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Stangl FP, Buehler OD, Wuethrich PY, Furrer MA, Burkhard FC. Sex Does Not Affect Survival: A Propensity Score-Matched Comparison in a Homogenous Contemporary Radical Cystectomy Cohort. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:171-180. [PMID: 38008691 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether biological sex affects oncological outcome after extended pelvic lymph node dissection, radical cystectomy, and urinary diversion for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and to identify risk factors impacting outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a single-center, retrospective observational cohort study with prospective data collection with a propensity score matched population. A total of 1165 consecutive patients from 2000 to 2020, (317 women and 848 men) scheduled for open extended pelvic lymph node dissection, radical cystectomy, and urinary diversion for urothelial bladder cancer were included in the final analysis. Overall Survival (OS), Cancer-Specific-Survival (CSS), and Recurrence-Free-survival (RFS) were assessed with multivariable weighted Cox regression analysis as well as with propensity score matched Cox-Regression. RESULTS No significant difference was found between sexes regarding OS (HR 1.18, [0.93-1.49], P = .16), CSS (HR 0.87, [0.64-1.18], P = .38), or RFS (HR 0.80, [0.59-1.07], P = .13). These results were confirmed after propensity score matching: female sex was not associated with inferior OS (HR 1.20, [0.91-1.60], P = .19), CSS (HR 1.01, [0.75-1.35], P = .97) or RFS (HR 0.98, [0.75-1.27], P = .86). CONCLUSIONS We did not find a significant difference in cancer-related outcomes or overall survival after extended pelvic lymph node dissection, open radical cystectomy, and urinary diversion for urothelial cancer between males and females even after adjustment with propensity matching score for multiple factors including oncological parameters, smoking status, and renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian P Stangl
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver D Buehler
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Furrer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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2
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Giudici N, Blarer J, Sathianathen N, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY, Thalmann GN, Seiler R, Furrer MA. Diagnostic Value of Urine Cytology in Pharmacologically Forced Diuresis for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis and Follow-Up. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:758. [PMID: 38398151 PMCID: PMC10886451 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We performed a urine cytology analysis of a pharmacologically induced diuresis for the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. To evaluate the diagnostic value of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis, an initial cohort of 77 consecutive patients with primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated via radical surgery was enrolled. To evaluate pharmacologically forced diuresis cytology as a follow-up procedure, a second cohort of 1250 patients who underwent a radical cystectomy for bladder cancer was selected. In the first cohort, the sensitivity of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis in patients with invasive, high-grade, low-grade, and concomitant carcinoma in situ was 8%, 9%, 0%, and 14%, respectively. In the second cohort, cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis was positive in 30/689 (4.3%) patients, in whom upper urinary tract recurrence was present in 21/30 (70%) of cases, and urethral recurrence was present in 8/30 (26%) of cases. As a follow-up tool, cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis showed a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 60%, 99%, 70%, and 98%, respectively. Overall, as a diagnostic tool, the sensitivity of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis is slightly better in patients with invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma and concomitant carcinoma in situ. As a follow-up method, positive cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis is strongly related to cancer recurrence and can reveal urethral recurrence. Cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis might be useful in cases with contraindications for imaging or when achieving endoscopic access to the upper urinary tract is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Giudici
- Department of Urology, Hospital Center Biel, Vogelsang 84, 2501 Biel, Switzerland; (N.G.); (J.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Jennifer Blarer
- Department of Urology, Hospital Center Biel, Vogelsang 84, 2501 Biel, Switzerland; (N.G.); (J.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Niranjan Sathianathen
- Department of Urology, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (F.C.B.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Patrick Y. Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - George N. Thalmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (F.C.B.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Roland Seiler
- Department of Urology, Hospital Center Biel, Vogelsang 84, 2501 Biel, Switzerland; (N.G.); (J.B.); (R.S.)
- Department for BioMedical Research, Translational Organoid Resource Core, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc A. Furrer
- Department of Urology, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (F.C.B.); (G.N.T.)
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department of Urology, Solothurner Spitäler AG, Kantonsspital Olten, 4600 Olten, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Solothurner Spitäler AG, Bürgerspital Solothurn, 4500 Solothurn, Switzerland
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3
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Akshay A, Gheinani AH, Besic M, Braga S, Uldry AC, Heller M, Rehrauer H, Fournier CA, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. De-obstruction of bladder outlet in humans reverses organ remodelling by normalizing the expression of key transcription factors. BMC Urol 2024; 24:33. [PMID: 38326801 PMCID: PMC10848355 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign prostatic hyperplasia in elderly males often causes bladder outlet obstruction termed benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). BPO induces lower urinary tract symptoms and quantifiable urodynamic alterations in bladder function. When conservative medical treatments are exhausted, surgical interventions like transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) are employed for bladder outlet de-obstruction. Elucidating the molecular changes in the human bladder resulting from BPO and their reversal post-de-obstruction is pivotal for defining the "point of no return", when the organ deterioration becomes irreversible. In this study we carried out a comprehensive molecular and urodynamic characterization of the bladders in men with BPO before TURP and 3 months after the relief of obstruction. METHODS We report integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis of bladder samples from male patients with BPO before and 3 months after de-obstruction surgery (TURP). mRNA and protein profiles were correlated with urodynamic findings, specifically voiding detrusor pressure (PdetQmax) before TURP. We delineated the molecular classifiers of each group, pointing at the different pre-TURP bladder status. RESULTS Age-matched patients with BPO without DO were divided into two groups based on the PdetQmax values recorded by UDI before de-obstruction: high and medium pressure (HP and MP) groups. Three months after de-obstruction surgery, the voiding parameters PdetQmax, Qmax and RV were significantly improved in both groups, without notable inter-group differences in the values after TURP. Patients with high PdetQmax showed less advanced remodeling and inflammatory changes than those with lower values. We detected significant dysregulation of gene expression, which was at least partially reversed by de-obstruction in both patients' groups. Transcription factor SOX21 and its target thrombospondin 4 (THBS4) demonstrated normalization post-TURP. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal substantial yet incomplete reversal of cell signalling pathways three months after TURP, consistent with improved urodynamic parameters. We propose a set of biomarker genes, indicative of BPO, and possibly contributing to the bladder changes. This study unveils the stages of progressive obstruction-induced bladder decompensation and offers insights into selecting an optimal intervention point to mitigate loss of contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Braga
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, DBMR University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Christine Uldry
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, DBMR University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Heller
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, DBMR University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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4
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Akshay A, Besic M, Kuhn A, Burkhard FC, Bigger-Allen A, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Hashemi Gheinani A. Machine Learning-Based Classification of Transcriptome Signatures of Non-Ulcerative Bladder Pain Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1568. [PMID: 38338847 PMCID: PMC10855300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) presents a global health challenge with symptoms impacting a substantial percentage of the population. The absence of reliable biomarkers complicates the accurate classification of LUTD subtypes with shared symptoms such as non-ulcerative Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS) and overactive bladder caused by bladder outlet obstruction with Detrusor Overactivity (DO). This study introduces a machine learning (ML)-based approach for the identification of mRNA signatures specific to non-ulcerative BPS. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) transcriptome data from bladder biopsies of patients with BPS, benign prostatic obstruction with DO, and controls, our statistical approach successfully identified 13 candidate genes capable of discerning BPS from control and DO patients. This set was validated using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR) in a larger patient cohort. To confirm our findings, we applied both supervised and unsupervised ML approaches to the QPCR dataset. A three-mRNA signature TPPP3, FAT1, and NCALD, emerged as a robust classifier for non-ulcerative BPS. The ML-based framework used to define BPS classifiers establishes a solid foundation for comprehending the gene expression changes in the bladder during BPS and serves as a valuable resource and methodology for advancing signature identification in other fields. The proposed ML pipeline demonstrates its efficacy in handling challenges associated with limited sample sizes, offering a promising avenue for applications in similar domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.B.); (F.C.B.)
