1
|
Kwan KR, Skokan S, Blesh-Boren T, Vogel J, Harter N, Ford JB. Chemotherapeutic metabolism presenting as a recalcitrant case of hand-foot syndrome and mucositis. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:584-588. [PMID: 38204187 DOI: 10.1177/10781552241226595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate (MTX) are commonly used for maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These medications have been associated with various side effects such as myelosuppression, colitis, and thyroiditis in addition to numerous cutaneous adverse events. Cutaneous side-effects most reported include mucositis, alopecia, xerosis, and pruritus. We report an interesting case of hand-foot syndrome to 6MP in a child on maintenance therapy for B-cell ALL from an alteration in medication metabolism. CASE We report a 10-year-old male on maintenance chemotherapy for pre-Bcell ALL who presented to the hospital with worsening oral lesions and erythematous, fissured plaques on the palms and soles. Maintenance therapy consisted of IV vincristine and 5-day pulse of steroids every 12 weeks, daily 6MP, and weekly MTX, which were increased to ≥ 150% of standard dosing due to persistent absolute neutrophil counts > 1500. Metabolites obtained on admission demonstrated elevated 6MMP metabolites at 35,761 (normal < 5700). TPMT and NUDT15 enzyme activity were normal and no alterations in genotyping were discovered. OUTCOME Patient's oral chemotherapy, including both 6MP and MTX, were stopped and allopurinol 100 mg daily was initiated, which lead to overall improvement. DISCUSSION Clinical findings of acute mucositis and worsening of hand-foot syndrome, in the setting of inadequate myelosuppression in a child on maintenance therapy for ALL should raise concerns to consider altered metabolism pathway leading to toxic metabolite buildup. Allopurinol can play in improving cutaneous manifestation and chemotherapeutic dosing in patients with altered metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Kwan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shayna Skokan
- Creighton University School of Pharmacy, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Harter
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Children's Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Haney SL, Feng D, Kollala SS, Chhonker YS, Varney ML, Williams JT, Ford JB, Murry DJ, Holstein SA. Investigation of the activity of a novel tropolone in osteosarcoma. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22129. [PMID: 37961833 PMCID: PMC10922124 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor characterized by frequent metastasis, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of mortality. Treatment options for OS have remained largely unchanged for decades, consisting primarily of cytotoxic chemotherapy and surgery, thus necessitating the urgent need for novel therapies. Tropolones are naturally occurring seven-membered non-benzenoid aromatic compounds that possess antiproliferative effects in a wide array of cancer cell types. MO-OH-Nap is an α-substituted tropolone that has activity as an iron chelator. Here, we demonstrate that MO-OH-Nap activates all three arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and induces apoptosis in a panel of human OS cell lines. Co-incubation with ferric chloride or ammonium ferrous sulfate completely prevents the induction of apoptotic and UPR markers in MO-OH-Nap-treated OS cells. MO-OH-Nap upregulates transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) protein levels, as well as TFR1, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), iron-regulatory proteins (IRP1, IRP2), ferroportin (FPN), and zinc transporter 14 (ZIP14) transcript levels, demonstrating the impact of MO-OH-Nap on iron-homeostasis pathways in OS cells. Furthermore, MO-OH-Nap treatment restricts the migration and invasion of OS cells in vitro. Lastly, metabolomic profiling of MO-OH-Nap-treated OS cells revealed distinct changes in purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Collectively, we demonstrate that MO-OH-Nap-induced cytotoxic effects in OS cells are dependent on the tropolone's ability to alter cellular iron availability and that this agent exploits key metabolic pathways. These studies support further evaluation of MO-OH-Nap as a novel treatment for OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Staci L. Haney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Sai Sundeep Kollala
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Yashpal S. Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Michelle L. Varney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jacob T. Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - James B. Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Daryl J. Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Sarah A. Holstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Si Lim SJ, Ford JB, Hermiston ML. How I treat newly diagnosed and refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma in children and young adults. Blood 2023; 141:3019-3030. [PMID: 37018730 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LLy) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have historically been considered a spectrum of the same disease. However, recent evidence demonstrating differential responses to chemotherapy raise the possibility that T-LLy and T-ALL are distinct clinical and biologic entities. Here, we examine differences between the 2 diseases and use illustrative cases to highlight key recommendations on how to best treat patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory T-LLy. We discuss results of recent clinical trials incorporating use of nelarabine and bortezomib, choice of induction steroid, role of cranial radiotherapy, and risk stratification markers to identify patients at highest risk of relapse and to further refine current treatment strategies. Because prognosis for relapsed or refractory T-LLy patients is poor, we discuss ongoing investigations incorporating novel therapies, including immunotherapeutics, into upfront and salvage regimens and the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - James B Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Michelle L Hermiston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou DJ, Darwish M, Ford JB, Patel S, Koh S, Rathore GS, Zabad RK. Pediatric CLIPPERS? Think again! J Neurol Sci 2023; 451:120698. [PMID: 37348249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Zhou
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| | - Mohamed Darwish
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States of America.
