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Seo SB, Park H, Jo JY, Ryu HJ. Skin rejuvenation effect of the combined PDLLA and non cross-linked hyaluronic acid: A preliminary study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:794-802. [PMID: 37969055 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin aging is characterized by wrinkles, rough skin texture, pigmentation, facial erythema, and telangiectasia through structural and functional changes in the epidermis and dermis. Recently, injectable poly(D, L-lactic acid), a biodegradable polymer, has been used widely for skin rejuvenation. AIMS This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of injectable dermal poly D, L-lactic acid) for skin rejuvenation. PATIENTS/METHODS A total of 16 patients who desired skin rejuvenation were included. All participants received two or three procedure sessions with a 4 weeks interval between sessions. Clinical and three-dimensional images at baseline, before each procedural session, and follow-up visits were obtained. Therapeutic effects were assessed by evaluating signs of aging skin and overall improvement by dermatologists and patients. Histologic examinations with special stains were performed on the posterior auricular areas of consenting patients at baseline and follow-up visits after injecting poly D L-lactic acid into the postauricular area as in the face. RESULTS Overall, statistically significant differences were observed in all signs of aging skin, such as fine wrinkles, skin texture, irregular pigmentation, telangiectasia, and facial erythema before and after treatments. Half (50%) of patients responded that there was more than 50% overall improvement. There were no severe adverse events. Histologic examination demonstrated increases in collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis. CONCLUSIONS Results of this preliminary study suggest that injectable dermal poly D, L-lactic acid can significantly affect skin rejuvenation without causing any serious adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Bae Seo
- SeoAh Song Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ju Young Jo
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
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Lee J, Ryu HJ, Hwang SY, Koh SB. Hair Loss: A Well-Known Yet Understudied Symptom in Parkinson's Disease Patients During Dopaminergic Therapy. J Mov Disord 2024; 17:47-54. [PMID: 37748925 PMCID: PMC10846976 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.23088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hair loss has been reported to occur during dopaminergic therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease. The mechanism by which dopaminergic therapy induces hair loss is not well understood. Dopamine receptors are present in the hair follicle, where they regulate melanin production. However, the role of dopamine receptors in hair growth is still not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hair loss and identify factors associated with complaints of hair loss in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS A cross-sectional design involving 495 Parkinson's disease patients was applied to evaluate hair loss status. Patients completed a questionnaire, and scalp/hair examinations were performed. Patients with underlying conditions that could affect hair loss and those prescribed medications known to increase the risk of hair loss were excluded. Finally, 291 patients (58.8%) were included for analysis. RESULTS Among the 495 patients, 138 (27.9%) reported hair loss. Interestingly, more than half of the patients who complained of hair loss (79 out of 138) did not utilize treatments such as hair products, massage, dietary modifications, or alopecia medications. Hair inspection by a single investigator revealed objective hair loss in 263 patients (53.1%). An analysis of factors associated with hair loss complaints showed that the intake of dopaminergic medications with a levodopa-equivalent daily dose > 448 mg was associated with complaints of hair loss. CONCLUSION Dopaminergic medication is associated with hair loss complaints in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyeun Lee
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson’s Disease Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Koh
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson’s Disease Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim MS, Chung BY, Chang SE, Oh SH, Ryu HJ, Kim DH, Lee JH, Ko JY, Kim JE, Lee JH, Lee GY, Jeon J, Choi H, Roh MR, Bae JM, Na JI, Jung HJ, Bang CH, Kim HS, Lee SH, Shin MK, Lee SH, Park KY, Park CJ, Choi M, Yoon TJ, Suh KS, Park YL, Ryoo YW, Kim MH, Kim YC. Pigmented contact dermatitis and hair dyes: A retrospective case-control multicentre study in Korea. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:2543-2549. [PMID: 37528459 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pigmented contact dermatitis (PCD), a rare variant of non-eczematous contact dermatitis, is clinically characterized by sudden-onset brown or grey pigmentation on the face and neck. It is hypothesized to be caused by repeated contact with low levels of allergens. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the risk of using hair dyes in patients with PCD in Korea. METHODS A total of 1033 PCD patients and 1366 controls from 31 university hospitals were retrospectively recruited. We collected and analysed the data from the patient group, diagnosed through typical clinical findings of PCD and the control group, which comprised age/sex-matched patients who visited the participating hospitals with pre-existing skin diseases other than current allergic disease or PCD. RESULTS Melasma and photosensitivity were significantly more common in the control group, and a history of contact dermatitis was more common in the PCD group. There were significantly more Fitzpatrick skin type V participants in the PCD group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in sunscreen use between the groups. Using dermatologic medical history, Fitzpatrick skin type and sunscreen use as covariates, we showed that hair dye use carried a higher PCD risk (odds ratio [OR] before adjustment: 2.06, confidence interval [CI]: 1.60-2.65; OR after adjustment: 2.74, CI: 1.88-4.00). Moreover, henna users had a higher risk of PCD (OR before adjustment: 5.51, CI: 4.07-7.47; OR after adjustment: 7.02, CI: 4.59-10.74), indicating a significant increase in the risk of PCD with henna dye use. Contact dermatitis history was more prevalent in henna users than in those using other hair dyes in the PCD group (17.23% vs. 11.55%). CONCLUSION Hair dye use is a risk factor for PCD. The risk significantly increased when henna hair dye was used by those with a history of contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Shin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - June Hyunkyung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Eulji Medical Center, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Ko
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine and Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine and Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiehyun Jeon
- Department of Dermatology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hoon Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mi Ryung Roh
- Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Bae
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Im Na
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Jung Jung
- Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seung Ho Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Min Kyung Shin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Si-Hyung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Jong Park
- Department of Dermatology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Mira Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University & Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Kee Suck Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Young Lip Park
- Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Young Wook Ryoo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Myung Hwa Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - You Chan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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Jo JY, Suh DH, Park H, Lee SJ, Ryu HJ. Skin rejuvenating effect of a combined triple-wavelength (755 nm, 810 nm, and 1064 nm) laser: a preliminary study. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:272. [PMID: 37991524 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03936-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
