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Watanabe S, Nakane K, Kitahara Y, Nishihara N, Nomura H, Fukase F, Uno K, Kondo T, Ueyama J. Density predictive model for an outbreak in adult female Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Japan. J Med Entomol 2024; 61:418-426. [PMID: 38157310 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
We developed a predictive model for activities and outbreaks of female Aedes albopictus Skuse, using meteorological data. The number of Ae. albopictus collected from human bait-sweep net collection (h-BNC) surveillance, conducted by the local government between 2010 and 2019 in Japan, was adopted as a mosquito-activity indicator. The best model was composed of the backward cumulative and backward moving mean of meteorological data (parameters that were measured daily include mean, maximum, and minimum temperature, mean humidity, amount of precipitation, maximum wind speed, and sunshine hours). The root mean squared error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2) of the best model for the test set, which was not included in the training dataset, were 1.33 and 0.74, respectively. The best model was applied to predict the number of Ae. albopictus obtained from our own h-BNC surveillance in Okazaki City, Japan. RMSE and R2 of the results were 1.17 and 0.92, respectively. The present model, using publicly available meteorological values, can predict the collection number of adult Ae. albopictus using h-BNC surveillance thereby providing information to control mosquito activities and outbreaks. Therefore, it may be possible to mitigate the risk of mosquito-borne infections and secondary adverse effects of mosquito bites, such as infectious impetigo and deterioration of the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | | | - Yugo Kitahara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - Nanami Nishihara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Fukase
- Okazaki City Public Health Center, Okazaki 444-8545, Japan
| | - Kohei Uno
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kondo
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shubun University, Ichinomiya 491-0938, Japan
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
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Nomura H, Iwasaki H, Nomura S, Tanaka Y. Simultaneous herpes zoster rash in the femoral and medial buttock region that illustrates the innervation zone of the dorsal ramus of the lumbar spinal nerve root: A case report. J Orthop Sci 2024; 29:399-401. [PMID: 35691877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Nomura Orthopaedic Clinic, Address: 4-8-1 Ayaragihon-machi, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 751-0849 Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Address: 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Wakayama 641-8509 Japan
| | - Shigeharu Nomura
- Nomura Orthopaedic Clinic, Address: 4-8-1 Ayaragihon-machi, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 751-0849 Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Tanaka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan, Address: 3-2-5 Wagou-machi, Yamagata, Yamagata 990-8510 Japan
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Miyagami Y, Honshuku Y, Nomura H, Minami M, Hitora-Imamura N. Evaluation of behavioural selection processes in conflict scenarios using a newly developed mouse behavioural paradigm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20006. [PMID: 37973835 PMCID: PMC10654709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Selecting an appropriate behaviour is critical for survival in conflict scenarios, wherein animals face both appetitive and aversive stimuli. Behavioural selection consists of multiple processes: (1) animals remain quiet in a safe place to avoid aversive stimuli (suspension), (2) once they decide to take risks to approach appetitive stimuli, they assess the risks (risk assessment), and (3) they act to reach the reward. However, most studies have not addressed these distinct behavioural processes separately. Here, we developed a new experimental paradigm called the three-compartment conflict task to quantitatively evaluate conflict processes. Our apparatus consisted of start, flat, and grid compartments. Mice needed to explore the grid compartment, where they might receive foot shocks while trying to obtain sucrose. Applying foot shocks increased sucrose acquisition latency in subsequent trials, reflecting elevated conflict levels throughout trials. The time spent in the start compartment and the number of retreats were determined to measure the conflict levels in suspension and risk assessment, respectively. Foot shocks increased these parameters, whereas diazepam decreased them. Our new paradigm is valuable for quantitatively evaluating distinct behavioural processes and contributes to developing effective treatments for psychiatric disorders associated with maladaptive behaviours in conflict scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurika Miyagami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuki Honshuku
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
- Department of Cognitive Function & Pathology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Natsuko Hitora-Imamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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Hieda M, Futami S, Tanaka H, Moriyama S, Masui S, Kisanuki M, Hatakeyama K, Irie K, Yokoyama T, Fukata M, Arita T, Maruyama T, Nomura H, Akashi K. Natural history of severe aortic stenosis in elderly heart failure patients who declined transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established minimally invasive treatment for elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Although it is a relatively minimally invasive procedure, many elderly patients cannot undergo TAVI due to advanced age, advanced dementia, significantly impaired ADL, or because the patient or family does not wish to undergo TAVI. In general, severe AS patients died 5 years after an angina attack, 3 years after syncope symptoms, and 2 years after heart failure symptoms. However, few studies have investigated the prognosis of elderly patients with severe AS who declined TAVI.
Purpose
This study aimed to comprehend the natural history of elderly severe AS patients who declined aortic valve intervention and identify risk factors for death in the TAVI era.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 2,786 echocardiographic data from our hospital between 2017 and 2021. We identified 504 patients with AS in the echocardiography database. The severe AS was defined by the following echocardiography parameters: peak aortic flow velocity ≥4.0 m/s, aortic valve mean gradient ≥40 mmHg, aortic valve area (AVA)<1.0 cm2, or AVA index<0.6 cm2/m2. Patients with mild and moderate AS and patients who underwent surgical or transcatheter aortic valve intervention were excluded. Eventually, 82 patients fulfilled the study criteria and were analyzed in this study. Clinical events were investigated, and Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to elucidate risk factors for mortality.
Results
The mean age was 89±6 years, and 63 (77%) were women. AHA/ACC classification was Stage A/B/C/D: 0%/52.4%/39.0%/8.5%. As event occurrence, we detected 34 (41.5%) all-cause deaths, 41 (50.0%) major adverse cardiovascular events, 32 (39.0%) development of heart failure, 13 (15.9%) chest pain attacks, and 3 (3.7%) syncope. The time from diagnosis of severe AS to all-cause death was 227±273 days, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 61.5%, 46.2%, and 36.9%, respectively. Of the heart failure-onset population, 16 (50.0%) were found to have severe AS on initial heart failure admission. The incidence of heart failure at 1, 2, and 3 years after diagnosis of severe AS was 60.1%, 56.7%, and 45.4%, respectively. The time from heart failure to death was 107±147 days. Cox proportional hazards analysis adjusted with age, sex, comorbidities revealed that dementia (HR 4.5, P=0.014) and Katz index <5 (HR7.8, P=0.009) were independent risk factors for mortality.