| | - James B Ford
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| | - Sachit Patel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| | - Sookyong Koh
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| | - Geetanjali S Rathore
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| | - Rana K Zabad
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Afify ZAM, Taj MM, Orjuela-Grimm M, Srivatsa K, Miller TP, Edington HJ, Dalal M, Robles J, Ford JB, Ehrhardt MJ, Ureda TJ, Rubinstein JD, McCormack S, Rivers JM, Chisholm KM, Kavanaugh MK, Bukowinski AJ, Friehling ED, Ford MC, Reddy SN, Marks LJ, Smith CM, Mason CC. Multicenter study of pediatric Epstein-Barr virus-negative monomorphic post solid organ transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. Cancer 2023; 129:780-789. [PMID: 36571557 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric Epstein-Barr virus-negative monomorphic post solid organ transplant lymphoproliferative disorder [EBV(-)M-PTLD] comprises approximately 10% of M-PTLD. No large multi-institutional pediatric-specific reports on treatment and outcome are available. METHODS A multi-institutional retrospective review of solid organ recipients diagnosed with EBV(-)M-PTLD aged ≤21 years between 2001 and 2020 in 12 centers in the United States and United Kingdom was performed, including demographics, staging, treatment, and outcomes data. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were identified with EBV(-)M-PTLD. Twenty-three (63.9%) were male. Median age (range) at transplantation, diagnosis of EBV(-)M-PTLD, and interval from transplant to PTLD were 2.2 years (0.1-17), 14 years (3.0-20), and 8.5 years (0.6-18.3), respectively. Kidney (n = 17 [47.2%]) and heart (n = 13 [36.1%]) were the most commonly transplanted organs. Most were Murphy stage III (n = 25 [69.4%]). Lactate dehydrogenase was elevated in 22/34 (64.7%) and ≥2 times upper limit of normal in 11/34 (32.4%). Pathological diagnoses included diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 31 [86.1%]) and B-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 5 [13.9%]). Of nine different regimens used, the most common were: pediatric mature B-NHL-specific regimen (n = 13 [36.1%]) and low-dose cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and rituximab (n = 9 [25%]). Median follow-up from diagnosis was 3.0 years (0.3-11.0 years). Three-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 64.8% and 79.9%, respectively. Of the seven deaths, six were from progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS EFS and OS were comparable to pediatric EBV(+) PTLD, but inferior to mature B-NHL in immunocompetent pediatric patients. The wide range of therapeutic regimens used directs our work toward developing an active multi-institutional registry to design prospective studies. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Pediatric Epstein-Barr virus-negative monomorphic post solid organ transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV(-)M-PTLD) have comparable outcomes to EBV(+) PTLD, but are inferior to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in immunocompetent pediatric patients. The variety of treatment regimens used highlights the need to develop a pediatric PTLD registry to prospectively evaluate outcomes. The impact of treatment regimen on relapse risk could not be assessed because of small numbers. In the intensive pediatric B-non-Hodgkin lymphoma chemoimmunotherapy group, 11 of 13 patients remain alive in complete remission after 0.6 to 11 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab A M Afify
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mary M Taj
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tamara P Miller
- Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Holly J Edington
- Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Novant Health Presbyterian Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mansi Dalal
- University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Joanna Robles
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - James B Ford
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Tonya J Ureda
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeremy D Rubinstein
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sarah McCormack
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Madison K Kavanaugh
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J Bukowinski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erika D Friehling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maegan C Ford
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sonika N Reddy
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lianna J Marks
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Clinton C Mason
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Haney SL, Feng D, Chhonker YS, Varney ML, Williams JT, Smith LM, Ford JB, Murry DJ, Holstein SA. Evaluation of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibition as a novel strategy for the treatment of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:62-74. [PMID: 36433690 PMCID: PMC9931648 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rab GTPases are critical regulators of protein trafficking in the cell. To ensure proper cellular localization and function, Rab proteins must undergo a posttranslational modification, termed geranylgeranylation. In the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, the enzyme geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGDPS) generates the 20-carbon isoprenoid donor (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate [GGPP]), which is utilized in the prenylation of Rab proteins. We have pursued the development of GGDPS inhibitors (GGSI) as a novel means to target Rab activity in cancer cells. Osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES) are aggressive childhood bone cancers with stagnant survival statistics and limited treatment options. Here we show that GGSI treatment induces markers of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and triggers apoptotic cell death in a variety of OS and ES cell lines. Confirmation that these effects were secondary to cellular depletion of GGPP and disruption of Rab geranylgeranylation was confirmed via experiments using exogenous GGPP or specific geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitors. Furthermore, GGSI treatment disrupts cellular migration and invasion in vitro. Metabolomic profiles of OS and ES cell lines identify distinct changes in purine metabolism in GGSI-treated cells. Lastly, we demonstrate that GGSI treatment slows tumor growth in a mouse model of ES. Collectively, these studies support further development of GGSIs as a novel treatment for OS and ES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Staci L. Haney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Yashpal S. Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Michelle L. Varney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jacob T. Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Lynette M. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - James B. Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Daryl J. Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Sarah A. Holstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Afify Z, Orjuela-Grimm M, Smith CM, Dalal M, Ford JB, Pillai P, Robles JM, Reddy S, McCormack S, Ehrhardt MJ, Ureda T, Alperstein W, Edington H, Miller TP, Rubinstein JD, Kavanaugh M, Bukowinski AJ, Friehling E, Rivers JM, Chisholm KM, Marks LJ, Mason CC. Burkitt lymphoma after solid-organ transplant: Treatment and outcomes in the paediatric PTLD collaborative. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:297-305. [PMID: 36454546 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma arising in paediatric post-solid-organ transplantation-Burkitt lymphoma (PSOT-BL) is a clinically aggressive malignancy and a rare form of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). We evaluated 35 patients diagnosed with PSOT-BL at 14 paediatric medical centres in the United States. Median age at organ transplantation was 2.0 years (range: 0.1-14) and age at PSOT-BL diagnosis was 8.0 years (range: 1-17). All but one patient had late onset of PSOT-BL (≥2 years post-transplant), with a median interval from transplant to PSOT-BL diagnosis of 4.0 years (range: 0.4-12). Heart (n = 18 [51.4%]) and liver (n = 13 [37.1%]) were the most frequently transplanted organs. No patients had loss of graft or treatment-related mortality. A variety of treatment regimens were used, led by intensive Burkitt lymphoma-specific French-American-British/Lymphomes Malins B (FAB/LMB), n = 13 (37.1%), and a low-intensity regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, prednisone and rituximab (CPR) n = 12 (34.3%). Median follow-up was 6.7 years (range: 0.5-17). Three-year event-free and overall survival were 66.2% and 88.0%, respectively. Outcomes of PSOT-BL patients receiving BL-specific intensive regimens are comparable to reported BL outcomes in immunocompetent children. Multi-institutional collaboration is feasible and provides the basis of prospective data collection to determine the optimal treatment regimen for PSOT-BL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Afify
