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Gaiger A, Lubowitzki S, Krammer K, Zeilinger EL, Acel A, Cenic O, Schrott A, Unseld M, Rassoulian AP, Skrabs C, Valent P, Gisslinger H, Marosi C, Preusser M, Prager G, Kornek G, Pirker R, Steger GG, Bartsch R, Raderer M, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Thalhammer R, Zielinski C, Jäger U. The cancer survival index-A prognostic score integrating psychosocial and biological factors in patients diagnosed with cancer or haematologic malignancies. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3387-3396. [PMID: 35315594 PMCID: PMC9487871 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate whether (1) psychological and social indicators influence survival in patients diagnosed with cancer or haematologic malignancies when important biological aspects are controlled for, (2) psychological, social and biological indicators can be utilised to design one collated index for survival, usable in clinical practice to identify patients at risk of shorter survival and to improve personalised healthcare provision. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, 2263 patients with cancer or haematologic malignancies participated. We analysed 15 biological, psychological and social indicators as risk factors for survival with a Cox proportional hazards model. Indicators significantly associated with survival were combined to compute models for the identification of patient groups with different risks of death. The training sample contained 1122 patients. Validation samples included the remaining 1141 patients, the total sample, as well as groups with different cancer entities. Results Five indicators were found to significantly impact survival: Cancer site (HR: 3.56), metastatic disease (HR: 1.88), symptoms of depression (HR: 1.34), female sex (HR: 0.73) and anaemia (HR: 0.48). Combining these indicators to a model, we developed the Cancer Survival Index, identifying three distinct groups of patients with estimated survival times of 47.2 months, 141 months and 198.2 months (p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis of the influence of depression on survival showed a mediating effect of the following four factors, related to both depression and survival: previous psychiatric conditions, employment status, metastatic disease and haemoglobin levels. Conclusions Psychosocial and biological factors impact survival in various malignancies and can be utilised jointly to compute an index for estimating the survival of each patient individually—the Cancer Survival Index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gaiger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Lubowitzki
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Krammer
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth L Zeilinger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andras Acel
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivera Cenic
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Matthias Unseld
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Palliative Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anahita Paula Rassoulian
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cathrin Skrabs
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Haematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Gisslinger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Prager
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriela Kornek
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Pirker
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Raderer
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Renate Thalhammer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Zielinski
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University Vienna - General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Jäger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Rokitte K, Tendl-Schulz K, Heber U, Wimmer K, Bartsch R, Kacerovsky-Strobl S, Pfeiler G, Steger GG, Singer CF, Hlauschek D, Gnant M, Fitzal F, Bago-Horvath Z. Abstract P1-02-07: Accuracy and predictive value of resection margin assessment by intraoperative frozen section after neoadjuvant therapy: An analysis of the ABCSG 24 and 34 trials. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p1-02-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Data on the accuracy of intraoperative resection margin assessment and its influence on survival after neoadjuvant therapy (NT) are scarce. In the present study, we analyzed the accuracy of resection margin assessment by intraoperative frozen section (IFS) in the prospectively randomized neoadjuvant clinical trials ABCSG 24 and ABCSG 34.164 patients with early breast cancer who received NT within the ABCSG 24 and ABCSG 34 trials between 2005 and 2015, and received IFS resection margin assessment were included in our analysis. Resection margin status by IFS was compared to subsequent FFPE resection margin status, which was considered the gold standard. According to the rate of FFPE-based false-negative and false-positive diagnoses, we determined sensitivity and specificity of IFS. Correlation of IFS diagnosis with definitive FFPE assessment was described by Cohen´s kappa coefficient, the distributional probability was analyzed by McNemar test. The association of patient- and tumor-related factors (menopausal status, residual tumor size, tumor grade, lymph node status, multifocality, DCIS component, lymph vessel invasion, ER/PR/HER2/Ki67 expression and RCB category) with correct IFS diagnosis was analyzed by chi2 test and Fisher´s exact test. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Median age of patients was 55 years. IFS diagnosis for negative margins (no tumor on ink) was correct in 131 (80%) cases, translating into a sensitivity of 0.571 and specificity of 0.877 (false negative rate: 43%, false positive rate 12%). Correlation coefficient for IFS and FFPE diagnosis yielded a Cohen´s kappa value of 0.459. 58 patients (35%) were re-excised during the first operation, in 27 patients (17%), a second surgical intervention was performed. Overall re-excision rates in patients with true positive, false positive and false negative IFS diagnoses were 96%, 93% and 78%, respectively. Rate of second surgical interventions in patients with true positive, false positive and false negative IFS diagnoses were 38%, 7% and 44%, respectively. Correct IFS diagnosis correlated with smaller residual tumor size (p=0.032), lymph node status (p=0.007), HER2 negativity (p=0.049), presence of a DCIS component (p=0.013) and absence of lymph vessel invasion (p=0.007). Despite of re-operation resulting in negative margins, false negative IFS diagnosis was associated with worse recurrence-free survival (p=0.0278). The impact of IFS diagnosis on OS did not reach statistical significance (p=0.0995), although patients with false negative IFS diagnosis showed a shorter OS. IFS assessment of margins after NT displayed high specificity and limited sensitivity in the ABCSG 24 and ABCSG 34 trials. Residual tumor size, lymph node status, HER2 positivity, presence of a DCIS component and lymph vessel invasion correlated with accuracy of IFS. Patients with false negative IFS margin status showed a significantly shorter RFS despite of a second intervention yielding negative margins. Larger studies are needed to confirm the effects of IFS margin assessment on OS. Our data could help to lower rates of subsequent surgical interventions for re-excision after NT and identify patients by the above mentioned tumor characteristics who are at an increased risk of recurrence despite negative margin status.
Citation Format: Karin Rokitte, Kristina Tendl-Schulz, Ulrike Heber, Kerstin Wimmer, Rupert Bartsch, Stephanie Kacerovsky-Strobl, Georg Pfeiler, Günther G. Steger, Christian F. Singer, Dominik Hlauschek, Michael Gnant, Florian Fitzal, Zsuzsanna Bago-Horvath. Accuracy and predictive value of resection margin assessment by intraoperative frozen section after neoadjuvant therapy: An analysis of the ABCSG 24 and 34 trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rokitte
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Ulrike Heber
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Kerstin Wimmer
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Department of Medicine 1, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Günther G. Steger
- Department of Medicine 1, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Michael Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Florian Fitzal
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
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3
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Harbeck N, Rastogi P, Martin M, Tolaney SM, Shao ZM, Fasching PA, Huang CS, Jaliffe GG, Tryakin A, Goetz MP, Rugo HS, Senkus E, Testa L, Andersson M, Tamura K, Del Mastro L, Steger GG, Kreipe H, Hegg R, Sohn J, Guarneri V, Cortés J, Hamilton E, André V, Wei R, Barriga S, Sherwood S, Forrester T, Munoz M, Shahir A, San Antonio B, Nabinger SC, Toi M, Johnston SRD, O'Shaughnessy J. Adjuvant abemaciclib combined with endocrine therapy for high-risk early breast cancer: updated efficacy and Ki-67 analysis from the monarchE study. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1571-1581. [PMID: 34656740 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant abemaciclib combined with endocrine therapy (ET) previously demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement in invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) in hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, node-positive, high-risk early breast cancer at the second interim analysis, however follow-up was limited. Here, we present results of the prespecified primary outcome analysis and an additional follow-up analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS This global, phase III, open-label trial randomized (1 : 1) 5637 patients to adjuvant ET for ≥5 years ± abemaciclib for 2 years. Cohort 1 enrolled patients with ≥4 positive axillary lymph nodes (ALNs), or 1-3 positive ALNs and either grade 3 disease or tumor ≥5 cm. Cohort 2 enrolled patients with 1-3 positive ALNs and centrally determined high Ki-67 index (≥20%). The primary endpoint was IDFS in the intent-to-treat population (cohorts 1 and 2). Secondary endpoints were IDFS in patients with high Ki-67, DRFS, overall survival, and safety. RESULTS At the primary outcome analysis, with 19 months median follow-up time, abemaciclib + ET resulted in a 29% reduction in the risk of developing an IDFS event [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-0.87; nominal P = 0.0009]. At the additional follow-up analysis, with 27 months median follow-up and 90% of patients off treatment, IDFS (HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.59-0.82; nominal P < 0.0001) and DRFS (HR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.57-0.83; nominal P < 0.0001) benefit was maintained. The absolute improvements in 3-year IDFS and DRFS rates were 5.4% and 4.2%, respectively. Whereas Ki-67 index was prognostic, abemaciclib benefit was consistent regardless of Ki-67 index. Safety data were consistent with the known abemaciclib risk profile. CONCLUSION Abemaciclib + ET significantly improved IDFS in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, node-positive, high-risk early breast cancer, with an acceptable safety profile. Ki-67 index was prognostic, but abemaciclib benefit was observed regardless of Ki-67 index. Overall, the robust treatment benefit of abemaciclib extended beyond the 2-year treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Harbeck
- Breast Center, Department of OB & GYN and CCC Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
| | - P Rastogi
- University of Pittsburgh/UPMC, NSABP Foundation, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - M Martin
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Universidad Complutense, CIBERONC, GEICAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Z M Shao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - P A Fasching
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C S Huang
- National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - G G Jaliffe
- Grupo Medico Camino S.C., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Tryakin
- N.N.Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - H S Rugo
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - E Senkus
- Department of Oncology & Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - L Testa
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - K Tamura
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Del Mastro
- IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UO Breast Unit, Genoa, Italy; Università di Genova, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIM), Genoa, Italy
| | - G G Steger
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Kreipe
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Hegg
- Clin. Pesq. e Centro São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Sohn
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - V Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - J Cortés
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Madrid & Barcelona, and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain; Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Hamilton
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, USA
| | - V André
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
| | - R Wei
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
| | - S Barriga
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
| | - S Sherwood
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - M Munoz
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
| | - A Shahir
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | | | - M Toi
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - J O'Shaughnessy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, US Oncology, Dallas, USA
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4
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Nedomansky J, Haslik W, Pluschnig U, Kornauth C, Deutschmann C, Hacker S, Steger GG, Bartsch R, Mader RM. Tissue distribution of epirubicin after severe extravasation in humans. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:203-209. [PMID: 33907881 PMCID: PMC8236455 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As critical parameter after extravasation of cytotoxic vesicants, anthracyclines were determined in removed tissue from patients requiring surgical intervention due to tissue necrosis. We monitored their distribution within the affected lesion to establish a possible dose-toxicity relation. METHODS From six patients scheduled for surgery, removed tissue flaps were systematically analysed by HPLC (epirubicin: 5 subjects; doxorubicin: 1 subject). RESULTS After extravasation, tissue concentrations were highly variable with an individual anthracycline distribution pattern ranging from a few nanograms up to 17 µg per 100 mg tissue, which indicated a substantial difference in tissue sensitivity among patients. The resection borders coincided with the extension of the erythema and guided the surgical intervention after demarcation of the lesion, which occurred usually 2 or 3 weeks after extravasation. At that time, drug was hardly detected at the resection borders. Wound drains were negative for the extravasated drugs while showing a time profile of vascular growth factors and inflammatory cytokines, which was highly similar to routine surgery. In all six patients, surgical debridement with immediate wound closure led to healing within approximately 2 weeks, when therapy was resumed in all patients with reasonable time delay. CONCLUSION Surgical intervention after demarcation of the extravasation lesion allows for almost uninterrupted continuation of treatment independent of the amount of extravasated anthracycline. As even minor amounts of the vesicants may trigger tissue necrosis, preventive measures merit the highest priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Nedomansky
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Haslik
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Pluschnig
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kornauth
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Deutschmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Hacker
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Gampenrieder SP, Pircher M, Fesl C, Rinnerthaler G, Mlineritsch B, Greil-Ressler S, Steger GG, Sagaster V, Fitzal F, Exner R, Devyatko Y, Balic M, Stöger H, Suppan C, Bauernhofer T, Singer CF, Pfeiler G, Seifert M, Helfgott R, Heck D, Rumpold H, Kwasny W, Wieder U, Gnant M, Greil R. Influence of Height on Risk and Outcome of Patients with Early Breast Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 4,925 Patients from 5 Randomized Trials of the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group (ABCSG). Breast Care (Basel) 2021; 17:137-145. [PMID: 35707180 PMCID: PMC9149458 DOI: 10.1159/000516157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Associations between height, cancer risk and worse outcome have been reported for several cancers including breast cancer. We hypothesized that in breast cancer clinical trials, tall women should be overrepresented and might have worse prognosis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data of 4,935 women, included from 1990 to 2010 in 5 trials of the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group (ABCSG), were analyzed retrospectively. The primary objective was to determine differences in height distribution between the ABCSG cohort and the Austrian female population according to a cross-sectional health survey conducted by the Austrian Statistic Center in 2006 and 2007. Secondary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in different height classes and differences of body mass index (BMI) distribution. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Breast cancer patients in the ABCSG cohort were only slightly but statistically significantly smaller compared to unselected Austrian adult females (mean 164.3 vs. 164.8 cm; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and significantly more patients were seen in the lower body height class (50 vs. 46%; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) when using the median as a cutoff. However, after adjustment for age, the difference in body height between the two cohorts was no longer significant (<i>p</i> = 0.089). DFS and OS in the two upper height groups (≥170 cm) compared to the two lowest height groups (<160 cm) was not significantly different (5-year DFS: 84.7 vs. 83.0%; HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.73–1.13, <i>p</i> = 0.379; 5-year OS: 94.8 vs. 91.7%; HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55–1.00, <i>p</i> = 0.051). The BMI of ABCSG patients was significantly higher than in the reference population (mean BMI 24.64 vs. 23.96; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results do not confirm previous findings that greater body height is associated with a higher breast cancer risk and worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Gampenrieder
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Magdalena Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Fesl
- Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Rinnerthaler
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Brigitte Mlineritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sigrun Greil-Ressler
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Sagaster
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Fitzal
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruth Exner
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yelena Devyatko
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marija Balic
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Stöger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Suppan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauernhofer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Seifert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruth Helfgott
- Department of Surgery and Breast Health Center, Ordensklinikum Linz, Sisters of Charity Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Dietmar Heck
- Department of Surgery and Breast Health Center, Ordensklinikum Linz, Sisters of Charity Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Holger Rumpold
- Department of Internal Medicine 2 with Medical Oncology, Hematology, Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Werner Kwasny
- Department of Surgery, Wiener Neustadt Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Wieder
- Department of Surgery, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gnant
- Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
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6
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Matikas A, Foukakis T, Moebus V, Greil R, Bengtsson NO, Steger GG, Untch M, Johansson H, Hellström M, Malmström P, Gnant M, Loibl S, Bergh J. Dose tailoring of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer based on hematologic toxicities: further results from the prospective PANTHER study with focus on obese patients. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:109-114. [PMID: 30357310 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for breast cancer improves relapse-free survival (BCRFS) and overall survival. Differences in terms of efficacy and toxicity could partly be explained by the significant interpatient variability in pharmacokinetics which cannot be captured by dosing according to body surface area. Consequently, tailored dosing was prospectively evaluated in the PANTHER trial. Patients and methods PANTHER is a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase III trial which compared tailored, dose-dense (DD) epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (E/C) and tailored docetaxel (D) (tDD) with standard interval 5-fluorouracil/E/C and D. The primary end point was BCRFS and the primary efficacy analysis has been previously published. In this secondary analysis, we aimed to retrospectively explore the concept of dose tailoring. Our two hypotheses were that BCRFS would not vary depending on the cumulative administered epirubicin dose; and that dose tailoring would lead to appropriate dosing and improved outcomes for obese patients, who are known to have worse prognosis and increased toxicity after DD ACT. Results Patients treated with tDD had similar BCRFS regardless of the cumulative epirubicin dose (P = 0.495), while obese patients in this group [body mass index (BMI) ≥30] had improved BCRFS compared with nonobese ones (BMI <30) [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.89, P = 0.02]. Moreover, tDD was associated with improved BCRFS compared with standard treatment only in obese patients (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.26-0.90, P = 0.022) but not in nonobese ones (HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.60-1.04, P = 0.089). The differences were not formally statistically significant (P for interaction 0.175). There were no differences in terms of toxicity across the epirubicin dose levels or the BMI groups. Conclusions Dose tailoring is a feasible strategy that can potentially improve outcomes in obese patients without increasing toxicity and should be pursued in further clinical studies. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00798070.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Matikas
- Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Breast Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - T Foukakis
- Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Breast Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Moebus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst, Academic Hospital Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R Greil
- IIIrd Medical Department, Paracelcus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - G G Steger
- Medical Oncology, Medical University, Vienna; Gaston H. Glock Research Center, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Untch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Johansson
- Breast Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hellström
- Breast Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Malmström
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Gnant
- Gaston H. Glock Research Center, Medical University, Vienna, Austria; Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - J Bergh
- Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Breast Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Gnant M, Pfeiler G, Steger GG, Egle D, Greil R, Fitzal F, Wette V, Balic M, Haslbauer F, Melbinger-Zeinitzer E, Bjelic-Radisic V, Jakesz R, Marth C, Sevelda P, Mlineritsch B, Exner R, Fesl C, Frantal S, Singer CF. Adjuvant denosumab in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (ABCSG-18): disease-free survival results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:339-351. [PMID: 30795951 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, early-stage breast cancer, treatment with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors is the standard of care, but it increases risk for osteoporosis and fractures. Results from the ABCSG-18 trial showed that use of denosumab as an adjuvant to aromatase inhibitor therapy significantly reduced clinical fractures. Disease-free survival outcomes from ABCSG-18 have not yet been reported. METHODS Postmenopausal patients with early, hormone receptor-positive, non-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast, who had completed their initial adjuvant treatment pathway (surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, or a combination) and were receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors, were enrolled at 58 trial centres in Austria and Sweden into this prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. With permuted block randomisation (block sizes 2 and 4, stratified by previous aromatase inhibitor use, total lumbar spine bone mineral density score at baseline, and type of centre), patients were assigned (1:1) to receive subcutaneous denosumab (60 mg) or matching placebo every 6 months during aromatase inhibitor therapy. The primary endpoint (previously reported) was the time to first clinical fracture after randomisation. The secondary endpoint reported here is disease-free survival (defined as time from randomisation to first evidence of local or distant metastasis, contralateral breast cancer, secondary carcinoma, or death from any cause) in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with EudraCT (number 2005-005275-15) and ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00556374), and is ongoing for long-term follow-up. FINDINGS Between Dec 18, 2006, and July 22, 2013, 3425 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned; 1711 to the denosumab group and 1709 to the placebo group (with five others withdrawing consent). After a median follow-up of 73 months (IQR 58-95), 240 (14·0%) patients in the denosumab and 287 (16·8%) in the placebo group had disease-free survival events. Disease-free survival was significantly improved in the denosumab group versus the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·82, 95% CI 0·69-0·98, Cox p=0·0260; descriptive analysis, without controlling for multiplicity). In the denosumab group, disease-free survival was 89·2% (95% CI 87·6-90·8) at 5 years and 80·6% (78·1-83·1) at 8 years of follow-up, compared with 87·3% (85·7-89·0) at 5 years and 77·5% (74·8-80·2) and 8 years in the placebo group. No independently adjudicated cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw or confirmed atypical femoral fractures were recorded. The total number of adverse events was similar in the denosumab group (1367 [including 521 serious] adverse events) and the placebo group (1339 [515 serious]). The most common serious adverse events were osteoarthritis (62 [3·6%] of 1709 in the denosumab group vs 58 [3·4%] of 1690 in the placebo group), meniscus injury (23 [1·3%] vs 24 [1·4%]), and cataract (16 [0·9%] vs 28 [1·7%]). One (<0·1%) treatment-related death (due to pneumonia, septic kidney failure, and cardiac decompensation) occurred in the denosumab group. INTERPRETATION Denosumab constitutes an effective and safe adjuvant treatment for patients with postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy. FUNDING Amgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gnant
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Egle
- Department of Gynaecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Centre for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Florian Fitzal
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Breast Health Centre, Hospital of Sisters of Mercy Linz, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Marija Balic
- Department of Oncology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Haslbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Voecklabruck, Voecklabruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Raimund Jakesz
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Marth
- Department of Gynaecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Sevelda
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Mlineritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Centre for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ruth Exner
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Fesl
- Department of Statistics, Austrian Breast & Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Frantal
- Department of Statistics, Austrian Breast & Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F Singer
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Minichsdorfer C, Bergen E, Steger GG, Pfeiler G, Frantal S, Greil R, Fohler H, Egle D, Balic M, Fitzal F, Wette V, Exner R, Bartsch RA, Gnant M. Abstract P6-21-02: Withdrawn. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-21-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
Citation Format: Minichsdorfer C, Bergen E, Steger GG, Pfeiler G, Frantal S, Greil R, Fohler H, Egle D, Balic M, Fitzal F, Wette V, Exner R, Bartsch RA, Gnant M. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-21-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Minichsdorfer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Bergen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - GG Steger
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Pfeiler
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Frantal
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Greil
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Fohler
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Egle
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Balic
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Fitzal
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - V Wette
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Exner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - RA Bartsch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
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9
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Bell R, Brown J, Parmar M, Toi M, Suter T, Steger GG, Pivot X, Mackey J, Jackisch C, Dent R, Hall P, Xu N, Morales L, Provencher L, Hegg R, Vanlemmens L, Kirsch A, Schneeweiss A, Masuda N, Overkamp F, Cameron D. Final efficacy and updated safety results of the randomized phase III BEATRICE trial evaluating adjuvant bevacizumab-containing therapy in triple-negative early breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:754-760. [PMID: 27993816 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this analysis was to assess the long-term impact of adding bevacizumab to adjuvant chemotherapy for early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods Patients eligible for the open-label randomized phase III BEATRICE trial had centrally confirmed triple-negative operable primary invasive breast cancer (pT1a-pT3). Investigators selected anthracycline- and/or taxane-based chemotherapy for each patient. After definitive surgery, patients were randomized 1:1 to receive ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy alone or with 1 year of bevacizumab (5 mg/kg/week equivalent). Stratification factors were nodal status, selected chemotherapy, hormone receptor status, and type of surgery. The primary end point was invasive disease-free survival (IDFS; previously reported). Secondary outcome measures included overall survival (OS) and safety. Results After 56 months' median follow-up, 293 of 2591 randomized patients had died. There was no statistically significant difference in OS between treatment arms in either the total population (hazard ratio 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-1.17; P = 0.52) or pre-specified subgroups. The 5-year OS rate was 88% (95% CI 86-90%) in both treatment arms. Updated IDFS results were consistent with the primary IDFS analysis. Five-year IDFS rates were 77% (95% CI 75-79%) with chemotherapy alone versus 80% (95% CI 77-82%) with bevacizumab. From 18 months after first study dose to study end, new grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 4.6% and 4.5% of patients in the two arms, respectively. Conclusion Final OS results showed no significant benefit from bevacizumab therapy for early TNBC. Late-onset toxicities were rare in both groups. Five-year OS and IDFS rates suggest that the prognosis for patients with TNBC is better than previously thought. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00528567.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bell
- Faculty of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - J Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds
| | - M Parmar
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, UK
| | - M Toi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Suter
- Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - X Pivot
- Medical Oncology Service, University Hospital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France
| | - J Mackey
- Medical Oncology, Cross Center Institute, Edmonton, Canada
| | - C Jackisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Breast Cancer Center, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany
| | - R Dent
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore, and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Hall
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - N Xu
- Product Development Oncology, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Morales
- Product Development Oncology, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Provencher
- Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, CHU de Québec-Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Ville de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - R Hegg
- Oncology Department, Perola Byington Hospital/FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Vanlemmens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - A Kirsch
- Onkologischer Schwerpunktam Oskar-Helene-Heim, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Schneeweiss
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Breast Oncology NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - D Cameron
- Edinburgh University Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh and Cancer Services, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
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10
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Pavo N, Raderer M, Goliasch G, Wurm R, Strunk G, Cho A, Novak JF, Gisslinger H, Steger GG, Hejna M, Köstler W, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Marosi C, Kornek G, Auerbach L, Schneider ST, Parschalk B, Scheithauer W, Pirker R, Kiesewetter B, Pacher R, Zielinski C, Hülsmann M. Subclinical involvement of the liver is associated with prognosis in treatment naïve cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81250-81260. [PMID: 29113384 PMCID: PMC5655279 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Routinely tested liver biomarkers as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE), albumin and bilirubin are altered in distinct malignancies and hepatic metastases. This study aimed to investigate whether all liver parameters have the ability to predict long-term mortality in treatment naïve cancer patients but without a malignant hepatic involvement. Methods We prospectively enrolled 555 consecutive patients with primary diagnosis of cancer without prior anticancer therapy. BChE, albumin, AST, ALT, GGT and bilirubin as well as the inflammatory makers C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined. All-cause mortality was defined as primary endpoint. Results During a median follow-up of 25 (IQR16-31) months 186 (34%) patients died. All liver parameters were significantly associated with all-cause mortality (p < 0.001 for all). However, for patients without a malignant primary or secondary hepatic involvement (82%) only the functional parameters BChE and albumin remained significantly associated with the primary endpoint (crude HR per 1-IQR increase 0.61, 95%CI:0.49-0.77; p < 0.001 for BChE and 0.58, 95%CI:0.47-0.70; p < 0.001 for albumin). This e ect was persistent after multivariate adjustment (adj.HR per 1-IQR increase 0.65, 95%CI:0.50-0.86; p = 0.002 for BChE and 0.63, 95%CI:0.50-0.79; p < 0.001 for albumin). BChE and albumin correlated inversely with CRP (r = -0.21, p < 0.001 and r = -0.36, p < 0.001), SAA (r = -0.19, p < 0.001 and r = -0.33, p < 0.001) and IL-6 (r = -0.13, p = 0.009 and r = -0.17, p = 0.001). Conclusions Decreased serum BChE and albumin levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality in treatment-naïve cancer patients without a manifest malignant hepatic involvement irrespective of tumor entity or stage. This association may reflect progressing systemic inflammation and metabolic derangement with subclinical involvement of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Pavo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Raderer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphael Wurm
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anna Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes F Novak
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Gisslinger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hejna
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Köstler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriela Kornek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leo Auerbach
- Department of Gynaecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Thorben Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Parschalk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Scheithauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Pirker
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Kiesewetter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Pacher
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Zielinski
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Singer CF, Tan YY, Fitzal F, Steger GG, Egle D, Reiner A, Rudas M, Gruber C, Bartsch R, Fridrik M, Seifert M, Exner R, Balic M, Bago-Horvath Z, Filipits M, Gnant M. Abstract P1-09-10: Pathological complete response to neoadjuvant trastuzumab is dependent on HER2/CEP17 ratio in HER2-amplified early breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-09-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate whether pathological complete response to neoadjuvant trastuzumab is dependent on the level of HER2 amplification.
