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Czech-Załubska K, Klich D, Jackowska-Tracz A, Didkowska A, Bogdan J, Anusz K. Dyes Used in Processed Meat Products in the Polish Market, and Their Possible Risks and Benefits for Consumer Health. Foods 2023; 12:2610. [PMID: 37444348 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Manufacturers are obliged to label processed meat products with information concerning the additives used and nutritional values. The aim of the study was to identify the dyes most frequently used in processed meat, evaluate their influence on specific food qualities, assess whether their use was correct and review their effect on health. The analysis was based on information on the labels and images of processed meat, and used a generalised linear model with a binary dependent variable. The risks and benefits for human health were defined based on the available literature. Twelve dyes were found to be used in the manufacture of processed meat. Carmine was found in 183 of 273 (67.03%) evaluated assortments containing dyes. The occurrence of water, flavourings and high fat and carbohydrate contents increased the chances that a dye would be present in a particular product. Unauthorised use of food additives was found in 20 products, with smoked meat products demonstrating the highest number of non-compliances. In general, the dyes used with food are considered safe; however, reservations are associated with the use of E150C and E150D caramels due to their potential carcinogenic effect, and carmine and annatto due to their allergic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czech-Załubska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Klich
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jackowska-Tracz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Didkowska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Pławińska-Czarnak J, Wódz K, Kizerwetter-Świda M, Bogdan J, Kwieciński P, Nowak T, Strzałkowska Z, Anusz K. Multi-Drug Resistance to Salmonella spp. When Isolated from Raw Meat Products. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070876. [PMID: 35884130 PMCID: PMC9311972 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella spp. is the most frequent cause of foodborne diseases, and the increasing occurrence of MDR strains is an additional and increasing problem. We collected Salmonella spp. strains isolated from meat (poultry and pork) and analysed their antibiotic susceptibility profiles and the occurrence of resistance genes. To determine the susceptibility profiles and identify MDR strains, we used two MIC methods (MICRONAUT and VITEC2 Compact) and 25 antibiotics. Phenotypic tests showed that 53.84% strains were MDR. Finally, molecular analysis strains revealed the presence of blaSHV, blaPSE-1, blaTEM, but not blaCTX-M genes. Moreover, several genes were associated with resistance to aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, fluorochinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. This suggests that further research on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in foodborne strains is needed, especially from a One Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (Z.S.); (K.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Karolina Wódz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (P.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego Str. 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (Z.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Piotr Kwieciński
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (P.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Tomasz Nowak
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (P.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Zuzanna Strzałkowska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (Z.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (Z.S.); (K.A.)
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Pławińska-Czarnak J, Wódz K, Kizerwetter-Świda M, Nowak T, Bogdan J, Kwieciński P, Kwieciński A, Anusz K. Citrobacter braakii Yield False-Positive Identification as Salmonella, a Note of Caution. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092177. [PMID: 34574287 PMCID: PMC8470050 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, Salmonella enterica is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness in humans. Food of animal origin is obligatorily tested for the presence of this pathogen. Unfortunately, in meat and meat products, this is often hampered by the presence of background microbiota, which may present as false-positive Salmonella. METHODS For the identification of Salmonella spp. from meat samples of beef, pork, and poultry, the authorized detection method is PN-EN ISO 6579-1:2017-04 with the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme, two biochemical tests: API 20E and VITEK II, and a real-time PCR-based technique. RESULTS Out of 42 presumptive strains of Salmonella, 83.3% Salmonella enterica spp. enterica, 14.3% Citrobacter braakii, and 12.4% Proteus mirabilis were detected from 180 meat samples. CONCLUSIONS Presumptive strains of Salmonella should be identified based on genotypic properties such as DNA-based methods. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from miscellaneous meat sorts: beef, pork, and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (K.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Karolina Wódz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (T.N.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Nowak
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (T.N.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (K.A.)
| | - Piotr Kwieciński
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (T.N.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Kwieciński
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Vet-Lab Brudzew, Ul. Turkowska 58c, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland; (K.W.); (T.N.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (K.A.)
