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Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir-induced elevation of blood tacrolimus levels in a patient in the maintenance phase post liver transplantation. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:77-80. [PMID: 37689137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Nirmatrelvir is an orally administered anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug used in combination with ritonavir, the drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A inhibitor, to evade metabolism and extend bioavailability. Meanwhile, the immunosuppressant tacrolimus is a CYP3A4/5 substrate, and CYP3A inhibition results in drug-drug interactions. Herein, we report the case of a coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patient in the maintenance phase post liver transplantation, receiving tacrolimus treatment, with a marked increase of blood tacrolimus levels after the initiation of concomitant nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment. A 61-year-old Japanese woman underwent a living donor liver transplant for Caroli disease 25 years ago and received tacrolimus 2 mg/day for immunosuppressive treatment. Three days before the observed high tacrolimus blood concentration, she presented to our emergency department with a fever and was diagnosed with COVID-19. She was prescribed an adjusted dose of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (150 mg/100 mg, twice daily) for 5 days as a high-risk case with immunosuppressive treatment and reduced renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR: 46.6 mL/min/1.73 m2). At the return visit on day 1, blood tacrolimus level was >60 ng/mL on trough sampling, above the upper limit of measurement, with nausea and vomiting as side effects. Tacrolimus treatment was discontinued on the same day. Drug-drug interactions resulting from CYP3A inhibition by nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were deemed responsible for elevated blood tacrolimus levels. Therefore, in liver transplant recipients, tacrolimus dose reduction or discontinuation is required during COVID-19 treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.
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Pharmacokinetics of low doses of colchicine in the leukocytes of Japanese healthy individuals. Transl Clin Pharmacol 2023; 31:217-225. [PMID: 38196999 PMCID: PMC10772056 DOI: 10.12793/tcp.2023.31.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The venerable drug colchicine has garnered significant recent attention due to its endorsement by the United States Food and Drug Administration as an anti-inflammatory medication for cardiovascular diseases. However, the administration of this drug at its minimal available dose of 0.5 mg has been associated with certain adverse reactions. Once colchicine is administered, the drug disappears from blood in a short time and distributes in the leukocytes for a certain period of time that elicits anti-inflammatory effect. Consequently, an in-depth comprehension of the pharmacokinetics of lower dosages within leukocytes assumes important for its broader application in routine clinical contexts. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the pharmacological disposition of colchicine in the plasma, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and mononuclear leukocytes among healthy Japanese male subjects, following both single and multiple oral administrations of 0.5 mg and 0.25 mg doses of colchicine. Our investigation reveals that colchicine persists within leukocyte populations even when administered at reduced dosages. The findings herein hold promise for mitigating the adverse effects associated with its use in the treatment of inflammatory cardiovascular disorders.
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Enhanced Material Assimilation in a Toroidal Plasma Using Mixed H_{2}+Ne Pellet Injection and Implications to ITER. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:255001. [PMID: 36608252 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.255001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The ablation and assimilation of cryogenic pure H_{2} and mixed H_{2}+Ne pellets, which are foreseen to be used by the ITER tokamak for mitigating thermal and electromagnetic loads of major disruptions, are observed by spatially and temporally resolved measurements. It is experimentally demonstrated that a small fraction (here ≈5%) of neon added to hydrogenic pellets enhances the core density assimilation with reduced outward transport for the low magnetic-field side injection. This is consistent with theoretical expectations that line radiation increased by doped neon in dense plasmoids suppresses the plasmoid pressure and reduces the E[over →]×B[over →] transport of the ablated material.
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Electron temperature and density measurement by Thomson scattering with a high repetition rate laser of 20 kHz on LHD. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15112. [PMID: 36068266 PMCID: PMC9448754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thomson scattering measurements with a high-repetition-rate laser have commenced in the Large Helical Device. As an example of the fast phenomena captured by this diagnostic system, measurements at a 20 kHz repetition-rate in hydrogen pellet-injected plasmas are presented. Signal processing methods for this measurement have been developed and electron temperature profiles with almost 70 spatial points were evaluated at time intervals of 50 [Formula: see text]s. After Raman scattering calibration, electron density profiles were derived. Fast changes in the electron temperature and density profiles within 1 ms were observed.
