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Wright I, Minshall G, Young N, Riggs C. Fractures in Thoroughbred racing and the potential for pre-race identification of horses at risk. Equine Vet J 2024; 56:424-436. [PMID: 38200406 DOI: 10.1111/evj.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Risk rates for and predisposing factors to fractures occurring in Thoroughbred racing that have been published in peer reviewed journals are documented. The potential for currently available techniques to identify horses at increased risk for fracture is discussed on the bases of principles, practicalities, advantages, disadvantages and current data. All are reviewed in light of justifiable decision making and importance of fractures to horseracing's social license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- Newmarket Equine Referrals, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
| | | | | | - Christopher Riggs
- Equine Welfare Research Foundation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Keene D, Miyazawa AA, Arnold AD, Naraen A, Kaza N, Mohal JS, Lefroy DC, Lim PB, Ng FS, Koa-Wing M, Qureshi NA, Linton NWF, Wright I, Peters NS, Kanagaratnam P, Shun-Shin MJ, Francis DP, Whinnett ZI. Therapeutic potential of conduction system pacing as a method for improving cardiac output during ventricular tachycardia. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2024:10.1007/s10840-024-01809-8. [PMID: 38649588 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-024-01809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular tachycardia (VT) reduces cardiac output through high heart rates, loss of atrioventricular synchrony, and loss of ventricular synchrony. We studied the contribution of each mechanism and explored the potential therapeutic utility of His bundle pacing to improve cardiac output during VT. METHODS Study 1 aimed to improve the understanding of mechanisms of harm during VT (using pacing simulated VT). In 23 patients with left ventricular impairment, we recorded continuous ECG and beat-by-beat blood pressure measurements. We assessed the hemodynamic impact of heart rate and restoration of atrial and biventricular synchrony. Study 2 investigated novel pacing interventions during clinical VT by evaluating the hemodynamic effects of His bundle pacing at 5 bpm above the VT rate in 10 patients. RESULTS In Study 1, at progressively higher rates of simulated VT, systolic blood pressure declined: at rates of 125, 160, and 190 bpm, -22.2%, -42.0%, and -58.7%, respectively (ANOVA p < 0.0001). Restoring atrial synchrony alone had only a modest beneficial effect on systolic blood pressure (+ 3.6% at 160 bpm, p = 0.2117), restoring biventricular synchrony alone had a greater effect (+ 9.1% at 160 bpm, p = 0.242), and simultaneously restoring both significantly increased systolic blood pressure (+ 31.6% at 160 bpm, p = 0.0003). In Study 2, the mean rate of clinical VT was 143 ± 21 bpm. His bundle pacing increased systolic blood pressure by + 14.2% (p = 0.0023). In 6 of 10 patients, VT terminated with His bundle pacing. CONCLUSIONS Restoring atrial and biventricular synchrony improved hemodynamic function in simulated and clinical VT. Conduction system pacing could improve VT tolerability and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Keene
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0HS, UK.
| | - Alejandra A Miyazawa
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Ahran D Arnold
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Akriti Naraen
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Nandita Kaza
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Jagdeep S Mohal
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Phang Boon Lim
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Michael Koa-Wing
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Norman A Qureshi
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Nick W F Linton
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Prapa Kanagaratnam
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Shun-Shin
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Darrel P Francis
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Zachary I Whinnett
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
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Young N, Barker W, Minshall G, Wright I. Arthroscopically guided lag screw fixation of subchondral bone cysts in the medial femoral condyle in Thoroughbred racehorses: description of technique and comparative results. Vet Surg 2024; 53:330-340. [PMID: 37280742 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe an arthroscopically guided technique for lag screw placement across subchondral bone cyst (SBC) in the medial femoral condyle (MFC) and to compare postoperative racing performance with corticosteroid injection and cyst debridement. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS One hundred twenty-three horses with 134 MFC SBCs undergoing treatment at a single referral hospital in the UK between January, 2009, and December, 2020. METHODS Sex, age, limb affected, radiographic cyst dimensions, preoperative and postoperative lameness, surgical technique (lag screw placement, cyst debridement, intralesional corticosteroid injection), and, where applicable, screw positioning were recorded retrospectively. A ratio was calculated using measurements from preoperative and postoperative radiographs. Outcome was assessed by resolution or improvement in lameness, reduction in cyst size, and starting one race after treatment. Outcome data was compared between treatment groups. RESULTS Twenty-six of 45 (57.8%) horses that underwent transcondylar screw placement raced postoperatively, at a median of 403 days between surgery and first postoperative race. There was no difference between treatment groups with regard to racing or preoperative and postoperative lameness. Cysts treated with transcondylar screw placement had a greater reduction in cyst size and a reduced period of convalescence in comparison with those that underwent debridement; the results were similar to those treated by intralesional corticosteroid injection. CONCLUSION Postoperative racing rates were similar for all techniques. Convalescence was reduced for lag screw placement and corticosteroid injection compared to debridement. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The arthroscopically guided technique results in radiographically consistent screw placement and cyst engagement and offers a viable alternative to other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Young
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
- Newmarket Equine Hospital, Suffolk, UK
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Sau A, Ahmed A, Chen JY, Pastika L, Wright I, Li X, Handa B, Qureshi N, Koa-Wing M, Keene D, Malcolme-Lawes L, Varnava A, Linton NWF, Lim PB, Lefroy D, Kanagaratnam P, Peters NS, Whinnett Z, Ng FS. Machine learning-derived cycle length variability metrics predict spontaneously terminating ventricular tachycardia in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients. Eur Heart J Digit Health 2024; 5:50-59. [PMID: 38264702 PMCID: PMC10802825 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Aims Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapies have been associated with increased mortality and should be minimized when safe to do so. We hypothesized that machine learning-derived ventricular tachycardia (VT) cycle length (CL) variability metrics could be used to discriminate between sustained and spontaneously terminating VT. Methods and results In this single-centre retrospective study, we analysed data from 69 VT episodes stored on ICDs from 27 patients (36 spontaneously terminating VT, 33 sustained VT). Several VT CL parameters including heart rate variability metrics were calculated. Additionally, a first order auto-regression model was fitted using the first 10 CLs. Using features derived from the first 10 CLs, a random forest classifier was used to predict VT termination. Sustained VT episodes had more stable CLs. Using data from the first 10 CLs only, there was greater CL variability in the spontaneously terminating episodes (mean of standard deviation of first 10 CLs: 20.1 ± 8.9 vs. 11.5 ± 7.8 ms, P < 0.0001). The auto-regression coefficient was significantly greater in spontaneously terminating episodes (mean auto-regression coefficient 0.39 ± 0.32 vs. 0.14 ± 0.39, P < 0.005). A random forest classifier with six features yielded an accuracy of 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.67 to 0.87) for prediction of VT termination. Conclusion Ventricular tachycardia CL variability and instability are associated with spontaneously terminating VT and can be used to predict spontaneous VT termination. Given the harmful effects of unnecessary ICD shocks, this machine learning model could be incorporated into ICD algorithms to defer therapies for episodes of VT that are likely to self-terminate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunashis Sau
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Amar Ahmed
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Jun Yu Chen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Libor Pastika
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Xinyang Li
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Balvinder Handa
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Norman Qureshi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Michael Koa-Wing
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Daniel Keene
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Louisa Malcolme-Lawes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Amanda Varnava
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W F Linton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Phang Boon Lim
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - David Lefroy
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Prapa Kanagaratnam
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Zachary Whinnett
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 72 Du Cane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, SW10 9NH, London, UK
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Wright I, Whitfield V, Hanaghan R, Upjohn M, Boyden P. Analysis of exotic pathogens found in a large group of imported dogs following an animal welfare investigation. Vet Rec 2023; 193:e2996. [PMID: 37183184 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased dog relocation can cause dissemination of pathogen and vector populations, and this is being recognised in countries across Northern Europe, including the UK. Data regarding the prevalence of exotic infections in dogs entering the UK would be beneficial to veterinarians to help assess pets entering the UK from abroad and to help calculate the risk of establishment of novel pathogens. This study reports the findings from a group of imported dogs that was seized as part of a Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA)-led animal welfare investigation and subsequently blood tested for exotic pathogens. METHODS As part of the RSPCA investigation, 151 dogs were removed from the site. Blood tests were performed for Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis and Leishmania infantum by PCR, Brucella canis by antibody serology and Dirofilaria immitis by blood antigen. In addition to pathogen screening, a serology titre for rabies was measured for each dog. A clinical examination was performed by a veterinary surgeon, and clinical signs were recorded. RESULTS Overall, 24% (32/133) of the dogs tested positive for an infection with one or more exotic pathogens. Two dogs were positive for Br. canis antibodies and had no clinical signs indicative of infection. Leishmania was identified in 10.5% (14/133) of dogs, and all but two of these were implanted with microchips of Romanian origin. H. canis was identified in 9.6% (10/104) of dogs, all of whom had a Romanian microchip. D. immitis was identified in 4.1% (5/121) of dogs, B. canis in 2.3% (3/129) of dogs and E. canis in only 1.5% (2/131) of dogs tested. Only four dogs were found to have co-infections. No significant association was found between the pathogens detected and presenting clinical signs. LIMITATIONS This was a group of rescued dogs that were tested for a range of pathogens. They were not randomly selected and as such do not represent the true prevalence of these pathogens in dogs imported into the UK. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a range of exotic pathogens entering the UK, including Br. canis, and demonstrates the importance of screening imported dogs. The emphasis on early recognition of exotic pathogens in imported dogs has relied on screening based on relevant clinical signs and the country of origin. While these factors are useful, this study demonstrated no significant association between presenting clinical signs and the pathogens carried.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice, Fleetwood, UK
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Wright I, Elsheikha H. Companion animal parasites: 10 years on. Vet Rec 2023; 192:297-298. [PMID: 37000725 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- ESCCAP UK & Ireland, PO Box 358, Malvern, Worcestershire, WR14 9HQ
| | - Hany Elsheikha
- ESCCAP UK & Ireland, PO Box 358, Malvern, Worcestershire, WR14 9HQ
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Wright I. Toxocara contamination of park soils in the UK: are we underestimating the public health risk? Vet Rec 2023; 192:30-32. [PMID: 36607688 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice, Fleetwood, UK
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Maggi RG, Halls V, Krämer F, Lappin M, Pennisi MG, Peregrine AS, Roura X, Schunack B, Scorza V, Tasker S, Baneth G, Bourdeau P, Bowman DD, Breitschwerdt EB, Capelli G, Cardoso L, Dantas-Torres F, Dobler G, Ferrer L, Gradoni L, Irwin P, Jongejan F, Kempf VAJ, Kohn B, Little S, Madder M, Maia C, Marcondes M, Miró G, Naucke T, Oliva G, Otranto D, Penzhorn BL, Pfeffer M, Sainz Á, Shin S, Solano-Gallego L, Straubinger RK, Traub R, Wright I. Vector-borne and other pathogens of potential relevance disseminated by relocated cats. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:415. [DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLarge populations of unowned cats constitute an animal welfare, ecological, societal and public health issue worldwide. Their relocation and homing are currently carried out in many parts of the world with the intention of relieving suffering and social problems, while contributing to ethical and humane population control in these cat populations. An understanding of an individual cat’s lifestyle and disease status by veterinary team professionals and those working with cat charities can help to prevent severe cat stress and the spread of feline pathogens, especially vector-borne pathogens, which can be overlooked in cats. In this article, we discuss the issue of relocation and homing of unowned cats from a global perspective. We also review zoonotic and non-zoonotic infectious agents of cats and give a list of practical recommendations for veterinary team professionals dealing with homing cats. Finally, we present a consensus statement consolidated at the 15th Symposium of the Companion Vector-Borne Diseases (CVBD) World Forum in 2020, ultimately to help veterinary team professionals understand the problem and the role they have in helping to prevent and manage vector-borne and other pathogens in relocated cats.
