1
|
Christiansen DM, Römer G, Dahlgren JP, Borg M, Jones OR, Merinero S, Hylander K, Ehrlén J. High-resolution data are necessary to understand the effects of climate on plant population dynamics of a forest herb. Ecology 2024; 105:e4191. [PMID: 37878669 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Climate is assumed to strongly influence species distribution and abundance. Although the performance of many organisms is influenced by the climate in their immediate proximity, the climate data used to model their distributions often have a coarse spatial resolution. This is problematic because the local climate experienced by individuals might deviate substantially from the regional average. This problem is likely to be particularly important for sessile organisms like plants and in environments where small-scale variation in climate is large. To quantify the effect of local temperature on vital rates and population growth rates, we used temperature values measured at the local scale (in situ logger measures) and integral projection models with demographic data from 37 populations of the forest herb Lathyrus vernus across a wide latitudinal gradient in Sweden. To assess how the spatial resolution of temperature data influences assessments of climate effects, we compared effects from models using local data with models using regionally aggregated temperature data at several spatial resolutions (≥1 km). Using local temperature data, we found that spring frost reduced the asymptotic population growth rate in the first of two annual transitions and influenced survival in both transitions. Only one of the four regional estimates showed a similar negative effect of spring frost on population growth rate. Our results for a perennial forest herb show that analyses using regionally aggregated data often fail to identify the effects of climate on population dynamics. This emphasizes the importance of using organism-relevant estimates of climate when examining effects on individual performance and population dynamics, as well as when modeling species distributions. For sessile organisms that experience the environment over small spatial scales, this will require climate data at high spatial resolutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ditte M Christiansen
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gesa Römer
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Johan P Dahlgren
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Malin Borg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Owen R Jones
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sonia Merinero
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hylander
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Ehrlén
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jones OR, Barks P, Stott I, James TD, Levin S, Petry WK, Capdevila P, Che‐Castaldo J, Jackson J, Römer G, Schuette C, Thomas CC, Salguero‐Gómez R. Rcompadre and Rage—Two R packages to facilitate the use of the COMPADRE and COMADRE databases and calculation of life‐history traits from matrix population models. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iain Stott
- University of Southern Denmark Odense C Denmark
- School of Life Sciences University of Lincoln Lincoln UK
| | - Tamora D. James
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Western Bank Sheffield UK
| | - Sam Levin
- Helmholtz‐Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Leipzig Germany
| | - William K. Petry
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Pol Capdevila
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Judy Che‐Castaldo
- Alexander Center for Applied Population Biology Conservation & Science Department Lincoln Park Zoo Chicago Illinois USA
| | | | - Gesa Römer
- University of Southern Denmark Odense C Denmark
| | - Caroline Schuette
- Alexander Center for Applied Population Biology Conservation & Science Department Lincoln Park Zoo Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Chelsea C. Thomas
- Alexander Center for Applied Population Biology Conservation & Science Department Lincoln Park Zoo Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Roberto Salguero‐Gómez
- Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Rostock Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Paniw M, James TD, Ruth Archer C, Römer G, Levin S, Compagnoni A, Che-Castaldo J, Bennett JM, Mooney A, Childs DZ, Ozgul A, Jones OR, Burns JH, Beckerman AP, Patwary A, Sanchez-Gassen N, Knight TM, Salguero-Gómez R. The myriad of complex demographic responses of terrestrial mammals to climate change and gaps of knowledge: A global analysis. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:1398-1407. [PMID: 33825186 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 25% of mammals are currently threatened with extinction, a risk that is amplified under climate change. Species persistence under climate change is determined by the combined effects of climatic factors on multiple demographic rates (survival, development and reproduction), and hence, population dynamics. Thus, to quantify which species and regions on Earth are most vulnerable to climate-driven extinction, a global understanding of how different demographic rates respond to climate is urgently needed. Here, we perform a systematic review of literature on demographic responses to climate, focusing on terrestrial mammals, for which extensive demographic data are available. To assess the full spectrum of responses, we synthesize information from studies that quantitatively link climate to multiple demographic rates. We find only 106 such studies, corresponding to 87 mammal species. These 87 species constitute <1% of all terrestrial mammals. Our synthesis reveals a strong mismatch between the locations of demographic studies and the regions and taxa currently recognized as most vulnerable to climate change. Surprisingly, for most mammals and regions sensitive to climate change, holistic demographic responses to climate remain unknown. At the same time, we reveal that filling this knowledge gap is critical as the effects of climate change will operate via complex demographic mechanisms: a vast majority of mammal populations display projected increases in some demographic rates but declines in others, often depending on the specific environmental context, complicating simple projections of population fates. Assessments of population viability under climate change are in critical need to gather data that account for multiple demographic responses, and coordinated actions to assess demography holistically should be prioritized for mammals and other taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paniw