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Preceding propagation of turbulence pulses at avalanche events in a magnetically confined plasma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6979. [PMID: 35577787 PMCID: PMC9110360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The preceding propagation of turbulence pulses has been observed for the first time in heat avalanche events during the collapse of the electron internal transport barrier (e-ITB) in the Large Helical Device. The turbulence and heat pulses are generated near the foot of the e-ITB and propagate to the peripheral region within a much shorter time than the diffusion timescale. The propagation speed of the turbulence pulse is approximately 10 km/s, which is faster than that of the heat pulse propagating at a speed of 1.5 km/s. The heat pulse propagates at approximately the same speed as that in the theoretical prediction, whereas the turbulence pulse propagates one order of magnitude faster than that in the prediction, thereby providing important insights into the physics of non-local transport.
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Electro-optically Q-switched operation of a high-peak-power Tb:LiYF 4 green laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:31706-31713. [PMID: 34615258 DOI: 10.1364/oe.434010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on an electro-optically Q-switched Tb:LiYF4 green laser pumped by a frequency-doubled optically pumped semiconductor blue laser. The electro-optically Q-switched characteristics were studied under a wide range of repetition rates from 200 Hz to 50 kHz using a KD2PO4 Q-switch. Up to 198 µJ of pulse energy was obtained with a pulse width of 248 ns at a repetition rate of 200 Hz, corresponding to a peak power of 797 W at 544 nm.
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Changes in serum concentration of rilpivirine in an HIV-infected patient treated with a combination therapy of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-020-00282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To our knowledge, there are no preexisting reports concerning rilpivirine (RPV) removal by hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
Case presentation
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis on plasma concentrations of RPV in a 45-year-old man infected with HIV and exhibiting end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The extraction ratio of RPV by hemodialysis was 4.5%. Plasma concentrations of RPV remained far above the protein-binding-adjusted inhibitory levels during a combination therapy of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Our results suggest minimal RPV removal via hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis with no specific dosage adjustments required in an HIV-infected patient undergoing this combination therapy.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study showed that RPV administered without dose adjustment resulted in steady-state plasma drug concentration in an HIV-infected patient treated with a combination therapy of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
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Bladder preserving tetra-modal therapy for octogenarian with localized muscle invasive bladder cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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9
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Promoting a medical system for renal transplantation in the remote island in Japan. TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tpr.2020.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Graphene Q-switched Tb:LiYF 4 green laser. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:2596-2599. [PMID: 32356825 DOI: 10.1364/ol.391746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the Q-switched operation of a Tb3+-laser for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The passiveQ-switching was realized by a 15% Tb:LiYF4 gain medium and a single-layer graphene saturable absorber. An average output power of 744 mW at 544 nm was achieved with slope efficiency of 41%, pulse width of 2.9 µs, and repetition rate of 38.7 kHz. The corresponding pulse energy and peak power were calculated to be 19.2 µJ and 6.6 W, respectively.
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Efficient visible laser operation of Tb:LiYF 4 and LiTbF 4. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:10951-10959. [PMID: 32403616 DOI: 10.1364/oe.385020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report laser operation of two Tb3+-activated gain media, Tb:LiYF4 and LiTbF4, in yellow or/and green spectral region. A record-high slope efficiency of 63% among Tb3+-lasers and maximum output power of 1.17 W (incident power of 2.79 W) at around 544 nm were obtained with a c-cut 15%Tb:LiYF4 crystal. The yellow laser characteristics in σ-polarization were studied. A slope efficiency of 21% at 582 nm was achieved. More importantly, we succeeded in laser operation of LiTbF4 for the first time to the best of our knowledge. Laser oscillation at around 544 nm yielded a maximum slope efficiency of 45%. This points toward the possibility of producing high-energy pulsed lasers using LiTbF4, which features a high active-ion concentration as well as relatively long lifetime.