Graphical Abstract
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Dobinson R, Wright I. Exotic bloodborne parasites and dogs imported from Africa. Vet Rec 2022; 191:67-69. [PMID: 35866941 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The number of dogs legally imported to the UK from Africa is on the rise, and so too, therefore, is the risk of co-importing currently exotic parasites. Here, Rebecca Dobinson and Ian Wright report the results of a small study carried out in Sierra Leone, in which visibly healthy dogs were screened for the presence of several bloodborne parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Dobinson
- Compassionate Paws International, Westway Veterinary Group, Houghton Business Centre, Houghton le Spring DH5 8BJ
| | - Ian Wright
- Mount Vets, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood FY7 6QX
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Miró G, Wright I, Michael H, Burton W, Hegarty E, Rodón J, Buch J, Pantchev N, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. Seropositivity of main vector-borne pathogens in dogs across Europe. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:189. [PMID: 35668469 PMCID: PMC9169295 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine vector-borne disease (CVBD) has been an area of increasing interest in Europe over the last few decades, and there have been changes in the prevalence and distribution of many of these diseases. Monitoring CVBD infections in Europe is often done by individual countries, but aggregated data for the European countries are helpful to understand the distribution of CVBDs. METHODS We used an extensive retrospective database of results from point-of-care rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests on dogs across Europe to identify distribution and seropositivity in animals tested for selected CVBDs (Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Leishmania spp., and Dirofilaria immitis) from 2016 through 2020. Geographic distribution of positive tests and relative percent positive values were mapped by the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics classification for regions with sufficient test results for reporting. RESULTS A total of 404,617 samples corresponding to 1,134,648 canine results were available from dogs tested in 35 countries over the 5-year study period. Over this period the number of test results per year increased whereas test positivity decreased. Leishmania spp. had the largest increase in total test results from 25,000 results in 2016 to over 60,000 results in 2020. Test positivity for Leishmania spp. fell from 13.9% in 2016 to 9.4% in 2020. Test positivity fell for Anaplasma spp. (7.3 to 5.3%), Ehrlichia spp. (4.3 to 3.4%), and Borrelia burgdorferi (3.3 to 2.4%). Dirofilaria immitis test positivity trended down with a high of 2.7% in 2016 and low of 1.8% in 2018. Leishmania spp. test positivity was highest in endemic areas and in several non-endemic countries with low numbers of test results. Co-positivity rates were significantly higher than expected for all pathogen test positive pairs except for Ehrlichia spp. with Borrelia burgdorferi and D. immitis with Borrelia burgdorferi. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the largest data set on CVBD seropositivity in Europe to date. The increase in the number of test results and decreasing test positivity over the study period may reflect changes in testing behavior and increased screening of healthy animals. The Europe-wide mapping of CVBD provides expected test positivity that can help inform veterinarians' decisions on screening and improve prevention and identification of these important, sometimes zoonotic, diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Miró
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ian Wright
- Mount Veterinary Practice, Fleetwood, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Jesse Buch
- IDEXX Laboratories, Inc, Westbrook, ME, USA
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Young N, Corletto F, Wright I. Predicting return to racing after repair of fractures of the metacarpal/metatarsal condyles in Thoroughbred racehorses. Vet Surg 2022; 51:753-762. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wright I, Macrelli M, Diesel G. Surveillance for exotic worms and worm-like parasites. Vet Rec 2022. [PMID: 35303360 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- ESCCAP UK & Ireland, PO Box 358, Malvern, WR14 9HQ
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Hunt RW, Liley HG, Wagh D, Schembri R, Lee KJ, Shearman AD, Francis-Pester S, deWaal K, Cheong JYL, Olischar M, Badawi N, Wong FY, Osborn DA, Rajadurai VS, Dargaville PA, Headley B, Wright I, Colditz PB. Effect of Treatment of Clinical Seizures vs Electrographic Seizures in Full-Term and Near-Term Neonates: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2139604. [PMID: 34919132 PMCID: PMC8683963 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.39604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Seizures in the neonatal period are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Bedside amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) has facilitated the detection of electrographic seizures; however, whether these seizures should be treated remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE To determine if the active management of electrographic and clinical seizures in encephalopathic term or near-term neonates improves survival free of severe disability at 2 years of age compared with only treating clinically detected seizures. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This randomized clinical trial was conducted in tertiary newborn intensive care units recruited from 2012 to 2016 and followed up until 2 years of age. Participants included neonates with encephalopathy at 35 weeks' gestation or more and younger than 48 hours old. Data analysis was completed in April 2021. INTERVENTIONS Randomization was to an electrographic seizure group (ESG) in which seizures detected on aEEG were treated in addition to clinical seizures or a clinical seizure group (CSG) in which only seizures detected clinically were treated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome was death or severe disability at 2 years, defined as scores in any developmental domain more than 2 SD below the Australian mean assessed with Bayley Scales of Neonate and Toddler Development, 3rd ed (BSID-III), or the presence of cerebral palsy, blindness, or deafness. Secondary outcomes included magnetic resonance imaging brain injury score at 5 to 14 days, time to full suck feeds, and individual domain scores on BSID-III at 2 years. RESULTS Of 212 randomized neonates, the mean (SD) gestational age was 39.2 (1.7) weeks and 122 (58%) were male; 152 (72%) had moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and 147 (84%) had electrographic seizures. A total of 86 neonates were included in the ESG group and 86 were included in the CSG group. Ten of 86 (9%) neonates in the ESG and 4 of 86 (4%) in the CSG died before the 2-year assessment. The odds of the primary outcome were not significantly different in the ESG group compared with the CSG group (ESG, 38 of 86 [44%] vs CSG, 27 of 86 [31%]; odds ratio [OR], 1.83; 95% CI, 0.96 to 3.49; P = .14). There was also no significant difference in those with HIE (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.84 to 3.73; P = .26). There was evidence that cognitive outcomes were worse in the ESG (mean [SD] scores, ESG: 97.4 [17.7] vs CSG: 103.8 [17.3]; mean difference, -6.5 [95% CI, -1.2 to -11.8]; P = .01). There was little evidence of a difference in secondary outcomes, including time to suck feeds, seizure burden, or brain injury score. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Treating electrographic and clinical seizures with currently used anticonvulsants did not significantly reduce the rate of death or disability at 2 years in a heterogeneous group of neonates with seizures. TRIAL REGISTRATION http://anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12611000327987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rod W. Hunt
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Helen G. Liley
- Mater Mother’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Rachel Schembri
- Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine J. Lee
- Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Koert deWaal
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, John Hunter Children’s Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Jeanie Y. L. Cheong
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Neonatal Services, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Nadia Badawi
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Grace Newborn Intensive Care, The Children’s Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | - Flora Y. Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A. Osborn
- Newborn Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Peter A. Dargaville
- Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Bevan Headley
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ian Wright
- James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Paul B. Colditz
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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14
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Whitehead M, Perkins R, Goulson D, Wright I. Year-round flea treatment is not required. Vet Rec 2021; 188:77-78. [PMID: 34651841 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Whitehead
- Chipping Norton Veterinary Hospital, Banbury Road, Chipping Norton, Oxon, OX7 5SY
| | - Rosemary Perkins
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG
| | - Dave Goulson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG
| | - Ian Wright
- c/o Mount Vets, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire, FY7 6QX
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15
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Ahouidi A, Ali M, Almagro-Garcia J, Amambua-Ngwa A, Amaratunga C, Amato R, Amenga-Etego L, Andagalu B, Anderson TJC, Andrianaranjaka V, Apinjoh T, Ariani C, Ashley EA, Auburn S, Awandare GA, Ba H, Baraka V, Barry AE, Bejon P, Bertin GI, Boni MF, Borrmann S, Bousema T, Branch O, Bull PC, Busby GBJ, Chookajorn T, Chotivanich K, Claessens A, Conway D, Craig A, D'Alessandro U, Dama S, Day NPJ, Denis B, Diakite M, Djimdé A, Dolecek C, Dondorp AM, Drakeley C, Drury E, Duffy P, Echeverry DF, Egwang TG, Erko B, Fairhurst RM, Faiz A, Fanello CA, Fukuda MM, Gamboa D, Ghansah A, Golassa L, Goncalves S, Hamilton WL, Harrison GLA, Hart L, Henrichs C, Hien TT, Hill CA, Hodgson A, Hubbart C, Imwong M, Ishengoma DS, Jackson SA, Jacob CG, Jeffery B, Jeffreys AE, Johnson KJ, Jyothi D, Kamaliddin C, Kamau E, Kekre M, Kluczynski K, Kochakarn T, Konaté A, Kwiatkowski DP, Kyaw MP, Lim P, Lon C, Loua KM, Maïga-Ascofaré O, Malangone C, Manske M, Marfurt J, Marsh K, Mayxay M, Miles A, Miotto O, Mobegi V, Mokuolu OA, Montgomery J, Mueller I, Newton PN, Nguyen T, Nguyen TN, Noedl H, Nosten F, Noviyanti R, Nzila A, Ochola-Oyier LI, Ocholla H, Oduro A, Omedo I, Onyamboko MA, Ouedraogo JB, Oyebola K, Pearson RD, Peshu N, Phyo AP, Plowe CV, Price RN, Pukrittayakamee S, Randrianarivelojosia M, Rayner JC, Ringwald P, Rockett KA, Rowlands K, Ruiz L, Saunders D, Shayo A, Siba P, Simpson VJ, Stalker J, Su XZ, Sutherland C, Takala-Harrison S, Tavul L, Thathy V, Tshefu A, Verra F, Vinetz J, Wellems TE, Wendler J, White NJ, Wright I, Yavo W, Ye H. An open dataset of Plasmodium falciparum genome variation in 7,000 worldwide samples. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:42. [PMID: 33824913 PMCID: PMC8008441 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16168.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MalariaGEN is a data-sharing network that enables groups around the world to work together on the genomic epidemiology of malaria. Here we describe a new release of curated genome variation data on 7,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples from MalariaGEN partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries. High-quality genotype calls on 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short indels were produced using a standardised analysis pipeline. Copy number variants associated with drug resistance and structural variants that cause failure of rapid diagnostic tests were also analysed. Almost all samples showed genetic evidence of resistance to at least one antimalarial drug, and some samples from Southeast Asia carried markers of resistance to six commonly-used drugs. Genes expressed during the mosquito stage of the parasite life-cycle are prominent among loci that show strong geographic differentiation. By continuing to enlarge this open data resource we aim to facilitate research into the evolutionary processes affecting malaria control and to accelerate development of the surveillance toolkit required for malaria elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mozam Ali
