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Validation of a Machine Learning Expert Supporting System, ImmunoGenius, Using Immunohistochemistry Results of 3000 Patients with Lymphoid Neoplasms. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071308. [PMID: 37046526 PMCID: PMC10093096 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Differential diagnosis using immunohistochemistry (IHC) panels is a crucial step in the pathological diagnosis of hematolymphoid neoplasms. In this study, we evaluated the prediction accuracy of the ImmunoGenius software using nationwide data to validate its clinical utility. (2) Methods: We collected pathologically confirmed lymphoid neoplasms and their corresponding IHC results from 25 major university hospitals in Korea between 2015 and 2016. We tested ImmunoGenius using these real IHC panel data and compared the precision hit rate with previously reported diagnoses. (3) Results: We enrolled 3052 cases of lymphoid neoplasms with an average of 8.3 IHC results. The precision hit rate was 84.5% for these cases, whereas it was 95.0% for 984 in-house cases. (4) Discussion: ImmunoGenius showed excellent results in most B-cell lymphomas and generally showed equivalent performance in T-cell lymphomas. The primary reasons for inaccurate precision were atypical IHC profiles of certain cases, lack of disease-specific markers, and overlapping IHC profiles of similar diseases. We verified that the machine-learning algorithm could be applied for diagnosis precision with a generally acceptable hit rate in a nationwide dataset. Clinical and histological features should also be taken into account for the proper use of this system in the decision-making process.
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A Cadaver Study Confirming the Location of Dye after Trigeminal Ganglion Rhizotomy. Pain Physician 2021; 24:E341-E348. [PMID: 33988956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy demonstrates an excellent treatment outcome with a high success rate among patients of intractable trigeminal neuralgia. The triangular plexus which is an immediate retrogasserian portion of the trigeminal root is suggested as the best place of lesioning during radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy. However, the anatomy of the triangular plexus has been relatively unrecognized, while the anatomical study related to therapeutic procedure is scarce. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to confirm with gross and microscopic finding of the trigeminal system whether, if an electrode tip is placed on the petroclival junction in lateral cranial view, it actually arrives at the triangular plexus or not. In relation to therapeutic procedure, we examined the triangular plexus with morphological and histological methods. STUDY DESIGN Human cadaveric study. SETTING An anatomical laboratory in South Korea. METHODS Percutaneous procedure of radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy under C-arm guidance was performed in 8 cadavers. Final target of the electrode tip was the petroclival junction under true lateral cranial view. The location of the electrode tip was determined under observation of the presence of an injected dye. Triangular plexus size was measured grossly and microscopically. Gross and microscopic evaluation of the triangular plexus was performed. RESULTS Among 15 trigeminal systems, 8 showed dye appearance in the triangular plexus, while 6 showed it in the trigeminal ganglion. Overall, 53% of radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy could reach the triangular plexus when an electrode tip was placed on the petroclival junction. The grossly measured average triangular plexus vertical and transverse diameters were 0.8 cm and 1.3 cm, respectively. LIMITATION Only radiologic landmark was used to confirm the location of the electrode tip. However, further study confirming the location of the electrode tip under the guidance of electrical stimulation is needed. CONCLUSION When an electrode tip was placed on the petroclival junction, 53% of radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy could reach the triangular plexus.