Patients and Methods 114 women with HER2-overexpressing early breast cancer who had received neo-adjuvant trastuzumab in the prospective ABCSG-24 and ABCSG-32 trials, and for whom the HER2/CEP17 ratio was available, were included in this analysis. The ratio was correlated with tumor response as measured by the three most commonly used definitions of pathological complete response: ypT0 ypN0, ypT0/is ypN0, and ypT0/is.
Results In trastuzumab-treated patients, ypT0 pN0 was achieved in 69.0% of patients with a HER2/CEP17 ratio of >6, but only in 30.4% of tumors with a ratio of ≤6 (p=0.001, Chi Square test). When pCR was defined by ypT0/is pN0 or by ypTis, 75.9% and 82.8% of tumors with a high ratio had a complete remission, while only 39.1%, and 38.3% with a low ratio achieved a pCR (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). Logistic regression revealed that tumors with a higher HER2/CEP17 ratio had a significantly higher probability to achieve ypT0 ypN0 (OR: 5.08, 95% CI 1.86-13.90; p=0.002) than tumors with a low ratio, while none of the other clinicopathological parameters was predictive of pCR. The association between high HER2 amplification and pCR was almost exclusively confined to HR positive tumors (62.5% vs. 24.0%, 75.0% vs. 28.0%, and 87.5% vs. 28.0%, for ypT0 ypN0, ypT0/is ypN0, and ypT0/is; p=0.014, p=0.005, and p<0.001), and was largely absent in HR negative tumors.
Conclusion A HER2/CEP17 ratio of >6 in the pre-therapeutic tumor biopsy is associated with a significantly higher pCR rate particularly in HER2 / HR co-positive tumors, and can be used to predict outcome before neoadjuvant trastuzumab is initiated.
Citation Format: Singer CF, Tan YY, Fitzal F, Steger GG, Egle D, Reiner A, Rudas M, Gruber C, Bartsch R, Fridrik M, Seifert M, Exner R, Balic M, Bago-Horvath Z, Filipits M, Gnant M, For the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group. Pathological complete response to neoadjuvant trastuzumab is dependent on HER2/CEP17 ratio in HER2-amplified early breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-09-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- CF Singer
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - YY Tan
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Fitzal
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - GG Steger
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Egle
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Reiner
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rudas
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Gruber
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Bartsch
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Fridrik
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Seifert
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Exner
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Balic
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Z Bago-Horvath
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Filipits
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Cancer Comprehensive Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Clinical Pathology, Barmherzige Schwestern Hospital, Linz, Austria; Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Kiesewetter B, Raderer M, Steger GG, Bartsch R, Pirker R, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Prager G, Krainer M, Preusser M, Schmidinger M, Zielinski CC. The European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale in daily practice: a single institution, real-life experience at the Medical University of Vienna. ESMO Open 2016; 1:e000066. [PMID: 27843624 PMCID: PMC5070236 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2016-000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (MCBS) has been designed to stratify the therapeutic benefit of a certain drug registered for the treatment of cancer. However, though internally validated, this tool has not yet been evaluated for its feasibility in the daily practice of a major center of medical oncology. METHODS The practicability of the MCBS for advanced oncological diseases at the Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, which constitutes one of the largest oncological centres in Europe, was analysed in a three-step approach. First, retrospectively collected data were analysed to gain an overview of treatments in regular use. Second, data were scored by using the MCBS. Third, the ensuing results were evaluated within corresponding programme directorships to assess feasibility in a real-life clinical context. RESULTS In the majority of tumour entities, the MCBS results reported earlier are consistent with daily clinical practice. Thus, in metastatic breast cancer or advanced lung cancer, there was a high level of clinical benefit for first-line treatment standards, and these results reflected well real-life experience. However, analyses based on the first version of the MCBS are limited if it comes to salvage treatment in tumour entities in which optimal sequencing of potential treatment options is of major importance, as in metastatic colorectal or renal cell cancer. In contrast to this, it is remarkable that certain novel therapies such as nivolumab assessed for heavily pretreated advanced renal cancer reached the highest level of clinical benefit due to prolongation in survival and a favourable toxicity profile. The MCBS clearly underlines the potential benefit of these compounds. CONCLUSIONS The MCBS is an excellent tool for daily clinical practice of a tertiary referral centre. It supports treatment decisions based on the clinical benefit to be expected from a novel approach such as immunotherapy in as yet untested indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kiesewetter
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Markus Raderer
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Robert Pirker
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Gerald Prager
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael Krainer
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Manuela Schmidinger
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
| | - Christoph C Zielinski
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I , Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna-General Hospital , Vienna , Austria
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13
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Bergen ES, Tichy C, Berghoff AS, Rudas M, Dubsky P, Bago-Horvath Z, Mader RM, Exner R, Gnant M, Zielinski CC, Steger GG, Preusser M, Bartsch R. Prognostic impact of breast cancer subtypes in elderly patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 157:91-9. [PMID: 27107570 PMCID: PMC4866984 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to analyse the impact of breast cancer (BC) subtypes on the clinical course of disease with special emphasis on the occurrence of brain metastases (BM) and outcome in an elderly BC population. A total number of 706 patients ≥65 years receiving treatment for BC from 2007 to 2011 were identified from a BC database. 62 patients diagnosed with DCIS and 73 patients with incomplete datasets were excluded, leaving 571 patients for this analysis. Patient characteristics, biological tumour subtypes, and clinical outcome including overall survival (OS) were obtained by retrospective chart review. 380/571 (66, 5 %) patients aged 65–74 years were grouped among the young-old, 182/571 (31.9 %) patients aged 75–84 years among the old–old, and 29/571 (5.1 %) patients aged ≥85 years among the oldest-old. 392/571 (68.8 %) patients presented with luminal BC, 119/571 (20.8 %) with HER2-positive, and 59/571 (10.3 %) with triple-negative BC (TNBC). At 38 months median follow-up, 115/571 (20.1 %) patients presented with distant recurrence. A higher recurrence rate was observed in the HER2-positive subtype (43/119 (36.1 %)), as compared to TNBC (15/59 (25.4 %)) and luminal BC (57/392 (14.5 %); p < 0.001). BM were detected at a significantly higher rate in HER2-positive BC patients (9/119 (7.6 %)), as compared to TNBC (2/59 (3.4 %)) and luminal BC patients (6/392 (1.5 %); p = 0.003). Diagnosis of metastatic disease (HR 7.7; 95 % CI 5.2–11.4; p < 0.001) as well as development of BM (HR 3.5; 95 % CI 1.9–6.4; p < 0.001) had a significantly negative impact on OS in a time-dependent covariate cox regression model. In contrast to younger BC patients, outcome in this large cohort of elderly patients suggests that HER2-positive disease—not TNBC—featured the most aggressive clinical course with the highest rates of metastatic spread and BM. In-depth analysis regarding a potentially distinct biology of TNBC in elderly is therefore warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Bergen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. .,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - C Tichy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A S Berghoff
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rudas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Dubsky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Z Bago-Horvath
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R M Mader
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Exner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C C Zielinski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G G Steger
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Bartsch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria. .,Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Bergen ES, Tichy C, Berghoff AS, Rudas M, Dubsky P, Bago-Horvath Z, Mader RM, Gnant M, Dieckmann K, Zielinski CC, Steger GG, Preusser M, Bartsch R. Abstract P2-08-17: Prognostic impact of breast cancer subtypes in elderly patients. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-08-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We aimed to analyze the impact of BC subtypes on the clinical course with special emphasis on the occurrence of brain metastases (BM) and outcome in an elderly breast cancer population.
Patients and Methods
571 patients ≥65 years receiving treatment for BC from 2007-2011 were identified from a BC database. BC subtypes and clinical characteristics including overall survival (OS) were obtained by chart review. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi Square test, the log rank test and time depended covariate cox regression model as appropriate.
Results
Three-hundred-eighty/571 (63%) were grouped among the young-old (65-74 years), 182/571 (31.9%) among the old-old (75-84 years), and 29/571 (5,1%) among the oldest-old (≥85 years). 392/571 (68.8%) patients presented with luminal BC, 119/571 (20.8%) with HER2 positive and 59/571 (10.3%) with triple negative BC. After a median follow up of 38 months (range 0-204), 115/571 (20.1%) patients presented with metastatic recurrence. Highest recurrence rate was observed in HER2 positive BC patients (43/119 (36.1%)), followed by triple negative (15/59 (25.4%) and luminal BC (57/392 (14.5%); p<0.001; Chi Square test). BM occurred significantly more frequently in HER2 positive BC patients (9/119 (7.6%) compared to triple negative (2/59 (3.4%) and luminal BC patients (6/392 (1.5%); p=0.003; Chi Square test). Occurrence of metastases (HR 7.7; 95% CI 5.2-11.4; p<0.001) as well as development of BM (HR 3.5; 95% CI 1.9-6.4; p<0.001) had a significant impact on OS prognosis as entered in a time depended covariate cox regression model.
Conclusions
In contrast to younger BC patients, HER2 positive BC subtype and not triple negative BC subtype was linked to the most aggressive clinical course including the development of metastatic disease and BM in our elderly cohort.