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Jacob Almagro-Garcia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Chanaki Amaratunga
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Roberto Amato
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Amenga-Etego
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ben Andagalu
- United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Walter Reed Project, Kisumu, Kenya
| | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth A Ashley
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarah Auburn
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana,University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Hampate Ba
- Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Vito Baraka
- National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania,Department of Epidemiology, International Health Unit, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alyssa E. Barry
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip Bejon
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | - Maciej F. Boni
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Steffen Borrmann
- Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teun Bousema
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK,Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oralee Branch
- NYU School of Medicine Langone Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Peter C. Bull
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya,Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George B. J. Busby
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Antoine Claessens
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia,LPHI, MIVEGEC, INSERM, CNRS, IRD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Conway
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alister Craig
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK,Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Umberto D'Alessandro
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Souleymane Dama
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Nicholas PJ Day
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brigitte Denis
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Mahamadou Diakite
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye Djimdé
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Arjen M Dondorp
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chris Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Patrick Duffy
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Diego F. Echeverry
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas - CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia,Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Berhanu Erko
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | | | - Mark M. Fukuda
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dionicia Gamboa
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Anita Ghansah
- Nogouchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | - Lemu Golassa
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - William L. Hamilton
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lee Hart
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christa Henrichs
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tran Tinh Hien
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Christina Hubbart
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Deus S. Ishengoma
- National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania,East African Consortium for Clinical Research (EACCR), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Scott A. Jackson
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Ben Jeffery
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna E. Jeffreys
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kimberly J. Johnson
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Edwin Kamau
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Krzysztof Kluczynski
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Theerarat Kochakarn
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Dominic P. Kwiatkowski
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Myat Phone Kyaw
- The Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Yangon, Myanmar,University of Public Health, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Pharath Lim
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA,Medical Care Development International, Maryland, USA
| | - Chanthap Lon
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Oumou Maïga-Ascofaré
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali,Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany,Research in Tropical Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Sciences and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Jutta Marfurt
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia
| | - Kevin Marsh
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mayfong Mayxay
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic,Institute of Research and Education Development (IRED), University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Alistair Miles
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olivo Miotto
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Victor Mobegi
- School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Olugbenga A. Mokuolu
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Jacqui Montgomery
- Institute of Vector-Borne Disease, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Ivo Mueller
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul N. Newton
- Wellcome Trust-Mahosot Hospital-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Collaboration, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | | | - Thuy-Nhien Nguyen
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Harald Noedl
- MARIB - Malaria Research Initiative Bandarban, Bandarban, Bangladesh
| | - Francois Nosten
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Alexis Nzila
- King Fahid University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUMP), Dharhran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Harold Ocholla
- KEMRI - Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Research Program, Kisumu, Kenya,Centre for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Abraham Oduro
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Irene Omedo
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Marie A. Onyamboko
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo, Democratic Republic
| | | | - Kolapo Oyebola
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria,Parasitology and Bioinformatics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Richard D. Pearson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Norbert Peshu
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Aung Pyae Phyo
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand,Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chris V. Plowe
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ric N. Price
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand,Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Milijaona Randrianarivelojosia
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar,Universités d'Antananarivo et de Mahajanga, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Kirk A. Rockett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lastenia Ruiz
- Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - David Saunders
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alex Shayo
- Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Peter Siba
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
| | - Victoria J. Simpson
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Xin-zhuan Su
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | | | - Shannon Takala-Harrison
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Livingstone Tavul
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
| | - Vandana Thathy
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph Vinetz
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas E. Wellems
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jason Wendler
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas J. White
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ian Wright
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - William Yavo
- University Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire,Malaria Research and Control Center of the National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Htut Ye
- Department of Medical Research, Yangon, Myanmar
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16
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Ahouidi A, Ali M, Almagro-Garcia J, Amambua-Ngwa A, Amaratunga C, Amato R, Amenga-Etego L, Andagalu B, Anderson TJC, Andrianaranjaka V, Apinjoh T, Ariani C, Ashley EA, Auburn S, Awandare GA, Ba H, Baraka V, Barry AE, Bejon P, Bertin GI, Boni MF, Borrmann S, Bousema T, Branch O, Bull PC, Busby GBJ, Chookajorn T, Chotivanich K, Claessens A, Conway D, Craig A, D'Alessandro U, Dama S, Day NPJ, Denis B, Diakite M, Djimdé A, Dolecek C, Dondorp AM, Drakeley C, Drury E, Duffy P, Echeverry DF, Egwang TG, Erko B, Fairhurst RM, Faiz A, Fanello CA, Fukuda MM, Gamboa D, Ghansah A, Golassa L, Goncalves S, Hamilton WL, Harrison GLA, Hart L, Henrichs C, Hien TT, Hill CA, Hodgson A, Hubbart C, Imwong M, Ishengoma DS, Jackson SA, Jacob CG, Jeffery B, Jeffreys AE, Johnson KJ, Jyothi D, Kamaliddin C, Kamau E, Kekre M, Kluczynski K, Kochakarn T, Konaté A, Kwiatkowski DP, Kyaw MP, Lim P, Lon C, Loua KM, Maïga-Ascofaré O, Malangone C, Manske M, Marfurt J, Marsh K, Mayxay M, Miles A, Miotto O, Mobegi V, Mokuolu OA, Montgomery J, Mueller I, Newton PN, Nguyen T, Nguyen TN, Noedl H, Nosten F, Noviyanti R, Nzila A, Ochola-Oyier LI, Ocholla H, Oduro A, Omedo I, Onyamboko MA, Ouedraogo JB, Oyebola K, Pearson RD, Peshu N, Phyo AP, Plowe CV, Price RN, Pukrittayakamee S, Randrianarivelojosia M, Rayner JC, Ringwald P, Rockett KA, Rowlands K, Ruiz L, Saunders D, Shayo A, Siba P, Simpson VJ, Stalker J, Su XZ, Sutherland C, Takala-Harrison S, Tavul L, Thathy V, Tshefu A, Verra F, Vinetz J, Wellems TE, Wendler J, White NJ, Wright I, Yavo W, Ye H. An open dataset of Plasmodium falciparum genome variation in 7,000 worldwide samples. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:42. [PMID: 33824913 PMCID: PMC8008441.2 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16168.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MalariaGEN is a data-sharing network that enables groups around the world to work together on the genomic epidemiology of malaria. Here we describe a new release of curated genome variation data on 7,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples from MalariaGEN partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries. High-quality genotype calls on 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short indels were produced using a standardised analysis pipeline. Copy number variants associated with drug resistance and structural variants that cause failure of rapid diagnostic tests were also analysed. Almost all samples showed genetic evidence of resistance to at least one antimalarial drug, and some samples from Southeast Asia carried markers of resistance to six commonly-used drugs. Genes expressed during the mosquito stage of the parasite life-cycle are prominent among loci that show strong geographic differentiation. By continuing to enlarge this open data resource we aim to facilitate research into the evolutionary processes affecting malaria control and to accelerate development of the surveillance toolkit required for malaria elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mozam Ali