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Classification of malignant lymphoma subtypes in Korean patients: a report of the 4th nationwide study. J Hematop 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-019-00369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Up-regulation of MicroRNA 146b is Associated with Myelofibrosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE 2015; 45:308-314. [PMID: 26116595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, our goal was to evaluate whether the expressions of microRNA (miR)-150, miR-146b, miR-31 and miR-95 demonstrate primary myelofibrosis (PMF) specificity, associations with fibrosis grade, hematologic phenotypes, or myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)-associated mutations. A total of 51 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded bone marrow MPN samples, including 15 polycythemia vera (PV), 26 essential thrombocythemia (ET), and 10 PMF, and 24 normal controls were included. The expression of microRNA (miRNA) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using miRNA specific primers. RNU6-2 was analyzed for all samples as endogenous control for relative quantification. Information for fibrosis, hematologic parameters, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F, and calreticulin (CALR) mutations was obtained from medical records. Significant increment of miR-146b was detected in PMF compared to normal controls (P=0.008). Moreover, expression of miR-146b tended to increase according to increment of fibrosis grade, and patients with myelofibrosis (MF) grade 3 showed significantly higher expression than patients with MF 0 to 2 (P=0.022, 0.001 and 0.013, respectively) or normal controls (P<0.001). The expression of miR-31 also showed tendency to increase following fibrosis and miR-150 showed up-regulated expression in ET (P=0.015) compared to normal control. There was no relationship between miRNA expression and hematologic indices except miR-95 showed negative correlation with platelet count (P=0.024). There was no significant correlation between miRNA expression and JAK2 V617F or CALR mutation. Up-regulation of miR-146b could be used as a fibrosis-indicating marker and might be helpful in the study of fibrotic mechanism in MPN, as well as other fibrotic diseases.
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PATHOME: an algorithm for accurately detecting differentially expressed subpathways. Oncogene 2014; 33:4941-51. [PMID: 24681952 PMCID: PMC4182295 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The translation of high-throughput gene expression data into biologically meaningful information remains a bottleneck. We developed a novel computational algorithm, PATHOME, for detecting differentially expressed biological pathways. This algorithm employs straightforward statistical tests to evaluate the significance of differential expression patterns along subpathways. Applying it to gene expression data sets of gastric cancer (GC), we compared its performance with those of other leading programs. Based on a literature-driven reference set, PATHOME showed greater consistency in identifying known cancer-related pathways. For the WNT pathway uniquely identified by PATHOME, we validated its involvement in gastric carcinogenesis through experimental perturbation of both cell lines and animal models. We identified HNF4α-WNT5A regulation in the cross-talk between the AMPK metabolic pathway and the WNT signaling pathway, and further identified WNT5A as a potential therapeutic target for GC. We have demonstrated PATHOME to be a powerful tool, with improved sensitivity for identifying disease-related dysregulated pathways.
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Evaluation of Bronchiolar and Alveolar Cell Injuries Induced by Short- and Long-term Exposure to Sidestream Smoke. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 46:151-61. [PMID: 23109995 PMCID: PMC3479787 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2012.46.2.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background We investigated effects of short- and long-term exposure to sidestream smoke on the bronchiolar and alveolar cells in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Rats were divided into five experimental groups: groups 1, 2, and 3 (1-month exposure to 3, 5, and 7 cigarettes a day, respectively), groups 4 and 5 (3- and 6 month exposure to five cigarettes a day, respectively). We examined the morphologic changes, the expressions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), tumor growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), interlekin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, Ki-67, and cytokeratin 14 and in situ apoptosis in the bronchiolar and alveolar cells on light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results LM showed the respiratory bronchiolar dilatation and alveolar wall collapse. In groups 3, 4, and 5, EM showed loss of the cilia and Clara cells with irregular size, more prominent alveolar wall collapse and dilation of alveolar duct than those of groups 1 and 2. Bronchiolar and alveolar cells showed increased expressions of TNF-α and TGF-β in groups 4 and 5. LM and EM TUNEL stains showed increased apoptosis in groups 3, 4, and 5. Conclusions Sidestream smoke causes a bronchiolar and alveolar cell injury and the severity correlates strongly the volume and duration of exposure to sidestream smoke.
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Forced-suction thrombectomy of an arterial tumor embolism due to metastatic melanoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 69:272-3. [PMID: 22332197 DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Abstract
A case of intestinal obstruction caused by jejunal chondrolipoma in an 11-year-old boy is presented. To the best of our knowledge, this seems to be the first report of chondrolipoma arising from the small bowel in English language literatures.