Conclusions
Compared to the comprehension of the natural history of AS patients, the prognosis in severe AS patients who declined TAVI was extremely poor. Although the elderly patients did not have a high rate of angina attacks or syncope symptoms, probably due to their reduced ADL, the results suggest that dementia prevention and maintenance of exercise tolerance are essential since dementia and reduced ADL (Katz<5) are independent risk factors for mortality.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Clinical Research Promotion Foundation Reiwa 2 Michinari Hieda
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hieda
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - S Futami
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - H Tanaka
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - S Masui
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - M Kisanuki
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | | | - K Irie
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - T Yokoyama
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - M Fukata
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - T Arita
- Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - T Maruyama
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Haradoi Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - K Akashi
- Kyushu University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
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Ichimura T, Ogawa C, Murata H, Miyahara K, Yuge S, Tsukioka R, Kado K, Yoshimura T, Suzuki K, Nomura H, Shimizu H. Community pharmacists' measurement of health-related quality of life in outpatients taking high-risk drugs. Pharmazie 2022; 77:202-206. [PMID: 35751159 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients experiencing severe side effects when taking high-risk drugs may have a significantly reduced health-related quality of life (QOL); therefore, it is important to identify changes in the health-related QOL in these patients. This study aimed to determine the health-related QOL in community pharmacy outpatients taking high-risk drugs. This prospective observational study was conducted in 29 community pharmacies with 71 pharmacists in 12 regions and cities in Japan from October to December 2020 and 760 patients were enrolled. Using descriptive questionnaires of EuroQOL-5-dimensions-5-levels (EQ-5D-5L), community pharmacists obtained health-related QOL data from outpatients taking high-risk drugs. The mean health-related QOL of all outpatients was 0.869. The health-related QOL decreased with increasing age. The outpatient health-related QOL was 0.700, 0.763, 0.785, and 0.817 when taking antiepileptic, antidepressant, digitalis, and antiarrhythmic drugs, respectively, which was lower than the average health-related QOL of all outpatients. Mobility and pain/ discomfort accounted for a large proportion of the decline in the health-related QOL with increasing age. There were no significant differences in personal care with increasing age; however, the number of outpatients with mobility, normal activity, and pain challenges decreased with age. In contrast, outpatients aged <65 years with anxiety/depression showed a lower than overall average health-related QOL. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Japan to report an investigation by community pharmacists regarding health-related QOL assessment in outpatients taking high-risk drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ichimura
- Study group for Comprehensive Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacotherapy, Koto-ku, Tokyo; Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
| | - C Ogawa
- Study group for Comprehensive Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacotherapy, Koto-ku, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacy, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Meguro-ku, Tokyo
| | - H Murata
- Study group for Comprehensive Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacotherapy, Koto-ku, Tokyo; QOL Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo
| | | | - S Yuge
- Nihon Chouzai Co., Ltd., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
| | - R Tsukioka
- AIN PHARMACIEZ INC., Sapporo city, Hokkaido
| | - K Kado
- KRAFT Inc., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
| | | | - K Suzuki
- Division of Applied Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
| | - H Nomura
- Department of Date Science / Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa city, Chiba
| | - H Shimizu
- Study group for Comprehensive Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacotherapy, Koto-ku, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto-ku, Tokyo; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, Showa University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan;,
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Hirano K, Morishita Y, Minami M, Nomura H. The impact of pitolisant, an H 3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, on perirhinal cortex activity in individual neuron and neuronal population levels. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7015. [PMID: 35551460 PMCID: PMC9098477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a neurotransmitter that modulates neuronal activity and regulates various brain functions. Histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists/inverse agonists enhance its release in most brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, which improves learning and memory and exerts an antiepileptic effect. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of H3R antagonists/inverse agonists on cortical neuronal activity in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show the mechanism by which pitolisant, an H3R antagonist/inverse agonist, influenced perirhinal cortex (PRh) activity in individual neuron and neuronal population levels. We monitored neuronal activity in the PRh of freely moving mice using in vivo Ca2+ imaging through a miniaturized one-photon microscope. Pitolisant increased the activity of some PRh neurons while decreasing the activity of others without affecting the mean neuronal activity across neurons. Moreover, it increases neuron pairs with synchronous activity in excitatory-responsive neuronal populations. Furthermore, machine learning analysis revealed that pitolisant altered the neuronal population activity. The changes in the population activity were dependent on the neurons that were excited and inhibited by pitolisant treatment. These findings indicate that pitolisant influences the activity of a subset of PRh neurons by increasing the synchronous activity and modifying the population activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Hirano
- Endowed Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Morishita
- Endowed Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Endowed Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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Nomura H, Hamada R, Wada K, Saito I, Nishihara N, Kitahara Y, Watanabe S, Nakane K, Nagata C, Kondo T, Kamijima M, Ueyama J. Temporal trend and cross-sectional characterization of urinary concentrations of glyphosate in Japanese children from 2006 to 2015. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 242:113963. [PMID: 35364446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past two decades, domestic shipments of glyphosate (Gly), in the form of an ionic salt, have been increasing steadily in Japan. This increase has raising concerns about the effects of chemical exposure on children. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified Gly as a "probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A)" in 2015. The purpose of the current study was to analyze Gly in urine samples of Japanese children to determine temporal changes, seasonal changes, and gender differences. METHOD First-morning urine samples were obtained from 50 Japanese children (4-6-year-old) in October of 2006, 2011, and 2015 (total = 150) to investigate the temporal trends in urinary Gly concentrations. Additionally, first-morning urine samples were collected from 3-year-old children in August-September of 2012 (summer; n = 42) and in February of 2013 (winter; n = 42) to investigate the seasonal and gender differences, and the correlations between urinary Gly concentrations and insecticide exposure biomarkers. Urine samples were analyzed to measure for Gly using a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS Detectable Gly concentrations were found in 41% of the 234 children. The 75th percentile and maximum concentrations of urinary Gly were 0.20 and 1.33 μg/L, respectively. The urinary Gly concentration in 2015 was significantly higher than in 2006, suggesting that the Gly exposure levels have been increasing. No seasonal or gender-specific differences in urinary Gly concentrations were observed, and no correlation with insecticide exposure biomarkers was found. CONCLUSION This study revealed that Gly exposure trends show an increase between 2006 and 2015, and that season and gender were not the exposure-determining factors. Overall, urinary concentrations of Gly were comparable with studies from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Risa Hamada
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Nanami Nishihara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Yugo Kitahara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Satoru Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Nakane
- Okazaki City Public Health Center, 2-1-1 Wakamiya-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8545, Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kondo
- Division of Interactive Medical and Healthcare Systems, Field of Healthcare Informatics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kamijima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, 461-8673, Japan.
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Yamauchi N, Sato K, Sato K, Murakawa S, Hamasaki Y, Nomura H, Amano T, Minami M. Chronic pain-induced neuronal plasticity in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis causes maladaptive anxiety. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabj5586. [PMID: 35476439 PMCID: PMC9045713 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The comorbidity of chronic pain and mental dysfunctions such as depression and anxiety disorders has long been recognized, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, using a mouse model of neuropathic pain, we demonstrated neuronal plasticity in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), which plays a critical role in chronic pain-induced maladaptive anxiety. Electrophysiology demonstrated that chronic pain increased inhibitory inputs to lateral hypothalamus (LH)-projecting BNST neurons. Chemogenetic manipulation revealed that sustained suppression of LH-projecting BNST neurons played a crucial role in chronic pain-induced anxiety. Furthermore, using a molecular genetic approach, we demonstrated that chronic pain elevated the excitability of a specific subpopulation of BNST neurons, which express cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). The elevated excitability of CART-positive neurons caused the increased inhibitory inputs to LH-projecting BNST neurons, thereby inducing anxiety-like behavior. These findings shed light on how chronic pain induces psychiatric disorders, characterized by maladaptive anxiety.
