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Mustapha M, Lawal BK, Sha’aban A, Jatau AI, Wada AS, Bala AA, Mustapha S, Haruna A, Musa A, Ahmad MH, Iliyasu S, Muhammad S, Mohammed FZ, Ahmed AD, Zainal H. Factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among University health sciences students in Northwest Nigeria. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260672. [PMID: 34843594 PMCID: PMC8629299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Students of the health sciences are the future frontliners to fight pandemics. The students' participation in COVID-19 response varies across countries and are mostly for educational purposes. Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability is necessary for a successful vaccination program. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among health sciences students in Northwest Nigeria. The study was an online self-administered cross-sectional study involving a survey among students of health sciences in some selected universities in Northwest Nigeria. The survey collected pertinent data from the students, including socio-demographic characteristics, risk perception for COVID-19, and willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. A total of 440 responses with a median (interquartile range) age of 23 (4.0) years were included in the study. The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 40.0%. Factors that independently predict acceptance of the vaccine were age of 25 years and above (adjusted odds ratio, aOR, 2.72; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.44-5.16; p = 0.002), instructions from heads of institutions (aOR, 11.71; 95% CI, 5.91-23.20; p<0.001), trust in the government (aOR, 20.52; 95% CI, 8.18-51.51; p<0.001) and willingness to pay for the vaccine (aOR, 7.92; 95% CI, 2.63-23.85; p<0.001). The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among students of health sciences was low. Older age, mandate by heads of the institution, trust in the government and readiness to pay for the vaccine were associated with acceptance of the vaccine. Therefore, stakeholders should prioritize strategies that would maximize the vaccination uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mustapha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Basira Kankia Lawal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar Sha’aban
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | | | - Abubakar Sadiq Wada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Auwal Adam Bala
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria
| | - Sagir Mustapha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Anas Haruna
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Abbas Musa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mubarak Hussaini Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Salim Iliyasu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and PharmaceuticalTechnology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Fatima Zaji Mohammed
- School of Dental Health Sciences, Shehu Idris Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Kaduna State University, Makarfi, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Danbala Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Hadzliana Zainal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Mohammed M, Muhammad S, Mohammed FZ, Mustapha S, Sha'aban A, Sani NY, Ahmad MH, Bala AA, Ungogo MA, Alotaibi NM, Zainal H. Risk Factors Associated with Mortality Among Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Africa. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020; 8:1267-1272. [PMID: 33051749 PMCID: PMC7553376 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in China and later spread rapidly to other parts of the world, including Africa. Africa was projected to be devastated by COVID-19. There is currently limited data regarding regional predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the independent risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Africa. METHODS A total of 1028 confirmed cases of COVID-19 from Africa with definite survival outcomes were identified retrospectively from an open-access individual-level worldwide COVID-19 database. The live version of the dataset is available at https://github.com/beoutbreakprepared/nCoV2019 . Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the risk factors that independently predict mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Africa. RESULTS Of the 1028 cases included in study, 432 (42.0%) were females with a median (interquartile range, IQR) age of 50 (24) years. Older age (adjusted odds ratio {aOR} 1.06; [95% confidence intervals {95% CI}, 1.04-1.08]), presence of chronic disease (aOR 9.63; [95% CI, 3.84-24.15]), travel history (aOR 2.44; [95% CI, 1.26-4.72]), as well as locations of Central Africa (aOR 0.14; [95% CI, 0.03-0.72]) and West Africa (aOR 0.12; [95% CI, 0.04-0.32]) were identified as the independent risk factors significantly associated with increased mortality among the patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic is evolving gradually in Africa. Among patients with COVID-19 in Africa, older age, presence of chronic disease, travel history, and the locations of Central Africa and West Africa were associated with increased mortality. A regional response should prioritize strategies that will protect these populations. Also, conducting a further in-depth study could provide more insights into additional factors predictive of mortality in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Mohammed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. .,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | | | - Fatima Zaji Mohammed
- School of Dental Health Sciences, Shehu Idris College of Health Sciences and Technology, Makarfi, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Sagir Mustapha
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar Sha'aban
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Najib Yahaya Sani
- Center for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Mubarak Hussaini Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria.,School of Pharmacy Technician, Aminu Dabo College of Health Sciences and Technology, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Auwal Adam Bala
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Marzuq Abubakar Ungogo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.,Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nawaf M Alotaibi
- College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadzliana Zainal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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