in improving quality of life (QoL), self-efficacy and knowledge and in reducing distress, uncertainty and depression. SEARCH METHODS We searched for trials using a range of electronic databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO to October 2013, together with handsearching of journals and reference lists. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials of psychosocial interventions for men at any stage of prostate cancer. We included psychosocial interventions that explicitly used one or a combination of the following approaches: cognitive behavioural, psychoeducational, supportive and counselling. Interventions had to be delivered or facilitated by trained or lay personnel. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Pairs of review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We analysed data using standardised mean differences (SMDs), random-effects models and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). MAIN RESULTS Nineteen studies comparing psychosocial interventions versus usual care in a total of 3204 men with prostate cancer were included in this review. All but three of these studies were conducted in the United States.Men in the psychosocial intervention group had a small, statistically significant improvement in the physical component of general health-related quality of life (GHQoL) at end of intervention (1414 participants, SMD 0.12, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.22) based on low-quality evidence. A small improvement in favour of psychosocial interventions (SMD 0.24, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.47) was also seen in the physical component of GHQoL at end of intervention for group-based interventions. No clear evidence of benefit was found for GHQoL scores at end of intervention with individual-based interventions compared with controls. Also, no clear evidence suggested that psychosocial interventions were beneficial in improving the physical component of GHQoL at four to six and at eight to 12 months post-intervention. In addition, no clear evidence showed benefit associated with psychosocial interventions for the mental component of GHQoL at end of intervention (1416 participants, SMD -0.04, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.06) based on moderate-quality evidence. Results for the mental component of GHQoL at four to six and at eight to 12 months post-intervention were compatible with benefit and harm. At end of intervention, cancer-related QoL showed a small improvement following psychosocial interventions (SMD 0.21, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.39), but at eight and 12 months, the effect was compatible with benefit and harm. For prostate cancer-specific and symptom-related QoL, the differences between groups were not significant.No clear evidence indicated that psychosocial interventions were beneficial in improving self-efficacy at end of intervention (337 participants, SMD 0.16, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.38) based on very low-quality evidence in three studies that assessed individual-based interventions. The results for self-efficacy at six to eight and at 12 months post-intervention were compatible with benefit and harm. Men in the psychosocial intervention group had a moderate increase in prostate cancer knowledge at end of intervention (506 participants, SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.71) based on very low-quality evidence in two studies; this increase was also observed in the subgroups of group-based and individual-based interventions. A small increase in knowledge with psychosocial interventions was noted at three months post-intervention (SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.58).The results for uncertainty (916 participants, SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.26) and distress (916 participants, SMD 0.02, 95% CI -0.11 to 0.15) at end of intervention were compatible with both benefit and harm based on very low-quality evidence. No clear evidence suggests that psychosocial interventions were beneficial in reducing uncertainty and distress between groups at six to eight and at 12 months post-intervention. Finally, no clear evidence of benefit is associated with psychosocial interventions for depression at end of intervention (434 participants, SMD -0.18, 95% CI -0.51 to 0.15) based on very low-quality evidence. Individual-based interventions significantly reduced depression when compared with usual care groups. The results for depression at six and at 12 months post-intervention were compatible with benefit and harm.The overall risk of bias in the included studies was unclear or high, primarily as the result of performance bias.No data regarding stage of disease or treatment with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were extractable for subgroup analysis. Only one study addressed adverse effects. High attrition could indicate that some participants may not have been comfortable with the interventions. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall, this review shows that psychosocial interventions may have small, short-term beneficial effects on certain domains of well-being, as measured by the physical component of GHQoL and cancer-related QoL when compared with usual care. Prostate cancer knowledge was also increased. However, this review failed to demonstrate a statistically significant effect on other domains such as symptom-related QoL, self-efficacy, uncertainty, distress or depression. Moreover, when beneficial effects were observed, it remained uncertain whether the magnitude of effect was large enough to be considered clinically important. The quality of evidence for most outcomes was rated as very low according to GRADE, reflecting study limitations, loss to follow-up, study heterogeneity and small sample sizes. We were unable to perform meaningful subgroup analyses based on disease stage or treatment modality. Although some findings of this review are encouraging, they do not provide sufficiently strong evidence to permit meaningful conclusions about the effects of these interventions in men with prostate cancer. Additional well-done and transparently reported research studies are necessary to establish the role of psychosocial interventions in men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kader Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK, BT52 1SA