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Enzymatic cleavage of fusion proteins using immobilised protease 3C. Protein Expr Purif 2006; 47:422-6. [PMID: 16473019 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2005] [Revised: 12/30/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for efficient cleavage of fusion proteins using an immobilised protease has been developed. Protease 3C from coxsackie virus was recombinantly produced in Escherichia coli and covalently immobilised onto a solid support. Thereafter, Z(basic) tagged fusion proteins, with a specific cleavage sequence between the domains, were flown through the proteolytic column and circulated until complete cleavage. Subsequently, the processed protein solution was applied on a cation exchanger. Thereby, removal of the released, positively charged fusion tag, Z(basic), was done by adsorption to the matrix while the target proteins were recovered in the flow through. Interestingly, the columns were shown to be reusable without any measurable decrease in activity. Moreover, after storage in 4 degrees C for two months the activity was almost unaffected.
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Abstract
Primary gastric lymphoma is a rare gastrointestinal cancer in children. Adult cases of primary gastric lymphoma are often associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and in the past were treated mainly by surgery with additional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. We experienced a case recently of a primary gastric lymphoma in a girl. She presented at our hospital with epigastric abdominal pain and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Chemotherapy alone sufficiently controlled the disease and no additional therapeutic modalities were needed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori-induced destruction of the gastroduodenal mucosal barrier is initiated with mucosal infiltration of inflammatory cells. Cytokines and chemokines have been suggested to play important roles in the migration and activation of these inflammatory cells into the mucosa. The present study aimed to investigate expression rates of cyto-chemokine mRNAs using gastric mucosal biopsy specimens. METHODS In 98 patients infected with Helicobacter pylori, mucosal mRNA expression rates of cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-10), C-C chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta), monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES)) and C-X-C chemokines (IL-8 and growth regulated a (GRO-alpha)) were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS The expression rates of mRNA for IL-8, GRO-alpha, MIP-1 alpha and RANTES were significantly more increased in H. pylori-positive patients than in H. pylori-negative patients. However, the expressions of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA were statistically not different between two groups. After eradication of H. pylori, expressions of mRNA for three cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-10), four C-C chemokines (MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, MCAF and RANTES) and two C-X-C chemokines (IL-8 and GRO-alpha) were significantly decreased. CONCLUSION These results suggest that C-X-C chemokines and some C-C chemokines play important roles in H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer diseases.
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Abstract
PURPOSE It is assumed that cataract can influence the results of blue-on-yellow perimetry. However, actual sensitivity change in blue-on-yellow perimetry before and after cataract surgery has not been fully demonstrated. METHODS Prospective. SETTING Institutional. STUDY POPULATION Twenty-two eyes of 22 consecutive patients without ocular pathology, other than cataract, known to influence visual field undergoing cataract surgery. OBSERVATION PROCEDURES Both white-on-white (W-W) and blue-on-yellow (B-Y) perimetries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Global indexes including mean deviation and other pertinent data of white-on-white and blue-on-yellow perimetries were compared before and after cataract surgery. RESULTS Mean deviation was improved after cataract surgery in both white-on-white perimetry (from -6.88 dB to -3.36 dB, P <.0001) and blue-on-yellow perimetry (from -12.22 dB to -3.64 dB, P <.0001, paired t test). However, the mean difference between preoperative and postoperative mean deviation in blue-on-yellow perimetry (8.58 +/- 3.96 dB) was significantly higher than that of white-on-white perimetry (3.52 +/- 2.69 dB; P <.0001, unpaired t test). That is, the change in mean deviation was greater in blue-on-yellow perimetry than in white-on-white perimetry by a factor of 2.4 times. CONCLUSION Cataract causes predominantly a general reduction of sensitivity in both blue-on-yellow and white-on-white perimetries, and the general reduction of blue-on-yellow sensitivity is far greater than that of white-on-white sensitivity.
