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Schaible MJ, Szeinbaum N, Bozdag GO, Chou L, Grefenstette N, Colón-Santos S, Rodriguez LE, Styczinski MJ, Thweatt JL, Todd ZR, Vázquez-Salazar A, Adams A, Araújo MN, Altair T, Borges S, Burton D, Campillo-Balderas JA, Cangi EM, Caro T, Catalano E, Chen K, Conlin PL, Cooper ZS, Fisher TM, Fos SM, Garcia A, Glaser DM, Harman CE, Hermis NY, Hooks M, Johnson-Finn K, Lehmer O, Hernández-Morales R, Hughson KHG, Jácome R, Jia TZ, Marlow JJ, McKaig J, Mierzejewski V, Muñoz-Velasco I, Nural C, Oliver GC, Penev PI, Raj CG, Roche TP, Sabuda MC, Schaible GA, Sevgen S, Sinhadc P, Steller LH, Stelmach K, Tarnas J, Tavares F, Trubl G, Vidaurri M, Vincent L, Weber JM, Weng MM, Wilpiszeki RL, Young A. Chapter 1: The Astrobiology Primer 3.0. Astrobiology 2024; 24:S4-S39. [PMID: 38498816 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The Astrobiology Primer 3.0 (ABP3.0) is a concise introduction to the field of astrobiology for students and others who are new to the field of astrobiology. It provides an entry into the broader materials in this supplementary issue of Astrobiology and an overview of the investigations and driving hypotheses that make up this interdisciplinary field. The content of this chapter was adapted from the other 10 articles in this supplementary issue and thus represents the contribution of all the authors who worked on these introductory articles. The content of this chapter is not exhaustive and represents the topics that the authors found to be the most important and compelling in a dynamic and changing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah J Schaible
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nadia Szeinbaum
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - G Ozan Bozdag
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Luoth Chou
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Natalie Grefenstette
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephanie Colón-Santos
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Laura E Rodriguez
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, Texas, USA
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - M J Styczinski
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer L Thweatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zoe R Todd
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alberto Vázquez-Salazar
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alyssa Adams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M N Araújo
- Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Thiago Altair
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | | | - Dana Burton
- Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Eryn M Cangi
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Tristan Caro
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Enrico Catalano
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, The BioRobotics Institute, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kimberly Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter L Conlin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Z S Cooper
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theresa M Fisher
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Santiago Mestre Fos
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amanda Garcia
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - D M Glaser
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Chester E Harman
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ninos Y Hermis
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
- Department of Physics and Space Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Hooks
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - K Johnson-Finn
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Owen Lehmer
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ricardo Hernández-Morales
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kynan H G Hughson
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rodrigo Jácome
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tony Z Jia
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeffrey J Marlow
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan McKaig
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Veronica Mierzejewski
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Israel Muñoz-Velasco
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ceren Nural
- Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gina C Oliver
- Department of Geology, San Bernardino Valley College, San Bernardino, California, USA
| | - Petar I Penev
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chinmayee Govinda Raj
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tyler P Roche
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary C Sabuda
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - George A Schaible
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Serhat Sevgen
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Pritvik Sinhadc
- BEYOND: Center For Fundamental Concepts in Science, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA
- Dubai College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luke H Steller
- Australian Centre for Astrobiology, and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Kamil Stelmach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - J Tarnas
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Frank Tavares
- Space Enabled Research Group, MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gareth Trubl
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Monica Vidaurri
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Lena Vincent
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jessica M Weber
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | | | - Amber Young
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
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Chou L, Grefenstette N, Borges S, Caro T, Catalano E, Harman CE, McKaig J, Raj CG, Trubl G, Young A. Chapter 8: Searching for Life Beyond Earth. Astrobiology 2024; 24:S164-S185. [PMID: 38498822 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The search for life beyond Earth necessitates a rigorous and comprehensive examination of biosignatures, the types of observable imprints that life produces. These imprints and our ability to detect them with advanced instrumentation hold the key to our understanding of the presence and abundance of life in the universe. Biosignatures are the chemical or physical features associated with past or present life and may include the distribution of elements and molecules, alone or in combination, as well as changes in structural components or physical processes that would be distinct from an abiotic background. The scientific and technical strategies used to search for life on other planets include those that can be conducted in situ to planetary bodies and those that could be observed remotely. This chapter discusses numerous strategies that can be employed to look for biosignatures directly on other planetary bodies using robotic exploration including those that have been deployed to other planetary bodies, are currently being developed for flight, or will become a critical technology on future missions. Search strategies for remote observations using current and planned ground-based and space-based telescopes are also described. Evidence from spectral absorption, emission, or transmission features can be used to search for remote biosignatures and technosignatures. Improving our understanding of biosignatures, their production, transformation, and preservation on Earth can enhance our search efforts to detect life on other planets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoth Chou
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Natalie Grefenstette
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Tristan Caro
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Enrico Catalano
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, The BioRobotics Institute, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Jordan McKaig
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Gareth Trubl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Amber Young
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
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Catalano E, Vallifuoco R, Bernini R, Zeni L, Minardo A. Brillouin scattering for refractive index sensing in non-adiabatic tapers. Opt Express 2022; 30:39868-39876. [PMID: 36298929 DOI: 10.1364/oe.467839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of non-adiabatic tapers for refractive index sensing in optical fibers based on Brillouin scattering. By exciting higher order optical modes along the taper, the Brillouin gain spectrum becomes multipeaked, where each peak exhibits a different sensitivity to the refractive index of the surrounding medium. By this method, we demonstrate a sensitivity enhancement of the Brillouin frequency shift to refractive index changes by a factor of ≈ 4, compared to an adiabatic taper with the same waist diameter. Furthermore, the use of the spectral difference between two Brillouin gain peaks provides a temperature-independent measurement of the external refractive index.
