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Cotta SPM, Marins MS, Marriel IE, Lana UGP, Gomes EA, Figueiredo JEF, Oliveira-Paiva CA. Thermo-resistant enzyme-producing microorganisms isolated from composting. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e244205. [PMID: 34468511 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organo-mineral fertilizers supplemented with biological additives are an alternative to chemical fertilizers. In this study, thermoresistant microorganisms from composting mass were isolated by two-step procedures. First, samples taken at different time points and temperatures (33 days at 52 ºC, 60 days at 63 ºC, and over 365 days at 26 ºC) were pre-incubated at 80 oC for 30 minutes. Second, the microbial selection by in vitro culture-based methods and heat shock at 60 oC and 100 oC for 2h and 4h. Forty-one isolates were able to grow at 60 °C for 4h; twenty-seven at 100 °C for 2h, and two at 100 °C for 4h. The molecular identification by partial sequencing of the 16S ribosomal gene using universal primers revealed that thirty-five isolates were from eight Bacillus species, one Brevibacillus borstelensis, three Streptomyces thermogriseus, and two fungi (Thermomyces lanuginosus and T. dupontii). Data from amylase, phytase, and cellulase activity assays and the enzymatic index (EI) showed that 38 of 41 thermo-resistant isolates produce at least one enzyme. For amylase activity, the highest EI value was observed in Bacillus licheniformis (isolate 21C2, EI= 4.11), followed by Brevibacillus borstelensis (isolate 6C2, EI= 3.66), Bacillus cereus (isolate 18C2, EI= 3.52), and Bacillus paralicheniformis (isolate 20C2, EI= 3.34). For phytase, the highest EI values were observed for Bacillus cereus (isolate 18C2, EI= 2.30) and Bacillus licheniformis (isolate 3C1, EI= 2.15). Concerning cellulose production, B. altitudinis (isolate 6C1) was the most efficient (EI= 6.40), followed by three Bacillus subtilis (isolates 9C1, 16C2, and 19C2) with EI values of 5.66, 5.84, and 5.88, respectively, and one B. pumilus (isolate 27C2, EI= 5.78). The selected microorganisms are potentially useful as a biological additive in organo-mineral fertilizers and other biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P M Cotta
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Biotecnologia e Gestão da Inovação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Universitário de Sete Lagoas, UNIFEMM, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - M S Marins
- Programa de Microbiologia Agrícola, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - I E Marriel
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - U G P Lana
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - E A Gomes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - J E F Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - C A Oliveira-Paiva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
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Silva UC, Medeiros JD, Leite LR, Morais DK, Cuadros-Orellana S, Oliveira CA, de Paula Lana UG, Gomes EA, Dos Santos VL. Long-Term Rock Phosphate Fertilization Impacts the Microbial Communities of Maize Rhizosphere. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1266. [PMID: 28744264 PMCID: PMC5504191 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphate fertilization is a common practice in agriculture worldwide, and several commercial products are widely used. Triple superphosphate (TSP) is an excellent soluble phosphorus (P) source. However, its high cost of production makes the long-term use of crude rock phosphate (RP) a more attractive alternative in developing countries, albeit its influence on plant-associated microbiota remains unclear. Here, we compared long-term effects of TSP and RP fertilization on the structure of maize rhizosphere microbial community using next generation sequencing. Proteobacteria were dominant in all conditions, whereas Oxalobacteraceae (mainly Massilia and Herbaspirillum) was enriched in the RP-amended soil. Klebsiella was the second most abundant taxon in the RP-treated soil. Burkholderia sp. and Bacillus sp. were enriched in the RP-amended soil when compared to the TSP-treated soil. Regarding fungi, Glomeromycota showed highest abundance in RP-amended soils, and the main genera were Scutellospora and Racocetra. These taxa are already described as important for P solubilization/acquisition in RP-fertilized soil. Maize grown on TSP and RP-treated soil presented similar productivity, and a positive correlation was detected for P content and the microbial community of the soils. The results suggest changes of the microbial community composition associated to the type of phosphate fertilization. Whilst it is not possible to establish causality relations, our data highlights a few candidate taxa that could be involved in RP solubilization and plant growth promotion. Moreover, this can represent a shorter path for further studies aiming the isolation and validation of the taxa described here concerning P release on the soil plant system and their use as bioinoculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubiana C. Silva