- Ecological and Forestry Applications Research Centre (CREAF), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tamora D James
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Ruth Archer
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gesa Römer
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sam Levin
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aldo Compagnoni
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judy Che-Castaldo
- Alexander Center for Applied Population Biology, Conservation & Science Department, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanne M Bennett
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Centre for Applied Water Science, Institute for Applied Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Andrew Mooney
- School of Natural Sciences, Zoology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dylan Z Childs
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Arpat Ozgul
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Owen R Jones
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jean H Burns
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew P Beckerman
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Abir Patwary
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Tiffany M Knight
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Compagnoni A, Levin S, Childs DZ, Harpole S, Paniw M, Römer G, Burns JH, Che-Castaldo J, Rüger N, Kunstler G, Bennett JM, Archer CR, Jones OR, Salguero-Gómez R, Knight TM. Herbaceous perennial plants with short generation time have stronger responses to climate anomalies than those with longer generation time. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1824. [PMID: 33758189 PMCID: PMC7988175 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to synthesize the state of our knowledge on plant responses to climate. The availability of open-access data provide opportunities to examine quantitative generalizations regarding which biomes and species are most responsive to climate drivers. Here, we synthesize time series of structured population models from 162 populations of 62 plants, mostly herbaceous species from temperate biomes, to link plant population growth rates (λ) to precipitation and temperature drivers. We expect: (1) more pronounced demographic responses to precipitation than temperature, especially in arid biomes; and (2) a higher climate sensitivity in short-lived rather than long-lived species. We find that precipitation anomalies have a nearly three-fold larger effect on λ than temperature. Species with shorter generation time have much stronger absolute responses to climate anomalies. We conclude that key species-level traits can predict plant population responses to climate, and discuss the relevance of this generalization for conservation planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Compagnoni
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sam Levin
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dylan Z Childs
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stan Harpole
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Paniw
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Gesa Römer
- Interdisciplinary Center on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jean H Burns
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Judy Che-Castaldo
- Alexander Center for Applied Population Biology, Conservation & Science Department, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nadja Rüger
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
- Department of Economics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Joanne M Bennett
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Applied Water Science, Institute for Applied Ecology, The University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia
| | - C Ruth Archer
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Owen R Jones
- Interdisciplinary Center on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | | | - Tiffany M Knight
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Römer G, Christiansen DM, Buhr H, Hylander K, Jones OR, Merinero S, Reitzel K, Ehrlén J, Dahlgren JP. Drivers of large‐scale spatial demographic variation in a perennial plant. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Römer
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop) University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
- Department of Biology University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
| | - Ditte M. Christiansen
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
| | - Hendrik Buhr
- Department of Medical Microbiology University Medical Center Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100 Utrecht3584 CXThe Netherlands
| | - Kristoffer Hylander
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
| | - Owen R. Jones
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop) University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
- Department of Biology University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
| | - Sonia Merinero
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences PO Box 7044 UppsalaSE‐750 07Sweden
| | - Kasper Reitzel
- Department of Biology University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
| | - Johan Ehrlén
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University StockholmSE‐106 91Sweden
| | - Johan P. Dahlgren
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop) University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
