Impact of including distillers' dried grains with solubles at expense of soybean meal on Boer-influenced goat growth performance

The objective of this project was to evaluate the efficacy of distillers' dried grains (DDGS) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) in a diet for Boer-influenced goats. Because diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric, it was hypothesized that the replacement of SBM with DDGS would reduce diet costs without affecting growth performance. To test this hypothesis, forty-eight Boer-influenced goats (28.2 ± 0.96 kg BW; approximately 90 d of age) were allocated to four treatments in a completely random design in a climate-controlled (13°C) facility of the Kansas State University Sheep and Meat Goat Center. Goats were stratified by BW into 16 pens (four pens per treatment; three goats per pen) for a 42-d finishing study. The main effect concentration of DDGS (0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% DM basis) which resulted in dietary treatments of the following: 1) 0% SBM replaced by DDGS (0DDGS); 2) 33% SBM replaced by DDGS (10DDGS); 3) 66% SBM replaced by DDGS (20DDGS); and 4) 100% SBM replaced by DDGS (30DDGS). Goats remained on a self-feeder with continuous access to their respective pelleted, complete dietary treatments, and clean, fresh water. Two-day weights were taken at the beginning and end of the trial, with BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F measured and calculated every 7 d. Beginning BW were similar across all treatments (P = 0.99). The inclusion of DDGS had no effect on BW or ADFI from days 0 to 42 (P ≥ 0.15). Both ADG (P = 0.04) and G:F (P = 0.001) increased linearly with increasing DDGS inclusion, with goats fed diets containing DDGS having 33% greater (P = 0.05) ADG than those fed diets without DDGS. Ultimately, these results confirm the hypothesis that DDGS can be used to replace SBM in the diet. At current commodity prices, this leads to a 17% savings in diet cost. This novel research shows similar improved performance measures to lambs and cattle when feeding DDGS.

Intentional delay of aftercoming siblings. A report of two cases

Intentional delay of the birth of the aftercoming sibling or siblings in multiple gestations is uncommon. Our experience with two such cases is reported.

Dipivefrin and epinephrine treatment of elevated intraocular pressure: a comparative study

Every 12 hours 0.1% dipivefrin was administered to one eye and 2% epinephrine hydrochloride was administered to the fellow eye of 42 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension in a randomized, double-masked study lasting three months. Dipivefrin produced similar percent reductions in intraocular pressure (18.6%) to epinephrine (21.0%), as well as similar increases in outflow facility and pupil diameter. A significantly lower incidence of burning and stinging after drug instillation was noted with dipivefrin therapy. This study supported the contention that dipivefrin is an effective and safe alternative to epinephrine therapy for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure.