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Homman LE, Smart SE, O'Neill F, MacCabe JH. Attrition in longitudinal studies among patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses; findings from the STRATA collaboration. Psychiatry Res 2021; 305:114211. [PMID: 34601449 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A major problem with longitudinal studies is the bias generated due to attrition, particularly apparent amongst patients suffering from psychotic disorders. Factors associated with study-participation were investigated as part of a larger research collaboration (STRATA). Out of 479 eligible participants, only 50 (10,4%) were successfully followed up. The present study investigated whether study participation differed depending on baseline characteristics. Results indicated that individuals who did not participate were more likely to report an alcohol use disorder while those who did respond were more likely to have been in full-time education for longer and be of white ethnicity. Participation did not differ depending on diagnosis, symptoms, GAF, age of onset or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Homman
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queens University Belfast, Block B, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; Department of of Culture and Society (IKOS), Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - S E Smart
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - F O'Neill
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queens University Belfast, Block B, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - J H MacCabe
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
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Conlon N, McDermott M, Browne B, Roche S, O'Neill F, Meiller J, Browne A, Eustace A, Collins DM, O'Donovan N, Crown J. Abstract P5-03-02: Pre-clinical investigation of PP2A inhibitor LB-100 in overcoming and preventing lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) accounts for approximately 15% of all BC. HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab and lapatinib, have significantly improved the outcome for these patients. However, HER2-targeted therapy resistance is a common clinical issue. We have previously shown that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a role in mediating acquired lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive BC and that response to lapatinib is enhancedin vitroby the lab-grade PP2A inhibitor, okadaic acid. The aim of this study was to examine the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of LB-100, a PP2A inhibitor that has completed phase I clinical testing (NCT01837667), in models of HER2-positive BC with acquired resistance to lapatinib.
Methods: HER2-positiveSKBR3 and HCC1954 BC cell lines were treated with 250 nM or 1 μM lapatinib, respectively, for 6 months to generate lapatinib-resistant SKBR3-L and HCC1954-L cell lines. In vitro sensitivity to lapatinib and LB-100 was assessed by 2D acid phosphatase assay. Combination index (CI) values were generated to identify synergistic combinations. Propidium iodide staining was used to determine cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In order to examine the in vivo efficacy of LB-100, HCC1954-L cells were implanted into the mammary fat pad of BALB/c nude mice and treated with vehicle, lapatinib, LB-100, or lapatinib plus LB-100. To examine the prevention of the development of lapatinib resistance, SKBR3 and HCC1954 cells were treated twice weekly with lapatinib, LB-100 or the combination and stained with crystal violet when confluent.
Results: SKBR3-L and HCC1954-L cells were resistant to lapatinib at clinically relevant concentrations (IC50values = 2.37 ± 0.58 μM and 1.67 ± 0.34 μM). This represents a 46- and 5.2-fold decrease in lapatinib sensitivity. LB-100 had a greater anti-proliferative effect in the lapatinib-resistant SKBR3-L and HCC1954-L cell lines compared to their respective parental cell lines (IC50values = 2.12 ± 0.2 μM v 5.38 ± 0.6 μM, and 2.31 ± 0.19 μM v 5.32 ± 0.82 μM, respectively). LB-100 overcame lapatinib resistance in both models, as lapatinib plus LB-100 was synergistic in both cell lines (CI values = 0.56 ± 0.13 and 0.68 ±0.26). LB-100 caused cell death through the induction of apoptosis in SKBR3- L (p = 0.019) and HCC1954-L (p = 0.046) and the addition of lapatinib to LB-100 increased apoptotic induction in HCC1954-L cells (p=0.046).Lapatinib plus LB-100 was well tolerated in vivo. The HCC1954-L cell line maintained resistance to lapatinib in vivo and the combination of lapatinib and LB-100 significantly reduced HCC1954-L tumour volume compared to all other treatment arms (p = 0.0006). Interestingly, in vitro short-term resistance assays showed that the addition of LB-100 to lapatinib could also block the emergence of lapatinib resistance in both parental SKBR3 and HCC1954 cell lines.
Conclusions: This study indicates that LB-100 has in vitro and in vivo efficacy against lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive BC cell line models and justifies further investigation into its potential to circumvent or prevent lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive BC.