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.B.); (F.C.B.)
| | - Annette Kuhn
- Department of Gynaecology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.B.); (F.C.B.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alex Bigger-Allen
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.B.-A.); (R.M.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rosalyn M. Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.B.-A.); (R.M.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.B.); (F.C.B.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (A.A.); (M.B.); (F.C.B.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.B.-A.); (R.M.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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5
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Akshay A, Besic M, Kuhn A, Burkhard FC, Bigger-Allen A, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Gheinani AH. Machine Learning-based Classification of transcriptome Signatures of non-ulcerative Bladder Pain Syndrome. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.08.574189. [PMID: 38260635 PMCID: PMC10802429 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.08.574189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) presents a global health challenge with symptoms impacting a substantial percentage of the population. The absence of reliable biomarkers complicates the accurate classification of LUTD subtypes with shared symptoms such as non-ulcerative Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS) and overactive bladder caused by bladder outlet obstruction with Detrusor Overactivity (DO). This study introduces a machine learning (ML)-based approach for the identification of mRNA signatures specific to non-ulcerative BPS. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) transcriptome data from bladder biopsies of patients with BPS, benign prostatic obstruction with DO and controls, our statistical approach successfully identified 13 candidate genes capable of discerning BPS from control and DO patients. This set was subsequently validated using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR) in a larger patient cohort. To confirm our findings, we applied both supervised and unsupervised ML approaches to the QPCR dataset. Notably, a three-mRNA signature TPPP3, FAT1, and NCALD, emerged as a robust classifier, effectively distinguishing patients with non-ulcerative BPS from controls and patients with DO. This signature was universally selected by both supervised and unsupervised approaches. The ML-based framework used to define BPS classifiers not only establishes a solid foundation for comprehending the specific gene expression changes in the bladder of the patients with BPS but also serves as a valuable resource and methodology for advancing signature identification in other fields. The proposed ML pipeline demonstrates its efficacy in handling challenges associated with limited sample sizes, offering a promising avenue for applications in similar domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annette Kuhn
- Department of Gynaecology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alex Bigger-Allen
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rosalyn M. Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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6
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Akshay A, Katoch M, Shekarchizadeh N, Abedi M, Sharma A, Burkhard FC, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Gheinani AH. Machine Learning Made Easy (MLme): a comprehensive toolkit for machine learning-driven data analysis. Gigascience 2024; 13:giad111. [PMID: 38206587 PMCID: PMC10783149 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a vital asset for researchers to analyze and extract valuable information from complex datasets. However, developing an effective and robust ML pipeline can present a real challenge, demanding considerable time and effort, thereby impeding research progress. Existing tools in this landscape require a profound understanding of ML principles and programming skills. Furthermore, users are required to engage in the comprehensive configuration of their ML pipeline to obtain optimal performance. RESULTS To address these challenges, we have developed a novel tool called Machine Learning Made Easy (MLme) that streamlines the use of ML in research, specifically focusing on classification problems at present. By integrating 4 essential functionalities-namely, Data Exploration, AutoML, CustomML, and Visualization-MLme fulfills the diverse requirements of researchers while eliminating the need for extensive coding efforts. To demonstrate the applicability of MLme, we conducted rigorous testing on 6 distinct datasets, each presenting unique characteristics and challenges. Our results consistently showed promising performance across different datasets, reaffirming the versatility and effectiveness of the tool. Additionally, by utilizing MLme's feature selection functionality, we successfully identified significant markers for CD8+ naive (BACH2), CD16+ (CD16), and CD14+ (VCAN) cell populations. CONCLUSION MLme serves as a valuable resource for leveraging ML to facilitate insightful data analysis and enhance research outcomes, while alleviating concerns related to complex coding scripts. The source code and a detailed tutorial for MLme are available at https://github.com/FunctionalUrology/MLme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mitali Katoch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Navid Shekarchizadeh
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI) Dresden/Leipzig, 04105 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Masoud Abedi
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ankush Sharma
- KG Jebsen Centre for B-cell Malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142 MA, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142 MA, USA
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7
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Huber M, Furrer MA, Jardot F, Engel D, Beilstein CM, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY. Impact of Intraoperative Fluid Balance and Norepinephrine on Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury after Cystectomy and Urinary Diversion over Two Decades: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4554. [PMID: 37445588 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of norepinephrine and the restriction of intraoperative hydration have gained increasing acceptance over the last few decades. Recently, there have been concerns regarding the impact of this approach on renal function. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of norepinephrine, intraoperative fluid administration and their interaction on acute kidney injury (AKI) after cystectomy. In our cohort of 1488 consecutive patients scheduled for cystectomies and urinary diversions, the overall incidence of AKI was 21.6% (95%-CI: 19.6% to 23.8%) and increased by an average of 0.6% (95%-CI: 0.1% to 1.1%, p = 0.025) per year since 2000. The fluid and vasopressor regimes were characterized by an annual decrease in fluid balance (-0.24 mL·kg-1·h-1, 95%-CI: -0.26 to -0.22, p < 0.001) and an annual increase in the amount of norepinephrine of 0.002 µg·kg-1·min-1 (95%-CI: 0.0016 to 0.0024, p < 0.001). The interaction between the fluid balance and norepinephrine levels resulted in a U-shaped association with the risk of AKI; however, the magnitude and shape depended on the reference categories of confounders (age and BMI). We conclude that decreased intraoperative fluid balance combined with increased norepinephrine administration was associated with an increased risk of AKI. However, other potential drivers of the observed increase in AKI incidence need to be further investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Huber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Furrer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - François Jardot
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Engel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Beilstein
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Akshay A, Katoch M, Shekarchizadeh N, Abedi M, Sharma A, Burkhard FC, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Gheinani AH. Machine Learning Made Easy (MLme): A Comprehensive Toolkit for Machine Learning-Driven Data Analysis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.04.546825. [PMID: 37461685 PMCID: PMC10349995 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.04.546825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a vital asset for researchers to analyze and extract valuable information from complex datasets. However, developing an effective and robust ML pipeline can present a real challenge, demanding considerable time and effort, thereby impeding research progress. Existing tools in this landscape require a profound understanding of ML principles and programming skills. Furthermore, users are required to engage in the comprehensive configuration of their ML pipeline to obtain optimal performance. Results To address these challenges, we have developed a novel tool called Machine Learning Made Easy (MLme) that streamlines the use of ML in research, specifically focusing on classification problems at present. By integrating four essential functionalities, namely Data Exploration, AutoML, CustomML, and Visualization, MLme fulfills the diverse requirements of researchers while eliminating the need for extensive coding efforts. To demonstrate the applicability of MLme, we conducted rigorous testing on six distinct datasets, each presenting unique characteristics and challenges. Our results consistently showed promising performance across different datasets, reaffirming the versatility and effectiveness of the tool. Additionally, by utilizing MLme's feature selection functionality, we successfully identified significant markers for CD8+ naive (BACH2), CD16+ (CD16), and CD14+ (VCAN) cell populations. Conclusion MLme serves as a valuable resource for leveraging machine learning (ML) to facilitate insightful data analysis and enhance research outcomes, while alleviating concerns related to complex coding scripts. The source code and a detailed tutorial for MLme are available at https://github.com/FunctionalUrology/MLme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mitali Katoch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Navid Shekarchizadeh
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI) Dresden/Leipzig, 04105 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Masoud Abedi
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ankush Sharma