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Comparison of visual field defects between primary open-angle glaucoma and chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma in the early or moderate stage of the disease. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2001; 15:27-31. [PMID: 11530818 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2001.15.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual field data (Humphrey C24-2) of early to moderate stage glaucoma between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients was compared. Eleven POAG (11 eyes) and 14 chronic PACG patients (14 eyes) were matched with respect to age, sex, and disease severity. Although the mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, and short-term fluctuation were similar between the two groups, the mean corrected pattern standard deviation was higher in the POAG patients (p=0.048). When the numeric pattern deviation data (STATPAC II) was used for point-wise between-group comparisons, more depressed paracentral points were found in POAG patients. Different patterns were identified in visual field damages between the chronic PACG and POAG patients. The chronic PACG patients showed more generalized field loss than the POAG patients.
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Metabolic adaptations to dietary fat malabsorption in chylomicron-deficient mice. Biochem J 1999; 343 Pt 2:473-8. [PMID: 10510316 PMCID: PMC1220577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
A mouse model of chylomicron deficiency was recently developed; these mice express a human apolipoprotein (apo) B transgene in the liver but do not synthesize any apoB in the intestine. Despite severe intestinal fat malabsorption, the mice maintain normal concentrations of plasma lipids and liver-derived apoB 100-containing lipoproteins. We investigated the metabolic mechanisms by which plasma lipid levels are kept normal. De novo lipogenesis (DNL) and cholesterogenesis were measured by mass isotopomer distribution analysis (MIDA). Plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) fluxes and hepatic re-esterification of labelled plasma NEFA were also measured. Hepatic and plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations and plasma NEFA fluxes were not different between chylomicron-deficient mice and controls. The contribution from DNL to the hepatic TG pool was only modestly higher in chylomicron-deficient mice [12+/-2.1% (n=7) compared with 3.7+/-1.0% (n=9); means+/-S.E.M.], whereas cholesterogenesis was markedly elevated. The fractional contribution from plasma NEFA to hepatic TG was greatly elevated in the chylomicron-deficient animals (62% compared with 23%). Accordingly, 73% of hepatic TG was neither from DNL nor from plasma NEFA in controls, presumably reflecting prior contribution from chylomicron remnants, compared with only 26% in the chylomicron-deficient group. The long-term contribution from DNL to adipose fat stores reached approximately the same steady-state values (approximately 30%) in the two groups. Body fat accumulation was much lower in chylomicron-deficient animals; thus, whole-body absolute DNL was significantly lower. We conclude that plasma and hepatic TG pools and hepatic secretion of apoB-containing particles are maintained at normal levels in chylomicron-deficient mice, not by de novo fatty acid synthesis, but by more avid re-esterification of plasma NEFA, replacing the normally predominant contribution from chylomicrons, and that some dietary fat can be absorbed by apoB-independent mechanisms.
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Abstract
A 24-year-old healthy male underwent uncomplicated laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in left eye. One day after the surgery, he complained of ocular pain and multiple corneal stromal infiltrates had developed in left eye. Immediately, the corneal interface and stromal bed were cleared, and maximal antibiotic treatments with fortified tobramycin (1.2%) and cefazolin (5%) were given topically. The causative organism was identified as 'Streptococcus viridans' both on smear and culture. Two days after antibiotic therapy was initiated, the ocular inflammation and corneal infiltrates had regressed and ocular pain was relieved. One month later, the patient's best corrected visual acuity had returned to 20/20 with -0.75 -1.00 x 10 degrees, however minimal stromal scarring still remained. This case demonstrates that microbial keratitis after LASIK, if treated promptly, does not lead to a permanent reduction in visual acuity.
