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Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Denys A, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Baker D, Bignall E, Blair I, Davis P, Edwards T, Jackson K, Leendertse PG, Love-Mott E, MacKenzie L, Martens F, Meredith D, Nettleton SE, Trotman MP, van Hecke JJM, Weemaes AMJ, Abecasis N, Angenete E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Barton D, Baseckas G, Beggs A, Brown K, Buchwald P, Burling D, Burns E, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Chang GJ, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Daniels IR, Denost QD, Drozdov E, Eglinton T, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Flatmark K, Folkesson J, Frizelle FA, Gallego MA, Gil-Moreno A, Goffredo P, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris DA, Iversen LH, Kandaswamy GV, Kazi M, Kelly ME, Kokelaar R, Kusters M, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Mann C, McDermott FD, Monson JRT, Neeff H, Negoi I, Ng JL, Nicolaou M, Palmer G, Parnaby C, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Quyn A, Rogers A, Rothbarth J, Abu Saadeh F, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Smart NJ, Smith T, Sorrentino L, Steele SR, Stitzenberg K, Taylor C, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thorgersen E, Vasquez-Jimenez W, Waller J, Weber K, Wolthuis A, Winter DC, Brangan G, Vimalachandran D, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Damjanovic L, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Duff M, Egger E, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Fleming F, Flor B, Foskett K, Funder J, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Golda T, Gomez CM, Harris C, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock O, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steffens D, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Thaysen HV, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA. The empty pelvis syndrome: a core data set from the PelvEx collaborative. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae042. [PMID: 38456677 PMCID: PMC10921833 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empty pelvis syndrome (EPS) is a significant source of morbidity following pelvic exenteration (PE), but is undefined. EPS outcome reporting and descriptors of radicality of PE are inconsistent; therefore, the best approaches for prevention are unknown. To facilitate future research into EPS, the aim of this study is to define a measurable core outcome set, core descriptor set and written definition for EPS. Consensus on strategies to mitigate EPS was also explored. METHOD Three-stage consensus methodology was used: longlisting with systematic review, healthcare professional event, patient engagement, and Delphi-piloting; shortlisting with two rounds of modified Delphi; and a confirmatory stage using a modified nominal group technique. This included a selection of measurement instruments, and iterative generation of a written EPS definition. RESULTS One hundred and three and 119 participants took part in the modified Delphi and consensus meetings, respectively. This encompassed international patient and healthcare professional representation with multidisciplinary input. Seventy statements were longlisted, seven core outcomes (bowel obstruction, enteroperineal fistula, chronic perineal sinus, infected pelvic collection, bowel obstruction, morbidity from reconstruction, re-intervention, and quality of life), and four core descriptors (magnitude of surgery, radiotherapy-induced damage, methods of reconstruction, and changes in volume of pelvic dead space) reached consensus-where applicable, measurement of these outcomes and descriptors was defined. A written definition for EPS was agreed. CONCLUSIONS EPS is an area of unmet research and clinical need. This study provides an agreed definition and core data set for EPS to facilitate further research.