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Primary Children's Med. Ctr, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Manuela Orjuela-Grimm
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York City, USA
| | | | - Mansi Dalal
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - James B Ford
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Pallavi Pillai
- Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, New York City, USA
| | - Joanna M Robles
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sonika Reddy
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York City, USA
| | - Sarah McCormack
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew J Ehrhardt
- Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tonya Ureda
- Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Warren Alperstein
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Holly Edington
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tamara P Miller
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jeremy D Rubinstein
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Madison Kavanaugh
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J Bukowinski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erika Friehling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie M Rivers
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karen M Chisholm
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lianna J Marks
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Clinton C Mason
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Swanson GM, Nassan FL, Ford JB, Hauser R, Pilsner JR, Krawetz SA. Phthalates impact on the epigenetic factors contributed specifically by the father at fertilization. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 36694265 PMCID: PMC9872317 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preconception exposure to phthalates such as the anti-androgenic dibutyl-phthalate (DBP) impacts both male and female reproduction, yet how this occurs largely remains unknown. Previously we defined a series of RNAs expressly provided by sperm at fertilization and separately, and in parallel, those that responded to high DBP exposure. Utilizing both populations of RNAs, we now begin to unravel the impact of high-DBP exposure on those RNAs specifically delivered by the father. RESULTS Enrichment of RNAs altered by DBP exposure within the Molecular Signature Database highlighted cellular stress, cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and gene regulation pathways. Overlap within each of these five pathways identified those RNAs that were specifically (≥ fivefold enriched) or primarily (≥ twofold enriched) provided as part of the paternal contribution compared to the oocyte at fertilization. Key RNAs consistently altered by DBP, including CAMTA2 and PSME4, were delivered by sperm reflective of these pathways. The majority (64/103) of overlapping enriched gene sets were related to gene regulation. Many of these RNAs (45 RNAs) corresponded to key interconnected CRREWs (Chromatin remodeler cofactors, RNA interactors, Readers, Erasers, and Writers). Modeling suggests that CUL2, PHF10, and SMARCC1 may coordinate and mechanistically modulate the phthalate response. CONCLUSIONS Mediated through a CRREW regulatory network, the cell responded to exposure presenting stressed-induced changes in the cell cycle-DNA damage-apoptosis. Interestingly, the majority of these DBP-responsive epigenetic mediators' direct acetylation or deacetylation, impacting the sperm's cargo delivered at fertilization and that of the embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G M Swanson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - F L Nassan
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J B Ford
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Hauser
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J R Pilsner
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - S A Krawetz
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Center for Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barth M, Xavier AC, Armenian S, Audino AN, Blazin L, Bloom D, Chung J, Davies K, Ding H, Ford JB, Galardy PJ, Hanna R, Hayashi R, Lee-Miller C, Machnitz AJ, Maloney KW, Marks L, Martin PL, McCall D, Pacheco M, Reilly AF, Roshal M, Song S, Weinstein J, Zarnegar-Lumley S, McMillian N, Schonfeld R, Sundar H. Pediatric Aggressive Mature B-Cell Lymphomas, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022; 20:1267-1275. [PMID: 36351334 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Pediatric Aggressive Mature B-Cell Lymphomas include recommendations for the diagnosis and management of pediatric patients with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and sporadic variants of Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. PMBL is now considered as a distinct entity arising from mature thymic B-cells accounting for 2% of mature B-cell lymphomas in children and adolescents. This discussion section includes the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric patients with PMBL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana C Xavier
- 2Children's of Alabama/O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB
| | | | - Anthony N Audino
- 4The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | - Lindsay Blazin
- 5Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Kimberly Davies
- 8Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center
| | - Hilda Ding
- 9UCSD Rady Children's Hospital/UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Rabi Hanna
- 12Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Robert Hayashi
- 13Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Kelly W Maloney
- 16Children's Hospital of Colorado/University of Colorado Cancer Center
| | | | | | - David McCall
- 19The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | - Anne F Reilly
- 21Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Joanna Weinstein
- 24Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Davies K, Barth M, Armenian S, Audino AN, Barnette P, Cuglievan B, Ding H, Ford JB, Galardy PJ, Gardner R, Hanna R, Hayashi R, Kovach AE, Machnitz AJ, Maloney KW, Marks L, Page K, Reilly AF, Weinstein JL, Xavier AC, McMillian NR, Freedman-Cass DA. Pediatric Aggressive Mature B-Cell Lymphomas, Version 2.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2020; 18:1105-1123. [PMID: 32755986 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric aggressive mature B-cell lymphomas are the most common types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children, and they include Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). These diseases are highly aggressive but curable, the treatment is complex, and patients may have many complicated supportive care issues. The NCCN Guidelines for Pediatric Aggressive Mature B-Cell Lymphomas provide guidance regarding pathology and diagnosis, staging, initial treatment, disease reassessment, surveillance, therapy for relapsed/refractory disease, and supportive care for clinicians who treat sporadic pediatric BL and DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Davies
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center
| | | | | | - Anthony N Audino
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | - Hilda Ding
- UCSD Rady Children's Hospital/UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Rebecca Gardner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | - Rabi Hanna
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Robert Hayashi
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Kelly W Maloney
- Children's Hospital of Colorado/University of Colorado Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Anne F Reilly
- Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ana C Xavier
- Children's of Alabama/O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB; and
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