With an increasing demand for noninvasive skin rejuvenation techniques, several light-based devices have been introduced. Due to its ability to deliver thermal energy from the superficial to deeper levels of the dermis, a combined triple-wavelength laser (755 nm, 810 nm, and 1064 nm) can be used for skin rejuvenation. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of a combined triple-wavelength laser for skin rejuvenation. A total of 28 female patients seeking skin rejuvenation treatment were included. All patients underwent five consecutive treatment sessions at a two-week interval. Clinical improvement of aging-related cutaneous change was noted by the treating dermatologists and patients. Biopsies were performed on the faces of consenting patients before and two weeks after the final treatment. Significant clinical improvements were observed by both patients and evaluating dermatologists. Based on the patient satisfaction questionnaire, 78% of patients reported a self-assessed improvement of more than 25%. Additionally, 86% of patients showed an improvement of more than 25% on objective assessment by dermatologists. Histopathological findings revealed increased collagen and elastic bundles throughout the dermis. Except for transient pain during treatment, no serious adverse effects were reported. The findings of this study suggest that the combined triple-wavelength laser may be an effective and safe nonablative option for skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Young Jo
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-Si, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KE, Jeong JY, Jo JY, Ryu HJ, Kim IH. Efficacy of skin rejuvenation with a fractional 1927-nm thulium laser alone or combined with a chemical peel: a controlled histopathological preliminary study in a mouse model. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:262. [PMID: 37947906 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Many patients demand minimally invasive treatments for skin rejuvenation, such as nonablative laser and superficial chemical peels. Combination therapy yet has not been studied histopathologically. The purpose of this study is to assess the histopathological efficacy of a 1927-nm thulium laser-assisted salicylic acid (SA) peel in skin rejuvenation. A six-segment table was drawn on the shaved back of C57BL/6 mouse. All segments were irradiated with the thulium laser-different tips and passes were used for specific segments. A 30% SA peel was then applied to the right-hand segments. After treatment, the skin samples were collected from each segment and examined for dermal thickness, collagen density, and melanin content. Greater thickness was seen in the combination therapy group compared with the laser alone group and in those segments receiving more passes with larger beam-sized tip. Collagen density increased in all treated skin segments, irrespective of the group. No adverse events were noted in the treated areas. The sample size was small and mouse skin has histological differences with human skin. The combination of a thulium laser and 30% SA peel has a synergistic effect on dermal thickness, so that can be suggested as a novel skin rejuvenation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Jeokgeum-Ro 123, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Jeokgeum-Ro 123, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Jo
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Jeokgeum-Ro 123, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Jeokgeum-Ro 123, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Jeokgeum-Ro 123, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Park BG, Jeong JY, Seul TW, Ryu HJ. A Case of Idiopathic Aquagenic Wrinkling of the Palms Successfully Treated with 20% Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:S371-S372. [PMID: 38061749 PMCID: PMC10727871 DOI: 10.5021/ad.21.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Geun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Seul
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
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Kim KE, Park JH, Seul TW, Kim IH, Ryu HJ. Periorbital Skin Rejuvenation of Asian Skin Using Microneedle Fractional Radiofrequency. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:360-366. [PMID: 37830418 PMCID: PMC10579575 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periorbital area plays an important role cosmetically. Periorbital wrinkles are attributed to long-term, repeated use of orbicularis oris muscles and UV-induced dermal collagen degeneration. Fractional microneedle radiofrequency (RF) treats scars and laxity by creating vertical channels of injury in the dermis, triggering a scarless healing cascade and neocollagenesis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect and safety of a novel fractional microneedle RF device on periorbital wrinkles based on several objective indicators. METHODS Eleven healthy Korean patients aged 30 to 75 years with periorbital wrinkles were included in this study. Wrinkle grades were evaluated using the Fitzpatrick wrinkle assessment scale (WAS). The melanin and erythema index, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and three parameters for elasticity were recorded. Skin biopsies were obtained in patients who consented. RESULTS All patients exhibited wrinkle improvement in the lateral periorbital area, and two patients also showed efficacy in the lower eyelid area. There was a statistically significant decrease in WAS and a significant improvement in the melanin index of V4 and V5. TEWL also showed a considerable decline on V4 and V5, suggesting that the water content of the skin increased with repeated laser sessions. A peak increase in viscoelasticity and a decrease in retraction time following the first laser application were observed. In the histopathologic examination, the dermis had a denser collagen and elastin content. CONCLUSION Microneedle fractional RF resulted in statistically significant long-term clinical improvement of periorbital wrinkles and enhanced pigmentation and skin hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jong Heon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Seul
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
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Ryu HJ, Shin KH, Chang JH, Jang BS. Pattern and Complication of Reconstructed Breast Cancer Patients Who Received Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in the National Health Insurance Service Cohort. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S176-S177. [PMID: 37784437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aimed to analyze the nationwide pattern of reconstruction after mastectomy in patients with breast cancer who received postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) and to compare complications according to fractionation and reconstruction procedures. MATERIALS/METHODS By using claim data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database, we analyzed breast cancer patients who received PMRT and underwent reconstruction between 2015 and 2020. We defined the grade ≥ 3 complications as the primary endpoint which involved hospital admission to the plastic surgery department. The complication was identified by using the procedure code for debridement and the International Classification of Diseases 10th codes for wound infections, dehiscence, necrosis, and mechanical complication of breast prosthesis and implant. The propensity score matching method was adopted to constitute the matched cohort between the hypofractionated fractionation (HF) and the conventional fractionation (CF), adjusted for age, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking history, PMRT technique, use of bolus, year of PMRT delivery, and reconstruction method. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between complication and variables. RESULTS Altogether 4,553 patients were analyzed: 1,395 (30.6%) in the HF group and 3,158 (69.4.%) in the CF group. The use of HF has steadily increased from 20.1% in 2015 to 42.2% in 2020. Immediate implant reconstruction (36.8%) method was the most frequently used, followed by immediate autologous (33.3%) and two-stage implant reconstruction methods (19.6%). In the matched cohort (N = 2,052), the major complication rate was not significantly different between the HF group and the CF group (5.9% [60/1,026] vs. 5.4% [55/1,026], P = 0.568) with the median follow-up of 30.9 months (range, 6.0-82.1). Surgical debridement was performed in 3.3% [34/1026] of the HF group and 3.5% [36/1026] of the CF group (P = 0.808). HF was not associated with major complications (odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% CI 0.75-1.59, P = 0.128). CONCLUSION In a nationwide insurance cohort, the complication rate was not significantly different between the HF group and the CF group. Our data suggest HF for reconstructed breasts is comparable to CF. However, consultation for fractionation regimen for reconstructed breast cancer patients may be still required at time of consideration of PMRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ryu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K H Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - B S Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Ryu HJ, Lee JH, Park CK, Kim TM, Choi SH, Lee ST. Distribution and Failure Patterns of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Related to Hippocampus. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S160-S161. [PMID: 37784403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Hippocampus (HC) injury by conventional whole brain radiotherapy (C-WBRT) contributes to the neurocognitive decline in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Hippocampal avoidance (HA-WBRT) could minimize neurocognitive impairment by reducing the radiation dose to HC. However, its feasibility in PCNSL has not been examined regarding the incidence of HC involvement and failures. In this retrospective study, we assessed the risk of hippocampal area involvement at diagnosis and after treatments in PCNSL patients. MATERIALS/METHODS We identified 278 immunocompetent PCNSL patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2020. After high dose methotrexate-based induction chemotherapy, patients were observed or given consolidation therapy including RT, cytarabine alone, or autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). HC was contoured on T1 MRI image and expanded with a 5mm margin, generating hippocampal avoidance region (HAR). The extent of initial and recurrent lesions was evaluated using pre-induction and post-consolidation T1 contrast-enhanced MRI images. HC failure was defined as recurrence or progression at HAR and those who progressed after induction were excluded. The median follow up was 38.7 months (3.1-239.4). RESULTS Of 278 patients diagnosed with PCNSL, 39.9% of them had initial lesions at HAR (Figure 1a). After induction therapy, 212 evaluable patients received following treatments: RT (n = 145, 68.4%) consisting of C-WBRT (n = 114), HA-WBRT (n = 23), and focal RT (n = 8), observation (n = 38, 17.9%), cytarabine only (24, 11.3%), and ASCT (n = 5, 2.4%). Intracranial failures occurred in 47.6% (n = 101) of patients, with 33.7% (n = 34) of them in HAR (Figure 1b). The multivariate analysis identified multifocal disease (HR 3.86, 95% CI 1.15-9.73, p = 0.004) as the only factor associated with the risk of HC failure. Those with unifocal lesion outside HAR showed the lowest HC failure rate, 7.0%, while the highest HC failure rate, 25.4% was observed in the subgroup with multifocal disease within HAR at diagnosis (Figure 2a). In the lowest risk group (unifocal lesion outside HAR, n = 66), C-WBRT was not significantly associated with HC failure (HR 0.57, CI 0.09-3.33, P = .572, Figure 2b) or intracranial failure (HR 0.88, CI 0.40-1.91, P = .748). CONCLUSION Our data suggest the HA-WBRT could be explored in patients whose lesion is unifocal and located outside HAR. For patients without initial HAR involvement, hippocampal including WBRT did not significantly change HC failure. Further prospective study will be warranted to assess the feasibility of HA-WBRT in the subgroup with low risk of HC failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ryu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - C K Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - T M Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S T Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Park JH, Lee JH, Chung BY, Kim JE, Shin JH, Oh SH, Choi M, Lee SH, Kim YC, Ryu HJ. Can we predict postinflammatory hyperpigmentation after laser treatment based on dermoscopic findings of solar lentigo? Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:130. [PMID: 37247095 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Solar lentigo (SL) commonly occurs as hyperpigmented macules in areas exposed to ultraviolet radiation. It typically shows an increased number of melanocytes in the basal cell layer of the skin, with or without elongated rete ridges. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the characteristic dermoscopic patterns, reflecting different histopathological features, which might be valuable in predicting the possibility of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurring after laser treatment. In total, 88 Korean patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven SL (a total of 90 lesions were diagnosed) between January, 2016 and December, 2021 were included. Histopathological patterns were classified into six categories. Dermoscopic features were classified into six categories. Pseudonetwork pattern and rete ridge elongation showed a statistically significant negative correlation. This means that a flatter epidermis is likely to manifest as a pseudonetwork pattern. The erythema pattern showed a significant positive correlation with interface changes and inflammatory infiltration. Bluish-gray granules (peppering), a characteristic dermoscopic finding, showed significant positive correlations with interface changes, inflammatory infiltration, and dermal melanophages. Clinicians considering laser treatment for patients with SL should perform dermoscopic tests before treatment. The pseudonetwork relates to flattened epidermis and fewer Langerhans cells; thus, a lower remission of PIH after laser treatment might be expected. If bluish-gray granules or erythema are observed, inflammatory conditions are likely to be involved. In such cases, regression of the inflammatory response through drug therapy, such as topical corticosteroids, should be a priority option before laser treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Heon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Chan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University Hospital, 164 World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-Si, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Jeokgeum-Ro 123, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Park JH, Jeong JY, Ryu HJ, Kim IH. A Pilot Split-Neck Case Study to Compare the Efficacy of the Long-Pulsed 755 nm Laser and the 532 nm Picosecond Laser for Acrochordon Removal. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:S67-S70. [PMID: 37853869 PMCID: PMC10608399 DOI: 10.5021/ad.20.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous papillomas or acrochorda usually appear after the 4th decade of life in areas with skin folds. Conventional methods of removal are associated with bleeding problems, pain and prolonged sequelae. Thus, acrochorda removal with lasers has gained attention. In this study, we compared the efficacy of two popular laser types with different wavelengths and pulse widths for removal of skin tags. A 60-year-old Korean male noticed skin tags on his neck bilaterally. All tags were treated in a single session, on one side with a picosecond (ps)-domain 532 nm Nd:YAG laser and on the contralateral side with a long-pulsed (LP) 755 nm alexandrite laser. The endpoint for the ps-532 laser was immediate whitening, while that for the LP and quasi-LP (QLP) 755 lasers were visible changes on the surface of the lesion. Antibiotic ointment was applied, dressing was done and clinical photographs were taken. Both lasers effectively removed the skin tags at all settings in a single session without bleeding and with minimal discomfort. Crust formation occurred on both sides with natural shedding within 1 to 2 weeks. Transient erythema lasted longer in the tags treated with the ps-532 laser. At the 5th month of follow-up, residual lesions were detected on the field treated with the ps-532 laser. No persistent side effects such as scarring or postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) were observed. In conclusion, both the ps-532 nm Nd:YAG and the 755 nm alexandrite lasers ensured safe and effective removal of skin tags in a single session without adverse sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Heon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
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12