- Microbiology Department, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julliane D. Medeiros
- Biosystems Informatics and Genomics Group, René Rachou Research Center, FiocruzBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Laura R. Leite
- Biosystems Informatics and Genomics Group, René Rachou Research Center, FiocruzBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel K. Morais
- Biosystems Informatics and Genomics Group, René Rachou Research Center, FiocruzBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- Microbiology Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences – CASPrague, Czechia
| | - Sara Cuadros-Orellana
- Biosystems Informatics and Genomics Group, René Rachou Research Center, FiocruzBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del MauleTalca, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Vera L. Dos Santos
- Microbiology Department, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
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Gomes EA, Oliveira CA, Lana UGP, Noda RW, Marriel IE, de Souza FA. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in the Roots of Maize Lines Contrasting for Al Tolerance Grown in Limed and Non-Limed Brazilian Oxisoil. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 25:978-87. [PMID: 25674805 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1408.08002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the greatest limitations to agriculture in acid soils, particularly in tropical regions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can supply plants with nutrients and give protection against Al toxicity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil liming (i.e., reducing Al saturation) on the AMF community composition and structure in the roots of maize lines contrasting for Al tolerance. To this end, we constructed four 18S rDNA cloning libraries from L3 (Al tolerant) and L22 (Al sensitive) maize lines grown in limed and non-limed soils. A total of 790 clones were sequenced, 69% belonging to the Glomeromycota phylum. The remaining sequences were from Ascomycota, which were more prominent in the limed soil, mainly in the L3 line. The most abundant AM fungal clones were related to the family Glomeraceae represented by the genera uncultured Glomus followed by Rhizophagus and Funneliformis. However, the most abundant operational taxonomic units with 27% of the Glomeromycota clones was affiliated to genus Racocetra. This genus was present in all the four libraries, but it was predominant in the non-limed soils, suggesting that Racocetra is tolerant to Al toxicity. Similarly, Acaulospora and Rhizophagus were also present mostly in both lines in non-limed soils. The community richness of AMF in the non-limed soils was higher than the limed soil for both lines. The results suggest that the soil Al saturation was the parameter that mostly influences the AMF species composition in the soils in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane A Gomes
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, CP 151, 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ubiraci G P Lana
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, CP 151, 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto W Noda
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, CP 151, 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
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Nascimento FRF, Gomes EA, Russo M, Lepique AP. Interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 is a master regulator of the cross talk between macrophages and L929 fibrosarcoma cells for nitric oxide dependent tumoricidal activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117782. [PMID: 25659093 PMCID: PMC4449231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage tumoricidal activity relies, mainly, on the release of Tumor Necrosis
Factor alpha (TNFα) and/or on reactive oxygen or nitrogen intermediates. In
the present work, we investigated the cytotoxic activity of resident peritoneal
macrophages against L929 fibrosarcoma cell line in vitro and
in vivo. Resident macrophages lysed L929 cells in a mechanism
independent of TNFα and cell-to-cell contact. The cytotoxic activity was
largely dependent on nitric oxide (NO) release since treatment with L-NAME (NOS
inhibitor) inhibited L929 cells killing. Macrophages from mice with targeted deletion
of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) together with L929 cells produced less NO and
displayed lower, but still significant, tumoricidal activity. Notably, NO production
and tumor lysis were abolished in co-cultures with macrophages deficient in
Interferon Regulatory Factor, IRF-1. Importantly, the in vitro
findings were reproduced in vivo as IRF-1 deficient animals
