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Cagnazzo F, Piotin M, Escalard S, Maier B, Ribo M, Requena M, Pop R, Hasiu A, Gasparotti R, Mardighian D, Piano M, Cervo A, Eker OF, Durous V, Sourour NA, Elhorany M, Zini A, Simonetti L, Marcheselli S, Paolo NN, Houdart E, Guédon A, Ligot N, Mine B, Consoli A, Lapergue B, Cordona Portela P, Urra X, Rodriguez A, Bolognini F, Lebedinsky PA, Pasco-Papon A, Godard S, Marnat G, Sibon I, Limbucci N, Nencini P, Nappini S, Saia V, Caldiera V, Romano D, Frauenfelder G, Gallesio I, Gola G, Menozzi R, Genovese A, Terrana A, Giorgianni A, Cappellari M, Augelli R, Invernizzi P, Pavia M, Lafe E, Cavallini A, Giossi A, Besana M, Valvassori L, Macera A, Castellan L, Salsano G, Di Caterino F, Biondi A, Arquizan C, Lebreuche J, Galvano G, Cannella A, Cosottini M, Lazzarotti G, Guizzardi G, Stecco A, Tassi R, Bracco S, Bianchini E, Micieli C, Pascarella R, Napoli M, Causin F, Desal H, Cotton F, Costalat V. European Multicenter Study of ET-COVID-19. Stroke 2020; 52:31-39. [PMID: 33222617 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.031514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion can be concurrent with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion in patients with COVID-19 are substantially unknown. Our aim was to study early outcomes after MT in patients with COVID-19. METHODS Multicenter, European, cohort study involving 34 stroke centers in France, Italy, Spain, and Belgium. Data were collected between March 1, 2020 and May 5, 2020. Consecutive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases with large vessel occlusion, who were treated with MT, were included. Primary investigated outcome: 30-day mortality. SECONDARY OUTCOMES early neurological improvement (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale improvement ≥8 points or 24 hours National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 0-1), successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade ≥2b), and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. RESULTS We evaluated 93 patients with COVID-19 with large vessel occlusion who underwent MT (median age, 71 years [interquartile range, 59-79]; 63 men [67.7%]). Median pretreatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score were 17 (interquartile range, 11-21) and 8 (interquartile range, 7-9), respectively. Anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke represented 93.5% of cases. The rate modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b to 3 was 79.6% (74 patients [95% CI, 71.3-87.8]). Thirty-day mortality was 29% (27 patients [95% CI, 20-39.4]). Early neurological improvement was 19.5% (17 patients [95% CI, 11.8-29.5]), and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was 5.4% (5 patients [95% CI, 1.7-12.1]). Patients who died at 30 days exhibited significantly lower lymphocyte count, higher levels of aspartate, and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase). After adjustment for age, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, and successful reperfusion, these biological markers remained associated with increased odds of 30-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio of 2.70 [95% CI, 1.21-5.98] per SD-log decrease in lymphocyte count, 2.66 [95% CI, 1.22-5.77] per SD-log increase in aspartate, and 4.30 [95% CI, 1.43-12.91] per SD-log increase in LDH). CONCLUSIONS The 29% rate of 30-day mortality after MT among patients with COVID-19 is not negligible. Abnormalities of lymphocyte count, LDH and aspartate may depict a patient's profiles with poorer outcomes after MT. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT04406090.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cagnazzo
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France (F. Cagnazzo, V. Costalat)
| | - Michel Piotin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France (M. Piotin, S.E., B. Maier)
| | - Simon Escalard
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France (M. Piotin, S.E., B. Maier)
| | - Benjamin Maier
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France (M. Piotin, S.E., B. Maier)
| | - Marc Ribo
- Stroke Unit, Neurology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (M. Ribo, M. Requena)
| | - Manuel Requena
- Stroke Unit, Neurology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (M. Ribo, M. Requena)
| | - Raoul Pop
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Strasbourg University Hospitals (R.P., A.H.)
| | - Anca Hasiu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Strasbourg University Hospitals (R.P., A.H.)
| | - Roberto Gasparotti
- Neuroradiology and Stroke Units, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy (R.G., D.M.)
| | - Dikran Mardighian
- Neuroradiology and Stroke Units, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy (R.G., D.M.)
| | - Mariangela Piano
- Department of Neuroradiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (M. Piano, A. Cervo)
| | - Amedeo Cervo
- Department of Neuroradiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy (M. Piano, A. Cervo)
| | - Omer Faruk Eker
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospices Civils, Lyon, France (O.F.E., V.D., F. Cotton)
| | - Vincent Durous
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospices Civils, Lyon, France (O.F.E., V.D., F. Cotton)
| | - Nader-Antoine Sourour
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (N.-A.S., M.E.)
| | - Mahmoud Elhorany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France (N.-A.S., M.E.)
| | - Andrea Zini
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (A.Z.), IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Simonetti
- Neuroradiology Unit (L.S.), IRCCS Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Marcheselli
- Neurologia d'Urgenza e Stroke Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy (S.M., N.N.P.)
| | - Nuzzi Nunzio Paolo
- Neurologia d'Urgenza e Stroke Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy (S.M., N.N.P.)