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Ryu HJ, Suh DH, Kim HS. 33527 What is the most effective picosecond laser protocol for tattoo removal? A comparative study by histopathologic review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.06.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Ryu HJ, Suh DH, Kim HS, Lee SJ, Song KY, Park BG. 33527 What is the most effective picosecond laser protocol for tattoo removal? A comparative study by histopathologic review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.06.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Ryu HJ, Suh DH, Kim HJ, Lee SJ, Song KY, Park BG. 33528 Triple-wavelength diode laser (755 nm, 810 nm, and 1064 nm): Preliminary efficacy and safety for skin-tightening. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.06.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Ryu HJ, Suh DH, Kim HJ, Park TJ, Jeong JY, Lee SJ, Kim KE, Park JH. 26551 Photothermal therapy using gold nanoparticles on the acne in Asians: Preliminary study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Suh DH, Jeong JY, Lee SJ, Song KY, Ryu HJ. Can a radiofrequency device reduce the pore size? Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1203-1208. [PMID: 34250567 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A facial pore is an empty funnel-shaped structure filled with cornified cylindrical plugs that can be cosmetically bothersome to some patients. In the previous report, the new unipolar radiofrequency (RF) device with a vacuum showed excellent skin tightening and patient satisfaction with improved pores. This study aims to confirm the treatment's efficacy with the new unipolar RF device on facial dilated pores by measuring quantitative sebum production differences and doing a histologic examination of pore size. Twelve patients who visited the dermatologic clinic without other underlying inflammatory facial skin diseases were included, regardless of the patient's age or sex. All patients received five successive treatments at 2-week intervals. We assessed all changes in sebum production levels, melanin index, erythema index before and after treatment, along with overall improvement (reduction of pore size, skin tone, skin texture, and skin laxity). In the five patients who agreed in advance, a biopsy of the pore lesion was taken before and 1 month after the last treatment with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson's trichrome (M-T) staining, and Victoria blue staining. We observed a significant reduction of sebum production and melanin index after using the new unipolar RF device with a vacuum (sebum production, p = 0.011; MI, p = 0.004). In evaluating patient satisfaction for four categories, the patients showed a moderate to the excellent improvement of more than 50% in their condition except for skin tones. The average pore size decreased by 41.7% in the histological examination, from 64.98 to 37.86 μm. Additionally, we observed an overall decreased sebaceous gland in the dermis and the proliferation of dermal collagen fiber. The number of elastic bundles in the D-E junction was increased after treatment. The nonablative unipolar RF devices with a vacuum can improve dilated pores with a dual mechanism (collagen regeneration and reduction of sebum production), with much less pain than other RF devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Yong Song
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, Republic of Korea.
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Ryu HJ, Kim BY, Ryu SI, Kim NY, Ko JY, Ro YS, Kim IH, Kim JE. "New classification of late and delayed complications after dermal filler: Localized or Generalized?". J COSMET LASER THER 2021; 22:244-252. [PMID: 33957852 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2021.1922703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: As filler injections have become very common procedures worldwide, the number of complications has increased. However, there is a lack of systematized studies and precise classification of late and delayed complications. This study aimed to suggest new and reliable classifications and to characterize the clinical manifestations of late and delayed complications after filler injections.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients and suggested a new classification of delayed adverse effects related to filler injection. Several demographic and clinical findings were analyzed. Patients were classified into two types according to their clinical presentation: Type I (Localized) or Type II (Generalized).Results: Twenty-five patients were evaluated during a clinically active adverse event suspected to be related to fillers. The most common injected filler substance was hyaluronic acid (HA, 68.8%). 76% of the patients were classified with Localized complications. In the Generalized complications group, systemic symptoms were more common (p=0.002), the treatment response was poor (p=0.010), and fewer patients showed complete remission (p=0.007) than in the Localized complications group.Conclusions: We propose a simple new classification method for late and delayed complications after dermal filler: Localized and Generalized. We expect that this new classification could help provide appropriate treatment and predict patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sook In Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Na Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Ko
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suck Ro
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Kim KE, Moon HR, Ryu HJ. Dermoscopic Findings and the Clinicopathologic Correlation of Pigmented Purpuric Dermatosis: A Retrospective Review of 60 Cases. Ann Dermatol 2021; 33:214-221. [PMID: 34079180 PMCID: PMC8137322 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2021.33.3.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pigmented purpuric dermatosis (PPD) is known as a chronic recurrent eruption which usually presents with petechiae and pigmented macules on the lower extremities. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool in identifying pigmented and vascular lesions, which can also be beneficial in the evaluation of PPD. Objective We aimed to analyze the common dermoscopic characteristics of PPD, and correlate those findings with the histopathologic features. Additionally, dermoscopic and pathological findings in this study population were compared with other similar studies from the literature review. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed using data of 60 patients who were diagnosed as PPD by skin biopsy and had dermoscopic examination. The pathologic analysis was performed by categorizing the pattern into lichenoid, perivascular, interface, and spongiotic subtype, and the dermoscopic assessment was performed by the three authors independently. Results In dermoscopy, 96.7% of the patients showed red globules and dots, followed by brownish patch, coppery-red pigmentation, and annular comma-like vessels. The pathologic pattern analysis revealed statistically significant association of lichenoid pattern with coppery red pigmentation, perivascular pattern with annular/comma-like vessels, and spongiosis pattern with reticular pigmented network and linear vessels. The interrater similarity test showed total kappa value of 0.811 which referred to "very good". Conclusion In this study, the prevalence of dermoscopic features in Asian PPD patients was identified, which was similar with previous studies. The dermoscopic-pathologic correlation was found in four dermoscopic features. We suggest that dermoscopic examination is helpful in clinical diagnosis and pathological prediction of PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | | | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
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19
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In Ryu S, Suh DH, Lee SJ, Kim KE, Jeong JY, Ryu HJ. Efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light using a dual-band filter for the treatment of facial acne vulgaris. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:531-536. [PMID: 33730239 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Intense pulsed light (IPL) devices have been used in acne treatment in combination with conventional topical and oral medications. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IPL treatment using a dual-band filter (400-600 nm and 800-1200 nm) in facial acne vulgaris treatment. Twenty-three acne vulgaris patients were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated on both sides of the face. The treatments were performed in 2-week intervals for a total of five sessions. The final visit for the clinical evaluation was 2 weeks after the fifth treatment session. The mean number of papules, pustules, and comedones, and the melanin index, was significantly decreased at the final visit. However, sebum production and the erythema index showed no statistically significant differences after treatment. IPL treatment using a dual-band filter can be an alternative for patients who are unfit for systemic acne medication. It can also be used with conventional acne treatment for better treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook In Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Jeokgeum-ro 123(Gojan-dong), Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, South Korea
| | - Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Jeokgeum-ro 123(Gojan-dong), Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, South Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Jeokgeum-ro 123(Gojan-dong), Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, South Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Jeokgeum-ro 123(Gojan-dong), Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, South Korea.