- KG Jebsen Centre for B-cell malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rosalyn M. Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Akshay A, Katoch M, Abedi M, Besic M, Shekarchizadeh N, Burkhard FC, Bigger-Allen A, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Gheinani AH. SpheroScan: A User-Friendly Deep Learning Tool for Spheroid Image Analysis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.28.533479. [PMID: 37425923 PMCID: PMC10327116 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.533479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Background In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) spheroid models have become increasingly popular in scientific research as they provide a more physiologically relevant microenvironment that mimics in vivo conditions. The use of 3D spheroid assays has proven to be advantageous as it offers a better understanding of the cellular behavior, drug efficacy, and toxicity as compared to traditional two-dimensional cell culture methods. However, the use of 3D spheroid assays is impeded by the absence of automated and user-friendly tools for spheroid image analysis, which adversely affects the reproducibility and throughput of these assays. Results To address these issues, we have developed a fully automated, web-based tool called SpheroScan, which uses the deep learning framework called Mask Regions with Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN) for image detection and segmentation. To develop a deep learning model that could be applied to spheroid images from a range of experimental conditions, we trained the model using spheroid images captured using IncuCyte Live-Cell Analysis System and a conventional microscope. Performance evaluation of the trained model using validation and test datasets shows promising results. Conclusion SpheroScan allows for easy analysis of large numbers of images and provides interactive visualization features for a more in-depth understanding of the data. Our tool represents a significant advancement in the analysis of spheroid images and will facilitate the widespread adoption of 3D spheroid models in scientific research. The source code and a detailed tutorial for SpheroScan are available at https://github.com/FunctionalUrology/SpheroScan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mitali Katoch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Masoud Abedi
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Navid Shekarchizadeh
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI) Dresden/Leipzig, 04105 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alex Bigger-Allen
- Biological & Biomedical Sciences Program, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rosalyn M. Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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von Siebenthal M, Akshay A, Besic M, Schneider MP, Hashemi Gheinani A, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Molecular Characterization of Non-Neurogenic and Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (LUTD) in SCI-Induced and Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032451. [PMID: 36768773 PMCID: PMC9916488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined bladder function following spinal cord injury (SCI) by repeated urodynamic investigation (UDI), including external urethral sphincter (EUS) electromyography (EMG) in awake restrained mice and correlated micturition parameters to gene expression and morphological changes in the bladder. A partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) model was used for comparison to elucidate both the common and specific features of obstructive and neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Thirty female C57Bl/6J mice in each group received an implanted bladder catheter with additional electrodes placed next to the EUS in the SCI group. UDI assessments were performed weekly for 7 weeks (pBOO group) or 8 weeks (SCI group), after which bladders were harvested for histological and transcriptome analysis. SCI mice developed detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) one week after injury with high-pressure oscillations and a significantly increased maximal bladder pressure Pmax and were unable to void spontaneously during the whole observation period. They showed an increased bladder-to-bodyweight ratio, bladder fibrosis, and transcriptome changes indicative of extracellular matrix remodeling and alterations of neuronal signaling and muscle contraction. In contrast, pBOO led to a significantly increased Pmax after one week, which normalized at later time points. Increased bladder-to-bodyweight ratio and pronounced gene expression changes involving immune and inflammatory pathways were observed 7 weeks after pBOO. Comparative transcriptome analysis of SCI and pBOO bladders revealed the activation of Wnt and TGF-beta signaling in both the neurogenic and obstructive LUTD and highlighted FGF2 as a major upregulated transcription factor during organ remodeling. We conclude that SCI-induced DSD in mice leads to profound changes in neuronal signaling and muscle contractility, leading to bladder fibrosis. In a similar time frame, significant bladder remodeling following pBOO allowed for functional compensation, preserving normal micturition parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle von Siebenthal
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc P. Schneider
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-316328776
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Akshay A, Katoch M, Abedi M, Shekarchizadeh N, Besic M, Burkhard FC, Bigger-Allen A, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Gheinani AH. SpheroScan: a user-friendly deep learning tool for spheroid image analysis. Gigascience 2022; 12:giad082. [PMID: 37889008 PMCID: PMC10603766 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, 3-dimensional (3D) spheroid models have become increasingly popular in scientific research as they provide a more physiologically relevant microenvironment that mimics in vivo conditions. The use of 3D spheroid assays has proven to be advantageous as it offers a better understanding of the cellular behavior, drug efficacy, and toxicity as compared to traditional 2-dimensional cell culture methods. However, the use of 3D spheroid assays is impeded by the absence of automated and user-friendly tools for spheroid image analysis, which adversely affects the reproducibility and throughput of these assays. RESULTS To address these issues, we have developed a fully automated, web-based tool called SpheroScan, which uses the deep learning framework called Mask Regions with Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN) for image detection and segmentation. To develop a deep learning model that could be applied to spheroid images from a range of experimental conditions, we trained the model using spheroid images captured using IncuCyte Live-Cell Analysis System and a conventional microscope. Performance evaluation of the trained model using validation and test datasets shows promising results. CONCLUSION SpheroScan allows for easy analysis of large numbers of images and provides interactive visualization features for a more in-depth understanding of the data. Our tool represents a significant advancement in the analysis of spheroid images and will facilitate the widespread adoption of 3D spheroid models in scientific research. The source code and a detailed tutorial for SpheroScan are available at https://github.com/FunctionalUrology/SpheroScan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mitali Katoch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Masoud Abedi
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Navid Shekarchizadeh
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI) Dresden/Leipzig, 04105 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alex Bigger-Allen
- Biological & Biomedical Sciences Program, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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Akshay A, Abedi M, Shekarchizadeh N, Burkhard FC, Katoch M, Bigger-Allen A, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K, Gheinani AH. MLcps: machine learning cumulative performance score for classification problems. Gigascience 2022; 12:giad108. [PMID: 38091508 PMCID: PMC10716825 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing the performance of machine learning (ML) models requires careful consideration of the evaluation metrics used. It is often necessary to utilize multiple metrics to gain a comprehensive understanding of a trained model's performance, as each metric focuses on a specific aspect. However, comparing the scores of these individual metrics for each model to determine the best-performing model can be time-consuming and susceptible to subjective user preferences, potentially introducing bias. RESULTS We propose the Machine Learning Cumulative Performance Score (MLcps), a novel evaluation metric for classification problems. MLcps integrates several precomputed evaluation metrics into a unified score, enabling a comprehensive assessment of the trained model's strengths and weaknesses. We tested MLcps on 4 publicly available datasets, and the results demonstrate that MLcps provides a holistic evaluation of the model's robustness, ensuring a thorough understanding of its overall performance. CONCLUSIONS By utilizing MLcps, researchers and practitioners no longer need to individually examine and compare multiple metrics to identify the best-performing models. Instead, they can rely on a single MLcps value to assess the overall performance of their ML models. This streamlined evaluation process saves valuable time and effort, enhancing the efficiency of model evaluation. MLcps is available as a Python package at https://pypi.org/project/MLcps/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Masoud Abedi
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Navid Shekarchizadeh
- Department of Medical Data Science, Leipzig University Medical Centre, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI) Dresden/Leipzig, 04105 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mitali Katoch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex Bigger-Allen
- Biological & Biomedical Sciences Program, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
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Liechti MD, van der Lely S, Knüpfer SC, Abt D, Kiss B, Leitner L, Mordasini L, Tornic J, Wöllner J, Mehnert U, Bachmann LM, Burkhard FC, Engeler DS, Pannek J, Kessler TM. Sacral Neuromodulation for Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction. NEJM Evid 2022; 1:EVIDoa2200071. [PMID: 38319849 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
SNM for Urinary Tract DysfunctionThis study evaluated SNM for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. A neurostimulator was implanted for permanent stimulation and optimized using subsensory stimulation. It remained on or was switched off, with patients masked to the condition. After 2 months, the SNM ON group had significantly different success compared with the SNM OFF group (76% vs. 42%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina D Liechti
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie van der Lely
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie C Knüpfer
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Abt
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Spitalzentrum Biel/Centre Hospitalier Bienne, Biel/Bienne, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Kiss
- Department of Urology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Leitner
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Livio Mordasini
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- URO-Sursee, Uroviva, Sursee, Switzerland
| | - Jure Tornic
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Clinic for Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Jens Wöllner
- Neuro-Urology, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Mehnert
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Engeler
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Pannek
- Department of Urology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Neuro-Urology, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Kessler
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Beilstein CM, Buehler OD, Furrer MA, Martig L, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY, Engel D. Impact of early postoperative creatinine increase on mid-term renal function after cystectomy. Int J Urol 2022; 29:713-723. [PMID: 35365891 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether early acute kidney injury affects mid-term renal function, to identify risk factors for impaired mid-term renal function, and to highlight the evolution of plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the first 12 months after cystectomy and urinary diversion. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective observational cohort study from 2000 to 2019. We included 900 consecutive patients undergoing cystectomy and urinary diversion. Patients with incomplete data and preoperative hemodialysis were excluded. Early acute kidney injury was defined as an increase in plasma creatinine of >50% or >26.5 μmol/L within 24 h after surgery. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to model the association between risk factors and change in plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate at 12 months. RESULTS Early acute kidney injury was diagnosed in 183/900 patients (20.3%) and was associated with significant mid-term plasma creatinine increase compared to preoperative value (+10.0 μmol/L [95% confidence interval -1.5, 25.0] vs +4.0 μmol/L [-7.0, 13.0]; P < 0.001). Similarly, a significant estimated glomerular filtration rate change was found (-11.2 mL/min [95% confidence interval -19.8, 0.6] vs -4.9 mL/min [-15.6, 5.3]; P < 0.001). In the linear regression model, early acute kidney injury increased creatinine at 12 months by 9.8% (estimated glomerular filtration rate: decrease by 6.2 mL/min), male sex by 12.0%. Limitations include retrospective analysis from prospectively assessed data. CONCLUSIONS Early acute kidney injury resulted in elevated plasma creatinine and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate values 12 months postoperatively, albeit the clinical relevance remains questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Beilstein
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver D Buehler
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Furrer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Martig
- Statistics & Methodology significantis, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Engel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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15
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Furrer MA, Abgottspon J, Huber M, Engel D, Löffel LM, Beilstein CM, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY. Perioperative continuation of aspirin, oral anticoagulants or bridging with therapeutic low-molecular-weight heparin does not increase intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion rate in cystectomy patients: an observational cohort study. BJU Int 2022; 129:512-523. [PMID: 34585829 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess if uninterrupted anticoagulant agents' administration affects blood loss and blood transfusion during open radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted an observational single-centre cohort study of a consecutive series of 1430 RC patients, between 2000 and 2020. Blood loss was depicted according to body weight and duration of surgery (mL/kg/h), and blood transfusion. The group 'with anticoagulant agents' was considered if surgery was performed with uninterrupted low-dose aspirin (ASS), oral anticoagulants (OAC) with an international normalised ratio (INR) goal of 2-2.5 or bridging with therapeutic low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Outcomes were intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion rate (separately analysed if administered within 24 h perioperatively or >24 h after surgery) and the 90-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate. We used propensity score (PS)-matching analysis to adjust for imbalances between groups with or without anticoagulant agents. RESULTS The PS-matched median (interquartile range [IQR]) blood loss was 2.10 (1.50-2.94) mL/kg/h in patients with anticoagulant agents vs 2.11 (1.47-2.94) mL/kg/h without anticoagulant agents (Padj > 0.99). The PS-matched blood transfusion rates were 26.2% vs 35.1% (Padj = 0.875) within 24 h perioperatively and 57.0% vs 55.0% (Padj = 0.680) if administered >24 h postoperatively. A sub-analysis of the three different anticoagulant agents could not detect any significance between ASS, OAC, or LMWH. The PS-matched incidence of MACE was 9.1% in the group with anticoagulant agents and 8.1% in those without anticoagulant agents (Padj > 0.99). Limitations include selection bias and retrospective analysis from prospectively assessed data. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative continuation of ASS, uninterrupted OAC with low INR goal or bridging with LMWH had no impact on blood loss and transfusion rate in RC patients. Therefore, there might be no compulsory need for discontinuation of anticoagulant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Furrer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Janine Abgottspon
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Huber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Engel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lukas M Löffel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Beilstein
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Furrer MA, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY, Thomas BC. A perioperative inter-disciplinary and inter-professional approach for major open urological surgeries is crucial to optimize patient-specific outcomes. World J Urol 2022; 40:1077-1078. [PMID: 34037819 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Furrer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin C Thomas
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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von Siebenthal M, Schneider MP, Zheng S, Wuethrich PY, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Effects of opioids and benzodiazepines on bladder function of awake restrained mice. Am J Clin Exp Urol 2021; 9:456-468. [PMID: 34993265 PMCID: PMC8727790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to study the effects of anaesthetics on bladder function using repeated urodynamic investigation (UDI) including external urethral sphincter (EUS) electromyography (EMG) in awake restrained mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female C57Bl/6J mice underwent either bladder catheter (n=6) or bladder catheter plus electrodes (n=10) implantation next to the EUS. A control group (n=3) was included for histological analysis. Following awake UDI, the effects of midazolam (5 mg/kg) and opioids (fentanyl (50 μg/kg) and hydromorphine (250 μg/kg)) on bladder function were studied. Mice were allowed to recover from drug application for at least one day before being subjected to the next drug and UDI. Bladder weight was assessed and fibrotic changes were analysed by Masson's trichrome staining. RESULTS EUS-EMG activity during voiding was reduced compared to before and after voiding in baseline measurements. Threshold and maximal detrusor pressure were significantly increased in both midazolam and the opioids. The opioids lead to either a significantly increased bladder filling volume and micturition cycle duration (hydromorphine) or a complete loss of the voiding phase leading to overflow incontinence (fentanyl). Bladder-to bodyweight ratio was significantly increased in both groups with an implanted catheter compared to controls. No differences were observed between the groups with- or without implanted electrodes regarding bladder-to bodyweight ratio, bladder fibrosis and urodynamic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Repeated UDIs combined with EUS-EMG are feasible in the awake mouse model. The presence of electrodes next to the EUS does not obstruct the bladder outlet. Opioids and benzodiazepines severely interfere with physiological bladder function: fentanyl and hydromorphine disrupted the voiding phase evidenced by the reduced coordination of EUS activity with detrusor contraction, while bladder emptying under midazolam was achieved by EUS relaxation only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle von Siebenthal
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of BernSwitzerland
| | - Marc P Schneider
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of BernSwitzerland
| | - Shaokai Zheng
- Urogenital Engineering Group, ARTORG Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital University Hospital, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of BernSwitzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of BernSwitzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of BernBern, Switzerland
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Gheinani AH, Akshay A, Besic M, Kuhn A, Keller I, Bruggmann R, Rehrauer H, Adam RM, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Integrated mRNA-miRNA transcriptome analysis of bladder biopsies from patients with bladder pain syndrome identifies signaling alterations contributing to the disease pathogenesis. BMC Urol 2021; 21:172. [PMID: 34876093 PMCID: PMC8653529 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial cystitis, or bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), is a chronic bladder disorder characterized by lower abdominal pain associated with the urinary bladder and accompanied by urinary frequency and urgency in the absence of identifiable causes. IC/PBS can be separated into the classic Hunner’s ulcerative type and the more prevalent non-ulcerative disease. Our aim was to unravel the biological processes and dysregulated cell signaling pathways leading to the bladder remodeling in non-ulcerative bladder pain syndrome (BPS) by studying the gene expression changes in the patients’ biopsies.