Citation Format: Conlon N, McDermott M, Browne B, Roche S, O'Neill F, Meiller J, Browne A, Eustace A, Collins DM, O'Donovan N, Crown J. Pre-clinical investigation of PP2A inhibitor LB-100 in overcoming and preventing lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Conlon
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M McDermott
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Browne
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Roche
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F O'Neill
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Meiller
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Browne
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Eustace
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - DM Collins
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N O'Donovan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Crown
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Pinkham M, Whitfield G, Telford N, O'Neill F, Gattamaneni H, Tran A, McBain C. PO47OVERALL SURVIVAL (OS) IN PATIENTS WITH 1P19Q CO-DELETED WHO GRADE 3 GLIOMAS MATCHES OR EXCEEDS SURVIVAL IN GRADE 2 DISEASE. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov284.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pinkham M, Telford N, Whitfield G, Colaco R, O'Neill F, McBain C. FISHing Tips: What Every Clinician Should Know About 1p19q Analysis in Gliomas Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridisation. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2015; 27:445-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pinkham M, McBain C, DuPlessis D, Telford N, O'Neill F, Gattamaneni R, Tran A, Whitfield G. GE-26 * ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDISATION (FISH) PROBE RATIO SCORES AND SURVIVAL IN 1p/19q CO-DELETED GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou256.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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O'Neill F, Nassiri M, Lui D, Leonard M, McElwain J, Morris S. Creation of an electronic referral pathway for pelvic and acetabular fractures in times of austerity. Ir Med J 2014; 107:221-222. [PMID: 25226724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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McLaughlin PD, Murphy KP, Hayes SA, Carey K, Sammon J, Crush L, O'Neill F, Normoyle B, McGarrigle AM, Barry JE, Maher MM. Non-contrast CT at comparable dose to an abdominal radiograph in patients with acute renal colic; impact of iterative reconstruction on image quality and diagnostic performance. Insights Imaging 2014; 5:217-30. [PMID: 24500656 PMCID: PMC3999367 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-014-0310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to assess the performance of low-dose non-contrast CT of the urinary tract (LD-CT) acquired at radiation exposures close to that of abdominal radiography using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR). METHODS Thirty-three patients with clinically suspected renal colic were prospectively included. Conventional dose (CD-CT) and LD-CT data sets were contemporaneously acquired. LD-CT images were reconstructed with 40 %, 70 % and 90 % ASiR. Image quality was subjectively and objectively measured. Images were also clinically interpreted. RESULTS Mean ED was 0.48 ± 0.07 mSv for LD-CT compared with 4.43 ± 3.14 mSv for CD-CT. Increasing the percentage ASiR resulted in a step-wise reduction in mean objective noise (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Seventy % ASiR LD-CT images had higher diagnostic acceptability and spatial resolution than 90 % ASiR LD-CT images (p < 0.001). Twenty-seven calculi (diameter = 5.5 ± 1.7 mm), including all ureteric stones, were correctly identified using 70 % ASiR LD-CT with two false positives and 16 false negatives (diameter = 2.3 ± 0.7 mm) equating to a sensitivity and specificity of 72 % and 94 %. Seventy % ASiR LD-CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 87 % and 100 % for detection of calculi >3 mm. CONCLUSION Reconstruction of LD-CT images with 70 % ASiR resulted in superior image quality than FBP, 40 % ASIR and 90 % ASIR. LD-CT with ASIR demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for detection of calculi >3 mm. TEACHING POINTS • Low-dose CT studies for urinary calculus detection were performed with a mean dose of 0.48 ± 0.07 mSv • Low-dose CT with 70 % ASiR detected calculi >3 mm with a sensitivity and specificity of 87 % and 100 % • Reconstruction with 70 % ASiR was superior to filtered back projection, 40 % ASiR and 90 % ASiR images.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D McLaughlin
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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O'Neill F, McGloughlin T, Lenehan B, Condon F, Coffey JC, Walsh M. Influence of implant design on the method of failure for three implants designed for use in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures: the dynamic hip screw (DHS), DHS blade and X-BOLT. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2013; 39:249-55. [PMID: 26815231 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-013-0257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dynamic hip screw (DHS) has been widely adopted as the implant of choice in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. There have been attempts over the years to improve on the DHS lag screw design in order to reduce failure in the form of "cut out". The purpose of this study was to investigate how two new design variations of the DHS, the DHS blade and the X-BOLT, behave within bone, and if these design modifications do indeed improve the fixation achieved and lead to a reduction in failure due to cut out. METHODS "Pushout" tests were chosen as the means of investigating the failure modes and patterns for these implants that lead to cut out. These pushout studies were performed in artificial bone substrate in the form of polyurethane foam blocks and in cadaveric femoral heads. RESULTS The results demonstrated that each individual implant produces its own specific distinct force-displacement curve or pattern of failure, and that despite the very different implant designs and methods of fixation, all of the implants tested reached very similar peak forces in each of the test materials used. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that implant design only influences the pattern of failure, and that the peak forces reached by each implant are determined by the quality of the bone or test material into which they are placed. However, altering the force-displacement curve or pattern of failure may be enough to improve the fixation achieved and to provide an increased resistance to cut out.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O'Neill
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research (CABER), Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering and Materials and Surface Science Institute (MSSI), University of Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland. .,Midwestern Regional Orthopaedic Hospital Croom/Midwestern Regional Hospital Dooradoyle Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
| | - T McGloughlin
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research (CABER), Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering and Materials and Surface Science Institute (MSSI), University of Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
| | - B Lenehan
- Midwestern Regional Orthopaedic Hospital Croom/Midwestern Regional Hospital Dooradoyle Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
| | - F Condon
- Midwestern Regional Orthopaedic Hospital Croom/Midwestern Regional Hospital Dooradoyle Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
| | - J C Coffey
- Department of Surgery, Consultant General and Colorectal Surgeon, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Mid-Western Regional Hospitals, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - M Walsh
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research (CABER), Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering and Materials and Surface Science Institute (MSSI), University of Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
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O'Neill F, Leonard M, Lui D, McElwain J, Morris S. Pelvic and acetabular fractures. Ir Med J 2012; 105:306. [PMID: 23240284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients that sustain pelvic and/or acetabular trauma in Ireland and require surgical intervention are treated at the Adelaide and Meath National Children's Hospital (AMNCH). For this study an audit was conducted of all pelvic and acetabular fractures referred to the AMNCH over a 12 month period from July 2010 to June 2011. This study was conducted with the purpose of recording the different fracture patterns, methods of injury and surgical procedures performed over this time frame. The results demonstrate that 109 patients were referred to the AMNCH with the majority of these fractures being sustained as the result of an RTA (43) or a fall from a height (45). Seventy one patients suffered an acetabular fracture while 43 patients suffered a fracture of their pelvic ring with some patients suffering both. There were 129 surgical procedures performed with 25 patients having more than one surgical procedure.
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Abstract
A case is presented of a healthy 57 year old female who slipped and fell awkwardly into what is known in athletic terms as the front splits. As a result of her fall she sustained bilateral crescent and superior and inferior rami pelvic fractures. Successful operative fixation was undertaken by a combination of open and percutaneous techniques. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of bilateral crescent fractures, and of a pelvic fracture as a result of this mechanism of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O'Neill
- The National Centre for Pelvic and Acetabula Taruma Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Leonard
- The National Centre for Pelvic and Acetabula Taruma Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Morris
- The National Centre for Pelvic and Acetabula Taruma Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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O'Neill F, Condon F, McGloughlin T, Lenehan B, Coffey C, Walsh M. Validity of synthetic bone as a substitute for osteoporotic cadaveric femoral heads in mechanical testing: A biomechanical study. Bone Joint Res 2012; 1:50-5. [PMID: 23610671 PMCID: PMC3626209 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.14.2000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study was to determine if a synthetic bone
substitute would provide results similar to bone from osteoporotic
femoral heads during in vitro testing with orthopaedic
implants. If the synthetic material could produce results similar
to those of the osteoporotic bone, it could reduce or eliminate
the need for testing of implants on bone. Methods Pushout studies were performed with the dynamic hip screw (DHS)