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Vannozzi L, Catalano E, Telkhozhayeva M, Teblum E, Yarmolenko A, Avraham ES, Konar R, Nessim GD, Ricotti L. Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoflakes Coated with Glycol Chitosan, Propylene Glycol Alginate, and Polydopamine: Characterization and Cytotoxicity in Human Chondrocytes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2105. [PMID: 34443935 PMCID: PMC8399274 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively investigated for their interesting properties in many biomedical fields, including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Nonetheless, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) are still under investigation for improving their dispersibility in aqueous solutions and their safety in different cell types. This work explores the interaction of GO and rGO with different polymeric dispersants, such as glycol chitosan (GC), propylene glycol alginate (PGA), and polydopamine (PDA), and their effects on human chondrocytes. GO was synthesized using Hummer's method, followed by a sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) process, drying, and thermal reduction to obtain rGO. The flakes of GO and rGO exhibited an average lateral size of 8.8 ± 4.6 and 18.3 ± 8.5 µm, respectively. Their dispersibility and colloidal stability were investigated in the presence of the polymeric surfactants, resulting in an improvement in the suspension stability in terms of average size and polydispersity index over 1 h, in particular for PDA. Furthermore, cytotoxic effects induced by coated and uncoated GO and rGO on human chondrocytes at different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL) were assessed through LDH assay. Results showed a concentration-dependent response, and the presence of PGA contributed to statistically decreasing the difference in the LDH activity with respect to the control. These results open the way to a potentially safer use of these nanomaterials in the fields of cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Catalano
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Madina Telkhozhayeva
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Eti Teblum
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Alina Yarmolenko
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Efrat Shawat Avraham
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Rajashree Konar
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Gilbert Daniel Nessim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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Coscetta A, Catalano E, Cerri E, Cennamo N, Zeni L, Minardo A. Hybrid Brillouin/Rayleigh sensor for multiparameter measurements in optical fibers. Opt Express 2021; 29:24025-24031. [PMID: 34614655 DOI: 10.1364/oe.426427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a hybrid Brillouin/Rayleigh sensor for multiparameter sensing in optical fibers. The system makes use of a single laser pulse to excite both Rayleigh and Brillouin backscattering in the same optical fiber. In the detection path, the backscattered signals are separated based on their different wavelengths. The system is capable of determining simultaneously the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) of the fiber, as well as the frequency contents of any vibration acting on the same fiber as recovered by phase sensitive OTDR (ϕ-OTDR) measurements. The reported experiments show the possibility to perform simultaneous temperature and vibration measurements, as well as to perform dynamic strain measurements combining the information provided by slope-assisted Brillouin scattering measurements, with those provided by amplitude-based ϕ-OTDR measurements.
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Coscetta A, Catalano E, Cerri E, Zeni L, Minardo A. Theoretical and experimental comparison of a distributed acoustic sensor at 850- and 1550-nm wavelengths. Appl Opt 2020; 59:2219-2224. [PMID: 32225751 DOI: 10.1364/ao.382907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the performance of a distributed acoustic sensor at two different interrogation wavelengths. We show theoretically that, in a coherent optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) operating at 850 nm, the dynamic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is enhanced, compared to an identical configuration operating at 1550 nm. Such enhancement is maximum at the interrogating pulse input section, while decreasing along the fiber in virtue of the higher loss. Experimental tests, carried out using two heterodyne C-OTDR detection schemes operating at the analyzed wavelengths, confirm the SNR improvement.
