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Silva FL, Lanza MRV, Saez C, Rodrigo MA. Electrochemical dewatering for the removal of hazardous species from sludge. J Environ Manage 2019; 233:768-773. [PMID: 30318156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work focuses on the evaluation of the electrochemical dewatering of sludge polluted with model hazardous species. To do this, two sludge samples taken from the outlet of the anaerobic digesters of the municipal Wastewater Treatment Facility of Ciudad Real were polluted with herbicide clopyralid (CP) and with antibiotics amoxicillin (AMX) and ampicillin (AMP), respectively. These sludge samples underwent first dewatering by press filtration and then, the dewatering continued by the application of an electrochemically assisted driven process with increasing electric fields (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 V cm-1). Results demonstrate that the electrochemically-assisted process can help to exhaust the pollutant adsorbed onto the sludge and attain a supplemental removal (up to 15%) of water in both cases. This is a highly important result, because it can help to develop technologies for sludge treatment that avoid the diffusion of hazardous pollution during the land application of the sludge. No reactivity of the pollutants was observed during the tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Silva
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - M R V Lanza
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - C Saez
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M A Rodrigo
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Barroso LMA, Nascimento M, Nascimento ACC, Silva FF, Serão NVL, Cruz CD, Resende MDV, Silva FL, Azevedo CF, Lopes PS, Guimarães SEF. Regularized quantile regression for SNP marker estimation of pig growth curves. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:59. [PMID: 28702191 PMCID: PMC5504997 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic growth curves are generally defined only in terms of population mean; an alternative approach that has not yet been exploited in genomic analyses of growth curves is the Quantile Regression (QR). This methodology allows for the estimation of marker effects at different levels of the variable of interest. We aimed to propose and evaluate a regularized quantile regression for SNP marker effect estimation of pig growth curves, as well as to identify the chromosome regions of the most relevant markers and to estimate the genetic individual weight trajectory over time (genomic growth curve) under different quantiles (levels). Results The regularized quantile regression (RQR) enabled the discovery, at different levels of interest (quantiles), of the most relevant markers allowing for the identification of QTL regions. We found the same relevant markers simultaneously affecting different growth curve parameters (mature weight and maturity rate): two (ALGA0096701 and ALGA0029483) for RQR(0.2), one (ALGA0096701) for RQR(0.5), and one (ALGA0003761) for RQR(0.8). Three average genomic growth curves were obtained and the behavior was explained by the curve in quantile 0.2, which differed from the others. Conclusions RQR allowed for the construction of genomic growth curves, which is the key to identifying and selecting the most desirable animals for breeding purposes. Furthermore, the proposed model enabled us to find, at different levels of interest (quantiles), the most relevant markers for each trait (growth curve parameter estimates) and their respective chromosomal positions (identification of new QTL regions for growth curves in pigs). These markers can be exploited under the context of marker assisted selection while aiming to change the shape of pig growth curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M A Barroso
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - M Nascimento
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - A C C Nascimento
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - F F Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - N V L Serão
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Kildee Hall 50011 Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - C D Cruz
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - M D V Resende
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil.,Embrapa Forestry, Estrada da Ribeira, km 111, Colombo, PR Brazil
| | - F L Silva
- Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - C F Azevedo
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - P S Lopes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - S E F Guimarães
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P H Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
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Dantas SAG, Silva FCS, Silva LJ, Silva FL. Strategy for selection of soybean genotypes tolerant to drought during germination. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-02-gmr.16029654. [PMID: 28510257 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16029654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Water deficit is the main reason for instability in the context of soybean culture. The development of strategies for the selection of more tolerant genotypes is necessary. These strategies include the use of polyethylene glycol 6000 solutions (PEG-6000) for conducting the germination test under conditions of water restriction. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the osmotic potential and the main characteristics that promote the discrimination of soybean genotypes with regard to water stress tolerance during germination and the vigor test. Thirteen soybean cultivars were used. The seeds were allowed to germinate on sheets of germitest paper moistened in solution with PEG-6000, simulating different levels of water availability, which is expressed as osmotic potential (0.0, -0.2, -0.4, and -0.6 MPa). We assessed germination, length, and dry mass for seedlings and seeds, as well as reserve dynamics. Germination and variables related to the dynamics of reservation have great influence on the expression of variability in environments under stress. Among the different osmotic potentials, the -0.2 MPa was the most efficient for the expression of genetic variability among the cultivars. Conducting the germination test with PEG-6000 solution to -0.2 MPa was efficient for selecting soybean cultivars tolerant to water stress. This was accomplished by evaluating the percentage of germination, along with variables related to the dynamics of reservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A G Dantas
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - F C S Silva
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - L J Silva
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - F L Silva
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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Simas PS, Antonin VS, Parreira LS, Hammer P, Silva FL, Kronka MS, Valim RB, Lanza MRV, Santos MC. Carbon Modified with Vanadium Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrogeneration. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-017-0366-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oliveira TNA, Guedes PEB, Souza GB, Carvalho FS, Alberto Carlos RS, Albuquerque GR, Munhoz AD, Silva FL. Diagnosis and epidemiology of canine leishmaniasis in southeastern Bahia, Brazil. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8684. [PMID: 27706707 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Two distinct forms are recognized: visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). In the Americas, the causative agent of VL is L. infantum chagasi, whereas L. braziliensis is principally responsible for CL. Domestic dogs constitute the main source of VL in urban environments, and have also been implicated in CL epidemiology. We carried out molecular and serological surveys to detect Leishmania infection in dogs from the municipality of Ituberá in Bahia, Brazil. Furthermore, we identified risk factors associated with illness in dogs from this locality. Blood samples were collected from 399 dogs and tested using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Leishmania spp antibodies and L. infantum chagasi and L. braziliensis DNA, respectively. Dogs were clinically evaluated and tissue samples from those exhibiting skin lesions were examined for parasites. In addition, the dog owners completed an epidemiological questionnaire to identify factors associated with infection. Skin lesions consistent with CL were found on 37 (9.3%) of the evaluated animals, but parasitological examination was negative for all samples. The IFA returned positive results for 60 (15%) dogs. PCR identified DNA from L. braziliensis in 86 (21.6%) animals, where as all samples proved negative for L. infantum chagasi. The 134 dogs (33.6%) testing positive using IFA and/ or PCR were considered infected, and of these, only 13 demonstrated skin lesions. Animals from rural areas were 3.39-times more likely to be infected compared to those in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N A Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - P E B Guedes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - G B Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - F S Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - R S Alberto Carlos
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Hospital Veterinário, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - G R Albuquerque
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Hospital Veterinário, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - A D Munhoz
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Hospital Veterinário, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - F L Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Hospital Veterinário, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
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Vale NM, Barili LD, Souza MH, Moura LMM, Carneiro JES, Carneiro PC, Silva FL. Effect of generations and environments in the analysis of a partial diallel to improve bean earliness. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:8219-28. [PMID: 26345747 DOI: 10.4238/2015.july.27.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to select genitors based on F1 and F2 generations, evaluated in different environments, to obtain segregating populations for the identification of strains showing improved earliness, yield, and carioca-type grains. Nine bean strains were crossed in a partial diallel scheme (4 x 5), in which group 1 included 4 strains with early cycles and group 2 included 5 elite strains. The F1 and F2 generations and the genitors were assessed in Coimbra and Viçosa in randomized blocks with 3 replications. The following characteristics were evaluated: days between sowing and emergence, and grain yield. We observed an interaction between the effects of general combining ability and specific combining ability with the environments (crop, location, and generation) for both grain earliness and yield. Genetic analysis of earliness revealed a predominance of additive effects and grain yield dominance effects. The strain Goiano Precoce may be used as a genitor in breeding programs to improve earliness, while strains RP1 and VC33 can be used to increase grain yield. We observed genetic complementation between strains Goiano Precoce and RP1, BRSMG Madrepérola and BRS Estilo for earliness and between RP1 and Rosinha Precoce for grain yield.