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Kitahara Y, Nomura H, Nishihara N, Ueda T, Watanabe S, Saito I, Ueyama J. [Survey of Arsenic/Heavy Metals and Pesticide Residues in Edible Insects for Human Consumption or Supplied in Japan]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2022; 63:136-140. [PMID: 36047089 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.63.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, and Cu) and pesticide residues in 14 edible insects were investigated. The maximum levels of elements were 6.15 for As, 0.82 for Cd, 0.50 for Hg, 0.67 for Pb, and 297.7 ppm for Cu. Fenobucarb (or BPMC) has been quantified through GC- and LC-MS/MS analysis at a concentration of approximately 3 ppm. Further studies of the contaminants may help ensure the safety of edible insect consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Kitahara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Nanami Nishihara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takuya Ueda
- Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences
| | - Satoru Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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Nomura H, Amano T. [Practices and challenges of online laboratory work in pharmacology]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2021; 156:335-337. [PMID: 34719564 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.21039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory work is an essential part of natural science education because it provides students with a valuable opportunity to experience practical scientific research firsthand. In laboratory work in pharmacology, students generally learn about biological mechanisms and drug action mechanisms by analyzing drug actions using laboratory animals. Actual experience with hands and eyes is an important factor in the laboratory work. Under the COVID-19 epidemic, however, we were forced to conduct the laboratory work online. For the laboratory work using isolated organs, we used simulation software, in which students can examine effects of a range of drugs on the smooth muscle within the guinea pig ileum. For the behavioral observation practice, we showed the video of the experiments conducted by the instructors beforehand to the students, and asked them to observe and analyze the behavior. In this review, we will share our challenges to online laboratory work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University.,Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Taiju Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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Nomura H. [Histamine signaling restores retrieval of forgotten memories]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2021; 156:292-296. [PMID: 34470934 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.21049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is a biological amine that functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain to regulate arousal, appetite, and cognitive functions. Many pharmacological studies using histamine receptor agonists and antagonists have found that histamine promotes memory consolidation and retrieval. More recently, we have revealed that the activation of the brain histaminergic system by H3R antagonists/inverse agonists restores retrieval of forgotten long-term memory in mice and humans. The recovery of memory retrieval may involve histamine-induced excitatory effects. Histamine may increase neuronal excitability throughout the neural circuit, including both neurons that are and are not recruited into the memory trace, similar to noise added to the neural circuits for memory retrieval. Stochastic resonance can explain how adding noise to the circuit enhances memory retrieval. Memory is processed not only by consolidation and retrieval, but also by various processes such as maintenance, reconsolidation, extinction, and reinstatement. Further studies that separately analyze the memory processes are needed to elucidate the whole picture of the effects of histamine on learning and memory. Regarding the human histaminergic system, alterations in histamine signaling have been reported in several neuropsychiatric disorders, and these changes have been suggested to be involved in cognitive dysfunction in patients with the neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, the drugs that modulate histamine signaling, including H3R antagonists/inverse agonists, may be effective in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
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Nomura H. [Autonomous mouse behavioral experiments]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2021; 156:312. [PMID: 34470937 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.21048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ichimura T, Nomura H, Shimizu H, Machida Y, Suzuki K. Cost-effectiveness of primary prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia with pegfilgrastim in docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil therapy for esophageal cancer. Pharmazie 2021; 76:450-454. [PMID: 34481537 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2021.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The efficacy of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy in treating esophageal cancer has been reported. However, febrile neutropenia (FN) is a potentially serious adverse event of DCF therapy with an incidence of 10 to 40%. Pegfilgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), has been shown to have a primary prophylactic role in FN. However, it has been suggested that excessive use of expensive G-CSF should be avoided. Therefore, we performed a cost-utility analysis of primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim. Design: Cost-effectiveness analysis using decision tree modelling. Methods: We used a decision tree analysis model based on the report of primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim. Based on a previous study, the FN incidence rate was set at 40.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 11.9-68.1) for the pegfilgrastim group and 43.5% (95%CI: 21.6-65.4) for the no pegfilgrastim group. The FN treatment cost was US$726.63, and the duration of FN was 3.65±1.20 days. The utility value of patients who received DCF therapy was 0.643, and the change in utility value at FN onset was -0.15. Expected cost, quality-adjusted life year (QALY), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated, and cost-utility analysis was performed. Results: The ICER of pegfilgrastim was 184,976.75 USD/QALY. As a result of sensitivity analysis, the utility of FN had the greatest impact on the cost-effectiveness analysis, followed by the drug cost of pegfilgrastim. Conclusion: Primary prophylaxis of FN with pegfilgrastim might not be cost-effectiveness. In determining whether to administer pegfilgrastim it is necessary to consider patient factors, not just the incidence of FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ichimura
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Department of Date Science/Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, Showa University, Japan
| | - Y Machida
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, Showa University, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- Division of Applied Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan;,
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Abstract
In pharmacological studies conducted on animals over the last four decades, histamine was determined to be a strong modulator of learning and memory. Activation of histamine signaling enhances memory consolidation and retrieval. Even long after learning and forgetting, it can still restore the retrieval of forgotten memories. These findings based on animal studies led to human clinical trials with histamine H3 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists, which revealed their positive effects on learning and memory. Therefore, histamine signaling is a promising therapeutic target for improving cognitive impairments in patients with various neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. While the memory-modulatory effects of histamine receptor agonists and antagonists have been confirmed by several research groups, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes how the activation and inhibition of histamine signaling influence memory processes, introduces the cellular and circuit mechanisms, and discusses the relationship between the human histaminergic system and learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Rintaro Shimizume
- Department of Cognitive Function and Pathology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Nomura H, Nomura S. Simultaneous herpes zoster rash in the upper extremity and interscapular region that resembles innervation zone of the dorsal ramus of the cervical nerve root: a case report. AME Case Rep 2021; 5:25. [PMID: 34312604 DOI: 10.21037/acr-21-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In daily medical practice, scapular pain associated with cervical radiculopathy is commonly seen prior to the onset of pain of the upper extremity; however, the cause of the scapular pain is uncertain. We report a case of herpes zoster with simultaneous skin rash in both the upper extremity and interscapular region, which corresponds to the painful scapular region in case of C8 cervical radiculopathy. A 71-year-old healthy woman complained of shoulder and scapular pain followed by a blistering skin rash on both the ulnar side of her upper extremity and intrascapular region on the right side. She was diagnosed with herpes zoster and was prescribed amenamevir as oral treatment with vidarabine ointment. After 1 year, she still had mild causalgia on her III-V fingers and needed oral treatment with pregabalin. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a herpes zoster rash in the upper extremity and intrascapular region simultaneously. We speculate that the rash in the two regions is caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV) traveling from the same ganglion, probably the C8 ganglion, considering the dermatome of the rash area in the upper extremity and the intrascapular region correspond to the innervation zone of the medial branches of the dorsal ramus of the cervical nerve root, which resembles the scapular region in case of cervical radiculopathy. This phenomenon implies the mechanism of scapular pain is related to cervical radiculopathy. Further case reports are needed to confirm this.
