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Massen GM, Allen RJ, Leavy OC, Selby NM, Aithal GP, Oliver N, Parfrey H, Wain LV, Jenkins G, Stewart I, Quint JK. Classifying the unclassifiable-a Delphi study to reach consensus on the fibrotic nature of diseases. QJM 2023; 116:429-435. [PMID: 37004203 PMCID: PMC10250078 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally, clinical research has focused on individual fibrotic diseases or fibrosis in a particular organ. However, it is possible for people to have multiple fibrotic diseases. While multi-organ fibrosis may suggest shared pathogenic mechanisms, yet there is no consensus on what constitutes a fibrotic disease and therefore fibrotic multimorbidity. AIM A Delphi study was performed to reach consensus on which diseases may be described as fibrotic. METHODS Participants were asked to rate a list of diseases, sub-grouped according to eight body regions, as 'fibrotic manifestation always present', 'can develop fibrotic manifestations', 'associated with fibrotic manifestations' or 'not fibrotic nor associated'. Classifications of 'fibrotic manifestation always present' and 'can develop fibrotic manifestations' were merged and termed 'fibrotic'. Clinical consensus was defined according to the interquartile range, having met a minimum number of responses. Clinical agreement was used for classification where diseases did not meet the minimum number of responses (required for consensus measure), were only classified if there was 100% consensus on disease classification. RESULTS After consulting experts, searching the literature and coding dictionaries, a total of 323 non-overlapping diseases which might be considered fibrotic were identified; 92 clinical specialists responded to the first round of the survey. Over three survey rounds, 240 diseases were categorized as fibrotic via clinical consensus and 25 additional diseases through clinical agreement. CONCLUSION Using a robust methodology, an extensive list of diseases was classified. The findings lay the foundations for studies estimating the burden of fibrotic multimorbidity, as well as investigating shared mechanisms and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Massen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - R J Allen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - O C Leavy
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - N M Selby
- Department of Renal Medicine,, Derby Hospitals Foundation Trust, Derby, DE22 3NE,UK
| | - G P Aithal
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - N Oliver
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZUK
| | - H Parfrey
- Cambridge Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0AY, UK
| | - L V Wain
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - G Jenkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - I Stewart
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - J K Quint
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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Pararasa C, Messenger DJ, Barrett KE, Hyliands D, Talbot D, Fowler MI, Kawatra T, Gunn DA, Lim FL, Wainwright LJ, Jenkins G, Griffiths HR. Lower polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and FADS2 expression in adult compared to neonatal keratinocytes are associated with FADS2 promotor hypermethylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 601:9-15. [PMID: 35219001 PMCID: PMC8993048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes produce lipids that are critical for the skin barrier, however, little is known about the impact of age on fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis in these cells. We have examined the relationship between keratinocyte FA composition, lipid biosynthetic gene expression, gene promoter methylation and age. Expression of elongase (ELOVL6 and 7) and desaturase (FADS1 and 2) genes was lower in adult versus neonatal keratinocytes, and was associated with lower concentrations of n-7, n-9 and n-10 polyunsaturated FA in adult cells. Consistent with these findings, transient FADS2 knockdown in neonatal keratinocytes mimicked the adult keratinocyte FA profile in neonatal cells. Interrogation of methylation levels across the FADS2 locus (53 genomic sites) revealed differential methylation of 15 sites in neonatal versus adult keratinocytes, of which three hypermethylated sites in adult keratinocytes overlapped with a SMARCA4 protein binding site in the FADS2 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pararasa
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - D J Messenger
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - K E Barrett
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - D Hyliands
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - D Talbot
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - M I Fowler
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - T Kawatra
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - D A Gunn
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - F L Lim
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - L J Wainwright
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - G Jenkins
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - H R Griffiths
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, SA2 8PP, UK.
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Ogunjo S, Olaniyan O, Olusegun C, Kayode F, Okoh D, Jenkins G. The Role of Meteorological Variables and Aerosols in the Transmission of COVID-19 During Harmattan Season. Geohealth 2022; 6:e2021GH000521. [PMID: 35229057 PMCID: PMC8865058 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of atmospheric parameters and aerosols in the transmission of COVID-19 within tropical Africa, especially during the harmattan season, has been under-investigated in published papers. The harmattan season within the West African region is associated with significant dust incursion from the Bodele depression and biomass burning. In this study, the correlation between atmospheric parameters (temperature and humidity) and aerosols with COVID-19 cases and fatalities within seven locations in tropical Nigeria during the harmattan period was investigated. COVID-19 infection cases were found to be significantly positively correlated with atmospheric parameters (temperature and humidity) in the southern part of the country while the number of fatalities showed weaker significant correlation with particulate matters only in three locations. The significant correlation values were found to be between 0.22 and 0.48 for particulate matter and -0.19 to -0.32 for atmospheric parameters. Although, temperature and humidity showed negative correlations in some locations, the impact is smaller compared to particulate matter. In December, COVID-19 cases in all locations showed strong correlation with particulate matter except in Kano State. It is suggested that a reduction in atmospheric particulate matter can be used as a control measure for the spread of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ogunjo
