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Melzer J, Stahnisch FW. [Rationales, Irrationales, Komplexes in Zeiten einer Pandemie: One World]. Complement Med Res 2020; 27:209-214. [PMID: 32772016 DOI: 10.1159/000510493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz, .,Praxis für Psychosomatik, Psychoanalyse, Naturheilkunde, Göttingen, Deutschland,
| | - Frank W Stahnisch
- Departement für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Cumming School of Medicine, und Department für Geschichte, Faculty of Arts, Universität von Calgary, Calgary, Kanada
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Melzer J, Melzer S, Saller R. Medicine and Economy in an Ever-Changing World. Complement Med Res 2018; 25:220-222. [PMID: 30114696 DOI: 10.1159/000492482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of nonverbal intelligence for child language skills. METHODS 414 children aged between 4 and 5 years were examined regarding their lexical-grammatical skills, their emotion recognition and empathic skill as a basic competence of their pragmatic as well as nonverbal intelligence. Correlations and regression analyses were performed to determine whether the nonverbal IQ contributes to variance explanation in each language area. Additionally, maternal educational level and the migration background were taken into account. RESULTS Nonverbal intelligence contributed to variance explanation, but to a low degree. A relatively high proportion of variance for the lexical-grammatical skills could be explained by the migration background; contact time with the German language played an essential role here. CONCLUSIONS The models for lexical-grammatical skills prediction indicate the importance of migration background in relation to the contact time with the German language and nonverbal intelligence. The migration background does not seem to influence emotion recognition competence and empathic skills; nonverbal intelligence represents the only relevant factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melzer
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation (ZKPR), Universität Bremen, Bremen
| | - J-K Rißling
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation (ZKPR), Universität Bremen, Bremen
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Rißling J, Melzer J, Menke B, Petermann F, Daseking M. Sprachkompetenz und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im Vorschulalter. Gesundheitswesen 2015; 77:805-13. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Rißling
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - J. Melzer
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | | | - F. Petermann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - M. Daseking
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Daseking
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - J. Melzer
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - J. Rißling
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - F. Petermann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Saller
- Institut für psychogene Erkrankungen, Zentrum für Gesundheit, Berlin, Deutschland
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Abstract
In traditional medicine, especially CAM, the concept of (herbal) tonics has a long history in the different medical systems (TEN -- Traditional European Naturopathy; TCM - Traditional Chinese Medicine). Nevertheless, the ideas concerning the function of a tonic differ, e.g., stimulation of body functions, strengthening of organ function, enhancement of adaption, and well-being. Although no exact pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic properties of tonics can be given, the following general definition, even in the transcultural comparison between European and Chinese concepts, seems meaningful: A tonic is an agent that has the capability to restore and/or maintain the physiological functioning of an organ system, leading to the subjective feeling of well-being of the patient treated with it.
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Kessler C, Wischnewsky M, Michalsen A, Eisenmann C, Melzer J. Ayurveda: between religion, spirituality, and medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013:952432. [PMID: 24368928 PMCID: PMC3863565 DOI: 10.1155/2013/952432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ayurveda is playing a growing part in Europe. Questions regarding the role of religion and spirituality within Ayurveda are discussed widely. Yet, there is little data on the influence of religious and spiritual aspects on its European diffusion. Methods. A survey was conducted with a new questionnaire. It was analysed by calculating frequency variables and testing differences in distributions with the χ (2)-Test. Principal Component Analyses with Varimax Rotation were performed. Results. 140 questionnaires were analysed. Researchers found that individual religious and spiritual backgrounds influence attitudes and expectations towards Ayurveda. Statistical relationships were found between religious/spiritual backgrounds and decisions to offer/access Ayurveda. Accessing Ayurveda did not exclude the simultaneous use of modern medicine and CAM. From the majority's perspective Ayurveda is simultaneously a science, medicine, and a spiritual approach. Conclusion. Ayurveda seems to be able to satisfy the individual needs of therapists and patients, despite worldview differences. Ayurvedic concepts are based on anthropologic assumptions including different levels of existence in healing approaches. Thereby, Ayurveda can be seen in accordance with the prerequisites for a Whole Medical System. As a result of this, intimate and individual therapist-patient relationships can emerge. Larger surveys involving bigger participant numbers with fully validated questionnaires are warranted to support these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Kessler
- Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Immanuel Hospital and Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology & Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Center, Research Coordination, Königstraße 63, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Wischnewsky
- eScience Center, University of Bremen, Universitätsallee, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - A. Michalsen
- Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Immanuel Hospital and Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology & Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Center, Research Coordination, Königstraße 63, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Eisenmann
- Graduate School in History and Sociology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - J. Melzer
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Königin-Elisabeth-Herzberge Hospital, 10365 Berlin, Germany