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20
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Suh DH, Park TJ, Jeong JY, Kim KE, Park JH, Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Ryu HJ. Photothermal therapy using gold nanoparticles for acne in Asian patients: A preliminary study. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e14918. [PMID: 33631028 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a common skin disease that occurs in pilosebaceous units and is often prevalent in adolescence. There are many acne treatments, but they are associated with side effects, such as antibiotic resistance, teratogenicity, and irritation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more effective and safe alternative treatment for managing acne in patients of all ages. This study aimed to confirm the effect of gold photothermal therapy for acne. About 12 patients who visited the dermatologic clinic with moderate to severe acne vulgaris were included in the study, regardless of age or sex. All patients received three successive treatments at 1- to 2-week intervals with a photopneumatic device after applying the contents of a gold nanoparticle ample to the skin. Changes in the number of papules, pustules, and comedones before and after treatment, along with the overall improvement, were assessed. In four patients, a biopsy was taken before and 1 month after the last treatment. Significant reductions in acne lesions were observed after the use of gold photothermal therapy (papules, P = .001; pustules, P < .001; and comedones, P = .001). As noted in the Physician Global Assessment, the patients showed an average improvement of more than 50% in their condition. In the histopathological findings, a decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrotic changes of the dermis were observed after gold photothermal therapy. Gold photothermal therapy showed significant clinical and histological improvements in acne vulgaris in Asians without serious adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Jong Heon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Kim
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
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Suh DH, Oh H, Yeong Jeong J, In Ryu S, Jun Lee S, Joo Kim H, Yeun Chang K, Sub Kim H, Jung Ryu H. 16785 Relationship between acne and use of cosmetics: Results of a questionnaire study in 216 Korean individuals. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Suh DH, Jun Park T, Yeong Jeong J, Kim KE, Jun Lee S, Joo Kim H, Yeun Chang K, Sub Kim H, Jung Ryu H. 16774 Gold photothermal therapy on acne of Asians: Preliminary study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Ryu HJ, Kim BY, Ryu SI, Ro YS, Kim IH, Eun Kim J. 17163 New classification of late and delayed complications after dermal filler: Localized or generalized? J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Suh DH, Oh H, Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Ryu HJ. Relationship between acne and the use of cosmetics: Results of a questionnaire study in 539 Korean individuals. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:2172-2178. [PMID: 33206430 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatological diseases, and it is known that various factors are related to triggering this condition in a patient. In particular, although the use of cosmetics is thought to be associated with the onset of a patient developing acne, there are few studies that have been conducted to date on this disease and its related factors. METHODS To begin with, a total of 539 patients with acne vulgaris, who visited three dermatologic clinics in Korea, were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their condition in relation to clinical features and exacerbating factors, including the use of cosmetics. The patients all provided an accurate acne treatment history as well. RESULTS Among the respondents, 38.1% of patients who failed treatment answered that the condition of their acne was worsened by the continued use of cosmetics, which was significantly higher than 26.3% of the surveyed treatment-naive patients (P < .05). In this relation, double cleansing (cleansing twice using oil and water-based cleanser) and the number of cosmetics in use were also noted in higher numbers than in the treatment-failure patients. As noted, the liquid-type foundation and concealer were frequently used in this group. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the influence of cosmetics, especially in acne patients with a history of treatment failures. These results also show differences according to specific cosmetic types and formulations. Therefore, overall dermatologists should consider advising about cosmetic use to acne patients along with medical treatment options for the patients with acne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haneul Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jung YJ, Ro YS, Ryu HJ, Kim JE. Therapeutic effects of a new invasive pulsed-type bipolar radiofrequency for facial erythema associated with acne vulgaris and rosacea. J COSMET LASER THER 2020; 22:205-209. [PMID: 33650938 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2021.1880599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Facial erythema from rosacea and acne is one of the most common problems encountered in dermatologic clinics. Effective therapeutic interventions for persistent erythema, which can cause patients frustration and psychological distress, are needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an invasive short pulsed-type bipolar radiofrequency device (IPBRF) for the treatment of intractable facial erythema. Thirty-one patients who had been diagnosed with rosacea or acne vulgaris and combined erythema underwent at least two IPBRF treatment sessions (maximum: 5) at 2-week intervals. Treatment outcomes were evaluated by investigator global assessment (IGA) based on clinical photographs, patient global assessment (PGA) score, and skin biophysical parameters including erythema index (EI), melanin index (MI), and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Most patients showed significant clinical improvement. IGA scores for erythema, pores and smoothness improved after treatment. PGA also showed a trend toward improvement. Mean EI was significantly improved after the second treatment compared to baseline, which maintained until the study period. MI and TEWL showed a tendency toward improvement. There were no serious adverse events reported during the study. IPBRF led to rapid clinical improvement in facial erythema associated with rosacea and acne vulgaris and could be an effective and safe treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jin Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suck Ro
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ryu HJ, Park JH, Choi M, Jung JH, Han K, Kwon DY, Kim DH, Park YG. Parkinson's disease and skin cancer risk: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2775-2780. [PMID: 32289877 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a significantly lower risk of cancer. Studies reporting prevalence of skin cancers in Parkinson's disease mostly involve Caucasians. OBJECTIVE A nationwide population-based study was conducted to determine the risk of skin cancer in patients diagnosed with PD in Korea. METHODS Data obtained from National Health Insurance Claims records were used to retrieve information about 70 780 patients with newly diagnosed PD between January 2010 and December 2015. The control group included 353 900 sex- and age-matched patients without PD. In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we investigated the association between PD and skin cancer. RESULTS The overall hazard ratio (HR) of skin cancers in patients with PD was 1.169 (95% CI, 1.005-1.359) compared with non-PD group. Among patients with PD, males aged above 65 had a 2.8-fold increase in the risk for melanoma development than the non-PD group (HR, 2.825; 95% CI, 1.395-5.721). In addition, female PD patients aged above 65 years showed a 1.3-fold increase in non-melanoma skin cancer risk than the non-PD group (HR, 1.305; 95% 1.073-1.589). CONCLUSION Compared with the general population, Korean patients diagnosed with PD had a greater risk of skin cancer. Especially, male patients aged 65 years and above, and diagnosed with PD had a significant risk of melanoma development compared with control.