- Department of PhysicsFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - O. Olaniyan
- National Weather Forecasting and Climate Research CentreNigerian Meteorological AgencyAbujaNigeria
| | - C.F. Olusegun
- Centre for Atmospheric ResearchNational Space Research and Development AgencyKogi State University CampusAnyigbaNigeria
| | - F. Kayode
- Centre for Atmospheric ResearchNational Space Research and Development AgencyKogi State University CampusAnyigbaNigeria
| | - D. Okoh
- Centre for Atmospheric ResearchNational Space Research and Development AgencyKogi State University CampusAnyigbaNigeria
| | - G. Jenkins
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric SciencesPenn State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
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Burgum M, El Yamani N, Sosnowska A, Stolinski F, Longhin E, Mariussen E, Runden-Pran E, Jenkins G, Clift M, Puzyn T, Dusinska M, Doak S. Standardisation of mutagenicity testing approaches, tailored to the evaluation of engineered nanomaterials. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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West N, Willis N, Adams J, Kennedy M, Jenkins G, Iqbal M, Davidson Z. PO-0996 Dose guided surgery and its impact on the surgical management of mandibular osteoradionecrosis. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Leeming DJ, Genovese F, Sand JMB, Rasmussen DGK, Christiansen C, Jenkins G, Maher TM, Vestbo J, Karsdal MA. Can biomarkers of extracellular matrix remodelling and wound healing be used to identify high risk patients infected with SARS-CoV-2?: lessons learned from pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2021; 22:38. [PMID: 33546680 PMCID: PMC7863042 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis has been identified as a main factor leading to pulmonary dysfunction and poor quality of life in post-recovery Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) survivor’s consequent to SARS-Cov-2 infection. Thus there is an urgent medical need for identification of readily available biomarkers that in patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection are able to; (1) identify patients in most need of medical care prior to admittance to an intensive care unit (ICU), and; (2) identify patients post-infection at risk of developing persistent fibrosis of lungs with subsequent impaired quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. An intense amount of research have focused on wound healing and Extracellular Matrix (ECM) remodelling of the lungs related to lung function decline in pulmonary fibrosis (PF). A range of non-invasive serological biomarkers, reflecting tissue remodelling, and fibrosis have been shown to predict risk of acute exacerbations, lung function decline and mortality in PF and other interstitial lung diseases (Sand et al. in Respir Res 19:82, 2018). We suggest that lessons learned from such PF studies of the pathological processes leading to lung function decline could be used to better identify patients infected with SARS-Co-V2 at most risk of acute deterioration or persistent fibrotic damage of the lung and could consequently be used to guide treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - G Jenkins
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - T M Maher
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - J Vestbo
- Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England
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Smith MAJ, Jenkins G, Dean BL, O'Neill TM, Macdonald NJ. Effect of breed as a risk factor for humeral condylar fracture in skeletally immature dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:374-380. [PMID: 32323333 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of breed as a risk factor associated with humeral condylar fracture in skeletally immature dogs in the UK. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective study of dogs under 12 months of age that were presented with humeral condylar fracture to three specialist referral centres between 2015 and 2018. Data retrieved from medical records included breed, age, gender, neuter status, affected limb, fracture configuration and aetiology of the fracture. Breed population percentages were compared with those recorded by the UK Kennel Club. RESULTS Of the 115 dogs with 118 fractures, French bulldogs (41%) and English springer spaniels (15%) were overrepresented: humeral condylar fractures were more commonly diagnosed in French bulldogs (odds ratio = 5.86) and English springer spaniels (odds ratio = 5.66) compared with mixed-breed dogs. Lateral condylar fractures occurred in 70% of cases, with medial condylar fractures and Y/T fractures accounting for 9% and 21%, respectively. Median age at the time of fracture was 4 months (range 2 to 10 months). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE French bulldogs and English springer spaniels were identified as being at potentially increased risk of humeral condylar fracture in skeletally immature dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A J Smith
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Delamere House, Ashville Point, Sutton Weaver, Cheshire, WA7 3FW, UK
| | - G Jenkins
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, The Mews, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2LL, UK
| | - B L Dean
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Unit 6, Ringwood, Hampshire, BH24 3JW, UK
| | - T M O'Neill
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Delamere House, Ashville Point, Sutton Weaver, Cheshire, WA7 3FW, UK.,Paragon Veterinary Referrals, 1 Red Hall Crescent, Wakefield, West Yorkshire, WF1 2DF, UK
| | - N J Macdonald
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Delamere House, Ashville Point, Sutton Weaver, Cheshire, WA7 3FW, UK