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Nomura H. [Behavioral analysis with machine learning]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2021; 156:250. [PMID: 34193706 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.21034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Fujii H, Fujisawa Y, Mizushima I, Zoshima T, Kawano M, Nomura H. POS0527 ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY (AKI) IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA). Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Methotrexate has been an anchor drug for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it is strictly prohibited to prescribe MTX to patients with severely decreased renal function because it can induce a fatal adverse event such as pancytopenia in these patients. On the other hand, since the average age of RA patients is gradually increasing, and many of them already have mildly to moderately impaired renal function, their renal function can easily decrease to below the critical level of the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Therefore, new development of acute kidney injury (AKI) during MTX administration might induce a fatal adverse event, making the identification of patients susceptible to AKI very important.Objectives:To clarify the frequency of AKI and the factors involved in it in RA patients.Methods:Two hundred and fifty-two RA patients (211 females, 41 males, mean age 62.3 ± 12.5 years, disease duration 11.0 ± 9.5 years) diagnosed more than 3 years earlier and followed for more than 5 years, and also, others diagnosed ≥3 years earlier but followed for ≤5 years were enrolled. We measured BUN, Cr, RF and aCCP in patient serum, urinary proteins, urinary blood, and urinary casts and evaluated CDAI, SDAI, disease activity score (DAS) 28-CRP and DAS28-ESR. Steinbrocker functional classification and radiological grading were evaluated. History of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia was determined from the medical records. Medications for RA, including non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), prednisolone, csDMARD (MTX, Tacrolimus, etc.), bDMARDs and tsDMARDs were evaluated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the new Japanese coefficient-modified Modification of Diet in Renal disease (MDRD) study equation. The criteria of AKI were that serum Cr increased by 0.3 mg /dl or increased by 1.5-fold between consecutive visits according to the KIDIGO criteria 1) and the report of Leither et al2).Results:Twenty (7.9%) patients developed AKI, 22 times. The causes of AKI were 10 infections, 6 dehydrations, 2 enteritis, 1 urticaria, 2 hypercalcemia due to VitD administration, and 1 ureteral stone. We divided our patients into group A (with AKI) and group B (without AKI). Group A was older (69.9±10.1 vs 61.7±12.6 years), had greater physician VAS (29.5±27.7 vs 15.7±18.3 mm), higher serum creatinine (0.79±0.19 vs 0.60±0.16 mg/dl), higher BUN (18.4±5.7 vs 15.1±4.4 mg/dl), lower eGFR(65.5±23.3 vs 86.4±22.4 ml/min), more frequent prednisolone administration (75.0% vs 41.9%), more frequent hyperlipidemia (50.0% vs 19.2%) and more frequent hypertension (60.0% vs 30.6%) than Group B by univariate analysis significantly (p<0.01). We then performed multifactorial analysis using logistic regression analysis. Greater physician VAS (OR 1.02, 1.00-1.04), lower eGFR (OR 1.04, 1.01-1.08) and prednisolone administration (OR 3.29, 1.02-10.63) were found as independent relevant factors for group A.Conclusion:Our study indicated that AKI developed in RA patients and suggested that renal function decline and prednisolone administration may be implicated. RA patients with impaired renal function and prednisolone administration need to be treated with special attention to the onset of AKI.References:[1]Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl 2: 1-138, 2012[2]Leither MD, Murphy DP, Bicknese L et al. The impact of outpatient acute kidney injury on mortality and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 34:493-501, 2019Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Nomura H, Iwato K, Fujiwara M, Takano Y, Arima J. The Efficacy of Imatinib Mesylate in the Treatment of a Rare Lytic Bone Lesion Caused by Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2021; 10:e0126. [PMID: 32224679 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.19.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CASE We report a patient with hypereosinophilia-associated massive osteolytic lesion of the sacrum who was admitted to our hospital. Genetic analysis revealed that atypical eosinophilic cells were positive for FIP1-like-1-platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (FIP1L1-PDGFRA) fusion gene. Treatment was initiated with oral administration of imatinib mesylate. The patient responded rapidly to this medication with a marked reduction in eosinophilia both from the peripheral blood and FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene in the bone marrow within 2 weeks, followed by gradual osteosclerotic repair of the sacrum. CONCLUSIONS This case study found that the drug imatinib proved very effective in the treatment of this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Iwato
- Department of Hematology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Megumu Fujiwara
- Department of Pathology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yugo Takano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junichi Arima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Saegusa H, Nomura H, Takao M, Hamaguchi T, Yoshida M, Kodama Y. Development and validation of an analysis method for pesticide residues by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in Daikenchuto. J Nat Med 2021; 75:344-360. [PMID: 33389591 PMCID: PMC7902578 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Daikenchuto (DKT) is one of the most widely used “Kampo” in Japan as a representative of herbal medicine. Because DKT is made from a natural product like food, it requires the management of pesticides; therefore, an analysis of residual pesticides in Kampo is required. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that pesticide residue analysis by the U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) is required. USP defines 107 compounds containing organochlorine pesticides and organophosphorus pesticides and their metabolites, which have a high residual risk. Accordingly, to guarantee the safety of herbal medicines according to global standards is a very important issue. In this study, we developed an analytical method for 91 compounds, which are listed in USP, using DKT as the subject. The method could extract pesticides from DKT with acetone, elute pesticides with acetonitrile using a SepPak C18 column (5 g) and with ethyl acetate using a DSC-NH2 column (2 g), and perform simultaneous analyses by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). This method, which could quantify 88 compounds, was validated according to USP. A pesticide residue analysis method that meets USP requirements enables the analysis of pesticide residues with a high residue risk and contributes to improving the safety of “Kampo” and other herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Saegusa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan. .,CMC Research and Development Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- CMC Research and Development Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Masaki Takao
- CMC Research and Development Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Takashi Hamaguchi
- CMC Research and Development Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Metabolomics Research, Department of Internal Medicine Related, Kobe University Graduate School Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuzo Kodama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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Nomura H, Hamada R, Saito I, Nakane K, Sawa R, Ukai M, Shibata E, Sato M, Kamijima M, Ueyama J. Optimization and validation of a highly sensitive method for determining glyphosate in human urine by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry: a methodological study. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:83. [PMID: 33308136 PMCID: PMC7733614 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate and its salt formulations are nonselective herbicides that have been extensively used worldwide, both for residential and agricultural purposes. The possible carcinogenicity and teratogenicity of glyphosate remain to be elucidated. We developed a sensitive and high-throughput analytical method for urinary glyphosate using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with the aim of contributing to glyphosate exposure assessment in epidemiological studies. METHODS After urine dilution (creatinine matching dilution to 0.05 g creatinine/L), glyphosate was extracted using two types of solid phase extraction columns (SCX and NH2) with automated sample preparation instruments. The eluate was dried and dissolved in the mobile phase, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The optimized method was applied to urine samples obtained from 54 Japanese adults and children. RESULTS The results from the validation study demonstrated good recoveries (91.0-99.6%), within- and between-run precisions (< 15%), low detection limits (0.1 μg/L), and lower limit of quantification (0.3 μg/L). The detection frequency and median concentration of the urinary glyphosate in Japanese subjects were 59% and 0.25 μg/L (0.34 μg/g creatinine). CONCLUSIONS Our reliable determination method was successful in measuring urinary glyphosate concentration. Moreover, this is the first biomonitoring report of urinary glyphosate levels in the Japanese general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Risa Hamada
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Nakane
- Okazaki City Public Health Center, 2-1-1 Wakamiya-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8545, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Sawa
- The Association for Preventive Medicine of Japan, 1-19-10 Mouri, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0001, Japan
| | - Miwa Ukai
- The Association for Preventive Medicine of Japan, 1-19-10 Mouri, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0001, Japan
| | - Eiji Shibata
- Aichi Medical University Health Service, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sato
- Department of Host Defense Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kamijima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan.
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Nomura H, Nomura S. Sacral fatigue fracture in a young girl with no history of trauma or reported athletic activity: a case report. AME Case Rep 2020; 4:27. [PMID: 33178999 DOI: 10.21037/acr-20-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Sacral fatigue fractures in the young population usually occur due to repetitious physical strain from vigorous athletic activity; they are extremely rare in those younger than 13 years without intense physical activity. We report a case of sacral fatigue fracture in a healthy elementary school girl without any history of trauma or excessive athletic activity. A healthy 11-year-old girl experienced sudden low back pain upon standing after a short break in a normal running exercise for physical education at school. At her first orthopaedic visit, she was unable to walk independently and was limping on her left leg. Neurological examination revealed that the left straight leg raising test was positive at 80 degrees with associated left buttock pain but without motor and sensory deterioration. Radiological examination showed no obvious fractures in the lumbar vertebrae or pelvis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated high intensity signal changes on the short tau inversion recovery image of the left ala, and sacral fatigue fracture in the left ala was diagnosed. She was instructed to rest at home and allowed minimal walking with a crutch under endurable pain for 4 weeks. Within 3 weeks, her low back pain gradually reduced, and after 4 weeks, she could walk independently without gait pain. Sacral fatigue fractures should be considered in the diagnosis of young patients who present with unexplained low back pain.