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Uehleke B, Müller J, Stange R, Kelber O, Melzer J. Willow bark extract STW 33-I in the long-term treatment of outpatients with rheumatic pain mainly osteoarthritis or back pain. Phytomedicine 2013; 20:980-984. [PMID: 23731658 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Efficacy and safety of willow bark extract for pain reduction in patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) has been shown in clinical short term trials. Therefore this observational study over 6 months should evaluate patterns of treatments like mono- or combinations therapy, dosage and safety during long-term treatment under pragmatic conditions with the aqueous willow bark extract STW 33-I, (Proaktiv(®); drug-extract-ratio 16-23:1). PATIENTS AND METHODS The patients were treated with STW 33-I; comedication with other NSAIDs and opioids was allowed. An extensive case report form including pain questionnaires and patient diary was used for outcome evaluation. RESULTS Four hundred and thirty-six patients with rheumatic pain mainly due to osteoarthritis (56.2%) and back pain (59.9%) were included. During the study the mean reductions from baseline value 58.4±22.6-31.8±22.5 after 24 weeks in the pain intensity scale (VAS 0-100mm) were significant even after 3 weeks with a reduction by 26 mm (45.6% of the baseline value) at the end of the study. The relative reductions of the weekly means of the daily patient self-rated scores of the pain (6-point Likert-scales) were between 33% and 44% of the baseline values during the course of the study. We present results of subgroups according their analgetic/antiphlogistic comedication. The distribution and specification of the main adverse events and the ratings of the treatment showed a good tolerability. No relevant drug interactions were reported. CONCLUSION These data suggest that STW 33-I can be used as a basic treatment in the long-term therapy of painful musculoskeletal disorders and that it can be combined with NSAIDs and opioids if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Uehleke
- Department of Natural Medicine, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institute of Complementary Medicine and Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistraße 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Christian Deter
- Clinic for Family Medicine, Naturopathy and Psychosomatics, Charité, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Uehleke
- University of Applied Sciences Health and Sports, 10367 Berlin, Germany
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Melzer J, Saller R. [Clinical studies in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: update from the aspects of a meta-narrative review]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20 Suppl 2:17-21. [PMID: 23860108 DOI: 10.1159/000351720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease. Its association with the metabolic syndrome requires a multimodal therapy setting, to alleviate symptoms and for primary and secondary prevention. In the planning of the therapy, information about evidence of the interventions and a rationale for reasonable combinations are important. METHOD For compiling a meta-narrative review (MNR) on the evidence of complementary and conventional pharmaco-therapy in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), the literature was searched for meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These were evaluated taking into account network-pharmacological aspects and research parameters. RESULTS 4 suitable meta-analyses were found. In comparison to placebo, treatments with verum showed a significant improvement of the maximum walking distance of 63.5 m (95% confidence interval (CI) 27.11-99.91 m; Padma 28, Tibetan Formula), 41.3 m (95% CI -7.1-89.7 m; cilostazol, phosphodiesterase IIl inhibitor), 43.8 m (95% CI 14.1-73.6 m; pentoxifylline, rheological drug), and 71.2 m (95% CI 13.3-129.0 m; naftidrofuryl, rheological drug). Only for Padma 28, clinical relevance, defined as an increase of the maximum walking distance by >100 m, was analyzed and reached by 18.2% of the verum and 2.1% of the placebo patients (odds ratio 10; 95% CI 3.03-33.33). 1 conventional and 1 complementary drug additionally showed to have significant pleiotropic effects (Padma 28 and cilostazol (e.g. reduction of triglycerides)). CONCLUSIONS According to meta-analytic evidence, naftidrofuryl and Padma 28 show clinically relevant efficacy for the treatment of early stages of PAOD. The extent to which the theoretically possible combination of different drugs contributes to improve the systemic disease under a network-pharmacological rationale remains to be shown in a multi-armed RCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institut für Naturheilkunde, Universitätsspital Zürich, Schweiz.
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Vennos C, Melzer J, Saller R. Clinical Studies on the Efficacy and Safety of Padma 28, a Complex Herbal Formulation from Tibetan Medicine: An Overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20 Suppl 2:25-30. [DOI: 10.1159/000351722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Melzer J, Rostock M, Brignoli R, Keck ME, Saller R. Preliminary data of a HAMD-17 validated symptom scale derived from the ICD-10 to diagnose depression in outpatients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:191-6. [PMID: 22964985 DOI: 10.1159/000342018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In outpatient settings diagnostic classification of depressive symptoms is mostly descriptive based on ICD-10. Depending on clinical experience and consultation time, diagnosis can be verified by validated scales. However, physicians working in primary care are familiar with ICD-10 criteria. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility of the validation of an ICD-10-derived symptom scale for depression. METHODS For this preliminary trial we generated a symptom scale derived 1:1 from the diagnostic criteria for depression given in the ICD-10 with 10 items. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) was used as reference in a population of 226 outpatients suffering from depressive symptoms. Correlation between scales as well as sensitivity and specificity of the ICD-10 scale were calculated. RESULTS The generated ICD-10 symptom scale for depression could be analyzed in 219 patients and showed a significant and strong correlation with the HAMD-17 (p < 0.0001; ρ = 0.75). The best tradeoffs between specificity and sensitivity of the ICD-10 score were found at 10 points for the lower and 14 points for the upper cut-off. Overall sensitivity and specificity was 76.7 and 88.6%. Almost two thirds (i.e. 65.3%) of the patients were correctly classified by the ICD-10 scale. CONCLUSION The ICD-10 symptom scale examined in the current population was found to have fair correlation with the HAMD-17 as well as, in face of the limited variance of the patients' condition, acceptable sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, this preliminary study showed that the ICD-10-derived symptom scale seems appropriate to be investigated in a thorough validation trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
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Melzer J. Ergebnisse einer randomisierten, placebokontrollierten pharmakoklinischen Studie mit einem pflanzlichen Kombinationspräparat zur Behandlung von Patienten mit somatoformen Störungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1159/000342466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Surkova N, Chekhirova GV, Aseeva T, Nikolaev S, Agalzew G, Melzer J, Vennos C, Schwabl H, Saller R. Frühe neuzeitliche Begegnungen deutschsprachiger Forscher mit der tibetischen Medizin in Sibirien. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:143-52. [DOI: 10.1159/000339343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Saller R, Melzer J, Rostock M. [Antiinflammatory herbal drugs and their therapeutic potential in tumor patients]. Forsch Komplementmed 2011; 18:203-212. [PMID: 21934320 DOI: 10.1159/000333140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Saller
- Institut für Naturheilkunde, Universitätsspital, Zürich, Schweiz.