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Abstract
Despite tremendous development in the field of glaucoma, there is confusion in the nomenclature system for classification, gonioscopy, and mechanisms of primary angle-closure glaucoma. In this article, we critically review the various nomenclature systems and suggest some modifications to the current classifications. These include four diagnostic categories: 1) angle-closure glaucoma suspect; 2) angle-closure hypertension; 3) chronic angle-closure glaucoma; and 4) acute angle-closure glaucoma. Gonioscopy is valuable for evaluating primary angle-closure glaucoma but more precise descriptions of gonioscopic observations are needed. Because of racial differences in the prevalence and mechanisms of primary angle-closure glaucoma, worldwide population-based study is necessary. Newer technologies, such as ultrasound biomicroscopy, show promise for the study of primary angle-closure glaucoma.
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Dilated, miotic-resistant pupil and laser iridotomy in primary angle-closure glaucoma. Ophthalmologica 1997; 211:205-8. [PMID: 9216007 DOI: 10.1159/000310790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed 22 eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma that underwent initial laser iridotomy to determine which factors could lead to subsequent trabeculectomy. Twenty-two eyes were divided into two groups: (1) the eyes in which intraocular pressure (IOP) could be controlled by iridotomy and/or topical medication (iridotomy success group, 15 eyes) and (2) the eyes that underwent trabeculectomy to control IOP in spite of a patent opening (iridotomy failure group, 7 eyes). The clinical variables between the two groups were analyzed. Age, sex, visual field defect, presenting IOP and cup/disk ratio were not significantly different between the iridotomy success and failure groups. However, presence of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) greater than 50% was found more frequently in the iridotomy failure group as compared with the iridotomy success group (4/7 vs. 1/15, p = 0.02). Dilated, miotic-resistant pupils were observed only in the iridotomy failure group (4/7 vs. 0/15, p = 0.004). PAS greater than 50% and dilated, fixed pupils were observed in these same cases (4 eyes). Our results suggest that laser iridotomy may not be helpful in cases with dilated and miotic-resistant pupils with formation of extensive PAS.
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[Recent perceptions about chromosome pairing in meiosis]. DTW. DEUTSCHE TIERARZTLICHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1996; 103:375-7. [PMID: 9035964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent results from meiotic research in animals are presented with emphasis on the pairing behaviour of autosomes und sex chromosomes. Synaptonemal complex preparations were primarily utilized, that allowed observations of the pairing behaviour of the sex chromosomes is quite remarkable. The structure and function of the synaptonemal complex is discussed and the localization of the pseudo autosomal region on the sex chromosomes is described.
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Laser assisted in situ keratomileusis for high myopia. OPHTHALMIC SURGERY AND LASERS 1996; 27:S508-S511. [PMID: 8724161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE We present the clinical results of laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) to correct myopia of more than -10.00 diopters (D). PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighteen eyes are included in this study. Pre-operative spherical equivalent was -16.40 D, range from -10.50 to -21.50 D. Hinge corneal cap techniques were used with automated microkeratome (Steinway, USA). The thickness of the flap was 130 microns. The stromal bed was ablated with the OmniMed II excimer laser, using the standard MKM program (Summit Technology, Inc., Waltham, MA). The ablation zone was between 4.2 and 5.0 mm. RESULTS At 6 months postoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent was +0.14 D with a range of +3.50 to -2.00 D. A result within 2.00 D of the desired correction was achieved in 93% of eyes, while a result within 1.00 D was achieved in 47%. Uncorrected visual acuity was improved in all cases. One eye lost greater than two lines of pre-operative best corrected vision due to macular hemorrhage. CONCLUSION These data show that the LASIK procedure appears to be effective for correcting high myopia.