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Catalano E, Di Benedetto A. Characterization of physicochemical and colloidal properties of hydrogel chitosan-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles for cancer therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/841/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Catalano E, Miola M, Ferraris S, Novak S, Oltolina F, Cochis A, Prat M, Vernè E, Rimondini L, Follenzi A. Magnetite and silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles are highly biocompatible on endothelial cells
in vitro. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa62cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Manzo A, Musso L, Panseri S, Iriti M, Dallavalle S, Catalano E, Scarì G, Giorgi A. Screening of the chemical composition and bioactivity of Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel essential oil. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:3195-3201. [PMID: 26467601 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research aimed at improving knowledge as to the chemical composition and the antibacterial and anti-cancer activities of the essential oil of Waldheimia glabra, a wild plant from the Himalayan Mountains. RESULTS The results obtained by GC-MS showed that spathulenol, 9-tetradecenol, thujopsene, α-thujone, santolina alcohol and terpinen-4-ol were the main constituents of Waldheimia glabra essential oil. These results were confirmed by HS-SPME GC-MS analysis that also reported high amounts of artemisia alcohol and camphor. Disc diffusion assay suggested a mild antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, a dose-response correlation was observed between Waldhemia glabra essential oil concentration and viability of human breast adenocarcinoma cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. CONCLUSIONS Together with the GC-MS method, HS-SPME GC-MS proved to be a reliable technique to characterise the chemical composition of essential oil obtained from aromatic plants. Further studies will focus on W. glabra phytochemicals and their biological activity, in order to support traditional uses of the plant. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Manzo
- Centre for Applied Studies in the Sustainable Management and Protection of the Mountain Environment-Ge.S.Di.Mont, University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048, Edolo, Brescia, Italy
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Catalano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scarì
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Giorgi
- Centre for Applied Studies in the Sustainable Management and Protection of the Mountain Environment-Ge.S.Di.Mont, University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048, Edolo, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Azzimonti B, Zavattaro E, Provasi M, Vidali M, Conca A, Catalano E, Rimondini L, Colombo E, Valente G. Intense Foxp3+CD25+regulatory T-cell infiltration is associated with high-grade cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and counterbalanced by CD8+/Foxp3+CD25+ratio. Br J Dermatol 2014; 172:64-73. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Azzimonti
- Department of Health Sciences; Medical School; University of Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - E. Zavattaro
- Dermatology; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘Maggiore della Carità’; Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - M. Provasi
- Dermatology; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘Maggiore della Carità’; Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - M. Vidali
- Clinical Chemistry; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘Maggiore della Carità’; Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - A. Conca
- Pathology Units; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘Maggiore della Carità’; Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - E. Catalano
- Department of Health Sciences; Medical School; University of Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - L. Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences; Medical School; University of Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - E. Colombo
- Dermatology; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘Maggiore della Carità’; Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine; Medical School; University of Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
| | - G. Valente
- Pathology Units; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘Maggiore della Carità’; Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine; Medical School; University of Piemonte Orientale ‘A. Avogadro’; 28100 Novara Italy
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Catalano E, Cochis A, Varoni E, Rimondini L, Azzimonti B. Tissue-engineered skin substitutes: an overview. J Artif Organs 2013; 16:397-403. [PMID: 24096542 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-013-0734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extensive skin loss and chronic wounds are still a significant challenge to clinicians: even if injured epidermis is normally able to self-renew, deep injuries can cause negative regulation of the wound healing cascade, leading to chronic wound formation. Skin-autografting surgical procedures are often limited by the poor availability of healthy tissue, whereas the use of non-self-tissues for allografts presents some severe risks. Tissue-engineered skin substitutes have recently become viable as a suitable alternative to auto- and allografts. However, biologists, biochemists, and technical engineers are still struggling to produce complex skin substitutes that can readily be transplanted in large quantities. The ambitious goal is now to construct a dermoepidermal substitute that rapidly vascularizes and optimally supports a stratifying epidermal graft on a biodegradable matrix. This review analyzes these aspects in light of the available literature and the authors' experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Catalano
- Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, NO, Italy
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Catalano E, Cochis A, Varoni E, Rimondini L, Carrassi A, Azzimonti B. Adipose-derived adult stem cells: available technologies for potential clinical regenerative applications in dentistry. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2013; 41:483-493. [PMID: 24940661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis depends closely on the activity and welfare of adult stem cells. These cells represent a promising tool for biomedical research since they can aid in treatment and promote the regeneration of damaged organs in many human disorders. Adult stem cells indefinitely preserve their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various phenotypes; this capacity could be promoted in vitro by particular culture conditions (differentiation media) or spontaneously induced in vivo by exploiting the biochemical and mechanical properties of the tissue in which the stem cells are implanted. Among the different sources of adult stem cells, adipose tissue is an attractive possibility thanks to its ready availability and the standard extraction techniques at our disposal today. This review discusses the isolation, characterization, and differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stem cells, as well as regeneration strategies, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects of their delivery. In particular, since oral disorders (e.g., trauma, erosion, and chronic periodontitis) often cause the loss of dental tissue along with functional, phonetic, and aesthetic impairment, this review focuses on the application of human adipose-derived adult stem cells, alone or in combination with biomaterials, in treating oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Catalano