and the DHS Blade in both cadaveric femoral heads and artificial
bone substitutes in the form of polyurethane foam blocks of different
density. The pushout studies were performed as a means of comparing
the force displacement curves produced by each implant within each
material. Results The results demonstrated that test material with a density of
0.16 g/cm3 (block A) produced qualitatively similar force
displacement curves for the DHS and qualitatively and quantitatively
similar force displacement curves for the DHS Blade, whereas the
test material with a density of 0.08 g/cm3 (block B)
did not produce results that were predictive of those recorded within
the osteoporotic cadaveric femoral heads. Conclusion This study demonstrates that synthetic material with a density
of 0.16 g/cm3 can provide a good substitute for cadaveric
osteoporotic femoral heads in the testing of implants. However we
do recognise that no synthetic material can be considered as a definitive
substitute for bone, therefore studies performed with artificial
bone substrates may need to be validated by further testing with
a small bone sample in order to produce conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O'Neill
- Midwestern Regional Hospital Limerick /University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Macdonald HM, Mavroeidi A, Fraser WD, Darling AL, Black AJ, Aucott L, O'Neill F, Hart K, Berry JL, Lanham-New SA, Reid DM. Sunlight and dietary contributions to the seasonal vitamin D status of cohorts of healthy postmenopausal women living at northerly latitudes: a major cause for concern? Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:2461-72. [PMID: 21085934 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We assessed sunlight and dietary contributions to vitamin D status in British postmenopausal women. Our true longitudinal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements varied seasonally, being lower in the north compared to the south and lower in Asian women. Sunlight exposure in summer and spring provided 80% total annual intake of vitamin D. INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency is highlighted as a potential problem for countries at high latitude, but there are few true longitudinal, seasonal data to allow regional comparisons. We aimed to directly compare seasonal variation in vitamin D status (25(OH)D) in postmenopausal women at two northerly latitudes and to assess the relative contributions of sunlight exposure and diet. METHODS Vitamin D status was assessed in 518 postmenopausal women (age 55-70 years) in a two-centre cohort study with serum collected at fixed three-monthly intervals from summer 2006 for immunoassay measurement of 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone. At 57° N (Aberdeen, Scotland, UK), there were 338 Caucasian women; at 51° N (Surrey, South of England, UK), there were 144 Caucasian women and 35 Asian women. UVB exposure (polysulphone film badges) and dietary vitamin D intakes (food diaries) were also estimated. RESULTS Caucasian women had lower 25(OH)D (p < 0.001) at 57° N compared to 51° N. Median (interquartile range) in nanomoles per litre for summer (June-August) at 57° N was 43.0 (20.9) and at 51° N was 62.5 (26.6) and for winter (December-February) at 57° N was 28.3 (18.9) and at 51° N was 39.9 (24.0). For Asian women at 51° N, median 25(OH)D was 24.0 (15.8) nmol/L in summer and 16.9 (15.9) nmol/L in winter. Median dietary vitamin D intakes were 80-100 IU for Caucasians and 50-65 IU for the Asian women. Sunlight was the main contributor to 25(OH)D with spring and summer providing >80% total annual intake. CONCLUSIONS These longitudinal data show significant regional and ethnic differences in UVB exposure and vitamin D status for postmenopausal women at northerly latitudes. The numbers of women who are vitamin D deficient is a major concern and public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Macdonald
- University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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O'Neill F, Condon F, McGloughlin T, Lenehan B, Coffey JC, Walsh M. Dynamic hip screw versus DHS blade: a biomechanical comparison of the fixation achieved by each implant in bone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 93:616-21. [PMID: 21511926 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.93b5.25539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We biomechanically investigated whether the standard dynamic hip screw (DHS) or the DHS blade achieves better fixation in bone with regard to resistance to pushout, pullout and torsional stability. The experiments were undertaken in an artificial bone substrate in the form of polyurethane foam blocks with predefined mechanical properties. Pushout tests were also repeated in cadaveric femoral heads. The results showed that the DHS blade outperformed the DHS with regard to the two most important characteristics of implant fixation, namely resistance to pushout and rotational stability. We concluded that the DHS blade was the superior implant in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O'Neill