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Wageck B, Nunes GS, Silva FL, Damasceno MCP, de Noronha M. Application and effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in critically ill patients: systematic review. Med Intensiva 2014; 38:444-54. [PMID: 25060511 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the applications and effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in critically ill patients in ICU by means of a systematic review. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic searches were conducted in the databases Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, AMED, and PEDro. The PEDro score was used to assess the methodological quality of the eligible studies. RESULTS The search yielded a total of 9759 titles and nine articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. These studies showed that NMES can maintain or increase muscle mass, strength and volume, reduce time in mechanical ventilation and weaning time, and increase muscle degradation in critically ill patients in ICU. Two studies allowed a meta-analysis of the effects of NMES on quadriceps femoris strength and it showed a significant effect in favor of NMES in the Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale (standardized mean difference 0.77 points; p=0.02; 95% CI: 0.13-1.40). CONCLUSIONS The selected studies showed that NMES has good results when used for the maintenance of muscle mass and strength in critically ill patients in ICU. Future studies with high methodological quality should be conducted to provide more evidence for the use of NMES in an ICU setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wageck
- Department of Physiotherapy, Center of Health and Sport Sciences, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - G S Nunes
- Department of Physiotherapy, Center of Health and Sport Sciences, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - F L Silva
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia Dona Carolina Malheiros, São João da Boa Vista, Brazil
| | - M C P Damasceno
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia Dona Carolina Malheiros, São João da Boa Vista, Brazil
| | - M de Noronha
- Department of Physiotherapy, Center of Health and Sport Sciences, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil; Department of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
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Silva FL, Wiedenbrug S. Integrating DNA barcodes and morphology for species delimitation in the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). Bull Entomol Res 2014; 104:65-78. [PMID: 24112240 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485313000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we use DNA barcodes for species delimitation to solve taxonomic conflicts in 86 specimens of 14 species belonging to the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Molecular analysis of cytochrome c-oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences supported 14 cohesive species groups, of which two similar groups were subsequently associated with morphological variation at the pupal stage. Eleven species previously described based on morphological criteria were linked to DNA markers. Furthermore, there is the possibility that there may be cryptic species within the Corynoneura group, since one group of species presented internal grouping, although no morphological divergence was observed. Our results support DNA-barcoding as an excellent tool for species delimitation in groups where taxonomy by means of morphology is difficult or even impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Silva
- Laboratory of Aquatic Entomology, Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - S Wiedenbrug
- Museum of Zoology, University of São Paulo, Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Setúbal SS, Pontes AS, Furtado JL, Xavier CV, Silva FL, Kayano AM, Izidoro LFM, Soares AM, Calderon LA, Stábeli RG, Zuliani JP. Action of two phospholipases A2 purified from Bothrops alternatus snake venom on macrophages. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2013; 78:194-203. [PMID: 23581990 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro effects of BaltTX-I, a catalytically inactive Lys49 variant of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and BaltTX-II, an Asp49 catalytically active PLA2 isolated from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, on thioglycollate-elicited macrophages (TG-macrophages) were investigated. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, the secretory PLA2 BaltTX-I but not BaltTX-II stimulated complement receptor-mediated phagocytosis. Pharmacological treatment of TG-macrophages with staurosporine, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, showed that this kinase is involved in the increase of serum-opsonized zymosan phagocytosis induced by BaltTX-I but not BaltTX-II secretory PLA2, suggesting that PKC may be involved in the stimulatory effect of this toxin in serum-opsonized zymosan phagocytosis. Moreover, BaltTX-I and -II induced superoxide production by TG-macrophages. This superoxide production stimulated by both PLA2s was abolished after treatment of cells with staurosporine, indicating that PKC is an important signaling pathway for the production of this radical. Our experiments showed that, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, BaltTX-I may upregulate phagocytosis via complement receptors, and that both toxins upregulated the respiratory burst in TG-macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Setúbal
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biotecnologia e Laboratório de Cultivo Celular e Anticorpos Monoclonais, Instituto de Pesquisas em Patologias Tropicais, Porto Velho, Rondônia, CEP 76812-245, Brazil.