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Dental Materials, Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", (NO); Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), (FI), Italy
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Dental Materials, Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", (NO); Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), (FI), Italy
| | - Elena Varoni
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Dental Materials, Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", (NO); Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), (FI), Italy
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Dental Materials, Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", (NO), Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), (FI), Italy
| | - Antonio Carrassi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20122 Milan (MI), Italy
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Ammann-Rauch D, Bumann J, Catalano E. Unspecific redness of the eyelid--two malignant tumours. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2006; 223:412-4. [PMID: 16705518 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-926577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic, non- or little pigmented reddish or brownish lesions on the lid margin and the surrounding skin are frequently underestimated and thus carry a clear risk of malignancy. HISTORY AND SIGNS A 61-year-old lady was referred with a chronic, reddish lesion in the medial third of the left lower lid after a topical therapy over a period of 4 months had not improved the situation. She noticed the lesion for the first time 10 previously. Recurrent trichiasis and a slight ulceration had developed during the last year. THERAPY AND OUTCOME After an unclear result of the biopsy (2)/ (3) of the left lower lid were removed because of atypical cells ascending into the epidermis. A superficial spreading melanoma 0.4 mm depth in the Breslow classification was detected and right next to it a superficial basal cell carcinoma. The lid defect was reconstructed with a tarsoconjunctival flap and a free full thickness skin graft as described by Hughes. CONCLUSION Chronic redness at or around the lid margin which does not respond to therapy should be biopsied as malignant tumours may well be hidden behind it.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ammann-Rauch
- Augenklinik Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Daggan RN, Zafeiridis A, Dipla K, Puglia CD, Gratz I, Catalano E, Kendrick ZV. The effects of chronic exercise on anesthesia induced hepatotoxicity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32:2024-8. [PMID: 11128846 DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200012000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A hypoxic rat model of halothane-induced hepatotoxicity, which is known to produce liver damage, was used to determine the effects of chronic exercise on halothane-induced hepatotoxicity and on reduced hepatic glutathione (GSH) levels. Metabolism of volatile anesthetics may generate metabolites that can cause mild and transient hepatotoxicity. METHODS Six male Sprague-Dawley rats completed a 10-wk (5 d x wk(-1)) treadmill running protocol. Twelve age-matched animals were used as sedentary controls. After the completion of exercise training, rats were exposed for 2 h to 1% halothane in 14% O2. Twenty-four hours later, animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and sacrificed. Livers were excised, stained, and evaluated for hepatotoxicity using a histopathological 0 (normal) to 5 (severe damage) point categorical scale and for the determination of GSH levels. RESULTS Median histopathologic scores revealed significantly lower indications of hepatotoxicity in exercise animals as compared with control animals (score = 0.25 vs 1.50; P < 0.05). Liver damages scores between 1 and 5 were observed in 75% (9 of 12) of the control animals, whereas only 1 of 6 exercise animals had a score greater than 1 (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in reduced GSH levels. CONCLUSIONS Chronic exercise improves the detoxicant ability of the liver for halothane anesthesia as noted by the ameliorated liver damage and reduced incidence of halothane-induced hepatotoxicity in the exercise animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Daggan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Pathology, Cooper Hospital/UMC, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
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15
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Rubini M, D'Ambrosio C, Carturan S, Yumet G, Catalano E, Shan S, Huang Z, Criscuolo M, Pifferi M, Baserga R. Characterization of an antibody that can detect an activated IGF-I receptor in human cancers. Exp Cell Res 1999; 251:22-32. [PMID: 10438568 DOI: 10.1006/excr.1999.4562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) plays an important role in malignant transformation and in apoptosis. Its role in human cancer has now been firmly established. IGF-IR signaling occurs only when the receptor is activated by its ligands, which induce autophosphorylation of the receptor at several tyrosine residues. Although the IGF-IR (phosphorylated or not) can be detected in human cancers with conventional antibodies, it would be desirable to obtain antibodies that can detect the IGF-IR only when activated by its ligands. We describe and characterize in this paper such an antibody and show that it can be used in sections of human cancers to detect an autophosphorylated IGF-IR. This antibody will be useful in detecting autocrine or paracrine influences on normal and tumor cells and could eventually be also useful in diagnostic and prognostic studies of human primary and metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rubini
- University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44100, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- D Coppola
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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Levin S, Catalano E, Alexander JB, Pello M. Superior mesenteric arterial occlusion from a leiomyoma. J Vasc Surg 1998; 27:559-62. [PMID: 9546246 DOI: 10.1016/s0741-5214(98)70334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a solitary leiomyoma of the superior mesenteric artery resulting in arterial occlusion and gangrenous bowel. On histologic evaluation the lesion extended into the vessel lumen off its stalk and showed immunostaining for smooth muscle antigen and desmin. Leiomyomas can arise anywhere there is smooth muscle and occur most commonly in the uterus followed by the skin and gastrointestinal tract. We could not identify any previous case in the literature of a leiomyoma arising from within the wall of a mesenteric vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Levin