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Panoutsopoulou K, Southam L, Elliott KS, Wrayner N, Zhai G, Beazley C, Thorleifsson G, Arden NK, Carr A, Chapman K, Deloukas P, Doherty M, McCaskie A, Ollier WER, Ralston SH, Spector TD, Valdes AM, Wallis GA, Wilkinson JM, Arden E, Battley K, Blackburn H, Blanco FJ, Bumpstead S, Cupples LA, Day-Williams AG, Dixon K, Doherty SA, Esko T, Evangelou E, Felson D, Gomez-Reino JJ, Gonzalez A, Gordon A, Gwilliam R, Halldorsson BV, Hauksson VB, Hofman A, Hunt SE, Ioannidis JPA, Ingvarsson T, Jonsdottir I, Jonsson H, Keen R, Kerkhof HJM, Kloppenburg MG, Koller N, Lakenberg N, Lane NE, Lee AT, Metspalu A, Meulenbelt I, Nevitt MC, O'Neill F, Parimi N, Potter SC, Rego-Perez I, Riancho JA, Sherburn K, Slagboom PE, Stefansson K, Styrkarsdottir U, Sumillera M, Swift D, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tsezou A, Uitterlinden AG, van Meurs JBJ, Watkins B, Wheeler M, Mitchell S, Zhu Y, Zmuda JM, Zeggini E, Loughlin J. Insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis from stage 1 of the arcOGEN study. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 70:864-7. [PMID: 21177295 PMCID: PMC3070286 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.141473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The genetic aetiology of osteoarthritis has not yet been elucidated. To enable a well-powered genome-wide association study (GWAS) for osteoarthritis, the authors have formed the arcOGEN Consortium, a UK-wide collaborative effort aiming to scan genome-wide over 7500 osteoarthritis cases in a two-stage genome-wide association scan. Here the authors report the findings of the stage 1 interim analysis. Methods The authors have performed a genome-wide association scan for knee and hip osteoarthritis in 3177 cases and 4894 population-based controls from the UK. Replication of promising signals was carried out in silico in five further scans (44 449 individuals), and de novo in 14 534 independent samples, all of European descent. Results None of the association signals the authors identified reach genome-wide levels of statistical significance, therefore stressing the need for corroboration in sample sets of a larger size. Application of analytical approaches to examine the allelic architecture of disease to the stage 1 genome-wide association scan data suggests that osteoarthritis is a highly polygenic disease with multiple risk variants conferring small effects. Conclusions Identifying loci conferring susceptibility to osteoarthritis will require large-scale sample sizes and well-defined phenotypes to minimise heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.W. Eason
- a Physics Department, Essex University, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, England
| | - P.C. Cheng
- b IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, U.S.A
| | - R. Feder
- b IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, U.S.A
| | - A.G. Michette
- c Physics Department, King's College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, England
| | - R.J. Rosser
- d Physics Department, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794, U.S.A
| | - F. O'Neill
- e Laser Division, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, England
| | - Y. Owadano
- e Laser Division, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, England
| | - P.T. Rumsby
- e Laser Division, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, England
| | - M.J. Shaw
- e Laser Division, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, England
| | - I.C.E. Turcu
- e Laser Division, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, England
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Mavroeidi A, O'Neill F, Lee PA, Darling AL, Fraser WD, Berry JL, Lee WT, Reid DM, Lanham-New SA, Macdonald HM. Seasonal 25-hydroxyvitamin D changes in British postmenopausal women at 57 degrees N and 51 degrees N: a longitudinal study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 121:459-61. [PMID: 20302933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The UK has insufficient intensity of sunlight at wavelengths 290-315 nm to enable cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D from October to April. There are regional differences in UVB strength throughout the UK but whether this translates to differences in vitamin D status is not known. We have reported seasonal variations in a cross-sectional study of over 3000 Scottish women in Aberdeen. The aim of this longitudinal study was to compare the seasonal variation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in postmenopausal women residing in Aberdeen (57 degrees N) and Surrey (51 degrees N). Women attended 3-monthly visits over 12 months, starting summer 2006. In Aberdeen, 338 Caucasian women (mean age+/-SD, 61.7+/-1.5 years); and at Surrey, 138 Caucasian women (61.4+/-4.5 years) and 35 Asian women (59.9+/-6.4 years) had serum 25(OH)D measured by IDS enzyme immunoassay. In winter/spring none of the Caucasian women living in Surrey had 25(OH)D<20 nmol/L, but nearly a quarter of women in Aberdeen were vitamin D-deficient. This number decreased to 4.2% in summer/autumn. For the Asian women 17.1% were vitamin D-deficient in summer, increasing to 58.1% in winter. Using higher 25(OH)D deficiency cut-offs, the percentage of women affected was much higher. These longitudinal data show clear differences in vitamin D status between the north and south of the UK, and marked ethnic differences. They are consistent with our previous data and with cross-sectional data from the 1958 birth cohort. The low vitamin D status may have implications for bone health and other health outcomes, which is currently being investigated in this publication group. The extent of vitamin D deficiency in Asian women residing in the South of England is of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mavroeidi
- Bone and Musculoskeletal Research Programme, University of Aberdeen, UK.