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Rodriguez-Romaguera J, Ung RL, Nomura H, Otis JM, Basiri ML, Namboodiri VM, Zhu X, Robinson JE, van den Munkhof HE, McHenry JA, Eckman LE, Kosyk O, Jhou TC, Kash TL, Bruchas MR, Stuber GD. Prepronociceptin-Expressing Neurons in the Extended Amygdala Encode and Promote Rapid Arousal Responses to Motivationally Salient Stimuli. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108362. [PMID: 33176134 PMCID: PMC8136285 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivational states consist of cognitive, emotional, and physiological components controlled by multiple brain regions. An integral component of this neural circuitry is the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). Here, we identify that neurons within BNST that express the gene prepronociceptin (PnocBNST) modulate rapid changes in physiological arousal that occur upon exposure to motivationally salient stimuli. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging, we find that PnocBNST neuronal responses directly correspond with rapid increases in pupillary size when mice are exposed to aversive and rewarding odors. Furthermore, optogenetic activation of these neurons increases pupillary size and anxiety-like behaviors but does not induce approach, avoidance, or locomotion. These findings suggest that excitatory responses in PnocBNST neurons encode rapid arousal responses that modulate anxiety states. Further histological, electrophysiological, and single-cell RNA sequencing data reveal that PnocBNST neurons are composed of genetically and anatomically identifiable subpopulations that may differentially tune rapid arousal responses to motivational stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Rodriguez-Romaguera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Randall L. Ung
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - James M. Otis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Marcus L. Basiri
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Vijay M.K. Namboodiri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Xueqi Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - J. Elliott Robinson
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Hanna E. van den Munkhof
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Jenna A. McHenry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Louisa E.H. Eckman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Oksana Kosyk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Thomas C. Jhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Thomas L. Kash
- Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA
| | - Michael R. Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology & Biomedical Sciences; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Garret D. Stuber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 72599, USA,Correspondence:
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Hara R, Asaoka Y, Takahashi D, Nomura H, Amano T, Minami M. Disappearance of the inhibitory effect of neuropeptide Y within the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in rats with chronic pain. Neurosci Lett 2020; 728:134958. [PMID: 32278943 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We recently showed that the mesolimbic dopaminergic system was tonically suppressed during chronic pain by enhanced corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) signaling within the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBNST), and that inhibition of intra-dlBNST CRF signaling restored the mesolimbic dopaminergic system function. Specifically, bilateral intra-dlBNST injections of the CRF type 1 receptor antagonist NBI27914 increased intra-nucleus accumbens dopamine release and induced reward-related behaviors in rats with chronic pain. Here, we used a conditioned place preference (CPP) test to explore whether intra-dlBNST injections of neuropeptide Y (NPY) restored the mesolimbic reward system function in chronic pain rats, because we previously showed that NPY had an effect opposite to that of CRF in dlBNST neurons. Specifically, CRF depolarized type II dlBNST neurons whereas NPY hyperpolarized them. However, unexpectedly, intra-dlBNST NPY injections had no effect on CPP test outcomes. Then, we compared the effects of NPY on the membrane potentials of type II dlBNST neurons of sham-operated control rats and those of chronic pain animals. Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology revealed that NPY hyperpolarized type II dlBNST neurons in the sham-operated group. By contrast, in the chronic pain group, NPY did not hyperpolarize, but rather depolarized, type II dlBNST neurons. These results indicate that NPY no longer hyperpolarizes type II dlBNST neurons in rats with chronic pain, therefore it does not reverse the excitatory effects of CRF. This may be why intra-dlBNST injections of NPY into chronic pain rats did not exhibit a rewarding effect in the CPP test, whereas intra-dlBNST injections of NBI27914 did. This is the first study to demonstrate a chronic pain-induced neuroplastic change in NPY signaling in the dlBNST. Such a change may be involved in the dysfunction of the mesolimbic reward system under the chronic pain condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuto Hara
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuta Asaoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Daiki Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Taiju Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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Zoshima T, Hara S, Mizushima I, Nishioka R, Ito K, Fujii H, Yamada K, Nomura H, Kawano M. Wire-loop lesion is associated with serological immune abnormality, but not renal prognosis, in lupus nephritis. Lupus 2020; 29:407-412. [PMID: 32041502 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320905652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wire-loop lesion (WL) is one of the active lesions of lupus nephritis (LN). However, few reports have focused on the clinicopathological relationships of WL to serological immune abnormality and renal prognosis. METHODS We enrolled 126 Japanese LN patients subjected to renal biopsy in 11 hospitals from 2000 to 2018. In patients with class III or IV of the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society classification, we retrospectively compared clinicopathological findings between those with WL (WL+ group) and without WL (WL- group) to detect factors associated with WL. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73m2 for more than three months. We also compared these findings between those with CKD (CKD+ group) and without CKD (CKD- group) at the last visit to investigate factors associated with renal prognosis. RESULTS Of 126 patients, 100 (79.4%) were classified as class III or IV. WL was found in 36 (36.0%) of them. Although the renal function did not differ, the WL+ group had a higher titre of serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and lower serum complement 3 levels than the WL- group. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant association only between anti-dsDNA antibodies and WL (β = 0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.001-0.100, p = 0.01). Of these patients, 69 were tracked for 59.6 ± 55.1 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no difference in renal prognosis between these groups. Next, the CKD+ group included 15 (22.1%) patients. They were older and had higher frequencies of hypertension and hyperuricaemia, serum creatinine (Cr) level, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial inflammation, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy than the CKD- group at the time of renal biopsy. The frequency of WL was not significantly different. Cox regression analysis revealed significant associations of CKD with hypertension, hyperuricaemia, serum Cr level at the time of renal biopsy clinically and with tubular atrophy histologically. CONCLUSIONS WL was associated with serum anti-dsDNA antibodies but not with renal prognosis, suggesting that WL reflects immune abnormality but is not an independent factor predictive of renal prognosis in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zoshima
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - S Hara
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - I Mizushima
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - R Nishioka
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Ito
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H Fujii
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Yamada
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Department of General Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - M Kawano
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
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25
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Toshima S, Kurihara Y, Wang EHC, Nomura H, Hayashi Y, Christiano AM, Amagai M, Umegaki-Arao N. Authors' reply to: Comment on the article by Dr. Toshima about alopecia areata multiplex following autologous dermal micrograft injection. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e222-e223. [PMID: 31903625 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Toshima
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kurihara
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E H C Wang
- Departments of Dermatology and Genetics & Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - H Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A M Christiano
- Departments of Dermatology and Genetics & Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Umegaki-Arao
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Even after memories fade they may persist latently in the brain. However, there are no clinically applicable methods for reactivating memory traces and promoting memory retrieval. In the brain histamine modulates learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, feeding, drinking, and neuroendocrine functions. Animal studies demonstrated that histamine H<sub>3</sub> receptor inverse agonists enhance histamine release in the brain and promote learning and memory. In particular, the H<sub>3</sub> receptor inverse agonists induce recall of forgotten memories-possibly by facilitating reactivation of memory engram cells. Therefore, H<sub>3</sub> receptors are a promising targets for treating cognitive dysfunction. While past clinical trials failed to find beneficial effects of H<sub>3</sub> receptor inverse agonists on learning and memory, a recent study showed that inverse agonists enhance memory retrieval in a participant-dependent manner. This review describes the brain's histaminergic system and the modulation of learning and memory by histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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27
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Yunokawa M, Takahashi S, Aoki D, Yonemori K, Hara H, Hasegawa K, Takehara K, Harano K, Nomura H, Noguchi E, Horie K, Ogasawara A, Okame S, Doi T. First-in-human phase I study of TAS-117, an allosteric AKT inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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28
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Nakawaza M, Arashi H, Nomura H, Kawada-Watanabe E, Ogiso M, Sekiguchi H, Yamaguchi J, Ogawa H, Hagiwara N. P824The clinical impact of polyunsaturated fatty acid on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome with dyslipidemia: HIJ-PROPER sub-analysis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially omega-3 and -6 series, are key essential nutrients that play an important role in humans to maintain cell membranes and function. A recent randomized trial reported that adding eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to statins was beneficial to cardiovascular disease patients who had a residual risk factor. Further, several studies have reported that the low baseline value for EPA to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio is related to worse clinical outcome and plaque vulnerability in coronary artery disease patients. However, effects of baseline EPA/AA ratio on clinical outcomes in ACS patients have not been thoroughly evaluated.