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EP1.15-23 Cardiac Tamponade Caused by a Type A Thymoma: A Case Report. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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EP1.17-07 Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Found During a Lobectomy for Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nd 3+-activated CaF 2 ceramic lasers. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:3378-3381. [PMID: 31259965 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.003378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nd,Y:CaF2 and Nd,La:CaF2 ceramics featuring good optical quality have been fabricated by reactive sintering and a hot isostatic pressing method. The transmission spectra, emission spectra, and fluorescence decay curves were measured. Lasing at 1064 and 1065 nm was observed in Nd,Y:CaF2 and Nd,La:CaF2, respectively, upon quasi-continuous-wave pumping by a diode laser emitting at 791 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of Nd3+-activated CaF2 ceramic laser.
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Effect of Systematic Conversion to Generic Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) in Kidney Transplantation: A Single-Center Clinical Experience from Japan. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3255-3257. [PMID: 30577194 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, more and more generic drugs have been used for immunosuppressive drugs in the field of organ transplantation. Some reports have indicated that blood concentration of most generic drugs is difficult to maintain stability, and it may cause the difference in graft survival of transplanted organs between original drugs and generic drugs. In this article, we report the cases could not maintain blood concentration of generic drugs of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). RESULTS In 4 cases out of 5 cases that we had to change original MMF to generic MMF, there were cases that blood concentration level was not stabilized. There were possibility that the lowered blood concentration level of MMF caused a rejection, in two cases. Mean MMF trough level was decreased from 3.6 ± 1.9 μg/mL to 0.6 ± 0.4 μg/mL. Due to the early detection, it did not become severe or failure of graft function, however, we cannot deny the possibilities that side effects were increased and rejection rose. In these cases, we discontinued to use the generic drugs thereafter due to unstable plasma concentration of MMF. DISCUSSION Some reports have indicated that failure to maintain plasma concentration of MMF leads to rejection. Therefore, maintenance of effective plasma concentration and prevention of rejection are essential to long-term graft survival in kidney transplant. CONCLUSION Generic drug formulations may exhibit differences in effects and absorption compared to the brand-name drug. If the generic drug should be used, patients should be closely monitored.
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Compact, highly efficient, 2.1-W continuous-wave mid-infrared Fe:ZnSe coherent source, pumped by an Er:ZBLAN fiber laser. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:5941-5944. [PMID: 30547975 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.005941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we report a compact and robust coherent source, operating in mid-infrared (IR) and based on the Fe:ZnSe chalcogenide gain medium, optically pumped by an Er:ZBLAN fiber laser. The output power of 2.1 W with a 59% slope efficiency with respect to the absorbed pump power at liquid nitrogen cooling is achieved. We show that strong re-absorption at a high pump power and iron ion doping concentrations leads to a continuous tuning of central wavelength from 4012 to 4198 nm. The robustness of a high-power Er:ZBLAN fiber laser combined with prominent spectroscopic properties of Fe:ZnSe media pave the way for the development of a reliable tunable continuous-wave mid-IR sources for scientific and industrial purposes.
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Safety of Elderly Living Kidney Donors: 2 Cases of Donors Older Than 80 Years: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:2569-2571. [PMID: 30316400 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Much controversy exists over the performance of elderly living donor kidney transplantation. We report the safety of 2 cases of elderly living kidney donations in our hospital. CASE 1: An 82-year-old man was a living kidney donor for his 56-year-old son. The donor suffered from hypertension, but has successfully managed his blood pressure with only one medication. His serum creatinine was 0.7 mg/dL and inulin clearance was 122.5 mL/min, which met the usual criteria for living kidney donors. This was his son's secondary kidney transplantation, and no other donors existed. CASE 2: An 80-year-old woman was a living kidney donor for her 45-year-old son. Her serum creatinine was 0.61 mg/dL and inulin clearance was 71.7 mL/min, which met the marginal kidney donor criteria. In both cases, we determined that the donor kidney function was acceptable. Though we explained the risks of the transplantation thoroughly, the patients' strong will to offer a kidney to their family member did not change. We decided to carry out the transplantation. At the time of publication, nearly 2 years have passed since the transplantation, but both donors and recipients are doing well. In the future, it seems more likely that the number of elderly living donor kidney transplantation will rise. On one hand, there is no absolute contraindication for elderly donors, while on the other hand, the criteria for a living kidney donor must be strictly examined. Furthermore, careful observation of both donors and recipients after transplantation is required.