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Jacob Almagro-Garcia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Chanaki Amaratunga
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Roberto Amato
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Amenga-Etego
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ben Andagalu
- United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Walter Reed Project, Kisumu, Kenya
| | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth A Ashley
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarah Auburn
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana,University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Hampate Ba
- Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Vito Baraka
- National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania,Department of Epidemiology, International Health Unit, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alyssa E. Barry
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip Bejon
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | - Maciej F. Boni
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Steffen Borrmann
- Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teun Bousema
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK,Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oralee Branch
- NYU School of Medicine Langone Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Peter C. Bull
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya,Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George B. J. Busby
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Antoine Claessens
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia,LPHI, MIVEGEC, INSERM, CNRS, IRD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Conway
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alister Craig
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK,Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Umberto D'Alessandro
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Souleymane Dama
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Nicholas PJ Day
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brigitte Denis
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Mahamadou Diakite
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye Djimdé
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Arjen M Dondorp
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chris Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Patrick Duffy
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Diego F. Echeverry
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas - CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia,Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Berhanu Erko
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | | | - Mark M. Fukuda
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dionicia Gamboa
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Anita Ghansah
- Nogouchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | - Lemu Golassa
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - William L. Hamilton
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lee Hart
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christa Henrichs
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tran Tinh Hien
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Christina Hubbart
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Deus S. Ishengoma
- National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania,East African Consortium for Clinical Research (EACCR), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Scott A. Jackson
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Ben Jeffery
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna E. Jeffreys
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kimberly J. Johnson
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Edwin Kamau
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Krzysztof Kluczynski
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Theerarat Kochakarn
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Dominic P. Kwiatkowski
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Myat Phone Kyaw
- The Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Yangon, Myanmar,University of Public Health, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Pharath Lim
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA,Medical Care Development International, Maryland, USA
| | - Chanthap Lon
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Oumou Maïga-Ascofaré
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, University of Science, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali,Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany,Research in Tropical Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Sciences and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Jutta Marfurt
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia
| | - Kevin Marsh
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mayfong Mayxay
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic,Institute of Research and Education Development (IRED), University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Alistair Miles
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olivo Miotto
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Victor Mobegi
- School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Olugbenga A. Mokuolu
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Jacqui Montgomery
- Institute of Vector-Borne Disease, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Ivo Mueller
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul N. Newton
- Wellcome Trust-Mahosot Hospital-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Collaboration, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | | | - Thuy-Nhien Nguyen
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Harald Noedl
- MARIB - Malaria Research Initiative Bandarban, Bandarban, Bangladesh
| | - Francois Nosten
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Alexis Nzila
- King Fahid University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUMP), Dharhran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Harold Ocholla
- KEMRI - Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Research Program, Kisumu, Kenya,Centre for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Abraham Oduro
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Irene Omedo
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Marie A. Onyamboko
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo, Democratic Republic
| | | | - Kolapo Oyebola
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria,Parasitology and Bioinformatics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Richard D. Pearson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Norbert Peshu
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Aung Pyae Phyo
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand,Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chris V. Plowe
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ric N. Price
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand,Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Milijaona Randrianarivelojosia
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar,Universités d'Antananarivo et de Mahajanga, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Kirk A. Rockett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lastenia Ruiz
- Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - David Saunders
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (USAMC-AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alex Shayo
- Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Peter Siba
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
| | - Victoria J. Simpson
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Xin-zhuan Su
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | | | - Shannon Takala-Harrison
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Livingstone Tavul
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
| | - Vandana Thathy
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph Vinetz
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas E. Wellems
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jason Wendler
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas J. White
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ian Wright
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - William Yavo
- University Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire,Malaria Research and Control Center of the National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Htut Ye
- Department of Medical Research, Yangon, Myanmar
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Wright I, Collins M, McGarry J, Teodoru S, Constantin SA, Corfield EL, Harding I. Threat of exotic worms in dogs imported from Romania. Vet Rec 2021; 187:348-349. [PMID: 33127780 DOI: 10.1136/vr.m4207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
More and more dogs are legally entering the UK from overseas, bringing with them the risk of importing unusual parasites, some of which are zoonotic. Here, Ian Wright and colleagues describe three cases of parasitic worms found in Romanian dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- Head of ESCCAP UK & Ireland, Mount Vets, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood FY7 6QX
| | - Marisol Collins
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, iC2 Liverpool Science Park, Liverpool L3 5RF
| | - John McGarry
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, iC2 Liverpool Science Park, Liverpool L3 5RF
| | - Soare Teodoru
- University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, B-dul Mărăşti 59, 011464
| | - Stoian Andrei Constantin
- University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, B-dul Mărăşti 59, 011464
| | | | - Isabella Harding
- Parkvets Veterinary Hospital, 53-55 Maidstone Road, Foots Cray, Kent DA14 5HB
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18
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Wright I. Prevalence of intestinal parasites. Vet Rec 2021; 188:356-357. [PMID: 33960451 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- Mount Vets, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire, FY7 6QX
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Murphy D, Wright I. Pet parasiticides and aquatic environments. Vet Rec 2020; 187:496. [PMID: 33334993 DOI: 10.1136/vr.m4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donal Murphy
- National Office of Animal Health, 3 Crossfield Chambers, Gladbeck Way, Enfield EN2 7HF
| | - Ian Wright
- ESCCAP UK & IRELAND, c/o Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire FY7 6QX
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20
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Wright I. 'We should continue to recommend year-round flea protection for cats and dogs'. Vet Rec 2020; 187:500. [PMID: 33334999 DOI: 10.1136/vr.m4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ian Wright argues that although there are environmental concerns regarding 'blanket' flea treatment of cats and dogs, without this measure pet owners would be at risk of potentially developing bartonellosis.