- Department of Biology University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense M5230Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salguero-Gómez R, Jones OR, Archer CR, Bein C, de Buhr H, Farack C, Gottschalk F, Hartmann A, Henning A, Hoppe G, Römer G, Ruoff T, Sommer V, Wille J, Voigt J, Zeh S, Vieregg D, Buckley YM, Che-Castaldo J, Hodgson D, Scheuerlein A, Caswell H, Vaupel JW. COMADRE: a global data base of animal demography. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:371-84. [PMID: 26814420 PMCID: PMC4819704 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The open‐data scientific philosophy is being widely adopted and proving to promote considerable progress in ecology and evolution. Open‐data global data bases now exist on animal migration, species distribution, conservation status, etc. However, a gap exists for data on population dynamics spanning the rich diversity of the animal kingdom world‐wide. This information is fundamental to our understanding of the conditions that have shaped variation in animal life histories and their relationships with the environment, as well as the determinants of invasion and extinction. Matrix population models (MPMs) are among the most widely used demographic tools by animal ecologists. MPMs project population dynamics based on the reproduction, survival and development of individuals in a population over their life cycle. The outputs from MPMs have direct biological interpretations, facilitating comparisons among animal species as different as Caenorhabditis elegans, Loxodonta africana and Homo sapiens. Thousands of animal demographic records exist in the form of MPMs, but they are dispersed throughout the literature, rendering comparative analyses difficult. Here, we introduce the COMADRE Animal Matrix Database, an open‐data online repository, which in its version 1.0.0 contains data on 345 species world‐wide, from 402 studies with a total of 1625 population projection matrices. COMADRE also contains ancillary information (e.g. ecoregion, taxonomy, biogeography, etc.) that facilitates interpretation of the numerous demographic metrics that can be derived from its MPMs. We provide R code to some of these examples. Synthesis: We introduce the COMADRE Animal Matrix Database, a resource for animal demography. Its open‐data nature, together with its ancillary information, will facilitate comparative analysis, as will the growing availability of databases focusing on other aspects of the rich animal diversity, and tools to query and combine them. Through future frequent updates of COMADRE, and its integration with other online resources, we encourage animal ecologists to tackle global ecological and evolutionary questions with unprecedented sample size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Salguero-Gómez
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Goddard building #8, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Owen R Jones
- Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - C Ruth Archer
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany.,MaxNetAging School, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, DE-18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Bein
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Hendrik de Buhr
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Claudia Farack
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Fränce Gottschalk
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Alexander Hartmann
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Anne Henning
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Gabriel Hoppe
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Gesa Römer
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Tara Ruoff
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Veronika Sommer
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Julia Wille
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Jakob Voigt
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeh
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Dirk Vieregg
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Yvonne M Buckley
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Goddard building #8, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Zoology & Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Judy Che-Castaldo
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, 1 Park Place, Annapolis, MD, 21401, USA
| | - David Hodgson
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Alexander Scheuerlein
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany
| | - Hal Caswell
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biology Department MS-34, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543-1050, USA
| | - James W Vaupel
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, Rostock, DE-18057, Germany.,Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Population Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0309, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori induces a strong motogenic response in infected gastric epithelial host cells, which is enhanced by translocation of the pathogenic factor cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) into host cells via a specialized type IV secretion system. Once injected into the cytosol CagA is rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated by Src family kinases followed by Src inactivation. Hence, it remained unknown why CagA is constantly phosphorylated in sustained H. pylori infections to induce cell migration, whereas other substrates of Src kinases are dephosphorylated. Here, we identify the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl as a crucial mediator of H. pylori-induced migration and novel CagA kinase in epithelial cells. Upon H. pylori infection c-Abl directly interacts with CagA and localizes in focal adhesion complexes and membrane ruffles, which are highly dynamic cytoskeletal structures necessary for cell motility. Selective inhibition of c-Abl kinase activity by STI571 or shRNA abrogates sustained CagA phosphorylation and epithelial cell migration, indicating a pivotal role of c-Abl in H. pylori infection and pathogenicity. These results implicate c-Abl as a novel molecular target for therapeutic intervention in H. pylori-related gastric diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Poppe