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - M Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - J-H Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D-Y Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - D-H Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Y-G Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kim CM, Kim BY, Hye Suh D, Lee SJ, Moon HR, Ryu HJ. The efficacy of powdered polydioxanone in terms of collagen production compared with poly-L-lactic acid in a murine model. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1893-1898. [PMID: 30809959 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are many collagen-stimulating fillers, including calcium hydroxyapatite, polycaprolactone (PCL), and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), and other materials have been tested. Polydioxanone (PDO) has recently been used as absorbable thread-lifting material due to its collagen-forming effects. PDO in powdered form is expected to be a good material for collagen-producing fillers. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the collagen-producing effects of powdered PDO injection compared with PLLA injection in a murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Powdered PDO mixed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, PLLA, and phosphate-buffered saline was injected on dorsal skin of 8-week-old rat. Tissue samples were obtained 1, 2, and 12 weeks after the procedures for histopathologic review and for real-time PCR to quantify collagen and tissue growth factors. RESULTS Both PLLA and powdered PDO injections induced granulomatous reactions. Collagen type 1, collagen type 3, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 showed increases 2 weeks after injection but decreased 12 weeks after injection for both powdered PDO and PLLA. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that powdered PDO injection induces collagen formation more effectively than PLLA injection. Therefore, PDO can be a good option for forming collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | | | | | - Hye Rim Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
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Lee JM, Ryu SI, Kim JI, Park S, Kim IH, Park MS, Ryu HJ. Contribution of Container Types on Cosmetics Contamination. Ann Dermatol 2019; 31:588-590. [PMID: 33911656 PMCID: PMC7992568 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2019.31.5.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sook In Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Ryu HJ, Park JH, Ryu SI, Kim BY, Chun SH. Successfully Treated Severe Acne Using Selective Electrothermolysis in a Patient with Nephrotic Syndrome. Ann Dermatol 2019; 31:75-77. [PMID: 33911543 PMCID: PMC7992709 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2019.31.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is very common in adolescents and young adults. Although there are various conventional treatment modalities, some patients are prone to side effects and need alternative options. A 22-year-old male patient who were treated with high dose systemic steroid for his nephrotic syndrome, encountered severe acne on his face and neck. Since the patient's medical condition was unable to administer systemic agent, he was treated with the selective electrothermolysis device. The sebaceous gland targeting treatment by selective electrothermolysis with microneedle radiofrequency device, had minimal adverse effect and the skin lesions improved dramatically. The patient was satisfied and did not want further treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sook In Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Suh DH, Park JH, Kim BY, Lee SJ, Moon JH, Ryu HJ. Double stacking cryolipolysis treatment of the abdominal fat with use of a novel contoured applicator. J COSMET LASER THER 2018; 21:238-242. [PMID: 30285505 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2018.1525742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cryolipolysis is a noninvasive method for the selective reduction of subcutaneous fat. The abdomen and flank area are most commonly treated sites and now the treatment efficacy became the important issue. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of double stacking cryolipolysis treatment with the novel contoured applicator for abdominal fat reduction. Materials and methods: 12 healthy Korean were treated using cryolipolysis contact device. The device was applied on participant's left lower abdomen. Performance was held for 35 minutes and immediately repeated the second performance. The right abdomen was left untreated. Participants were examined with high resolution ultrasound and the depth of subcutaneous fat layer was measured initially and 8 weeks after the sessions. Any adverse events were assessed during the entire study period. Results: The subjective reduction of abdominal fat was noted in most participants. No serious adverse events was reported. Reduction of subcutaneous fat layer depth was confirmed in high resolution ultrasound after 8 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that abdominal fat can be reduced effectively by the novel cryolipolysis applicator. With subjective satisfaction of participants our study shows that double stacking treatment appears safe and well tolerated with enhanced treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic , Seoul , Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital , Ansan , Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital , Ansan , Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic , Seoul , Korea
| | | | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital , Ansan , Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
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Kim CM, Jeong SH, Lee H, Ryu HJ, Son SW. Silver nanoparticles induce Egr-1-dependent psoriasin expression via the ERK and p38 pathways. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 44:390-396. [PMID: 30251408 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) can prevent bacterial infection and improve cutaneous wound healing owing to their antimicrobial activity. However, the mechanism of their antimicrobial activity is poorly understood. AIM To determine the mechanistic relationship between Ag-NP treatment and expression of psoriasin. METHODS Human epidermal keratinocytes, neonatal (HEKn) were used. Psoriasin mRNA expression was measured by reverse transcription PCR and real-time PCR. Western blotting was performed to verify expression of early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and psoriasin, and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Psoriasin promoter activity by Egr-1 was detected by a luciferase assay. RESULTS Treatment of HEKn with Ag-NPs induced psoriasin mRNA and protein expression. Upregulation of psoriasin promoter activity was also observed in the luciferase assay. Ag-NPs increased Egr-1 expression, promoter activity and nuclear translocation in HEKn. Psoriasin luciferase activity was increased in HEKn transfected with Egr-1 pcDNA 3.1. Ag-NPs activated MAPK pathways including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. The upregulation of Egr-1 expression by Ag-NP stimulation was inhibited by ERK and p38 inhibitors, but not by a JNK inhibitor. Psoriasin expression was reduced in Egr-1 small interfering RNA-transfected HEKn. CONCLUSIONS Ag-NP treatment induces upregulation of psoriasin expression through Egr-1 expression. We suggest that the ERK and p38 pathways are involved in Egr-1-dependent psoriasin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kim
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Jeong
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Lee
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Ryu
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Son
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Moon HR, Park TJ, Ro KW, Ryu HJ, Seo SH, Son SW, Kim IH. Pigmentation of basal cell carcinoma is inversely associated with tumor aggressiveness in Asian patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 80:1755-1757. [PMID: 30003992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Ki Woong Ro
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Soo Hong Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Wook Son
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea.
