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Cao Z, Li Y, Hitchman G, Qiu J, Zhang Q. Neural correlates underlying insight problem solving: Evidence from EEG alpha oscillations. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:2497-506. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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2
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Tu S, Jou J, Cui Q, Zhao G, Wang K, Hitchman G, Qiu J, Zhang Q. Category-selective attention interacts with partial awareness processes in a continuous manner: An fMRI study. Cogent Psychology 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2015.1046243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Tu
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Jerwen Jou
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas – Pan American, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Qian Cui
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Kangcheng Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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3
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Liu C, Chen Z, Wang T, Tang D, Hitchman G, Sun J, Zhao X, Wang L, Chen A. Predicting stroop effect from spontaneous neuronal activity: a study of regional homogeneity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124405. [PMID: 25938442 PMCID: PMC4418763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Stroop effect is one of the most robust and well-studied phenomena in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. However, little is known about the relationship between intrinsic brain activity and the individual differences of this effect. In the present study, we explored this issue by examining whether resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) signals could predict individual differences in the Stroop effect of healthy individuals. A partial correlation analysis was calculated to examine the relationship between regional homogeneity (ReHo) and Stroop effect size, while controlling for age, sex, and framewise displacement (FD). The results showed positive correlations in the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG), the left insula, the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC), and the medial frontal gyrus (MFG), and negative correlation in the left precentral gyrus (LPG). These results indicate the possible influences of the LIFG, the left insula, and the LPG on the efficiency of cognitive control, and demonstrate that the key nodes of default mode network (DMN) may be important in goal-directed behavior and/or mental effort during cognitive control tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Liu
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhencai Chen
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Dandan Tang
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangzhou Sun
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhao
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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4
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Tong D, Yang W, Zhang Q, Li W, Wei D, Che X, Zhang M, Hitchman G, Qiu J, Liu Y, Cao G. Association between regional white and gray matter volume and ambiguity tolerance: Evidence from voxel-based morphometry. Psychophysiology 2015; 52:983-9. [PMID: 25858427 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The concept of tolerance of ambiguity (AT) is defined as the way in which an individual tends to perceive and deal with confusing, vague, and unclear situations. AT is generally considered as an important personality trait, but the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in AT have never been investigated. Using voxel-based morphometry and MSTAT-II scale, we investigated the correlations between AT and regional white matter volume (rWMV) and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in 351 young healthy subjects. We found AT to be positively correlated with rGMV in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and negatively correlated with rGMV in the precuneus. These results indicate that increased rGMV in the left DLPFC may lead to characteristics of ambiguous stimuli consideration from multiple contexts and risk taking. Decreased rGMV in the left precuneus may be associated with a high tolerance for ambiguity, which attributes uncertainty to self-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenfu Li
- Mental Health Department of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianwei Che
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guikang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Wang L, Tang D, Zhao Y, Hitchman G, Wu S, Tan J, Chen A. Disentangling the impacts of outcome valence and outcome frequency on the post-error slowing. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8708. [PMID: 25732237 PMCID: PMC4346971 DOI: 10.1038/srep08708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-error slowing (PES) reflects efficient outcome monitoring, manifested as slower reaction time after errors. Cognitive control account assumes that PES depends on error information, whereas orienting account posits that it depends on error frequency. This raises the question how the outcome valence and outcome frequency separably influence the generation of PES. To address this issue, we varied the probability of observation errors (50/50 and 20/80, correct/error) the "partner" committed by employing an observation-execution task and investigated the corresponding behavioral and neural effects. On each trial, participants first viewed the outcome of a flanker-run that was supposedly performed by a 'partner', and then performed a flanker-run themselves afterwards. We observed PES in the two error rate conditions. However, electroencephalographic data suggested error-related potentials (oERN and oPe) and rhythmic oscillation associated with attentional process (alpha band) were respectively sensitive to outcome valence and outcome frequency. Importantly, oERN amplitude was positively correlated with PES. Taken together, these findings support the assumption of the cognitive control account, suggesting that outcome valence and outcome frequency are both involved in PES. Moreover, the generation of PES is indexed by oERN, whereas the modulation of PES size could be reflected on the alpha band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dandan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinfeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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6