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18
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Abstract
A 63-year-old female developed respiratory failure and was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for non-invasive ventilation, inotropic support and antibiotic therapy. The patient was initially stable but then suddenly deteriorated with acute pulmonary oedema requiring mechanical ventilation. An electrocardiogram showed an acute ST elevation myocardial infarction and the patient subsequently had an urgent coronary angiogram which revealed normal coronary arteries but apical ballooning characteristic of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. A short review is provided of this relatively newly described heart syndrome which has the potential to present in numbers of intensive care patients. This case emphasises the importance of being aware of uncommon causes of acute ECG changes in the critically ill.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Bennett
- Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Neipp C, Beléndez A, Sheridan J, Kelly J, O'Neill F, Gallego S, Ortuño M, Pascual I. Non-local polymerization driven diffusion based model: general dependence of the polymerization rate to the exposure intensity. Opt Express 2003; 11:1876-1886. [PMID: 19466070 DOI: 10.1364/oe.11.001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The nonlocal diffusion model proposed by Sheridan and coworkers has provided a useful interpretation of the nature of grating formation inside photopolymer materials. This model accounts for some important experimental facts, such as the cut-off of diffraction efficiency for high spatial frequencies. In this article we examine the predictions of the model in the case of a general dependence of the polymerisation rate with respect to the intensity pattern. The effects of this dependence on the different harmonic components of the polymerisation concentration will be investigated. The influence of the visibility on the different harmonic components will also be studied. These effects are compared to the effects of varying RD and sigmaD.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the tolerability of lamotrigine in elderly patients with epilepsy. DESIGN Pooled data from 13 lamotrigine clinical trials. SETTING Multicentre clinical trials conducted in primary care and neurology practices. PARTICIPANTS 208 elderly patients (aged > or = 65 years) were identified: 146 lamotrigine-treated patients, 53 carbamazepine-treated patients and 9 phenytoin-treated patients. INTERVENTIONS Extent of exposure, incidence of drug-related adverse events, serious adverse events and study withdrawals were examined. RESULTS The median duration of exposure for lamotrigine monotherapy and add-on therapy was 24.1 and 47.4 weeks, respectively. The median daily dosage of lamotrigine was 100 mg for monotherapy (range 75 to 500 mg) and 300 mg for add-on therapy (range 25 to 700 mg). Overall, the incidence of drug-related adverse events was lower for lamotrigine than comparator drugs: 49% (72/146) for lamotrigine compared with 72% (38/53) for carbamazepine (p = 0.006), and 89% (8/9) for phenytoin (p = 0.035) although patient numbers in each treatment group were not comparable. Patients receiving lamotrigine reported incidences of somnolence (p = 0.012), rash (p = 0.034), and headache (nonsignificant) that were one-half the incidence reported with carbamazepine monotherapy. Rash was the most common reason for study withdrawal: 4% (6/146) lamotrigine, 17% (9/53) carbamazepine and 0% phenytoin. Seven (5%, 7/146) lamotrigine-treated patients, 4 (8%, 4/53) carbamazepine-treated patients and 1 (11%, 1/9) phenytoin-treated patient experienced drug-related serious adverse events. CONCLUSION Lamotrigine, used in the currently prescribed adult dosage regimen, was well tolerated in elderly patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Giorgi
- Glaxo Wellcome plc, Greenford, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Thompson
- Department of Investigative Science, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
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22
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Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, Christe W, Pedersen B, Kane K, O'Neill F. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2001; 46:145-55. [PMID: 11463516 DOI: 10.1016/s0920-1211(01)00271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine was evaluated in a multicentre open trial of patients aged 2 years and above with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. A total of 417 patients were randomised to treatment with lamotrigine, while 201 patients received carbamazepine. Following a dose escalation period of 6 weeks, maintenance therapy (Weeks 7-24) was adjusted according to response. Efficacy was similar with both treatments (65% with lamotrigine, 73% with carbamazepine, P=0.085). Efficacy was assessed by the proportion of patients seizure free during the last 16 weeks of treatment; all subjects who remained in the study for at least 18 weeks after the week 4 visit were included in the analysis. More patients receiving lamotrigine completed the study (81%), compared with those receiving carbamazepine (77%). This difference was primarily due to discontinuation as a result of adverse events, reported by 34 (8%) of those treated with lamotrigine but 26 (13%) of those treated with carbamazepine. The proportion of patients who experienced adverse events in the lamotrigine group was lower (218 patients, 52%) compared with the carbamazepine group (120 patients, 60%). The proportion of patients with adverse events considered to be drug related was lower in the lamotrigine group (132 patients, 32%) compared with the carbamazepine group (83 patients, 41%). Somnolence was the only adverse event reported at an incidence of greater than 5% and where there was a difference of 5% or more between treatment groups (4% lamotrigine, 11% carbamazepine patients). The small subsets of elderly patients (aged 65 years or over) and paediatric patients (aged 2-12 years) also showed better tolerability to lamotrigine than to carbamazepine. In conclusion, monotherapy with lamotrigine is as effective as carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Patients were able to tolerate lamotrigine better than carbamazepine, so more patients receiving lamotrigine were able to remain on therapy.