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Dean B, Anderson T, Garcia-Pertierra S, Jenkins G, Cantatore M, Craig A, Harris K, Ryan T. Diaphragmotomy to aid exposure during hepatobiliary surgery: a multi-centre retrospective review of 31 dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:278-284. [PMID: 32077119 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report surgical technique, intra- and post-operative complications, and short- and long-term outcome following canine hepatobiliary surgery in which exposure of intra-abdominal hepatobiliary lesions was aided by diaphragmotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical records from four multi-disciplinary UK-based small animal referral hospitals were retrospectively reviewed for dogs in which diaphragmotomy was performed between January 2014 and May 2019. Signalment, diagnosis, surgery performed, diaphragmotomy technique, management of diaphragmotomy and pneumothorax, intra- and post-operative complications, short-term outcome and long-term outcome were recorded. RESULTS Thirty-one cases were identified. The most common hepatobiliary surgeries performed alongside diaphragmotomy were single hepatic lobectomy (14/31) and cholecystectomy (11/31). The most common diagnoses were hepatocellular carcinoma (10/31), gall bladder mucocoele (7/31) and hepatic nodular hyperplasia (4/31). Peri-operative mortality rate was 9.7% (3/31 cases) though none of these deaths were considered attributable to diaphragmotomy. Post-operative complications were encountered in 67.9% (19/28) cases that survived the peri-operative period, of which 25.0% (7/28) suffered complications that were considered attributable or likely attributable to diaphragmotomy. These seven complications resolved following non-surgical intervention. Follow-up was available for 26 of 28 patients that survived to discharge at a median of 4-months (range 10 days to 24 months) following surgery and revealed no evidence of complications related to diaphragmotomy. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Diaphragmotomy appears safe and increases abdominal exposure of hepatobiliary lesions. The benefit of improved exposure must be carefully weighed up against the risks inherent in inducing pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dean
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Unit 6 Forest Corner Farm, Hangersley, BH24 3JW, UK
| | - T Anderson
- Dick White Referrals, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK
| | - S Garcia-Pertierra
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - G Jenkins
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Hampshire, SO21 2LL, UK
| | - M Cantatore
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Hampshire, SO21 2LL, UK
| | - A Craig
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Unit 6 Forest Corner Farm, Hangersley, BH24 3JW, UK
| | - K Harris
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Unit 6 Forest Corner Farm, Hangersley, BH24 3JW, UK
| | - T Ryan
- Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Unit 6 Forest Corner Farm, Hangersley, BH24 3JW, UK
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Pople JE, Bhogal RK, Moore AE, Jenkins G. Changes in epidermal morphology associated with dandruff. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:357-363. [PMID: 31087801 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dandruff is a very common scalp condition characterized by flaking and pruritus usually with no visible signs of inflammation, such as redness and erythema. Dandruff is considered a multifactorial condition with both microbial colonization and host factors such as sebum production thought to play a role. There is evidence of changes in epidermal morphology in the scalp skin of dandruff sufferers, with reports of an increase in mean thickness and more nucleated cell layers. The underlying mechanisms driving these morphological changes are currently unclear. The objective of this study was to fully characterize epidermal morphology in dandruff compared to healthy scalp skin and to evaluate potential mechanisms underlying any changes observed. METHODS Scalp skin biopsies were taken from 22 healthy female subjects and 21 dandruff sufferers, from both lesional and non-lesional sites. Samples were processed, sectioned and stained using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). To fully characterize epidermal morphology, measurements were taken of epidermal thickness, the convolution of the dermal-epidermal junction and the depth of epidermal rete ridges. To analyse changes in epidermal proliferation immunohistochemical staining was performed using Ki67, a well-established marker of cell proliferation, and quantified using image analysis. RESULTS Histochemical analysis of skin sections revealed that in dandruff lesional samples, the epidermis was thicker, had a more convoluted dermal epidermal junction and the rete ridges were elongated, compared to healthy scalp skin. Similar directional changes in epidermal morphology, were observed in non-lesional dandruff samples, albeit to a lesser extent. Image analysis of Ki67 expression in the epidermis revealed dandruff lesional skin contained significantly more Ki67-positive proliferating keratinocytes than healthy controls samples. This suggests dandruff scalp skin epidermal keratinocytes are in a hyper-proliferative state. CONCLUSION There were significant changes in epidermal morphology in dandruff lesional skin compared to healthy scalp skin including increased epidermal thickness, a more convoluted dermal-epidermal junction and elongation of rete ridges. Interestingly, we found there was evidence of an increase in the percentage of epidermal Ki67-positive cells, which has not been reported previously, and demonstrates dandruff is a condition displaying epidermal hyper-proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Pople
- Unilever R&D Colworth, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - R K Bhogal
- Unilever R&D Colworth, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - A E Moore
- Unilever R&D Colworth, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - G Jenkins
- Unilever R&D Colworth, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK
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Culley O, Jenkins G, Siow R, Watt F. 857 Fibroblast heterogeneity in human adult dermis: IGF-1/TGF-β1 signal modification to rejuvenate reticular fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kent J, Jenkins G, Sherman CDH. Low levels of genetic structuring in King George whiting Sillaginodes punctatus across two geographic regions. J Fish Biol 2018; 92:523-531. [PMID: 29218713 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Postlarvae of King George whiting Sillaginodes punctatus, a commercially important fish species in southern Australia, were collected from multiple locations across south and south-eastern Australia. Genetic analyses using seven microsatellite markers found little evidence of genetic structure suggesting high levels of connectivity between the regions. The results found no evidence of a distinct source spawning population within the south-eastern range sampled in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kent
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University (Waurn Ponds Campus), 75 Pigdons Road. Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - G Jenkins
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - C D H Sherman
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University (Waurn Ponds Campus), 75 Pigdons Road. Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