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Fluoride-fiber-based side-pump coupler for high-power fiber lasers at 2.8 μm. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:2340-2343. [PMID: 29762587 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A side-pump coupler made of fluoride fibers was fabricated and tested. The tested device had a coupling efficiency of 83% and was driven with an incident pump power of up to 83.5 W, demonstrating high-power operation. Stable laser output of 15 W at a wavelength of around 2.8 μm was achieved over 1 h when using an erbium-doped double-clad fiber as the active medium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a fluoride-glass-fiber-based side-pump coupler has been developed. A test with two devices demonstrated further power scalability.
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Dual Gas Treatment With Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Protects From Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:250-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Robustness of adult female survival maintains a high-density sika deer (Cervus nippon) population following the initial irruption. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/wr17103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context Irruption of large herbivore populations is characterised by three distinct phases: (1) an exponential increase in population to a peak abundance; (2) a population crash; and (3) a second increase to another population peak, typically lower than the first peak of abundance. However, there has been little study of age- and sex-specific factors that affect the post-initial irruption interactions with food sources. Aims We aimed to investigate annual survival rates of sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838) in the sequent irruption of a population on Nakanoshima Island, Lake Toya, Japan, with a chronically high density during the period 2002–12. Methods Survival monitoring data were obtained for 219 individuals (93 males and 126 females) using radio-collars. Annual survival was quantified, and related factors, i.e. deer abundance and winter severity, were determined by model selection using Akaike information criterion values. Key Results The results showed that annual survival rates across sexes and age classes (fawn, yearling, prime-aged, old) decreased with increasing population density, snow depth and winter precipitation. Winter severity had a greater effect on adult survival than density regulation. Nevertheless, female adult survival was maintained at a high level, with a mean of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.80–0.88). Key conclusions Robust survival rates for adult females might contribute to the maintenance of a high-density sika deer population in the post-initial irruption. Implications We suggest that in the absence of predation and hunting, sika deer population is not able to self-regulate to the density level that avoids an irreversible impact on plants.
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A liquid biopsy gene panel for pancreatic cancer detection. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx653.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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P-242SUCCESSFUL SURGICAL REMOVAL OF A FOREIGN BODY IN THE PULMONARY ARTERY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Evaluation of the Lipid Concentrations after Switching from Antiretroviral Drug Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine to Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine in Virologically-suppressed Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Patients. Intern Med 2016; 55:3435-3440. [PMID: 27904105 PMCID: PMC5216139 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.7518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recently, tenofovir disoproxil fumatate (TDF)-related side effects, such as renal nephrotoxicity and reduction of bone mineral density, have been reported. Consequently, increased switching from fixed-dose tablet TDF and emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) to abacavir and lamivudine (ABC/3TC) has occurred. Interestingly, while TDF has a lipid-lowering property, one of the ABC-related side effects is hyperlipidemia. Therefore, such switching could cause lipid elevation. To evaluate the change in lipid levels associated with switching from TDF/FTC to ABC/3TC in virologically-suppressed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Methods This is a retrospective, single-center study. We included the HIV-infected patients whose therapy included a drug switch from TDF/FTC to ABC/3TC between September 2009 and December 2012 at Ryukyu University Hospital. The exclusion criteria were HIV-RNA >40 copies/mL on the switching day, and a documented therapy change to a lipid-lowering agent or any other antiretroviral agents within 3 months before or after switching. We compared the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels before switching to three months after. Results A total of 18 patients met the inclusion criteria. The LDL, HDL, and TC levels significantly increased three months following the switch (p<0.05), with median (interquartile range) values of 17 (7, 32), 6 (2, 13), and 27 (10, 45) mg/dL, respectively. The TG values did not markedly change. Conclusion Switching from TDF/FTC to ABC/3TC resulted in significantly increased LDL, HDL, and TC levels.
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Multiple inductive effects of carbamazepine on combined therapy with paliperidone and amlodipine. J Clin Pharm Ther 2015; 40:480-2. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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A facile, selective, high recovery system for precious metals based on complexation between melamine and cyanuric acid. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04473a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a facile, selective, high recovery system for precious metals based on complexation between melamine and cyanuric acid (denoted as MC) through hydrogen bonding.
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P-144 * PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CLINICAL/PATHOLOGICAL STAGE IA NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu167.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Autophagy regulation in pancreatic acinar cells is independent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:224-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Adverse Events Associated with GC Therapy for Urothelial Cancer. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt460.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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The additional effect of Eicosapentanoic acid on coronary plaque stability in stable angina patients with statin use by Optical Coherence Tomography analysis. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Deformation Behavior, Processability and Physical Properties for Biaxially Oriented Film of LLDPE. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The bubble deformation behavior of double bubble tubular film (DBTF) of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) is experimentally analyzed. Also investigated is how the bubble deformation behavior of the stretched films are changed by stretching conditions, especially stretching temperature, and how the properties of stretched films are influenced by stretching conditions.
From the results, the optimum conditions required to obtain a stable bubble and good properties for the DBTF of LLDPE are indicated. The relationship between the DBTF and laboratory tenter stretched film (LTSF) is investigated in order to predict the processability and the properties of the DBTF by using the laboratory tenter biaxial stretcher. This method is not only more time efficient, but also reduces overall costs of developing the DBTF.
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Abstract
Abstract
In order to improve the stretchability of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) for double bubble tubular film (DBTF), the blending of LLDPEs have been investigated. Three LLDPEs of varying densities were blended, and several films having different densities, molecular-weight distributions and composition distributions were produced. The stretchability and properties of these films were investigated and the relationship between the stretchability and the material properties were also discussed. The material properties of LLDPE which showed better stretchability were reported. Furthermore, the stretchability of LLDPE by using the laboratory tenter stretched film (LTSF) and the DBTF were compared. The prediction of the stretchability for the DBTF by using the LTSF was reported.
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Abstract
Abstract
Stretchability and properties of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) blends for biaxially oriented film was investigated in the previous report [1]. That report focused on changing the film density by blending three different densities of LLDPE. The relationship among stretchability, film density and the composition distribution was explored. In this report, several different densities and melt flow indices (MFI) of LLDPE were examined. A film with a density of about 0.915 g/cm3 displayed the best stretchability, while films not less than 2 g/10 min MFI had poor stretchability. The most suitable composition distribution for stretching was reported. The properties of biaxially oriented films were also evaluated. Furthermore, the relationship between the laboratory tenter stretched film (LTSF) and the double bubble tubular film (DBTF) was investigated. There was a correlation between the density in film over 0.910 g/cm3 and the stretchability of the DBTF and LTSF.
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Effects of angiotensin receptor blockade (ARB) on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with long-term haemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:1579-89. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Pancreatic juice cytology of serous cystic neoplasms communicating with the pancreatic duct: diagnostic pitfalls in this rare entity. Cytopathology 2012; 24:199-201. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2012.01001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Inter-atomic force constants from correlation effects among thermal displacement of atoms in PbTe. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2011.569547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nerve growth factor derived from bronchial epithelium after chronic mite antigen exposure contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness by inducing hyperinnervation, and is inhibited by in vivo siRNA. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 42:460-70. [PMID: 22168511 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03918.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial asthma is a chronic allergic airway inflammatory disease. Neurotrophins, including nerve growth factor (NGF), play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the effects of NGF derived from epithelium on airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) after antigen sensitization/exposure remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the role of NGF on AHR after chronic antigen exposure and the effect of inhibiting NGF by in vivo siRNA on AHR exacerbation. METHODS We generated chronic mouse models of bronchial asthma using house-dust mite antigen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; Dp). NGF concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung histopathology, hyperresponsiveness, and related neuronal peptides and cytokines in supernatants of lung homogenates were determined. RESULTS NGF in BALF was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and was expressed primarily in bronchial epithelium. Nerve fibres and substance P-positive fibres were detected in subepithelium of Dp-sensitized and challenged mice over 4 weeks of mite antigen exposure. AHR was positively correlated with NGF concentration and nerve fibre innervation. AHR, modulation of innervation, and increased substance P were inhibited by in vivo administration of siRNA that targeted NGF, although the inhibition of NGF did not affect allergic inflammation and subepithelial fibrosis. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest that NGF derived from bronchial and alveolar epithelium plays an important role in AHR after chronic exposure to mite antigen. NGF inhibition could potentially manage bronchial asthma, including AHR.
