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Tripathi DK, Bhat JA, Ahmad P, Allakhverdiev SI. Polyamines and nitric oxide crosstalk in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. Funct Plant Biol 2023; 50:i-iv. [PMID: 36734992 DOI: 10.1071/fp22170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) and nitric oxide (NO) are crucial signalling molecules that exhibit a promising role in improving stress tolerance in plants, maintaining their growth and development. They act as protecting agents for plants through activation of stress adaptation strategies such as membrane stabilisation, acid neutralisation and suppression of ROS generation. NO interacts with PAs during several developmental processes and stress responses. External supplementation of PAs to plants is also reported to cause an increase in NO content. However, it is unclear whether PAs promote synthesis of NO by either as substrates, cofactors, or signals. Impact of NO on synthesis of PAs has been also reported in some studies, yet the exact governing mechanisms of the interrelation between NO and PAs is currently obscure. Understanding the crosstalk between PAs and NO during growth and stress condition in plants can aid in providing better tolerance to plants against stressful environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh K Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture (AIOA), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russian Federation
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Rai GK, Bhat BA, Mushtaq M, Tariq L, Rai PK, Basu U, Dar AA, Islam ST, Dar TUH, Bhat JA. Insights into decontamination of soils by phytoremediation: A detailed account on heavy metal toxicity and mitigation strategies. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:287-304. [PMID: 33864701 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the current era of rapid industrialization, the foremost challenge is the management of industrial wastes. Activities such as mining and industrialization spill over a large quantity of toxic waste that pollutes soil, water, and air. This poses a major environmental and health challenge. The toxic heavy metals present in the soil and water are entering the food chain, which in turn causes severe health hazards. Environmental clean-up and reclamation of heavy metal contaminated soil and water are very important, and it necessitates efforts of environmentalists, industrialists, scientists, and policymakers. Phytoremediation is a plant-based approach to remediate heavy metal/organic pollutant contaminated soil and water in an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and permanent way. This review covers the effect of heavy metal toxicity on plant growth and physiological process, the concept of heavy metal accumulation, detoxification, and the mechanisms of tolerance in plants. Based on plants' ability to uptake heavy metals and metabolize them within tissues, phytoremediation techniques have been classified into six types: phytoextraction, phytoimmobilization, phytovolatilization, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, and rhizodegradation. The development of research in this area led to the identification of metal hyper-accumulators, which could be utilized for reclamation of contaminated soil through phytomining. Concurrently, breeding and biotechnological approaches can enhance the remediation efficiency. Phytoremediation technology, combined with other reclamation technologies/practices, can provide clean soil and water to the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanendra K Rai
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Basharat A Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muntazir Mushtaq
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Lubna Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, BGSB University, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pradeep K Rai
- Advance Center for Horticulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Umer Basu
- Division of Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Aejaz A Dar
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Sheikh T Islam
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tanvir U H Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, BGSB University, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Aleem M, Raza MM, Haider MS, Atif RM, Ali Z, Bhat JA, Zhao T. Comprehensive RNA-seq analysis revealed molecular pathways and genes associated with drought tolerance in wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.). Physiol Plant 2021; 172:707-732. [PMID: 32984966 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress at the germination stage is an important environmental stress limiting crop yield. Hence, our study investigated comparative root transcriptome profiles of four contrasting soybean genotypes viz., drought-tolerant (PI342618B/DTP and A214/DTL) and drought-sensitive (NN86-4/DSP and A195/DSL) under drought stress using RNA-Seq approach. A total of 4850 and 6272 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in tolerant (DTP and DTL) and sensitive (DSP and DSL) genotypes, respectively. Principle component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis revealed higher correlation between DTP and DTL. Both gene ontology (GO) and MapMan analyses showed that the drought response was enriched in DEGs associated with water and auxin transport, cell wall/membrane, antioxidant activity, catalytic activity, secondary metabolism, signaling and transcription factor (TF) activities. Out of 981 DEGs screened from above terms, only 547 showed consistent opposite expression between contrasting genotypes. Twenty-eight DEGs of 547 were located on Chr.08 rich in QTLs and "Hotspot regions" associated with drought stress, and eight of them showed non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism. Hence, 10 genes (including above eight genes plus two hub genes) were predicated as possible candidates regulating drought tolerance, which needs further functional validation. Overall, the transcriptome profiling provided in-depth understanding about the genetic mechanism and candidate genes underlying drought tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqadas Aleem