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The effect of flat anterior chamber on the success of trabeculectomy. ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1995; 73:268-72. [PMID: 7493243 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1995.tb00283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The authors reviewed 70 eyes of 59 patients who underwent trabeculectomy. We divided the eyes into the flat anterior chamber group (23 eyes) and formed anterior chamber group (47 eyes, control group). The influence of clinical variables on the development of flat anterior chamber, and the effect of flat anterior chamber on the success of trabeculectomy were evaluated. The two groups were similar in terms of many variables, but the preoperative intraocular pressure (27.1 +/- 15.4 vs. 18.1 +/- 8.7 mmHg), incidence of cataract progression (9/18 vs. 10/44) and choroidal detachment (5/23 vs. 2/47) were higher in the flat anterior chamber group (p < 0.05). The overall success rates for the follow-up period of 30 months were similar between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the short-term (2 to 8 months) postoperative success rates were lower in the flat anterior chamber group (p < 0.05). The development of flat anterior chamber following trabeculectomy can be reduced by lowering the preoperative intraocular pressure, and flat anterior chamber may be harmful to the postoperative course of trabeculectomy.
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Abstract
We performed photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) using new multizone software of the Summit Omnimed excimer laser (Summit Technology, Inc., Waltham, Mass.) on thirteen highly myopic eyes. Average preoperative myopia was -10.94 diopters (D) (range -8.60 D to -13.50 D). Mean postoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -0.15 D (range +1.50 D to -4.00 D), at 3 months postoperatively. Uncorrected visual acuity of all the eyes improved markedly. There was no serious complication except one eye that lost two lines of spectacle corrected visual acuity possibly due to decentration. Though we need longer follow-up data and a larger sample size, the new multizone software seems to be effective for correcting high myopia.
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A balanced autosomal reciprocal translocation in an azoospermic bull. CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS 1993; 62:117-23. [PMID: 8428509 DOI: 10.1159/000133453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This appears to be the first reported case of a bull with a balanced autosomal reciprocal translocation associated with azoospermia. The analysis includes somatic chromosome banding, conventional meiotic analysis, and electron microscopy of synaptonemal complexes (SCs). The karyotype of the bull was found to be 60,XY,rcp(8;13)(q11;q24). Electron microscopy of SCs in microspread pachytene spermatocytes revealed a high incidence of terminal asynapsis of the smallest arm of the quadrivalent. Most quadrivalents with such asynapsis and few with nonhomologous synapsis showed associations with the XY sex bivalent, leading to complete meiotic arrest at late pachynema. Except for one diakinetic cell, no diplotene and subsequent stages were encountered in air-dried meiotic preparations. The presence of degenerating primary spermatocytes in SC preparations, as well as in testicular sections, and the absence of spermatozoa in ejaculates confirm the chromosomally derived male sterility of the bull. X-chromosome reactivation, evidenced by the cytomorphological reversal of associated sex bivalents, appeared to be the initial step in the degeneration of spermatocytes. Consequently, the formation of a separate, fully developed XY body, which was previously demonstrated on the periphery of spermatocyte nuclei in fertile bulls, could not be attained in this case. Extensive end-to-end association of autosomal bivalents in meiotically arrested, as well as degenerating, spermatocytes was a consistent and unique observation of this study. Such associations may lead to enhanced reactivation of the X chromosome.
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A reciprocal whole-arm translocation, rcp(1;6)(1p6p;1q6q) in a boar, localization of the breakpoints, and reassignment of the genes for glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) and calcium release channel (CRC). CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS 1992; 61:67-74. [PMID: 1324140 DOI: 10.1159/000133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A reciprocal whole-arm translocation between chromosomes 1 and 6 in a Swiss Large White boar with reduced fertility was identified by the use of different staining techniques in mitotic metaphase cells, synaptonemal complex analyses, and meiotic chromosome preparations. The karyotype of this boar was demonstrated to be 38,XY,rcp(1;6)(1p6p;1q6q). To further localize the breakpoints more precisely and determine the precise gene locations, several in situ hybridization experiments were performed with a chromosome 1 centromere-specific probe and two other gene probes. The breakage and reunion points of both chromosomes were located in the centromeric regions. The genes for glucose phosphate isomerase and calcium release channel were mapped to 6cen----q12.
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