Citation Format: Bergen ES, Tichy C, Berghoff AS, Rudas M, Dubsky P, Bago-Horvath Z, Mader RM, Gnant M, Dieckmann K, Zielinski CC, Steger GG, Preusser M, Bartsch R. Prognostic impact of breast cancer subtypes in elderly patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- ES Bergen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - C Tichy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - AS Berghoff
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rudas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - P Dubsky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Z Bago-Horvath
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - RM Mader
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - K Dieckmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - CC Zielinski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - GG Steger
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - R Bartsch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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15
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Pavo N, Raderer M, Hülsmann M, Neuhold S, Adlbrecht C, Strunk G, Goliasch G, Gisslinger H, Steger GG, Hejna M, Köstler W, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Marosi C, Kornek G, Auerbach L, Schneider S, Parschalk B, Scheithauer W, Pirker R, Drach J, Zielinski C, Pacher R. Cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with cancer and their association with all-cause mortality. Heart 2015; 101:1874-80. [PMID: 26416836 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-307848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with cancer may display elevated levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and high-sensitive troponin T (hsTnT) without clinical manifestation of cardiac disease. This study aimed to evaluate circulating cardiovascular hormones and hsTnT and their association with mortality in cancer. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 555 consecutive patients with a primary diagnosis of cancer and without prior cardiotoxic anticancer therapy. N-terminal pro BNP (NT-proBNP), mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM), C-terminal pro-endothelin-1 (CT-proET-1), copeptin, hsTnT, proinflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C reactive protein (CRP), and cytokines serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin and fibronectin were measured. All-cause mortality was defined as primary endpoint. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 25 (IQR 16-31) months, 186 (34%) patients died. All cardiovascular hormones and hsTnT levels rose with tumour stage progression. All markers were significant predictors of mortality with HRs per IQR of 1.54 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.90, p<0.001) for NT-proBNP, 1.40 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.79, p<0.01) for MR-proANP, 1.31 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.44, p<0.001) for MR-proADM, 1.21 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.30, p<0.001) for CT-proET-1, 1.22 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.42, p=0.014) for copeptin and 1.21 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.32, p<0.001) for hsTnT, independent of age, gender, tumour entity and stage, and presence of cardiac comorbidities. NT-proBNP, MR-proANP, MR-proADM and hsTnT displayed a significant correlation with IL-6 and CRP. CONCLUSIONS Circulating levels of cardiovascular peptides like NT-proBNP, MR-proANP, MR-proADM, CT-pro-ET-1 and hsTnT were elevated in an unselected population of patients with cancer prior to induction of any cardiotoxic anticancer therapy. The aforementioned markers and copeptin were strongly related to all-cause mortality, suggesting the presence of subclinical functional and morphological myocardial damage directly linked to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Pavo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Raderer
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie Neuhold
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Adlbrecht
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Georg Goliasch
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Gisslinger
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hejna
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Köstler
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriela Kornek
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Leo Auerbach
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Parschalk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Scheithauer
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Pirker
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Drach
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Zielinski
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Pacher
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Gnant M, Pfeiler G, Dubsky PC, Hubalek M, Greil R, Jakesz R, Wette V, Balic M, Haslbauer F, Melbinger E, Bjelic-Radisic V, Artner-Matuschek S, Fitzal F, Marth C, Sevelda P, Mlineritsch B, Steger GG, Manfreda D, Exner R, Egle D, Bergh J, Kainberger F, Talbot S, Warner D, Fesl C, Singer CF. Adjuvant denosumab in breast cancer (ABCSG-18): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2015; 386:433-43. [PMID: 26040499 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant endocrine therapy compromises bone health in patients with breast cancer, causing osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures. Antiresorptive treatments such as bisphosphonates prevent and counteract these side-effects. In this trial, we aimed to investigate the effects of the anti-RANK ligand antibody denosumab in postmenopausal, aromatase inhibitor-treated patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. METHODS In this prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, postmenopausal patients with early hormone receptor-positive breast cancer receiving treatment with aromatase inhibitors were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either denosumab 60 mg or placebo administered subcutaneously every 6 months in 58 trial centres in Austria and Sweden. Patients were assigned by an interactive voice response system. The randomisation schedule used a randomly permuted block design with block sizes 2 and 4, stratified by type of hospital regarding Hologic device for DXA scans, previous aromatase inhibitor use, and baseline bone mineral density. Patients, treating physicians, investigators, data managers, and all study personnel were masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was time from randomisation to first clinical fracture, analysed by intention to treat. As an additional sensitivity analysis, we also analysed the primary endpoint on the per-protocol population. Patients were treated until the prespecified number of 247 first clinical fractures was reached. This trial is ongoing (patients are in follow-up) and is registered with the European Clinical Trials Database, number 2005-005275-15, and with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00556374. FINDINGS Between Dec 18, 2006, and July 22, 2013, 3425 eligible patients were enrolled into the trial, of whom 3420 were randomly assigned to receive denosumab 60 mg (n=1711) or placebo (n=1709) subcutaneously every 6 months. Compared with the placebo group, patients in the denosumab group had a significantly delayed time to first clinical fracture (hazard ratio [HR] 0·50 [95% CI 0·39-0·65], p<0·0001). The overall lower number of fractures in the denosumab group (92) than in the placebo group (176) was similar in all patient subgroups, including in patients with a bone mineral density T-score of -1 or higher at baseline (n=1872, HR 0·44 [95% CI 0·31-0·64], p<0·0001) and in those with a bone mineral density T-score of less than -1 already at baseline (n=1548, HR 0·57 [95% CI 0·40-0·82], p=0·002). The patient incidence of adverse events in the safety analysis set (all patients who received at least one dose of study drug) did not differ between the denosumab group (1366 events, 80%) and the placebo group (1334 events, 79%), nor did the numbers of serious adverse events (521 vs 511 [30% in each group]). The main adverse events were arthralgia and other aromatase-inhibitor related symptoms; no additional toxicity from the study drug was reported. Despite proactive adjudication of every potential osteonecrosis of the jaw by an international expert panel, no cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw were reported. 93 patients (3% of the full analysis set) died during the study, of which one death (in the denosumab group) was thought to be related to the study drug. INTERPRETATION Adjuvant denosumab 60 mg twice per year reduces the risk of clinical fractures in postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitors, and can be administered without added toxicity. Since a main side-effect of adjuvant breast cancer treatment can be substantially reduced by the addition of denosumab, this treatment should be considered for clinical practice. FUNDING Amgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gnant
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter C Dubsky
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hubalek
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Raimund Jakesz
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktor Wette
- Doctor's Office Wette, Breast Center, St Veit an der Glan, Austria
| | - Marija Balic
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Florian Fitzal
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Breast Health Center, Hospital of Sisters of Mercy Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Marth
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Sevelda
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Mlineritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ruth Exner
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Egle
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Department of Oncology/Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Oncology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franz Kainberger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Christian Fesl
- Department of Statistics, Austrian Breast & Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F Singer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Haslik W, Pluschnig U, Steger GG, Zielinski CC, Schrögendorfer KF, Nedomansky J, Bartsch R, Mader RM. Indocyanine green video angiography predicts outcome of extravasation injuries. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103649. [PMID: 25144707 PMCID: PMC4140719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extravasation of cytotoxic drugs is a serious complication of systemic cancer treatment. Still, a reliable method for early assessment of tissue damage and outcome prediction is missing. Here, we demonstrate that the evaluation of blood flow by indocyanine green (ICG) angiography in the extravasation area predicts for the need of surgical intervention. METHODS Twenty-nine patients were evaluated by ICG angiography after extravasation of vesicant or highly irritant cytotoxic drugs administered by peripheral i.v. infusion. Tissue perfusion as assessed by this standardized method was correlated with clinical outcome. RESULTS The perfusion index at the site of extravasation differed significantly between patients with reversible tissue damage and thus healing under conservative management (N = 22) versus those who needed surgical intervention due to the development of necrosis (N = 7; P = 0.0001). Furthermore, in patients benefiting from conservative management, the perfusion index was significantly higher in the central extravasation area denoting hyperemia, when compared with the peripheral area (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this patient cohort, ICG angiography as indicator of local perfusion within the extravasation area was of prognostic value for tissue damage. ICG angiography could thus be used for the early identification of patients at risk for irreversible tissue damage after extravasation of cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Haslik
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Pluschnig
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph C Zielinski
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K F Schrögendorfer
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakob Nedomansky
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Steger GG, Greil R, Lang A, Rudas M, Fitzal F, Mlineritsch B, Hartmann BL, Bartsch R, Melbinger E, Hubalek M, Stoeger H, Dubsky P, Ressler S, Petzer AL, Singer CF, Muss C, Jakesz R, Gampenrieder SP, Zielinski CC, Fesl C, Gnant M. Epirubicin and docetaxel with or without capecitabine as neoadjuvant treatment for early breast cancer: final results of a randomized phase III study (ABCSG-24). Ann Oncol 2013; 25:366-71. [PMID: 24347519 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This randomized phase III trial compared pathologic complete response (pCR) rates of early breast cancer (EBC) following neoadjuvant epirubicin-docetaxel (ED)±capecitabine (C), and evaluated the addition of trastuzumab in HER2-positive tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with invasive breast cancer (except T4d) were randomly assigned to receive six 3-weekly cycles of ED (both 75 mg/m2)±C (1000 mg/m2, twice daily, days 1-14). Patients with HER2-positive disease were further randomized to receive trastuzumab (8 mg/kg, then 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks) or not. Primary end point: pCR rate at the time of surgery. RESULTS Five hundred thirty-six patients were randomized to ED (n=266) or EDC (n=270); 93 patients were further randomized to trastuzumab (n=44) or not (n=49). pCR rate was significantly increased with EDC (23.0% versus 15.4% ED, P=0.027), and nonsignificantly further increased with trastuzumab (38.6% EDC versus 26.5% ED, P=0.212). Rates of axillary node involvement at surgery and breast conservation were improved with EDC versus ED, but not significantly; the addition of trastuzumab had no further impact. Hormone receptor status, tumor size, grade, and C (all P≤0.035) were independent prognostic factors for pCR. Trastuzumab added to ED±C significantly increased the number of serious adverse events (35 versus 18; P=0.020), mainly due to infusion-related reactions. CONCLUSION These findings show that the integration of C into a neoadjuvant taxane-/anthracycline-based regimen is a feasible, safe, and effective treatment option, with incorporation of trastuzumab in HER2-positive disease. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT00309556, www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna
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19
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Foedermayr M, Sebesta M, Rudas M, Berghoff AS, Promberger R, Preusser M, Dubsky P, Fitzal F, Gnant M, Steger GG, Weltermann A, Zielinski CC, Zach O, Bartsch R. Abstract P1-08-40: BRCA-1 promotor methylation and p53 mutation in triple-negative breast cancer patients refrectory to taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-08-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) without pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is associated with high risk of disease recurrence. In ABCSG trials 14 and 24, concomitant epirubicin plus docetaxel (+/- capecitabine) was used as NAC regimen; patients (pts) without pCR routinely received another 4-8 cycles of adjuvant CMF.
Tumours harbouring BRCA-1 germline mutations are apparently less responsive to taxane-based chemotherapy, while sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents is retained. In sporadic TNBC, BRCA-1 promotor methylation is frequently observed; this may also result in an impaired activity of genetic repair mechanisms. Therefore, we investigated the effect of adjuvant CMF as salvage therapy in pts with or without BRCA-1 promotor methylation who did not achieve pCR to taxane-based (cyclophosphamide-free) NAC. Moreover, the predictive role of TP53 mutations was investigated in these tumours.
Methods
All pts with TNBC refractory to taxane-based NAC who received adjuvant CMF were included.
DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples with the Qiagen DNA FFPE Tissue Kit® and purified. For determining BRCA1 promoter methylation status, DNA was bisulfite-treated; the TaqMan® assay was used in order to perform a quantitative methylation-specific PCR. DNA quantity was normalized using Actin-b.
For the investigation of TP53 mutations in exons 4-9, purified DNA was PCR amplified, sequenced by Sanger sequencing and results were analyzed with SeqScape® software version 2.7. Mutations were validated using the IARC p53 database.
Results
Twenty-four pts, median age 47 years, were available for this analysis. In 10/24 pts (41.7%), a BRCA-1 promotor methylation was detected; TP53 mutations were observed in 16/24 pts (66.7%). At a median follow-up of 27.5 months, 2/10 pts (20%) with BRCA-1 promotor metyhlation had a disease-free survival (DFS) event, as compared to 9/14 (64.3%) in the non-methylated group (p = 0.0472; Fisher's exact test). Kaplan Meier estimation of disease-free survival (DFS) in the non-methylated group was 16 months (95% CI 0.0-41.73) and was not reached in the methylated group (n.s.). TP53 mutation was neither associated with increased risk of disease recurrence nor with DFS. No correlation was observed between BRCA-1 promotor methylation and TP53 mutation; still, all methylated samples were exclusively affected be missense and nonsense mutations.
Conclusions
Adjuvant CMF is of limited activity in TNBC refractory to taxane-based NAC. Still, in breast cancer harbouring BRCA-1 promotor methylation, a significant decrease of DFS events was observed. TP53 mutation status on the other hand, was not associated with outcome; while no correlation was found between BRCA-1 promotor methylation and TP53 mutation status, we only observed missense and non-sense mutations in methylated samples.