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Wang X, Wang T, Chen Z, Hitchman G, Liu Y, Chen A. Functional connectivity patterns reflect individual differences in conflict adaptation. Neuropsychologia 2015; 70:177-84. [PMID: 25721566 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Individuals differ in the ability to utilize previous conflict information to optimize current conflict resolution, which is termed the conflict adaptation effect. Previous studies have linked individual differences in conflict adaptation to distinct brain regions. However, the network-based neural mechanisms subserving the individual differences of the conflict adaptation effect have not been studied. The present study employed a psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis with a color-naming Stroop task to examine this issue. The main results were as follows: (1) the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)-seeded PPI revealed the involvement of the salience network (SN) in conflict adaptation, while the posterior parietal cortex (PPC)-seeded PPI revealed the engagement of the central executive network (CEN). (2) Participants with high conflict adaptation effect showed higher intra-CEN connectivity and lower intra-SN connectivity; while those with low conflict adaptation effect showed higher intra-SN connectivity and lower intra-CEN connectivity. (3) The PPC-centered intra-CEN connectivity positively predicted the conflict adaptation effect; while the ACC-centered intra-SN connectivity had a negative correlation with this effect. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that conflict adaptation is likely supported by the CEN and the SN, providing a new perspective on studying individual differences in conflict adaptation on the basis of large-scale networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhencai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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7
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Li W, Li Y, Yang W, Zhang Q, Wei D, Li W, Hitchman G, Qiu J. Brain structures and functional connectivity associated with individual differences in Internet tendency in healthy young adults. Neuropsychologia 2015; 70:134-44. [PMID: 25698637 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Internet addiction (IA) incurs significant social and financial costs in the form of physical side-effects, academic and occupational impairment, and serious relationship problems. The majority of previous studies on Internet addiction disorders (IAD) have focused on structural and functional abnormalities, while few studies have simultaneously investigated the structural and functional brain alterations underlying individual differences in IA tendencies measured by questionnaires in a healthy sample. Here we combined structural (regional gray matter volume, rGMV) and functional (resting-state functional connectivity, rsFC) information to explore the neural mechanisms underlying IAT in a large sample of 260 healthy young adults. The results showed that IAT scores were significantly and positively correlated with rGMV in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, one key node of the cognitive control network, CCN), which might reflect reduced functioning of inhibitory control. More interestingly, decreased anticorrelations between the right DLPFC and the medial prefrontal cortex/rostral anterior cingulate cortex (mPFC/rACC, one key node of the default mode network, DMN) were associated with higher IAT scores, which might be associated with reduced efficiency of the CCN and DMN (e.g., diminished cognitive control and self-monitoring). Furthermore, the Stroop interference effect was positively associated with the volume of the DLPFC and with the IA scores, as well as with the connectivity between DLPFC and mPFC, which further indicated that rGMV variations in the DLPFC and decreased anticonnections between the DLPFC and mPFC may reflect addiction-related reduced inhibitory control and cognitive efficiency. These findings suggest the combination of structural and functional information can provide a valuable basis for further understanding of the mechanisms and pathogenesis of IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yadan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wenfu Li
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, PR China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cogn ition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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8
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Pan W, Wang T, Wang X, Hitchman G, Wang L, Chen A. Identifying the core components of emotional intelligence: evidence from amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations during resting state. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111435. [PMID: 25356830 PMCID: PMC4214743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional intelligence (EI) is a multi-faceted construct consisting of our ability to perceive, monitor, regulate and use emotions. Despite much attention being paid to the neural substrates of EI, little is known of the spontaneous brain activity associated with EI during resting state. We used resting-state fMRI to investigate the association between the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) and EI in a large sample of young, healthy adults. We found that EI was significantly associated with ALFFs in key nodes of two networks: the social emotional processing network (the fusiform gyrus, right superior orbital frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule) and the cognitive control network (the bilateral pre-SMA, cerebellum and right precuneus). These findings suggest that the neural correlates of EI involve several brain regions in two crucial networks, which reflect the core components of EI: emotion perception and emotional control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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9