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21
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Benedict RHB, Tomic D, Cree BA, Fox R, Giovannoni G, Bar-Or A, Gold R, Vermersch P, Pohlmann H, Wright I, Karlsson G, Dahlke F, Wolf C, Kappos L. Siponimod and Cognition in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: EXPAND Secondary Analyses. Neurology 2020; 96:e376-e386. [PMID: 33328324 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of siponimod on cognitive processing speed in patients with secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS), by means of a predefined exploratory and post hoc analysis of the Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Siponimod in Patients With Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (EXPAND) study, a randomized controlled trial comparing siponimod and placebo. METHODS EXPAND was a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial involving 1,651 patients with SPMS randomized (2:1) to either siponimod 2 mg/d or placebo. Cognitive function was assessed with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) administered at baseline, 6-month intervals, and end of treatment. RESULTS Between-group differences in mean change from baseline in SDMT scores were significantly better in siponimod- vs placebo-treated patients at month 12 (difference 1.08 [95% confidence interval 0.23-1.94]; p = 0.0132), month 18 (1.23 [0.25-2.21); p = 0.0135), and month 24 (2.30 [1.11-3.50]; p = 0.0002). Siponimod-treated patients were at significantly lower risk for having a 4-point sustained decrease in SDMT score (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79 [0.65-0.96]; p = 0.0157), while their chance for having a 4-point sustained increase in SDMT score was higher (HR 1.28 [1.05-1.55]; p = 0.0131). PASAT and BVMT-R scores did not differ significantly between the 2 treatment groups (all p > 0.28). CONCLUSION Siponimod had a significant benefit on SDMT in patients with SPMS. Siponimod-treated patients were at significantly lower risk for having a ≥4-point decrease in SDMT score and had a significantly higher chance for having a ≥4-point increase in SDMT score, a magnitude of change accepted as clinically meaningful. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT01665144. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that, for patients with SPMS, siponimod had a significant benefit on cognitive processing speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph H B Benedict
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Davorka Tomic
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce A Cree
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Fox
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gavin Giovannoni
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amit Bar-Or
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Gold
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Vermersch
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Pohlmann
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ian Wright
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Göril Karlsson
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Dahlke
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolf
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig Kappos
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), University at Buffalo, NY; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.P., G.K., F.D.), Basel, Switzerland; Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.A.C.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Mellen Center for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (R.F.), Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH; Blizard Institute (GG), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Department of Neurology (A.B.-O.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (R.G.), St. Josef-Hospital/Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.V.), University of Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, FHU Imminent, France; Novartis Ireland Ltd (I.W.), Dublin; Lycalis sprl (C.W.), Brussels, Belgium; and Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (G.K., L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Wright I, Jongejan F, Marcondes M, Peregrine A, Baneth G, Bourdeau P, Bowman DD, Breitschwerdt EB, Capelli G, Cardoso L, Dantas-Torres F, Day MJ, Dobler G, Ferrer L, Gradoni L, Irwin P, Kempf VAJ, Kohn B, Krämer F, Lappin M, Madder M, Maggi RG, Maia C, Miró G, Naucke T, Oliva G, Otranto D, Pennisi MG, Penzhorn BL, Pfeffer M, Roura X, Sainz A, Shin S, Solano-Gallego L, Straubinger RK, Tasker S, Traub R, Little S. Parasites and vector-borne diseases disseminated by rehomed dogs. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:546. [PMID: 33168100 PMCID: PMC7653694 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Companion Vector-Borne Diseases (CVBD) World Forum is a working group of leading international experts who meet annually to evaluate current scientific findings and future trends concerning the distribution, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention of vector-borne infections of dogs and cats. At the 14th Symposium of the CVBD World Forum in Trieste, Italy (March 25-28, 2019), we identified the need to (i) bring attention to the potential spread of parasites and vectors with relocated dogs, and (ii) provide advice to the veterinary profession regarding the importance of surveillance and treatment for parasites and vector-borne infections when rehoming dogs. This letter shares a consensus statement from the CVBD World Forum as well as a summary of the problem faced, including the role of veterinary professionals in parasite surveillance, causal issues, and the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation in addressing the problem. To limit opportunities for dissemination of parasites and vectors, whenever possible, underlying problems creating the need for dog rehoming should be addressed. However, when it is necessary to rehome dogs, this should ideally take place in the country and national region of origin. When geographically distant relocation occurs, veterinary professionals have a vital role to play in public education, vigilance for detection of exotic vectors and infections, and alerting the medical community to the risk(s) for pathogen spread. With appropriate veterinary intervention, dog welfare needs can be met without inadvertently allowing global spread of parasites and their vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice, Fleetwood, UK.
| | - Frans Jongejan
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Mary Marcondes
- School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrew Peregrine
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Gad Baneth
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Dwight D Bowman
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Gioia Capelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luís Cardoso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Michael J Day
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | | | - Lluis Ferrer
- Department Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Peter Irwin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Volkhard A J Kempf
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Barbara Kohn
- Clinic of Small Animals, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Lappin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Ricardo G Maggi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Carla Maia
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Guadalupe Miró
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gaetano Oliva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Barend L Penzhorn
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Martin Pfeffer
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Xavier Roura
- Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Sainz
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - SungShik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Laia Solano-Gallego
- Department Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Reinhard K Straubinger
- Lehrstuhl für Bakteriologie und Mykologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Séverine Tasker
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca Traub
- Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Little
- Department of Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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23
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Kim MY, Sandler BC, Sikkel MB, Cantwell CD, Leong KM, Luther V, Malcolme-Lawes L, Koa-Wing M, Ng FS, Qureshi N, Sohaib A, Whinnett ZI, Fudge M, Lim E, Todd M, Wright I, Peters NS, Lim PB, Linton NWF, Kanagaratnam P. Anatomical Distribution of Ectopy-Triggering Plexuses in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020; 13:e008715. [PMID: 32718187 DOI: 10.1161/circep.120.008715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Kim
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Belinda C Sandler
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Markus B Sikkel
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Christopher D Cantwell
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin M Leong
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Vishal Luther
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Louisa Malcolme-Lawes
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Michael Koa-Wing
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Norman Qureshi
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Afzal Sohaib
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.).,Department of Cardiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (A.S.)
| | - Zachary I Whinnett
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Michael Fudge
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Elaine Lim
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Michelle Todd
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Ian Wright
- Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Phang Boon Lim
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Nicholas W F Linton
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.B.S., K.M.L., V.L., L.M.-L., M.K.-W., F.S.N., N.Q., A.S., Z.I.W., M.F., M.F., E.L., M.T., I.W., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L.)
| | - Prapa Kanagaratnam
- Myocardial Function Section, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (M.-Y.K., B.C.S., M.B.S., C.D.C., F.S.N., N.S.P., P.B.L., N.W.F.L., P.K.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
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Kim MY, Sandler B, Sikkel MB, Cantwell CD, Leong KM, Luther V, Malcolme-Lawes L, Koa-Wing M, Ng FS, Qureshi N, Sohaib A, Whinnett ZI, Fudge M, Lim E, Todd M, Wright I, Peters NS, Lim PB, Linton NWF, Kanagaratnam P. The ectopy-triggering ganglionated plexuses in atrial fibrillation. Auton Neurosci 2020; 228:102699. [PMID: 32769021 PMCID: PMC7511599 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2020.102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epicardial ganglionated plexuses (GP) have an important role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). The relationship between anatomical, histological and functional effects of GP is not well known. We previously described atrioventricular (AV) dissociating GP (AVD-GP) locations. In this study, we hypothesised that ectopy triggering GP (ET-GP) are upstream triggers of atrial ectopy/AF and have different anatomical distribution to AVD-GP. OBJECTIVES We mapped and characterised ET-GP to understand their neural mechanism in AF and anatomical distribution in the left atrium (LA). METHODS 26 patients with paroxysmal AF were recruited. All were paced in the LA with an ablation catheter. High frequency stimulation (HFS) was synchronised to each paced stimulus for delivery within the local atrial refractory period. HFS responses were tagged onto CARTO™ 3D LA geometry. All geometries were transformed onto one reference LA shell. A probability distribution atlas of ET-GP was created. This identified high/low ET-GP probability regions. RESULTS 2302 sites were tested with HFS, identifying 579 (25%) ET-GP. 464 ET-GP were characterised, where 74 (16%) triggered ≥30s AF/AT. Median 97 (IQR 55) sites were tested, identifying 19 (20%) ET-GP per patient. >30% of ET-GP were in the roof, mid-anterior wall, around all PV ostia except in the right inferior PV (RIPV) in the posterior wall. CONCLUSION ET-GP can be identified by endocardial stimulation and their anatomical distribution, in contrast to AVD-GP, would be more likely to be affected by wide antral circumferential ablation. This may contribute to AF ablation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Kim
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Belinda Sandler
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Markus B Sikkel
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher D Cantwell
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin M Leong
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vishal Luther
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Louisa Malcolme-Lawes
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Koa-Wing
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Norman Qureshi
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Afzal Sohaib
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK; Barts Health NHS Trust, UK
| | - Zachary I Whinnett
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Fudge
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elaine Lim
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michelle Todd
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Phang Boon Lim
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W F Linton
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Prapa Kanagaratnam
- Myocardial Function Section, NHLI, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Wright I. Providing advice to owners taking their pets abroad. Vet Rec 2020; 184:801-802. [PMID: 31249121 DOI: 10.1136/vr.l4438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire FY7 6QX
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- Mount Vets, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire, FY7 6QX
| | - Jose M Moral-Gant
- Westway Vets Consett, 13-15 Medomsley Road, Consett, County Durham, DH8 5HE
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27
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Wright I. Maintaining routine parasite prevention in lockdown. Vet Rec 2020; 186:607. [PMID: 32527896 PMCID: PMC7365566 DOI: 10.1136/vr.m2222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- Mount Vets1 Harris Street, FleetwoodLancashireFY7 6QX
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Jackson CL, Wright I, Winful OT, Feinstein L, Adams I. 0367 Social Determinants of Black-White Disparities in the Work-Sleep Relationship by Occupational Class: A Sequential Mixed Methods Approach. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Although Black adults disproportionately work in lower-wage, lower-skilled jobs and experience short sleep (<7 hours), which has been shown to vary by employment industry and occupation, there is scant literature regarding the influence of the work-sleep relationship on racial/ethnic sleep disparities. Our prior quantitative research based on nationally-representative data revealed a novel finding that the prevalence of short sleep was generally highest at professional occupational classes among Black adults but was the least prevalent among their White counterparts.
Methods
To identify reasons for short sleep generally increasing with increasing professional occupations among blacks but decreasing among whites, we conducted a qualitative study using a sequential mixed methods design among Black and White workers across a range of industries and occupations. Occupations were classified as “professional” (e.g., doctors; lawyers) or “non-professional” (e.g., retail; food service). Race-matched trained facilitators conducted 36 focus groups that were homogenous in terms of race-sex/gender-occupational class and 63 one-on-one interviews (N=334 overall participants) using semi-structured interview guides. NVivo software was used to identify themes/patterns.