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Pople J, Bhogal R, Moore A, Jenkins G. 159 Dandruff associated changes in epidermal morphology. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Milligan D, Newman J, Caley M, Wainwright L, Jenkins G, Philpott M, Bishop C. 682 Development of a 3D living skin equivalent to explore the influence of senescence on the skin ageing phenotype. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Richard F, Ahmed W, Denholm N, Dawson A, Varol N, Essén B, Johnsdotter S, Bukuluki P, Ahmed W, Naeema AGH, eltayeb D, Shell-Duncan B, Njue C, Muteshi J, Lamy C, Neyrinck P, Richard F, Verduyckt P, Alexander S, Kimani S, Esho T, Kimani V, Kigondu C, Karanja J, Guyo J, Touré M, Guindo YG, Samaké D, Camara L, Traoré Y, Traoré AA, Samaké A, Johnson-Agbakwu CE, Jordal M, Jirovsky E, Wu S, Fitzgerald K, Mishori R, Reingold R, Ismail EA, Say L, Uebelhart M, Boulvain M, Dallenbäch P, Irion O, Petignat P, Abdulcadir J, Farina P, Leye E, Ortensi L, Pecorella C, Novak L, Abdulcadir J, Cuzin B, Delmas FB, Papingui A, Bader D, Wahlberg A, Johnsdotter S, Selling KE, Källestål C, Essén B, Ibraheim AHHI, Elawad NAM, Ahmed W, Gasseer A, Naeema H, Maison E, Hussein H, Albagir AM, Bukuluki P, Albirair MT, Salih SAS, Ahmed W, Gasseer A, Naeema H, Maison E, Hussein H, Albagir AM, Albirair MT, Bukuluki P, Dawson A, Varol N, Esho T, Kimani S, Kimani V, Muniu S, Kigondu C, Nyamongo I, Guyo J, Ndavi P, Reingold R, Mishori R, Fitzgerald K, Wu S, Hedley H, Kuenzi R, Malavé-Seda L, Clare C, Greenfield J, Augustus P, Ukatu N, Manu E, Altonen B, Caillet M, Richard F, Foldès P, Cuzin B, Delmas FB, Papingui A, Wylomanski S, Vital M, De Visme S, Dugast S, Hanf M, Winer N, Johnsdotter S, Essén B, Seifeldin A, Mishori R, Fitzgerald K, Reingold R, Wu S, Villani M, Johnsdotter S, Essén B, Seinfeld R, Earp B, Cappon S, L’Ecluse C, Clays E, Tency I, Leye E, Johansen RE, Ouédraogo CM, Madzou S, Simporé A, Combaud V, Ouattara A, Millogo F, Ouédraogo A, Kiemtore S, Zamane H, Sawadogo YA, Kaien P, Dramé B, Thieba B, Lankoandé J, Descamps P, Catania L, Mastrullo R, Caselli A, Cecere R, Abdulcadir O, Abdulcadir J, Vogt S, Efferson C, O’Neill S, Dubour D, Florquin S, Bos M, Zewolde S, Richard F, Varol N, Dawson A, Turkmani S, Hall JJ, Nanayakkara S, Jenkins G, Homer CS, McGeechan K, Vital M, de Visme S, Hanf M, Philippe HJ, Winer N, Wylomanski S, Johnson-Agbakwu C, Warren N, Macfarlane A, Dorkenoo W, Lien IL, Schultz JH. Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: sharing data and experiences to accelerate eradication and improve care: part 2. Reprod Health 2017. [PMCID: PMC5607483 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-017-0362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Navaratnam V, Fogarty AW, McKeever T, Thompson N, Jenkins G, Johnson SR, Kumaran M, Pointon K, Hubbard RB. S19 The impact of clotting abnormalities on the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an extended follow up of a population based cohort. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Brand OJ, Pasini A, Habgood A, Knox AJ, Jenkins G, Pang L. S52 Suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA) inhibits collagen deposition in a transforming growth factor β1-driven precision cut lung slice (PCLS) model of pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pasini A, Brand OJ, Jenkins G, Knox AJ, Pang L. S53 Effect of epigenetic inhibitors on lung fibroblast phenotype change in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang R, Shah U, Jenkins G, Doak S. The effects of aspirin on growth and COX-2 expression in prostate cancer cells. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mingrone F, Aberle O, Andrzejewski J, Audouin L, Bécares V, Bacak M, Balibrea-Correa J, Barbagallo M, Barros S, Bečvář F, Beinrucker C, Berthoumieux E, Billowes J, Bosnar D, Brugger M, Caamaño M, Calviño F, Calviani M, Cano-Ott D, Cardella R, Casanovas A, Castelluccio DM, Cerutti F, Chen Y, Chiaveri E, Colonna N, Cortés-Giraldo MA, Cortés G, Cosentino L, Damone L, Diakaki M, Domingo-Pardo C, Dressler R, Dupont E, Durán I, Fernández-Domínguez B, Ferrari A, Ferreira P, Finocchiaro P, Furman V, Ganesan S, Garcia-Rios AA, Gawlik A, Gheorghe I, Glodariu T, Gonçalves IF, Gonzàlez E, Goverdovski A, Griesmayer E, Guerrero C, Gunsing F, Göbel K, Harada H, Heftrich T, Heinitz S, Heyse J, Jenkins G, Jericha E, Käppeler F, Kadi Y, Katabuchi T, Kavrigin P, Ketlerov V, Khryachkov V, Kimura A, Kivel N, Kokkoris M, Krtička M, Leal-Cidoncha E, Lederer C, Leeb H, Lerendegui J, Lo Meo S, Lonsdale S, Losito R, Macina D, Marganiec J, Martínez T, Massimi C, Mastinu P, Mastromarco M, Matteucci F, Maugeri EA, Mendoza E, Mengoni A, Milazzo PM, Mirea M, Montesano S, Musumarra A, Nolte R, Oprea A, Patronis N, Pavlik A, Perkowski J, Praena J, Quesada JM, Rajeev K, Rauscher T, Reifarth R, Riego-Perez A, Rout P, Rubbia C, Ryan JA, Sabaté-Gilarte M, Saxena A, Schillebeeckx P, Schmidt S, Schumann D, Sedyshev P, Smith AG, Stamatopoulos A, Tagliente G, Tain JL, Tarifeño-Saldivia A, Tassan-Got L, Tsinganis A, Valenta S, Vannini G, Variale V, Vaz P, Ventura A, Vlachoudis V, Vlastou R, Wallner A, Warren S, Weigand M, Weiss C, Wolf C, Woods PJ, Wright T, Žugec P. The CERN n_TOF facility: a unique tool for nuclear data measurement. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201612205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Allen RJ, Tobin MD, Wain LV, Braybrooke R, Jenkins G. P1 Preliminary results for association of survival time in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis cases with the 11p15.5 region. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Biernacka JM, Sangkuhl K, Jenkins G, Whaley RM, Barman P, Batzler A, Altman RB, Arolt V, Brockmöller J, Chen CH, Domschke K, Hall-Flavin DK, Hong CJ, Illi A, Ji Y, Kampman O, Kinoshita T, Leinonen E, Liou YJ, Mushiroda T, Nonen S, Skime MK, Wang L, Baune BT, Kato M, Liu YL, Praphanphoj V, Stingl JC, Tsai SJ, Kubo M, Klein TE, Weinshilboum R. The International SSRI Pharmacogenomics Consortium (ISPC): a genome-wide association study of antidepressant treatment response. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e553. [PMID: 25897834 PMCID: PMC4462610 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Response to treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) varies considerably between patients. The International SSRI Pharmacogenomics Consortium (ISPC) was formed with the primary goal of identifying genetic variation that may contribute to response to SSRI treatment of major depressive disorder. A genome-wide association study of 4-week treatment outcomes, measured using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-17), was performed using data from 865 subjects from seven sites. The primary outcomes were percent change in HRSD-17 score and response, defined as at least 50% reduction in HRSD-17. Data from two prior studies, the Pharmacogenomics Research Network Antidepressant Medication Pharmacogenomics Study (PGRN-AMPS) and the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, were used for replication, and a meta-analysis of the three studies was performed (N=2394). Although many top association signals in the ISPC analysis map to interesting candidate genes, none were significant at the genome-wide level and the associations were not replicated using PGRN-AMPS and STAR*D data. The top association result in the meta-analysis of response represents SNPs 5′ upstream of the neuregulin-1 gene, NRG1 (P = 1.20E - 06). NRG1 is involved in many aspects of brain development, including neuronal maturation and variations in this gene have been shown to be associated with increased risk for mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia. Replication and functional studies of these findings are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. E-mail:
| | - K Sangkuhl
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G Jenkins
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R M Whaley
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - P Barman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Batzler
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R B Altman
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - V Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - J Brockmöller
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University-Shuangho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - K Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - D K Hall-Flavin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - C J Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A Illi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Y Ji
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - O Kampman
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland,Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki Hospital District, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - T Kinoshita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - E Leinonen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland,Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Y J Liou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T Mushiroda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S Nonen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M K Skime
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - L Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y L Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - V Praphanphoj
- Center for Medical Genetics Research, Rajanukul Institute, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - J C Stingl
- Research Division Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - S J Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T E Klein
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - R Weinshilboum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Karpyak V, Biernacka J, Geske J, Jenkins G, Cunningham J, Skime M, Weinshilboum R, Frye M, Choi D. Abstinence Length in Acamprosate-treated Alcoholics and Variability in Glycine and Glutamate Signaling Gene Sets. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Srinivasan G, Azarcon E, Muldoon MR, Jenkins G, Polavarapu S, Kallick CA, Pildes RS. Rotavirus Infection in Normal Nursery: Epidemic and Surveillance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 5:478-81. [PMID: 6567612 DOI: 10.1017/s0195941700060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHuman rotavirus (HRV) epidemics have not been reported in normal full-term newborn nurseries in the US. This report describes an epidemic from April 27 to May 6, 1982 in which 23 infants were infected. Diagnosis was confirmed with Rotazyme (Abbott) in 82% (23/28 ) of the neonates screened. Five were asymptomatic; in the remaining 18 cases, the symptoms were usually mild and self-limited. Transient shedding of the virus was found in 8% (4/52) of personnel screened, and only one of them was symptomatic. Control measures included the following: strict cohorting, closure of transitional nursery, enteric precautions and wiping of horizontal surfaces with 95% ethyl alcohol which has been shown to be an effective virucidal agent for rotavirus in laboratories. Follow-up in 80 of 108 contact neonates born during the epidemic showed only two mildly symptomatic cases after discharge. During an 11-month period of surveillance, 33% of neonates (1,688/5,054) born at Cook County Hospital were screened for excretion of virus in stools; only 3.6% of infants (61/1,688) were positive by Rotazyme and none were symptomatic. This report suggests that strict measures are helpful in control of HRV epidemic gastroenteritis and asymptomatic shedding need not be as high as the previously reported incidence of 40% to 50%.
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Saini G, McKeever T, Braybrooke R, Hubbard R, Jenkins G, Marshall R, Lukey P, Simpson J. P9 Cough Is Prevalent In Higher Proportion Of Older Patients With Both Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis And Non-specific Interstitial Lung Disease. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jenkins G, Smith A, Kanatas A, Houghton D, Telfer M. Anatomical restrictions in the surgical excision of scalp squamous cell carcinomas: does this affect local recurrence and regional nodal metastases? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 43:142-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Saini G, McKeever T, Braybrooke R, Hubbard R, Jenkins G. S15 FVC or TLCO? Impact on treatment following NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) approval of pirfenidone: Abstract S15 Table 1. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Stavrou A, Jolly L, Habgood A, John A, Hussel T, Blanchard A, Jenkins G. P144 Influenza infection affects the degree of fibrosis and apoptosis in the bleomycin mouse model. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wall J, Crosby V, Hussain A, Wilcock A, Saini G, Braybrooke R, Jenkins G. P198 Establishing the palliative and supportive care needs of patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Non Specific Interstitial Pneumonia: Abstract P198 Table 1. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jenkins G, Wainwright LJ, Holland R, Barrett KE, Casey J. Wrinkle reduction in post-menopausal women consuming a novel oral supplement: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2013; 36:22-31. [PMID: 23927381 PMCID: PMC4265247 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective The maintenance of youthful skin appearance is strongly desired by a large proportion of the world's population. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the effect on skin wrinkling, of a combination of ingredients reported to influence key factors involved in skin ageing, namely inflammation, collagen synthesis and oxidative/UV stress. A supplemented drink was developed containing soy isoflavones, lycopene, vitamin C and vitamin E and given to post-menopausal women with a capsule containing fish oil. Method We have performed a double-blind randomized controlled human clinical study to assess whether this cocktail of dietary ingredients can significantly improve the appearance of facial wrinkles. Results We have shown that this unique combination of micronutrients can significantly reduce the depth of facial wrinkles and that this improvement is associated with increased deposition of new collagen fibres in the dermis. Conclusion This study demonstrates that consumption of a mixture of soy isoflavones, lycopene, vitamin C, vitamin E and fish oil is able to induce a clinically measureable improvement in the depth of facial wrinkles following long-term use. We have also shown, for the first time with an oral product, that the improvement is associated with increased deposition of new collagen fibres in the dermis. Résumé