McInerney C, Ibiebele I, Torvaldsen S, Ford JB, Morris JM, Nelson M, Randall D. Defining a study population using enhanced reporting of Aboriginality and the effects on study outcomes. Int J Popul Data Sci 2020; 5:1114. [PMID: 32935046 PMCID: PMC7473280 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v5i1.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The under-reporting of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people on routinely collected health datasets has important implications for understanding the health of this population. By pooling available information on individuals' Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status from probabilistically linked datasets, methods have been developed to adjust for this under-reporting. Objectives To explore different algorithms that enhance reporting of Aboriginal status in birth data to define a cohort of Aboriginal women, examine any differences between women recorded as Aboriginal and those assigned enhanced Aboriginal status, and assess the effects of using different reported populations to estimate within-group comparisons for Aboriginal people. Methods Three algorithms, with different levels of inclusiveness, were used to establish different study populations all of which aimed to include all singleton babies born to Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander women residing in New South Wales, Australia between 2010 and 2014 and their mothers. The demographics of the four study populations were described and compared using frequencies and percentages. In order to assess the impact on research outcomes and conclusions of using study populations derived from different algorithms, estimates of the associations between smoking during pregnancy and selected perinatal outcomes were compared using rates and relative risks. Results Women included in the study population through enhanced reporting were older, less disadvantaged and more commonly resided in urban areas than those recorded as Aboriginal in the birth data. Although rates of smoking and some perinatal outcomes differed between the different study populations, the relative risks of each outcome comparing smoking and non-smoking Aboriginal mothers were very similar when estimated from each of the study populations. Conclusions This work provides evidence that estimates of within-group relative risks are reliable regardless of the assumptions made for establishing the study population through the enhanced reporting of indigenous peoples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C McInerney
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,NSW Biostatistics Training Program, NSW Ministry of Health, Australia
| | - I Ibiebele
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Sydney Local Health District, Kolling Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Torvaldsen
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Sydney Local Health District, Kolling Institute, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | - J B Ford
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Sydney Local Health District, Kolling Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J M Morris
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Sydney Local Health District, Kolling Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Nelson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, Australia
| | - D Randall
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Sydney Local Health District, Kolling Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ibiebele I, Gallimore F, Schnitzler M, Torvaldsen S, Ford JB. Perinatal outcomes following bariatric surgery between a first and second pregnancy: a population data linkage study. BJOG 2019; 127:345-354. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Ibiebele
- Women and Babies Research The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St Leonards New South Wales Australia
- Northern Sydney Local Health District Kolling Institute St Leonards New South Wales Australia
| | - F Gallimore
- Women and Babies Research The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St Leonards New South Wales Australia
- North Shore Private Hospital St Leonards New South Wales Australia
| | - M Schnitzler
- Women and Babies Research The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St Leonards New South Wales Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Royal North Shore Hospital St Leonards New South Wales Australia
| | - S Torvaldsen
- Women and Babies Research The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St Leonards New South Wales Australia
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine University of New South Wales Kensington New South Wales Australia
| | - JB Ford
- Women and Babies Research The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St Leonards New South Wales Australia
- Northern Sydney Local Health District Kolling Institute St Leonards New South Wales Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wolf A, Rohr JM, Amador C, Starr LJ, Hoyer JD, Ford JB. Hb Gibbon [β124(H2)Pro→Thr ( HBB: c.373C>A, p.P125T)], an Asymptomatic Novel Hemoglobin Variant Detected by Newborn Screening. Hemoglobin 2019; 43:207-209. [PMID: 31387435 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2019.1634591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a previously unreported hemoglobin (Hb) variant, Hb Gibbon [β124(H2)Pro→Thr (HBB: c.373C>A, p.P125T)] detected by newborn Hb screening in a term male with no family history for hemoglobinopathy or other screening abnormalities. This missense mutation produces a β-globin chain variant that was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, but is silent by capillary electrophoresis (CE). DNA sequencing studies revealed that his father was also a heterozygote for this mutation. Neither has abnormalities on complete blood count (CBC) or any symptomatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Wolf
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Joseph M Rohr
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Catalina Amador
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Lois J Starr
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - James D Hoyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - James B Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chicas SD, Omine K, Ford JB, Sugimura K, Yoshida K. Using spatial metrics and surveys for the assessment of trans-boundary deforestation in protected areas of the Maya Mountain Massif: Belize-Guatemala border. J Environ Manage 2017; 187:320-329. [PMID: 27915182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the trans-boundary deforestation history and patterns in protected areas along the Belize-Guatemala border is of regional and global importance. To assess deforestation history and patterns in our study area along a section of the Belize-Guatemala border, we incorporated multi-temporal deforestation rate analysis and spatial metrics with survey results. This multi-faceted approach provides spatial analysis with relevant insights from local stakeholders to better understand historic deforestation dynamics, spatial characteristics and human perspectives regarding the underlying causes thereof. During the study period 1991-2014, forest cover declined in Belize's protected areas: Vaca Forest Reserve 97.88%-87.62%, Chiquibul National Park 99.36%-92.12%, Caracol Archeological Reserve 99.47%-78.10% and Colombia River Forest Reserve 89.22%-78.38% respectively. A comparison of deforestation rates and spatial metrics indices indicated that between time periods 1991-1995 and 2012-2014 deforestation and fragmentation increased in protected areas. The major underlying causes, drivers, impacts, and barriers to bi-national collaboration and solutions of deforestation along the Belize-Guatemala border were identified by community leaders and stakeholders. The Mann-Whitney U test identified significant differences between leaders and stakeholders regarding the ranking of challenges faced by management organizations in the Maya Mountain Massif, except for the lack of assessment and quantification of deforestation (LD, SH: 18.67, 23.25, U = 148, p > 0.05). The survey results indicated that failure to integrate buffer communities, coordinate among managing organizations and establish strong bi-national collaboration has resulted in continued ecological and environmental degradation. The information provided by this research should aid managing organizations in their continued aim to implement effective deforestation mitigation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S D Chicas
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan; Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Belize, Belmopan, Cayo District, Belize.