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Pławińska-Czarnak J, Majewska A, Zarzyńska J, Bogdan J, Kaba J, Anusz K, Bagnicka E. Gene Expression Profile in Peripheral Blood Nuclear Cells of Small Ruminant Lentivirus-Seropositive and Seronegative Dairy Goats in Their First Lactation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040940. [PMID: 33810360 PMCID: PMC8066113 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Caprine arthritis encephalitis, caused by small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), is a disease that develops with various signs in adult goats, e.g., arthritis, mastitis, and progressive weight loss, while in goat kids, the disease presents with only neuropathy and extremely rarely. The disease results in reduced milk production and economic losses in herds of goats. Previously described changes in single gene expression do not fully explain all the processes occurring in the infected goats. Therefore, the present study describes the first use of a transcriptomic array designed specifically for goats in Poland. Its aim was to investigate the gene expression profiles of peripheral blood nuclear cells from SRLV-seropositive and SRLV-seronegative goats using a custom-made Capra hircus gene expression array. Just four genes out of ~50,000 were found to have differential expression; moreover, changes in their expression suggest an active inflammatory mechanism in SRLV-seropositive goats at the early stage of SRLV infection. Abstract The immune response to a viral antigen causes inflammatory cell infiltration to the tissue, which creates a suitable environment for the replication of the virus in macrophages, and the recruitment of more monocytes to the site of infection, or latently infected monocytes. The aim of the study was to analyze the transcriptomic profile of peripheral blood nuclear cells isolated from SRLV-seropositive and SRLV-negative goats at the peak of their first lactation. SRLV-seropositive goats were probably infected via colostrum. Custom transcriptomic microarrays for goats were designed and developed, namely the Capra hircus gene expression array, which features ~50,000 unique transcripts per microarray. Only four genes were differentially expressed, with up-regulated expression of the GIMAP2, SSC5D and SETX genes, and down-regulated expression of the GPR37 gene in SRLV-seropositive vs. SRLV-seronegative goats. However, in an RT-qPCR analysis, the result for the SETX gene was not confirmed. The differences in the expressions of the studied genes indicate an active inflammatory process in the SRLV-seropositive goats at the early stage of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.B.); (K.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicja Majewska
- Department of Physiology Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Zarzyńska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.B.); (K.A.)
| | - Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.B.); (K.A.)
| | - Jarosław Kaba
- Division of Epidemiology and Veterinary Management, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.Z.); (J.B.); (K.A.)
| | - Emilia Bagnicka
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
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Bogdan J, Pławińska-Czarnak J, Zarzyńska J. Nanoparticles of Titanium and Zinc Oxides as Novel Agents in Tumor Treatment: a Review. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:225. [PMID: 28351128 PMCID: PMC5368103 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become a global problem. On all continents, a great number of people are diagnosed with this disease. In spite of the progress in medical care, cancer still ends fatal for a great number of the ill, either as a result of a late diagnosis or due to inefficiency of therapies. The majority of the tumors are resistant to drugs. Thus, the search for new, more effective therapy methods continues. Recently, nanotechnology has been attributed with big expectations in respect of the cancer fight. That interdisciplinary field of science creates nanomaterials (NMs) and nanoparticles (NPs) that can be applied, e.g., in nanomedicine. NMs and NPs are perceived as very promising in cancer therapy since they can perform as drug carriers, as well as photo- or sonosensitizers (compounds that generate the formation of reactive oxygen species as a result of either electromagnetic radiation excitation with an adequate wavelength or ultrasound activation, respectively). Consequently, two new treatment modalities, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) have been created. The attachment of ligands or antibodies to NMs or to NPs improve their selective distribution into the targeted organ or cell; hence, the therapy effectiveness can be improved. An important advantage of the targeted tumor treatment is lowering the cyto- and genotoxicity of active substance towards healthy cells. Therefore, both PDT and SDT constitute a valuable alternative to chemo- or radiotherapy. The vital role in cancer eradication is attributed to two inorganic sensitizers in their nanosized scale: titanium dioxide and zinc oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Zarzyńska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Bogdan J, Zarzyńska J, Pławińska-Czarnak J. Comparison of Infectious Agents Susceptibility to Photocatalytic Effects of Nanosized Titanium and Zinc Oxides: A Practical Approach. Nanoscale Res Lett 2015; 10:1023. [PMID: 26239879 PMCID: PMC4523504 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology contributes towards a more effective eradication of pathogens that have emerged in hospitals, veterinary clinics, and food processing plants and that are resistant to traditional drugs or disinfectants. Since new methods of pathogens eradication must be invented and implemented, nanotechnology seems to have become the response to that acute need. A remarkable achievement in this field of science was the creation of self-disinfecting surfaces that base on advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Thus, the phenomenon of photocatalysis was practically applied. Among the AOPs that have been most studied in respect of their ability to eradicate viruses, prions, bacteria, yeasts, and molds, there are the processes of TiO2/UV and ZnO/UV. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) act as photocatalysts, after they have been powdered to nanoparticles. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an agent that determines their excitation. Methods using photocatalytic properties of nanosized TiO2 and ZnO prove to be highly efficient in inactivation of infectious agents. Therefore, they are being applied on a growing scale. AOP-based disinfection is regarded as a very promising tool that might help overcome problems in food hygiene and public health protection. The susceptibility of infectious agents to photocatalylic processes can be generally arranged in the following order: viruses > prions > Gram-negative bacteria > Gram-positive bacteria > yeasts > molds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Zarzyńska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Łozicki A, Koziorzębska A, Halik G, Dymnicka M, Arkuszewska E, Niemiec T, Bogdan J. Effect of ensiling pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.) with dried sugar beet pulp on the content of bioactive compounds in silage and its antioxidant potential. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bogdan J, Jackowska-Tracz A, Zarzyńska J, Pławińska-Czarnak J. Chances and limitations of nanosized titanium dioxide practical application in view of its physicochemical properties. Nanoscale Res Lett 2015; 10:57. [PMID: 25852354 PMCID: PMC4385004 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0753-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a field of science that is nowadays developing in a dynamic way. It seems to offer almost endless opportunities of contribution to many areas of economy and human activity, in general. Thanks to nanotechnology, the so-called nanomaterials can be designed. They present structurally altered materials, with their physical, chemical and biological properties entirely differing from properties of the same materials manufactured in microtechnology. Nanotechnology creates a unique opportunity to modify the matter at the level of atoms and particles. Therefore, it has become possible to obtain items displaying new, useful properties, i.e. self-disinfecting and self-cleaning surfaces. Those surfaces are usually covered by a thin layer of a photocatalyst. The role of the photocatalyst is most of the time performed by the nanosized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2). Excitation of nano-TiO2 by ultraviolet radiation initiates advanced oxidation processes and reactions leading to the creation of oxygen vacancies that bind water particles. As a result, photocatalytic surfaces are given new properties. Those properties can then be applied in a variety of disciplines, such as medicine, food hygiene, environmental protection or building industry. Practically, the applications include inactivation of microorganisms, degradation of toxins, removing pollutants from buildings and manufacturing of fog-free windows or mirrors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jackowska-Tracz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Zarzyńska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Bogdan J, Zagdańska B. Changes in the pool of soluble sugars induced by dehydration at the heterotrophic phase of growth of wheat seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem 2006; 44:787-94. [PMID: 17118668 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Loss of dehydration tolerance coincides with a shift from heterotrophy to autotrophy during post-germination growth of spring wheat seedlings. This critical stage falls on the fifth day following imbibition. Till the sixth day of experiment light had no effect on dry weight of the seedlings but the survival of six day old seedlings was reduced by half upon dehydration. Germinating seeds in the presence of 5 mM glucose, fructose, mannose or sucrose did not promote seedling growth but either increase (glucose, fructose) or decreased (mannose, sucrose) the survival of dehydrated seedlings. Protection against dehydration by the former sugars was correlated, irrespective of the seedling age, with the decrease of sugar pool in seeds and increase in shoots (coleoptile and first leaf) and roots. The opposite changes were provoked by the sugars hampering seedling survival. Generally, survival of wheat seedlings was not correlated with the size of soluble sugar pool but its distribution and composition. Lower mobilisation of soluble sugars in seed, lower proportion of reduced sugars to sucrose and higher share of raffinose is characteristic for the tolerant four day old seedlings and those grown in the media containing glucose or fructose. The results presented indicate that higher proportion of reduced sugars to sucrose and lower share of raffinose in six day old seedlings seems to be associated with the loss of dehydration tolerance of these seedlings, despite heterotrophic character of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bogdan