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IκB kinase β inhibitor IMD-0354 suppresses airway remodelling in a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus-sensitized mouse model of chronic asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 41:104-15. [PMID: 20573155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is a transcription factor that regulates cytokine and chemokine production in various inflammatory diseases, including bronchial asthma. IκB kinase (IKK) β is important for NF-κB activation in inflammatory conditions, and is possibly related to airway remodelling. Thus, inhibition of the IKKβ-NF-κB pathway may be an ideal strategy for the management of airway remodelling. OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of a newly synthesized IKKβ inhibitor, IMD-0354, in a chronic allergen exposure model of bronchial asthma in mice. METHODS A chronic mouse model was generated by challenge with house dust mite antigen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus). IMD-0354 was administrated intraperitoneally in therapeutic groups. Lung histopathology, hyperresponsiveness and the concentrations of mediators and molecules in supernatants of lung homogenates were determined. RESULTS NF-κB activation was inhibited by prolonged periods of IMD-0354 administration. IMD-0354 reduced the numbers of bronchial eosinophils. IMD-0354 also inhibited the pathological features of airway remodelling, including goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial fibrosis, collagen deposition and smooth muscle hypertrophy. Inhibition of these structural changes by IMD-0354 was the result of the suppressing the production and activation of remodelling-related mediators, such as TGF-β, via inhibition of IKKβ. IMD-0354 inhibited IL-13 and IL-1β production, and it restored the production of IFN-γ. It also ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness. CONCLUSION IKKβ plays crucial roles in airway inflammation and remodelling in a chronic mouse model of asthma. A specific IKKβ inhibitor, IMD-0354, may be therapeutically beneficial for treating airway inflammation and remodelling in chronic asthma.
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Modulation of CD4⁺ T cell responses following splenectomy in hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2011; 165:243-50. [PMID: 21615390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04393.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of T cells is a common feature in chronic persistent viral infections, including hepatitis C virus (HCV), and although hepatic and peripheral T cells have been studied extensively in chronic HCV hepatitis, the role of splenic T cell responses in such patients is poorly defined. This is an important issue, as thrombocytopenia is a complication of HCV-related liver cirrhosis (LC), due to splenic platelet sequestration and bone marrow suppression; splenectomy has been proposed to treat such patients. Herein, we studied peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and splenic lymphoid subpopulations from a total of 22 patients, including 15 with HCV-related LC with marked thrombocytopenia treated with splenectomy, and seven controls. CD4(+) T cells from peripheral blood and spleen were isolated and phenotype and function evaluated. Splenic CD4(+) T cells in patients with LC expressed molecules associated with inhibitory signalling, including increased frequency of negative markers such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) and decreased production of cytokines. Patients with LC manifest higher levels of splenic CD4(+) regulatory T cells and PD-L1- and PD-L2-expressing cells than controls. Blocking of PD-1/PD-1 ligand interaction reconstituted proliferative and cytokine responses of splenic mononuclear cells (SMC) from patients with LC. Splenectomy was followed by an increase in the ratio of interferon (IFN)-γ to interleukin (IL)-10 and a reduction of PD-1-expressing CD4(+) T cells in peripheral blood. Our data suggest that peripheral tolerance is promoted by the spleen in LC via the up-regulated expression of PD-1 ligands.