| | - K Omine
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - J B Ford
- Wildlife Institute, Mike 67 Western Hwy, San Ignacio, Cayo District, Belize
| | - K Sugimura
- Faculty of Environmental Science, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Faculty of Environmental Science, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Miller DFB, Yan P, Fang F, Buechlein A, Kroll K, Frankhouser D, Stump C, Stump P, Ford JB, Tang H, Michaels S, Matei D, Huang TH, Chien J, Liu Y, Rusch DB, Nephew KP. Complete Transcriptome RNA-Seq. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1513:141-162. [PMID: 27807835 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6539-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RNA-Seq is the leading technology for analyzing gene expression on a global scale across a broad spectrum of sample types. However, due to chemical modifications by fixation or degradation due to collection methods, samples often contain an abundance of RNA that is no longer intact, and the capability of current RNA-Seq protocols to accurately quantify such samples is often limited. We have developed an RNA-Seq protocol to address these key issues as well as quantify gene expression from the whole transcriptome. Furthermore, for compatibility with improved sequencing platforms, we use restructured adapter sequences to generate libraries for Illumina HiSeq, MiSeq, and NextSeq platforms. Our protocol utilizes duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) to remove abundant ribosomal RNA sequences while retaining other types of RNA for superior transcriptome profiling from low quantity input. We employ the Illumina sequencing platform, but this method is described in sufficient detail to adapt to other platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David F B Miller
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 East 3rd Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| | - Pearlly Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, OSUCCC-Illumina Core, 460 West 12th Street, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Fang Fang
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 East 3rd Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Aaron Buechlein
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Karl Kroll
- Department of Internal Medicine, OSUCCC-Illumina Core, 460 West 12th Street, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David Frankhouser
- Department of Internal Medicine, OSUCCC-Illumina Core, 460 West 12th Street, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Cameron Stump
- Department of Internal Medicine, OSUCCC-Illumina Core, 460 West 12th Street, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Paige Stump
- Department of Internal Medicine, OSUCCC-Illumina Core, 460 West 12th Street, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - James B Ford
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Haixu Tang
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Scott Michaels
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Tim H Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jeremy Chien
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computation Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Douglas B Rusch
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Kenneth P Nephew
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 East 3rd Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Roberts CL, Algert CS, Ford JB, Nippita TA, Morris JM. Association between interpregnancy interval and the risk of recurrent loss after a midtrimester loss. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:2834-2840. [PMID: 27742726 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION After an initial midtrimester loss, is the interval to the next conception associated with the risk of a recurrent loss? SUMMARY ANSWER Among women who had a pregnancy loss at 14-19 weeks gestation, conception at least 3 months after this initial loss was associated with a reduced risk of a recurrent loss. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY A short interpregnancy interval (IPI) has been thought to increase risk but recent studies of pregnancy after a loss have found no effect; however, these studies have been based almost entirely on an initial first trimester (<14 weeks) loss. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective cohort study drawing on over 997 000 linked birth and hospital records from New South Wales, Australia for 2003-2011. Index pregnancies were those of women who had a first recorded pregnancy loss of 14-23 weeks gestation (miscarriage, termination and perinatal death). The study population was 4290 women who conceived again within 2 years. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The index loss was categorized by subgroups: 14-19 weeks gestation versus 20-23 weeks, and by whether spontaneous or a termination. The primary outcome was any loss or perinatal death before 24 weeks in the subsequent pregnancy. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE After a 14-19 weeks index loss, an IPI of ≤3 months had an increased rate of recurrent loss compared with an IPI of >9-12 months: 21.9% versus 11.3% (adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 2.02, 95% CI 1.44-2.83). For women who had a spontaneous index loss of 20-23 weeks, there was no evidence that a short IPI increased or decreased the risk of recurrent loss. For any gestational age group of index losses, an IPI of >18-24 months increased the risk of a recurrent loss; the risk was highest after a 20-23 weeks index loss (aRR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.18-3.91). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION We do not know how many cycles were required to achieve conception. Pregnancies resulting in early first trimester losses are unlikely to have resulted in hospitalization so would not have been identified. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The risk of recurrent loss after an initial midtrimester loss may differ from the risk after an initial first trimester loss. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence Grant (1001066). C.L.R. is supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (#APP1021025). J.B.F. is supported by an ARC Future Fellowship (#120100069). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Roberts
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia .,Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Building B52 RNSH, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - C S Algert
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.,Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Building B52 RNSH, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - J B Ford
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.,Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Building B52 RNSH, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - T A Nippita
- Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Building B52 RNSH, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Building 52, St Leonards, NSW 2065 , Australia
| | - J M Morris
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Building 52, St Leonards, NSW 2065 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chenoweth JA, Gerona RR, Ford JB, Sutter ME, Rose JS, Albertson TE, Clarke SO, Owen KP. Altered mental status and end organ damage associated with the use of gacyclidine: a case series. J Med Toxicol 2015; 11:115-20. [PMID: 25048606 DOI: 10.1007/s13181-014-0415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, there has been a sharp increase in the number of newly identified synthetic drugs. These new drugs are often derivatives of previously abused substances but have unpredictable toxicity. One of these drugs is gacyclidine, a derivative of phencyclidine (PCP). Gacyclidine has been studied as a neuroprotective agent in trauma and as a therapy of soman toxicity. There are no previous reports of its use as a drug of abuse. CASE REPORTS During a two-month period in the summer of 2013, a series of patients with severe agitation and end-organ injury were identified in an urban academic Emergency Department (ED). A urine drug of abuse screen was performed on all patients, and serum samples were sent for comprehensive toxicology analysis. A total of five patients were identified as having agitation, rhabdomyolysis, and elevated troponin (Table 1). Three of the five patients reported use of methamphetamine, and all five patients had urine drug screens positive for amphetamine. Comprehensive serum analysis identified methamphetamine in three cases, cocaine metabolites in one case, and a potential untargeted match for gacyclidine in all five cases. No other drugs of abuse were identified. DISCUSSION This is the first series of cases describing possible gacyclidine intoxication. The possible source of the gacyclidine is unknown but it may have been an adulterant in methamphetamine as all patients who were questioned reported methamphetamine use. These cases highlight the importance of screening for new drugs of abuse when patients present with atypical or severe symptoms. Gacyclidine has the potential to become a drug of abuse both by itself and in conjunction with other agents and toxicity from gacyclidine can be severe. It is the role of the medical toxicology field to identify new agents such as gacyclidine early and to attempt to educate the community on the dangers of these new drugs of abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Chenoweth