- Biochemistry Department, Warsaw Agricultural University, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Townsend HG, Penner SJ, Watts TC, Cook A, Bogdan J, Haines DM, Griffin S, Chambers T, Holland RE, Whitaker-Dowling P, Youngner JS, Sebring RW. Efficacy of a cold-adapted, intranasal, equine influenza vaccine: challenge trials. Equine Vet J 2001; 33:637-43. [PMID: 11770983 DOI: 10.2746/042516401776249354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A randomised, controlled, double-blind, influenza virus, aerosol challenge of horses was undertaken to determine the efficacy of a cold-adapted, temperature sensitive, modified-live virus, intranasal, equine influenza vaccine. Ninety 11-month-old influenza-naïve foals were assigned randomly to 3 groups (20 vaccinates and 10 controls per group) and challenged 5 weeks, 6 and 12 months after a single vaccination. Challenges were performed on Day 0 in a plastic-lined chamber. Between Days 1 and 10, animals were examined daily for evidence of clinical signs of influenza. Nasal swabs for virus isolation were obtained on Day 1 and Days 1 to 8 and blood samples for serology were collected on Days 1, 7 and 14. There was no adverse response to vaccination in any animal. Following challenge at 5 weeks and 6 months, vaccinates had significantly lower clinical scores (P = 0.0001 and 0.005, respectively), experienced smaller increases in rectal temperature (P = 0.0008 and 0.0007, respectively) and shed less virus (P<0.0001 and P = 0.03, respectively) over fewer days (P<0.0001 and P = 0.002, respectively) than did the controls. After the 12 month challenge, rectal temperatures (P = 0.006) as well as the duration (P = 0.03) and concentration of virus shed (P = 0.04) were significantly reduced among vaccinated animals. The results of this study showed that 6 months after a single dose of vaccine the duration and severity of clinical signs were markedly reduced amongst vaccinated animals exposed to a severe live-virus challenge. Appropriate use of this vaccine should lead to a marked reduction in the frequency, severity and duration of outbreaks of equine influenza in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Townsend
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Chambers TM, Holland RE, Tudor LR, Townsend HG, Cook A, Bogdan J, Lunn DP, Hussey S, Whitaker-Dowling P, Youngner JS, Sebring RW, Penner SJ, Stiegler GL. A new modified live equine influenza virus vaccine: phenotypic stability, restricted spread and efficacy against heterologous virus challenge. Equine Vet J 2001; 33:630-6. [PMID: 11770982 DOI: 10.2746/042516401776249291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Flu Avert IN vaccine is a new, live attenuated virus vaccine for equine influenza. We tested this vaccine in vivo to ascertain 1) its safety and stability when subjected to serial horse to horse passage, 2) whether it spread spontaneously from horse to horse and 3) its ability to protect against heterologous equine influenza challenge viruses of epidemiological relevance. For the stability study, the vaccine was administered to 5 ponies. Nasal swabs were collected and pooled fluids administered directly to 4 successive groups of naïve ponies by intranasal inoculation. Viruses isolated from the last group retained the vaccine's full attenuation phenotype, with no reversion to the wild-type virus phenotype or production of clinical influenza disease. The vaccine virus spread spontaneously to only 1 of 13 nonvaccinated horses/ponies when these were comingled with 39 vaccinates in the same field. For the heterologous protection study, a challenge model system was utilised in which vaccinated or naïve control horses and ponies were exposed to the challenge virus by inhalation of virus-containing aerosols. Challenge viruses included influenza A/equine-2/Kentucky/98, a recent representative of the 'American' lineage of equine-2 influenza viruses; and A/equine-2/Saskatoon/90, representative of the 'Eurasian' lineage. Clinical signs among challenged animals were recorded daily using a standardised scoring protocol. With both challenge viruses, control animals reliably contracted clinical signs of influenza, whereas vaccinated animals were reliably protected from clinical disease. These results demonstrate that Flu Avert IN vaccine is safe and phenotypically stable, has low spontaneous transmissibility and is effective in protecting horses against challenge viruses representative of those in circulation worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Chambers
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0099, USA
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Bogdan J. Care or cure? Childbirth practices in 19th-century America. Fem Stud 2001; 4:92-9. [PMID: 11614469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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O'Connor B, Gauvreau H, West K, Bogdan J, Ayroud M, Clark EG, Konoby C, Allan G, Ellis JA. Multiple porcine circovirus 2-associated abortions and reproductive failure in a multisite swine production unit. Can Vet J 2001; 42:551-3. [PMID: 11467184 PMCID: PMC1476641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 was detected in several stillborn and nonviable neonatal piglets presenting with chronic passive congestion, cardiac hypertrophy, and severe diffuse myocarditis. The presence of the virus in the heart and other tissues of affected piglets was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and virus isolation techniques. Other reproductive losses and associated infectious agents in the herd are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O'Connor