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Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology. We identified immunological targets for the treatment of pulmonary granulomatosis using a murine model generated with Propionibacterium acnes. Sensitisation and challenge using heat-killed P. acnes and dendritic cells (DCs) were performed to produce pulmonary granulomatosis in C57BL/6 mice. Immunological analyses using ELISA as well as cDNA microarray analysis were used to search for cytokines or chemokines associated with the formation of granulomas in the lungs. Co-administration of P. acnes and DCs reproducibly induced the formation of pulmonary granulomas, which resembled sarcoid granulomas. The cDNA microarray assay demonstrated that the gene expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10, ligands for CXCR3, and of CCL4, a ligand for CCR5, was strongly upregulated during granulomatosis. ELISA confirmed that levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 as well as T-helper (Th)1 cytokines and chemokines including tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The blockade of Th1 chemokine receptors using TAK-779, a dual blocker for CXCR3 and CCR5, led to reduced numbers of CXCR3+CD4+ and CCR5+CD4+ T-cells in BALF. Furthermore, administration of TAK-779 ameliorated the granulomatosis. The targeted inhibition of Th1 chemokines might be useful for inhibiting Th1-biased granulomatous diseases, including sarcoidosis.
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Enhancement of osteoclastogenic activity in osteolytic prostate cancer cells by physical contact with osteoblasts. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:505-13. [PMID: 21206493 PMCID: PMC3049567 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between prostate cancer cells and osteoblasts is critical for the development of bone metastasis. Metastatic cancer cells may physically contact osteoblasts in the bone microenvironment; however, the biological significance of this interaction is not fully understood. METHODS Human prostate cancer cells (the osteolytic cell line PC-3 and the osteoblastic cell line MDA-PCa 2b) and human osteoblasts (hFOB1.19) were cocultured under two different conditions (bilayer and contact conditions). Differential gene expression profiles of prostate cancer cells were then investigated using microarray analysis. Differentially expressed genes were analysed using RT-PCR and western blotting, and the effect of anti-cadherin neutralising antibodies on their expression was assayed. The osteoclastogenic activity of cells grown under these different conditions was also investigated using an in vitro assay. RESULTS When PC-3 or MDA-PCa 2b cells were cocultured with hFOB1.19 cells under contact conditions, the expression of eight genes was upregulated and that of one gene was downregulated in PC-3 cells compared with gene expression in bilayer culture. No differentially expressed genes were detected in MDA-PCa 2b cells. Four of the eight upregulated genes (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-6 and the third component of complement (C3)) have already been reported to participate in osteoclastogenesis. Indeed, a cell lysate of PC-3 cells grown under contact coculture conditions significantly enhanced osteoclastogenesis in vitro (P<0.005). neutralisation of cadherin-11 with a specific antibody inhibited upregulation of COX-2 and C3 mRNA in PC-3 cells. In contrast, neutralisation of N-cadherin induced upregulation of COX-2 mRNA. CONCLUSION Physical contact between osteolytic prostate cancer cells and osteoblasts may upregulate osteoclastogenesis-related gene expression in prostate cancer cells and enhance osteoclastogenesis. Additionally, cadherin-11 and N-cadherin are involved in this process. These data provide evidence supporting new therapies of prostate cancer bone metastasis that target direct cancer-cell-osteoblast cell-cell contact.