Objectives
This study aimed to examine the impact of baseline eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid (EPA/AA) ratio on clinical outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and how lipid-lowering therapy affects serum EPA/AA levels in these patients.
Methods
This is a sub-analysis of HIJ-PROPER assessing the effect of aggressive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering treatment with pitavastatin+ezetimibe in 1,734 ACS patients with dyslipidemia. Patients were divided into two groups based on EPA/AA level on admission (cut-off: 0.34 μg/mL; median of baseline EPA/AA level) and clinical outcomes were examined.
Results
Percent reduction of LDL-C from baseline to follow-up and mean LDL-C level during follow-up were similar regardless of baseline EPA/AA ratio. In the low EPA/AA group, the Kaplan–Meier estimate for the primary endpoint at 3 years was 27.2% in the pitavastatin+ezetimibe group, compared with 36.6% in the pitavastatin-monotherapy group [hazard ratio (HR), 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52–0.93; P=0.015). However, in the high EPA/AA group, there was no significant reduction in the primary endpoint by pitavastatin+ezetimibe therapy (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.70–1.20; P=0.52).
Conclusions
Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy with ezetimibe had a positive effect on clinical outcomes in the low EPA/AA group of ACS patients with dyslipidemia, but not in the high EPA/AA group. This effect was independent of LDL-C reduction and suggests that EPA/AA measurement on admission in ACS patients contributes to a “personalized” lipid-lowering approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakawaza
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Arashi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Kawada-Watanabe
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ogiso
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Sekiguchi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Yamaguchi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hagiwara
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Tsukamoto K, Suzuki A, Shiga T, Sakai MW, Tanaka Y, Kouno E, Osada A, Matsuura J, Hayashi N, Nagara K, Ogiso MW, Nomura H, Kikuchi N, Hagiwara N. P3541Change in left ventricular ejection fraction and outcome in heart failure patients with mid-range ejection fraction: from the HIJ-HF prospective study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Heart failure (HF) is categorized on the basis of the eft ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The European Society of Cardiology has proposed mid-range EF (HFmrEF) as a new category of HF that includes patients with an LVEF of 40–49%. However, the clinical characteristics, change in LVEF following treatment, and outcome of patients with HFmrEF remain clear.
Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study of Japanese hospitalized HF patients between 2015 and 2018 at a single-center (HIJ-HF III). HFmrEF was defined as 40–49% of LVEF on echocardiography at admission. We followed these patients and performed echocardiography to assess LVEF per year after hospital discharge. Clinical outcome was death from any cause.
Methods and results
We studied 138 patients with HFmrEF (median age 71 years, 69% male). They had 32% of ischemic heart disease, 9% of New York Heart Association functional class III or IV at discharge. During median follow-up of 20 [13–28] months, we assessed change in LVEF for 110 patients with HFmrEF. One year after hospital discharge, 49 patients (44%) improved LVEF (≥50%) and 21 patients (19%) reduced LVEF (<40%). HFmrEF patients who reduced LVEF (<40%) were significantly higher mortality rate than those who improved LVEF (≥50%) (14% vs. 2%, p<0.05) (Figure).
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that 44% of HFmrEF patients improved LVEF following treatment but 19% patients reduced LVEF. Reduced LVEF was associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsukamoto
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Suzuki
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Shiga
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M W Sakai
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Kouno
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Osada
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Matsuura
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hayashi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Nagara
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M W Ogiso
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Kikuchi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hagiwara
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Ogido M, Nomura H, Nakawaza M, Kawada-Watanabe E, Sekiguchi H, Arashi H, Yamaguchi J, Ogawa H, Hagiwara N. P830Differences in the usefulness of aggressive lipid-lowering therapy among single-vessel and multi-vessel coronary artery disease patients: HIJ-PROPER sub-study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with multi-vessel disease (MVD) are at high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Previous study, examining stable atherosclerotic cardiac disease, reported that aggressive lipid-lowering therapy was more beneficial in MVD patients than in single-vessel disease (SVD) patients. However, no report has investigated the effects of aggressive lipid-lowering treatment according to the number of diseased coronary arteries in ACS patients.
Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the efficacy of aggressive lipid-lowering therapy in ACS patients with MVD and SVD in modern early invasive strategy era.
Methods
The study population was derived from the HIJ-PROPER study, in which, ACS patients with dyslipidemia were randomized to pitavastatin + ezetimibe therapy (targeting LDL-C less than 70mg/dl) or pitavastatin-monotherapy (targeting LDL-C less than 90mg/dl). In the present study, the treatment efficacy was compared between patients with MVD and SVD. The primary end point was a composite of major advanced cardiovascular events (MACEs), including all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, and ischemia driven revascularization.