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Uehleke B, Brignoli R, Rostock M, Saller R, Melzer J. Phytodolor® in Musculoskeletal Disorders: Re-Analysis and Meta-Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:249-56. [DOI: 10.1159/000332820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Melzer J, Brignoli R, Keck M, Saller R. Evaluation of an ICD-10 derived symptoms score in an open study with a Hypericum extract in the treatment of depressive symptoms in outpatients. Eur J Integr Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2010.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Melzer J, Brignoli R, Diehm C, Reichling J, Do DD, Saller R. Meta-analysis of the Tibetan herbal fixed combination Padma 28 in peripheral arterial disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7166.2004.tb04534.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Melzer J, Brignoli R, Keck ME, Saller R. A Hypericum Extract in the Treatment of Depressive Symptoms in Outpatients: An Open Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 17:7-14. [DOI: 10.1159/000277628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Melzer J, Schrader E, Brattström A, Schellenberg R, Saller R. Fixed herbal drug combination with and without butterbur (Ze 185) for the treatment of patients with somatoform disorders: randomized, placebo-controlled pharmaco-clinical trial. Phytother Res 2009; 23:1303-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Melzer J, Iten F, Reichling J, Saller R. Iberis amara L. and Iberogast®—Results of a Systematic Review Concerning Functional Dyspepsia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/j157v04n04_05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Melzer J, Iten F, Hostanska K, Saller R. Efficacy and safety of mistletoe preparations (Viscum album) for patients with cancer diseases. A systematic review. Complement Med Res 2009; 16:217-26. [PMID: 19729932 DOI: 10.1159/000226249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mistletoe is often used as a complementary approach in oncology. Despite experimental anti-tumour effects and several reviews there remains controversy about its clinical role. PATIENTS AND METHODS Potentially relevant trials were identified to perform a systematic review (databases: e.g. EMBASE, MEDLINE; hand search: e.g. bibliographies; search terms: e.g. mistletoe). To be included, randomised or comparative clinical trials at least had to examine mistletoe preparations standardized according to manufacturing process and to describe interventions explicitly. Additionally, cohort studies were included for reasons of external validity. Results were summarised in tables. RESULTS 18 clinical trials (>6,800 participants) were included. Their internal quality was mostly low. Due to heterogeneity between trials a meta-analysis was impossible. Regarding efficacy, findings were inconsistent regarding life expectancy, relation to tumour entity, dosing and treatment duration. Yet, studies indicate that quality of life (QoL) is improved. As these findings do not seem to be limited to one of the different parenteral mistletoe preparations reviewed the treatment may be summarised under the umbrella term 'mistletoe therapy'. Regarding safety, 1 serious adverse event (AE) related to mistletoe was described; non-serious AEs were local reactions at injection site. Allergic reactions were rare. CONCLUSION Supportive 'mistletoe therapy' seems safe and beneficial for QoL in adult patients with solid tumours. But there is an urgent need to confirm its efficacy in patient-centred care in a complex oncological setting. This has to be evaluated systematically in prospective observational trials with validated, multidimensional patient-rated QoL questionnaires and comparisons of different preparations and dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
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Melzer J, Hostanska K, Felix I, Saller R. Evidence-based integrative medicine as exemplified by adjuvant mistletoe treatment. Eur J Integr Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2008.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hostanska K, Melzer J, Amon A, Saller R. Anti-inflammatory abilities of Imupret®: Inhibition of IL-8 and human β-defensin 2 induced by LPS and IL-1β in lung epithelial A549 cells. Eur J Integr Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2008.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Saller R, Brignoli R, Melzer J, Meier R. An updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 15:9-20. [PMID: 18334810 DOI: 10.1159/000113648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential benefit of silymarin (special extract from the fruits of Silybum marianum) in the treatment of liver diseases remains a controversial issue. METHODS For this systematic review electronic databases identified 65 papers for the search terms silymarin, silibinin, silicristin or milk thistle and clinical trial. Only 19 complied with the criteria'double-' or 'single-blind'. These publications were analysed from a clinical point of view and meta-analytic calculations were performed. RESULTS The clinical evidence ofa therapeutic effect of silymarin in toxic liver diseases is scarce. There is no evidence of a favourable influence on the evolution of viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis C. In alcoholic liver disease, comparing with placebo, aspartate aminotransferase was reduced in the silymarin-treated groups (p = 0.01) while alkaline phosphatase was not. In liver cirrhosis, mostly alcoholic, total mortality was 16.1% with silymarin vs. 20.5% with placebo (n.s.); liver-related mortality was 10.0% with silymarin vs. 17.3% with placebo(p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Based on the available clinical evidence it can be concluded - concerning possible risks /probable benefits - that it is reasonable to employ silymarin as a supportive element in the therapy of Amanita phalloides poisoning but also (alcoholic and grade Child 'A') liver cirrhosis. A consistent research programme, consolidating existing evidence and exploring new potential uses,would be very welcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Saller
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
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Saller R, Melzer J, Felder M. Schmerzlinderung in der Rheumatologie mit einem Weidenrinden-Spezialextrakt. Eine offene Studie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000286250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Saller R, Reichling J, Rostock M, Iten F, Melzer J. Gastrointestinale Symptome bei tumorkranken Menschen - phytotherapeutische Behandlungsmöglichkeiten. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000286282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Brignoli R, Kazemekaitis A, Linde K, Meier B, Melzer J, Rostock M, Uehleke B. Matched-pair study showed higher quality of placebo-controlled trials in Western phytotherapy than conventional medicine. Complement Med Res 2007; 14:308-15. [PMID: 17971674 DOI: 10.1159/000107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reto Brignoli