- Department of Surgery, The Cooper Health System, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, NJ, USA
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Salartash K, Gallucci J, Quinn J, Catalano E, Slotman G. The cardiopulmonary, eicosanoid, and tissue microanatomic effects of fluconazole during graded bacteremia. Shock 1996; 6:206-12. [PMID: 8885087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Imidazole compounds have been shown to be beneficial in systemic sepsis and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to delineate the effects of fluconazole on systemic hemodynamics and on microanatomy of the heart, lung, liver, and kidney parenchyma of swine during graded bacteremia. Eighteen adult swine were studied in three groups: 1), anesthesia control; 2), septic control (Aeromonas hydrophila, 10(9)/mL, infused i.v. for 4 h); 3) fluconazole (fluconazole, 30 mg/kg i.v., followed by A. hydrophila infusion). After 4 h of graded bacteremia, autopsy was performed. Compared with the septic control group, cardiac index, oxygen delivery, and oxygen consumption were reduced significantly after fluconazole pretreatment, and mixed venous hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SVO2) and oxygen extraction were increased. Plasma thromboxane A2 and leukotriene levels were not affected by fluconazole. Computerized digital image analysis of the liver, heart, and kidney specimens revealed no statistically significant differences between the septic control group and fluconazole-pretreated animals. In the lung specimens, preinfusion of fluconazole decreased alveolar wall thickness in septic swine (anesthesia control group: 8.15 x 10(-3) +/- 1.3 x 10(-3)mm versus septic control group: 9.9 x 10(-3) +/- 1.3 x 10(-4) versus fluconazole group: 6.8 x 10(-3) +/- 1.6 x 10(-3); p < or = .05). Fluconazole pretreatment before graded bacteremia has no beneficial effect on cardiopulmonary performance or septic tissue edema of the heart, kidney, or liver. Tissue oxygen metabolism might be down-regulated by fluconazole. However, preinfusion of fluconazole appears to normalize the sepsis-induced increase in pulmonary alveolar wall thickness. The net significance of these changes on clinical outcome is not clear from these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Salartash
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden 08103, USA
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19
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Abstract
Determination of DNA ploidy has been found to be of diagnostic and prognostic value with regard to many solid tumors. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy is dependent on the binding of fluorescent dyes to DNA. Preserving cell morphology by fixing the tissue in formalin interferes with the binding of propidium iodide (PI) and other fluorescent dyes to DNA. This distortion of DNA content measurement can cause inaccuracies in DNA-ploidy determinations of formalin-fixed tissue specimens and precludes the use of appropriate DNA standards. Therefore, it has been impossible to determine accurately the DNA ploidy of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Using formalin-fixed cells as a model for FFPE cells, we developed a thermal treatment method to reverse the effect of formalin on the binding of propidium iodide to DNA. Applying this approach to the preparation of FFPE lymph node and breast tissue for DNA analysis, we have developed a method that makes the binding of PI to the DNA of FFPE tissue mimic that of fresh tissue. Following dewaxing, rehydration, and trypsin treatment, the FFPE tissue, resuspended in PBS, was heated to 75 degrees C for 90 min to restore the PI binding to that of fresh cells. This method makes it possible to use fresh, DNA-diploid cells as an internal control and, thus, determine more accurately the DNA ploidy of tumors preserved in formalin and paraffin.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Overton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cooper Hospital/UMC, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden 08103, USA
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20
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Cariello S, Catalano E, Napoli D, Di Gennaro D, Frusciante A. 198 Medullary compression and radiotherapy. Eur J Cancer 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)95455-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McCoy JP, Johnson E, Catalano E, Blumstein L, Overton WR, Gryn J, Donaldson MH. Detection and monitoring of a concomitant atypical myeloproliferative disorder and chronic lymphocytic leukemia by flow-cytometric immunophenotyping. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1995; 119:1038-43. [PMID: 7487404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To illustrate the utility of a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies to detect secondary processes or unexpected characteristics of the primary blood dyscrasia. DESIGN Case report and discussion. SETTING Regional academic medical center. PATIENT A 64-year-old man presenting with an apparent acute myeloid leukemia. INTERVENTIONS Sequential immunophenotyping with a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies to monitor progression of disease and response to therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Identification and monitoring of the two atypical populations in this patient with correlation to the clinical status of the patient. RESULTS Identification of an unsuspected mature lymphoid clone and characterization of the evolution of the myelomonocytic clone. CONCLUSION The evolving mature lymphoid clone may have been overlooked in the context of a predominant atypical myeloproliferative process, particularly if a limited panel of monoclonal antibodies had been used for immunophenotyping. Sequential immunophenotyping was useful in monitoring the progression of each atypical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P McCoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Cooper Hospital-University Medical Center, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, USA
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22
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Kostman JR, Patel M, Catalano E, Camacho J, Hoffpauir J, DiNubile MJ. Invasive colitis and hepatitis due to previously uncharacterized spirochetes in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21:1159-65. [PMID: 8589136 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/21.5.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe three patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, two with colitis and one with cholestatic hepatitis, for whom results of detailed endoscopic and histologic studies were suggestive of invasive spirochetosis. In the two patients with colitis, colonoscopic evaluation revealed either diffuse ulcerations or pustules; in both cases, there was histologic evidence of extensive superficial cell necrosis and infiltration of the mucosa and lamina propria with acute inflammatory cells. Spirochetes in the mucosa and crypts were visualized by Warthin-Starry silver staining. Morphologically similar spirochetes throughout the liver specimen from the patient with cholestatic hepatitis were demonstrated by Warthin-Starry silver staining. Analysis with electron microscopy revealed these organisms to be loosely coiled spirochetes. Despite extensive evaluation, no other pathogens were identified. Invasive spirochetal infection, as defined by the results of Warthin-Starry silver staining of involved tissues, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with HIV infection who have otherwise unexplained colitis or cholestatic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Kostman
