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Alijani H, Reineck P, Komljenovic R, Russo SP, Low MX, Balendhran S, Crozier KB, Walia S, Nash GR, Yeo LY, Rezk AR. The Acoustophotoelectric Effect: Efficient Phonon-Photon-Electron Coupling in Zero-Voltage-Biased 2D SnS 2 for Broad-Band Photodetection. ACS Nano 2023; 17:19254-19264. [PMID: 37755696 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered metal dichalcogenides constitute a promising class of materials for photodetector applications due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. The most common photodetectors, which work on the principle of photoconductive or photovoltaic effects, however, require either the application of external voltage biases or built-in electric fields, which makes it challenging to simultaneously achieve high responsivities across broad-band wavelength excitation─especially beyond the material's nominal band gap─while producing low dark currents. In this work, we report the discovery of an intricate phonon-photon-electron coupling─which we term the acoustophotoelectric effect─in SnS2 that facilitates efficient photodetection through the application of 100 MHz order propagating surface acoustic waves (SAWs). This effect not only reduces the band gap of SnS2 but also provides the requisite momentum for indirect band gap transition of the photoexcited charge carriers, to enable broad-band photodetection beyond the visible light range, while maintaining pA-order dark currents─ without the need for any external voltage bias. More specifically, we show in the infrared excitation range that it is possible to achieve up to 8 orders of magnitude improvement in the material's photoresponsivity compared to that previously reported for SnS2-based photodetectors, in addition to exhibiting superior performance compared to most other 2D materials reported to date for photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Alijani
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Robert Komljenovic
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Salvy P Russo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Mei Xian Low
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Kenneth B Crozier
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Sumeet Walia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Geoff R Nash
- Natural Sciences, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Massahud E, Ahmed H, Babarao R, Ehrnst Y, Alijani H, Darmanin C, Murdoch BJ, Rezk AR, Yeo LY. Acoustomicrofluidic Defect Engineering and Ligand Exchange in ZIF-8 Metal-Organic Frameworks. Small Methods 2023; 7:e2201170. [PMID: 36855216 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A way through which the properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be tuned is by engineering defects into the crystal structure. Given its intrinsic stability and rigidity, however, it is difficult to introduce defects into zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs)-and ZIF-8, in particular-without compromising crystal integrity. In this work, it is shown that the acoustic radiation pressure as well as the hydrodynamic stresses arising from the oscillatory flow generated by coupling high frequency (MHz-order) hybrid surface and bulk acoustic waves into a suspension of ZIF-8 crystals in a liquid pressure transmitting medium is capable of driving permanent structural changes in their crystal lattice structure. Over time, the enhancement in the diffusive transport of guest molecules into the material's pores as a consequence is shown to lead to expansion of the pore framework, and subsequently, the creation of dangling-linker and missing-linker defects, therefore offering the possibility of tuning the type and extent of defects engineered into the MOF through the acoustic exposure time. Additionally, the practical utility of the technology is demonstrated for one-pot, simultaneous solvent-assisted ligand exchange under ambient conditions, for sub-micron-dimension ZIF-8 crystals and relatively large ligands-more specifically 2-aminobenzimidazole-without compromising the framework porosity or overall crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Massahud
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Heba Ahmed
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Ravichandar Babarao
- Manufacturing Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Yemima Ehrnst
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Hossein Alijani
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Connie Darmanin
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Billy J Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
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Alijani H, Rezk AR, Khosravi Farsani MM, Ahmed H, Halim J, Reineck P, Murdoch BJ, El-Ghazaly A, Rosen J, Yeo LY. Acoustomicrofluidic Synthesis of Pristine Ultrathin Ti 3C 2T z MXene Nanosheets and Quantum Dots. ACS Nano 2021; 15:12099-12108. [PMID: 34184875 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of layered transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) into zero-dimensional structures with thicknesses and lateral dimensions of a few nanometers allows these recently discovered materials with exceptional electronic properties to exploit the additional benefits of quantum confinement, edge effects, and large surface area. Conventional methods for the conversion of MXene nanosheets and quantum dots, however, involve extreme conditions such as high temperatures and/or harsh chemicals that, among other disadvantages, lead to significant degradation of the material as a consequence of their oxidation. Herein, we show that the large surface acceleration-on the order of 10 million g's-produced by high-frequency (10 MHz) nanometer-order electromechanical vibrations on a chip-scale piezoelectric substrate is capable of efficiently nebulizing, and consequently dimensionally reducing, a suspension of multilayer Ti3C2Tz (MXene) into predominantly monolayer nanosheets and quantum dots while, importantly, preserving the material from any appreciable oxidation. As an example application, we show that the high-purity MXene quantum dots produced using this room-temperature chemical-free synthesis method exhibit superior performance as electrode materials for electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide compared to the highly oxidized samples obtained through conventional hydrothermal synthesis. The ability to detect concentrations as low as 5 nM is a 10-fold improvement to the best reported performance of Ti3C2Tz MXene electrochemical sensors to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Alijani
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | | | - Heba Ahmed
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Joseph Halim
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Billy J Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy & Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ahmed El-Ghazaly
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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Ahmadi VE, Butun I, Altay R, Bazaz SR, Alijani H, Celik S, Warkiani ME, Koşar A. The effects of baffle configuration and number on inertial mixing in a curved serpentine micromixer: Experimental and numerical study. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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