- Tradyser Consulting GmbH, Loosstrasse 19, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have seen an explosion of scientific papers that deal with drugs from the fruits of milk thistle and its active substances silymarin (standardized mixture of flavonolignanes), thus justifying an updated systematic review. METHODS Electronic databases identified silymarin, silibinin, silicristin or milk thistle as descriptors in >700 papers (34% published in last 5 years; 92% dealt with animal pharmacological). Only papers adequately reporting on experimental conditions, dosing, variables tested and statistics were analysed. RESULTS Silymarin was found to modify specifically the functions related to various transporters and receptors located in the cell membranes; that is, organic anion uptake transporter peptides (OATP), ABC transporters (P-gp), bile salt export pump, as well as TNF-alpha-dependent and possibly selectin-dependent phenomena. In the cytoplasm, some antioxidant properties and the inhibition of the lipoxygenase pathway seem quite selective and could concur to the antitoxic effects. Some effects like the inhibition of inducible nitric-oxide synthase, of nuclear factor kappa B, and reduction of collagen synthesis are indicative of DNA/RNA-mediated effects. Several studies using 'in vitro' and 'in vivo' cancer models suggest a potential of silymarin in such diseases. Topical and systemic silymarin has skin protective properties against UV-induced damage in epidermis and causes an up-regulation of tumour-suppressor genes p53- and p21CIP1. There were no data on hepatic viral replication, viremia or spontaneous tumours in the data examined. CONCLUSIONS Data presented here do not solve the question about the complex mechanism(s) of action of the medicinal herbal drug silymarin. Silymarin may be a natural multi-functional and multi-target drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Saller
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Widrig R, Suter A, Saller R, Melzer J. Choosing between NSAID and arnica for topical treatment of hand osteoarthritis in a randomised, double-blind study. Rheumatol Int 2007; 27:585-91. [PMID: 17318618 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-007-0304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of topical preparations for symptom relief is common in osteoarthritis. The effects of ibuprofen (5%) and arnica (50 g tincture/100 g, DER 1:20), as gel preparations in patients with radiologically confirmed and symptomatically active osteoarthritis of interphalangeal joints of hands, were evaluated in a randomised, double-blind study in 204 patients, to ascertain differences in pain relief and hand function after 21 days' treatment. Diagnosis was according to established criteria; primary endpoints were pain intensity and hand function; statistical design was as per current regulatory guidelines for testing topical preparations. There were no differences between the two groups in pain and hand function improvements, or in any secondary end points evaluated. Adverse events were reported by six patients (6.1%) on ibuprofen and by five patients (4.8%) on arnica. Our results confirm that this preparation of arnica is not inferior to ibuprofen when treating osteoarthritis of hands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto Widrig
- Rheumatology Clinic, 9004, St Gallen, Switzerland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Practitioners and users of naturopathic therapies claim that one of the assumptions underlying their work is a holistic "view of man". OBJECTIVE Does there exist one specific view of man in present naturopathy and what does this mean? MATERIAL AND METHODS Database and literature research of use and meaning of the term "view of man" and descriptive analysis. RESULTS The term "view of man" is neither timeless nor related to a specific subject area. Its meaning is connected with the state of knowledge of the respective epoch as well as its reception in science and society. The discourse concerning the term "view of man" in the 2nd half of the 20th century in German literature shows, that in different fields the argumentation about one specific view of man shifts towards a pluralistic understanding of man. This pluralistic view about man exists in medicine as well. On the one hand conventional medicine, a long time under influence of the reductionism of natural science, has widened its worldview due to methods and questions of different disciplines such as psychosomatics, psychotherapy or social medicine towards a more complex perception of man. On the other hand Traditional European Naturopathy (TEN) too, claims to respect aspects of the "body-mind-soul-unity" in its understanding of man; yet, in connection with its hardly ever explained "natural forces". Besides the findings in literature clinical experience with our patients reveals some aspects that are characteristic of today's pluralistic naturopathic understanding of man and could also be useful for conventional medicine: recognition of patients' expectations (e.g. subjective view of illness), participation in the therapy planning (e.g. construction of how to get healthy) and naturopathic modes of therapy (e.g. start of therapy at healthy parts of the body, too). CONCLUSIONS Despite some characteristics in naturopathy one finds variations of views or images of man, which originate from multiple subjective and socio-cultural perspectives of patients and therapists and which require, next to medical knowledge, on both sides openness and communication regarding aspects of health, illness and therapeutic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institut für Naturheilkunde, Depart. für Innere Medizin, Universitätspital Zürich, Ramistrasse 100, 1091 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbal formula BNO-101 (containing Gentianae radix, Primulae flos, Rumicis herba, Sambuci flos and Verbenae herba; ratio 1:3:3:3:3) has been widely employed as a 'mucoactive' agent in Germany for 70 years for the symptoms of respiratory infections. This paper reviews the clinical evidence of BNO-101 in sinusitis. METHODS The systematic search identified 22 studies with BNO-101. Out of these, 6 controlled trials on sinusitis were reassessed according to predefined criteria. 