- Department of Medicine, Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, USA
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23
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Gaglione T, Catalano E, Chiaverini R. [Torsion of testicular appendages: a case of acute scrotum due to torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni]. G Chir 1995; 16:245-7. [PMID: 7654503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The torsion of testicular appendages is the most frequent cause of acute scrotum in pediatric patients. The Authors report a case of Morgagni's hydatid torsion and stress that surgical exploration is the best therapeutical choice whenever the etiological diagnosis is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gaglione
- Divisione di Chirurgia Generale, Regione Molise-Presidio Ospedaliero, S.S. Rosario, Venafro, Isernia
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24
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Volino F, Galera F, Catalano E, Di Gennaro D, Russo R. [Cervicofacial neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinoma: radiotherapy]. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 1994; 14:651-7. [PMID: 7740965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The Authors report a case of Merkel cell carcinoma of the cervicofacial district, particular due to its clinical and evolutive characteristics. The Merkel cell carcinoma was first identified by Toker in 1972 and is also known as a primary neuroendocrine the or trabecular carcinoma of the skin. The Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare aggressive skin cancer most frequently localized in the cervicofacial district. Although in earlier reports on the clinical history of these tumors primary emphasis was placed on their local aggressive behaviour, it has recently become evident that these neoplasms have a marked propensity for early dissemination. Distant metastases are often responsible for disease-related mortality. Merkel cell carcinoma have classically been managed with surgery alone or surgery followed by radiation therapy. Treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma with radiation therapy alone has usually been reserved for advanced unresectable tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Volino
- Divisione di Otorinolaringoiatria, Ospedali Riuniti, Salerno
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25
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Only five cases of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), a rare tumor of head and neck, have been reported to involve the floor of mouth. METHODS Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of eight BSCC of floor of mouth were studied to evaluate the significance of the basaloid features. RESULTS Five patients were male and three were female. Their mean age was 52 years (range, 39-59). At presentation, one patient was diagnosed with Stage II disease, four were diagnosed with Stage III disease, and three were diagnosed with Stage IV disease. Aside from typical squamous differentiation, each patient had a component of basaloid cells arranged in irregular nests, cords, or pseudoglandular spaces with a brisk mitotic rate, myxoid stroma, and marked tendency for perineural invasion. A panel of immunostains yielded the following results: keratin, +8/8; carcinoembryonic antigen, +3/8; and S-100, chromogranin, and neuron-specific enolase were negative. Mucin stains were negative in all cases. Ultrastructural characterization of three BSCC revealed squamous differentiation of the basaloid cells and a peculiar basal membrane-like material in between them. No neurosecretory granules were present. Seven patients underwent surgery; six of them were also treated with postoperative radiation therapy. In two cases, chemotherapy was added at recurrence. One nonresectable patient received radiation and chemotherapy. At the last follow-up, five patients were dead of disease within 13 months from the diagnosis. One patient died of an unknown cause. Two patients were still alive at the time of this report, 4 and 2 months after treatment. Seven patients had recurrent disease. The authors compared these data with a control group of patients with conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CONCLUSIONS The authors' results indicate that BSCC of floor of mouth is an aggressive variant of SCC and is prognostically worse than the conventional SCC, regardless of the grade of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Coppola
- Department of Pathology, Temple University Hospital and School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Only five cases of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), a rare tumor of head and neck, have been reported to involve the floor of mouth. METHODS Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of eight BSCC of floor of mouth were studied to evaluate the significance of the basaloid features. RESULTS Five patients were male and three were female. Their mean age was 52 years (range, 39-59). At presentation, one patient was diagnosed with Stage II disease, four were diagnosed with Stage III disease, and three were diagnosed with Stage IV disease. Aside from typical squamous differentiation, each patient had a component of basaloid cells arranged in irregular nests, cords, or pseudoglandular spaces with a brisk mitotic rate, myxoid stroma, and marked tendency for perineural invasion. A panel of immunostains yielded the following results: keratin, +8/8; carcinoembryonic antigen, +3/8; and S-100, chromogranin, and neuron-specific enolase were negative. Mucin stains were negative in all cases. Ultrastructural characterization of three BSCC revealed squamous differentiation of the basaloid cells and a peculiar basal membrane-like material in between them. No neurosecretory granules were present. Seven patients underwent surgery; six of them were also treated with postoperative radiation therapy. In two cases, chemotherapy was added at recurrence. One nonresectable patient received radiation and chemotherapy. At the last follow-up, five patients were dead of disease within 13 months from the diagnosis. One patient died of an unknown cause. Two patients were still alive at the time of this report, 4 and 2 months after treatment. Seven patients had recurrent disease. The authors compared these data with a control group of patients with conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CONCLUSIONS The authors' results indicate that BSCC of floor of mouth is an aggressive variant of SCC and is prognostically worse than the conventional SCC, regardless of the grade of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Coppola