In conclusion, tumours harbouring BRCA-1 promotor methylation are apparently sensitive to DNA damage caused by cyclophosphamide. Further clinical validation of this concept is warranted.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-08-40.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Foedermayr
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Sebesta
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rudas
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - AS Berghoff
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Promberger
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Dubsky
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Fitzal
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - GG Steger
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Weltermann
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - CC Zielinski
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Zach
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Bartsch
- Academic Teaching Hospital Elisabethinen Linz, Linz, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Fiegl M, Steger GG, Studnicka M, Eisterer W, Jaeger C, Willenbacher W. Pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in patients at different levels of risk for chemotherapy-associated febrile neutropenia: an observational study. Curr Med Res Opin 2013; 29:505-15. [PMID: 23444969 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2013.781018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines for using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients receiving chemotherapies with 10-20% (intermediate) risk for febrile neutropenia (FN) recommend additional assessment of patient-related FN risk factors. OBJECTIVE The current study evaluated adherence to guideline recommendations and analysed modalities of pegfilgrastim use. METHODS Adult cancer patients scheduled to receive a chemotherapy regimen assessed by the investigators as intermediate FN risk and who received pegfilgrastim were prospectively enrolled in this observational study from 2007-2010. Risk factors at study entry, treatment modalities and FN assessment were documented by investigators, whereas guideline adherence was centrally checked in a post-hoc analysis, according to guideline categorizations. RESULTS Thirty-seven centres enrolled 335 evaluable patients with solid and hematologic neoplasias. Although physicians initially rated the FN risk of all chemotherapies as intermediate, after central re-assessment this applied only to 63.9% of regimens; 21.2% were reassessed as low risk and 14.9% as high risk. Pegfilgrastim was used as primary prophylaxis in 80.3% of all patients. The most frequent FN risk factors considered by physicians when deciding to use pegfilgrastim were female gender, advanced disease, age ≥ 65 years, and anaemia. FN incidence was higher in patients with ≥ 4 FN risk factors than those with <4 risk factors (10% vs. 4.3%; p = 0.055) and in patients with severe comorbidity than those without (13.6% vs. 4.5%; p = 0.014). Overall FN rate was 5.7%. LIMITATIONS Due to the observational design of the study, findings are descriptive in nature. Post-hoc assessment of chemotherapy FN risk was determined by author's opinion in some cases. CONCLUSIONS Overall, there was good adherence of Austrian physicians to guideline recommendations; however, there are chemotherapy regimens and clinical settings in which FN risk assignment is unclear in the literature. FN incidence with pegfilgrastim prophylaxis was similar to that reported in other observational and randomized studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fiegl
- University Hospital, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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21
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Lang I, Brodowicz T, Ryvo L, Kahan Z, Greil R, Beslija S, Stemmer SM, Kaufman B, Zvirbule Z, Steger GG, Melichar B, Pienkowski T, Sirbu D, Messinger D, Zielinski C. Bevacizumab plus paclitaxel versus bevacizumab plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: interim efficacy results of the randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 TURANDOT trial. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14:125-33. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(12)70566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Berghoff AS, Bago-Horvath Z, Ilhan-Mutlu A, Magerle M, Dieckmann K, Marosi C, Birner P, Widhalm G, Steger GG, Zielinski CC, Bartsch R, Preusser M. Brain-only metastatic breast cancer is a distinct clinical entity characterised by favourable median overall survival time and a high rate of long-term survivors. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1454-8. [PMID: 23047551 PMCID: PMC3493775 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical course of breast cancer patients with brain metastases (BM) as only metastatic site (brain-only metastatic breast cancer (BO-MBC)) has been insufficiently explored. METHODS All breast cancer patients with BM treated at our institution between 1990 and 2011 were identified. For each patient, full information on follow-up and administered therapies was mandatory for inclusion. Oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and Her2 status were determined according to standard protocols. Statistical analyses including computation of survival probabilities was performed. RESULTS In total, 222 female patients (26% luminal; 47% Her2; 27% triple negative) with BM of MBC were included in this study. In all, 38/222 (17%) BM patients did not develop extracranial metastases (ECM) during their disease course and were classified as BO-MBC. Brain-only-MBC was not associated with breast cancer subtype or number of BM. The median overall survival of BO-MBC patients was 11 months (range 0-69) and was significantly longer than in patients with BM and ECM (6 months, range 0-104; P=0.007). In all, 7/38 (18%) BO-MBC patients had long-term survival of >3 years after diagnosis of BM and long-term survival was significantly more common in BO-MBC patients as compared with BM patients with ECM (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Brain-only metastatic behaviour occurs in around 17% of breast cancer with BM and is not associated with breast cancer subtype. Exploitation of all multimodal treatment options is warranted in BO-MBC patients, as these patients have favourable prognosis and long-term survival is not uncommon.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Berghoff
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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23
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Schmidt M, Rüttinger D, Sebastian M, Hanusch CA, Marschner N, Baeuerle PA, Wolf A, Göppel G, Oruzio D, Schlimok G, Steger GG, Wolf C, Eiermann W, Lang A, Schuler M. Phase IB study of the EpCAM antibody adecatumumab combined with docetaxel in patients with EpCAM-positive relapsed or refractory advanced-stage breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2306-2313. [PMID: 22357251 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted therapy options in HER2-negative breast cancer are limited. This open-label, multicenter phase IB dose-escalation trial was conducted to determine safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of a combination of docetaxel (Taxotere) and increasing doses of adecatumumab, a human IgG1 antibody targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), in EpCAM-positive relapsed or primary refractory advanced-stage breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients pretreated with up to four prior chemotherapy regimens received increasing adecatumumab doses either every 3 weeks (q3w) or weekly (qw) combined with docetaxel (100 mg/m(2) q3w). Primary end points were safety and tolerability. Antitumor activity was evaluated according to RECIST. Clinical benefit was defined as complete or partial response or stable disease for ≥24 weeks. RESULTS Thirty-one evaluable patients were treated. Most adverse events were mild to moderate in severity. Neutropenia, leukocytopenia, lymphopenia, and diarrhea (dose-limiting) were the most frequent toxic effects. Maximum tolerated doses of adecatumumab given in combination with docetaxel were 550 mg/m(2) q3w and 360 mg/m(2) qw. Clinical benefit was observed in 44% of patients treated with q3w adecatumumab and docetaxel, increasing to 63% in patients with high EpCAM-expressing tumors. CONCLUSION Combination therapy of adecatumumab and docetaxel is safe, feasible, and potentially active in heavily pretreated advanced-stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schmidt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - D Rüttinger
- Micromet, Inc., Bethesda, USA; Micromet AG, Munich
| | - M Sebastian
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz
| | | | - N Marschner
- Practice for Oncology and Hematology, Freiburg
| | - P A Baeuerle
- Micromet, Inc., Bethesda, USA; Micromet AG, Munich
| | - A Wolf
- Micromet, Inc., Bethesda, USA; Micromet AG, Munich
| | - G Göppel
- Micromet, Inc., Bethesda, USA; Micromet AG, Munich
| | - D Oruzio
- Hospital Augsburg, II. Medical Center, Augsburg, Germany
| | - G Schlimok
- Hospital Augsburg, II. Medical Center, Augsburg, Germany
| | - G G Steger
- Medical University Vienna, Department of Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Wolf
- Cooperative Breast Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - W Eiermann
- Gynecological Hospital Red Cross, Munich
| | - A Lang
- State Hospital Feldkirch at State Hospital Rankweil, Rankweil, Austria
| | - M Schuler
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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24
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Martin M, Bell R, Bourgeois H, Brufsky A, Diel I, Eniu A, Fallowfield L, Fujiwara Y, Jassem J, Paterson AHG, Ritchie D, Steger GG, Stopeck A, Vogel C, Fan M, Jiang Q, Chung K, Dansey R, Braun A. Bone-related complications and quality of life in advanced breast cancer: results from a randomized phase III trial of denosumab versus zoledronic acid. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:4841-9. [PMID: 22893628 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Denosumab was shown to be superior to zoledronic acid in preventing skeletal related events (SRE) in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases in a randomized, double-blind phase III study. We evaluated further results from this study related to skeletal complications and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive subcutaneous denosumab 120 mg (n = 1,026) and intravenous placebo, or intravenous zoledronic acid 4 mg (n = 1,020) and subcutaneous placebo every 4 weeks. Analyses reported here include the proportion of patients with one or multiple on-study SREs, time to first radiation to bone, time to first SRE or hypercalcemia of malignancy, and change in HRQoL (functional assessment of cancer therapy-general). RESULTS Fewer patients receiving denosumab than zoledronic acid had an on-study SRE (31% vs. 36%, P = 0.006). The incidence of first radiation to bone was 12% (n = 123) with denosumab versus 16% (n = 162) with zoledronic acid. Denosumab prolonged the time to first radiation to bone by 26% versus zoledronic acid (HR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-0.94, P = 0.012) and prolonged the time to first SRE or hypercalcemia of malignancy by 18% (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.95; P = 0.007). Ten percent more patients had a clinically meaningful improvement in HRQoL with denosumab relative to zoledronic acid, regardless of baseline pain levels. CONCLUSIONS Denosumab was superior to zoledronic acid in reducing bone-related complications of metastatic breast cancer and maintained HRQoL, providing an efficacious, well-tolerated treatment option for patients with bone metastases from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martin
- Complutense University and Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Servicio De Oncologia Medica, Madrid, Spain.
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25
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Lang I, Inbar MJ, Kahán Z, Greil R, Beslija S, Stemmer SM, Kaufman B, Zvirbule Z, Steger GG, Messinger D, Brodowicz T, Zielinski C. Safety results from a phase III study (TURANDOT trial by CECOG) of first-line bevacizumab in combination with capecitabine or paclitaxel for HER-2-negative locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2012; 48:3140-9. [PMID: 22640829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report safety data from a randomised, phase III study (CECOG/BC.1.3.005) evaluating first-line bevacizumab plus paclitaxel or capecitabine for locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients aged ≥18 years with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative breast adenocarcinoma were randomised to Arm A: bevacizumab 10 mg/kg days 1 and 15; paclitaxel 90 mg/m(2) days 1, 8, and 15, every 4 weeks; or Arm B: bevacizumab 15 mg/kg day 1; capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2) b.i.d., days 1-14, every 3 weeks, until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or consent withdrawal. RESULTS A post hoc interim safety analysis included 561 patients (Arm A: 284, Arm B: 277). The regimens demonstrated similar frequencies of all-grade and serious adverse events (SAEs), but different safety profiles. Treatment-related events occurred in 85.2% (Arm A) and 78.0% (Arm B) of patients. Fatigue was most common in Arm A (30.6% versus 23.5% Arm B), and hand-foot syndrome (HFS) most common in Arm B (49.5% versus 2.5% Arm A). Diarrhoea (Arm A: 0.4%, Arm B: 1.4%) and pulmonary embolism (Arm A: 0.7%, Arm B: 1.1%) were the most frequently reported SAEs. CONCLUSION These findings are in-line with safety data for bevacizumab plus paclitaxel or capecitabine, reported in previous phase III trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lang
- National Institute of Oncology, Oncology Department, Budapest, Hungary.