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Shin JJ, Park TJ, Kim BY, Kim CM, Suh DH, Lee SJ, Moon HR, Ryu HJ. Comparative effects of various absorbable threads in a rat model. J COSMET LASER THER 2018; 21:158-162. [DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2018.1493511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Jin Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hye Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chun SH, Kim BY, Park JH, Kim IH, Ryu HJ. Simultaneous Presentation of Trichilemmal Carcinoma and Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum within a Nevus Sebaceous. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:368-370. [PMID: 29853758 PMCID: PMC5929961 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.3.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Ryu WI, Lee H, Bae HC, Jeon J, Ryu HJ, Kim J, Kim JH, Son JW, Kim J, Imai Y, Yamanishi K, Jeong SH, Son SW. IL-33 down-regulates CLDN1 expression through the ERK/STAT3 pathway in keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Dermatology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Gyeonggi-do, Ansan,Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Kyoung Jung
- CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Dermatology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Kim
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Dermatology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Gyeonggi-do, Ansan,Republic of Korea
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Chun SH, Kim BY, Kim CM, Park JB, Ryu HJ. A Case of Wolf's Isotopic Response Presenting as Bullous Pemphigoid. Ann Dermatol 2017; 29:499-500. [PMID: 28761305 PMCID: PMC5500722 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2017.29.4.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Chang Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Beom Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Korea
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Suh DH, Kim CM, Lee SJ, Kim H, Yeom SK, Ryu HJ. Safety and efficacy of a non-contact radiofrequency device for body contouring in Asians. J COSMET LASER THER 2017; 19:89-92. [DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2016.1256486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hye Suh
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Dermatology, Yoksam-dong, KangNam-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Kim
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Dermatology, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Dermatology, Yoksam-dong, KangNam-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Kim
- Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Dermatology, Yoksam-dong, KangNam-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Keu Yeom
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Dermatology, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Dermatology, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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Ryu HJ, Lee JM, Jang HW, Park HC, Rhyu IJ, Kim IH. Morphologic Changes of Zebrafish Melanophore after Intense Pulsed Light and Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation. Ann Dermatol 2016; 28:711-717. [PMID: 27904270 PMCID: PMC5125952 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.6.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the pulse-in-pulse mode of intense pulsed light (IPL) has been used increasingly for the treatment of melasma. Objective To observe the morphologic changes in the melanophore in adult zebrafish after irradiation with conventional and pulse-in-pulse IPL and Q-switched Nd:YAG (QSNY) laser. Methods Adult zebrafish were irradiated with conventional and pulse-in-pulse mode of IPL. The conditions for conventional IPL were 3 mJ/cm2, 560 nm filter, and pulse widths of 7, 20, and 35 msec. The pulse-in-pulse conditions were 3 mJ/cm2 and on-time 1/off-time 2. The QSNY laser was used with the settings of 1,064 nm, 0.4 J/cm2, a 7 mm spot size, and one shot. Specimens were observed using a light microscope, a transmission electron microscope (TEM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a confocal microscope. Results After conventional IPL irradiation with a 7 msec pulse width, melanophore breakage was observed using light microscopy. Under TEM, irradiation with conventional IPL for 7 msec and pulse-in-pulse IPL induced melanophore thermolysis with vacuolization. However, changes in the melanophore were not observed with 35 msec IPL. Under SEM, unlike the control and QSNY groups, IPL-irradiated zebrafish showed finger-like fusion in the protein structure of scales. Specimens examined by a confocal microscope after conventional IPL irradiation showed a larger green-stained area on TUNEL staining than that after pulse-in-pulse mode IPL irradiation. Conclusion Zebrafish irradiated with long pulse-IPL showed no morphologic changes using light microscopy, while morphological changes in melanophores were evident with use of TEM. Pulse-in-pulse mode IPL caused less damage than conventional IPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Won Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Chul Park
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Im Joo Rhyu
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jang HW, Chun SH, Park HC, Ryu HJ, Kim IH. Comparative study of dual-pulsed 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and single-pulsed 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser by using zebrafish model and prospective split-face analysis of facial melasma. J COSMET LASER THER 2016; 19:114-123. [PMID: 27911108 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2016.1262958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently dual-pulsed low-fluence 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG (QSNY) laser has been developed for reducing complication during melasma treatment. OBJECTIVE Comparison of the efficacy and safety between dual-pulsed mode and single-pulsed mode for the treatment of melasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS In preclinical study, adult zebrafish were irradiated with dual-pulsed and single-pulsed mode. Changes of melanophore and cell death were assessed. In split-face clinical study, dual-pulsed and single-pulsed mode were irradiated on the left and right side of the face, respectively. L* value, clinical digital photos, modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) scores, and side effects were measured. RESULTS As compared to single-pulsed mode and dual-pulsed mode with longer intervals, zebrafish melanophore was cleared quickly at dual-pulsed mode with 80-μsec interval and 0.3 J/cm2 fluence. Dual-pulsed mode showed the least regeneration of melanophore at 4 weeks after irradiation and no cell death was observed with 80-μsec interval. Both pulse modes improved melasma significantly but modified MASI score and L* value were not significantly different between each other. Lesser pain and shorter duration of post-laser erythema were observed with dual-pulsed mode. CONCLUSION Dual-pulsed mode was as effective as single-pulsed mode for the treatment of melasma and revealed less side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Won Jang
- a Department of Dermatology , Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic , Seoul , Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Chun
- b Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine , Korea University Ansan Hospital , Ansan , Korea
| | - Hae Chul Park
- c Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine , Korea University , Ansan , Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- b Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine , Korea University Ansan Hospital , Ansan , Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- b Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine , Korea University Ansan Hospital , Ansan , Korea
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Lee H, Ryu WI, Kim HJ, Bae HC, Ryu HJ, Shin JJ, Song KH, Kim TW, Son SW. TSLP Down-Regulates S100A7 and ß-Defensin 2 Via the JAK2/STAT3-Dependent Mechanism. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2427-2435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ablative CO2 fractional lasers have recently been introduced for burn scar treatment because of pronounced clinical outcomes with fewer treatment sessions than nonablative fractional laser. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to observe clinical as well as histologic changes of burn scars after treatment with CO2 fractional laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven patients (one female and 10 males, aged 31-59 years) with skin phototypes III to V with burn scars received 10 sessions of fractional CO2 laser treatments (UltraPulse(®) Encore; Lumenis, Santa Clara, CA, USA) over an average 5-week interval. Two passes were performed using the following parameters: deep FX mode, 12.5-30 mJ, with a density setting of 5-10 %. Clinical evaluations by three blinded dermatologists were obtained at baseline and at 6 months after the final treatment via photographs using the Vancouver scar scale (VSS). Skin biopsies were done on four patients before and after treatment. RESULTS All patients showed clinical improvement in their scars with significant decrease in VSS. Histologic findings showed the changes in the upper dermis with newly formed dermal papilla. This characteristic upper dermis change was presented as improvement in surface smoothness and skin tension clinically. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and itching sensation were the most common adverse effects. CONCLUSION Burn scar treatment by fractional CO2 laser is effective by forming new collagen fibers mainly in the upper dermis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jun Lee
- Dermatology, Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hye Suh
- Dermatology, Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Inchon-ro 73(Anam-dong 5ga), Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-705, Korea
| | - Kye-Yong Song
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Inchon-ro 73(Anam-dong 5ga), Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-705, Korea.