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Tan J, Zhao Y, Wu S, Wang L, Hitchman G, Tian X, Li M, Hu L, Chen A. The temporal dynamics of visual working memory guidance of selective attention. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:345. [PMID: 25309377 PMCID: PMC4176477 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The biased competition model proposes that there is top-down directing of attention to a stimulus matching the contents of working memory (WM), even when the maintenance of a WM representation is detrimental to target relevant performance. Despite many studies elucidating that spatial WM guidance can be present early in the visual processing system, whether visual WM guidance also influences perceptual selection remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the electrophysiological correlates of early guidance of attention by WM in humans. Participants were required to perform a visual search task while concurrently maintaining object representations in their visual WM. Behavioral results showed that response times (RTs) were longer when the distractor in the visual search task was held in WM. The earliest WM guidance effect was observed in the P1 component (90–130 ms), with match trials eliciting larger P1 amplitude than mismatch trials. A similar result was also found in the N1 component (160–200 ms). These P1 and N1 effects could not be attributed to bottom-up perceptual priming from the presentation of a memory cue, because there was no significant difference in early event-related potential (ERP) component when the cue was merely perceptually identified but not actively held in WM. Standardized Low Resolution Electrical Tomography Analysis (sLORETA) showed that the early WM guidance occurred in the occipital lobe and the N1-related activation occurred in the parietal gyrus. Time-frequency data suggested that alpha-band event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) magnitudes increased under the match condition compared with the mismatch condition only when the cue was held in WM. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the reappearance of a stimulus held in WM enhanced activity in the occipital area. Subsequently, this initial capture of attention by WM could be inhibited by competing visual inputs through attention re-orientation, reflecting by the alpha-band rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China ; Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Li Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
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Li HJ, Sun JZ, Zhang QL, Wei DT, Li WF, Jackson T, Hitchman G, Qiu J. Neuroanatomical differences between men and women in help-seeking coping strategy. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5700. [PMID: 25027617 PMCID: PMC4099976 DOI: 10.1038/srep05700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Help seeking (HS) is a core coping strategy that is directed towards obtaining support, advice, or assistance as means of managing stress. Women have been found to use more HS than men. Neural correlates of sex differences have also been reported in prefrontal-limbic system (PLS) regions that are linked to stress and coping, yet structural differences between men and women relating to HS in the PLS are still unknown. Thus, the association between gray matter volume (GMV) and HS was investigated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in a large healthy sample (126 men and 156 women). Results indicated women reported more HS than men did. VBM results showed that the relation between HS scores and GMV differed between men and women in regions of the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex extending to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex(OFC/sgACC). Among women, higher HS scores were associated with smaller GMV in these areas while a positive correlation between GMV and HS scores was observed among men. These results remained significant after controlling for general intelligence, stress, anxiety and depression. Thus, this study suggested that structural differences between men and women are correlated to characteristic brain regions known to be involved in the PLS which is considered critical in stress regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jiang Li
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China [3]
| | - Jiang-Zhou Sun
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China [3]
| | - Qing-Lin Zhang
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dong-Tao Wei
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wen-Fu Li
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- 1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China [2] Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Abstract
In previous studies of the Ultimatum Game (UG), it has been found that proposers do not maximize self-interest by making extremely unfair offers, but instead make relatively fair offers. The main issue is whether or not the proposer's fair behavior is motivated by fear of rejection
or by a concern for fairness. We, therefore, conducted this study to examine the impact on the proposer's decision in the UG when information was obtained about the responder's minimum acceptable offer (MAO). The results show that a high percentage of the proposer's offers were close to the
MAO, indicating that fear of rejection, rather than concern for fairness, accounted for the proposer's positive offer. We also found that Machiavellian personality traits played an important role in the proposer's offering behavior. This indicated that fear of rejection may be more prominently
displayed by people scoring highly in Machiavellianism.
