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Olivares-Silva F, De Gregorio N, Espitia-Corredor J, Espinoza C, Vivar R, Silva D, Osorio JM, Lavandero S, Peiró C, Sánchez-Ferrer C, Díaz-Araya G. Resolvin-D1 attenuation of angiotensin II-induced cardiac inflammation in mice is associated with prevention of cardiac remodeling and hypertension. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166241. [PMID: 34400298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite the broad pharmacological arsenal to treat hypertension, chronic patients may develop irreversible cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. Angiotensin II, the main peptide responsible for the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System, has been closely linked to cardiac remodeling, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and hypertension, and some of these effects are induced by inflammatory mediators. Resolvin-D1 (RvD1) elicits potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects in various pathological models. In this study, we aimed to examine whether RvD1 ameliorates cardiac remodeling and hypertension triggered by angiotensin II. METHODS AND RESULTS Alzet® osmotic mini-pumps filled with angiotensin II (1.5 mg/kg/day) were implanted in male C57BL/6 J mice for 7 or 14 days. RvD1 (3 μg/kg/day, i.p) was administered one day after the surgery and during the complete infusion period. Blood pressure and myocardial functional parameters were assessed by echocardiography. At the end of the experimental procedure, blood and heart tissue were harvested, and plasma and histological parameters were studied. After 7 and 14 days, RvD1 reduced the increase of neutrophil and macrophage infiltration triggered by angiotensin II, and also reduced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression levels. RvD1 also reduced cytokine plasma levels (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, KC, MCP-1), cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial and perivascular fibrosis, and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS This study unveils novel cardioprotective effects of RvD1 in angiotensin II-induced hypertension and cardiac remodeling by attenuating inflammation and provides insights into a potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Olivares-Silva
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole De Gregorio
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenaro Espitia-Corredor
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Spain
| | - Claudio Espinoza
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Silva
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Miguel Osorio
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Concepción Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Spain
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Spain
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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2
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Salas-Hernández A, Ruz-Cortés F, Bruggendieck F, Espinoza-Perez C, Espitia-Corredor J, Varela NM, Quiñones LA, Sánchez-Ferrer C, Peiró C, Díaz-Araya G. Resolvin D1 reduces expression and secretion of cytokines and monocyte adhesion triggered by Angiotensin II, in rat cardiac fibroblasts. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111947. [PMID: 34328122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CF) play an important role in the healing process and in pathological remodeling of cardiac tissue. As sentinel cells in the heart, they respond to inflammatory stimuli, expressing cytokines and cell adhesion proteins, which ultimately lead to increased recruitment of monocytes and enhancement of the inflammatory response. Angiotensin II (Ang II) triggers an inflammatory response, leading to cardiac tissue remodeling. On the other hand, RvD1 has been shown to contribute to the resolution of inflammation; however, its role in Ang II-treated CF has not been addressed until now. The present research aimed to study the effect of RvD1 on cytokine levels, cell adhesion proteins expression in a model of Ang II-triggered inflammatory response. CF from adult Sprague Dawley rats were used to study mRNA and protein levels of MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-a, IL-10, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1; and adhesion of spleen mononuclear cells to CF after Ang II stimulation. Our results show that Ang II increased IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-a mRNA levels, but only increased IL-6 and MCP-1 protein levels. These effects were blocked by Losartan, but not by PD123369. Moreover, RvD1 was able to prevent all Ang II effects in CF. Additionally, RvD1 reduced the intracellular Ca2+ increase triggered by Ang II, indicating that RvD1 acts in an early manner to block Ang II signaling. Conclusion: our findings confirm the pro-resolutive effects of inflammation by RvD1, which at the cardiovascular level, could contribute to repair damaged cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimeé Salas-Hernández
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Drug Dependence, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | - Felipe Ruz-Cortés
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Bruggendieck
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Espinoza-Perez
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenaro Espitia-Corredor
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nelson M Varela
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department de Basic-Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Quiñones
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department de Basic-Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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3
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Parra-Flores P, Espitia-Corredor J, Espinoza-Pérez C, Queirolo C, Ayala P, Brüggendieck F, Salas-Hernández A, Pardo-Jiménez V, Díaz-Araya G. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation Prevents Rat Cardiac Fibroblast Death Induced by Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:660197. [PMID: 34169098 PMCID: PMC8217466 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.660197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Death of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) has major implications for cardiac wound healing. In in vivo models of myocardial infarction, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation has been reported as a cardioprotector; however, it remains unknown whether TLR4 activation can prevent CF death triggered by simulated I/R (sI/R). In this study, we analyzed TLR4 activation in neonate CFs exposed to an in vitro model of sI/R and explored the participation of the pro-survival kinases Akt and ERK1/2. Simulated ischemia was performed in a free oxygen chamber in an ischemic medium, whereas reperfusion was carried out in normal culture conditions. Cell viability was analyzed by trypan blue exclusion and the MTT assay. Necrotic and apoptotic cell populations were evaluated by flow cytometry. Protein levels of phosphorylated forms of Akt and ERK1/2 were analyzed by Western blot. We showed that sI/R triggers CF death by necrosis and apoptosis. In CFs exposed only to simulated ischemia or only to sI/R, blockade of the TLR4 with TAK-242 further reduced cell viability and the activation of Akt and ERK1/2. Preconditioning with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or treatment with LPS in ischemia or reperfusion was not protective. However, LPS incubation during both ischemia and reperfusion periods prevented CF viability loss induced by sI/R. Furthermore, LPS treatment reduced the sub-G1 population, but not necrosis of CFs exposed to sI/R. On the other hand, the protective effects exhibited by LPS were abolished when TLR4 was blocked and Akt and ERK1/2 were inhibited. In conclusion, our results suggest that TLR4 activation protects CFs from apoptosis induced by sI/R through the activation of Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Parra-Flores
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenaro Espitia-Corredor
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Espinoza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Queirolo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Ayala
- Departamento de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Brüggendieck
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aimee Salas-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacodependence, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Viviana Pardo-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Olivares-Silva F, Espitia-Corredor J, Letelier A, Vivar R, Parra-Flores P, Olmedo I, Montenegro J, Pardo-Jiménez V, Díaz-Araya G. TGF-β1 decreases CHOP expression and prevents cardiac fibroblast apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 70:105041. [PMID: 33127435 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a cytokine with marked pro-fibrotic action on cardiac fibroblasts (CF). TGF-β1 induces CF-to-cardiac myofibroblast (CMF) differentiation, defined by an increase in α-smooth muscle cells (α-SMA), collagen secretion and it has a cytoprotective effect against stimuli that induce apoptosis. In the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) lumen, misfolded protein accumulation triggers ER stress and induces apoptosis, and this process plays a critical role in cell death mediated by Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury and by ER stress inducers, such as Tunicamycin (Tn). Here, we studied the regulation of CHOP, a proapoptotic ER-stress-related transcription factor in CF under simulated I/R (sI/R) or exposed to Tn. Even though TGF-β1 has been shown to participate in ER stress, its regulatory effect on CF apoptosis and ER stress-induced by sI/R or TN has not been evaluated yet. CF from neonatal rats were exposed to sI/R, and cell death was evaluated by cell count and apoptosis by flow cytometry. ER stress was assessed by western blot against CHOP. Our results evidenced that sI/R (8/24) h or Tn triggers CF apoptosis and an increase in CHOP protein levels. TGF-β1 pre-treatment partially prevented apoptosis induced by sI/R or Tn. Furthermore, TGF-β1 pre-treatment completely prevented CHOP increase by sI/R or Tn. Additionally, we found a decrease in α-SMA expression induced by sI/R and in collagen secretion induced by Tn, which were not prevented by TGF-β1 treatment. In conclusion, TGF-β1 partially protects CF apoptosis induced by sI/R or Tn, through a mechanism that would involve ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Olivares-Silva
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Espitia-Corredor
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Letelier
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Vivar
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Parra-Flores
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - I Olmedo
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Montenegro
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - V Pardo-Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Díaz-Araya
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro FONDAP Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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5
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Salas-Hernández A, Espinoza-Pérez C, Vivar R, Espitia-Corredor J, Lillo J, Parra-Flores P, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Peiró C, Díaz-Araya G. Resolvin D1 and E1 promote resolution of inflammation in rat cardiac fibroblast in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:57-66. [PMID: 33459958 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) have a key role in the inflammatory response after cardiac injury and are necessary for wound healing. Resolvins are potent agonists that control the duration and magnitude of inflammation. They decrease mediators of pro-inflammatory expression, reduce neutrophil migration to inflammation sites, promote the removal of microbes and apoptotic cells, and reduce exudate. However, whether resolvins can prevent pro-inflammatory-dependent effects in CFs is unknown. Thus, the present work was addressed to study whether resolvin D1 and E1 (RvD1 and RvE1) can prevent pro-inflammatory effects on CFs after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. For this, CFs were stimulated with LPS, in the presence or absence of RvD1 or RvE1, to analyze its effects on intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), monocyte adhesion and the cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Our results showed that CFs are expressing ALX/FPR2 and ChemR23, RvD1 and RvE1 receptors, respectively. RvD1 and RvE1 prevent the increase of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein levels and the adhesion of spleen mononuclear cells to CFs induced by LPS. Finally, RvD1, but not RvE1, prevents the LPS-induced increase of IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-10. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that in CFs, RvD1 and RvE1 might actively participate in the prevention of inflammatory response triggered by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimeé Salas-Hernández
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacodependence, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Claudio Espinoza-Pérez
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenaro Espitia-Corredor
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Lillo
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Parra-Flores
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos F Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile. .,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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