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Jung KH, Kim SE, Go HG, Lee YJ, Park MS, Ko S, Han BS, Yoon YC, Cho YJ, Lee P, Lee SH, Kim K, Hong SS. Synergistic Renoprotective Effect of Melatonin and Zileuton by Inhibition of Ferroptosis via the AKT/mTOR/NRF2 Signaling in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:599-610. [PMID: 37183002 PMCID: PMC10616517 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent evidence, ferroptosis is a major cell death mechanism in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and fibrosis. Despite the renoprotective effects of classical ferroptosis inhibitors, therapeutic approaches targeting kidney ferroptosis remain limited. In this study, we assessed the renoprotective effects of melatonin and zileuton as a novel therapeutic strategy against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis. First, we identified RSL3-induced ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial HK-2 and HKC-8 cells. Lipid peroxidation and cell death induced by RSL3 were synergistically mitigated by the combination of melatonin and zileuton. Combination treatment significantly downregulated the expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins, 4-HNE and HO-1, and upregulated the expression of GPX4. The expression levels of p-AKT and p-mTOR also increased, in addition to that of NRF2 in renal tubular epithelial cells. When melatonin (20 mg/kg) and zileuton (20 mg/kg) were administered to a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, the combination significantly reduced tubular injury and fibrosis by decreasing the expression of profibrotic markers, such as α-SMA and fibronectin. More importantly, the combination ameliorated the increase in 4-HNE levels and decreased GPX4 expression in UUO mice. Overall, the combination of melatonin and zileuton was found to effectively ameliorate ferroptosis-related kidney injury by upregulating the AKT/mTOR/ NRF2 signaling pathway, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for protection against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Jung
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyeol Go
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ji Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Han
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Yoon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Cho
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Pureunchowon Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Kipyo Kim
- Divison of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
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Shim KH, Go HG, Bae H, Jeong DE, Kim D, Youn YC, Kim S, An SSA, Kang MJ. Corrigendum: Decreased Exosomal Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Plasma of Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:726525. [PMID: 34305578 PMCID: PMC8296840 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.726525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hwan Shim
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Gyeol Go
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Heewon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da-Eun Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Danyeong Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kang
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Shim KH, Go HG, Bae H, Jeong DE, Kim D, Youn YC, Kim S, An SSA, Kang MJ. Decreased Exosomal Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Plasma of Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:665400. [PMID: 34122043 PMCID: PMC8193230 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.665400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles produced from various cell types, contain a variety of molecular constituents, such as proteins, lipids, and RNA. Recently, exosomal biomarkers have been investigated to probe the understanding and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders. Previous reports have demonstrated increased exosomal α-synuclein (α-syn) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in comparison to healthy controls (HC). Interestingly, the cholinergic loss was revealed in the central and peripheral nervous systems in histopathology and molecular neuroimaging. Thereby, we simultaneously examined acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with α-syn as exosomal markers. Exosomes were isolated from the plasma of 34 FP-CIT PET proven patients with PD and 29 HC. Exosomal α-syn and AChE activity were quantified andthe relationship with clinical parameters was analyzed. Remarkably, exosomal AChE activity was significantly decreased in PD compared to HC (P = 0.002). Moreover, exosomal AChE activity in PD revealed a strong negative correlation with disease severity, including H&Y (P = 0.007) and UPDRS part III (P = 0.047) scores. By contrast, no significant difference in exosomal α-syn concentration was observed between groups. These results support the occurrence of cholinergic dysfunction in PD, and they could be implicated with disease progression, especially motor deficits. Exosomal AChE activity with advanced exosome isolation techniques may be a reliable biomarker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hwan Shim
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Gyeol Go
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Heewon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da-Eun Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Danyeong Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kang
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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