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center and VA Northern California Health Care System, 4150 V Street, Suite 2100, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ford JB, Baturin D, Burleson TM, Van Linden AA, Kim YM, Porter CC. AZD1775 sensitizes T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to cytarabine by promoting apoptosis over DNA repair. Oncotarget 2015; 6:28001-10. [PMID: 26334102 PMCID: PMC4695040 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While some children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have excellent prognoses, the prognosis for adults and children with T cell ALL is more guarded. Treatment for T-ALL is heavily dependent upon antimetabolite chemotherapeutics, including cytarabine. Targeted inhibition of WEE1 with AZD1775 has emerged as a strategy to sensitize cancer cells to cytarabine and other chemotherapeutics. We sought to determine if this strategy would be effective for T-ALL with clinically relevant anti-leukemia agents. We found that AZD1775 sensitizes T-ALL cells to several traditional anti-leukemia agents, acting synergistically with cytarabine by enhancing DNA damage and apoptosis. In addition to increased phosphorylation of H2AX at serine 139 (γH2AX), AZD1775 led to increased phosphorylation of H2AX at tyrosine 142, a signaling event associated with promotion of apoptosis over DNA repair. In a xenograft model of T-ALL, the addition of AZD1775 to cytarabine slowed leukemia progression and prolonged survival. Inhibition of WEE1 with AZD1775 sensitizes T-ALL to several anti-leukemia agents, particularly cytarabine and that mechanistically, AZD1775 promotes apoptosis over DNA repair in cells treated with cytarabine. These data support the development of clinical trials including AZD1775 in combination with conventional chemotherapy for acute leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James B. Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Dmitry Baturin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tamara M. Burleson
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Annemie A. Van Linden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher C. Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lawley CM, Lain SJ, Algert CS, Ford JB, Figtree GA, Roberts CL. Prosthetic heart valves in pregnancy, outcomes for women and their babies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG 2015; 122:1446-55. [PMID: 26119028 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historically, pregnancies among women with prosthetic heart valves have been associated with an increased incidence of adverse outcomes. OBJECTIVES Systematic review to assess risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with a prosthetic heart valve(s) over the last 20 years. SEARCH STRATEGY Electronic literature search of Medline, The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Embase to find recent studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Studies of pregnant women with heart valve prostheses including trials, cohort studies and unselected case series. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Primary analysis calculated absolute risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pregnancy outcomes using a random effects model. The Freeman-Tukey transformation was utilised in secondary analysis due to the large number of individual study outcomes with zero events. MAIN RESULTS Eleven studies capturing 499 pregnancies among women with heart valve prostheses, including 256 mechanical and 59 bioprosthetic, were eligible for inclusion. Pooled estimate of maternal mortality was 1.2/100 pregnancies (95% CI 0.5-2.2), for mechanical valves subgroup 1.8/100 (95% CI 0.5-3.7) and bioprosthetic subgroup 0.7/100 (95% CI 0.1-4.5), overall pregnancy loss 20.8/100 pregnancies (95% CI 9.5-35.1), perinatal mortality 5.0/100 births (95%CI 1.8-9.8) and thromboembolism 9.3/100 pregnancies (95% CI 4.0-16.5). CONCLUSIONS Women with heart valve prostheses experienced higher rates of adverse outcomes than expected in a general obstetric population; however, lower than previously reported. Women with bioprostheses had significantly fewer thromboembolic events compared to women with mechanical valves. Women should be counselled pre-pregnancy about risk of maternal death and pregnancy loss. Vigilant surveillance by a multidisciplinary team throughout the perinatal period remains warranted for these women and their infants. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Metaanalysis suggests improvement in #pregnancy outcomes among women with #heartvalveprostheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Lawley
- Clinical Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - S J Lain
- Clinical Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C S Algert
- Clinical Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J B Ford
- Clinical Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - G A Figtree
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - C L Roberts
- Clinical Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nippita TA, Khambalia AZ, Seeho SK, Trevena JA, Patterson JA, Ford JB, Morris JM, Roberts CL. Methods of classification for women undergoing induction of labour: a systematic review and novel classification system. BJOG 2015; 122:1284-93. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TA Nippita
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Royal North Shore Hospital; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - AZ Khambalia
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - SK Seeho
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JA Trevena
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JA Patterson
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JB Ford
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JM Morris
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - CL Roberts
- Clinical Population and Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nippita TA, Lee YY, Patterson JA, Ford JB, Morris JM, Nicholl MC, Roberts CL. Variation in hospital caesarean section rates and obstetric outcomes among nulliparae at term: a population-based cohort study. BJOG 2015; 122:702-11. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TA Nippita
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Royal North Shore Hospital; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - YY Lee
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JA Patterson
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JB Ford
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - JM Morris
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - MC Nicholl
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Royal North Shore Hospital; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - CL Roberts
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; St Leonards NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Miller DFB, Yan PX, Fang F, Buechlein A, Ford JB, Tang H, Huang TH, Burow ME, Liu Y, Rusch DB, Nephew KP. Stranded Whole Transcriptome RNA-Seq for All RNA Types. Curr Protoc Hum Genet 2015; 84:11.14.1-11.14.23. [PMID: 25599667 PMCID: PMC4337225 DOI: 10.1002/0471142905.hg1114s84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stranded whole transcriptome RNA-Seq described in this unit captures quantitative expression data for all types of RNA including, but not limited to, miRNA (microRNA), piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA), snoRNA (small nucleolar RNA), lincRNA (large non-coding intergenic RNA), SRP RNA (signal recognition particle RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), mtRNA (mitochondrial RNA), and mRNA (messenger RNA). The size and nature of these types of RNA are irrelevant to the approach described here. Barcoded libraries for multiplexing on the Illumina platform are generated with this approach but it can be applied to other platforms with a few modifications.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- DNA, Complementary/analysis