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Tizioto PC, Decker JE, Taylor JF, Schnabel RD, Mudadu MA, Silva FL, Mourão GB, Coutinho LL, Tholon P, Sonstegard TS, Rosa AN, Alencar MM, Tullio RR, Medeiros SR, Nassu RT, Feijó GLD, Silva LOC, Torres RA, Siqueira F, Higa RH, Regitano LCA. Genome scan for meat quality traits in Nelore beef cattle. Physiol Genomics 2013; 45:1012-20. [PMID: 24022219 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00066.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat quality traits are economically important because they affect consumers' acceptance, which, in turn, influences the demand for beef. However, selection to improve meat quality is limited by the small numbers of animals on which meat tenderness can be evaluated due to the cost of performing shear force analysis and the resultant damage to the carcass. Genome wide-association studies for Warner-Bratzler shear force measured at different times of meat aging, backfat thickness, ribeye muscle area, scanning parameters [lightness, redness (a*), and yellowness] to ascertain color characteristics of meat and fat, water-holding capacity, cooking loss (CL), and muscle pH were conducted using genotype data from the Illumina BovineHD BeadChip array to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) in all phenotyped Nelore cattle. Phenotype count for these animals ranged from 430 to 536 across traits. Meat quality traits in Nelore are controlled by numerous QTL of small effect, except for a small number of large-effect QTL identified for a*fat, CL, and pH. Genomic regions harboring these QTL and the pathways in which the genes from these regions act appear to differ from those identified in taurine cattle for meat quality traits. These results will guide future QTL mapping studies and the development of models for the prediction of genetic merit to implement genomic selection for meat quality in Nelore cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Tizioto
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Magalhães FA, Tosi CH, Garri RG, Chellappa S, Silva FL. Cetacean diversity on the Parnaiba Delta, Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2008; 68:545-51. [PMID: 18833476 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842008000300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the research of cetacean surveys on the Brazilian coast has brought new data on the distribution of species never reported before. The present work reviews the current knowledge on cetaceans species and extends this knowledge with an analysis of cetaceans stranded in the Parnaiba Delta, on the coast of Maranhão State, Brazil. The studies on cetacean diversity on the coast of the Parnaíba Delta were made from August 2004 to August 2006. Fourteen strandings were reported, representing six distinct species, such as the estuarine dolphin (Sotalia guianensis), humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni), dwarf minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), pigmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and two specimens which have not yet been identified. The significant degree of cetacean diversity in the region shows that the Parnaíba Delta is, possibly, of an important area for cetacean studies in Brasil.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Rocha LP, Fraga AB, Araújo Filho JT, Figueira RF, Pacheco KMG, Silva FL, Rodrigues DS. Desempenho de cordeiros cruzados em Alagoas, Brasil. ARCH ZOOTEC 2007. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v58i221.5334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar cordeiros provenientes de cruzamentos e estimar alguns efeitos de ambiente que afetam o desempenho desses animais em um plantel de ovinos deslanados no Estado de Alagoas. As características estudadas foram peso ao nascer, aos 15, 30 e 45 dias de idade. Foram incluídos os efeitos de tipo de parto (simples ou múltiplos), sexo do produto, genótipo (Santa Inês (SI), Dorper x Santa Inês (DxSI), Cabugi x Santa Inês (CxSI) e Mestiço x Santa Inês (MxSI)) e grupo de contemporâneos (mês e ano de nascimento) em 128 informações de parições. As médias de peso ao nascer para os cordeiros SI, D x SI, C x SI e M x SI foram de 3,32; 3,59; 2,95 e 3,28 kg, respectivamente. As médias de peso aos 45 dias de idade para os cordeiros SI, D x SI, C x SI e M x SI foram 9,09; 9,17; 10,58 e 9,08 kg respectivamente. O efeito de tipo de parto foi significativo para todas as variáveis em estudo indicando que animais oriundos de partos simples apresentaram pesos superiores na pré desmama. Os efeitos de sexo e genótipo não foram significativos para nenhumas das características. O grupo de contemporâneos foi significativo apenas para peso ao nascer.
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Abstract
In this study, we investigated the dynamics of a computer simulation of a continuous alcoholic fermentation process combined with a flash column under vacuum. The alcohol was partially extracted in order to maintain its concentration at about 40 kg/m3 in the fermentor. The mathematical model of the fermentation was developed for industrial conditions and considers the effect of the temperature on the kinetic parameters. The performance of the dynamic matrix control algorithm, single input single output and multiple input multiple output, for the control of the extractive process was studied. The concepts of factorial design were used in a simulation study to determine the best control structures for the process.
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