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McSorley O, McCaughan E, Prue G, Parahoo K, Bunting B, O'Sullivan J. A longitudinal study of coping strategies in men receiving radiotherapy and neo-adjuvant androgen deprivation for prostate cancer: a quantitative and qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2013; 70:625-38. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gillian Prue
- Queen's University Belfast; Belfast Northern Ireland
| | | | | | - Joe O'Sullivan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology; Queen's University Belfast; UK
- The Northern Ireland Cancer Centre; Belfast City Hospital; UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A diagnosis of head and neck cancer, like many other cancers, can lead to significant psychosocial distress. Patients with head and neck cancer can have very specific needs, due to both the location of their disease and the impact of treatment, which can interfere with basic day-to-day activities such as eating, speaking and breathing. There is a lack of clarity on the effectiveness of the interventions developed to address the psychosocial distress experienced by patients living with head and neck cancer. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions to improve quality of life and psychosocial well-being for patients with head and neck cancer. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group Trials Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed; EMBASE; CINAHL; Web of Science; BIOSIS Previews; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts; ICTRP and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the most recent search was 17 December 2012. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised controlled trials of psychosocial interventions for adults with head and neck cancer. For trials to be included the psychosocial intervention had to involve a supportive relationship between a trained helper and individuals diagnosed with head and neck cancer. Outcomes had to be assessed using a validated quality of life or psychological distress measure, or both. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected trials, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias, with mediation from a third author where required. Where possible, we extracted outcome measures for combining in meta-analyses. We compared continuous outcomes using either mean differences (MD) or standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), with a random-effects model. We conducted meta-analyses for the primary outcome measure of quality of life and secondary outcome measures of psychological distress, including anxiety and depression. We subjected the remaining outcome measures (self esteem, coping, adjustment to cancer, body image) to a narrative synthesis, due to the limited number of studies evaluating these specific outcomes and the wide divergence of assessment tools used. MAIN RESULTS Seven trials, totaling 542 participants, met the eligibility criteria. Studies varied widely on risk of bias, interventions used and outcome measures reported. From these studies, there was no evidence to suggest that psychosocial intervention promotes global quality of life for patients with head and neck cancer at end of intervention (MD 1.23, 95% CI -5.82 to 8.27) as measured by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). This quality of life tool includes five functional scales, namely cognitive, physical, emotional, social and role. There was no evidence to demonstrate that psychosocial intervention provides an immediate or medium-term improvement on any of these five functional scales. From the data available, there was no significant change in levels of anxiety (SMD -0.09, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.23) or depression following intervention (SMD -0.03, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.19). At present, there is insufficient evidence to refute or support the effectiveness of psychosocial intervention for patients with head and neck cancer. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence for psychosocial intervention is limited by the small number of studies, methodological shortcomings such as lack of power, difficulties with comparability between types of interventions and a wide divergence in outcome measures used. Future research should be targeted at patients who screen positive for distress and use validated outcome measures, such as the EORTC scale, as a measure of quality of life. These studies should implement interventions that are theoretically derived. Other shortcomings should be addressed in future studies, including using power calculations that may encourage multi-centred collaboration to ensure adequate sample sizes are recruited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherith Semple
- Cancer Services, South Eastern Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast,