- Department of Pathology, Temple University Hospital and School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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27
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Vitturi R, Catalano E, Conte MRL, Pellerito L. Chemically induced chromosome damage in early-developing embryos ofAnilocra physodes L. (Crustacea, Isopoda) following exposure to bis[Dimethyltin(IV)Chloro]protoporphyrin IX. Appl Organomet Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.590070502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Botturi M, Panzarasa R, Agostara B, Armaroli L, Belli M, Barone D, Boccone F, Busutti L, Catalano E, Ciambellotti E. [Effects of immunomodulation on antineoplastic radiotherapy. A controlled clinical study]. Radiol Med 1993; 86:327-35. [PMID: 8210543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that thymic hormones can counteract immunodepression due to radiation therapy, preventing and reducing the severity and the number of myelotoxic and hematologic reactions. We tried to confirm these findings in a controlled multicenter clinical study involving 1,060 patients undergoing radiation therapy (580 treated with thymopentin 50 mg s.c. every other day, after irradiation and for at least 6 cycles of 4 weeks each, and 480 control patients). Highly statistically significant results (to the ANOVA test) were obtained in the protection against radiation-induced leukopenia in the treated group; furthermore, the treated patients had a marked reduction (p = 0.003 chi 2 test) in the early delayed reactions to irradiation, namely in the upper aero-digestive tract. In general, we observed a better, but not statistically significant recovery of the blood parameters, lymphocyte subsets and skin tests in the treated group versus the control group. Both of the treated groups showed the same trend for Karnofsky performance status and body weight. The local and general protection provided by thymopentin against the reactions to irradiation could be advantageously used for the administration of higher doses of radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Botturi
- Divisione di Radioterapia, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milano
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29
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Vitturi R, Mansueto C, Catalano E, Pellerito L, Girasolo MA. Spermatocyte chromosome alterations intruncatella subcylindrica (L., 1767) (Mollusca, Mesogastropoda) following exposure to dibutyltin(IV) and tributyltin(IV) chlorides. Appl Organomet Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.590060609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vitturi R, Colombera D, Catalano E, Amico FP. Spermatocyte chromosome analysis of Helicella virgata (Pulmonata: Helicidae): silver-stained and C-banded chromosomes. J Hered 1991; 82:339-43. [PMID: 1715356 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome numbers of the snail Helicella virgata from the fields of Castellammare del Golfo (Sicily) are n = 26 and 2n = 52. Silver-staining analyses of testicular cells suggest that both mitotic and meiotic chromosomes are involved in nucleolus organization. A within-individual variability in NOR-banding pattern is present in each of the 20 specimens analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vitturi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Palermo, Italy
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31
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Vitturi R, Mazzola A, Catalano E, Conte MRL. Karyotype analysis, nucleolar organizer regions(NORs), and C-banding pattern of Dicentrarchus iabrax(L.) and Dicentrarchus punctatus(Block, 1792)(Pisces, Perciformes) with evidence of chromosomal structural polymorphism. CYTOLOGIA 1990. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.55.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Vitturi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Palermo
| | - A. Mazzola
- Institute of Zoology, University of Palermo
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Vitturi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Palermo
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Abstract
An experiment with an animal model was designed to investigate whether an arterialized and innervated muscle flap has an optimal tension when being inset. Arterialized pedicle muscle flap operations using various tensions at the time of insetting were performed on beagles. At three months no acute, recent, or chronic changes were noted in the muscle fiber or in the surrounding connective tissue when biopsy samples were examined microscopically. We conclude that the tension of a pedicle muscle flap makes no difference in its long-term compliance or morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Manstein
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
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34
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Abstract
In the present investigation the diploid number 2n = 48 (NF = 58) has been determined for females, primary males, and secondary males of Coris julis from the Gulf of Palermo. Differentiated sex chromosomes have not been observed in the population under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vitturi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Palermo, Italy
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35
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Iuliano G, Sasso FS, Saponiero R, Di Domenico G, Elmo M, Catalano E. Radiotherapy in patients with cerebral metastases. Rays 1988; 13:89-94. [PMID: 3251305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Vitturi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Palermo
- Vitturi Roberto, Istituto di Zoologia
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Catalano E, Sasso FS, Alessandro M. [Postactinic dental complications: radiotherapy involvement in Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome]. Minerva Stomatol 1986; 35:1209-16. [PMID: 3547073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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38
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Vitturi R, Carbone P, Macaluso M, Catalano E. Karyotypic Variability in the Gadid Fish, Gaidropsarus mediterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758). COPEIA 1986. [DOI: 10.2307/1444972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Vitturi R, Carbone P, Catalano E, Macaluso M. CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHISM IN GOBIUS PAGANELLUS, LINNEO 1758 (PISCES, GOBIIDAE). Biol Bull 1984; 167:658-668. [PMID: 29320258 DOI: 10.2307/1541417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation the diploid numbers 2n = 45, 2n = 46, 2n = 47, and 2n = 48 have been determined for Gobius paganellus. Specimens of different sex were found to have exactly the same karyotype. This species is characterized by two fundamental numbers: NF = 47, and NF = 48. Chromosome polymorphism due to different chromosome rearrangements within the A-type complement is present in this species.