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4
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14
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Bogdan J, West K, Clark E, Konoby C, Haines D, Allan G, McNeilly F, Meehan B, Krakowka S, Ellis JA. Association of porcine circovirus 2 with reproductive failure in pigs: a retrospective study, 1995-1998. Can Vet J 2001; 42:548-50. [PMID: 11467183 PMCID: PMC1476628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine if vertically transmitted porcine circovirus (PCV) has played a role in reproductive failure in pigs in areas of endemic infection, archival fixed tissues were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Tissues tested were from routine cases of abortion or reproductive failure submitted between 1995 and 1998 to the diagnostic laboratory at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon. They originated from 29 high-health herds in the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan and comprised a total of 36 individual submissions. Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) was not detected by PCR in any submitted tissues. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) was not detected by PCR or immunohistochemistry in any of the submitted tissue. The effect of extended formalin fixation on the detection of PCV2 by PCR was assessed and fixation for up to one week had no gross effect on sensitivity of detection using this PCR technique. Failure to detect porcine circoviruses in cases of reproductive failure prior to 1999 in areas of endemic infections, suggests that reproductive disease may be a new clinical manifestation of PCV2 infection, and that vertical transmission may not have been the primary mechanism of initial dissemination of the virus in the pig population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bogdan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4
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15
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Skopińska-Rózewska E, Piazza GA, Sommer E, Pamukcu R, Barcz E, Filewska M, Kupis W, Caban R, Rudziński P, Bogdan J, Mlekodaj S, Sikorska E. Inhibition of angiogenesis by sulindac and its sulfone metabolite (FGN-1): a potential mechanism for their antineoplastic properties. Int J Tissue React 1999; 20:85-9. [PMID: 9894180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug sulindac (sulfoxide) is known to cause regression and prevent recurrence of adenomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. The mechanism of action does not appear to require inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis since the sulfone metabolite of sulindac (FGN-1) retains the antineoplastic properties of sulindac but lacks inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase, types 1 and 2. FGN-1 has been shown to induce apoptosis in a variety of tumor cell lines, and selective apoptosis of neoplastic cells has been proposed to account for its antineoplastic properties. Since angiogenesis is necessary for tumor progression and may be related to apoptosis, it is possible that inhibition of angiogenesis may also contribute to the antineoplastic properties of sulindac or FGN-1. In order to test this possibility, cells derived from several different types of human lung tumors were grafted intradermally in Balb/c mice. Sulindac sulfoxide and its sulfide and sulfone metabolites were administered for 3 days orally, in a daily dose of 0.025-0.5 mg, and angiogenesis was measured after 72 h using a previously described method. The results showed that sulindac sulfoxide and sulfone statistically inhibited angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Skopińska-Rózewska
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Kuiken T, Wobeser G, Leighton FA, Haines DM, Chelack B, Bogdan J, Hassard L, Heckert RA, Riva J. Pathology of Newcastle disease in double-crested cormorants from Saskatchewan, with comparison of diagnostic methods. J Wildl Dis 1999; 35:8-23. [PMID: 10073341 DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) in juvenile double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) occurred several times since 1975, but there are relatively few studies on its pathology and diagnosis. In order to describe the distribution of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and associated lesions in cormorants with ND and to compare diagnostic methods, 25 cormorants with nervous signs from a ND epizootic in Saskatchewan in 1995 (NDE cormorants) were compared with 18 negative control cormorants. Tissues of these birds were examined by necropsy, histology, virus isolation, immunohistochemistry, serology, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. The NDE cormorants had a characteristic non-suppurative encephalomyelitis, with a significantly higher prevalence of neuronal necrosis, gliosis, perivascular infiltration with mononuclear cells, and endothelial hypertrophy than control cormorants. These lesions were found more frequently in the cerebellum and brain stem than in other parts of the central nervous system. Immunohistochemically, NDV antigen was limited to neurons, glial and endothelial cells in the central nervous system, and to tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. Newcastle disease virus was isolated with the highest prevalence (4/5) and the highest concentration (10(4.8) ELD50/g) from the kidney. The virus isolates often did not agglutinate erythrocytes in the standard hemagglutination test; the presence of NDV was confirmed by use of an indirect immunoperoxidase assay. By RT-PCR, NDV was detected in kidney and jejunum of a NDE cormorant. There was no significant difference between sensitivity of histology, virus isolation, and serology for detecting ND in NDE cormorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuiken
- Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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17
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West K, Bogdan J, Hamel A, Nayar G, Morley PS, Haines DM, Ellis JA. A comparison of diagnostic methods for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimental clinical specimens. Can J Vet Res 1998; 62:245-50. [PMID: 9798088 PMCID: PMC1189489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Virus shedding was monitored in nasal secretions of 12 calves experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) using an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detecting the nucleoprotein (NP) antigen of BRSV, by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifying the fusion protein of BRSV, and by a microisolation assay combined with immunoperoxidase staining for the F protein of BRSV. Under the conditions of this study, similar limits of detection and quantitative results were obtained from all three assays. BRSV was detected in nasal secretions of all calves for a minimum of 4 d. Virus shedding began on Day 2 after infection, peaked on Days 3-5, and was cleared in most calves by Day 8. The PCR, and to a lesser extent the ELISA, may detect virus shedding for a longer period after infection than virus isolation, possibly due to neutralization of the virus by rising mucosal antibody. Simulated environmental conditions likely to be experienced during transport of clinical field specimens markedly reduced the sensitivity of virus isolation but had a minimal effect on the results of the NP ELISA. Actual field transport conditions (overnight on ice) had minimal apparent effect on the results of the PCR assay. The less stringent specimen handling requirements, combined with low limits of detection, of both the nucleoprotein ELISA and PCR, indicate either of these assays are more suitable for diagnostic applications than virus isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K West
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
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18
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Mlekodaj S, Kupis W, Rudziński P, Bogdan J. [Results of program realization "improvement in surgical treatment efficacy for lung neoplasms"]. Wiad Lek 1998; 50 Suppl 1 Pt 1:164-7. [PMID: 9446346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Mlekodaj
- Kliniki Chirurgii Instytutu Gruźlicy i Chorób Płuc w Warszawie
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19
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Mlekodaj S, Kupis W, Rudziński P, Bogdan J. [Five year survival of patients treated surgically for lung neoplasms]. Wiad Lek 1998; 50 Suppl 1 Pt 1:160-3. [PMID: 9446345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The results of surgery for lung cancer performed in 1981 and respectively in 1991 were compared in regards to 5 years survival time. Most centers of thoracic surgery in Poland participated in the study. In 1981 728 patients underwent surgery for LC and in 1991-1141 had some kinds of lung resection for LC. The improvement rate of 17% in regards to 5 years survival time was achieved in the latter period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mlekodaj
- Kliniki Chirurgii Instytutu Gruźlicy i Chorób Płuc w Warszawie
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20
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Skopińska-Rózewska E, Sommer E, Demkow U, Chorostowska-Wynimko J, Bałan B, Rózycka B, Barcz E, Filewska M, Mlekodaj S, Rudziński P, Seweryniak W, Caban P, Kupis W, Bogdan J, Usiekniewicz P, Gatarek J, Langfort R. Screening of angiogenesis inhibitors by modified tumor-induced angiogenesis (TIA) test in lung cancer. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 1997; 42 Suppl 1:287-96. [PMID: 9337546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant angiogenesis-the new vessels formation is a mandatory event in the process of tumor growth and expansion. Studies on mechanisms involved in tumor-induced angiogenesis (TIA) and on its possible inhibitors are needed in order to introduce in future new methods of tumor treatment. The aim of our study was to determine the usefulness of the modified cutaneous TIA (mice without immunosuppression) test for screening in vivo of the angiogenesis modifiers. In both models (classical and modified TIA) we demonstrated comparable angiogenesis activity following human lung cells inoculation and similar degree of neovascularization response inhibition caused by theobromine. We reported that in modified TIA model preincubation with theobromine significantly suppressed angiogenic potential of human lung cancer cells as well as the ability of those cells to produce proangiogenic cytokine-bFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Skopińska-Rózewska
