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HeartMate 3 as Total Artificial Heart for the Treatment of Biventricular Heart Failure as Bridge to Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Animal Model of Cardiac Reperfusion Injury to Evaluate the Effects of Electrical Microcurrent Application: Preliminary Results. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Effect of Artificial Pulse and Pulsatility on Gastrointestinal Bleeding Rates after Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Improvement of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction by a Novel Electrical Microcurrent Therapy in a Sheep Model of Chronic Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Long-Term Support of Patients Receiving a Left Ventricular Assist System for Advanced Heart Failure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1679021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Prognostic Value of the Nutritional Risk Index in Candidates for Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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7
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The Impact of Less Invasive Ventricular Assist Device Implantation on Renal Function. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Expert Interviews: Infrastructural Needs and Expected Benefits of Telemonitoring in VAD Therapy. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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Reduction of Driveline Infections through Doubled Driveline Tunneling of Left Ventricular Assist Devices—Five-Year Follow-up. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation after MitraClip Procedure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Midterm Outcome of the Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair in Mitral Regurgitation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Significantly enhanced lung metastasis and reduced organ NK cell functions in diet-induced obese rats. BMC OBESITY 2017; 4:24. [PMID: 28690853 PMCID: PMC5496225 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-017-0161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity was identified as a major risk factor for malignant diseases, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Natural killer (NK) cells, a pivotal aspect of innate immunity, are capable of identifying and killing virally infected and tumor cells. Previous studies have shown altered NK cell functions in obesity, and the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between altered NK cell functions and increased cancer risk in obesity. METHODS To induce obesity male F344-rats received a high-fat diet (34% fat) or a control diet (4% fat). Thereafter, syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma cells (MADB106) or a vehicle were intravenously (i.v.) injected. 15 min after injection, half of each group of rats were killed, lungs removed and immunohistochemically stained. Numbers of NK cells, MADB106 cells and NK cell-tumor cell interactions were quantified. Twenty-one days after tumor-cell injection the other half group of rats was killed and lung metastases were counted and relative mRNA concentrations of different NK cell receptors were determined. RESULTS After short-term MADB106-challenge, DIO fed animals showed significantly decreased NK cell numbers in the blood and NK cell-tumor cell interactions in the lung as compared to their control littermates. Twenty-one days after MADB106 injection, the lungs of the DIO fed rats showed significantly more lung metastases compared to control animals, accompanied by reduced relative mRNA concentrations of the activating NK cell receptor NKG2D. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that induction of obesity in F344-rats leads to reduced lung NK cell function against tumor cells and results in significantly enhanced lung metastasis as compared to lean animals. It can be hypothesized that obesity-induced altered NK cell functions play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis.
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Usefulness of the INTERMACS Scale to Predict Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Ventricular Assist Device Implant Through Less Invasive Surgery. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Is ICD Implantation Necessary in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy? J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Previous Cardiac Operations Do Not Significantly Influence Outcome After Minimally Invasive HVAD Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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17
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Early Surgical Myocardial Revascularization in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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First Series of Left Ventricular Assist Device Upgrades to HeartMate 3. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Local Pump Thrombus Lysis: First In vitro Results with the VAD Maintenance System. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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First Experience with the HeartAssist5® Left Ventricular Assist Device. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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The Impact of Telemonitoring in Patients with Ventricular Assist Device. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Left Ventricular Assist Device Infection - Does Device Exchange Solve the Problem? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Outcome of the First 100 Patients Treated with Minimally Invasively Implanted HVAD Heartware Left Heart Ventricular Assist Devices. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Real World Experience with HeartMate 3 - One Year Follow-Up. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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The Impact of Thrombus Size and Localization on Acoustic Signals in Ventricular Assist Devices. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Less-Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantations: Experience after More Than 100 Treated Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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27