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Jang HW, Ryu HJ, Kim IH, Son SW. Segmental Neurofibromatosis with Visceral Neurofibromas. Ann Dermatol 2016; 28:253-4. [PMID: 27081279 PMCID: PMC4828395 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.2.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Won Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Son
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee O, Lee SH, Jeong SH, Kim J, Ryu HJ, Oh C, Son SW. A quantitative study of nanoparticle skin penetration with interactive segmentation. Med Biol Eng Comput 2015; 54:1469-79. [PMID: 26589318 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-015-1405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, the application of nanotechnology techniques has expanded within diverse areas such as pharmacology, medicine, and optical science. Despite such wide-ranging possibilities for implementation into practice, the mechanisms behind nanoparticle skin absorption remain unknown. Moreover, the main mode of investigation has been qualitative analysis. Using interactive segmentation, this study suggests a method of objectively and quantitatively analyzing the mechanisms underlying the skin absorption of nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were assessed using transmission electron microscopy and applied to the human skin equivalent model. Captured fluorescence images of this model were used to evaluate degrees of skin penetration. These images underwent interactive segmentation and image processing in addition to statistical quantitative analyses of calculated image parameters including the mean, integrated density, skewness, kurtosis, and area fraction. In images from both groups, the distribution area and intensity of fluorescent silica gradually increased in proportion to time. Since statistical significance was achieved after 2 days in the negative charge group and after 4 days in the positive charge group, there is a periodic difference. Furthermore, the quantity of silica per unit area showed a dramatic change after 6 days in the negative charge group. Although this quantitative result is identical to results obtained by qualitative assessment, it is meaningful in that it was proven by statistical analysis with quantitation by using image processing. The present study suggests that the surface charge of SNPs could play an important role in the percutaneous absorption of NPs. These findings can help achieve a better understanding of the percutaneous transport of NPs. In addition, these results provide important guidance for the design of NPs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onseok Lee
- Department of Medical IT Engineering, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, Chungnam, Korea
| | - See Hyun Lee
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of the Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Jeong
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of the Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Research Institute for Skin Image, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of the Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chilhwan Oh
- Research Institute for Skin Image, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Son
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Nanomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Division of the Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Research Institute for Skin Image, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-705, Korea.
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Kwon IH, Ahn HH, Ryu HJ, Rhyu IJ. Sudden appearance of black macules on palmar aspect of two university chemistry students. Int J Dermatol 2015; 55:e167-9. [PMID: 26518909 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- In Hyuk Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyo Hyun Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Im Joo Rhyu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Park KR, Seo MR, Ryu HJ, Chi MJ, Baek HJ, Choi HJ. Acquired enophthalmos with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2015; 25:88-92. [PMID: 26306741 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315600245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ocular involvement sometimes occurs with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but enophthalmos with SLE is rare. We report a case of enophthalmos with SLE. A 25-year-old male was admitted for two weeks of fever, sore throat, arthralgia, chest pain and right arm weakness with pain. We diagnosed him with SLE with malar rash, arthritis, pleural effusion, proteinuria, leukopenia, positive antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, and lupus anticoagulant. The patient was prescribed high-dose prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine 400 mg. One week after discharge, he complained about a sensation of a sunken right eye. CT showed right enophthalmos, a post-inflammatory change and chronic inflammation. Proteinuria increased to 3.8 g/day after the patient stopped taking prednisolone. Cyclophosphamide therapy was administered for three months without improvement. We decided to restart prednisolone and change cyclophosphamide to mycophenolate mofetil. Proteinuria decreased but enophthalmos remains as of this reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Park
- Gachon University GiI Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Incheon, the Republic of Korea
| | - M R Seo
- Gachon University GiI Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Incheon, the Republic of Korea
| | - H J Ryu
- Gachon University GiI Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Incheon, the Republic of Korea
| | - M J Chi
- Gachon University Gil Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Incheon, the Republic of Korea
| | - H J Baek
- Gachon University GiI Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Incheon, the Republic of Korea
| | - H J Choi
- Gachon University GiI Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Incheon, the Republic of Korea
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Ryu WI, Lee H, Kim JH, Bae HC, Ryu HJ, Son SW. IL-33 induces Egr-1-dependent TSLP expression via the MAPK pathways in human keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:857-63. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-In Ryu
- Department of Dermatology; Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Dermatology; Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Bae
- Department of Dermatology; Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology; Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Sang Wook Son
- Department of Dermatology; Division of Brain Korea 21 Project for Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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