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jenkins
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - L J Wainwright
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - R Holland
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - K E Barrett
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - J Casey
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Discover, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, U.K
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Kent J, Jenkins G, Acevedo S. Temporal and spatial patterns in ichthyoplankton assemblages in bay and open coastal environments. J Fish Biol 2013; 82:408-429. [PMID: 23398059 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The larval fish fauna occurring in temperate bay and shelf waters off Victoria, southern Australia, was found to be diverse, comprising taxa from 52 families. The most abundant groups collected were gobiids, tripterygiids, gobiesocids and clupeids. Fish egg concentrations were highest during spring and summer (September to February). Eggs of the Australian anchovy Engraulis australis occurred mainly during spring (September to November). Total larval fish concentrations were highest during summer (December to February), and were significantly higher at 1 km than 2 and 5 km from shore in offshore samples. Larval concentrations of a number of families, mainly reef-associated taxa that attach their eggs to hard substrata, were also higher nearer to shore. These larvae are more developed upon hatching than those of pelagic spawners and more capable of avoiding passive drift. Multivariate analyses found that larval taxonomic composition did not vary significantly with distance from shore, but that seasonal and monthly groupings were evident, with different taxa dominating at different times of the year. Larvae of the families Gobiidae and Tripterygiidae occurred in all months, but were less abundant during winter. Spatial differences in the larval fish assemblage between offshore samples and samples taken in the bay were only apparent during summer. This was primarily due to a higher abundance of seagrass-associated species, such as syngnathids and hemiramphids, utilizing specific habitats in the bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kent
- Fisheries Research Branch, Department of Primary Industries, Queenscliff, Vic 3225, Australia.
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Stavrou A, Jolly L, Habgood A, John A, Hussell T, Blanchard A, Jenkins G. S102 The Effect of Influenza Infection on Bleomycin Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jolly L, Stavrou A, Violette S, Weinreb P, Hussell T, Jenkins G. S127 Influenza A and Poly(I:C) Induce α Vβ6-Integrin-Mediated TGFβ Activity in Human Epithelial Cells Via Stimulation of TLR3. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tatler AL, Saini G, Goodwin A, Gbolohan O, Clifford RL, Al’Hourani M, Porte J, Violette S, Weinreb P, Knox A, Laurent G, Wolters P, Gauldie J, Kolb M, Jenkins G. S69 Transcriptional Mechanisms Regulating Expression of the Avb6 Integrin in IPF. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bryan SA, Leckie MJ, Jenkins G, Barnes PJ, Williams TJ, Sabroe I, Hansel TT. Measurement of granulocyte pharmacodynamics in whole blood by flow cytometry. Methods Mol Med 2012; 56:345-55. [PMID: 21336912 DOI: 10.1385/1-59259-151-5:345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During the Phase I/II assessment of new therapies with the potential to suppress eosinophil and neutrophil inflammation, there is a need to assess the peripheral blood pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of the drug. This has relevance in respiratory disease since drugs that target eosinophillic inflammation are in development for asthma; whereas neutrophil-directed therapies are being introduced for treatment of chronic obstructive airways disease (COPD). Pharmacokinetic evaluation is required to determine the concentration of drug substance (and possibly metabolites) in peripheral blood at intervals following single or repeated dosing. Pharmacodynamic assessment is also required since many drug substances have a duration of action which is prolonged beyond the time when drug substance is detectable in the blood (see Fig. 1). Fig. 1. Whole blood pharmacodynamics. In preclinical studies, animal or human blood is treated with test agents. In clinical studies, human subjects are treated with drug and blood removed for analysis. GAFS, gated autofluorescence forward scatter; PK, pharmacokinetics; PD, pharmacoldynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bryan
- Royal Brompton Clinical Studies Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
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Abstract
The influence of chromosome structure upon pairing behaviour during meiosis was investigated by comparing four autotetraploid genotypes of rye (Secale cereale) containing homologous chromosome sets with different degrees of structural similarity. The series provided a range of genotypes that, at one extreme, contained structurally identical chromosome sets and, at the other extreme, sets that are certainly more heterozygous in the genic sense and probably also more diverse from a purely structural viewpoint. Relative frequencies of pairing configurations at meiotic prophase and metaphase I were compared by electron microscopy of whole-mount surface-spread synaptonemal complex complements and light microscopy of squash preparations. Despite unexpectedly low quadrivalent frequencies over all four genotypes, higher mean bivalent frequencies appeared to be associated with greater homologue diversity. In other words, greater structural divergence between chromosome sets appears to facilitate more efficient discrimination between homologous and identical chromosomes that drives the formation of bivalents. Statistical comparisons were not able to confirm in some cases the significance of the observed pattern of pairing behaviour.
