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Mendoza-Pérez S, Orta-Méndez-Y-Sánchez I, García-Gómez RS, Ordaz-Nava G, Gracia-Mora MI, Macías-Rosales L, Rico-Morales HA, Salas-Garrido G, Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúa MDC. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, an American plant used as sweetener: Study of its effects on body mass control and glycemia reduction in Wistar male and female rats. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298251. [PMID: 38412182 PMCID: PMC10898749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni water extracts have been used as a natural sweetener and customary medicine by the indigenous inhabitants of South America for several hundred years. This plant was sent to Europe in the 16th century and was described by Peter Jacob Esteve in Spain. Recently the food industry has started to employ S. rebaudiana as sweetener using its glycosides after purification. Advertisement claims that Stevia glycosides is good for controling body mass and reducing glycemia. This study's objective was to evaluate the effect of S. rebaudiana leaf extract on Wistar rats as animal model to prove its effectiveness on body mass control, glycemia reduction, and other biochemical parameters. Three groups were randomly formed with 24 males and 24 females: A blank group without any sweetener, a control group drinking water with 10% glucose, and the test group ingesting a 0.94% water extract of S. rebaudiana. Body mass measurements as well as food and drink consumption were daily performed. The experiment lasted 120 days after the specimens were weaned and got used to eating solid food. Euthanasia was done and blood serum was collected to evaluate the following biochemical parameters: Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, glucagon, leptin, ghrelin, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, GIP. Results indicated that only female rats had statistical differences in body mass gain. No relevant effects either positive or negative were found in the biochemical parameters measured. The crude extracts of S. rebaudiana did not show any relevant changes in biochemical and hormonal profiles, changes nor body mass with respect to the blank and control groups of young and healthy rats in the age range of infancy to youth. According to the results obtained, the therapeutic properties that have been associated to S. rebaudiana consumption especially for body mass control and glycemia reduction, did not occur in young and healthy male and female rats in equivalent age to infants, young children, and youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mendoza-Pérez
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, UNAM, Laboratories of Enviromental Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Orta-Méndez-Y-Sánchez
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, UNAM, Laboratories of Enviromental Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando Salvador García-Gómez
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, UNAM, Laboratories of Enviromental Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Ordaz-Nava
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Molecular Nutrition Area, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", INCMNSZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Isabel Gracia-Mora
- Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Animal Experimentation Unit, UNEXA, Complex E, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucía Macías-Rosales
- Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Animal Experimentation Unit, UNEXA, Complex E, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor A Rico-Morales
- Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Animal Experimentation Unit, UNEXA, Complex E, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Salas-Garrido
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Zootechny, Department of Pathology, UNAM, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
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Mendoza-Pérez S, García-Gómez RS, Ordaz-Nava G, Gracia-Mora MI, Macías-Rosales L, Morales-Rico H, Salas-Garrido G, Pérez-Armendáriz EM, Bustamante-García R, Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúa MDC. Consumption of sweeteners at different stages of life: effects on body mass, food and drink intake in male and female Wistar rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:935-946. [PMID: 33641591 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1888077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners has increased in the last decades. However, there are doubts about its consumption and its impact on body mass and metabolic alterations. For this reason, this study investigates the effects of the consumption of nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners on body mass in different life stages of male and female Wistar rats: Childhood, adolescence, young adult, adulthood, and aged. For this purpose, 8 groups of male and female rats were used (10 per group/gender): sucrose 10%, glucose 14%, fructose 7%, acesulfame K 0.05%, aspartame:acesulfame mixture 1.55%, sucralose 0.017%, saccharin 0.033%, and a control group. Only in aged male rats (504 days) there were significant differences in body mass. In both genders, there were differences in food, drink, and energy intake along all life stage. It is concluded that non-nutritive sweeteners when consumed together with a balanced diet did not cause a greater body mass gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mendoza-Pérez
- Laboratories of Environmental Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando Salvador García-Gómez
- Laboratories of Environmental Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Ordaz-Nava
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ''Salvador Zubirán" (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Héctor Morales-Rico
- Animal Experimentation Unit, Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Salas-Garrido
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elia Martha Pérez-Armendáriz
- Electrical Synapse Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
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Cedillo-Pelaéz C, Besné-Mérida A, Espinosa-Aviles D, Rico-Torres C, Salas-Garrido G, Correa D. Distribution of lesions and identification of parasites by immunohistochemistry in cases of acute toxoplasmosis in New World primates and prosimians in captivity in Mexico. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Tovar-Palacio C, Tovar AR, Torres N, Cruz C, Hernández-Pando R, Salas-Garrido G, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Correa-Rotter R. Proinflammatory gene expression and renal lipogenesis are modulated by dietary protein content in obese Zucker fa/fa rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 300:F263-71. [PMID: 20962115 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00171.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease. It is not clear whether the adoption of a high-protein diet in obese patients affects renal lipid metabolism or kidney function. Thus the aims of this study were to assess in obese Zuckerfa/fa rats the effects of different types and amounts of dietary protein on the expression of lipogenic and inflammatory genes, as well as renal lipid concentration and biochemical parameters of kidney function. Rats were fed different concentrations of soy protein or casein (20, 30, 45%) for 2 mo. Independent of the type of protein ingested, higher dietary protein intake led to higher serum triglycerides (TG) than rats fed adequate concentrations of protein. Additionally, the soy protein diet significantly increased serum TG compared with the casein diet. However, rats fed soy protein had significantly decreased serum cholesterol concentrations compared with those fed a casein diet. No significant differences in renal TG and cholesterol concentrations were observed between rats fed with either protein diets. Renal expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) and its target gene HMG-CoA reductase was significantly increased as the concentration of dietary protein increased. The highest protein diets were associated with greater expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the kidney, independent of the type of dietary protein. These results indicate that high soy or casein protein diets upregulate the expression of lipogenic and proinflammatory genes in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tovar-Palacio
- Department of Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutricion, S. Z. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico.
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