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23
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Nottingham C, O'Neill F. A third way in which training and education in nursing are given equal status. Nurs Times 1999; 95:45. [PMID: 10647421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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24
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Levine A, Butel J, Dörries K, Goedert J, Frisque R, Garcea R, Morris A, O'Neill F, Shah K. SV40 as a putative human commensal. Dev Biol Stand 1998; 94:245-69. [PMID: 9776246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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25
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Nottingham C, O'Neill F. The pursuit of politics. Nurs Manag (Harrow) 1996; 3:10-1. [PMID: 8716226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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26
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Gorman S, Adair C, O'Neill F, Goldsmith C, Webb H. Influence of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on microbial biofilm formation on endotracheal tubes from artificially ventilated patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1993; 12:9-17. [PMID: 8462571 DOI: 10.1007/bf01997050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on the nature and incidence of microbial biofilm formation on endotracheal tubes was assessed. Thirty endotracheal tubes were obtained post-extubation from patients in the intensive care unit who had been ventilated for a 1 to 15 day period and who did or did not receive the antibiotic regimen. Extensive biofilm formation was identified by scanning electron microscopy on 97% of tubes examined. Endotracheal tube biofilm in tubes obtained from patients who received selective decontamination of the digestive tract showed a high prevalence of colonization with yeast (4 of 15 tubes) and gram-positive bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci and diphtheroids) (14 of 15 tubes). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated only from this group. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 2 of 15 tubes in both patient groups. Enteric gram-negative organisms (coliforms, Klebsiella and Proteus spp.) were isolated only from tubes of patients who did not receive the antibiotic regimen (4 of 15 tubes). Yeasts, however, were not isolated from these tubes. Group D streptococcal isolates were resistant to tobramycin as were half of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates. For gram-negative bacteria, the MIC of tobramycin was in the range 1-64 micrograms/ml and the MIC of polymyxin in the range 0.5-16 micrograms/ml. Although a reduction was observed in the incidence of gram-negative microorganisms, this antibiotic regimen does not inhibit biofilm formation on the endotracheal tube by other pathogens associated with pneumonia in ventilated patients. This persistent nidus may be a factor in the pathogenesis of nosocomial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gorman
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, UK
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27
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O'Neill F, Davis GM, Gower MC, Turcu ICE, Lawless M, Williams M. Plasma X-Ray Sources For Lithography Generated By A 0.5 J KrF Laser. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1117/12.965042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F O'Neill
- SERC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom)
| | - G M. Davis
- SERC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom)
| | - M C. Gower
- SERC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom)
| | - I C. E. Turcu
- SERC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom)
| | - M Lawless
- SERC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom)
| | - M Williams
- SERC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom)
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O'Neill F, Ross IN, Evans D, Langridge JU, Bilan BS, Bond S. Colloidal silica coatings for KrF and Nd:glass laser applications. Appl Opt 1987; 26:828-832. [PMID: 20454229 DOI: 10.1364/ao.26.000828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we discuss the performance of colloidal silica antireflection coatings which have been developed for use in high-power KrF and Nd:glass lasers. These coatings have reproducibly given transmissions of more than 99.8% per surface and have exhibited laser damage thresholds as high as 20 J/cm(2)for l-ns pulses at 1.06,microm and 8 J/cm(2)for 10-ns pulses at 0.25,microm. These damage thresholds are a factor of between 2 and 3 better than values obtained with evaporated oxide AR coatings. Novel multilayer coatings incorporating colloidalsilica as the low-index layer are also described. One such coating gave more than 50% reflectivity for a two-layer coating at normal incidence.