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Gene Library
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/instrumentation
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods
- Humans
- Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- RNA/analysis
- RNA/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/analysis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Mitochondrial
- RNA, Small Untranslated/analysis
- RNA, Small Untranslated/classification
- RNA, Small Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Transfer/analysis
- RNA, Transfer/genetics
- Reverse Transcription
- Transcriptome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David F B Miller
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Pearlly X Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, OSUCCC-Illumina Core, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fang Fang
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Aaron Buechlein
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - James B Ford
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Haixu Tang
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Tim H Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texan Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Center for Computation Biology and Bioinformatics, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Douglas B Rusch
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Kenneth P Nephew
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lewis JC, Sutter ME, Albertson TE, Owen KP, Ford JB. An 11-year review of bupropion insufflation exposures in adults reported to the California Poison Control System. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2014; 52:969-72. [PMID: 25308323 DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2014.969372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seizures of both immediate and delayed onset after ingestion of bupropion SR and bupropion XL formulations are well documented, but are less well characterized after insufflation. Bupropion is crushed and insufflated to experience a high similar to that from amphetamines and cocaine. We sought to characterize the abuse of bupropion via insufflation in cases reported to the California Poison Control System (CPCS) and the incidence of seizures. METHODS An 11-year (2002-2012) retrospective observational case series of insufflated bupropion exposures evaluated in a health care facility (HCF) were reviewed after searching our database for all bupropion insufflation exposures. Patients with coingestants, multiple exposure routes, or age less than 18 were excluded. Data included age, gender, estimated bupropion dose, occurrence of pre-HCF seizures, symptoms and vital signs reported to the CPCS, treatments, and adverse events that occurred until time of discharge. RESULTS 74 cases were identified (1 excluded due to age, 5 excluded due to additional oral ingestion of bupropion, and 1 excluded due to being unable to follow). A total of 67 cases met inclusion criteria. The median age was 36 (range, 18-65) years. The total dose of bupropion insufflated was reported in 52 pts; median dose of 1500 (range, 100-9000) mg. Eighteen cases (27%) involved staggered or chronic exposures. Of the 67 patients, 20 (30%) experienced a seizure prior to arrival at the HCF. Of these, 19 patients (95%) presented with tachycardia. None of these patients had a second seizure in the emergency department. There were no major medical outcomes and no deaths. Of the 67 patients, 9 patients received benzodiazepines and 6 patients received single-dose activated charcoal. CONCLUSION The abuse of bupropion by crushing and insufflating through the nose is uncommon (67/2270 or 3.0%) compared with that by oral bupropion exposures reported to CPCS. Seizures are common but are self-limited. Delayed seizures (more than 8 h after exposure) appear to be rare. Tachycardia is present in almost all patients who have seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Lewis
- Division of Sacramento, California Poison Control System , Sacramento, CA , USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Patterson JA, Roberts CL, Isbister JP, Irving DO, Nicholl MC, Morris JM, Ford JB. What factors contribute to hospital variation in obstetric transfusion rates? Vox Sang 2014; 108:37-45. [PMID: 25092527 PMCID: PMC4302973 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives To explore variation in red blood cell transfusion rates between hospitals, and the extent to which this can be explained. A secondary objective was to assess whether hospital transfusion rates are associated with maternal morbidity. Materials and Methods Linked hospital discharge and birth data were used to identify births (n = 279 145) in hospitals with at least 10 deliveries per annum between 2008 and 2010 in New South Wales, Australia. To investigate transfusion rates, a series of random-effects multilevel logistic regression models were fitted, progressively adjusting for maternal, obstetric and hospital factors. Correlations between hospital transfusion and maternal, neonatal morbidity and readmission rates were assessed. Results Overall, the transfusion rate was 1·4% (hospital range 0·6–2·9) across 89 hospitals. Adjusting for maternal casemix reduced the variation between hospitals by 26%. Adjustment for obstetric interventions further reduced variation by 8% and a further 39% after adjustment for hospital type (range 1·1–2·0%). At a hospital level, high transfusion rates were moderately correlated with maternal morbidity (0·59, P = 0·01), but not with low Apgar scores (0·39, P = 0·08), or readmission rates (0·18, P = 0·29). Conclusion Both casemix and practice differences contributed to the variation in transfusion rates between hospitals. The relationship between outcomes and transfusion rates was variable; however, low transfusion rates were not associated with worse outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Patterson
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Van Linden AA, Baturin D, Ford JB, Fosmire SP, Gardner L, Korch C, Reigan P, Porter CC. Inhibition of Wee1 sensitizes cancer cells to antimetabolite chemotherapeutics in vitro and in vivo, independent of p53 functionality. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:2675-84. [PMID: 24121103 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of Wee1 is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer, and some data suggest that cells with dysfunctional p53 are more sensitive to Wee1 inhibition combined with conventional chemotherapy than those with functional p53. We and others found that Wee1 inhibition sensitizes leukemia cells to cytarabine. Thus, we sought to determine whether chemosensitization by Wee1 inhibition is dependent on p53 dysfunction and whether combining Wee1 inhibition is tolerable and effective in vivo. Synergistic inhibition of proliferation with a Wee1 inhibitor in clinical development, MK1775, and cytarabine was observed in all acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell lines tested, regardless of p53 functionality. Mechanistic studies indicate that inhibition of Wee1 abrogates the S-phase checkpoint and augments apoptosis induced by cytarabine. In AML and lung cancer cell lines, genetic disruption of p53 did not alter the cells' enhanced sensitivity to antimetabolites with Wee1 inhibition. Finally, mice with AML were treated with cytarabine and/or MK1775. The combination of MK1775 and cytarabine was well tolerated in mice and enhanced the antileukemia effects of cytarabine, including survival. Thus, inhibition of Wee1 sensitizes hematologic and solid tumor cell lines to antimetabolite chemotherapeutics, whether p53 is functional or not, suggesting that the use of p53 mutation as a predictive biomarker for response to Wee1 inhibition may be restricted to certain cancers and/or chemotherapeutics. These data provide preclinical justification for testing MK1775 and cytarabine in patients with leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annemie A Van Linden