- Department of Immunology, Surgery, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw
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21
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Karna E, Pałka J, Chyczewski L, Słodkowska J, Bogdan J. Prolidase and prolinase activities in moderately and poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 1997; 42 Suppl 1:230-40. [PMID: 9337540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Prolidase (E.C.3.4.13.9) and prolinase (E.C.3.4.13.8) activities were determined in normal human lung and human lung adenocarcinomas of various degree of histologic differentiation. Since these dipeptidases were found to be enzymes catabolizing mainly collagen and simultaneously involved in the recycling of proline for collagen biosynthesis, the measurement of this protein and its degradation products in studied tissues (by hydroxyproline determination) was performed. It has been found that the activity of prolinase in G2-moderately and G3-poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma groups, was elevated compared to lung parenchyma and that the increase was proportional to the degree of adenocarcinoma differentiation. Prolidase activity was elevated only in G3 lung adenocarcinoma. The increase of prolidase and prolinase activities were accompanied by an increase of tissue collagen content. Collagen degradation products (CDP) represented one third of total collagen in control lung tissues while in lung adenocarcinomas the CDP represented significantly lower percentage of total tissue collagen. The results suggest that prolidase and prolinase activities may reflect: (i) degree of differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma and (ii) disturbances in tissue collagen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Karna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical Academy of Białystok
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22
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Sommer E, Skopińska-Rόżwska E, Filewska M, Kupis W, Bogdan J, Miekodaj S. Unwanted effects of evening primrose oll on tumor angiogenesis and blood granulocyte number. Eur J Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(97)84589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Mlekodaj S, Kupis W, Rudziński P, Bogdan J. [Surgical treatment of tumor metastasis to the lung]. Wiad Lek 1997; 50 Suppl 1 Pt 1:168-170. [PMID: 9446347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Mlekodaj
- Kliniki Chirurgii Instytutu Gruźlicy i Chorób Płuc w Warszawie
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24
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Wagner WN, Bogdan J, Haines D, Townsend HG, Misra V. Detection of equine herpesvirus and differentiation of equine herpesvirus type 1 from type 4 by the polymerase chain reaction. Can J Microbiol 1992; 38:1193-6. [PMID: 1335829 DOI: 10.1139/m92-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although both equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) can be associated with respiratory disease, epizootics caused by EHV-1 are much more serious because the virus can cause abortions and paralysis. It is, therefore, important to identify the type of EHV involved in an outbreak by a test that is quick, sensitive, and reliable. We have adapted the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and distinguish between EHV-1 and EHV-4 in the same reaction. Primers for PCR were designed from the sequences of the glycoprotein B genes of EHV-1 and EHV-4. The PCR products derived from EHV-1 and EHV-4 were 135 and 326 base pairs, respectively, and could be readily separated by electrophoresis. The identity of the PCR products was confirmed by determining their nucleotide sequence, which agreed with the published sequence of the gB genes. The test could be performed directly on virus pelleted from small volumes (300 microL) of medium in which nasal swabs were transported and did not rely on the presence of infectious virus. The PCR was unaffected by conditions that reduced the infectivity of a virus preparation by 99%. The PCR detected EHV-4 in 5 of 10 nasal mucous samples taken from an outbreak of respiratory disease in race horses. Virus isolation in indicator cells was successful in detecting virus in four of the five samples positive by PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Wagner
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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25
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Spinola SM, Griffiths GE, Bogdan J, Menegus MA. Characterization of an 18,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein of Haemophilus ducreyi that contains a conserved surface-exposed epitope. Infect Immun 1992; 60:385-91. [PMID: 1370430 PMCID: PMC257640 DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.2.385-391.