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13
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Abstract
Previous studies pay more attention to the cognitive control in classical cognitive conflict task but the time-course of the expectation violation in a social comparison context remains unknown. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to explore the electrophysiological correlates of expectation violation by using a reward feedback paradigm in a social comparison context. Results showed that: Expectation incongruent stimuli (EIS) elicited a more positive ERP deflection (P400-700) than did expectation congruent stimuli (ECS) between 400 and 700 ms. Furthermore, dipole source analysis revealed that the generator of P400-700 was localized near the posterior cingulate gyrus (PCC), which might be involved in the monitoring and controlling of reward expectation conflict (expectation violation). EIS also elicited a more negative ERP deflection (N1000-1500) than did ECS between 1,000 and 1,500 ms. The generator of N1000-1500 was localized near the parahippocampal gyrus, which might be related to unpleasant emotions induced by a lack of reward feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Du
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Yang W, Liu P, Wei D, Li W, Hitchman G, Li X, Qiu J, Zhang Q. Females and males rely on different cortical regions in Raven's Matrices reasoning capacity: evidence from a voxel-based morphometry study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93104. [PMID: 24667298 PMCID: PMC3965537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Raven's Matrices test (RMT) is a non-verbal test designed to assess individuals' ability to reason and solve new problems without relying extensively on declarative knowledge derived from schooling or previous experience. Despite a large number of behavioral studies that demonstrated gender differences in Raven's Matrices reasoning ability, no neural evidence supported this difference. In this study, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used in an attempt to uncover the gender-specific neural basis of Raven's Matrices reasoning ability as measured by the combined Raven's Matrices test (CRT) in 370 healthy young adults. The behavioral results showed no difference between males and females. However, the VBM results showed that the relationship between reasoning ability and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) differed between sexes. The association between CRT scores and rGMV in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (associated with visuospatial ability) was significantly greater in males than in females, whereas the reverse was true for the inferior frontal cortex (relating to verbal reasoning ability) and the medial frontal cortex (engaged in information binding) where the association was greater in females. These findings suggest that males and females use differently structured brains in different ways to achieve similar levels of overall Raven's Matrices reasoning ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiduo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenfu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Institute of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Wei D, Du X, Li W, Chen Q, Li H, Hao X, Zhang L, Hitchman G, Zhang Q, Qiu J. Regional gray matter volume and anxiety-related traits interact to predict somatic complaints in a non-clinical sample. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:122-8. [PMID: 24622213 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic complaints can be important features of an individual's expression of anxiety. Anxiety-related traits are also risk factors for somatic symptoms. However, it is not known which neuroanatomical mechanisms may be responsible for this relationship. In this study, our first step was to use voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approaches to investigate the neuroanatomical basis underlying somatic complaints in a large sample of healthy subjects. We found a significant positive correlation between somatic complaints and parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) volume adjacent to the entorhinal cortex. Further analysis revealed that the interaction between PHG volume/entorhinal cortex and neuroticism-anxiety (N-Anx) predicted somatic complaints. Specifically, somatic complaints were associated with higher N-Anx for individuals with increased PHG volume. These findings suggest that increased PHG volume and higher trait anxiety can predict vulnerability to somatic complaints in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue Du
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenfu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haijiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Glenn Hitchman
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China and Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zhao Y, Tang D, Hu L, Zhang L, Hitchman G, Wang L, Chen A. Concurrent working memory task decreases the Stroop interference effect as indexed by the decreased theta oscillations. Neuroscience 2014; 262:92-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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