inoculated i.p with L929 cells were extremely susceptible to tumor growth and their
macrophages did not produce NO, while WT mice killed L929 tumor cells and their
macrophages produced high levels of NO. Our results indicate that IRF-1 is a master
regulator of bi-directional interaction between macrophages and tumor cells. Overall,
IRF-1 was essential for NO production by co-cultures and macrophage tumoricidal
activity in vitro as well as for the control of tumor growth
in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R. F. Nascimento
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal
University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Eliane A. Gomes
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of
São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Momtchilo Russo
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of
São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Ana P. Lepique
- Department of Imunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of
São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Herculano EA, Da Costa C, Rodriques AKBF, Araújo-Júnior JX, Santana EG, França PHB, Gomes EA, Salvador MJ, Moura FBP, Ribeiro EAN. Evaluation of cardiovascular effects of edible fruits of Syzygium cumini Myrtaceae (L) skeels in rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i11.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Maciel MCG, Farias JC, Maluf MJ, Gomes EA, Pereira PVS, Aragão-Filho WC, Frazão JB, Costa GC, Sousa SM, Silva LA, Amaral FMM, Russo M, Guerra RNM, Nascimento FRF. Syzygium jambolanum treatment improves survival in lethal sepsis induced in mice. BMC Complement Altern Med 2008; 8:57. [PMID: 18851742 PMCID: PMC2571085 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-8-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The leaves and the fruits from Syzygium jambolanum DC.(Myrtaceae), a plant known in Brazil as sweet olive or 'jambolão', have been used by native people to treat infectious diseases, diabetes, and stomachache. Since the bactericidal activity of S. jambolanum has been confirmed in vitro, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the prophylactic treatment with S. jambolanum on the in vivo polymicrobial infection induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were treated by the subcutaneous route with a hydroalcoholic extract from fresh leaves of S. jambolanum (HCE). After 6 h, a bacterial infection was induced in the peritoneum using the lethal CLP model. The mice were killed 12 h after the CLP induction to evaluate the cellular influx and local and systemic inflammatory mediators' production. Some animals were maintained alive to evaluate the survival rate. RESULTS The prophylactic HCE treatment increased the mice survival, the neutrophil migration to infectious site, the spreading ability and the hydrogen peroxide release, but decreased the serum TNF and nitrite. Despite the increased migration and activation of peritoneal cells the HCE treatment did not decrease the number of CFU. The HCE treatment induced a significant decrease on the bone marrow cells number but did not alter the cell number of the spleen and lymph node. CONCLUSION We conclude that the treatment with S. jambolanum has a potent prophylactic anti-septic effect that is not associated to a direct microbicidal effect but it is associated to a recruitment of activated neutrophils to the infectious site and to a diminished systemic inflammatory response.
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Dorella FA, Estevam EM, Pacheco LGC, Guimarães CT, Lana UGP, Gomes EA, Barsante MM, Oliveira SC, Meyer R, Miyoshi A, Azevedo V. In vivo insertional mutagenesis in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: an efficient means to identify DNA sequences encoding exported proteins. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:7368-72. [PMID: 16950910 PMCID: PMC1636190 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00294-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The reporter transposon-based system TnFuZ was used to identify exported proteins of the animal pathogen Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Thirty-four out of 1,500 mutants had detectable alkaline phosphatase (PhoZ) activity. This activity was from 21 C. pseudotuberculosis loci that code for fimbrial and transport subunits and for hypothetical and unknown-function proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda A Dorella