Results
We identified 1702 eligible patients (mean age, 65.6 years; male, 75.6%); 869 patients (51.1%) had MVD and 833 (48.9%) patients had SVD. The rate of acute revascularization was 96.2%. The incidence of MACEs was significantly higher in MVD group compared to SVD group (43.7% vs 25.9%, hazard ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.65–2.31, p<0.001). In MVD group, there was no significant difference in MACEs between pitavastatin + ezetimibe therapy and pitavastatin-monotherapy group. (43.5% vs. 43.9%, 1.0, 0.82–1.23; p=0.95). However, in SVD group, pitavastatin + ezetimibe therapy showed significantly fewer MACEs than pitavastatin-monotherapy (34.6% vs. 47.4%, 0.72, 0.55–0.94, p=0.02). (Figure)
Conclusion
This study showed that ACS patients with SVD enjoyed significantly greater benefits from pitavastatin + ezetimibe therapy compared with pitavastatin monotherapy, whereas the patients with MVD did not. High rate of revascularization in acute phase of ACS might affect the efficacy of aggressive lipid-lowering therapy and our results in the present study suggest different treatment approach would be necessary in ACS patients with MVD in modern early invasive strategy era.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ogido
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakawaza
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Kawada-Watanabe
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Sekiguchi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Arashi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Yamaguchi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hagiwara
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
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Tachibana K, Kobashi M, Sugimoto S, Nomura H, Ouchida M, Morizane S. 371 The expression of p19 and EBI3 in epidermal keratinocytes under the stimulation with inflammatory cytokines. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Nomura H, Mizuta H, Norimoto H, Masuda F, Miura Y, Kubo A, Kojima H, Ashizuka A, Matsukawa N, Baraki Z, Hitora-Imamura N, Nakayama D, Ishikawa T, Okada M, Orita K, Saito R, Yamauchi N, Sano Y, Kusuhara H, Minami M, Takahashi H, Ikegaya Y. Central Histamine Boosts Perirhinal Cortex Activity and Restores Forgotten Object Memories. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:230-239. [PMID: 30635130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A method that promotes the retrieval of lost long-term memories has not been well established. Histamine in the central nervous system is implicated in learning and memory, and treatment with antihistamines impairs learning and memory. Because histamine H3 receptor inverse agonists upregulate histamine release, the inverse agonists may enhance learning and memory. However, whether the inverse agonists promote the retrieval of forgotten long-term memory has not yet been determined. METHODS Here, we employed multidisciplinary methods, including mouse behavior, calcium imaging, and chemogenetic manipulation, to examine whether and how the histamine H3 receptor inverse agonists, thioperamide and betahistine, promote the retrieval of a forgotten long-term object memory in mice. In addition, we conducted a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in healthy adult participants to investigate whether betahistine treatment promotes memory retrieval in humans. RESULTS The treatment of H3 receptor inverse agonists induced the recall of forgotten memories even 1 week and 1 month after training in mice. The memory recovery was mediated by the disinhibition of histamine release in the perirhinal cortex, which activated the histamine H2 receptor. Histamine depolarized perirhinal cortex neurons, enhanced their spontaneous activity, and facilitated the reactivation of behaviorally activated neuronal ensembles. A human clinical trial revealed that treatment of H3 receptor inverse agonists is specifically more effective for items that are more difficult to remember and subjects with poorer performance. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight a novel interaction between the central histamine signaling and memory engrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Mizuta
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Norimoto
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Masuda
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Miura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayame Kubo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kojima
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aoi Ashizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Matsukawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zohal Baraki
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Hitora-Imamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoe Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Okada
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Orita
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoki Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamauchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yamato Sano
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka, Japan
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Toshima S, Kurihara Y, Wang E, Nomura H, Hayashi Y, Christiano A, Amagai M, Umegaki‐Arao N. Alopecia areata multiplex following autologous dermal micrograft injection for treatment of androgenetic alopecia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e397-e399. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Toshima
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Kurihara
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - E.H.C. Wang
- Departments of Dermatology and Genetics & Development Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - H. Nomura
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Hayashi
- Department of Pathology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - A.M. Christiano
- Departments of Dermatology and Genetics & Development Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - M. Amagai
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Umegaki‐Arao
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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Nomura H, Yamashita A, Watanabe T, Shirasawa K. Quantitative analysis of indirect decompression in extreme lateral interbody fusion and posterior spinal fusion with a percutaneous pedicle screw system for lumbar spinal stenosis. J Spine Surg 2019; 5:266-272. [PMID: 31380481 PMCID: PMC6626744 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2019.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors sought to quantify the results of clinical and radiological analyses of extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) plus percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) by focusing on the distinct mechanism of indirect decompression. METHODS Data obtained from a total of 37 patients with 47 surgical sites were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical outcomes for all patients were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the improvement rate of the JOA score. Preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance images were used to measure the transverse areas of both the dural sac (DS area) and ligamentous flavum (LF area) in the axial sections and the length of the intervertebral disc bulge (DB length) in sagittal sections. Then, the rate of change (RC) of the DS area (RC-DS), the RC of the LF area (RC-LF), and the RC of the DB length (RC-DB) from the preoperative period to the postoperative period were calculated. Furthermore, we divided all surgical sites into the small expansion group (SE group; RC-DS <150%) and large expansion group (LE group; RC-DS ≥200%) according to the degree of RC-DS. RESULTS Preoperative clinical symptoms improved significantly after surgery for all patients regardless of whether the RC-DS was large or small. RC-DS, RC-LF, and RC-DB were approximately 203%, 74%, and 37%, respectively. Moreover, we found that the bulging was significantly shorter in the LE group than in the SE group, although there was no difference in the RC-LF between the LE group and SE group. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that indirect decompression after XLIF is particularly influenced by the degree of reduction in DB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Nomura Orthopaedic Clinic, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Akihisa Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kenzo Shirasawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Nomura H, Sugimoto S, Morizane S. 548 Serine protease activities in the stratum corneum of patients with atopic dermatitis are associated with the pathogenesis and the severity of Th2 inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nomura H, Teshirogi C, Nakayama D, Minami M, Ikegaya Y. Prior observation of fear learning enhances subsequent self-experienced fear learning with an overlapping neuronal ensemble in the dorsal hippocampus. Mol Brain 2019; 12:21. [PMID: 30871580 PMCID: PMC6419346 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Information from direct experience and observation of others is integrated in the brain to enable appropriate responses to environmental stimuli. Fear memory can be acquired by observing a conspecific’s distress. However, it remains unclear how prior fear observation affects self-experienced fear learning. In this study, we tested whether prior observation of a conspecific receiving contextual fear conditioning affects subsequent self-experienced fear conditioning and how neuronal ensembles represent the integration of the observation and self-experience. Test mice observed demonstrator mice experiencing fear conditioning on day 1 and directly experienced fear conditioning on day 2. Contextual fear memory was tested on day 3. The prior observation of fear conditioning promoted subsequent self-experienced fear conditioning in a hippocampus-dependent manner. We visualized hippocampal neurons that were activated during the observation and self-experience of fear conditioning and found that self-experienced fear conditioning preferentially activated dorsal CA1 neurons that were activated during the observation. When mice observed and directly experienced fear conditioning in different contexts, preferential reactivation was not observed in the CA1, and fear memory was not enhanced. These findings indicate that dorsal CA1 neuronal ensembles that were activated during both the observation and self-experience of fear learning are implicated in the integration of observation and self-experience for strengthening fear memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi 6, Kita 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan. .,Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Chie Teshirogi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi 6, Kita 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Suzuki C, Hirai I, Nomura H, Ouchi T, Okayama M, Okamoto S, Amagai M, Tanese K, Takahashi H. Gamma-delta T cell large granular lymphocyte leukaemia with multiple cutaneous nodules that showed spontaneous regression. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 33:e134-e137. [PMID: 30444933 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Hirai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Ouchi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Okayama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Tanese