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Less Invasive LVAD Surgery in Cardiogenic Shock. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Minimally Invasive LVAD Surgery in Septuagenarians. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Less Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation with Outflow-Graft Tunnelling through the Sinus Transversus. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nachweis von disseminierten Tumorzellen beim intraduktalen Mammakarzinom und deren Einfluss auf die zelluläre Immunität. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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31
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LVAD Implantation in a patient with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Minimally invasive left ventreicular assist device implantation with outflowgraft tunneling through the sinus transversus. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Circulatory support exceeding five years with a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device. Identification of positive predicators for a successful long-time VAD therapy. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Minimally invasive implantation of left ventricular assist devices improves the outcome in INTERMACS -1 patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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First clinical results of the novel Heartmate II pocket controller. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lower mortality and improved outcome following minimally invasive LVAD implantation in destination therapy patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Our understanding of the origin of hip pain in degenerative disorders of the hip, including primary osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), is limited. We undertook a histological investigation of the nociceptive innervation of the acetabular labrum, ligamentum teres and capsule of the hip, in order to prove pain- and proprioceptive-associated marker expression. These structures were isolated from 57 patients who had undergone elective hip surgery (44 labral samples, 33 ligamentum teres specimens, 34 capsular samples; in 19 patients all three structures were harvested). A total of 15 000 histological sections were prepared that were investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of protein S-100, 68 kDa neurofilament, neuropeptide Y, nociceptin and substance P. The tissues were evaluated in six representative areas. Within the labrum, pain-associated free nerve ending expression was located predominantly at its base, decreasing in the periphery. In contrast, the distribution within the ligamentum teres showed a high local concentration in the centre. The hip capsule had an almost homogeneous marker expression in all investigated areas. This study showed characteristic distribution profiles of nociceptive and pain-related nerve fibres, which may help in understanding the origin of hip pain. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:770–6.
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Minimally-Invasive Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Devices Improves the Operative Outcome in Adult Patients with Severe Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Pregnancy rates, prenatal and postnatal survival of offspring, and litter sizes after reciprocal embryo transfer in DBA/2JHd, C3H/HeNCrl and NMRI mice. Theriogenology 2012; 77:1883-93. [PMID: 22401828 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Success of embryo transfer is often a limiting factor in transgenic procedures and rederivation efforts, and depends on the genetic background of the donor and recipient strains used. Here we show that embryo transfer to DBA/2J females is possible, and present data on pre- and postnatal success rates after reciprocal embryo transfer using the inbred DBA/2J and C3H/HeN, and outbred NMRI strains. The highest embryo yield was achieved in outbred NMRI females, but embryo yields were similar in DBA/2J and C3H/HeN mice following superovulation despite poor estrus cycle synchronization in DBA/2J females. In-strain transfer of DBA/2J blastocysts (transfer of embryos to recipients from the same strain) resulted in pregnancy rates (57.1%) similar to those obtained following in-strain transfer of C3H/HeN (60.0%) and NMRI mice (83.3%), although the prenatal survival rate of blastocysts was low. Moreover, from the pups born only half survived the postnatal period after transfer of DBA/2J and C3H/HeN blastocysts to DBA/2J recipients. These problems were not observed when transferring NMRI-blastocysts to C3H/HeN and DBA/2J mothers. The number of blastocysts transferred also had a positive effect on the success of embryo transfer. In conclusion, C3H/HeN and DBA/2J females can be used as recipients for embryo transfer procedures for certain donor strains like NMRI, as one major determinant seems to be the genetic background of the embryos transferred. We also recommend to increase the number of DBA/2J blastocysts transferred, and to foster the DBA/2J pups to other DBA/2J mothers postnatally for in-strain transfer of DBA/2J mice.
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L-type calcium channel antagonist nifedipine reduces neurofilament restitution following traumatic optic nerve injury. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2004; 89:75-80. [PMID: 15335104 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0603-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to observe if the use of the L-type calcium channel antagonist nifedipine would offer advantages for the retinal ganglion cells and the restitution of the axonal cytoskeleton after optic nerve crush. METHODS Retinal ganglion cells were retrogradely labeled with a fluorescent calcium marker. With the in vivo confocal neuroimaging (ICON) method we observed the fluorescent cell metabolism marker Oregon Green BAPTA in the same retinal ganglion cells over 3 weeks after optic nerve crush. 2 micromol nifedipine were injected intraocularly 30 minutes following optic nerve crush. FINDINGS Investigation of the optic nerve immunostained for NF-H presented decreased restitution of the neurofilaments in the axonal cytoskeleton after 3 weeks in the optic nerve crush group treated with nifedipine as compared to the optic nerve crush only group. INTERPRETATION These results show that a single injection of the calcium L-type antagonist nifedipine shortly after optic nerve injury has long-lasting negative effects on the recovery of the retinal ganglion cells.