Methods We performed paired microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiling in the bladder biopsies of BPS patients with non-Hunner interstitial cystitis phenotype, using comprehensive Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and studied the activated pathways and altered biological processes based on the global gene expression changes. Paired mRNA-miRNA transcriptome analysis delineated the regulatory role of the dysregulated miRNAs by identifying their targets in the disease-induced pathways. Results EIF2 Signaling and Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K Signaling, activated in response to cellular stress, were among the most significantly regulated processes during BPS. Leukotriene Biosynthesis nociceptive pathway, important in inflammatory diseases and neuropathic pain, was also significantly activated. The biological processes identified using Gene Ontology over-representation analysis were clustered into six main functional groups: cell cycle regulation, chemotaxis of immune cells, muscle development, muscle contraction, remodeling of extracellular matrix and peripheral nervous system organization and development. Compared to the Hunner’s ulcerative type IC, activation of the immune pathways was modest in non-ulcerative BPS, limited to neutrophil chemotaxis and IFN-γ-mediated signaling. We identified 62 miRNAs, regulated and abundant in BPS and show that they target the mRNAs implicated in eIF2 signalling pathway. Conclusions The bladders of non-ulcerative BPS patients recruited in this study had alterations consistent with a strong cell proliferative response and an up-regulation of smooth muscle contractility, while the contribution of inflammatory processes was modest. Pathway analysis of the integrated mRNA-miRNA NGS dataset pinpointed important regulatory miRNAs whose dysregulation might contribute to the pathogenesis. Observed molecular changes in the peripheral nervous system organization and development indicate the potential role of local bladder innervation in the pain perceived in this type of BPS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12894-021-00934-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annette Kuhn
- Department of Gynaecology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Historically, urologists regarded prostate enlargement as the sole cause for male bladder problems. Nocturia, hesitancy, weak stream, and post void dribbling are classical symptoms that seemed to correlate solely to an enlarged prostate (benign prostate enlargement BPE resulting from benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH leading to bladder outlet obstruction BOO due to benign prostatic obstruction BPO). Over time, subdivision of symptoms into storage, voiding and post-voiding symptoms raised awareness of the urinary tract fine-tuning associated with urine storage and voiding, and led to the umbrella term "lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)", which respects bladder and prostate function. Storage symptoms consist of altered bladder sensation, increased daytime frequency, nocturia, urgency +/- incontinence; voiding symptoms of hesitancy, intermittency, weak or irregular stream, straining and terminal dribble. Post-void dribbling and sensation of incomplete voiding are considered post-voiding symptoms. In a similar manner in the past, urinary problems seemed to have either a functional or an organrelated origin. Symptoms would result from a malfunction of the nervous system or at least one of the following: bladder, prostate, urethra. While research goes on, it seems as if the more we know about urine storage and voiding, the more complicated it gets: different mechanism can mimic the same symptoms. Clinically, it remains ever the more challenging to understand the pathophysiological context of each patient. Metabolic syndrome, too, is an umbrella term. The term relates to interconnected biochemical, physiologic, metabolic and clinical factors, that increase the individual's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), heart disease, and early mortality.1 According to the WHO, three of the following findings defines the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS): - waist/hip ratio >0.85 in women, >0.9 in men or BMI >30 kg/m2; - type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), increased fasting glucose or impaired glucose; tolerance; - Triglyceridemia ≥150 mg/dl; - HDL concentration < 39 mg/dl in women/<35 mg/dl in men; - Blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg; - Microalbuminuria. Metabolic changes caused by MetS pathophysiologically start with visceral adiposity. It leads to different changes in the signaling pathway including cytokines, elevated transmitters of inflammation, higher levels of free fatty acids (FFA), and adipokines, resulting in vasoconstriction, insulin resistance, impaired glucose uptake and high insulin secretion. Furthermore, MetS is thought to be associated with nephrolithiasis, BPH, LUTS, erectile dysfunction (ED), and infertility2. Associated testosterone deficiency, whether correlated to MetS or physiological ageing, may alter the structure of the lower urinary tract, such as urethral and bladder epithelial cells.3 This review aims at synthesizing interactions and consequences of LUTS with MetS. There are numerous connections between the two umbrella terms. Our review subdivides into bladder and prostate function, which lead to LUTS and how the metabolic syndrome interferes with these aspects. As asked for by the editor, it will focus on the male lower urinary tract, although women suffer from LUTS as well, even in the absence of a prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gallus B Ineichen
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital Berne, Berne, Switzerland -
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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von Siebenthal M, Besic M, Gheinani AH, Akshay A, Lizun-Platoni S, Kunz N, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Urinary miRNA profiles discriminate between obstruction-induced bladder dysfunction and healthy controls. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10204. [PMID: 33986358 PMCID: PMC8119692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Urgency, frequency and incomplete emptying are the troublesome symptoms often shared between benign prostatic obstruction-induced (BLUTD) and neurogenic (NLUTD) lower urinary tract dysfunction. Previously, using bladder biopsies, we suggested a panel of miRNA biomarkers for different functional phenotypes of the bladder. Urine is a good source of circulating miRNAs, but sex- and age-matched controls are important for urinary metabolite comparison. In two groups of healthy subjects (average age 32 and 57 years old, respectively) the total protein and RNA content was very similar between age groups, but the number of secreted extracellular vesicles (uEVs) and expression of several miRNAs were higher in the young healthy male volunteers. Timing of urine collection was not important for these parameters. We also evaluated the suitability of urinary miRNAs for non-invasive diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). A three urinary miRNA signature (miR-10a-5p, miR-301b-3p and miR-363-3p) could discriminate between controls and patients with LUTD (BLUTD and NLUTD). This panel of representative miRNAs can be further explored to develop a non-invasive diagnostic test for BOO. The age-related discrepancy in the urinary miRNA content observed in this study points to the importance of selecting appropriate, age-matched controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle von Siebenthal
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Akshay Akshay
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Nadine Kunz
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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21
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Furrer MA, Kiss B, Wüthrich PY, Thomas BC, Noser L, Studer UE, Burkhard FC. Long-term Outcomes of Cystectomy and Crossfolded Ileal Reservoir Combined with an Afferent Tubular Segment for Heterotopic Continent Urinary Diversion: A Longitudinal Single-centre Study. Eur Urol Focus 2020; 7:629-637. [PMID: 32654968 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The crossfolded ileal reservoir combined with an afferent tubular isoperistaltic segment for heterotopic continent urinary diversion has been performed on a regular basis for over 20 years. Yet data on long-term-outcomes remain sparse. OBJECTIVE To report long-term functional and oncological outcomes, gastrointestinal and metabolic disturbances, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and quality of life. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Long-term functional and oncological outcomes of a consecutive series of 118 patients undergoing cystectomy and construction of a continent cutaneous crossfolded ileal reservoir from 2000 to 2018 were evaluated. INTERVENTION Patients underwent cystectomy and construction of a continent cutaneous crossfolded ileal reservoir according to the Studer technique for bladder reconstruction. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Pre- and postoperative data until last follow-up appointment were entered prospectively in the departmental database. Self-reported questionnaires regarding quality of life, patient satisfaction, and difficulty in catheterisation were sent to patients preoperatively; after 3, 6, 12, and 24 mo; and at last follow-up, and were then manually entered in the departmental database. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS The median follow-up was 7.8 (interquartile range 3-12.7) yr. Patient satisfaction was high in 77.4% and moderate in 16.9%. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate remained stable during follow-up. Of all patients, 81% (96/118) had at least one UTI during follow-up. Recurrent UTIs occurred in 67% (79/118) of patients. Urolithiasis was found in 12% (14/118), with 6% (7/118) having a single and 6% a recurrent event. Of all stone formers, 79% (11/14) had recurrent UTIs. In oncological patients, 12.5% (10/79) developed a local recurrence. Cancer-specific survival and overall survival were 90% and 88%, and 68% and 56% after 1 and 10 yr, respectively. A limitations is the retrospective analysis from prospectively assessed data. CONCLUSIONS A high satisfaction level, stability of kidney function, and low rates of urolithiasis in patients with a heterotopic continent ileal reservoir can be achieved, provided that close attention is paid to intra- and postoperative details. Regular lifelong follow-up is essential for timely detection and treatment of complications. Oncological outcome is not affected by the urinary diversion. PATIENT SUMMARY In patients with a continent cutaneous ileal reservoir, good quality of life and a high satisfaction rate are possible provided that patients adhere to regular lifelong follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Furrer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Urology, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Bernhard Kiss
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wüthrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin C Thomas
- Department of Urology, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ladina Noser
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs E Studer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Löffel LM, Gross T, Schneider MP, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Bosshard P, Wuethrich PY, Furrer MA. Complication reporting with the Bern Comprehensive Complication Index CCI after open radical prostatectomy: A longitudinal long-term single-center study. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:79.e1-79.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - George N Thalmann
- Department of Urology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
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Furrer MA, Huesler J, Fellmann A, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Wuethrich PY. The Comprehensive Complication Index CCI: A proposed modification to optimize short-term complication reporting after cystectomy and urinary diversion. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:291.e9-291.e18. [PMID: 30638668 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To optimize complication reporting in patients undergoing cystectomy and urinary diversion (UD) using the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). The original CCI ranging from 0 (no complications) to 100 (death) integrates all complications weighted by severity over time in a single formula. However, due to the large number of complications after cystectomy and UD, the CCI may exceed the upper limit. METHODS In an observational single-center cohort, 90-day postoperative complications in 1,313 consecutive patients undergoing cystectomy and UD from 2000 to 2017 were evaluated. Prospectively collected complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC). A modified Berne CCI was developed using an exponential function, which transforms the sum of the weights into a value between 0 and 100. The correlation between the Berne and original CCI values was depicted graphically. Finally, original CCI and Berne CCI values for each patient were extracted and compared. Predictive values of CCI scores for mortality or severe complications (CDC ≥IV) within 1 year postoperatively were investigated by use of multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Overall complication rate was 82%, with CDC grade I to II in 56% and CDC grade IIIa to V in 27% respectively. Applying the original CCI, the upper limit was exceeded in 8 patients, with a maximal value of 119.1 (median 25.7 [interquartile range: 20.9-37.2]). The maximal value of the Berne CCI was 99.4 (21.2 [14.6-39.3]) for nondeath cases. The Berne CCI predicted the onset of death and severe complications between postoperative day 91 and 365 (both P <0.0001), whereas the original CCI was only predictive in interaction with other variables but not alone (P = 0.2772 and P = 0.0862, respectively). CONCLUSION The optimized Berne CCI depicts postoperative morbidity and burden within 90 days after cystectomy and UD without exceeding the upper index limit. It is specifically suited for longitudinal assessment of complications after cystectomy and UD taking into consideration every single complication and corresponding treatment. As the Berne CCI well predicted the onset of mortality and severe complications within 1 year postoperatively, this may allow a better preoperative patient counselling. It therefore warrants consideration for standardized reporting of complications after cystectomy and UD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Furrer
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Juerg Huesler
- Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Fellmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - George N Thalmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Gheinani AH, Köck I, Vasquez E, Baumgartner U, Bigger-Allen A, Sack BS, Burkhard FC, Adam RM, Monastyrskaya K. Concordant miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in humans and mice with bladder outlet obstruction. Am J Clin Exp Urol 2018; 6:219-233. [PMID: 30697578 PMCID: PMC6334198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) leads to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urodynamic changes of the bladder function. Previously we identified microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiles associated with different states of BOO-induced LUTD in human patients. Bladder wall remodeling resulting from obstruction is widely studied in animal models of experimentally-induced partial BOO (pBOO). Here we determined the expression profiles of miRNAs and selected mRNAs in pBOO mice and compared the observed changes to human patients. Similar to results from human patients, we observed a down-regulation of smooth muscle-associated miRNAs mmu-miR-1, mmu-miR-143, mmu-miR-145, mmu-miR-486 and mmu-miR-133a in pBOO mouse bladders. Pro-fibrotic miRNAs mmu-miR-142-3p and mmu-miR-21 were up-regulated, and anti-fibrotic miRNA mmu-miR-29c was down-regulated. Pathway analysis in human BOO patients identified TNF-alpha as the top upstream regulator. Although there was evidence of hypertrophic changes in pBOO mice, contrary to human data, we observed no regulation of TNF-responsive genes in the mouse model. Experimentally-induced pBOO in mice led to significant gene expression changes, including alteration of pro-fibrotic mRNAs and miRNAs resembling human BOO patients. Gene expression changes were also validated in a mouse model of bladder inflammation. Lack of evidence of TNF-alpha-induced miRNA and mRNA regulation might indicate a different pathophysiological mechanism of organ remodeling in pBOO model compared to the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Ivonne Köck
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, University of BernSwitzerland
| | - Evalynn Vasquez
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
- Division of Urology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | | | - Alexander Bigger-Allen
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Bryan S Sack
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
- Department of Urology, Mott Children’s Hospital and University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, University of BernSwitzerland
- Department of Urology, University HospitalBern, Switzerland
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Lombardo R, Burkhard FC, Tubaro A. Re: Association Between the Amount of Vaginal Mesh Used with Mesh Erosions and Repeated Surgery After Repairing Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Stress Urinary Incontinence. Eur Urol 2018; 75:196-197. [PMID: 30429049 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Lombardo
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Tubaro
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Burkhard FC. Is robot-assisted surgery noninferior or real progress? Nat Rev Urol 2018; 15:728-729. [PMID: 30283049 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-018-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Schneider MP, Tubaro A, Burkhard FC. Does Urodynamics Impact the Outcomes of Third-line Therapy of Refractory OAB (or Refractory Urgency Urinary Incontinence)? Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11884-018-0480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Furrer MA, Schneider MP, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY. Incidence and perioperative risk factors for early acute kidney injury after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:306.e17-306.e23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Gross T, Furrer M, Schorno P, Wuethrich PY, Schneider MP, Thalmann GN, Burkhard FC. Reproductive organ-sparing cystectomy significantly improves continence in women after orthotopic bladder substitution without affecting oncological outcome. BJU Int 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gross