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad M Raza
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad S Haider
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rana M Atif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Senan AM, Yin B, Zhang Y, Nasiru MM, Lyu YM, Umair M, Bhat JA, Zhang S, Liu L. Efficient and selective catalytic hydroxylation of unsaturated plant oils: a novel method for producing anti-pathogens. BMC Chem 2021; 15:20. [PMID: 33781309 PMCID: PMC8008645 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing demand for antimicrobial agents and the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogens, the exploitation of plant oils to partly replace antibiotic emerges as an important source of fine chemicals, functional food utility and pharmaceutical industries. This work introduces a novel catalytic method of plant oils hydroxylation by Fe(III) citrate monohydrate (Fe3+-cit.)/Na2S2O8 catalyst. Methyl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate (ML) was selected as an example of vegetable oils hydroxylation to its hydroxy-conjugated derivatives (CHML) in the presence of a new complex of Fe(II)-species. Methyl 9,12-di-hydroxyoctadecanoate 1, methyl-9-hydroxyoctadecanoate 2 and methyl (10E,12E)-octadecanoate 3 mixtures is produced under optimized condition with oxygen balloon. The specific hydroxylation activity was lower in the case of using Na2S2O8 alone as a catalyst. A chemical reaction has shown the main process converted of plantoils hydroxylation and (+ 16 Da) of OH- attached at the methyl linoleate (ML-OH). HPLC and MALDI-ToF-mass spectrometry were employed for determining the obtained products. It was found that adding oxidizing agents (Na2S2O8) to Fe3+ in the MeCN mixture with H2O would generate the new complex of Fe(II)-species, which improves the C-H activation. Hence, the present study demonstrated a new functional method for better usage of vegetable oils.Producing conjugated hydroxy-fatty acids/esters with better antipathogenic properties. CHML used in food industry, It has a potential pathway to food safety and packaging process with good advantages, fundamental to microbial resistance. Lastly, our findings showed that biological monitoring of CHML-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) inhibited growth of various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in vitro study. The produced CHML profiles were comparable to the corresponding to previousstudies and showed improved the inhibition efficiency over the respective kanamycin derivatives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Senan
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Binru Yin
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Mustapha M Nasiru
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Mei Lyu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Karikari B, Bhat JA, Denwar NN, Zhao T. Exploring the genetic base of the soybean germplasm from Africa, America and Asia as well as mining of beneficial allele for flowering and seed weight. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:195. [PMID: 32296618 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity is the foundation for any breeding program. The present study analyzed the genetic base of 163 soybean genotypes from three continents viz. Africa, America and Asia using 68 trait-linked simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. The average number of alleles among the germplasm from the three continents followed the trend as Asia (9) > America (8) > Africa (7). Similar trends were observed for gene diversity (0.76 > 0.74 > 0.71) and polymorphism information content (PIC) (0.73 > 0.71 > 0.68). These findings revealed that soybean germplasm from Asia has wider genetic base followed by America, and least in Africa. The 163 genotypes were grouped into 4 clusters by phylogenetic analysis, whereas model-based population structure analysis also divided them into 4 subpopulations comprising 80.61% pure lines and 19.39% admixtures. The genotypes from Africa were easily distinguished from those of other two continents using phylogenetic analysis, indicating important role of geographyical differentiation for this genetic variability. Our results indicated that soybean germplasm has moved from Asia to America, and from America to Africa. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed 8.41% variation among the four subpopulations, whereas 63.12% and 28.47% variation existed among and within individuals in the four subpopulations, respectively. Based on the association mapping, a total of 21 SSR markers showed significant association with days to flowering (DoF) and 100-seed weight (HSW). Two markers Satt365 and Satt581 on chromosome 6 and 10, respectively, showed pleiotropic effect or linkage on both traits. Genotype A50 (Gakuran Daizu/PI 506679) from Japan has 8 out of the 13 beneficial alleles for increased HSW. The diverse genotypes, polymorphic SSR markers and desirable alleles identified for DoF and HSW will be used in future breeding programs to improve reproductive, yield and quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Karikari