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Neonatal thyroxine treatment: changes in the number of corticotropin-releasing-factor (CRF) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) containing neurons and density of tyrosine hydroxylase positive fibers (TH) in the amygdala correlate with anxiety-related behavior of wistar rats. Neuroscience 2004; 124:283-97. [PMID: 14980379 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hyperthyroidism induces persisting alterations in the adult brain, e.g. in spatial learning and hippocampal morphology. In the present study, the relationship between anxiety-related behavior and amygdala morphology was investigated in the adult rat after transient neonatal hyperthyroidism (daily s.c. injections of 7.5 microg L-thyroxine in 0.5 ml 0.9% NaCl solution from postnatal day p1 to p12). The behavioral tests used to study anxiety-related behavior were the motility test, elevated plus-maze and fear-sensitized acoustic startle response. In the amygdala, the number of neurons containing the anxiogenic peptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF-ir and CRF mRNA) and anxiolytic neuropeptide Y (NPY-ir), the total number of neurons and the density of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-ir) fibers were quantified. Thyroxine-treated pups presented an accelerated development including opening of eyes and snout elongation as typical signs of hyperthyroidism. Thyroxine-treated adult animals displayed a reduced anxiety in the motility box and elevated plus maze, a reduction in the number of CRF-ir neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala, as well as an increase in the number of NPY-ir neurons and density of TH-ir fibers in nuclei of the basolateral complex of the amygdala. Moreover, there was a reduction in the total number of neurons in all nuclei of the basolateral complex (despite the higher number of NPY-ir neurons), but not central nucleus of the amygdala. The number of CRF-ir neurons in the central nucleus correlated positively with anxiety-related behavior, and the number of NPY-ir neurons and the density of TH-ir fibers in the basolateral complex correlated inversely with anxiety-related behavior. The findings suggested a shift toward an anxiolytic rather than anxiogenic distribution of peptidergic neurons and fibers in the amygdala at adult age following transient neonatal hyperthyroidism.
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Abstract
About 15% of retinal ganglion cells survive diffuse axonal injury of the optic nerve in adult rats. Following initial blindness, discrimination of visual stimuli in behavioral tests recovers within three weeks. To investigate the mechanisms promoting this functional recovery the axonal transport and the neurofilaments were studied. Intraocularly applied MiniRuby is transported until the place of crush and accumulated in enlarged axon terminals. Three weeks after lesion the anterograde transport of MiniRuby recovers distal to the place of crush. At the same point in time the retrograde transport of surviving retinal ganglion cells is restored which was visualized by horseradish peroxidase injected into the superior colliculus. The heavy neurofilament was stained immunohistochemically and analyzed statistically up to three weeks after optic nerve crush. The stained filaments in the axon fibers of retinal ganglion cells appear wavelike and/or fragmented up to day 8, but first signs of heavy neurofilament restitution in the fibers of the optic nerve are seen at day 12 after axonal injury. Because these results cannot be explained by longlasting axon regeneration, the present results provide convincing evidence for intrinsic axon repair soon after diffuse axonal injury that correlates in time with recovery of vision.
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Apoptosis in cultured rat islets of langerhans and occurrence of Bcl-2, Bak, Bax, Fas and Fas ligand. Cells Tissues Organs 2001; 169:113-24. [PMID: 11399851 DOI: 10.1159/000047869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated Langerhans islets are widely used for diabetic transplantation experiments and investigations of the mechanisms leading to the death or survival of insulin-producing cells in cultured islets. The present study was aimed at investigating programmed cell death and the role of apoptosis-associated peptides in insulin and glucagon cells of islets isolated from untreated rats and held in cultured suspension. Islets were removed from medium on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 29, embedded in Epon, and semi-thin serial sections were prepared. At designated intervals, histologic sections were treated with the direct fluorescein-labelled TUNEL method and immunostained for pancreatic hormones (glucagon, insulin) and apoptotic peptides [Bak, Bax, Fas, Fas ligand (FasL)], as well as for the anti-apoptotic peptide Bcl-2. All tissue sections were investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy under identical setting for semiquantitative estimation of staining intensity. The percentage of apoptotic cells was between 1.6 and 2.1% and most apoptotic cells were beta-cells. Corresponding cells often contained Bak and Bax. Fas and FasL were mostly detected in islet cells within the first week after preparing the cultured suspension. The insulin content was low (1.1 +/- 0.22 ng per islet) directly after isolation. It then increased progressively up to day 14, after which it began to decrease. Glucagon expression, on the other hand, remained high for the entire duration of the investigation. In conclusion, the islet beta-cells may recover after the isolation procedure, but after 4 weeks in culture, both the insulin content and Bcl-2 staining decrease. Moreover, apoptosis is mediated by different mechanisms after the isolation procedure and after culturing the islets for 1 month. The present data may be important for further studies on isolated, cultivated or transplanted islets.