- Department of Urology; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
- Department of Urology; Royal Melbourne Hospital; Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Marc Furrer
- Department of Urology; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Petra Schorno
- Department of Urology; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y. Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
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Hashemi Gheinani A, Koeck I, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. MP38-11 ROLE OF MICRORNAS, INHIBITED BY TNF-?, IN SMOOTH MUSCLE REMODELING DURING OUTLET OBSTRUCTION-INDUCED LOWER URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION. J Urol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital Anna Seiler-Haus, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Lombardo R, Bosch JLHR, Burkhard FC, Tubaro A. Re: A Randomized Study of Intraoperative Autologous Retropubic Urethral Sling on Urinary Control After Robotic Assisted Radical Prostatectomy. Eur Urol 2018; 73:980-981. [PMID: 29429803 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Lombardo
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - J L H Ruud Bosch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Tubaro
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Furrer MA, Studer UE, Gross T, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Nguyen DP. Nerve-sparing radical cystectomy has a beneficial impact on urinary continence after orthotopic bladder substitution, which becomes even more apparent over time. BJU Int 2018; 121:935-944. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.14123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Furrer
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Urs E. Studer
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Tobias Gross
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - George N. Thalmann
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Daniel P. Nguyen
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
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Nambiar AK, Bosch R, Cruz F, Lemack GE, Thiruchelvam N, Tubaro A, Bedretdinova DA, Ambühl D, Farag F, Lombardo R, Schneider MP, Burkhard FC. EAU Guidelines on Assessment and Nonsurgical Management of Urinary Incontinence. Eur Urol 2018; 73:596-609. [PMID: 29398262 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The European Association of Urology guidelines on urinary incontinence (UI) have been updated in cyclical fashion with successive major chapters being revised each year. The sections on assessment, diagnosis, and nonsurgical treatment have been updated as of mid-2016. OBJECTIVE We present a condensed version of the full guideline on assessment and nonsurgical management of UI, with the aim of improving accessibility and increasing their dissemination. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Our literature search was updated from the previous cut-off of July 2010 up to April 2016. Evidence synthesis was carried out by a pragmatic review of current systematic reviews and any newer subsequent high-quality studies, based on Population, Interevention, Comparator, and Outcome questions. Appraisal was conducted by an international panel of experts, working on a strictly nonprofit and voluntary basis, to develop concise evidence statements and action-based recommendations using modified Oxford and GRADE criteria. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The guidelines include algorithms that summarise the suggested pathway for standard, uncomplicated patients with UI and are more useable in daily practice. The full version of the guideline is available at http://uroweb.org/guideline/urinary-incontinence/. CONCLUSIONS These updated guidelines provide an evidence-based summary of the assessment and nonsurgical management of UI, together with a clear clinical algorithm and action-based recommendations. Although these guidelines are applicable to a standard patient, it must be remembered that therapy should always be tailored to individual patients' needs and circumstances. PATIENT SUMMARY Urinary incontinence is a very common condition which negatively impacts patient's quality of life. Several types of incontinence exist and since the treatments will vary, it is important that the diagnostic evaluation establishes which type is present. The diagnosis should also identify patients who need rapid referral to an appropriate specialist. These guidelines aim to provide sensible and practical evidence-based guidance on the clinical problem of urinary incontinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun K Nambiar
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
| | - Ruud Bosch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco Cruz
- Department of Urology, Hospital São João/Faculty of Medicine of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gary E Lemack
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, TX, USA
| | - Nikesh Thiruchelvam
- Urology Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea Tubaro
- Department of Urology, La Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - David Ambühl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fawzy Farag
- Department of Urology, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Riccardo Lombardo
- Department of Urology, La Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marc P Schneider
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Maderthaner L, Furrer MA, Studer UE, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Nguyen DP. More extended lymph node dissection template at radical prostatectomy detects metastases in the common iliac region and in the fossa of Marcille. BJU Int 2017; 121:725-731. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.13993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Maderthaner
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Marc A. Furrer
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Urs E. Studer
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - George N. Thalmann
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Daniel P. Nguyen
- Department of Urology; Inselspital; Bern University Hospital; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
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Hashemi Gheinani A, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. MP82-08 THE POTENTIAL OF 2 MICRORNA CLUSTERS IN ELUCIDATION OF BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF SIGNALLING PATHWAYS REGULATED BY MICRORNAS IN UNDERACTIVE BLADDER. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Köck I, Hashemi Gheinani A, Burkhard FC, Katia M. MP82-19 VALIDATION OF TNF-? AS THE TOP UPSTREAM REGULATOR OF BLADDER REMODELING DURING OUTLET OBSTRUCTION-INDUCED LOWER URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Furrer MA, Gross T, Nguyen DP, Boxler S, Genitsch V, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN. PD15-12 THE IMPACT OF NERVE SPARING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY ON ONCOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH RISK PROSTATE CANCER: A RETROSPECTIVE LONG-TERM SINGLE CENTER STUDY. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.3294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Monastyrskaya K, Koeck I, Vasquez E, Hashemi Gheinani A, Baumgartner U, Sack B, Lukianov S, Burkhard FC, Adam RM. MP26-01 CONCORDANT MIRNA AND MRNA EXPRESSION PROFILES IN BLADDERS OF OBSTRUCTED HUMANS AND MICE. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Vasquez E, Cristofaro V, Lukianov S, Burkhard FC, Gheinani AH, Monastyrskaya K, Bielenberg DR, Sullivan MP, Adam RM. Deletion of neuropilin 2 enhances detrusor contractility following bladder outlet obstruction. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90617. [PMID: 28194441 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic urethral obstruction and the ensuing bladder wall remodeling can lead to diminished bladder smooth muscle (BSM) contractility and debilitating lower urinary tract symptoms. No effective pharmacotherapy exists to restore BSM contractile function. Neuropilin 2 (Nrp2) is a transmembrane protein that is highly expressed in BSM. Nrp2 deletion in mice leads to increased BSM contraction. We determined whether genetic ablation of Nrp2 could restore BSM contractility following obstruction. Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) was created by urethral occlusion in mice with either constitutive and ubiquitous, or inducible smooth muscle-specific deletion of Nrp2, and Nrp2-intact littermates. Mice without obstruction served as additional controls. Contractility was measured by isometric tension testing. Nrp2 deletion prior to pBOO increased force generation in BSM 4 weeks following surgery. Deletion of Nrp2 in mice already subjected to pBOO for 4 weeks showed increased contractility of tissues tested 6 weeks after surgery compared with nondeleted controls. Assessment of tissues from patients with urodynamically defined bladder outlet obstruction revealed reduced NRP2 levels in obstructed bladders with compensated compared with decompensated function, relative to asymptomatic controls. We conclude that downregulation of Nrp2 promotes BSM force generation. Neuropilin 2 may represent a novel target to restore contractility following obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evalynn Vasquez