- 1MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Centre for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- 1MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Centre for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Nicholas N Denwar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- 1MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Centre for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Shivaraj SM, Vats S, Bhat JA, Dhakte P, Goyal V, Khatri P, Kumawat S, Singh A, Prasad M, Sonah H, Sharma TR, Deshmukh R. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide crosstalk during heavy metal stress in plants. Physiol Plant 2020; 168:437-455. [PMID: 31587278 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gases such as ethylene, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) have been recognized as vital signaling molecules in plants and animals. Of these gasotransmitters, NO and H2 S have recently gained momentum mainly because of their involvement in numerous cellular processes. It is therefore important to study their various attributes including their biosynthetic and signaling pathways. The present review provides an insight into various routes for the biosynthesis of NO and H2 S as well as their signaling role in plant cells under different conditions, more particularly under heavy metal stress. Their beneficial roles in the plant's protection against abiotic and biotic stresses as well as their adverse effects have been addressed. This review describes how H2 S and NO, being very small-sized molecules, can quickly pass through the cell membranes and trigger a multitude of responses to various factors, notably to various stress conditions such as drought, heat, osmotic, heavy metal and multiple biotic stresses. The versatile interactions between H2 S and NO involved in the different molecular pathways have been discussed. In addition to the signaling role of H2 S and NO, their direct role in posttranslational modifications is also considered. The information provided here will be helpful to better understand the multifaceted roles of H2 S and NO in plants, particularly under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheelavanta M Shivaraj
- Département de phytologie, University Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanskriti Vats
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- Soybean Research Institution, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Sheng, China
| | - Priyanka Dhakte
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Goyal
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, India
| | - Praveen Khatri
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Surbhi Kumawat
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Akshay Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Tilak R Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
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Zargar SM, Mahajan R, Bhat JA, Nazir M, Deshmukh R. Role of silicon in plant stress tolerance: opportunities to achieve a sustainable cropping system. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:73. [PMID: 30800584 PMCID: PMC6368905 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) being considered as a non-essential element for plant growth and development finds its role in providing several benefits to the plant, especially under stress conditions. Thus, Si can be regarded as "multi-talented" quasi-essential element. It is the most abundant element present in the earth's crust after oxygen predominantly as a silicon dioxide (SiO2), a form plants cannot utilize. Plants take up Si into their root from the soil in the plant-available forms (PAF) such as silicic acid or mono silicic acid [Si(OH)4 or H4SiO4]. Nevertheless, besides being abundantly available, the PAF of Si in the soil is mostly a limiting factor. To improve Si-uptake and derived benefits therein in plants, understanding the molecular basis of Si-uptake and transport within the tissues has great importance. Numerous Si-transporters (influx and efflux) have been identified in both monocot and dicot plants. A difference in the root anatomy of both monocot and dicot plants leads to a difference in the Si-uptake mechanism. In the present review, Si-transporters identified in different species, their evolution and the Si-uptake mechanism have been addressed. Further, the role of Si in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance has been discussed. The information provided here will help to plan the research in a better way to develop more sustainable cropping system by harnessing Si-derived benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K 190025 India
| | - Reetika Mahajan
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu, J&K 180009 India
| | - Javaid A. Bhat
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu, J&K 180009 India
| | - Muslima Nazir
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K 190025 India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab India
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Mir ZA, Ali S, Tyagi A, Ali A, Bhat JA, Jaiswal P, Qari HA, Oves M. Degradation and conversion of endosulfan by newly isolated Pseudomonas mendocina ZAM1 strain. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:211. [PMID: 28667651 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosulfan contamination is one of the major concerns of soil ecosystem, which causes detrimental effects not only to humans but also to animals and plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify a novel bacterial strain capable of degrading endosulfan in agriculture contaminated soils. A novel bacterial strain was isolated from the sugarcane field contaminated with endosulfan, and was named as ZAM1 strain. The ZAM1 bacterial strain was further identified as Pseudomonas mendocina based on the biochemical and molecular analysis. 16sRNA sequence analysis of ZAM1 strain shows maximum similarity with known endosulfan-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonas putida), respectively. Enrichment was carried out using the endosulfan as sole sulfur source. The ZAM1 strain was able to use α and β endosulfan as a sole sulfur source. Our results showed that ZAM1 strain degrades endosulfan >64.5% (50 mg/l) after 12 days of incubation. The residues were analyzed by GC-MS analysis and confirmed the formation of metabolites of dieldrin, 2 heptanone, methyl propionate, and endosulfan lactone compounds. Hence, these results indicate that the ZAM1 strain is a promising bacterial source for detoxification of endosulfan residues in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor A Mir
- MSCAS College of Arts and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sajad Ali
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajaz Ali