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Waller J, Bican R, Collichio D, Frey C, Zerkle D, Duffey T, Stanek J, Reader B, Gonzales A, Auletta JJ. Development of a Novel Massage Therapy Outcome Measure for Children and Young Adults Receiving Hematopoietic Cell Transplant. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2023; 16:35-43. [PMID: 37662629 PMCID: PMC10442218 DOI: 10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Children receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) often experience an unfortunate sequalae of negative effects including pain, deconditioning, and anxiety. Massage therapy (MT) has demonstrated effective non-pharmacological management of fatigue, pain, and anxiety in patients undergoing cancer treatment. Existing studies have been limited by the lack of available MT-specific outcome measures to track responses to interventions. Purpose This study aimed to describe the creation of a novel MT-specific outcome measure to be utilized in the pediatric acute-care setting and establish construct validity for this measure to assess clinical effectiveness of MT interventions. Setting An oncology ward at a large pediatric tertiary medical center in the United States. Participants A total of 58 children and young adults undergoing HCT. Research Design Retrospective Cohort Study. Intervention A panel of massage therapists created a novel outcome measure, OMPREP, for use in MT sessions and performed a literature review to ensure face validity of the tool. This outcome measure was administered to patients and data were collected retrospectively to assess construct validity. Results A total of 1,333 MT sessions were completed (80.7% completion rate) with the novel OMPREP outcome measure utilized on 100% of visits. Mean engagement (p<.001), response (p<.001), and pain (p<.001) scores were all significantly greater at evaluation and discharge compared to the lowest observed scores post-HCT. Conclusion The novel MT-specific outcome measure, OMPREP, was feasible and demonstrated construct validity when implemented in a pediatric acute-care setting by massage therapists. This new tool may offer a quantitative measure of MT-interventions and assist in tracking patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Waller
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rachel Bican
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - David Collichio
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Corrie Frey
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deborah Zerkle
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Travis Duffey
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph Stanek
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Biostatistics Resource at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ben Reader
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anne Gonzales
- Division of Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffery J. Auletta
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio and Hematology/Oncology/BMT & Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Battisti N, McGinn M, Ashurst I, Snuggs N, Crimmin J, Cowan-Dickie S, Pessoa Silva M, Eldridge L, Tomlins E, Roe J, Lister S, Grayer J, Stanley P, Mann L, Spurgeon H, Droney J, McGrath S, Hill N, Farthing L, Begum S, Waller J, Bateman E, Kipps E, Sinclair S, Johnston S, Ring A. Evaluating the needs of older adults with cancer: baseline clinical activity and considerations for the development of a Senior Adult Oncology Programme at The Royal Marsden. J Geriatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(21)00424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Hong JSY, Brown KGM, Waller J, Young CJ, Solomon MJ. Author's reply to commentary on "The role of MRI pelvimetry in predicting technical difficulty and outcomes of open and minimally invasive total mesorectal excision: a systematic review". Tech Coloproctol 2021; 25:983. [PMID: 34181153 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J S-Y Hong
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia. .,The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney, Australia. .,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. .,University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - K G M Brown
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia.,The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Waller
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - C J Young
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia.,The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M J Solomon
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia.,The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Jung J, Bollag W, Waller J, Tran S, Baer S, Kheda M, Mohammed A, Padala S, Young L, Siddiqui B. 239 Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and mortality in end stage renal disease. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Siddiquee N, Waller J, Baer S, Kheda M, Mohammed A, Padala S, Siddiqui B, Young L, Tran S, Bollag W. 235 Association of stroke with psoriasis in end-stage renal disease patients. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Bennett KF, Waller J, McBride E, Forster AS, Di Gessa G, Kitchener H, Marlow LAV. Psychosexual distress following routine primary human papillomavirus testing: a longitudinal evaluation within the English Cervical Screening Programme. BJOG 2021; 128:745-754. [PMID: 32783300 PMCID: PMC8432156 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess psychosexual distress over a 12-month period among women receiving different human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytology results in the context of the English HPV primary screening pilot. DESIGN Longitudinal, between-group study. SETTING Five sites in England where primary HPV testing was piloted. POPULATION Women aged 24-65 years (n = 1133) who had taken part in the NHS Cervical Screening Programme. METHODS Women were sent a postal questionnaire soon after receiving their screening results (baseline) and 6 and 12 months later. Data were analysed using linear regression models to compare psychosexual outcomes between groups receiving six possible combinations of HPV and cytology screening results, including a control group with normal cytology and no HPV test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Psychosexual distress, assessed using six items from the Psychosocial Effects of Abnormal Pap Smears Questionnaire (PEAPS-Q). RESULTS At all time points, there was an association between screening result group and psychosexual distress (all P < 0.001). At baseline, mean psychosexual distress score (possible range: 1-5) was significantly higher among women with HPV and normal cytology (B = 1.15, 95% CI 0.96-1.34), HPV and abnormal cytology (B = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.78-1.27) and persistent HPV (B = 0.90, 95% CI 0.70-1.10) compared with the control group (all P < 0.001). At the 6 and 12 month follow ups the pattern of results were similar, but coefficients were smaller. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest receiving an HPV-positive result can cause psychosexual distress, particularly in the short-term. Developing interventions to minimise the psychosexual burden of testing HPV-positive will be essential to avoid unnecessary harm to the millions of women taking part in cervical screening. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Receiving an HPV-positive result following primary HPV testing can cause psychosexual distress, particularly in the short-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- KF Bennett