- Junior Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Hinney A, Lentes KU, Rosenkranz K, Barth N, Roth H, Ziegler A, Hennighausen K, Coners H, Wurmser H, Jacob K, Römer G, Winnikes U, Mayer H, Herzog W, Lehmkuhl G, Poustka F, Schmidt MH, Blum WF, Pirke KM, Schäfer H, Grzeschik KH, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J. Beta 3-adrenergic-receptor allele distributions in children, adolescents and young adults with obesity, underweight or anorexia nervosa. Int J Obes (Lond) 1997; 21:224-30. [PMID: 9080262 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The missense mutation (64Trp to 64Arg) in the beta 3-adrenergic-receptor has previously been described to confer a genetic predisposition to the development of obesity. DESIGN To test the hypothesis we evaluated allele frequencies in children, adolescents and young adults who belonged to different weight groups that were delineated with percentiles for the body mass index (BMI; kg/m2). SUBJECTS 99 underweight probands (BMI < or = 15th percentile). 80 normal weight probands (BMI: 5th-85th percentile). 238 obese children and adolescents (BMI > or = 97th percentile). 84 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). MEASUREMENTS The cohorts were screened by polymerase chain reaction with subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Data were statistically analysed for association. In addition to these case control studies, the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was applied to 80 families of obese probands and to 52 families of patients with AN. RESULTS Both the tests for association and linkage were negative. The Trp64Arg allele frequencies in the three weight groups (obesity: 0.071; normal weight: 0.081; underweight: 0.056) and the AN patients (0.054) were similar. Extremely obese individuals showed no excess of the Trp64Arg allele. No homozygotes for the Trp64Arg allele were detected. CONCLUSION Heterozygosity for the Trp64Arg allele is not of major importance in regulation of body weight in individuals younger than 35 y. Additionally, the extreme obese subgroup is not enriched for the polymorphism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universities of Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Römer G, Gresch H, Ettlinger G, Brown JV. Tactile recognition of laterally inverted mirror images by children: intermanual transfer and rotation of the palm. Perception 1986; 15:303-12. [PMID: 3797203 DOI: 10.1068/p150303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intermanual tactile recognition of laterally inverted mirror shapes was studied, with special reference to the role of the thumb. Children were allowed to feel the shapes either with the whole hand, with only four fingers (excluding the thumb), or with only the index finger. Intramanual recognition was also studied after rotation of the hand from the palm down/up to the palm up/down orientation. The thumb was found not to be important for intermanual mirror reversals, and only of limited importance for intramanual reversals. There was no evidence that coding with reference to the hand is of importance for either inter or intramamual reversals. The explanations for the two kinds of reversals are quite different.
Collapse
|
11
|
Römer G, Renner E. [Sensory and chemical changes of dried foods under the influence of extreme storage conditions. 1. Method of sensory evaluation (author's transl)]. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 1976; 160:149-54. [PMID: 946707 DOI: 10.1007/bf01259962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper described a method for the evaluation of sensory changes in the quality of dried foods, which have been stored under extreme conditions. The applied method is based on the 5 point DLG-scale, the structure of this scale has been adapted to the requirements of a methematical-statistical evaluation. In addition standard samples are provided as reference during the test.
Collapse
|
12
|
Renner E, Römer G. [Sensory and chemical changes of dried foods under the influence of extreme storage conditions. 2. Sensory changes (author's transl)]. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 1976; 160:155-65. [PMID: 946708 DOI: 10.1007/bf01259963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The sensory quality of dried infant foods is decreasing steadily during the storage under extreme conditions. Odor and taste are influenced to a higher degree than colour and consistency. A package with a high permeability for oxygen and water vapor has an unfavourable effect on the storability. The composition of the investigated products has no influence on the sensory estimation, but a significant influence on the storage behavior.
Collapse
|
13
|
Römer G, Renner E. [Sensory and chemical changes of dried foods under the influence of extreme storage conditions. 3. Chemical changes (authors transl)]. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 1976; 161:157-65. [PMID: 973457 DOI: 10.1007/bf01112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The content of free amino acids and free fatty acids of dried infant foods is clearly decreasing during the storage under extreme conditions, whilst the percentage composition of the fatty acids in the triglycerides remains nearly unchanged. The content of hydroxymethylfurfural is connected with the sensory changes. For the single foods as well a high increase as a strong decrease of the HMF-content can be combined with distinct sensory changes. The vitamin C-content decreases during the storage, the permeability of the packing material for oxygen and water vapor has an unfavourable effect. Furthermore the pH-value of the investigated products is lowered during the storage period.
Collapse
|
14
|
Römer G, Renner E. [Sensory and chemical changes of dried foods under the influence of extreme storage conditions. 4. Flavor compounds (authors transl)]. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 1976; 161:167-73. [PMID: 973458 DOI: 10.1007/bf01112861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
From dried infant foods stored under extreme conditions aroma compounds have been isolated analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results has been, that during the storage long chain aliphatic aldehydes are newly formed.--It is scarcely possible to attach the investigated chemical parameters (content of ascorbic acid, free amino acids and free fatty acids, hydroxymethylfurfural, pH-value) for the investigated products to a sensory impression.
Collapse
|
15
|
Renner E, Römer G. Zur Statistischen Auswertung des Tetraden-Tests. Eur Food Res Technol 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01810490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
16
|
Schmidt A, Römer G. [Treatment problems in adduction fractures of the femoral neck from the viewpoint of smaller hospitals]. Zentralbl Chir 1971; 96:19-24. [PMID: 5554815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|