- St Xavier's College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- Department of Genetics, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Praful Jaiswal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Huda A Qari
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Shivaraj SM, Deshmukh R, Bhat JA, Sonah H, Bélanger RR. Understanding Aquaporin Transport System in Eelgrass ( Zostera marina L.), an Aquatic Plant Species. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1334. [PMID: 28824671 PMCID: PMC5541012 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a class of integral membrane proteins involved in the transport of water and many other small solutes. The AQPs have been extensively studied in many land species obtaining water and nutrients from the soil, but their distribution and evolution have never been investigated in aquatic plant species, where solute assimilation is mostly through the leaves. In this regard, identification of AQPs in the genome of Zostera marina L. (eelgrass), an aquatic ecological model species could reveal important differences underlying solute uptake between land and aquatic species. In the present study, genome-wide analysis led to the identification of 25 AQPs belonging to four subfamilies, plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) in eelgrass. As in other monocots, the XIP subfamily was found to be absent from the eelgrass genome. Further classification of subfamilies revealed a unique distribution pattern, namely the loss of the NIP2 (NIP-III) subgroup, which is known for silicon (Si) transport activity and ubiquitously present in monocot species. This finding has great importance, since the eelgrass population stability in natural niche is reported to be associated with Si concentrations in water. In addition, analysis of available RNA-seq data showed evidence of expression in 24 out of the 25 AQPs across four different tissues such as root, vegetative tissue, male flower and female flower. In contrast to land plants, higher expression of PIPs was observed in shoot compared to root tissues. This is likely explained by the unique plant architecture of eelgrass where most of the nutrients and water are absorbed by shoot rather than root tissues. Similarly, higher expression of the TIP1 and TIP5 families was observed specifically in male flowers suggesting a role in pollen maturation. This genome-wide analysis of AQP distribution, evolution and expression dynamics can find relevance in understanding the adaptation of aquatic and land species to their respective environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Shivaraj
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Département de Phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, QuébecQC, Canada
| | - Javaid A. Bhat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, The Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- Département de Phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, QuébecQC, Canada
| | - Richard R. Bélanger
- Département de Phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, QuébecQC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Richard R. Bélanger,
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Ali S, Mir ZA, Tyagi A, Mehari H, Meena RP, Bhat JA, Yadav P, Papalou P, Rawat S, Grover A. Overexpression of NPR1 in Brassica juncea Confers Broad Spectrum Resistance to Fungal Pathogens. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1693. [PMID: 29046679 PMCID: PMC5632730 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) is a commercially important oil seed crop, which is highly affected by many biotic stresses. Among them, Alternaria leaf blight and powdery mildew are the most devastating diseases leading to huge yield losses in B. juncea around the world. In this regard, genetic engineering is a promising tool that may possibly allow us to enhance the B. juncea disease resistance against these pathogens. NPR1 (non-expressor of pathogen-related gene 1) is a bonafide receptor of salicylic acid (SA) which modulates multiple immune responses in plants especially activation of induced and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Here, we report the isolation and characterization of new NPR1 homolog (BjNPR1) from B. juncea. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the deduced sequence of BjNPR1 with homologs from other species revealed that BjNPR1 grouped together with other known NPR1 proteins of Cruciferae family, and was nearest to B. napus. Furthermore, expression analysis showed that BjNPR1 was upregulated after SA treatment and fungal infection but not by jasmonic acid or abscisic acid. To understand the defensive role of this gene, we generated B. juncea transgenic lines overexpressing BjNPR1, and further confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting. The transgenic lines showed no phenotypic abnormalities, and constitutive expression of BjNPR1 activates defense signaling pathways by priming the expression of antifungal PR genes. Moreover, BjNPR1 transgenic lines showed enhanced resistance to Alternaria brassicae and Erysiphe cruciferarum as there was delay in symptoms and reduced disease severity than non-transgenic plants. In addition, the rate of disease spreading to uninfected or distal parts was also delayed in transgenic plants thus suggesting the activation of SAR. Altogether, the present study suggests that BjNPR1 is involved in broad spectrum of disease resistance against fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ali
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Zahoor A. Mir
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Hailay Mehari
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Javaid A. Bhat
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Yadav
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sandhya Rawat
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Grover
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Anita Grover,