Results
Participants were a mean age of 41 ± 11 years, 42% were men, 58% had an annual income of ≥$50,000, and 57% were professionals. Black professionals overwhelmingly described less informational and emotional support as well as needing to “work twice as hard to get half as far” (i.e., John Henryism) compared to coworkers as potential explanations for work-sleep disparities. Both Black and White professionals identified longstanding social structures, interpersonal discrimination, income disparities, and familial or self-imposed pressures to succeed. White professional women frequently reported experiences with gender discrimination, which - they reported - may intersect with and amplify the effects of racial discrimination among Black women. Regardless of occupational class, Black men additionally described unique stressors (e.g., political climate; finances; police). White men frequently avoided discussing disparities, and the existence of disparities was often denied/questioned by non-professionals across race and sex/gender.
Conclusion
Our findings inform future research and interventions designed to illuminate and/or address sleep disparities emanating from the workplace.
Support
This work was funded by the Intramural Program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z1AES103325-01).
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Jackson
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - I Wright
- Social and Scientific Systems, Durham, NC
| | | | | | - I Adams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Whitfield
- RSPCA Greater Manchester Hospital, 411 Eccles New Road, Salford M5 5NN
| | - Ian Wright
- Mount Vets, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire FY7 6QX
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Pennelegion C, Drake J, Wiseman S, Wright I. Survey of UK pet owners quantifying internal parasite infection risk and deworming recommendation implications. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:218. [PMID: 32336273 PMCID: PMC7184696 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dogs and cats in the UK are exposed to many internal parasites which can pose risks to the health of both the pet and their owners. By understanding these endemic parasites and the risks they pose, we can assess the lifestyle of pets and recommend the correct deworming frequency. Studies identifying risk factors were discussed in the European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites (ESCCAP) guidelines. To this date, there has been very little information on how pet owners in the UK deworm their pets and if the protocols they follow align with ESCCAP recommendations. The objective of this study was to look at the current deworming protocols of UK cat and dog owners in conjunction with their lifestyle and risk. Methods An online survey was conducted in the UK targeting pet owners who own at least one dog and/or cat and were responsible for product purchase, the pet’s health care and veterinary visits. These survey results were analysed against the ESCCAP guidelines and each pet placed into a risk category. By comparing the current deworming frequency with that recommended for their risk category, the compliance of UK pet owners with ESCCAP recommendations was evaluated. Results A total of 500 dog owners and 500 cat owners completed surveys. Overall, the study found none of the pets fell into risk group A, with all pets meeting the risk level for at least deworming four times a year (risk group B and above). The majority of animals fell into the highest risk category D with 97% of dogs and 68% of cats. The average deworming per year in the UK was 3.1 for dogs and 3.1 cats, below the minimum recommended by ESCCAP. Conclusions For both felines and canines, the dosing frequencies are lower than recommended to both reduce zoonotic risk for reducing Toxocara spp. egg-shedding and improve pet health. This research highlights the need for improved education around dog and cat patient risk assessments and greater adherence to recommended deworming aligned with the ESCCAP guidelines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Drake
- Elanco Animal Health, 2500 Innovation Way, Greenfield, IN, 46140, USA.
| | - Scott Wiseman
- Elanco Animal Health, Lilly House, Priestley Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG24 9NL, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris St, Fleetwood, FY7 6QX, UK.,ESCCAP UK & Ireland, PO Box 358, Malvern, WR14 9HQ, UK
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31
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Dantas-Torres F, Miró G, Baneth G, Bourdeau P, Breitschwerdt E, Capelli G, Cardoso L, Day MJ, Dobler G, Ferrer L, Irwin P, Jongejan F, Kempf VAJ, Kohn B, Lappin M, Little S, Madder M, Maggi R, Maia C, Marcondes M, Naucke T, Oliva G, Pennisi MG, Penzhorn BL, Peregrine A, Pfeffer M, Roura X, Sainz A, Shin S, Solano-Gallego L, Straubinger RK, Tasker S, Traub R, Wright I, Bowman DD, Gradoni L, Otranto D. Canine Leishmaniasis Control in the Context of One Health. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:1-4. [PMID: 31742505 PMCID: PMC6874277 DOI: 10.3201/eid2512.190164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs are the main reservoir of Leishmania infantum and in some countries have been regularly culled as part of government policy to control visceral leishmaniasis. At the 13th Symposium of the Companion Vector-Borne Diseases World Forum in Windsor, UK, March 19–22, 2018, we consolidated a consensus statement regarding the usefulness of dog culling as a means of controlling visceral leishmaniasis. The statement highlighted the futility of culling infected dogs, whether healthy or sick, as a measure to control the domestic reservoir of L. infantum and reduce the risk for visceral leishmaniasis.
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32
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Murphy D, Wright I. Value of using preventive pet parasiticides. Vet Rec 2020; 186:252. [PMID: 32108065 DOI: 10.1136/vr.m727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donal Murphy
- Head of Technical and Regulatory Affairs, National Office of Animal Health, 3 Crossfield Chambers, Gladbeck Way, Enfield EN2 7HF
| | - Ian Wright
- ESCCAP UK & Ireland, Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire FY7 6QX
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33
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Sehgal A, Baverstock R, Wright I, Frey C, Crump T, Carlson K. A Comparative Analysis of Physiotherapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence after Open or Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy. Physiother Can 2019; 71:207-212. [PMID: 31719716 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2017-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We determined whether the patient-reported benefits of physiotherapy for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) symptoms differ significantly between men who have had open prostatectomy and those who have had robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Method: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected from the Rapid Access Clinic 4 offered by the Prostate Cancer Centre in Calgary, Alberta. Baseline characteristics were measured at the pre-surgery appointment, including demographics, health factors, and potential risk factors for SUI. Patient-reported SUI symptoms were measured pre- and post-surgery using the global score of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence. Results: Data from 56 men were included in the analysis, evenly split between the open and robotic sub-groups. At 3 months post-surgery, no statistically significant differences were found in the factors associated with incontinence between the two sub-groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in self-reported incontinence symptom severity from 3-month to 2-year follow-up for both sub-groups. Physiotherapy did not differentially affect either sub-group in a significant way. Conclusions: The self-reported benefits of physiotherapy for SUI symptoms did not differ significantly between the two types of prostatectomy surgery at 2 years post-surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Sehgal
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont
| | - Richard Baverstock
- Vesia [Alberta Bladder Centre].,Department of Surgery, University of Calgary
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Carlson
- Vesia [Alberta Bladder Centre].,Department of Surgery, University of Calgary
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34
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Lambiase PD, de Bono JP, Schilling RJ, Lowe M, Turley A, Slade A, Collinson J, Rajappan K, Harris S, Collison J, Carpenter V, Daw H, Hall A, Roberts E, Holding S, Paisey J, Sopher M, Wright I, Wiles B, Murgatroyd F, Taylor D. British Heart Rhythm Society Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Patients Developing QT Prolongation on Antipsychotic Medication. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2019; 8:161-165. [PMID: 31463053 PMCID: PMC6702465 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2019.8.3.g1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The British Heart Rhythm Society’s Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Patients Developing QT Prolongation on Antipsychotic Medication are written for heart rhythm consultants, primary care physicians, specialist registrars, nurses and physiologists who may be requested to review ECGs or advise on cases where antipsychotic-induced QT prolongation is suspected or proven. The guidance is adapted from the latest Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry, published in 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eleri Roberts
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester, UK
| | - Shona Holding
- Westcliffe Medical Group Practice/Community Cardiology Service Shipley, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Taylor
- King's Health Partners, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London, UK
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35
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Qureshi NA, Kim SJ, Cantwell CD, Afonso VX, Bai W, Ali RL, Shun-Shin MJ, Malcolme-Lawes LC, Luther V, Leong KMW, Lim E, Wright I, Nagy S, Hayat S, Ng FS, Wing MK, Linton NWF, Lefroy DC, Whinnett ZI, Davies DW, Kanagaratnam P, Peters NS, Lim PB. Voltage during atrial fibrillation is superior to voltage during sinus rhythm in localizing areas of delayed enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging: An assessment of the posterior left atrium in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2019; 16:1357-1367. [PMID: 31170484 PMCID: PMC6722483 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Bipolar electrogram voltage during sinus rhythm (VSR) has been used as a surrogate for atrial fibrosis in guiding catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), but the fixed rate and wavefront characteristics present during sinus rhythm may not accurately reflect underlying functional vulnerabilities responsible for AF maintenance. Objective The purpose of this study was determine whether, given adequate temporal sampling, the spatial distribution of mean AF voltage (VmAF) better correlates with delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-DE)–detected atrial fibrosis than VSR. Methods AF was mapped (8 seconds) during index ablation for persistent AF (20 patients) using a 20-pole catheter (660 ± 28 points/map). After cardioversion, VSR was mapped (557 ± 326 points/map). Electroanatomic and MRI-DE maps were co-registered in 14 patients. Results The time course of VmAF was assessed from 1–40 AF cycles (∼8 seconds) at 1113 locations. VmAF stabilized with sampling >4 seconds (mean voltage error 0.05 mV). Paired point analysis of VmAF from segments acquired 30 seconds apart (3667 sites; 15 patients) showed strong correlation (r = 0.95; P <.001). Delayed enhancement (DE) was assessed across the posterior left atrial (LA) wall, occupying 33% ± 13%. VmAF distributions were (median [IQR]) 0.21 [0.14–0.35] mV in DE vs 0.52 [0.34–0.77] mV in non-DE regions. VSR distributions were 1.34 [0.65–2.48] mV in DE vs 2.37 [1.27–3.97] mV in non-DE. VmAF threshold of 0.35 mV yielded sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 79% in detecting MRI-DE compared with 63% and 67%, respectively, for VSR (1.8-mV threshold). Conclusion The correlation between low-voltage and posterior LA MRI-DE is significantly improved when acquired during AF vs sinus rhythm. With adequate sampling, mean AF voltage is a reproducible marker reflecting the functional response to the underlying persistent AF substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman A Qureshi