4 trials had almost identical designs and could be examined by meta-analysis. RESULTS The database comprised approximately 900 patients, mostly young adult males. After 2 weeks of treatment, verum was significantly superior to placebo (2 RCTs, 159 vs. 160 patients, both add-on to antibacterial treatment). The benefit regards the patients' assessment ('cured': verum = 61.1%, placebo = 34.5%), reduction of drain obstruction, headache and radiological signs (all p < 0.05). Comparing BNO-101 to ambroxol (2 RCTs, 151 vs. 150 patients, add-on to antibacterials in 13% of the cases) the patients' assessment after 2 weeks showed no difference, although it favoured BNO-101 in chronic cases ('cured' BNO-101 = 37.1%, ambroxol = 12.5%; p < 0.05). It also favoured BNO-101 concerning pyorrhoea and headache (p < 0.05). No significant differences were reported in 2 open randomised trials vs. N-acetyl-cysteine and vs. the herbal product Myrtol std. CONCLUSIONS BNO-101, combined with standard antibacterial therapy, significantly reduces the acute symptoms and signs of sinusitis. The effects are of the same order of magnitude as observed with other mucoactive agents. In the trials investigated BNO-101 had a favourable risk/benefit ratio, with an incidence of adverse events similar to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Melzer J, Brignoli R, Diehm C, Reichling J, Do DD, Saller R. Treating intermittent claudication with Tibetan medicine Padma 28: does it work? Atherosclerosis 2006; 189:39-46. [PMID: 16600251 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2005] [Revised: 02/16/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Herbal drugs are being increasingly used in medical practice, often without appropriate scrutiny of their safety and efficacy. The medicinal product Padma 28 is a fixed combination with Tibetan origin, used in Europe since the 1960s for the symptomatic treatment of circulatory disorders, including those of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). We have conducted an analysis of all available data on this herbal drug from published literature as well as from original data we obtained from contacting the authors of published papers, reports and the manufacturer. A total of 19 trials have reported on 2084 patients to date, 444 of whom were in six controlled clinical studies on PAOD. A meta-analysis of five trials showed Padma 28 to increase walking distance by >100m in 18.2% of the patients with verum, versus 2.1% with placebo (P<0.001; odds ratio: 10 [95% CI 3.03, 33.33]; RR: 0.12; number needed to treat=6.2). The safety profile appears to be favourable. Available evidence shows that Padma 28 provides significant relief from PAOD-related symptoms (i.e. walking distance), probably of the same order of magnitude as other employed medications. However, larger confirmatory RCTs are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Büechi S, Vögelin R, von Eiff MM, Ramos M, Melzer J. Open trial to assess aspects of safety and efficacy of a combined herbal cough syrup with ivy and thyme. Complement Med Res 2006; 12:328-32. [PMID: 16391481 DOI: 10.1159/000088934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Changes in the symptoms of cough after treatment with a combined herbal preparation containing dry ivy leaf extract as main active ingredient, decoction of thyme and aniseed, and mucilage of marshmallow root (Weleda Hustenelixier, new formulation) and its tolerability were investigated in an open clinical trial ('Anwendungsbeleg'). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January and March 2004, 13 general practitioners recruited and treated 62 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range 16-89). The patients had irritating cough in consequence of common cold (n = 29), bronchitis (n = 20) or respiratory tract diseases with formation of viscous mucus (n = 15). The mean daily intake was 10 ml (range 7.5-15) of syrup, and the mean duration of treatment was 12 days (range 3-23 days). Treatment results were assessed on the basis of changes in the symptom scores for cough and expectoration. Safety was evaluated by means of an analysis of adverse events. In addition, efficacy and tolerability were analyzed from the judgments of the doctors and patients. RESULTS At the final visit, all symptom scores showed an improvement as compared to baseline. Doctors and patients assessed efficacy as good or very good in 86% and 90% of the cases, respectively. Tolerability was assessed as good or very good by 97% of the doctors and patients. Only one adverse event was reported. However, a relation to the medication was classified to be unlikely. CONCLUSION Considering the traditional use of ivy leaves, thyme herb, aniseed and marshmallow root in preparations for cough, the reduction in the symptom score as well as the good tolerability the investigated combined herbal cough syrup seems to alleviate cough in consequence of common cold, bronchitis or respiratory tract diseases with formation of mucus.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The multicompound herbal drug Padma 28 is based on a formula from Tibetan Medicine and has been used in Switzerland for over 30 years in the symptomatic treatment of circulatory disorders including intermittent claudication. OBJECTIVE What is the current evidence regarding the clinical efficacy and safety of this drug in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease(PAOD)? MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases were searched (each from inception to fall 2005) as well as the reference lists of the relevant articles. RESULTS 14 articles were found including 6 published studies, 1 un-published study, 6 double publications and 1 meta-analysis. Six studies analyzed maximum walking distance, 5 of these showed a significant increase. The pooled data of the meta-analysis confirmed a significant and clinically relevant increase of the maximum walking distance by more than 100 m in about 1 out of 5 patients. Serious adverse events were not related to verum, non-serious adverse events were equally frequent as under placebo. CONCLUSIONS The evidence available shows that the multi-target therapy with Padma 28 provides statistically significant and clinically relevant relief from PAOD-related symptoms, i.e. an increased walking distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Melzer