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Parahoo K, McCaughan E, Noyes J, McDonough S. Psychosocial interventions for men with prostate cancer. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008529.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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McCaughan E, Prue G, McSorley O, Northouse L, Schafenacker A, Parahoo K. A randomized controlled trial of a self-management psychosocial intervention for men with prostate cancer and their partners: a study protocol. J Adv Nurs 2013; 69:2572-83. [PMID: 23528148 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about interventions to help men and their partners cope with the after effects of prostate cancer treatment. The lack of in-depth descriptions of the intervention content is hindering the identification of which intervention (or component of an intervention) works. AIM To describe the development and evaluation of the content of a self-management psychosocial intervention for men with prostate cancer and their partners. DESIGN A feasibility randomized controlled trial including structure, process, and outcome analysis. METHODS This 9-week intervention commences on completion of treatment and consists of three group and two telephone sessions. The intervention focuses on symptom management, sexual dysfunction, uncertainty management, positive thinking and couple communication. Forty-eight couples will be assigned to either the intervention or a control group receiving usual care. Participants will be assessed at baseline, immediately postintervention and at 1 and 6 months postintervention. Outcome measures for patients and caregivers include self-efficacy, quality of life, symptom distress, uncertainty, benefits of illness, health behaviour, and measures of couple communication and support. An additional caregiver assessment will be completed by the partner. DISCUSSION The main purpose of this feasibility study is to investigate the acceptability of the CONNECT programme to men with prostate cancer and their partners and to gain feedback from the participants and facilitators to make changes to and enhance the programme. Reasons why men do not want to participate will be collated to enhance recruitment in the future. We will also test recruitment strategies, randomization procedures, and the acceptability of the questionnaires. Ethical approval granted December 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
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O'Neill C, McCaughan E, Semple C, Ryan A. Fatherhood and cancer: a commentary on the literature. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2013; 22:161-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. O'Neill
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine; Northern Ireland; UK
| | - E. McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine; Northern Ireland; UK
| | - C. Semple
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine; Northern Ireland; UK
| | - A. Ryan
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine; Northern Ireland; UK
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Semple C, McCaughan E. Family life when a parent is diagnosed with cancer: impact of a psychosocial intervention for young children. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2012; 22:219-31. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.J. Semple
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust; Ulster Hospital; Belfast; N Ireland; UK
| | - E. McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine; Co. Londonderry; N Ireland; UK
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Cecil R, Thompson K, Parahoo K, McCaughan E. Towards an understanding of the lives of families affected by stroke: a qualitative study of home carers. J Adv Nurs 2012; 69:1761-70. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanne Cecil
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine UK
| | - Kate Thompson
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine UK
| | - Kader Parahoo
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine UK
| | - Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research; University of Ulster; Coleraine UK
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McCaughan E, McSorley O, Parahoo K, Prue G, O'Sullivan J, Bunting B, McKenna H. The experience and coping behaviours of men with prostate cancer receiving combined radiotherapy and hormone treatment. Journal of Men's Health 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jomh.2011.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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McCaughan E, Prue G, Parahoo K, McIlfatrick S, McSorley O, O'Sullivan J, McKenna H. Men and masculinity: a comparison of men and women with colorectal cancer. Journal of Men's Health 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jomh.2011.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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McCaughan E, Prue G, Parahoo K, McIlfatrick S, McKenna H. Exploring and comparing the experience and coping behaviour of men and women with colorectal cancer at diagnosis and during surgery. J Adv Nurs 2011; 67:1591-600. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Walls P, Parahoo K, Fleming P, McCaughan E. Issues and considerations when researching sensitive issues with men: examples from a study of men and sexual health. Nurse Res 2010; 18:26-34. [PMID: 21138083 DOI: 10.7748/nr2010.10.18.1.26.c8045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This article highlights some ethical considerations and practicalities that arose when conducting research with men in relation to decision making and seeking help for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). The aim of the study was to explore, using a grounded theory approach, the processes involved in making the decision to seek help. The main issues that arose were in relation to seeking permission and gaining approval, obtaining informed consent and susceptibility to harm. The interview itself and the concept of the researcher as a tool of data collection also gave rise to ethical issues. These issues have implications for the conduct of sensitive research with men and highlight the need for more overt reporting of the ethical issues and practical considerations that arise when planning and conducting research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Walls
- School of Nursing, University of Ulster, County Londonderry, UK
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McCaughan E, Prue G, Parahoo K, McIlfatrick S, McKenna H. Exploring and comparing the experience and coping behaviour of men and women with colorectal cancer after chemotherapy treatment: a qualitative longitudinal study. Psychooncology 2010; 21:64-71. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Cecil R, Parahoo K, Thompson K, McCaughan E, Power M, Campbell Y. ‘The hard work starts now’: a glimpse into the lives of carers of community-dwelling stroke survivors. J Clin Nurs 2010; 20:1723-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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McCaughan E, Prue G, Parahoo K. A systematic review of quantitative studies reporting selected patient experienced outcomes, with a specific focus on gender differences in people with colorectal cancer. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2009; 13:376-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Semple CJ, Dunwoody L, George Kernohan W, McCaughan E, Sullivan K. Changes and challenges to patients' lifestyle patterns following treatment for head and neck cancer. J Adv Nurs 2008; 63:85-93. [PMID: 18598253 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04698.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This paper is a report of a study to explore the changes and challenges to patients' lifestyles following treatment for head and neck cancer. BACKGROUND Head and neck cancer affects some of the most basic aspects of daily functioning, such as eating and speaking. There has been a rapid increase in the number of studies on the quality of life for people with head and neck cancer, but most studies have used quantitative methodology. METHODS Using a qualitative approach, data were collected in 2004 using semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 10 participants who had completed treatment 6-12 months earlier for head and neck cancer. A thematic analysis was employed to interpret the findings. FINDINGS Following thematic analysis seven broad themes were identified, five of which covered areas of changes and challenges to participants' lifestyles following treatment. These were: physical changes, concerns about cancer, work and day-to-day tasks, interpersonal relationships and social functioning. The concerns and challenges experienced following treatment were not limited to one aspect of an individual's lifestyle but spanned a number of the themes identified, highlighting the complexity of needs following treatment for head and neck cancer. The other two themes concerned personal attributes that facilitated or inhibited posttreatment coping and specific information needs in the posttreatment period. CONCLUSION Specific posttreatment concerns and challenges cannot be viewed as unitary or discrete aspects of life, but should be considered within a biopsychosocial context, to address patients' needs holistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherith Jane Semple
- Head and Neck Oncology, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Ulster Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
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Semple CJ, Dunwoody L, Kernohan WG, McCaughan E. Development and evaluation of a problem-focused psychosocial intervention for patients with head and neck cancer. Support Care Cancer 2008; 17:379-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-008-0480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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McCaughan E, Parahoo K, Thompson K, Reid S. Patients’ satisfaction with a community-based, nurse-led benign prostatic hyperplasia assessment clinic. Int J Urological Nursing 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-771x.2007.00038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
AIM This paper is a report of a study to explore the healthcare needs of women attending consultant-led breast cancer review clinics from their own perspectives, how these healthcare needs were being met, and healthcare professionals' perceptions of ways in which the service could be delivered more efficiently and effectively. BACKGROUND The value of routine medical follow-up both in terms of detection of recurrence and patient satisfaction has been questioned. However traditional, where routine follow-up continues, there are rising numbers of women with breast cancer attending review clinics. METHODS A qualitative approach was adopted, using non-participant observation during seven outpatient oncology/surgical breast review sessions. Interviews were carried out in 2005 with a convenience sample of 21 women clinic attenders, two outpatient nurses, three breast care nurses, four oncologists, three surgeons and an outpatient sister. FINDINGS Although women saw themselves as having returned to a precancer state, they still had fears of recurrence and a need for reassurance. This need was generally met through the review clinic but many psychosocial needs were unaddressed. However, nurses seemed to be under-used as a potential source of support. Medical and nursing staff perceived that women needed to be reviewed but acknowledged that appropriately prepared nurses could deliver a more holistic and efficient service. CONCLUSION The number of women with breast cancer requiring ongoing review is likely to increase, but the current review service is not meeting all their needs. A nurse-led follow-up service could be an attractive alternative to routine medical follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research and School of Nursing, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
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McCaughan E, Parahoo K, Thompson K, Reid S. General practitioners’ perceptions of a community-based nurse-led assessment clinic for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int J Urological Nursing 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-771x.2007.00032.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