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26
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Berghoff A, Bago-Horvath Z, De Vries C, Dubsky P, Pluschnig U, Rudas M, Rottenfusser A, Knauer M, Eiter H, Fitzal F, Dieckmann K, Mader RM, Gnant M, Zielinski CC, Steger GG, Preusser M, Bartsch R. Brain metastases free survival differs between breast cancer subtypes. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:440-6. [PMID: 22233926 PMCID: PMC3273356 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases (BM) are frequently diagnosed in patients with HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer; in addition, an increasing incidence was reported for triple-negative tumours. We aimed to compare brain metastases free survival (BMFS) of breast cancer subtypes in patients treated between 1996 until 2010. METHODS Brain metastases free survival was measured as the interval from diagnosis of extracranial breast cancer metastases until diagnosis of BM. HER-2 status was analysed by immunohistochemistry and reanalysed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation if a score of 2+ was gained. Oestrogen-receptor (ER) and progesterone-receptor (PgR) status was analysed by immunohistochemistry. Brain metastases free survival curves were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS Data of 213 patients (46 luminal/124 HER-2/43 triple-negative subtype) with BM from breast cancer were available for the analysis. Brain metastases free survival differed significantly between breast cancer subtypes. Median BMFS in triple-negative tumours was 14 months (95% CI: 11.34-16.66) compared with 18 months (95% CI: 14.46-21.54) in HER-2-positive tumours (P=0.001) and 34 months (95% CI: 23.71-44.29) in luminal tumours (P=0.001), respectively. In HER-2-positive patients, co-positivity for ER and HER-2 prolonged BMFS (26 vs 15 m; P=0.033); in luminal tumours, co-expression of ER and PgR was not significantly associated with BMFS. Brain metastases free survival in patients with lung metastases was significantly shorter (17 vs 21 months; P=0.014). CONCLUSION Brain metastases free survival in triple-negative breast cancer, as well as in HER-2-positive/ER-negative, is significantly shorter compared with HER-2/ER co-positive or luminal tumours, mirroring the aggressiveness of these breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Berghoff
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Z Bago-Horvath
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C De Vries
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Dubsky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Pluschnig
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rudas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Rottenfusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Knauer
- Department of Surgery, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - H Eiter
- Department of Radiotherapy, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - F Fitzal
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Dieckmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R M Mader
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C C Zielinski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - G G Steger
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - R Bartsch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Dubsky PC, Jakesz R, Mlineritsch B, Pöstlberger S, Samonigg H, Kwasny W, Tausch C, Stöger H, Haider K, Fitzal F, Singer CF, Stierer M, Sevelda P, Luschin-Ebengreuth G, Taucher S, Rudas M, Bartsch R, Steger GG, Greil R, Filipcic L, Gnant M. Tamoxifen and anastrozole as a sequencing strategy: a randomized controlled trial in postmenopausal patients with endocrine-responsive early breast cancer from the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:722-8. [PMID: 22271481 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.36.8993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Anastrozole (ANA) alone delivers significant disease-free survival benefits over tamoxifen (TAM) monotherapy in postmenopausal women with early estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The ABCSG-8 (Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group 8) study is a large phase III clinical trial addressing the sequence strategy containing ANA in comparison with 5 years of TAM in a low- to intermediate-risk group of postmenopausal patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Endocrine receptor-positive patients with G1 or G2 tumors were eligible. After surgery, patients were randomly assigned to 5 years of TAM or 2 years of TAM followed by 3 years of ANA. Adjuvant chemotherapy and G3 and T4 tumors were exclusion criteria. Intention-to-treat and censored analyses of on-treatment recurrence-free survival (RFS) were performed, and exploratory survival end points and toxicity were investigated. RESULTS Information from 3,714 patients, including 17,563 woman-years, with a median of 60 months of follow-up was available for this analysis. Median age was 63.8 years, 75% were node negative, and 75% had T1 tumors. Sequencing of ANA after identical 2-year treatment with TAM in both arms did not result in a statistically significant improvement of RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.01; P = .06). Exploratory analyses of distant relapse-free survival indicated a 22% improvement (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.00). On-treatment adverse events and serious adverse events were consistent with known toxicity profiles of ANA and TAM treatment. CONCLUSION Despite a low overall rate of recurrence in a population with breast cancer at limited risk of relapse, the a priori sequence strategy of 2 years of TAM followed by 3 years of ANA led to small outcome and toxicity benefits.
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Pfeiler G, Dubsky P, Steger GG, von Minckwitz G, Thürlimann B, Untch M. Highlights from the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2011. Breast Care (Basel) 2012. [DOI: 10.1159/000336747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Bartsch R, Berghoff A, Bago-Horvath Z, DeVries C, Dubsky P, Pluschnig U, Rudas M, Rottenfusser A, Fitzal F, Dieckmann K, Mader RM, Gnant M, Zielinski CC, Steger GG. P4-17-05: Brain Metastasis Free Survival (BMFS) Differs between Breast Cancer Subtypes. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-17-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases (BM) are frequently diagnosed in patients (pts) with Her2-positive metastatic breast cancer (BC); a rising incidence was also reported in triple-negative disease. We hypothesized that pts with triple-negative or Her2-positive tumours had shorter BMFS as compared to other BC subtypes.
Therefore, we aimed to compare BMFS in pts with Her2-positive, estrogen receptor (ER) positive and triple-negative BC treated at the Medical University of Vienna from 1999–2009. In Her2-positive tumours, we further investigated the influence of ER co-expression on BMFS, as Her2-positive / ER-positive tumours were reported to express less aggressive biological properties.
METHODS BMFS was defined as primary study endpoint and measured as the interval from diagnosis of metastatic BC until diagnosis of BM. A total of 168 pts were identified from a breast cancer database. 34 pts were excluded from this analysis as brain was the first site of disease progression; hence complete datasets from 134 pts were available (69 Her2-positive; 33 triple-negative; 32 ER-positive).
Her2 status was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reanalyzed by FISH if a score of 2+ was gained. ER was analyzed by IHC; ER negative tumours were defined by a cut-off value of <10% positively stained tumour cells. BMFS was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier product limit method and compared with the log-rank test; factors significantly associated with BMFS in the univariate analysis were included into a Cox proportional hazard model.
RESULTS Median BMFS in triple-negative pts was 14 months (m) (95% CI 12.17−15.83), as compared to 25 m (95% CI 13.37−36.62) in Her2-positive (p=0.001) and 35 m (95% CI 19.79−50.22) in ER-positive pts (p<0.001), respectively.
In Her2-positive pts, prior trastuzumab treatment for metastatic disease prolonged median BMFS (29 vs. 11 m; p<0.001); BMFS was further improved by trastuzumab in multiple lines (p=0.045) and co-positivity for ER and Her2 (30 vs. 15 m; p<0.001).
ER-expression (HR 2.03; 95%CI 1.22−3.36; p<0.05) and prior trastuzumab (HR 2.72; 95%CI 1.20−6.17; p=0.017) remained independent predictors of longer BMFS in the Cox regression model. In ER-positive, triple-negative as well as Her2-positive pts, no correlation was found between BMFS and factors such as grading, histological subtype, stage IV disease at primary diagnosis, disease-free interval <24 months from primary treatment to diagnosis of metastatic disease, presence of visceral metastases, presence of lung metastases, and prior capecitabine exposure.
CONCLUSIONS BMFS in triple-negative disease is significantly shorter as compared to Her2-positive or ER-positive tumours, mirroring the aggressiveness of this breast cancer subtype. Probably due to improved systemic disease control, trastuzumab significantly prolonged BMFS in Her2-positive pts. Longer BMFS in ER/Her2 co-positive disease reflects a less aggressive subtype of Her2-positive breast cancer which is less likely to benefit from strategies of BM screening or prevention.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-17-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bartsch
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Berghoff
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - C DeVries
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Dubsky
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Pluschnig
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rudas
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - F Fitzal
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Dieckmann
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - RM Mader
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Gnant
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - GG Steger
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Beslija S, Brodowicz T, Greil R, Inbar MJ, Kahán Z, Kaufman B, Lang I, Steger GG, Stemmer SM, Zielinski C, Zvirbule Z. OT2-01-02: First-Line Bevacizumab in Combination with Capecitabine or Paclitaxel for HER2−Negative Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer (LR/MBC): A Randomized Phase III Trial. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-ot2-01-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A number of phase III studies have shown significant progression-free survival (PFS) benefits with the combination of bevacizumab (Bev) and either first-line capecitabine (X) or taxane therapy in LR/MBC. The ongoing open-label, randomized, phase III CECOG-sponsored TURANDOT study (CECOG/BC.1.3.005) is investigating the efficacy and safety of first-line Bev plus paclitaxel (P) versus Bev plus X in this setting.
Materials and methods: Eligible patients (pts) are aged ≥18 years with HER2−negative, chemonaïve LR/MBC, an ECOG performance status of 0–2 and a life expectancy >12 weeks. Prior chemotherapy and concomitant hormonal therapy for LR/MBC are not permitted, but prior (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy is allowed if completed ≥6 months before randomization or ≥12 months if taxane based. Pts are randomized to receive Bev 10mg/kg days 1, 15 plus P 90mg/m2 days 1, 8, 15, q28d (Arm A) or Bev 15mg/kg day 1 plus X 1,000mg/m2 bid days 1–14, q21d (Arm B) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. The primary objective is to demonstrate non-inferiority in overall survival (OS) with Bev plus P versus Bev plus X (upper limit ≤1.33 for the two-sided confidence interval for hazard ratio [HR]). Secondary objectives are: comparison of overall response rate (RECIST criteria); PFS; time to response; duration of response; time to treatment failure; safety (CTCAE version 3); and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-30). The recruitment target is 560 pts. A sample size of 490 pts in the per-protocol population will be required to provide 80% power to reject the null hypothesis of inferiority at a one-sided significance level of 0.025, assuming a 24-month median OS with Bev plus P and an alternative hypothesis of HR=1. Data cut-off for adverse event reports was 12 Apr 2010. Interim and final efficacy analyses will be triggered after 175 and 389 events, respectively.
Results: Recruitment to the study began in Sep 2008 and was completed in Aug 2010, with 561 pts randomized. Follow-up is ongoing.
Conclusions: TURANDOT is the first study to examine the efficacy and safety of Bev plus P versus Bev plus X as first-line treatment for pts with LR/MBC.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-01-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beslija
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - T Brodowicz
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - R Greil
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - MJ Inbar
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Z Kahán
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - B Kaufman
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - I Lang
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - GG Steger
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - SM Stemmer
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - C Zielinski
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Z Zvirbule
- 1The CECOG TURANDOT Trialists. Institute of Oncology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
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Fiegl M, Mlineritsch B, Hubalek M, Bartsch R, Pluschnig U, Steger GG. Single-agent pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer: results of an Austrian observational trial. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:373. [PMID: 21864402 PMCID: PMC3178544 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In advanced breast cancer, multiple sequential lines of treatments are frequently applied. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) has a favourable toxicity profile and can be used in first or higher lines of therapy. PLD has demonstrated response activity even after prior anthracycline exposure. METHODS 129 consecutive patients with advanced breast cancer, of whom the majority had been massively pretreated, received PLD as monotherapy within licensed approval, for which efficacy and toxicities were documented. RESULTS In a routine therapy setting, PLD was administered in a slightly reduced dose (median, 40 mg/m2 per cycle). Response rate (complete and partial remission) was 26%, and stable disease was observed in 19% of patients. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 5.8 months and 14.2 months, respectively. There was no difference in terms of response and PFS, no matter if patients had already received anthracycline treatment. Interestingly, PFS proved similar regardless whether PLD was administered as palliative therapy in first, second or third line. Furthermore, PFS and OS were similar in patients with response or stable disease, underscoring the view that disease stabilization is associated with a profound clinical benefit. The most common side effects reported were palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (17%), exanthema (14%) and mucositis (12%). CONCLUSIONS Efficacy and toxicity data in these "real life" patients permit the conclusion that PLD is a valuable option in the treatment of advanced breast cancer even in heavily pretreated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fiegl
- Department of Internal Medicine V/Hematology-Oncoloy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Mlineritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Private Medical University of Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Hubalek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rupert Bartsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Pluschnig
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, Austria
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Greil R, Borštnar S, Petráková K, Marcou Y, Pikiel J, Wojtukiewicz MZ, Koza I, Steger GG, Linn M, Das Gupta A, Cwiertka K. Combination therapy of lapatinib and Capecitabine for ErbB2-positive metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer: results from the Lapatinib Expanded Access Program (LEAP) in Central and Eastern Europe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:233-8. [PMID: 21577028 DOI: 10.1159/000327710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lapatinib Expanded Access Program (LEAP) was initiated in 45 countries to provide lapatinib in combination with capecitabine to patients with ErbB2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer already treated with anthracyclines, taxanes and trastuzumab. We report the results from 12 Central and Eastern European countries. PATIENTS AND METHODS By 30 September 2008, 293 patients were enrolled. Patients were monitored for serious adverse events (SAEs) and for any decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Overall survival and progression-free survival were also assessed. RESULTS Mean treatment duration was 30 weeks; 107 patients (36.5%) discontinued therapy during the study, mainly due to disease progression (n = 86; 29.4%). A total of 78 SAEs were reported from 47 patients; the most frequently reported was diarrhoea (13 reports). Treatment had a relatively small effect on LVEF. Decreases were minor (0 to < 20%) in 61% of patients at the end of the study. During the study, 3 patients had decreased LVEF meeting the definition of an SAE; these events all resolved. Median overall and median progression-free survival were 37.6 and 21.1 weeks, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Heavily pretreated patients with ErbB2-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer may benefit from treatment with lapatinib and capecitabine, with a low risk of cardiac toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Greil
- IIIrd Medical Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Private Medical University Hospital, Salzburg, Austria.