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Oliveira-Neto OB, Batista JAN, Rigden DJ, Fragoso RR, Silva RO, Gomes EA, Franco OL, Dias SC, Cordeiro CMT, Monnerat RG, Grossi-De-Sá MF. A diverse family of serine proteinase genes expressed in cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis): implications for the design of pest-resistant transgenic cotton plants. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2004; 34:903-918. [PMID: 15350610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2004.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2004] [Accepted: 06/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen different cDNA fragments encoding serine proteinases were isolated by reverse transcription-PCR from cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) larvae. A large diversity between the sequences was observed, with a mean pairwise identity of 22% in the amino acid sequence. The cDNAs encompassed 11 trypsin-like sequences classifiable into three families and three chymotrypsin-like sequences belonging to a single family. Using a combination of 5' and 3' RACE, the full-length sequence was obtained for five of the cDNAs, named Agser2, Agser5, Agser6, Agser10 and Agser21. The encoded proteins included amino acid sequence motifs of serine proteinase active sites, conserved cysteine residues, and both zymogen activation and signal peptides. Southern blotting analysis suggested that one or two copies of these serine proteinase genes exist in the A. grandis genome. Northern blotting analysis of Agser2 and Agser5 showed that for both genes, expression is induced upon feeding and is concentrated in the gut of larvae and adult insects. Reverse northern analysis of the 14 cDNA fragments showed that only two trypsin-like and two chymotrypsin-like were expressed at detectable levels. Under the effect of the serine proteinase inhibitors soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and black-eyed pea trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor, expression of one of the trypsin-like sequences was upregulated while expression of the two chymotrypsin-like sequences was downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmundo B Oliveira-Neto
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, S.A.I.N. Parque Estação Biológica, Final W3, Asa Norte, Brasilia, DF 70770-900, Brazil
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da Mota FF, Gomes EA, Paiva E, Rosado AS, Seldin L. Use of rpoB gene analysis for identification of nitrogen-fixing Paenibacillus species as an alternative to the 16S rRNA gene. Lett Appl Microbiol 2004; 39:34-40. [PMID: 15189285 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To avoid the limitations of 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis for Paenibacillus species, the usefulness of the RNA polymerase beta-subunit encoding gene (rpoB) was investigated as an alternative to the 16S rRNA gene for taxonomic studies. METHODS AND RESULTS Partial rpoB sequences were generated for the type strains of eight nitrogen-fixing Paenibacillus species. The presence of only one copy of rpoB in the genome of P. graminis strain RSA19(T) was demonstrated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and hybridization assays. A comparative analysis of the sequences of the 16S rRNA and rpoB genes was performed and the eight species showed between 91.6-99.1% (16S rRNA) and 77.9-97.3% (rpoB) similarity, allowing a more accurate discrimination between the different species using the rpoB gene. Finally, 24 isolates from the rhizosphere of different cultivars of maize previously identified as Paenibacillus spp. were assigned correctly to one of the nitrogen-fixing species. CONCLUSIONS, SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The data obtained in this study indicate that rpoB is a powerful identification tool, which can be used for the correct discrimination of the nitrogen-fixing species of agricultural and industrial importance within the genus Paenibacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- F F da Mota
- Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Gomes EA, Kasuya MCM, Barros EGD, Borges AC, Araújo EF. Polymorphism in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA of 26 isolates of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Genet Mol Biol 2002. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572002000400018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ferreira AP, Aarestrup FM, Bonecini-Almeida MG, Souza EE, Gomes EA, Corrêa JO, Teixeira HC. Effect of the injection of an extract of Ascaris suum on macrophage activation during the early phase of Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection in C57Bl/6 mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 1999; 32:1429-36. [PMID: 10559845 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1999001100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Injection of an Ascaris suum extract (Asc) affects both the humoral and cellular immune responses to unrelated antigens when it is co-administered with these antigens. In the present study we evaluated the effect of Asc on macrophage activation in the early phase of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (Pasteur strain TMCC 1173) infection in C57Bl/6 mice. C57Bl/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 0.1 mg BCG (BCG group) or BCG plus 1 mg Asc (BCG + Asc group). The peritoneal exudates were obtained