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Abstract
A novel antiseptic biguanide has been shown to be more bactericidal and tissue compatible in vitro than other antiseptics. In our controlled, prospective and randomized double-blind study on patients with bacteria-contaminated wound types 2-4, one group (n = 45) was treated with humid cotton swab dressings of 0.2% Lavasept solution compared with Ringer solution (n = 35). No deterioration of wound healing was observed in either group. Lavasept treatment resulted in faster and significant reduction of gram-positive germs. The tissue compatibility of Lavasept was evaluated as significantly better than Ringer solution.
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Apoptosis and occurrence of Bcl-2, Bak, Bax, Fas and FasL in the developing and adult rat endocrine pancreas. ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2000; 202:303-12. [PMID: 11000281 DOI: 10.1007/s004290000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death is thought to play a crucial role in the manifestation of insulin- and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Therefore, apoptosis and apoptotic markers were studied in the rat endocrine pancreas to get insight into the possible life cycle of Langerhans islets. The islets were investigated at 13 time points between day E19 and 18 months. At each time point, histologic sections were treated with the direct fluorescein-labelled TUNEL method and immunostained for pancreatic hormones (glucagon, insulin), apoptotic promoters (Bak, Bax, Fas, Fas Ligand) as well as for the anti-apoptotic peptide Bcl-2. All tissue sections were investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy under identical settings for semiquantitative estimation of staining intensity. TUNEL-positive cells occurred in all pre- or postnatal stages. The findings indicated a biphasic apoptotic activity in the endocrine pancreas during the lifetime of rats. The first phase began at E19 and peaked at P5 accompanied by a considerable increase in Bak fluorescence staining intensity, while the second phase began at P30 and peaked at 18 months with increasing amounts of Fas and FasL staining intensities in the islet cells. The presented in situ data may be important for understanding the increased age-related vulnerability of islet cells and for studies of isolated and cultivated rat islets.
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Individual variation in protein-coding sequences of human genome. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY 2000; 54:409-37. [PMID: 10829234 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3233(00)54012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Abstract
Expressed sequence tag (EST) databases represent a large volume of information on expressed genes including tissue type, expression profile and exon structure. In this study we create an extensive data set of human alternative splicing. We report the analysis of 7867 non-redundant mRNAs, 3011 of which contained alternative splice forms (38% of all mRNAs analysed). From a total of 12572 ESTs 4560 different possible alternative splice forms were detected. Interestingly, 70% of the alternative splice forms correspond to exon deletion events with only 30% exonic insertions. We experimentally verified 19 different splice forms from 16 genes in a total subset of 20 studied; all of the respective genes are of medical relevance.
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The absorption of benzene through human skin. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2000; 6:104-11. [PMID: 10828138 DOI: 10.1179/oeh.2000.6.2.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Genomics and new technologies as catalysts for change in the drug discovery paradigm. THE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS : A JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS 2000; 28:15-22. [PMID: 11244839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry is faced with unprecedented opportunities emerging from genomic sequencing. In parallel, many new technologies in the areas of informatics, molecular biology, combinatorial chemistry, and high throughput screening offer new strategies to deal with this mass of information and translate it into tangible treatments for human diseases. Increasing pressures to control prices counterbalances these opportunities. This paradox will require a rethinking of how the industry approaches drug discovery and development, and new paradigms will need to be explored to ensure these opportunities can realized for human health care in a timely and cost-effective manner.
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