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of antigenically conserved surface components of Haemophilus ducreyi may facilitate the development of reagents to diagnose and prevent chancroid. A hybridoma derived from a mouse immunized with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae produced a monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated 3B9, that bound to 35 of 35 H. ducreyi strains isolated from diverse geographic regions. The MAb 3B9 bound to a non-heat-modifiable H. ducreyi outer membrane protein (OMP) whose apparent molecular weight was 18,000 (the 18K OMP), and the 3B9 epitope did not phase vary at a rate of greater than 10(-3) in H. ducreyi. In immunoelectron microscopy, the 3B9 epitope was surface exposed, and there was intrastrain and interstrain variability in the amount of 3B9 labelling of whole cells. The MAb 3B9 cross-reacted with many species of the family Pasteurellaceae and bound to the 16.6K peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (P6 or PAL) of H. influenzae. Unlike P6, the 18K OMP did not copurify with peptidoglycan. In Western blots (immunoblots), five of seven serum samples obtained from patients with chancroid and four of five serum samples obtained from patients with other genital ulcer diseases at the time of presentation contained antibodies that bound to the 18K OMP. In a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, four of these serum samples inhibited the binding of 3B9 to H. ducreyi by more than 50%. We conclude that members of Pasteurellaceae expressed a conserved epitope on OMPs that sometimes had different physical characteristics. Patients with chancroid usually have antibodies to the 18K OMP and the 3B9 epitope that may have resulted from infection with H. ducreyi or previous exposure to other Haemophilus or Actinobacillus sp. strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Spinola
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo 14215
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26
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Halweg H, Krakówka P, Wierzbicka M, Pelczarska B, Bogdan J, Bestry I, Podsiadło B. [Bacterial infections in pulmonary aspergilloma]. Pneumonol Pol 1989; 57:29-37. [PMID: 2813148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
28 cavernoscopies were carried out in 26 patients. Complete or partial removal of mycetomas was achieved in 18 patients with 20 caverns. Under aerobic conditions Aspergillus fumigatus was cultured from the 28 removed mycetomas in 22 cases (78.6%) and bacterial organisms in 20 (71.4%). Bacteria were isolated from mycetomas that had demonstrable A. fumigatus organisms as well as from those that did not have them. In all infected mycetomas Gram negative rods were cultured, in only 4 cases Gram (+) cocci were found. Only in two cases of mycetomas under anaerobic conditions Gram (+) cocci were cultured. In most patients the organism could be demonstrated in sputum as well as in mycetomas. In 18 patients the pathogenic organism disappeared from sputum after removal of mycetomas. Also following removal of aspergillomas a decrease of sputum production was noted and it changed its character from purulent to mucoid.
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27
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Lesnik F, Chudý D, Bogdan J, Vrtiak OJ, Rudic M. [Testing the immunogenicity of the dermal antigen in Marek's disease virus]. VET MED-CZECH 1978; 23:421-30. [PMID: 209603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was performed to study the immunogenicity of the dermal antigen of Marek's disease virus, extracted from the skin of 30-day-old chickens, infected with Marek's disease virus on the first day of life. Three kinds of samples were tested: (1) dermal antigen centrifuged at 10 000 g per 0.5 h, (2) dermal antigen centrifugated at 10 000 g per 0.5 h and 100 000 g per 1 h, (3) dermal antigen treated like sample (2) and partly purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Samples (1) and (2) were inoculated to two-day-old chickens and the vaccination was repeated, using complete Freund's adjuvant, 21 days later. Sample (3) was inoculated to two-day-old chickens with DEAE-dextran. All the three groups were challenged together with the controls (non-vaccinated chickens) on the seventh day after the first vaccination. A reduction of mortality was observed in the chickens vaccinated with and re-vaccinated with sample (1) (23.07%) and in the chickens vaccinated with sample (3) (30.76%). The chickens of the latter group were the last to start dying from Marek's disease--only after the 10th week of life. In the chickens which had been vaccinated and revaccinated with sample (2) the mortality was not reduced. The study is continued, with particular emphasis on the relationship of DEAE-dextran to protection against Marek's disease.
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28
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Bogdan J, Sokol A, Novák M, Sevcik A. [Several morphologic signs of the reactivity of swine fetuses]. VET MED-CZECH 1974; 19:617-24. [PMID: 4218671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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29
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Bogdan J. [Intrapulmonary lymphoid tissue of the pigs after vaccination and challenge against swine plague]. VET MED-CZECH 1972; 17:3-11. [PMID: 4623806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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30
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Bogdan J, Vrtiak OJ, Polony R, Pauer T. Dynamics of immunomorphological changes in the organs of chickens after immunization with BPL vaccine and after challenge with fowl plague virus. Bull Off Int Epizoot 1968; 69:725-44. [PMID: 4309689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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