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Rinzan M, Jenkins G, Drew HD, Shafranjuk S, Barbara P. Carbon nanotube quantum dots as highly sensitive terahertz-cooled spectrometers. Nano Lett 2012; 12:3097-3100. [PMID: 22632449 DOI: 10.1021/nl300975h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz technology has recently emerged as a highly sought-after and versatile scientific tool in many fields, including medical imaging, security screening, and wireless communication. However, scientific progress has been hindered by the lack of sources and detectors in this frequency range, thereby known as the terahertz gap. Here, we show that carbon nanotube quantum dots coupled to antennas are extremely sensitive, broad-band, terahertz quantum detectors with spectral resolution. Their response is due to photon-assisted single-electron tunneling and it is substantially enhanced by a novel radiation-induced nonequilibrium cooling of the electrons, causing a sharp height increase of the Coulomb oscillation peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rinzan
- Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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Kanatas A, Needs C, Smith A, Moran A, Jenkins G, Worrall S. Short-term outcomes using the Christensen patient-specific temporomandibular joint implant system: a prospective study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 50:149-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Saini G, McKeever T, Johnson S, Jenkins G. P88 Thalidomide as treatment for IPF associated cough. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054c.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tatler AL, John AE, Jolly L, Habgood A, Porte J, Knox AJ, Huang X, Sheppard D, Jenkins G. S32 Loss/inhibition of the aVb5 integrin reduces allergen-induced increases in airway smooth muscle mass in in vivo models of asthma. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Matsson P, Yee SW, Markova S, Morrissey K, Jenkins G, Xuan J, Jorgenson E, Kroetz DL, Giacomini KM. Discovery of regulatory elements in human ATP-binding cassette transporters through expression quantitative trait mapping. Pharmacogenomics J 2011; 12:214-26. [PMID: 21383772 PMCID: PMC3325368 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2011.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) membrane transporters determine the disposition of many drugs, metabolites and endogenous compounds. Coding region variation in ABC transporters is the cause of many genetic disorders, but much less is known about the genetic basis and functional outcome of ABC transporter expression level variation. We used genotype and mRNA transcript level data from human lymphoblastoid cell lines to assess population and gender differences in ABC transporter expression, and to guide the discovery of genomic regions involved in transcriptional regulation. Nineteen of 49 ABC genes were differentially expressed between individuals of African, Asian and European descent suggesting an important influence of race on expression level of ABC transporters. Twenty-four significant associations were found between transporter transcript levels and proximally located genetic variants. Several of the associations were experimentally validated in reporter assays. Through influencing ABC expression levels, these SNPs may affect disease susceptibility and response to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Matsson
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Robson PRH, Kelly R, Jensen EF, Giddings GD, Leitch M, Davey C, Gay AP, Jenkins G, Thomas H, Donnison IS. A flexible quantitative methodology for the analysis of gene-flow between conventionally bred maize populations using microsatellite markers. Theor Appl Genet 2011; 122:819-29. [PMID: 21109994 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-010-1489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of gene-flow in agriculture have used a range of physical and biochemical markers, including transgenes. However, physical and biochemical markers are not available for all commercial varieties, and transgenes are difficult to use when trying to estimate gene flow in the field where the use of transgenes is often restricted. Here, we demonstrate the use of simple sequence repeat microsatellite markers (SSRs) to study gene flow in maize. Developing the first quantitative analysis of pooled SSR samples resulted in a high sampling efficiency which minimised the use of resources and greatly enhanced the possibility of hybrid detection. We were able to quantitatively distinguish hybrids in pools of ten samples from non-hybrid parental lines in all of the 24 pair-wise combinations of commercial varieties tested. The technique was used to determine gene flow in field studies, from which a simple model describing gene flow in maize was developed.
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McNeill GBS, Brand C, Clark K, Jenkins G, Scott I, Thompson C, Jenkins P. Optimizing care for acute medical patients: the Australasian Medical Assessment Unit Survey. Intern Med J 2011; 41:19-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tatler AL, John AE, Jolly L, Knox AJ, Pang L, Jenkins G. S46 Activation of TGF- by airway smooth muscle cells via the V 5 integrin in asthmatic airway remodelling. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150912.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Phillips D, Nibau C, Ramsay L, Waugh R, Jenkins G. Development of a molecular cytogenetic recombination assay for barley. Cytogenet Genome Res 2010; 129:154-61. [PMID: 20551612 DOI: 10.1159/000314335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal localisation of chiasmata is common to many cereals and grasses, which consigns many genes of the complement to recombination backwaters. Releasing this potential untapped genetic variation for use in advanced breeding programmes is an ambitious and technically demanding challenge, necessitating controlled shifts in the distribution of crossover events. As part of a collaborative programme to manipulate recombination in barley, we are developing a robust and reliable molecular cytogenetic assay for recombination in this species, which will be used to gauge the success of our forward and reverse genetic interventions. Single-locus bacterial artificial chromosome clones and rDNA probes identify the 7 somatic chromosomes of the complement. Meiocytes at pachytene of meiosis were embedded in polyacrylamide and hybridised in situ with centromere and telomere probes, followed by immunolocalisation of the synaptonemal complex-associated protein Asy1 which highlights the bivalents' axes. Optical sectioning, deconvolution and image analysis of the z-stacks of the nuclei allowed the disentanglement of each bivalent and the construction of an accurate meiotic ideogram. The landing of single-locus bacterial artificial chromosomes and the detection of late recombination proteins will complete the assay and provide a means of discerning subtle changes in recombination in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Phillips
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