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Wenjia Bai
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Matt J Shun-Shin
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vishal Luther
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin M W Leong
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Lim
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Wright
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Szabi Nagy
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sajad Hayat
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Koa Wing
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick W F Linton
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David C Lefroy
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zachary I Whinnett
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Wyn Davies
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prapa Kanagaratnam
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phang Boon Lim
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
An ever-increasing number of pets, particularly dogs, are travelling from and back to the UK with their owners, in addition to new pets being brought in having been acquired outside the UK (often as ‘rescues’), and puppies bred outside the UK and imported legally or illegally. Such pet travel risks the importation of a variety of diseases that generally have not been present in the UK. Veterinary surgeons need to be aware of the risks associated with pet travel, and have a good understanding of these diseases. ESCCAP is an excellent source of information on parasites. To protect animal health, it is necessary to go well beyond the Pet Travel Scheme requirements. It is important to be able to provide owners with the best advice and preventative treatments to minimise the risks of pets acquiring parasitic, vector-borne and other diseases while travelling — for their benefit and for the longer-term health and welfare of the UK pet population, as well as the health of the human population. For any disease prevention or control programme to be effective, awareness and motivation must be raised, and for this, communication is key. It is vital to tailor the language used to match the audience in order for any message to be heard and accepted, and it is essential to remember the emotional attachment that people develop for animals they are ‘rescuing’.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hany Elsheikha
- Associate Professor of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham; Member of ESCCAP UK & Ireland
| | - Adam Gow
- European and RCVS-Recognised Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine; Senior Lecturer in Small Animal Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | - Dan Horton
- Senior Lecturer in Veterinary Virology, University of Surrey
| | - Simon Tappin
- European and RCVS-Recognised Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine; Honorary Associate Professor, University of Nottingham Dick White Referrals
| | - Charlie Walker
- TheSkinVet Companion Animal Dermatology Referrals in South-East England
| | - Richard Wall
- Professor of Zoology, Veterinary Parasitology & Ecology Group, University of Bristol; Member of ESCCAP UK & Ireland
| | - Ian Wright
- Head of ESCCAP UK & Ireland and Guidelines Director of ESCCAP Europe
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- ESCCAP UK & Ireland; Mount Veterinary Practice, Fleetwood Lancashire FY7 6QX
| | - Samantha Baker
- Vets4Pets Braintree, Inside Pets at Home, Unit 6B Braintree Retail Park; Charter Way, Braintree Essex CM77 8YJ
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise MacLeod
- Good Companions Veterinary Clinic, 3 The Maltings, Stanstead Abbotts, Hertfordshire SG12 8HG
| | - Ian Wright
- ESCCAP UK and Ireland, The Mount Veterinary Practice,1 Harris Street, Fleetwood, Lancashire FY7 6QX
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Amin S, Kingswood JC, Bolton PF, Elmslie F, Gale DP, Harland C, Johnson SR, Parker A, Sampson JR, Smeaton M, Wright I, O'Callaghan FJ. The UK guidelines for management and surveillance of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex. QJM 2019; 112:171-182. [PMID: 30247655 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) can vary among affected individuals. Complications of TSC can be life threatening, with significant impact on patients' quality of life. Management may vary dependent on treating physician, local and national policies, and funding. There are no current UK guidelines. We conducted a Delphi consensus process to reach agreed guidance for the management of patients with TSC in the UK. METHODS We performed a literature search and reviewed the 2012/13 international guideline for TSC management. Based on these, a Delphi questionnaire was formed. We invited 86 clinicians and medical researchers to complete an online survey in two rounds. All the people surveyed were based in the UK. Clinicians were identified through the regional TSC clinics, and researchers were identified through publications. In round one, 55 questions were asked. In round two, 18 questions were asked in order to obtain consensus on the outstanding points that had been contentious in round one. The data was analysed by a core committee and subcommittees, which consisted of UK experts in different aspects of TSC. The Tuberous Sclerosis Association was consulted. RESULTS About 51 TSC experts took part in this survey. Two rounds were required to achieve consensus. The responders were neurologists, nephrologists, psychiatrist, psychologists, oncologists, general paediatricians, dermatologist, urologists, radiologists, clinical geneticists, neurosurgeons, respiratory and neurodisability clinicians. CONCLUSIONS These new UK guidelines for the management and surveillance of TSC patients provide consensus guidance for delivery of best clinical care to individuals with TSC in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amin
- University Hospitals Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Education Centre Level 6, Bristol, UK
| | - J C Kingswood
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Eastern Rd, Brighton, East Sussex, UK
| | - P F Bolton
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - F Elmslie
- St George's University Hospitals, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK
| | - D P Gale
- UCL Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - C Harland
- Epsom & St Helier Hospital, Wrythe Lane, Carshalton, Surrey, UK
| | - S R Johnson
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Parker
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - J R Sampson
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Smeaton
- Tuberous Sclerosis Association, CAN Mezzanine, 32-36 Loman Street, London, UK
| | - I Wright
- University of Bristol, The Priory Road Complex, Priory Road, Bristol, Clifton, UK
| | - F J O'Callaghan
- UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, 41 Clinical Neurosciences Section, 4th Floor Philip Ullman Wing South, London, UK
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Trafford Crump R, Sehgal A, Wright I, Carlson K, Baverstock R. From Prostate Health to Overactive Bladder: Developing a Crosswalk for the IPSS to OAB-V8. Urology 2019; 125:73-78. [PMID: 30803722 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a statistical model to facilitate the comparison of 2 common patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments in male lower urinary tract symptoms. METHODS Two PROs used by urologists are the International Prostate Symptoms Severity (IPSS) and the Overactive Bladder-Validated 8 questions (OAB-V8). The former measures symptoms related to prostate cancer, the latter measures the severity of symptoms related to OAB. Ordinary least squares regression was used to develop 3 models for translating responses to the IPSS into OAB-V8 scores. The root mean square error was used to compare the models. RESULTS The sample consisted of 493 participants, ranging from 18 to 93 years of age. The recommended model included the individual responses to the IPSS' items and participants' age. Due to the low root mean square error (0.7606), indicating low variation and high precision, we can explain about 63% (R2 = 0.6260) relationship between IPSS and OAB-v8. CONCLUSION This study successfully modeled global OAB-V8 scores from IPSS responses. This model performed comparably well to others developed using similar methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anika Sehgal
- VESIA [Alberta Bladder Centre], Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian Wright
- VESIA [Alberta Bladder Centre], Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kevin Carlson
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; VESIA [Alberta Bladder Centre], Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard Baverstock
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; VESIA [Alberta Bladder Centre], Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- ESCCAP Secretariat, Malvern Hills Science Park, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3SZ
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Elsheikha HM, Wright I, Wang B, Schaper R. Prevalence of feline lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in England. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2019; 16:100271. [PMID: 31027590 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Infection of cats with lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus has recently been documented in the UK. Here, we aimed to study the prevalence of A. abstrusus in fecal samples from cats across England. A total of 950 fecal samples were collected from cats together with information on their age, breed, gender, geographic region, lifestyle, and treatment history. A total of 17 (1.7%) cats were positive for A. abstrusus based on species-specific morphological features of the larvae isolated by Baermann's technique. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of positive samples between females (506; 53.2%) and males (444; 46.7%). Multiple regression analysis showed that prevalence of feline lungworm was significantly different across geographic regions: in comparison with East Midlands, some regions had shown significantly increased odds of A. abstrusus-positive samples (South East [odds ratio [OR] = 7.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.70 to 32.76; p = .01]; West Midlands [OR = 6.20; 95% CI = 1.21 to 26.84; p = .02]), while other regions had also increased odds although not statistically significant (Greater London [OR = 9.63; 95% CI = 0.43 to 84.05; p = .07]; North West [OR = 4.25; 95% CI = 0.59 to 20.89; p = .09]; South West [OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 0.12 to 17.64; p = .43]; and North East [OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 0.10 to 12.24; p = .57]). Keeping cats inside was protective against the risk of infection compared with those having outdoor access (OR = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.48; p = .02). On the other hand, age, breed, gender and deworming history did not have any significant effect on the likelihood of infection. Our data indicate that A. abstrusus is a parasite of potential significance in cats, in particular those from certain geographic regions in England. To reduce the spread of this parasite, an integrated feline lungworm control program needs to be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany M Elsheikha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris Str, Fleetwood Lancs FY7 6QX, UK
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Mathematics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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Dixon F, Ziegler DS, Bajuk B, Wright I, Hilder L, Abdel Latif ME, Somanathan A, Oei JL. Treatment with nitric oxide in the neonatal intensive care unit is associated with increased risk of childhood cancer. Acta Paediatr 2018; 107:2092-2098. [PMID: 29873414 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine whether neonatal intensive care therapies increase the risk of carcinogenesis in childhood. METHODS This study used population-based data on 1 072 957 infants born in New South Wales, Australia, between 2000 and 2011 and multivariate logistic regression to examine any associations between therapies used in the neonatal intensive care unit and diagnoses of cancer until mid 2012. RESULTS A total of 1126 of 1 072 957 (0.1%) children were diagnosed with cancer. Cancer risk was significantly increased by preterm birth (gestation <37 weeks; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.0-1.6), birth weight ≥4 kg (aOR 1.4, 1.2-1.6) and caesarean delivery (aOR 1.2, 1.1-1.4). Extremely preterm (<28 weeks of gestation) infants were more likely to develop hepatic tumours (aOR 12.7, 3.3-48.3) than term infants. The only therapy used in the neonatal intensive care that was independently associated with an increased risk of cancer was nitric oxide (aOR 8.6, 4.3-17.4). Eight of the 790 (1%) infants treated with nitric oxide developed cancer (gestation range 30-41 weeks, age of cancer diagnosis: four months-five years). CONCLUSION Treatment with nitric oxide was associated with a higher risk of childhood cancer. These findings require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Dixon