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Abstract
By counting spermatocyte and oocyte bivalents and mitotic metaphase chromosomes in cleaving eggs, we have determined both the haploid (n = 19) and the diploid numbers (2n = 38) respectively, for the species Teredo utriculus. An XY and XO sex-determining mechanism is absent in the species under study. chromosomes cannot be grouped into different classes according to length. It seems that, for Teredo utriculus, a high number of chromosomes is not necessarily accompanied by a high amount of chromosomal DNA.
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Abstract
We report a 73-year-old woman with homozygous ZZ alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), micronodular cirrhosis, cholestatic jaundice, and emphysema. An elevated SGOT/SGPT ratio was noted in the absence of chronic alcoholism. ERCP demonstrated a normal extrahepatic biliary system and suggested obstruction of the intrahepatic ducts. An operative liver biopsy demonstrated periodic acid-Schiff-positive, diastase resistant intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. This patient reminds us that metabolic causes of cryptogenic liver disease need to be considered, even in the elderly. We review briefly the literature concerning AATD and liver disease.
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Abstract
The stroma and stromal reaction in the normal colon and in 14 different colonic tumors were studied by electron microscopy. Elastosis is a significant part of the stromal reaction to colonic adenocarcinomas and rectal squamous cell carcinomas. Two carcinoid tumors elicited no significant elastosis. In some of the adenocarcinomas, small muscular arteries close to neoplastic tissue developed massive elastosis of the media. This may indicate that the elastosis is due to stimulation of nonneoplastic stromal cells by some unknown neoplastic factor or factors.
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Catalano E, Mammucari R, Giacomini GM, Cattano MR, Maitei S. Valutazione Clinica E Bacteriologica Dell'Acido Pipemidico Nelle Infezioni Urinarie. Urologia 1980. [DOI: 10.1177/039156038004700306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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44
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Verga V, Catalano E. [Radiotherapy of hemolymphopathies of odontostomatological interest]. Minerva Stomatol 1980; 29:137-138. [PMID: 6935504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Abstract
A symptomatic myelolipoma of the heterotopic adrenal gland was diagnosed as the cause of nephrotic syndrome and was surgically removed. Remission of the nephrotic syndrome promptly ensued. Ultrastructurally, the tumor consisted of well-differentiated cells resembling adrenal cortical cells, bone marrow cells in various stages of differentiation, and lipid cells. Some cells that contained fat were of adrenal cortical origin, but the derivation of most lipid cells and of bone marrow elements could not be deduced from the present ultrastructural findings.
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Pollock JL, Catalano E. Metastatic ductal carcinoma of the parotid gland in a patient with sarcoidosis. Arch Dermatol 1979; 115:1098-9. [PMID: 226003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A 38-year-old man with a history of sarcoidosis and ductal carcinoma of the parotid had metastasis to the pleura and skin. This skin metastasis resembled carcinoma of the breast. There is a possibility of sarcoidosis with its depressed cellular immunity predisposing to malignancy.
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47
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Montuori R, Di Girolamo RD, Catalano E. [Prevention and therapy of leukemic meningeal disease studied in 73 cases]. Minerva Med 1975; 66:2586-96. [PMID: 1057053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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Catalano E. Radiological evidence of urinary tract alterations in rectum and sigmoid colon tumours. Panminerva Med 1974; 16:171-6. [PMID: 4422862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Catalano E. [Selection of contrast media and exposition factors in intraoperative cholangiography. Experimental studies]. Radiol Med 1969; 55:226-31. [PMID: 5202457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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50
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Catalano E, Tunesi G. [Clinical-statistical report of the cases of cheek cancers(mucous side) treated at the Istituto del Radio "O.Alberti" during 1949-1965]. Radiol Med 1967; 53:480-96. [PMID: 4975403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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