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
| | - Vivian Cristofaro
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School.,Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefan Lukianov
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Diane R Bielenberg
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School.,Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maryrose P Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School.,Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
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Gheinani AH, Kiss B, Moltzahn F, Keller I, Bruggmann R, Rehrauer H, Fournier CA, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Characterization of miRNA-regulated networks, hubs of signaling, and biomarkers in obstruction-induced bladder dysfunction. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e89560. [PMID: 28138557 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) induces significant organ remodeling, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms accompanied by urodynamic changes in bladder function. Here, we report mRNA and miRNA transcriptome sequencing of bladder samples from human patients with different urodynamically defined states of BOO. Patients' miRNA and mRNA expression profiles correlated with urodynamic findings. Validation of RNA sequencing results in an independent patient cohort identified combinations of 3 mRNAs (NRXN3, BMP7, UPK1A) and 3 miRNAs (miR-103a-3p, miR-10a-5p, miR-199a-3p) sufficient to discriminate between bladder functional states. All BOO patients shared cytokine and immune response pathways, TGF-β and NO signaling pathways, and hypertrophic PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. AP-1 and NFkB were dominant transcription factors, and TNF-α was the top upstream regulator. Integrated miRNA-mRNA expression analysis identified pathways and molecules targeted by differentially expressed miRNAs. Molecular changes in BOO suggest an increasing involvement of miRNAs in the control of bladder function from the overactive to underactive/acontractile states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Kiss
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Moltzahn
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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Löffel LM, Kleeb B, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY. Erratum to: ‘Perioperative use of crystalloids in patients undergoing open radical cystectomy: balanced Ringer’s maleate versus a glucose 5 %/potassium-based balanced solution: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial’. Trials 2016; 17:95. [PMID: 26891911 PMCID: PMC4759760 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1221-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Schoenenberger AW, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Wuethrich PY. Influence and Impact of Cognitive Trajectories on Outcome in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy: An Observational Study. Urology 2016; 92:63-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Löffel LM, Burkhard FC, Wuethrich PY. PD12-11 GASTROINTESTINAL RECOVERY IS ACCELERATED AND ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCES ARE REDUCED AFTER RADICAL CYSTECTOMY BY PERIOPERATIVE USE OF A NEW CRYSTALLOID SOLUTION: RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Furrer MA, Roth B, Nguyen DP, Kiss B, Boxler S, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Studer UE. PD27-10 LONG-TERM SURVIVORS WITH AN ILEAL ORTHOTOPIC BLADDER SUBSTITUTE MAINTAIN GOOD CONTINENCE AND RENAL FUNCTION OUTCOMES. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kiss B, Paerli M, Schöndorf D, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN, Roth B. Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection may be Limited on the Contralateral Side in Strictly Unilateral Bladder Cancer without Compromising Oncological Radicality. Bladder Cancer 2016; 2:53-59. [PMID: 27376125 PMCID: PMC4927826 DOI: 10.3233/blc-150031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of a dynamic multimodality mapping study showed no lymphatic drainage of the lateral bladder wall to the contralateral internal iliac region. OBJECTIVES To validate whether pathoanatomical mapping in bladder cancer (BC) patients can confirm these results. METHODS Between 01/2000 and 07/2013, 825 BC patients preoperatively staged ≥pT1 and without clinical signs of metastases (cN0 cM0) underwent extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) and radical cystectomy at our department. Of these patients, 23% (193/825) were lymph node (LN) positive in the pathological specimen; 26% (51/193) of this subgroup had strictly unilateral BC. Pathoanatomical mapping was used to retrospectively validate the distribution of LN involvement in these 51 patients. RESULTS A median of 35 LNs were removed per patient (range: 13-80 LNs), with a median of 2 positive LNs (range: 1-14 LNs). 27% (14/51) of patients presented with LN metastases on the contralateral side. No positive LNs were found in the contralateral internal iliac region or the contralateral fossa of Marcille. 10% (5/51) of patients had LN metastases only on the contralateral side without evidence of metastases on the tumor-bearing side. CONCLUSIONS Our findings corroborate the data of a dynamic mapping study showing bilateral lymphatic drainage in almost one third of patients with strictly unilateral BC, but no lymphatic drainage from the lateral bladder wall to the contralateral internal iliac region. If prospective studies confirm these results, the contralateral internal iliac region may be omitted during ePLND in patients with strictly unilateral BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Kiss
- Department of Urology, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Paerli
- Department of Urology, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Beat Roth
- Department of Urology, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
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Kiss B, Burkhard FC, Thalmann GN. Open radical cystectomy: still the gold standard for muscle invasive bladder cancer. World J Urol 2015; 34:33-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00345-015-1729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Wuethrich PY, Vidal A, Burkhard FC. There is a place for radical cystectomy and urinary diversion, including orthotopic bladder substitution, in patients aged 75 and older: Results of a retrospective observational analysis from a high-volume center. Urol Oncol 2015; 34:58.e19-27. [PMID: 26420022 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of cancer increases with age and owing to the changing demographics we are increasingly confronted with treating bladder cancer in old patients. We report our results in patients>75 years of age who underwent open radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion. MATERIAL AND METHODS From January 2000 to March 2013, a consecutive series of 224 old patients with complete follow-up who underwent RC and urinary diversion (ileal orthotopic bladder substitute [OBS], ileal conduit [IC], and ureterocutaneostomy [UCST]) were included in this retrospective single-center study. End points were the 90-day complication rates (Clavien-Dindo classification), 90-day mortality rates, overall and cancer-specific survival rates, and continence rates (OBS). RESULTS Median age was 79.2 years (range: 75.1-91.6); 35 of the 224 patients (17%) received an OBS, 178 of the 224 patients (78%) an IC, and 11 of the 224 patients (5%) an UCST. The 90-day complication rate was 54.3% in the OBS (major: Clavien grade 3-5: 22.9%, minor: Clavien Grade 1-2: 31.4%), 56.7% in the IC (major: 27%, minor: 29.8%), and 63.6% in the UCST group (major: 36.4%, minor: 27.3%); P = 0.001. The 90-day mortality was 0% in the OBS group, 13% in the IC group, and 10% in the UCST group (P = 0.077). The Glasgow prognostic score was an independent predictor of all survival parameters assessed, including 90-day mortality. Median follow-up was 22 months. Overall and cancer-specific survivals were 90 and 98, 47 and 91, and 11 and 12 months for OBS, IC, and UCST, respectively. In OBS patients, daytime continence was considered as dry in 66% and humid in 20% of patients. Nighttime continence was dry in 46% and humid 26% of patients. CONCLUSION With careful patient selection, oncological and functional outcome after RC can be good in old patients. Old age as the sole criterion should not preclude the indication for RC or the option of OBS. In old patients undergoing OBS, satisfactory continence results can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Y Wuethrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern
| | - Alvaro Vidal
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Medicine faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile and Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fiona C Burkhard
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern.
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