- Institut für Naturheilkunde, Departement Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich, Schweiz.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The German term 'Ordnungstherapie' is one of the five therapeutics which defines naturopathy in German-speaking countries. OBJECTIVE Who formed the term Ordnungstherapie in naturopathy and what does it mean? MATERIAL AND METHODS Heuristics and criticism of literature of the 20th century as well as database research. RESULTS Nowadays in German-language medical books Ordnungstherpie belongs to the five therapeutics which define European naturopathy. Yet, the interpretation ranges from health education to body-orientated forms of psychotherapy. The term Ordnungstherapie is often related with the German priest and hydropath Sebastian Kneipp, however, term and definition have been founded by the Swiss physician Maximillian Bircher-Benner. In 1937 he defined Ordnungstherapie as a complex concept of natural healing. It is based upon the rather nosological idea that health is order/harmony in the human body (physically, psychologically), the environment and the daily course. Illness occurs if disorder appears in one of these fields. The therapeutic setting of Ordnungstherapy is defined by 9 rules of conduct to maintain order, which include nutrition, the skin as an organ (exposure to light, air, water), breathing, movement, rhythm of life, and psyche. For all these aspects Bircher-Benner himself uses the terms somatotherapy (dietotherapy, sun and light therapy, hydrotherapy, exercise therapy, breathing technique, order of the rhythm of live) and psychotherapy. He chose these complementary methods subjectively after learning them from 1897 onwards in an eclectic manner and after gaining therapeutic empiricism. Nevertheless his ideas of the Ordnungstherapie correlate with the socio-political context of the 1940ies. CONCLUSIONS The term Ordnungstherapie was introduced by Bircher-Benner as an umbrella term in 1937 to describe a complex concept of naturopathic therapies. It comprises, with certain limitations for phytotherapy, the therapies which nowadays define European naturopathy. Yet, in European naturopathy today Ordnungstherapie is mostly considered as one out of 5 constituents of naturopathy (dietotherapy, hydrotherapy, exercise therapy, phytotherapy, Ordnungstherapie). The classification of Ordnungstherapie as one of the 5 pillars of the Kneipp therapy was only done by Kneipp physicians in the middle of the 20th century and needs to be thought over.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melzer
- Departement Innere Medizin, Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Universitätsspital Zürich, Schweiz.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a long-standing use of herbal drugs with dyspeptic symptoms, little attention has been paid to their clinical evaluation. AIM To assess efficacy and safety of the herbal drug preparation STW 5 (containing, e.g. Iberis, peppermint, chamomile) in the treatment of functional dyspepsia. METHODS Research in electronic databases, consultation of experts and of the producer identified STW 5 (Iberogast) as descriptor in six randomized-controlled trials. The raw data of three placebo-controlled studies which met the selection criteria, were reanalysed and pooled for meta-analysis; one reference-controlled study supported the safety analysis (STW 5: n = 199, control: n = 198). RESULTS Pooled data showed verum (n = 138) to be more effective than placebo (n = 135) with regard to the severity of the most bothersome gastrointestinal symptom (P-value: 0.001, odds ratio: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11-0.47). A fourth randomized-controlled trial showed no significant difference between STW 5 and cisapride. As to safety, adverse events were similar with verum and placebo; no serious adverse events occurred. DISCUSSIONS From the point of view of efficacy and safety, the herbal medicinal product STW 5 appears to be a valid therapeutic option for patients seeking phytotherapy for their symptoms of functional dyspepsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melzer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Gut E, Melzer J, von Mandach U, Saller R. [Natural remedies during pregnancy and lactation]. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch 2004; 44:233-7. [PMID: 15459521 DOI: 10.1159/000079714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2003] [Accepted: 10/13/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Up to date there is a lack of systematically gathered data on the use of natural remedies (phytotherapeutic, homeopathic, anthroposophic, spagyric, Bach and Schussler remedies) during pregnancy and lactation. The aim of this non-representative pilot study on 139 women, who came for delivery to three institutions between mid-1997 and the beginning of 1998, was to receive data about how often and within which spectrum natural remedies are used during pregnancy and lactation. During pregnancy 96% and within the lactation period 84% of the women consumed at least 1 natural remedy. Phytotherapeutic drugs were used most frequently. In contrast to the widespread use of natural remedies by pregnant women and nursing mothers in this study, little information on the effectiveness and possible risks is available. Therefore it seems necessary to examine and evaluate natural remedies used during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gut
- Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Departement innere Medizin, Universitätsspitals Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract
After a introduction concerning complementary medicine, naturopathy and phytotherapy a general view of soy isoflavones as phytoestrogens will be given. In german speaking countries the term and topic naturopathy has a tradition of 150 years regarding theoretical development and practical use among lay people and health professionals in European culture. In contrary the term complementary medicine has been used for approximately 15 years in englisch speaking countries as a kind of collective name for European and Non-European medical cultures and traditions. Complementay medicine summarizes a huge variety of cultural, medical and qualitywise different medical methods and treatments which can be a contribution to conventional medicine. One of the oldest and intensly researched fields in European and Non-European complementary medicine is the use of herbal drugs (phytotherapy). Soy isoflavones serve as an example to show the differences between phytotherapy based on multicompounds and dietary supplements (neutraceuticals) based on monosubstances. The differing preparations of soy isoflavones are not phytotherapeutic medicine. A review of the experimental and clinical data concerning soy isoflavones as phytoestrogens for the prevention of cancer, menopausal complaints, osteoporosis or cardiovascular diseases indicates that the consumption of food containing phytoestrogens seems to be health protective. Yet, the relevance of supplementation of single phytoestrogens for an additional health effect is not sufficiently proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melzer
- Universitätsspital Zürich, Departement Innere Medizin, Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Zürich, Schweiz.