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30
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Abstract
While total parenteral nutrition is widely used, its effects on gastrointestinal function are not well understood. We measured acid secretion in 11 patients during total parenteral nutrition. Five of these patients were retested at least one month after resuming oral intake. Total parenteral nutrition significantly stimulated acid secretion compared to saline infusion (5.5 +/- 2.0 vs 1.8 +/- 0.6 mEq H+/hr, P less than 0.001) (mean +/- SEM), especially in those patients who are hypersecretors. There was no difference in pentagastrin-stimulated maximal acid output during TPN or saline infusion. Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion were similar during and after a course of total parenteral nutrition, suggesting that gastric atrophy did not occur during total parenteral nutrition therapy.
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31
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Abstract
Persistent infection of human embryo lung fibroblasts with a genital isolate of cytomegalovirus resulted in oncogenic transformation of these cells. Immunofluorescence techniques detected virus-specific antigens, while microcytotoxicity tests established that the transformed cells share a membrane antigen with hamster cells transformed by inactivated cytomegalovirus. The transformed human cells induced progressively growing tumors in weanling athymic nude mice.
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32
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Glynn J, O'Neill F. Social intervention with intoxicated patients seen in an accident department. J Ir Med Assoc 1974; 67:40-2. [PMID: 4816313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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33
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Miles CP, O'Neill F. Time-lapse studies of mitosis and sex chromatin in human fibroblasts. Acta Cytol 1970; 14:468-78. [PMID: 4926008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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34
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Miles CP, O'Neill F. 3H labeling patterns of permanent cell line chromosomes showing pulverization or accentuated secondary constrictions. J Cell Biol 1969; 40:553-61. [PMID: 5812475 PMCID: PMC2107620 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.40.2.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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35
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Miles CP, O'Neill F, Armstrong D, Clarkson B, Keane J. Chromosome patterns of human leukocyte established cell lines. Cancer Res 1968; 28:481-90. [PMID: 5640868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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36
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Raffensperger EC, D'Agostino F, Manfredo H, Ramirez M, Brooks FP, O'Neill F. Fecal fat excretion. An analysis of four years' experience. Arch Intern Med 1967; 119:573-6. [PMID: 6027184 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.119.6.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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37
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Miles CP, O'Neill F. Chromosome studies of 8 in vitro lines of Burkitt's lymphoma. Cancer Res 1967; 27:392-402. [PMID: 6018567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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39
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Abstract
RPMI 2650 is a pseudodiploid human cancer strain. The chromosomes frequently exhibit multiple prominent secondary constrictions and the constriction patterns appear to characterize particular homologs. Many of the constrictions are at sites previously specified in benign cells. However, some of the changes observed, especially in chromosomes designated 8, 9, and 10, have been hitherto undescribed in human cells.
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40
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Miles CP, O'Neill F. Chromosomes of some heterotransplanted human tumors. II. H.Ep. no. 1, H.Ep. no. 3, and H.Ep. no. 5. J Natl Cancer Inst 1965; 35:435-58. [PMID: 5835037 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/35.3.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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