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Mader RM, Wieser M, Berger W, Kalipciyan M, Hackl M, Steger GG, Grillari J. Relevance of microRNA modulation in chemoresistant colon cancer in vitro. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 49:67-68. [PMID: 21176732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R M Mader
- Dept. of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Oncology, Währinger Gürtel 18 – 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Mader RM, Kalipciyan M, Ohana P, Hochberg A, Steger GG. Suicide activation in a 5-fluorouracil resistant colon cancer model in vitro. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 49:69-70. [PMID: 21176733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R M Mader
- Dept.of medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Oncology, Währinger Gürtel 18 – 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Ratzenboeck IE, Bartl B, Forstner B, Kalipciyan M, Steger GG, Mader RM. Cross-resistance of 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon carcinoma in vitro. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 49:81-82. [PMID: 21176738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I E Ratzenboeck
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a high unmet therapeutic need with a generally poor prognosis. Initial data from two randomised, phase III trials of capecitabine (C) in early breast cancer (EBC), ABCSG-24 and FinXX, are promising. ABCSG-24 demonstrated significant improvements in pathological complete response (pCR) rate with the incorporation of C into a neoadjuvant regimen of epirubicin (E) plus docetaxel (D) (24.3% vs 16.0%; p=0.02) [Steger G, et al. ECCO-ESMO 2009; Abst 4BA]. FinXX revealed significant improvements in 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) with the addition of C to a sequential taxane-anthracycline adjuvant regimen (92.5% vs 88.9% control; hazard ratio [HR] 0.66, 95% CI 0.47-0.94; p=0.020) [Joensuu H, et al. Lancet Oncol 2009]. We review subgroup analyses from these two studies in patients with TNBC to assess the potential benefit of C in this patient subgroup.
Methods: Patients with operable breast cancer except T4d, ± nodal involvement were randomised in the ABCSG-24 study to 6x ED every 21 days (dl: E 75mg/m2 and D 75mg/m2, d2: pegfilgrastim 6mg) ± C (1,000mg/m2 b.i.d., d1-14). Patients with medium-to high risk EBC were randomised in the FinXX study to 3x D≥3x CycEF (D 80mg/m2 d1→cyclophosphamide [Cyc] 600mg/m2 d1, E 75mg/m2 d1, F 600mg/m2 d1, every 21 days) or 3x CD≥3x CycEC (C 900mg/m2 bid d1-15 + D 60mg/m2 d1→Cyc 600mg/m2 d1, E 75mg/m2 d1, C 900mg/m2 b.i.d., d1-15, every 21 days).
Results: Patients with TNBC in the ABCSG-24 study (n=122) had a significantly greater chance of achieving a pCR than non-TNBC (n=348) (odds ratio [OR] 5.29, 95% CI: 3.22-8.68, P<0.0001), irrespective of the regimen. In the total study population, the highest pCR rates were achieved in patients with TNBC receiving EDC therapy (47.5% vs 31.2% with ED; p=NS). Patients with TNBC in the FinXX study (n=202) had significantly shorter RFS than patients without TNBC (n=1,294) (81.7% vs 92.2%, HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.29-0.63; P<0.001). Within the TNBC subgroup, 3-year RFS was significantly longer in the C-containing arm (n=93) than in the control arm (n=109) (87.7% vs 76.6%, respectively; HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.90; p=0.024). RFS did not differ significantly in the C arm among patients with TNBC or non-TNBC (HR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.38-1.41; p=0.357). Conclusions: Initial data for C in EBC are promising with the ABCSG-24 and FinXX randomised, phase III trials demonstrating significant improvements in pCR and RFS, respectively, with the addition of C to standard (neo)adjuvant regimens. Exploratory subgroup analyses from these studies show additional benefit of C therapy in patients with TNBC, who are typically recognised as a group with poorer prognosis. An ongoing randomised, phase III study conducted by the CIBOMA collaborative group is prospectively investigating C maintenance therapy after adjuvant anthracycline/taxane in patients with TNBC. This is the first study of C to specifically target patients with early TNBC and interim safety data are expected in 2010.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD01-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- GG Steger
- Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Hospital Sao Lucas da PUCRS, Oncology, Porto Alegre, Brazil; US Oncology, Dallas, TX; Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Barrios
- Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Hospital Sao Lucas da PUCRS, Oncology, Porto Alegre, Brazil; US Oncology, Dallas, TX; Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - J O'Shaughnessy
- Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Hospital Sao Lucas da PUCRS, Oncology, Porto Alegre, Brazil; US Oncology, Dallas, TX; Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Martin
- Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Hospital Sao Lucas da PUCRS, Oncology, Porto Alegre, Brazil; US Oncology, Dallas, TX; Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Gnant
- Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Hospital Sao Lucas da PUCRS, Oncology, Porto Alegre, Brazil; US Oncology, Dallas, TX; Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Tentes IK, Schmidt WM, Krupitza G, Steger GG, Mikulits W, Kortsaris A, Mader RM. Long-term persistence of acquired resistance to 5-fluorouracil in the colon cancer cell line SW620. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:3172-81. [PMID: 20849845 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Revised: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Treatment resistance to antineoplastic drugs represents a major clinical problem. Here, we investigated the long-term stability of acquired resistance to 5-fluorouracil (FU) in an in vitro colon cancer model, using four sub-clones characterised by increasing FU-resistance derived from the cell line SW620. The resistance phenotype was preserved after FU withdrawal for 15weeks (~100 cell divisions) independent of the established level of drug resistance and of epigenetic silencing. Remarkably, resistant clones tolerated serum deprivation, adopted a CD133(+) CD44(-) phenotype, and further exhibited loss of membrane-bound E-cadherin together with predominant nuclear β-catenin localisation. Thus, we provide evidence for a long-term memory of acquired drug resistance, driven by multiple cellular strategies (epithelial-mesenchymal transition and selective propagation of CD133(+) cells). These resistance phenomena, in turn, accentuate the malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Tentes
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 6th km Alexandroupolis-Komotini (Dragana), 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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Robertson JFR, Steger GG, Neven P, Barni S, Gieseking F, Nolè F, Pritchard KI, O'Malley FP, Simon SD, Kaufman B, Petruzelka L. Activity of fulvestrant in HER2-overexpressing advanced breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2009; 21:1246-1253. [PMID: 19875750 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdp447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression increases the aggressiveness of breast cancer cells resulting in poorer prognosis. Patients with HER2-positive disease are less responsive to endocrine therapies. Trastuzumab monotherapy results in objective responses in only approximately 15% of patients. Fulvestrant retains activity in cells overexpressing HER2 that are resistant to other endocrine treatments. This retrospective study evaluated response to fulvestrant treatment among HER2-positive patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical experience data from 10 treatment centres were pooled. Postmenopausal patients with predominantly hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive disease were included. Clinical benefit (CB) was defined as the proportion of patients achieving a response to treatment (partial or complete) or stable disease lasting >/=6 months. RESULTS Data for 102 patients were analysed. Fulvestrant resulted in an overall CB rate of 42% (43/101) in HER2-positive patients and 40% (25/63) in patients with visceral disease. Median duration of treatment was 14.5 months (range 6-44 months). Fulvestrant showed activity up to the fourth line of endocrine therapy and up to the seventh line of overall therapy. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that fulvestrant may be a suitable treatment option in extensively pre-treated patients with HER2-positive, hormone receptor-positive ABC. Further exploration of its use in this patient population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F R Robertson
- Professorial Unit of Surgery, Division of Breast Surgery, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
| | - G G Steger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Neven
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Barni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Treviglio Hospital, Treviglio, Italy
| | - F Gieseking
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Nolè
- Department of Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - K I Pritchard
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - F P O'Malley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S D Simon
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Albert Einstein Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Kaufman
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - L Petruzelka
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Baselga J, Zambetti M, Llombart-Cussac A, Manikhas G, Kubista E, Steger GG, Makhson A, Tjulandin S, Ludwig H, Verrill M, Ciruelos E, Egyhazi S, Xu LA, Zerba KE, Lee H, Clark E, Galbraith S. Phase II genomics study of ixabepilone as neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 27:526-34. [PMID: 19075286 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.14.2646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ixabepilone as neoadjuvant therapy for invasive breast cancer not amenable to breast conservation surgery. Gene expression studies were undertaken using genes that were identified as potentially associated with sensitivity/resistance to ixabepilone in prior preclinical investigations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with invasive breast cancer >or= 3 cm were eligible. Ixabepilone 40 mg/m(2) was administered as a 3-hour intravenous infusion on day 1 of a 21-day cycle for four or fewer cycles. RESULTS One hundred sixty-one patients were treated. The overall complete pathologic response (pCR) rate was 18% in breast and 29% in estrogen receptor (ER) -negative patients. Gene expression data were available for 134 patients. ER gene expression (ER1) was inversely related to pCR in breast and had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 37% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 92%. A 10-gene penalized logistic regression (PLR) model developed from 200 genes predictive of ixabepilone sensitivity in preclinical experiments included ER and tau and had higher PPV (45%) and comparable NPV (89%) to ER1. Grade 3 to 4 adverse events (AEs) were reported for 32% of patients. Except for neutropenia and leukopenia, all grade 3 to 4 AEs occurred in <or= 3% of patients. Reversible peripheral neuropathy was experienced by 3% of patients. CONCLUSION ER, microtubule-associated protein tau, and a 10-gene PLR model that included ER were identified as predictors of ixabepilone-induced pCR. RESULTS indicate an inverse relation between ER expression levels and ixabepilone sensitivity. Neoadjuvant ixabepilone demonstrated promising activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with invasive breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Baselga
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
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40
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Schippinger W, Samonigg H, Schaberl-Moser R, Greil R, Thödtmann R, Tschmelitsch J, Jagoditsch M, Steger GG, Jakesz R, Herbst F, Hofbauer F, Rabl H, Wohlmuth P, Gnant M, Thaler J. A prospective randomised phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with stage II colon cancer. Br J Cancer 2007; 97:1021-7. [PMID: 17895886 PMCID: PMC2360441 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this trial was to investigate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in stage II colon cancer. Patients with stage II colon cancer were randomised to either adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU/LV (100 mg m−2 LV+450 mg m−2 5-FU weekly, weeks 1–6, in 8 weeks cycles × 7) or surveillance only. Five hundred patients were evaluable for analyses. After a median follow-up of 95.6 months, 55 of 252 patients (21.8%) have died in the 5-FU/LV arm and 58 of 248 patients (23.4%) in the surveillance arm. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the two treatment arms (hazard ratios, HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.61–1.27, P=0.49). The relative risk for tumour relapse was higher for patients on the surveillance arm than for those on the 5-FU/LV arm; however, this difference was not statistically significant (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.45–1.06, P=0.09). Consequently, disease-free survival (DFS) was not significantly different between the two trial arms. In conclusion, results of this trial demonstrate a trend to a lower risk for relapse in patients treated with adjuvant 5-FU/LV for stage II colon cancer. However, in this study with limited power to detect small differences between the study arms, adjuvant chemotherapy failed to significantly improve DFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Schippinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Schmidt WM, Sedivy R, Forstner B, Steger GG, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Mader RM. Progressive up-regulation of genes encoding DNA methyltransferases in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Mol Carcinog 2007; 46:766-72. [PMID: 17538945 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing is a prominent feature of cancer. Here, we investigated the expression of DNA demethylase and three DNA methyltransferases during colorectal tumorigenesis comparing the genes encoding DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1), 3A, and 3B (DNMT3A and DNMT3B) with methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (MBD2), recently described as the only active DNA demethylase. Total RNA isolated from normal colonic mucosa (n = 24), benign adenomas (n = 18), and malignant colorectal carcinomas (n = 32) was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR with subsequent quantification by capillary gel electrophoresis. In contrast to MBD2, expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3A increased in parallel to the degree of dysplasia, with significant overexpression in the malignant lesion when compared with mucosa or with benign lesions (DNMT1). Pairwise comparisons between tumors and matched, adjacent healthy mucosa tissue (n = 13) revealed that expression of all three genes encoding DNA methyltransferases increased by two- to three-fold. Our data suggest a relevant role of the DNA methyltransferases during colorectal tumorigenesis. This increase is not counterbalanced by enhanced expression of the demethylating component MBD2. As a consequence, epigenetic regulation in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence may be driven by increased methylating activity rather than suppressed demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang M Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel, Vienna, Austria