at 2, 7 and 14 days after infection. The numbers of IFN-gamma-secreting cells were assessed by the ELISPOT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured by the Griess method and by the evaluation of NADPH diaphorase activity in the peritoneal exudates. The administration of Asc extract increased NADPH diaphorase activity (2 days: control = 0, BCG = 7%, BCG + Asc = 13%, and Asc = 4%; 7 days: control = 4, BCG = 13%, BCG + Asc = 21%, and Asc = 4.5%) and TNF-alpha levels (mean +/- SD; 2 days: control = 0, BCG = 169 +/- 13, BCG + Asc = 202 +/- 37, and Asc = 0; 7 days: control = 0, BCG = 545 +/- 15.5, BCG + Asc = 2206 +/- 160.6, and Asc = 126 +/- 26; 14 days: control = 10 +/- 1.45, BCG = 9 +/- 1.15, BCG + Asc = 126 +/- 18, and Asc = 880 +/- 47.67 pg/ml) in the early phase of BCG infection. Low levels of NO production were detected at 2 and 7 days after BCG infection, increasing at 14 days (mean +/- SD; 2 days: control = 0, BCG = 3.7 +/- 1.59, BCG + Asc = 0.82 +/- 0.005, Asc = 0.48 +/- 0.33; 7 days: control = 0, BCG = 2.78 +/- 1.54, BCG + Asc = 3.07 +/- 1.05, Asc = 0; 14 days: control = 0, BCG = 9.05 +/- 0.53, BCG + Asc = 9.61 +/- 0.81, Asc = 10.5 +/- 0.2 (2 x 10(6)) cells/ml). Furthermore, we also observed that Asc co-injection induced a decrease of BCG-colony-forming units (CFU) in the spleens of BCG-infected mice during the first week of infection (mean +/- SD; 2 days: BCG = 1.13 +/- 0.07 and BCG + Asc = 0.798 +/- 0.305; 7 days: BCG = 1.375 +/- 0. 194 and BCG + Asc = 0.548 +/- 0.0226; 14 days: BCG = 0.473 +/- 0.184 and BCG + Asc = 0.675 +/- 0.065 (x 10(2)) CFU). The present data suggest that Asc induces the enhancement of the immune response in the early phase of BCG infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Ferreira
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.
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de Azeredo LA, Gomes EA, Mendonça-Hagler LC, Hagler AN. Yeast communities associated with sugarcane in Campos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Int Microbiol 1998; 1:205-8. [PMID: 10943361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Yeast communities associated with sugarcane leaves, stems and rhizosphere during different phases of plant development were studied near Campos, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Atmospheric temperature, soil granulometry and pH, and sugar cane juice degree Brix and pH were determined. Yeast communities associated with sugarcane were obtained after cellular extraction by shaking, blending and shaking plus sonication, and cultured on Yeast Nitrogen Base Agar plus glucose (0.5%) and Yeast Extract-Malt Extract Agar. No significant differences in yeast counts were found among the cellular extraction treatments and culture media. 230 yeast cultures were identified according to standard methods, and distinct yeast communities were found for each substrate studied. The prevalent species isolated from sugarcane were Cryptococcus laurentii, Cryptococcus albidus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Debaryomyces hansenii.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A de Azeredo
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Junghans DT, Gomes EA, Guimarães WV, Barros EG, Araújo EF. Genetic diversity of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius based on RAPD-PCR analysis. Mycorrhiza 1998; 7:243-248. [PMID: 24578049 DOI: 10.1007/s005720050187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Twenty Pisolithus tinctorius isolates from different geographic locations and different hosts were characterized by the random amplified polymorphic DNA technique. Thirteen arbitrary primers generated 87 DNA fragments, all of them polymorphic. These data were used to calculate genetic distances among the isolates. The pairwise genetic distances ranged from 1 to 100%, with an average of 58.7%. Cluster analysis based on the amplified fragments grouped the isolates according to their host and geographical origins. Group I contained isolates collected in Brazil and group II those collected in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition to the diversity seen at the molecular level, the isolates also showed host specificity. Greenhouse experiments demonstrated that isolates from the Northern Hemisphere colonized mainly Pinus whereas isolates from Brazil colonized only Eucalyptus. The molecular data suggest that the Pisolithus tinctorius isolates analyzed belong to two distinct groups. The data also suggest new guidelines for future investigations on the taxonomy and systematic of this important fungus species. Furthermore, these results support future experiments aimed at the selection and development of improved isolates of P. tinctorius.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Junghans
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Viçosa, MG, 36571-000 - Brazil Fax: +55-31-899-2573; e-mail: , Brazil
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