- Corresponding Author: Christopher C. Porter, University of Colorado School of Medicine,12800 East 19th Avenue, RC1N 4101, Aurora, CO 80045.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Khambalia AZ, Ford JB, Nassar N, Shand AW, McElduff A, Roberts CL. Occurrence and recurrence of diabetes in pregnancy. Diabet Med 2013; 30:452-6. [PMID: 23323841 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine occurrence and recurrence rates of gestational diabetes among women having at least two consecutive pregnancies. Risk factors for recurrence of gestational diabetes and rates of second/third pregnancy pre-existing diabetes mellitus were also assessed. METHODS Population-based study using longitudinally linked hospital discharge and birth records (2001-2009) in NSW, Australia. Participants included women without a pre-existing diagnosis of Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes at time of first pregnancy and with at least a first and second birth. Factors associated with recurrence of gestational diabetes were examined using multivariate log-binomial models to adjust for correlation within mothers and estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS First occurrence of gestational diabetes was 3.7% (5315/142 843) in the first pregnancy and 2.7% (3689/137 528) in the second pregnancy. The recurrence rate of gestational diabetes in a second consecutive pregnancy was 41.2%. Risk of pre-existing diabetes in a pregnancy subsequent to one with first occurrence of gestational diabetes was 2.2% and 2.0% in the second or third pregnancy, respectively. Among women with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes in the first pregnancy, independent predictors of gestational diabetes recurrence were maternal age ≥ 35 years, ethnicity (Middle East/North Africa and Asia), pregnancy hypertension, large for gestational age infant and preterm birth in the first pregnancy, longer inter-pregnancy birth interval and pregnancy hypertension and multiple pregnancy in the second pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy is a strong indicator of future risk and a useful clinical marker for identifying women at elevated risk in a subsequent pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Z Khambalia
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Vivian-Taylor
- Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Objective To investigate the recurrence risk of breech presentation at term, and to assess the risk factors that contribute to its recurrence. Design Cohort study. Setting New South Wales, Australia. Population Women with their first two (n = 113 854) and first three (n = 21 690) consecutive singleton term pregnancies, in the period 1994–2002. Methods Descriptive statistics including rates, relative risks and adjusted relative risks, as determined from logistic regression and Poisson analyses. Main outcome measures Rates and risks of occurrence and recurrence of breech presentation at birth in each pregnancy, and maternal and infant risk factors associated with breech recurrence. Results First-time breech presentation at term occurred in 4.2% of first pregnancy deliveries, 2.2% of second pregnancies and 1.9% of third pregnancies. The rate of breech recurrence in a second consecutive pregnancy was 9.9%, and in a third consecutive pregnancy (after two prior breech deliveries) was 27.5%. The relative risk of breech recurrence in a second pregnancy was 3.2 (95% CI 2.8–3.6), and in a third consecutive breech pregnancy was 13.9 (95% CI 8.8–22.1). First pregnancy factors associated with recurrence included placenta praevia [adjusted relative risk (aRR) 2.2; 95% CI 1.3–3.7], maternal diabetes (aRR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–2.1) and a maternal age of ≥35 years (aRR 1.2; 95% CI 0.9–1.6). Second pregnancy factors included birth defects (aRR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4–4.2), placenta praevia (aRR 2.5; 95% CI 1.5–4.1) and a female infant (aRR 1.2; 95% CI 1.0–1.5). Conclusions The increased recurrence risk of breech presentations suggests that women with a history of breech delivery should be closely monitored in the latter stages of pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Ford
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- N M Mealing
- The Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ford JB, Roberts CL, Simpson JM, Vaughan J, Cameron CA. Increased postpartum hemorrhage rates in Australia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 98:237-43. [PMID: 17482190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Revised: 03/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether changes in risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) over time are associated with a rise in postpartum hemorrhage rates. METHODS Population-based study using linked hospital discharge and birth records from New South Wales, Australia for 752,374 women giving birth, 1994-2002. Analyses include a description of trends and regression analysis of risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage and comparison of predicted and observed rates of postpartum hemorrhage over time. RESULTS Increasing proportions of women aged 35 years or older, born overseas, nulliparous, having cesarean births, having inductions and/or epidurals, postterm deliveries and large babies were evident. Observed postpartum hemorrhage rates increased from 4.7 to 6.0 per 100 births (P<0.001) while expected rates, adjusted for covariates, remained steady (P=0.28). CONCLUSION Increases in postpartum hemorrhage are not explained by the changing risk profile of women. It may be that changes in management and/or reporting of postpartum hemorrhage have resulted in higher postpartum hemorrhage rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Ford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ford JB, Henry RL, Sullivan EA. Comparison of selected reasons for hospitalization of children among children's/tertiary hospitals, Australia, 1996-97 and 1997-98. J Paediatr Child Health 2004; 40:374-9. [PMID: 15228566 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2004.00405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the major characteristics of admissions to children's/tertiary hospitals (compared to other hospitals) and to compare characteristics of local and non-local admissions to specialist children's hospitals. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of a routinely collected data set of hospitalizations in Australia in 1996-97 and 1997-98. RESULTS Hospital-specific proportions of asthma and bronchitis, tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy and gastroenteritis varied considerably. Multivariate analysis comparing the characteristics of admitted patients by locality showed that non-local admissions of patients with asthma and bronchitis and gastroenteritis to selected children's hospitals were significantly more likely to be Indigenous children and/or children who had been transferred from another hospital. Non-local admissions of tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy patients to selected hospitals were significantly more likely to be public patients. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the characteristics of admitted patients to children's hospitals by locality raise issues about equality of access and availability of appropriate services for these children and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Ford
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kale PG, Petty BT, Walker S, Ford JB, Dehkordi N, Tarasia S, Tasie BO, Kale R, Sohni YR. Mutagenicity testing of nine herbicides and pesticides currently used in agriculture. Environ Mol Mutagen 1995; 25:148-53. [PMID: 7698107 DOI: 10.1002/em.2850250208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nine herbicides and pesticides were tested for their mutagenicity using the Drosophila sex-linked recessive lethal mutation assay. These are Ambush, Treflan, Blazer, Roundup, 2,4-D Amine, Crossbow, Galecron, Pramitol, and Pondmaster. All of these are in wide use at present. Unlike adult feeding and injection assays, the larvae were allowed to grow in medium with the test chemical, thereby providing long and chronic exposure to the sensitive and dividing diploid cells, i.e., mitotically active spermatogonia and sensitive spermatocytes. All chemicals induced significant numbers of mutations in at least one of the cell types tested. Some of these compounds were found to be negative in earlier studies. An explanation for the difference in results is provided. It is probable that different germ cell stages and treatment regimens are suitable for different types of chemicals. larval treatment may still be valuable and can complement adult treatment in environmental mutagen testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P G Kale
- Department of Biology, Alabama A. & M. University, Normal 35762, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- J B Ford
- College of Business and Public Administration, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529
| | | |
Collapse
|