| | - Emmanuel Houdart
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Lariboisière, University of Paris, France (E.H., A. Guédon)
| | - Alexis Guédon
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Lariboisière, University of Paris, France (E.H., A. Guédon)
| | - Noémie Ligot
- Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (N. Ligot, B. Mine)
| | - Benjamin Mine
- Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (N. Ligot, B. Mine)
| | - Arturo Consoli
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Hôpital Foch Suresnes FR, University of Versailles Saint Quentin-en-Yvelines, France (A. Consoli, B.L.)
| | - Bertrand Lapergue
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Hôpital Foch Suresnes FR, University of Versailles Saint Quentin-en-Yvelines, France (A. Consoli, B.L.)
| | | | - Xabier Urra
- Comprehensive Stroke Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (X.U., A.R.)
| | - Alejandro Rodriguez
- Comprehensive Stroke Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (X.U., A.R.)
| | - Federico Bolognini
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, CHRU Colmar, France (F.B., P.A.L.)
| | | | - Anne Pasco-Papon
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Angers, France (A.P.-P.)
| | - Sophie Godard
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, France (S.G.)
| | - Gaultier Marnat
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, CHRU Bordeaux, France (G.M.)
| | - Igor Sibon
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University, CHRU Bordeaux; France (I.S.)
| | - Nicola Limbucci
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Florence, Italy (N. Limbucci, S.N.)
| | - Patrizia Nencini
- Stroke Unit, Ospedale Careggi-University Hospital, Firenze, Italy (P.N.)
| | - Sergio Nappini
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Florence, Italy (N. Limbucci, S.N.)
| | - Valentina Saia
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure (V.S., V. Caldiera)
| | - Valentina Caldiera
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure (V.S., V. Caldiera)
| | - Daniele Romano
- Department of Neuroradiology, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona" Hospital, Salerno, Italy (D.R., G.F.)
| | - Giulia Frauenfelder
- Department of Neuroradiology, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona" Hospital, Salerno, Italy (D.R., G.F.)
| | - Ivan Gallesio
- Department of Radiology, Azienda ospedaliera "SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy (I.G., G. Gola)
| | - Giuliano Gola
- Department of Radiology, Azienda ospedaliera "SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy (I.G., G. Gola)
| | - Roberto Menozzi
- Headache Centre, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy (R.M., A. Genovese)
| | - Antonio Genovese
- Headache Centre, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy (R.M., A. Genovese)
| | - Alberto Terrana
- Department of Neuroradiology, ASST Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy (A.T., A. Giorgianni)
| | - Andrea Giorgianni
- Department of Neuroradiology, ASST Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy (A.T., A. Giorgianni)
| | - Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy (M.C., R.A.)
| | - Raffaele Augelli
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy (M.C., R.A.)
| | - Paolo Invernizzi
- Neuroradiology and Neurology Units, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy (P.I., M. Pavia)
| | - Marco Pavia
- Neuroradiology and Neurology Units, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy (P.I., M. Pavia)
| | - Elvis Lafe
- Radiology, Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Policlinico IRCCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy (E.L.)
| | - Anna Cavallini
- Cerebrovascular Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy (A. Cavallini)
| | - Alessia Giossi
- SC Neurologia, Dipartimento Interaziendale Neuroscienze, Cremona, Italy (A. Giossi, M.B.)
| | - Michele Besana
- SC Neurologia, Dipartimento Interaziendale Neuroscienze, Cremona, Italy (A. Giossi, M.B.)
| | - Luca Valvassori
- Department of Neuroradiology, ASST Monza, Italy (L.V., A.M.)
| | - Antonio Macera
- Department of Neuroradiology, ASST Monza, Italy (L.V., A.M.)
| | - Lucio Castellan
- RCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italia (L.C., G.S.)
| | | | - Fortunato Di Caterino
- Department of Neuroradiology and Endovascular Therapy, Besancon, France (F.D.C., A.B.)
| | - Alessandra Biondi
- Department of Neuroradiology and Endovascular Therapy, Besancon, France (F.D.C., A.B.)
| | - Caroline Arquizan
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France (C.A.)
| | - Julien Lebreuche
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694-Santé Publique: Épidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, France (J.L.)
| | | | - Alfio Cannella
- ARNAS Garibaldi, Catania, Italy (G. Galvano, A. Cannella)
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Cisanello, Pisa, Italy (M.C., G.L.)
| | - Guido Lazzarotti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Cisanello, Pisa, Italy (M.C., G.L.)
| | | | | | - Rossana Tassi
- Interventional Neuroradiology and Stroke Units, Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy (R.T., S.B.)
| | - Sandra Bracco
- Interventional Neuroradiology and Stroke Units, Ospedale S. Maria delle Scotte-University Hospital, Siena, Italy (R.T., S.B.)
| | - Elena Bianchini
- Neuroradiology Unit, ASST West Milan, Legnano Hospital (E.B., C.M.)
| | - Camilla Micieli
- Neuroradiology Unit, ASST West Milan, Legnano Hospital (E.B., C.M.)
| | - Rosario Pascarella
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Santa Maria Nuova, Hospital Reggio Emilia (R.P. M.N.)
| | - Manuela Napoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Santa Maria Nuova, Hospital Reggio Emilia (R.P. M.N.)
| | - Francesco Causin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit and Stroke Unit, Padova, Italy (F. Causin)
| | - Hubert Desal
- Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Interventionnelle du CHU de Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - François Cotton
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospices Civils, Lyon, France (O.F.E., V.D., F. Cotton)
| | - Vincent Costalat
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France (F. Cagnazzo, V. Costalat)
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