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Schönau KK, Steger GG, Mader RM. Angiogenic effect of naive and 5-fluorouracil resistant colon carcinoma on endothelial cells in vitro. Cancer Lett 2007; 257:73-8. [PMID: 17686575 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Revised: 07/02/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumour associated neovascularisation is a complex interplay between inhibitory and stimulatory angiogenic factors. Despite intense research in this field, little is known about the interaction between endothelial and chemoresistant cancer cells. For this purpose, we assessed the impact of cellular supernatants of the primary adenocarcinoma cell line CCL228, its lymph node metastasis CCL227, and four subclones resistant to different levels of 5-fluorouracil on the growth of microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells. The growth of endothelial cells in vitro was affected to a moderate degree by supernatants from colon cancer cell lines. This effect was independent of the degree of chemoresistance. The stimulation of endothelial cells by the growth factors VEGF, bFGF, and PD-ECGF in the presence of supernatants from cancer cell lines was generally higher in macrovascular endothelial cells when compared with microvascular cells. The secretion of VEGF from colon cancer cells in vitro was inversely related to the degree of chemoresistance with the low chemoresistance phenotype producing VEGF 8.7-fold higher than the high resistance subclone. With a maximal secretion of 1500 pg VEGF/ml cell supernatant, the concentration necessary to directly stimulate the growth of endothelial cells was not achieved. In conclusion, chemoresistance affects the interaction between colon cancer cells and endothelial cells dependant on the endothelial cell type. Although the level of chemoresistance has a profound impact on the production of VEGF by cancer cells with low, intermediate or high resistance, it does not differentially affect growth stimulation or inhibition of endothelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina K Schönau
- Department of Medicine I and Cancer Center, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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43
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Steger GG, Galid A, Gnant M, Mlineritsch B, Lang A, Tausch C, Rudas M, Greil R, Wenzel C, Singer CF, Haid A, Pöstlberger S, Samonigg H, Luschin-Ebengreuth G, Kwasny W, Klug E, Kubista E, Menzel C, Jakesz R. Pathologic Complete Response With Six Compared With Three Cycles of Neoadjuvant Epirubicin Plus Docetaxel and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Operable Breast Cancer: Results of ABCSG-14. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:2012-8. [PMID: 17513805 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.09.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy for operable breast cancer downstages tumors initially not suitable for breast-conserving surgery. A pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be a surrogate for longer overall survival, but this beneficial effect remains to be established. This phase III trial evaluated whether doubling the number of cycles of neoadjuvant treatment increased the pCR rate. Patients and Methods Patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer (T1-4a-c, N±, M0; stage I to III) were eligible and randomly assigned to either three or six cycles of epirubicin 75 mg/m2 and docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on days 3 through 10 (ED+G), every 21 days. The primary end point was the pCR rate of the breast tumor. Secondary end points were pathologic nodal status after surgery and the rate of breast-conserving surgery. Results A total of 292 patients were accrued, and 288 patients were assessable for efficacy and safety. Groups were well balanced for known prognostic factors. Six cycles of ED+G, compared with three cycles, resulted in a significantly higher pCR rate (18.6% v 7.7%, respectively; P = .0045), a higher percentage of patients with negative axillary status (56.6% v 42.8%, respectively; P = .02), and a trend towards more breast-conserving surgery (75.9% v 66.9%, respectively; P = .10). Rates of adverse events were similar, and no patients died on treatment. Conclusion Doubling the number of neoadjuvant ED+G cycles from three to six results in higher rates of pCR and negative axillary nodal status with no excess of adverse effects. Thus, six cycles of ED+G should be the standard neoadjuvant treatment for operable breast cancer if this combination is chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther G Steger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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45
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Karthaus M, Kretzschmar A, Kröning H, Biakhov M, Irwin D, Marschner N, Slabber C, Fountzilas G, Garin A, Abecasis NGF, Baronius W, Steger GG, Südhoff T, Giorgetti C, Reichardt P. Dalteparin for prevention of catheter-related complications in cancer patients with central venous catheters: final results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. Ann Oncol 2005; 17:289-96. [PMID: 16317012 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdj059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy experience thromboembolic complications associated with the use of long-term indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs). This prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study evaluated whether prophylactic treatment with a low molecular weight heparin could prevent clinically relevant catheter-related thrombosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy for at least 12 weeks (n=439) were randomly assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive either dalteparin (5000 IU) or placebo, by subcutaneous injection, once daily for 16 weeks. Patients underwent upper extremity evaluation with either venography or ultrasound at the time of a suspected catheter-related complication (CRC) or upon completion of study medication. The primary end point, as determined by a blinded adjudication committee, was the occurrence of a CRC, defined as the first occurrence of any one of the following: clinically relevant catheter-related thrombosis that was symptomatic or that required anticoagulant or fibrinolytic therapy; catheter-related clinically relevant pulmonary embolism; or catheter obstruction requiring catheter removal. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the frequency of CRCs between the dalteparin arm (3.7%) and the placebo arm (3.4%; P=0.88), corresponding to a relative risk of 1.0883 (95% confidence interval 0.37-3.19). No difference in the time to CRC was observed between the two arms (P=0.83). There was no significant difference between the dalteparin and placebo groups in terms of major bleeding (1 versus 0) or overall safety. CONCLUSIONS Dalteparin prophylaxis did not reduce the frequency of thromboembolic complications after CVC implantation in cancer patients. Dalteparin was demonstrated to be safe over 16 weeks of treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karthaus
- Evang. Johannes-Krankenhaus, Medizinische Klinik, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Steger GG, Bartsch R, Wenzel C, Pluschnig U, Hussian D, Sevelda U, Locker GJ, Gnant MF, Jakesz R, Zielinski CC. Fulvestrant (‘Faslodex’) in pre-treated patients with advanced breast cancer: A single-centre experience. Eur J Cancer 2005; 41:2655-61. [PMID: 16230005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Revised: 07/01/2005] [Accepted: 07/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fulvestrant ('Faslodex') is a new oestrogen receptor (ER) antagonist with no agonist effects. This report describes the experience of a single centre including 126 postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) in a fulvestrant Compassionate Use Programme. All patients had previously received endocrine treatment for early or ABC. Patients received fulvestrant as first- (n=7), second- (n=51), third- (n=50) or fourth-line endocrine therapy (n=18) for ABC (median duration of treatment: 4 months [range 3-27(+) months], follow-up: 13 months [range 1-38(+) months]). Twelve patients had partial responses (PR) and 43 patients experienced stable disease (SD) > or = 6 months (objective response rate: 9.5%; clinical benefit [CB] rate: 43.6%). Ten of 12 patients with a PR had HER2-negative tumours, and 9/12 had ER-positive and progesterone receptor (PgR)-positive disease (two patients had unknown HER2 status and one had unknown ER and PgR status). Nine of the 18 patients with HER2-positive tumours experienced CB with fulvestrant. Although CB rates were similar when fulvestrant was given as first- to fourth-line endocrine treatment, the proportion of those experiencing CB who had a PR appeared to decrease when fulvestrant was used later in the sequence. Fulvestrant was well tolerated; six patients experienced adverse events (all grade I/II). These data demonstrate that fulvestrant is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for patients with ABC progressing on prior therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Steger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 18-20 Währinger Gürtel, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Köstler WJ, Brodowicz T, Hudelist G, Rudas M, Horvat R, Steger GG, Singer CF, Attems J, Rabitsch W, Fakhrai N, Elandt K, Wiltschke C, Hejna M, Zielinski CC. The efficacy of trastuzumab in Her-2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer is independent of p53 status. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2005; 131:420-8. [PMID: 15864644 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-005-0670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Her-2/neu and p53-mediated signalling have been shown to interact at various cellular levels. However, the clinical relevance of p53 alterations in patients receiving trastuzumab for Her-2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains unknown. The present study was performed to corroborate previous in vitro findings from our laboratory showing that trastuzumab induces growth arrest and apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. METHOD Retrospective immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for p53 protein expression was carried out on tumour specimens from 104 patients receiving trastuzumab-based treatment for Her-2/neu-overexpressing MBC at a single institution. p53 status was correlated with response (R) and clinical benefit (CB), median progression-free survival (PFS) time and overall survival (OAS) time in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Characteristics were similar between p53-negative and p53-positive tumours (all P>0.05). In univariate analyses, R (39% vs 26%, P=0.208), CB (70% vs 57%, P=0.218), PFS (6.2 months vs 4.2 months, P=0.186) and OAS (23.8 months vs 23.2 months, P=0.650) were similar for p53-positive tumours and p53-negative tumours, respectively. In multivariate analyses, p53 status was not a significant predictor of R, CB, PFS or OAS (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS p53 status, as determined by IHC, is not a predictor of the clinical efficacy of trastuzumab-based treatment in patients with Her-2/neu-overexpressing MBC.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/secondary
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Female
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Survival Rate
- Trastuzumab
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang J Köstler
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 18-20 Waehringer Guertel, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Köstler WJ, Steger GG, Krainer M, Kornek GV, Locker GJ, Brodowicz T, Marosi C, Singer CF, Hudelist G, Rabitsch W, Wiltschke C, Zielinski CC. Single-agent trastuzumab versus trastuzumab plus cytotoxic chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer: a single-institution experience. Anticancer Drugs 2005; 16:185-90. [PMID: 15655416 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-200502000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trastuzumab has shown significant single-agent activity in patients with Her-2/neu overexpressing metastatic breast cancer, and increased response rates, progression-free and overall survival when added to standard chemotherapy. Despite higher response rates, the combination with chemotherapy has higher toxicity and it remains unknown whether single-agent trastuzumab is equally effective as the combined treatment in terms of progression-free and overall survival. We therefore carried out a retrospective multivariate analysis of 117 patients with Her-2/neu overexpressing metastatic breast cancer who were treated with trastuzumab with or without chemotherapy at a single institution between November 1999 and December 2003. Response rates tended to be higher in patients receiving trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy (34 versus 8%, p=0.060). However, this did not translate into a benefit in progression-free survival: median (95% confidence interval) progression-free survival was 6.2 (4.45-7.95) months in patients receiving trastuzumab plus chemotherapy versus 4.2 (1.77-6.63) months in those receiving single-agent trastuzumab (p=0.560). Likewise, no significant difference in overall survival was observed: 27.0 (19.9-34.0) versus 23.1 (16.2-30.0) months (p=0.809). We conclude that in the absence of extensive visceral involvement necessitating a higher response rate, single-agent trastuzumab may be a safe and less-toxic alternative to its combined use with other chemotherapy agents. This needs to be confirmed in prospective randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang J Köstler
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Schmidt WM, Kalipciyan M, Dornstauder E, Rizovski B, Sedivy R, Steger GG, Müller MW, Mader RM. Gene expression profiling of colon cancer reveals a broad molecular repertoire in 5-fluorouracil resistance. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 41:624-5. [PMID: 14692722 DOI: 10.5414/cpp41624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W M Schmidt
- VBC-Genomics Bioscience Research Inc., Vienna Austria
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Köstler WJ, Schwab B, Singer CF, Neumann R, Rücklinger E, Brodowicz T, Tomek S, Niedermayr M, Hejna M, Steger GG, Krainer M, Wiltschke C, Zielinski CC. Monitoring of Serum Her-2/neuPredicts Response and Progression-Free Survival to Trastuzumab-Based Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10:1618-24. [PMID: 15014012 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-0385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present pilot study was performed to elucidate whether early changes in serum Her-2/neu extracellular domain (ECD) levels during trastuzumab-based treatment would predict the clinical course of disease in patients with metastatic breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sera from 55 patients with Her-2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer obtained immediately before each weekly administration of trastuzumab were analyzed by a serum Her-2/neu ELISA. RESULTS Whereas response rates were significantly higher in patients with elevated (>or=15 ng/ml) ECD levels before initiation of treatment (35% versus 7%, P = 0.045), progression-free and overall survival did not differ significantly between patients with normal and elevated ECD levels. In patients responding to treatment, ECD levels decreased significantly as early as from day 8 of treatment onwards (all P for weekly measurements versus baseline <0.001). In contrast, no significant change in ECD levels was observed in patients with progressive disease. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified kinetics of ECD levels as the only factor that allowed for the accurate prediction of response likelihood as early as from day 8 of trastuzumab-based treatment onwards (P = 0.020). In addition, determination of serial ECD levels allowed for the prediction of the risk for disease progression within the observed period as early as day 15 of treatment (P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Serial monitoring of the ECD may represent a valuable tool for early prediction of the probability of response and progression-free survival to trastuzumab-based treatment and is thus likely to contribute to an optimization of treatment and resource allocation.
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