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Bhat JA, Ali S, Salgotra RK, Mir ZA, Dutta S, Jadon V, Tyagi A, Mushtaq M, Jain N, Singh PK, Singh GP, Prabhu KV. Genomic Selection in the Era of Next Generation Sequencing for Complex Traits in Plant Breeding. Front Genet 2016; 7:221. [PMID: 28083016 PMCID: PMC5186759 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic selection (GS) is a promising approach exploiting molecular genetic markers to design novel breeding programs and to develop new markers-based models for genetic evaluation. In plant breeding, it provides opportunities to increase genetic gain of complex traits per unit time and cost. The cost-benefit balance was an important consideration for GS to work in crop plants. Availability of genome-wide high-throughput, cost-effective and flexible markers, having low ascertainment bias, suitable for large population size as well for both model and non-model crop species with or without the reference genome sequence was the most important factor for its successful and effective implementation in crop species. These factors were the major limitations to earlier marker systems viz., SSR and array-based, and was unimaginable before the availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies which have provided novel SNP genotyping platforms especially the genotyping by sequencing. These marker technologies have changed the entire scenario of marker applications and made the use of GS a routine work for crop improvement in both model and non-model crop species. The NGS-based genotyping have increased genomic-estimated breeding value prediction accuracies over other established marker platform in cereals and other crop species, and made the dream of GS true in crop breeding. But to harness the true benefits from GS, these marker technologies will be combined with high-throughput phenotyping for achieving the valuable genetic gain from complex traits. Moreover, the continuous decline in sequencing cost will make the WGS feasible and cost effective for GS in near future. Till that time matures the targeted sequencing seems to be more cost-effective option for large scale marker discovery and GS, particularly in case of large and un-decoded genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid A Bhat
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
| | - Sajad Ali
- National Research Centre for Plant Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Romesh K Salgotra
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu Chatha, India
| | - Zahoor A Mir
- National Research Centre for Plant Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Sutapa Dutta
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
| | - Vasudha Jadon
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- National Research Centre for Plant Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Muntazir Mushtaq
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu Chatha, India
| | - Neelu Jain
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep K Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
| | - Gyanendra P Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
| | - K V Prabhu
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, India
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Fomda BA, Thokar MA, Khan A, Bhat JA, Zahoor D, Bashir G, Majid A, Ray P. Nasal carriage of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthy population of Kashmir, India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2014; 32:39-43. [PMID: 24399386 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.124296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal colonisation with community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is being increasingly reported, especially in places where people are in close contact and where hygiene is compromised. The aim of this study was to find out prevalence of methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) colonising anterior nares of healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nasal swabs of healthy subjects were collected aseptically and cultured using standard microbiological protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. Methicillin resistance was detected by cefoxitin disc diffusion method and confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and amplification of mecA gene by PCR. Strain typing of MRSA strains was done by PFGE. RESULTS Out of 820 samples, S.aureus was isolated from 229 (27.92%) subjects. Of the 229 isolates, 15 were methicillin resistant. All S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin. Nasal carriage of MRSA was found to be 1.83% among healthy population. The isolates were found to be polyclonal by PFGE analysis. CONCLUSION High prevalence of MRSA is a cause of concern and strategies to interrupt transmission should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Fomda
- Department of Microbiology, Sher i Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
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Fomda BA, Charoo BA, Bhat JA, Reyaz N, Maroof P, Naik MI. Recurrent meningitis due to Salmonella enteritidis: a case report from Kashmir India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013. [PMID: 23183477 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent bacterial meningitis in children is potentially life-threatening and induces psychological trauma to the patients through repeated hospitalization. Here we report a case of recurrent meningitis in a one month old baby. The CSF and blood culture grew Salmonella enteritidis. Injection ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were given for 3 weeks. Baby became symptomatically better and was afebrile at discharge. Twenty eight days after discharge baby got readmitted with complaints of fever and refusal of feeds. Blood and CSF culture again showed growth of Salmonella enteritidis. Physicians should be educated about the possibility of recurrence which may occur days or even weeks after apparent successful antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Fomda
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, India
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