AIM The aim of this paper was to report a study which explored the information-seeking behaviour of patients newly diagnosed with cancer in the immediate postdiagnosis period. BACKGROUND Information is an important tool for cancer patients. There is evidence that patients' information needs are not being adequately met and, in many cases, patients often do not recall much information at the time of diagnosis. METHOD Using a grounded theory approach, a theoretical sample of 27 newly diagnosed patients was interviewed in their own homes. Data were analysed using grounded theory analysis procedures. RESULTS A substantive theory describing the transitions from 'being traumatized' by the diagnosis, through a phase of trying to 'take it on', through to 'taking control' is tentatively offered. It provides a theoretical framework to understand newly diagnosed cancer patients' changing, varied and continuing needs and their efforts to regain some control over their lives. Their information-seeking behaviour seemed a journey of 'never-ending making sense' with ongoing discovery and new information needs as they struggled with the effects of the disease and treatments. CONCLUSIONS The processes and stages identified in this study provide nurses with a framework to assess the readiness of patients to receive information and to assist them in their efforts to regain some control over their disease and their lives. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Health professionals need to be aware of these stages, to be equipped to assess the need of individuals for information and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research & School of Nursing, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
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Abstract
AIM This paper reports the findings of a study, which explored the information-seeking behaviour of men newly diagnosed with cancer. BACKGROUND There is worldwide recognition that there are significant differences in the way men and women react to and cope with illness, yet there seems to be a lack of research into men's information-seeking behaviours and how they get their information needs met. The needs of men with cancer has so far received less research attention than women. METHODS A qualitative approach, consisting of in-depth interviews, was used. A convenient sample of 13 men newly diagnosed with cancer and five healthcare professionals and four lay sources were recruited for this study. RESULTS Five themes emerged from the data. These were: 'experiencing discomfort in the healthcare setting', 'reliance on partners as information gatherers', 'reluctance to explore a range of information sources and support', 'unmet information needs' and 'getting back to normal'. Together, they provide a perspective on men's information needs and information-seeking behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare professionals should be aware that there may be gender differences in how patients cope with their cancer, how they seek information and what information needs they have. Further training and preparation in 'men's health' is recommended for all those working with men in cancer care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Understanding how, when and in what circumstances men express their information needs will help healthcare professionals to develop strategies to meet these needs and other support needs of men with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis McCaughan
- Institute of Nursing Research and School of Nursing, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Thompson K, Marley J, Taylor J, Basketter V, O?Neill K, Parahoo K, Hulme T, McCaughan E. A baseline description of the research, clinical practice and development needs of urology nurses in the United Kingdom. Int J Urological Nursing 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-771x.2007.00004.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Nurses have an extensive input into the care of cancer patients both in hospital and in the community and are central to the current movement to improve and streamline cancer services. Internationally there has been a move to employ highly skilled nurse practitioners in cancer care. This paper describes a single case study evaluating the role and work of an Oncology Nurse Practitioner (ONP). Multiple sources of data were used. Stage One involved collecting descriptive information about the post holder, her role and the types of patients cared for. Stage Two used a qualitative approach to explore how the post was established, its key features, its perceived advantages and disadvantages and the factors influencing its success. Findings show that all participants viewed the post positively and that such nurses can provide high-quality services in remote rural areas. The study found that to be successful the post holder needs appropriate personal attributes such as flexibility and communication skills and the ability to work independently as well as part of a team. The limitations of this study and the implications for the further development of nursing roles in oncology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh McKenna
- School of Nursing, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim Jordanstown, BT37 OQB, Ireland.
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Abstract
The personal beliefs and attitudes of nurses can have serious implications for their practice. Yet there are a lack of studies on nurses' attitudes to cancer in the UK in general, and in Northern Ireland specifically. The need for such studies is further emphasized by the importance of nurses' role in the Cancer Units of district general hospitals, as proposed by the Calman-Hine Report (Department of Health 1995). The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes to cancer of medical and surgical nurses who care for cancer patients in one district general hospital in Northern Ireland. A questionnaire comprising the Cancer Attitude Scale (Corner 1993) was administered to 106 qualified nurses. The response rate was 68.9% (n=73). Responses to items on the Cancer Attitude Scale show that while generally these nurses held positive attitudes, a high proportion also held negative views about cancer. Of particular concern were their attitudes to the value of active treatments. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E McCaughan
- School of Health Sciences-Nursing, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
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