- School of Women's and Children's Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- School of Women's and Children's Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre; Sydney Children's Hospital; Randwick New South Wales Australia
| | - Barbara Bajuk
- New South Wales Pregnancy and Newborn Services; Sydney Children's Hospital; Randwick New South Wales Australia
| | - Ian Wright
- Graduate Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute; University of Wollongong; Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Lisa Hilder
- School of Women's and Children's Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- National Perinatal Epidemiology & Statistics Unit; Centre for Big Data Research; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Mohamed E. Abdel Latif
- Faculty of Medicine; the Australian National University; Deakin Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Aranie Somanathan
- School of Women's and Children's Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Ju Lee Oei
- School of Women's and Children's Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Newborn Care; Royal Hospital for Women; Randwick New South Wales Australia
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McNamara J, Drake J, Wiseman S, Wright I. Survey of European pet owners quantifying endoparasitic infection risk and implications for deworming recommendations. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:571. [PMID: 30382932 PMCID: PMC6211546 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zoonotic endoparasites pose risks to pets and people. The European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites (ESCCAP) created risk groupings for dogs (A-D) and for cats (A-B), with the highest risk pets (Group D dogs and Group B cats) receiving the most frequent testing and/or deworming recommendations. Little information exists on current deworming behaviours across Europe, alignment to accepted guidelines and the percentage of dogs and cats falling into ESCCAP groups. The study objectives were to evaluate the reported infection-risk behaviours of dogs and cats and assesses whether deworming frequency reported by pet owners complied with recommended deworming frequencies. Methods A total of 5001 pet owners from five different countries (France, Germany, Spain, Sweden and the UK) were surveyed regarding endoparasite infection risk and the frequency of deworming of dogs and cats. For the purposes of this study, ESCCAP risk groups for cats (A-B) were converted into four risk groups (A-D) using the additional risk factors outlined in the ESCCAP guidelines. This allowed direct comparison between cats and dogs as well as grouped higher risk cats into the appropriate deworming frequency. Results The three most common risk factors identified for dogs were contact with: other dogs, snails or prey; children or the elderly; going off lead outside their own garden. 85–98% of all dogs had risks putting them into Group D, the highest risk group. The three most common risk factors identified for cats were: hunting; catching prey; contact with children or the elderly. Using these revised groups, 33–68% of cats were in Group D. Despite the majority of dogs and cats falling into a risk category where ESCCAP recommends monthly deworming, dogs and cats averaged 2.3 and 2.2 dewormings per year, respectively. This frequency was less than the four times a year dosing frequency demonstrated to be required to reduce zoonotic Toxocara spp. ova shedding. Conclusions Overall, 93% of dogs and 54% of cats fell into Group D, the highest risk group. Deworming frequencies were considerably less than recommended by ESCCAP or required to both reduce zoonotic risk and improve pet health. Improved treatment compliance is needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3149-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McNamara
- Elanco Animal Health, Lilly House, Priestley Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG24 9NL, UK
| | - Jason Drake
- Elanco Animal Health, 2500 Innovation Way, Greenfield, IN, 46140, USA.
| | - Scott Wiseman
- Elanco Animal Health, Lilly House, Priestley Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG24 9NL, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris St, Fleetwood, FY7 6QX, UK.,ESCCAP UK & Ireland, PO Box 358, Malvern, WR14 9HQ, UK
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Shuttleworth A, Dunning M, Wright I, Elsheikha HM. Survey-based pilot study into the chosen therapy and prophylaxis used by UK primary care veterinary surgeons against canine angiostrongylosis. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2018; 14:144-149. [PMID: 31014720 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Canine Angiostrongylosis (CA), a gastropod-borne parasitic infection caused by the metastrongyloid nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum, is an important cause of significant morbidity to domestic dogs across the UK as well as in other European countries. This study aimed to ascertain the frequency at which particular drugs were used by primary care practitioners in the UK for therapy against and prophylaxis for CA. Primary care veterinary clinicians were surveyed using an online questionnaire and face-to-face or telephone interviews. Eighty-six veterinary surgeons responded. The majority of practices (n = 52) included lungworm in their standard anthelmintic protocols; moxidectin was the most common drug used for prophylaxis (n = 71). Fenbendazole was the most frequently selected drug, by 45% of vets, for treatment of confirmed cases of CA despite it being unlicensed for this purpose in the UK and the absence of a clear treatment protocol. The results of this pilot study provide an initial insight into the approach taken by primary care practitioners in their approach to CA. This provides an important starting point for future studies investigating the decision-making for CA amongst UK veterinary surgeons, particularly to clarify whether in a larger cohort an unlicensed drug remains the treatment of choice. The absence of a clear protocol for fenbendazole means that treatment of dogs affected by CA may be suboptimal, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shuttleworth
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Mark Dunning
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- Mount Veterinary Practice, Fleetwood FY7 6QX, UK
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.
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Luther V, Wright I, Lefroy D, Ng FS. A narrow complex tachycardia with variable R-R intervals: What is the mechanism? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2018; 29:1174-1176. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Luther
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust & Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Ian Wright
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust & Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
| | - David Lefroy
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust & Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust & Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
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Vauterin P, Jeffery B, Miles A, Amato R, Hart L, Wright I, Kwiatkowski D. Panoptes: web-based exploration of large scale genome variation data. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:3243-3249. [PMID: 29028261 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation The size and complexity of modern large-scale genome variation studies demand novel approaches for exploring and sharing the data. In order to unlock the potential of these data for a broad audience of scientists with various areas of expertise, a unified exploration framework is required that is accessible, coherent and user-friendly. Results Panoptes is an open-source software framework for collaborative visual exploration of large-scale genome variation data and associated metadata in a web browser. It relies on technology choices that allow it to operate in near real-time on very large datasets. It can be used to browse rich, hybrid content in a coherent way, and offers interactive visual analytics approaches to assist the exploration. We illustrate its application using genome variation data of Anopheles gambiae, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Availability and implementation Freely available at https://github.com/cggh/panoptes, under the GNU Affero General Public License. Contact paul.vauterin@gmail.com.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Vauterin
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ben Jeffery
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Alistair Miles
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.,Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Roberto Amato
- Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Lee Hart
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ian Wright
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Dominic Kwiatkowski
- MRC Centre for Genomics and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.,Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
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Hasheminasab SS, Moradi P, Wright I. A four year epidemiological and chemotherapy survey of babesiosis and theileriosis, and tick vectors in sheep, cattle and goats in Dehgolan, Iran. Ann Parasitol 2018; 64:43–48. [PMID: 29717573 DOI: 10.17420/ap6401.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Babesia and Theileria are two protozoa belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, which result in babesiosis and theileriosis in different hosts, cause considerable problems in domestic animals and as a consequence economic losses. These two diseases are transmitted by ticks. This survey was carried out due to the lack of studies and information regarding tick vectors and Theileria and Babesia species in the Dehgolan area of Iran, which is a center of agriculture and animal holding industry. This study was conducted during a four-year period, between 2012 and 2016. Infection with Theileria and Babesia was observed throughout the year while in contrast to cattle and sheep, infection with Babesia in goats was not observed between December and February. Infection with Babesia and Theileria reached the highest peak in July and this was more considerable for Theileria in cattle and sheep with a prevalence of 37–47% and 46–79%, respectively. The infection rate in goats for both diseases was 20%. The results in this study showed that Imidocarb Diproprionate and Buparvaquone are effective treatments for Babesia and Theileria, respectively. In this survey, the ticks of Rhipicephalus spp. and Hyalomma anatolicum had the highest infection rate with Babesia and Theileria, respectively. Considering the significant relationship between the prevalence of Theileria and Babesia with tick infection in this study and other studies, more studies on climate changes and tick vector prevalence are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ian Wright
- Withy Grove Veterinary Clinic, 39 Station Road, Bamber Bridge, Preston PR5 6QR, UK4
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris Str., Fleetwood Lancs, FY7 6QX, UK.
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Wright I, Cull B, Gillingham EL, Hansford KM, Medlock J. Be tick aware: when and where to check cats and dogs for ticks. Vet Rec 2018; 182:514. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Wright
- The Mount Veterinary Practice; Fleetwood UK
| | - Benjamin Cull
- Department of Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology; Public Health England; Porton Down UK
| | - Emma L Gillingham
- Department of Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology; Public Health England; Porton Down UK
| | - Kayleigh M Hansford
- Department of Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology; Public Health England; Porton Down UK
| | - Jolyon Medlock
- Department of Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology; Public Health England; Porton Down UK
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