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nomura H, Sekine M, Yokoyama S, Takeshima N, Arai M, Nakamura S. Clinical background and outcomes of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy for patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in Japan. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy436.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Minami S, Nomura H, Minami M. Exposure to hot and cold environments increases noradrenaline release in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in rats. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2018; 38:214-218. [PMID: 30341818 PMCID: PMC7292319 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Thermoregulatory responses in homeothermic animals, including humans, are classified into involuntary autonomous and voluntary behavioral thermoregulatory responses. Although behavioral thermoregulatory responses are probably driven by positive (pleasant) and/or negative (unpleasant) emotions, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the induction of negative emotions by hot and cold environments remain poorly understood. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis is a brain region implicated in stress responses and negative emotions, such as fear, anxiety, and aversion. Various stimuli that cause negative emotions, such as immobilization stress, fox odor, gastric distension, and inflammatory pain, increase noradrenaline release in the rat bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, especially in the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. It has been reported that the negative emotional component of pain is mediated by noradrenergic neurotransmission in the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. However, the role of intra-ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis noradrenergic neurotransmission in the induction of negative emotion by exposure to hot and cold environments remains to be elucidated. For the first step to address this issue, the effects of hot and cold environments on noradrenaline release in the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis were examined. METHODS In vivo microdialysis analyses in unanesthetized, freely moving male Sprague-Dawley rats were performed to examine hot and cold environments-induced noradrenaline release in the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. RESULTS Exposure to hot (38°C) and cold (8°C) environments significantly increased noradrenaline release in the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that exposure to hot and cold environments enhances noradrenergic neurotransmission in the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, which may induce negative emotion, and thereby drive avoidance behaviors, that is, escape from hot and cold environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Nomura H, Kurihara Y, Saito M, Fukushima A, Shintani Y, Shiiyama R, Toshima S, Kamata A, Yamagami J, Funakoshi T, Kameyama K, Amagai M, Kubo A, Umegaki-Arao N. Azathioprine-induced alopecia and leukopenia associated with NUDT15 polymorphisms. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e386-e389. [PMID: 29704867 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Y Kurihara
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - M Saito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - A Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Y Shintani
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - R Shiiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - S Toshima
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - A Kamata
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - J Yamagami
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - T Funakoshi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - K Kameyama
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - M Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - A Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - N Umegaki-Arao
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Morizane S, Nomura H, Tachibana K, Nakagawa Y, Iwatsuki K. The synergistic activities of the combination of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-17A and interferon-γ in epidermal keratinocytes. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:496-498. [PMID: 29432653 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Morizane
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - H Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Tachibana
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Nakagawa
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Iwatsuki
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Nomura H, Takahashi H, Kase Y, Yamagami J, Wada N, Koyasu S, Amagai M. 017 FcγRIIb deficiency accelerates immunoglobulin class switch and pemphigus phenotype development in pathogenic anti-desmoglein 3 antibody knock-in mice. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Takahashi H, Nomura H, Iriki H, Kubo A, Mukai M, Sasaki T, Mikami Y, O'Shea J, Amagai M. 013 Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase expressing CD4+ T cell regulates skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ogawa E, Furusyo N, Nomura H, Dohmen K, Higashi N, Takahashi K, Kawano A, Azuma K, Satoh T, Nakamuta M, Koyanagi T, Kato M, Shimoda S, Kajiwara E, Hayashi J. Short-term risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication following direct-acting anti-viral treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:104-113. [PMID: 29035002 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of direct-acting anti-virals (DAAs), almost all patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can achieve sustained viral response (SVR). AIM To evaluate the short-term risk of HCC among patients with SVR by DAAs, including those with cirrhosis or previous HCC. METHODS This large-scale, multicentre cohort study included 1,675 consecutive patients who achieved SVR by treatment with interferon-free sofosbuvir-based regimens, divided into groups with (n = 152) or without previous HCC (n = 1,523). The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used to calculate the cumulative HCC incidence and related factors of HCC. RESULTS During the follow-up period (median: 17 months), 46 (2.7%) patients developed HCC. The 1-year cumulative rates of de novo HCC were 0.4% and 4.9% for the noncirrhosis and cirrhosis groups respectively (log-rank test: P < 0.001). For cirrhotic patients, serum α-fetoprotein level at the end of treatment (EOT-AFP) was the strongest predictor of de novo HCC. The 1-year cumulative de novo HCC rates were 1.4% and 13.1% in the EOT-AFP < 9.0 ng/mL and ≥ 9.0 ng/mL groups (cut-off value) respectively (log-rank test: P < 0.001). The 1-year cumulative rates of HCC recurrence were 6.5% and 23.1% for the noncirrhosis and cirrhosis groups respectively (log-rank test: P = 0.023). For cirrhotic patients, previous HCC characteristics were significantly associated with HCC recurrence. In contrast, sex, age and metabolic features did not influence de novo HCC or recurrence. CONCLUSIONS For cirrhotic patients after elimination of HCV, serum EOT-AFP level and previous HCC characteristics would be useful markers for predicting de novo HCC or recurrence.
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Mizuno A, Iguchi H, Sawada Y, Nomura H, Komiyama N, Watanabe S, Yoshikawa A. Real clinical management of patients with isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection in Japan. J Cardiol 2017; 71:155-158. [PMID: 28969970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rarity of this condition, clinical treatment and outcomes in isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (ISMAD) patients remain unknown. The primary aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to elucidate the treatment strategies and in-hospital outcomes for ISMAD patients by using administrative data. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients that were primarily diagnosed with ISMAD using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination data collected at 141 hospitals in Japan in 2015. Patients with comorbidities that included "aneurysm" were excluded. RESULTS A total of 221 ISMAD without aneurysm patients (male: 90.5%; mean age: 52.5±10.1 years) were enrolled, and 95 (67.4%) of these encountered just one ISMAD case per year. We found only one (0.5%) in-hospital death and length of stay for ISMAD patients was 13.2±9.1 days. One-third of patients received antiplatelet therapy (32.1%) and anticoagulation therapies, such as heparin (38.9%) and warfarin (10.0%). A total of 146 (66.1%) patients received antihypertensive treatment (either orally or via an intravenous route) during hospitalization. Twelve (5.4%) patients underwent surgical procedures during hospitalization as follows: 4 (33.3%) patients underwent bypass surgery, 3 (25.0%) patients underwent exploratory laparotomies, 2 (16.7%) patients underwent bowel resection, 1 (8.3%) patient underwent a thrombectomy, and 2 (16.7%) patients underwent surgical angioplasties. CONCLUSIONS We found that conservative therapy for ISMAD patients without aneurysm is safe and is also associated with a low rate of surgical intervention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayato Iguchi
- Global Health Consulting Japan Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuka Sawada
- Global Health Consulting Japan Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Aki Yoshikawa
- Global Health Consulting Japan Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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Nomura H, Tsuji D, Demachi K, Suzuki S, Mochizuki N, Yano T, Daiko H, Fujii S, Kojima T, Ito K, Yamaguchi M. The investigate relationship between severe neutropenia and ABCB1and ABCG2 gene polymorphisms with esophageal cancer patients receiving docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx388.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Nakamura Y, Okamoto W, Sawada K, Komatsu Y, Kato K, Taniguchi H, Kato T, Nishina T, Esaki T, Nomura H, Fukutani M, Fukui M, Hasegawa H, Yonemura M, Fuse N, Sato A, Fujii S, Ohtsu A, Yoshino T. TRIUMPH Study: A multicenter Phase II study to evaluate efficacy and safety of combination therapy with trastuzumab and pertuzumab in patients with HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer (EPOC1602). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mizuno A, Iguchi H, Sawada Y, Hurley M, Nomura H, Hayashi K, Tokuda Y, Watanabe S, Yoshikawa A. The impact of carperitide usage on the cost of hospitalization and outcome in patients with acute heart failure: High value care vs. low value care campaign in Japan. Int J Cardiol 2017; 241:243-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Nomura H, Kase Y, Yamagami J, Wada N, Koyasu S, Takahashi H, Amagai M. 010 FcgRIIb is important for clonal ignorance and prevents pemphigus phenotype in pathogenic anti-desmoglein 3 antibody knock-in mice. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nomura H, Nagashima M, Matoda M, Okamoto S, Kanao H, Kato K, Omatsu K, Sugiyama Y, Utsugi K, Takeshima N. 310P Oral leukoplakia in women treated with long-term pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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