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Ingle J, Schaid D, Goss P, Mushiroda T, Chapman J, Kubo M, Jenkins G, Batzler A, Liu M, Shepherd L, Ellis M, Flockhart D, Nakamura Y, Weinshilboum R. A Genome-Wide Association Study in Patients Experiencing Musculoskeletal Adverse Events on Aromatase Inhibitors as Adjuvant Therapy in Early Breast Cancer Entered on NCIC CTG Trial MA.27. A Pharmacogenetics Research Network-RIKEN Collaboration. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The third-generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are established adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with early stage breast cancer. Musculoskeletal adverse events (MS AE) have become increasingly recognized as an issue for many women receiving AIs resulting in decreased quality of life and, in some instances, discontinuation of the AI. MA.27 is an ongoing randomized clinical trial comparing anastrozole with exemestane that accrued 7576 patients (pts), including 6827 from North America, about 79% of whom provided DNA and consent for genetic testing. A review of withdrawals related to adverse events revealed that the most common cause was MS AE. The hypothesis for our study was that a genome-wide association (GWA) case control study would identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with MS AE.Methods: Cases were defined as pts with grade 3 or 4 MS AE (NCI CTCAE v3.0) or who went off treatment for any grade MS AE within the first 2 years and were matched to 2 controls based on treatment arm, length of follow-up, prior chemotherapy, age and prior celecoxib (at least 3 months prior to MS AE). The study was restricted to the 94% of pts self-identified as Caucasian. Genotyping was performed with the Illumina Human610-Quad. Genotype quality control prior to analysis required call rates ≥98%. Eigenstrat analyses were performed to control for population stratification.Results: The GWA study included 293 cases and 586 controls with 6 pts (0.7%) (4 cases, 2 controls) excluded for call rates <98%. 551,358 SNPs were used in the analyses after removing 29,439 for a minor allele frequency <1% and 82 with Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium p-values <10-6. Eigenvectors did not impact the results when used as covariates. Four SNPs with the lowest p-values (3.3-8.2 x 10-6, Armitage test), 3 in high LD (r2>.8) on chromosome (ch) 14 (rs7158782, rs7159713, rs2369049) and 1 on the X ch (rs6637820) were identified. The gene closest (4000-7000 bp) to the 3 SNPs on ch 14 was T-Cell Leukemia 1A (TCL1A), encoding a protein known to augment AKT kinase activity. Expression array data from lymphoblastoid cell lines from 300 subjects of 3 ethnicities revealed that all 3 SNPs were associated with decreased TCL1A expression after adjusting for ethnicity using 2 probe sets (p=0.006 to 0.03). Electromobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that 2 of these SNPs (rs7158782, rs7159713) displayed a shift and the former SNP showed substantially less binding for variant than wild type. The gene closest to the X ch SNP was Immunoglobulin Superfamily 1 (IGSF1), but EMSA did not show a shift for this SNP.Conclusions: MS AEs represent a major impediment to optimal use of AIs in women with breast cancer and this GWA study identified SNPs on ch 14 that provide a focus for further research to identify pts at risk for, and means to ameliorate, this adverse event.(Supported in part by NIH grants U01GM61388, U01GM63173, P50CA116201 and U10CA77202)
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 15.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - M. Kubo
- 3RIKEN Center for Genomic Medicine, Japan
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Ng J, Jenkins G, Turnbull A, Lansdown L, McQuillan B. The Different Patterns of Myocardial Velocity Curves as Assessed by Colour Tissue Velocity Imaging. Heart Lung Circ 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2009.05.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jenkins G, Phillips D, Mikhailova EI, Timofejeva L, Jones RN. Meiotic genes and proteins in cereals. Cytogenet Genome Res 2008; 120:291-301. [PMID: 18504358 DOI: 10.1159/000121078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the current status of our understanding and knowledge of the genes and proteins controlling meiosis in five major cereals, rye, wheat, barley, rice and maize. For each crop, we describe the genetic and genomic infrastructure available to investigators, before considering the inventory of genes and proteins that have roles to play in this process. Emphasis is given throughout as to how translational genomic and proteomic approaches have enabled us to circumvent some of the intractable features of this important group of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jenkins
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK.
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Phillips D, Mikhailova EI, Timofejeva L, Mitchell JL, Osina O, Sosnikhina SP, Jones RN, Jenkins G. Dissecting meiosis of rye using translational proteomics. Ann Bot 2008; 101:873-80. [PMID: 17766846 PMCID: PMC2710209 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcm202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Much of our understanding of the genetic control of meiosis has come from recent studies of model organisms, which have given us valuable insights into processes such as recombination and the synapsis of chromosomes. The challenge now is to determine to what extent these models are representative of other groups of organisms, and to what extent generalisations can be made as to how meiosis works. Through a comparative proteomic approach with Arabidopsis thaliana, this study describes the spatial and temporal expression of key structural and recombinogenic proteins of cereal rye (Secale cereale). METHODS Antibodies to two synaptonemal complex-associated proteins (Asy1 and Zyp1) and two recombination-related proteins (Spo11 and Rad51) of A. thaliana were bound to meiocytes throughout meiotic prophase of rye, and visualized using conventional fluorescence microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Western analysis was performed on proteins extracted from pooled prophase I anthers, as a prelude to more advanced proteomic investigations. KEY RESULTS The four antibodies of A. thaliana reliably detected their epitopes in rye. The expression profile of Rad51 is consistent with its role in recombination. Asy1 protein is shown for the first time to cap the ends of bivalents. Western analysis reveals structural variants of the transverse filament protein Zyp1. CONCLUSIONS Asy1 cores are assembled by elongation of early foci. The persistence of foci of Spo11 to late prophase does not fit the current model of molecular recombination. The putative structural variants of Zyp1 may indicate modification of the protein as bivalents are assembled.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Phillips
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Edward Llwyd Building, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - E. I. Mikhailova
- Department of Genetics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg Branch of N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199034Russia
| | - L. Timofejeva
- Department of Gene Technology, Tallinn University of Technology Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - J. L. Mitchell
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Edward Llwyd Building, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - O. Osina
- Department of Genetics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - S. P. Sosnikhina
- Department of Genetics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - R. N. Jones
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Edward Llwyd Building, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - G. Jenkins
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Edward Llwyd Building, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
- For correspondence. E-mail
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Headland L, Brown B, Jenkins G. Photomorphogenic UV-B signalling pathways regulating gene expression. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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