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Melzer J, Iten F, Reichling J, Saller R. Iberis amara L. and Iberogast--results of a systematic review concerning functional dyspepsia. J Herb Pharmacother 2004; 4:51-9. [PMID: 15927925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review referring to efficacy and tolerability of the herbal combination Iberogast (Iberis amara planta totalis, Chelidonii herba, Cardui mariae fructus, Melissae folium, Carvi fructus, Liquiritiae radix, Angelicae radix, Matricariae flos, Menthae piperitae folium) was performed in patients with functional dyspepsia. Three placebo-controlled trials and a reference-controlled trial showed a statistical significant and therapeutical relevant reduction of the gastrointestinal symptom-scores in 595 patients. The therapeutic efficacy was also found in one observational study (2267 patients). In accordance with the available evidence Iberogast seems to be an effective phytotherapeutic preparation to reduce the symptoms of dyspepsia yet, without central nervous side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melzer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complementary Medicine, University Hospital, Rämistr. 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Saller R, Melzer J, Reichling J. [St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum): a plurivalent raw material for traditional and modern therapies]. Complement Med Res 2003; 10 Suppl 1:33-40. [PMID: 12808360 DOI: 10.1159/000071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
St. John's Wort is one of the oldest and one of the best experimentally and clinically examined herbal remedies. In various medical cultures and medical systems--that is to say the regions of origin of Hypericum perforatum, like Europe, West Asia and North Africa--St. John's Wort has been used as a remedy for centuries. Preparations from St. John's Wort not only represent medical traditions but also ways of thinking, ideas and experiences from naturopathic healers (non-physicians) as well as patients. The complex multicompound with its evolutionary and coevolutionary developed composition and structure acts as a varied raw material for the production of quantitative and qualitative dissimilar remedies, which are multicompounds themselves. They differ not only analytically but also quite often in their effects. The certain and potential spectrum of internal and external uses includes gastrointestinal complaint and illness, skin disease, mucosal lesion, superficial injury, depressive upset and depression, somatoform disorders, restlessness, nervosity, convalescence, exhaustion, sleep disturbance and nursing treatment. The plurivalent character of the multicompound even enables a broad spectrum of activity. This might justify to prefer St. John's Wort to other drugs in a wide range of treatments: In tumor patients with depression the antioxidative effect and the experimentally documented induction of apoptosis could mean an additional advantage, and in depressive patients with coronary heart disease the same applies to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saller
- Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Departement für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Even 100 years after the birth of Alfred Vogel there is a lack of reliable data about his life as a non-doctoral therapist in the fields of naturopathy and phytotherapy. OBJECTIVE Which documents about A. Vogel do exist, which facts do they prove about his career and which interpretations of his point of view of phytotherapy do they allow. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the methods in medical history (heuristic, critic, interpretation) video, audio and written documents from the A. Vogel Museum and A. Vogel publisher in Teufen, the A. Vogel collection in the Museum in Aesch and the Bioforce AG in Roggwil have been examined. RESULTS From 1923 to 1932 A. Vogel runs a grocer's shop or a herb and health-food store in Basel and later Bern, Zürich and Solothurn. The economic success of his health-food stores and his interest in the field of naturopathy enable him to take part in a training to become a 'natural doctor' and in 1933 he is registered by the 'Natural Doctors Association of Switzerland'. From 1935 on he is working as a nutritionalist in his own spa pension in Trogen and produces plant extracts in his 'Laboratory Bioforce'. From 1937 to 1957 he has a spa hotel in Teufen and is producer of extracts from fresh plants. He is able to travel all continents of the world from 1958 on, in order to observe customs and medical habits of different tribes. He writes about his findings in his own magazine and books. His knowledge about the usage of herbs in different cultures inspires his production of herbal extracts in his company. In 1963, to meet the increasing sales of his products, he founds the <<Bioforce AG>> where he, until the early 1990s, takes part in the adjustment of the recipes to the new pharmaceutic-medical standards. CONCLUSION Because of his work as a 'natural doctor' A. Vogel becomes one of Switzerland's best known non-doctoral therapists in the 20th century. The publication of his collected wisdom in a lay-like language is a contribution to the tradition and popularity in this field through which, as well as through the development of extracts from fresh plants, he becomes a promoter of phytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Melzer
- Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Universitätsspital Zürich, Switzerland.