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MOF-on-MOF heteroepitaxy: perfectly oriented [Zn2(ndc)2(dabco)]n grown on [Cu2(ndc)2(dabco)]n thin films. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:4954-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01818j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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P32-23 An evaluation method for EEG amplifiers' performance. Clin Neurophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(10)61217-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Use of a replica graft tooth for evaluation before autotransplantation of a tooth. A CAD/CAM model produced using dental-cone-beam computed tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:1016-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Analysis of the spacial requirements for RNA-protein interactions within the N antitermination complex of bacteriophage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009:91-2. [DOI: 10.1093/nass/nrp046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Value of FDG-PET/CT findings revised using an anthropomorphic body phantom for the evaluation of tumor malignancy grade in small-sized lung adenocarcinomas: A multicenter study. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.7573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7573 Background: The malignant behavior of small lung adenocarinomas (AD), which have been detected with increasing frequency recently, has not yet been clearly evaluated, and an understanding of this biological characteristic is vital for selecting the appropriate therapeutic strategy. We examined the malignancy grade of small lung ADs using FDG-PET/CT (PET), in addition to high-resolution CT (HRCT) and pathologic evaluation in a multicenter setting. Methods: A total of 204 patients with cT1N0M0 AD underwent PET and HRCT, followed by complete resection with lymph node dissection. The associations between components of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) on pathologic examination and maximum standardized uptake value (maxSUV) on PET, ground-glass opacity (GGO) ratio and tumor disappearance rate (TDR) on HRCT were examined, and these findings were analyzed in relation to pathologic features and surgical outcomes. To reduce the errors in PET machines used for this analysis, maxSUV data were adjusted using an anthropomorphic body phantom of the NEMA standards (corrected maxSUV). Results: Examination of tumor aggressiveness based on the presence of lymphatic, vascular and pleural invasion, and of nodal metastasis, showed that maxSUV, BAC ratio, TDR, and GGO ratio, in the order, can reflect the malignancy grade. MaxSUV and BAC ratio were also valuable prognostic predictors of the disease-free survival. There were no significant differences in the values between maxSUV and corrected maxSUV. Although BAC ratio was significantly associated with maxSUV, GGO ratio and TDR (all p<0.0001), the degree of association with maxSUV (R2=0.2533) was weaker than that with GGO (R2=0.5843) ratio or TDR (R2=0.5123). Conclusions: A higher maxSUV reflects an aggressive malignant behavior of cT1N0M0 ADs, independently of BAC component. Assessment by PET in addition to HRCT is useful for selection of the appropriate treatment strategy for small lung AD. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Development of ductal carcinoma of the pancreas during follow-up of branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Gut 2008; 57:1561-5. [PMID: 18477671 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2007.145631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synchronous occurrence of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and ductal carcinoma of the pancreas has been reported. Branch duct IPMNs with lower likelihood of malignancy are not submitted to resection but are followed-up, so ductal carcinoma may develop during the follow-up. The development of ductal carcinoma of the pancreas during follow-up of branch duct IPMNs was investigated. METHODS 60 patients with branch duct IPMN who had an intraductal tumour of <10 mm on imaging examinations and a negative result for malignancy on cytological examination of the pancreatic juice were investigated. They were followed-up mainly by ultrasonography (US), and additionally by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), CT, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with cytological examination of the pancreatic juice for an average period of 87 months. RESULTS Ductal carcinoma of the pancreas distinct from IPMN developed in 5 of 60 (8%) branch duct IPMNs during follow-up. The 5-year rate of development of ductal carcinoma was 6.9% (95% CI 0.4% to 13.4%), the incidence of ductal carcinoma was 1.1% (95% CI 0.1% to 2.2%) per year and the standardised incidence ratio of development of ductal carcinoma was 26 (95% CI 3 to 48). Patients >70 years old developed ductal carcinoma significantly more frequently than those under 69. Four of five ductal carcinomas identified during follow-up were resectable. Cancer developed in IPMN in 2 of 60 (3%) branch duct IPMNs during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS During follow-up of branch duct IPMNs, ductal carcinoma of the pancreas not infrequently developed distinct from IPMN. In the follow-up of IPMN, special attention should be paid to the development of ductal carcinoma of the pancreas.
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165 POSTER Novel therapeutic efficacy of E7080 for controlling experimental metastases of human lung cancer cells in natural killer cell-depleted severe combined immunodeficient mice. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Influence of Cooling Water Temperature on Properties of LLDPE Film in Double Bubble Tubular Film Process. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2008. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng.2008.28.4.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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