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Saller R, Pfister-Hotz G, Iten F, Melzer J, Reichling J. [Iberogast: a modern phytotherapeutic combined herbal drug for the treatment of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome)--from phytomedicine to "evidence based phytotherapy." A systematic review]. Complement Med Res 2002; 9 Suppl 1:1-20. [PMID: 12618546 DOI: 10.1159/000068645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Iberogast is a complex herbal preparation. As a fixed drug combination (9 constituents) it is composed of a fresh plant extract of Iberis amara and of extracts of 8 other dried herbal drugs ( Chelidonii herba, Cardui mariae fructus, Melissae folium, Carvi fructus, Liquiritiae radix, Angelicae radix, Matricariae flos, Menthae piperitae folium). The pharmacological effects as well as the therapeutic effectiveness, tolerability, and toxicity of Iberogast were experimentally and clinically recorded and documented using modern investigation tools. Both the experimental as well as the clinical studies indicated a regulatory influence of Iberogast on the whole gastrointestinal tract by a special dual action. While the included extracts of the dried herbal drugs have mainly spasmolytic properties, the fresh plant extract of Iberis amara has a tonic effect on the gastrointestinal tract. Depending on the predistension of the gastric or intestinal wall, the tonic or the spasmolytic effects of Iberogast prevail. Both the fresh plant extract of Iberis amara and the combined preparation of Iberogast were found to be toxicologically safe in therapeutically effective doses. For the estimation of the clinical effectiveness a systematic review was performed (data research: January 1970 to September 2002). As shown in controlled (according GCP standard) as well as supportive and uncontrolled clinical studies, the symptoms of functional dyspepsia and of irritable bowel syndrome (one controlled study and one observational study) could be significantly reduced by these herbal preparation in comparison to placebo. Two trials comparing Iberogast with the prokinetics metoclopramide and cisapride demonstrated a comparable therapeutic effectiveness of the herbal preparation and the prokinetics in the treatment of dyspepsia. Adverse events were rare and, with respect to frequency and spectrum, partly the same as found with placebo. Another advantage of Iberogast is that it targets only the gastrointestinal tract and the enteral nervous system, but not the central nervous system. Because of its special dual action, its clinically proven effectiveness, and its good tolerability, Iberogast may be a drug of first choice in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal diseases and their corresponding symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saller
- Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Departement Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich, Switzerland.
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Mathur VS, Kerlan RK, Melzer J, Tomlanovich SJ, Amend W. Acute renal allograft dysfunction secondary to suprarenal arterial stenosis: a case series and review of the literature. Clin Transplant 1998; 12:333-42. [PMID: 9686328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stenosis of vessels proximal to the renal artery is an unusual cause of allograft ischemia. We report four patients who had such 'suprarenal' arterial stenoses leading to graft dysfunction that was reversed with revascularization. We additionally review the existing literature on this entity, outline the etiologies of such stenoses, as well as discuss the surgical and non-surgical therapeutic options in patients with this uncommon cause of allograft dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Mathur
- Renal Transplant Service, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- P Painter
- University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Krams SM, Falco DA, Villanueva JC, Rabkin J, Tomlanovich SJ, Vincenti F, Amend WJ, Melzer J, Garovoy MR, Roberts JP. Cytokine and T cell receptor gene expression at the site of allograft rejection. Transplantation 1992; 53:151-6. [PMID: 1733064 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199201000-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Intragraft cytokine and T cell receptor gene expression was analyzed in rejecting renal allografts by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Message for IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha was detected in nephrectomy tissue with pathological evidence of acute or chronic rejection. Similarly, mRNA for both IL-6 and TNF-alpha was present in renal biopsies from acute rejecting kidneys. IL-2R, IL-4, and IL-5 mRNA was present in both rejecting and rejected kidney allografts, indicating that these cytokines may play a role in ongoing renal allograft rejection. Conversely, IL-2, IL-7, and IFN-gamma message was detected infrequently. In order to address the diversity of T cells in rejecting kidneys, we have analyzed the clonality of the TcR present within the allograft tissue. Rearranged TcR genes were identified in all allografts examined (n = 16) indicating the presence of T cells bearing the alpha/beta TcR. We have determined that there is a heterogeneous infiltration of T cells in the rejected allograft with TcR representing x = 7.47 +/- 2.4 families rearranged in samples obtained from nephrectomies, whereas x = 5.33 +/- 0.58 families were detected in samples obtained from biopsy tissue. These data indicate that (1) cytokines are produced locally which may contribute to graft cell destruction, (2) the heterogeneity of intragraft T cells during kidney allograft rejection may exist because nonspecific lymphocytes have been recruited to the site by locally produced cytokines or because T cells are responding to multiple epitopes or multiple donor antigens. Detection of intragraft cytokines and TcR may prove useful in elucidating the mechanism of rejection and therefore lead to improved immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Krams
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 94143
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Garovoy M, Colombe B, Lou C, Melzer J, Ascher N, Roberts J, Amend W, Vincenn F, Tomlanovich S, Salvatierra O. Prospective flow cytometry crossmatching appears to improve graft survival in high PRA and regraft recipients. Hum Immunol 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90240-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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