- Cancer Communication and Screening GroupDepartment of Behavioural Science and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - J Waller
- Cancer Communication and Screening GroupDepartment of Behavioural Science and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Cancer Prevention GroupSchool of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - E McBride
- Cancer Communication and Screening GroupDepartment of Behavioural Science and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - AS Forster
- Cancer Communication and Screening GroupDepartment of Behavioural Science and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - G Di Gessa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - H Kitchener
- Women's Cancer CentreInstitute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - LAV Marlow
- Cancer Communication and Screening GroupDepartment of Behavioural Science and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Cancer Prevention GroupSchool of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Patel MR, Carroll D, Ussery E, Whitham H, Elkins CA, Noble-Wang J, Rasheed JK, Lu X, Lindstrom S, Bowen V, Waller J, Armstrong G, Gerber S, Brooks JT. Performance of Oropharyngeal Swab Testing Compared With Nasopharyngeal Swab Testing for Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019-United States, January 2020-February 2020. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:482-485. [PMID: 33527126 PMCID: PMC7337670 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among 146 nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swab pairs collected ≤7 days after illness onset, Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR) diagnostic results were 95.2% concordant. However, NP swab cycle threshold values were lower (indicating more virus) in 66.7% of concordant-positive pairs, suggesting NP swabs may more accurately detect the amount of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monita R Patel
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Darin Carroll
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily Ussery
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hilary Whitham
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher A Elkins
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Judith Noble-Wang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James Kamile Rasheed
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stephen Lindstrom
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Virginia Bowen
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jessica Waller
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory Armstrong
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Susan Gerber
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John T Brooks
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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9
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Hong JSY, Brown KGM, Waller J, Young CJ, Solomon MJ. The role of MRI pelvimetry in predicting technical difficulty and outcomes of open and minimally invasive total mesorectal excision: a systematic review. Tech Coloproctol 2020; 24:991-1000. [PMID: 32623536 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-020-02274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The difficulty of performing total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer partly relies on the surgeon's subjective assessment of the individual patient's pelvic anatomy and tumour characteristics, which generally influences the choice of platform used (open, laparoscopic, robotic or trans-anal surgery). Recent studies have found associations between several anatomical pelvic measurements and surgical difficulty. The aim of this study was to systematically review existing data reporting the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based pelvic measurements to predict technical difficulty and outcomes of TME, and determine whether pelvimetry could optimise patient-specific selection of a particular surgical approach. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for studies reporting MRI-based pelvic measurements in patients undergoing surgery for rectal cancer, and the effect of these measurements on surgical difficulty. RESULTS Eleven studies reporting the association between MRI-pelvimetry measurements and rectal cancer surgical outcomes were included. Indicators for surgical difficulty used in the included studies were involved circumferential resection margin, longer operative time, incomplete TME, higher blood loss, anastomotic leak, conversion to open surgery and overall complications. Bony pelvic measurements which were associated with increased surgical difficulty in more than one study were a smaller interspinous distance, a smaller intertubercle distance, a smaller pelvic inlet and larger pubic tubercle height. Two studies identified larger mesorectal fat area as a predictor of surgical difficulty. CONCLUSIONS Bony pelvic measurements may predict surgical difficulty during TME, however, use of different indicators of difficulty limit comparison between studies. Early data suggest MRI soft tissue measurements may predict surgical difficulty and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S-Y Hong
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia. .,Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, PO Box M40, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia. .,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. .,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - K G M Brown
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia.,Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, PO Box M40, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Waller
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - C J Young
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia.,Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, PO Box M40, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M J Solomon
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Sydney, Australia.,Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, PO Box M40, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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10
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O'Connor M, Waller J, Gallagher P, O'Donovan B, Clarke N, Keogh I, MacCarthy D, O'Sullivan E, Timon C, Martin C, O'Leary J, Sharp L. Barriers and facilitators to discussing HPV with head and neck cancer patients: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework. Patient Educ Couns 2020; 103:S0738-3991(20)30318-9. [PMID: 32565003 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence of human papillomavirus-associated head and neck cancers (HPV-HNC) is increasing worldwide. Research in other clinical contexts has shown that healthcare professionals (HCPs) can find discussing HPV with patients challenging. However, limited research has been conducted in HNC. This study aimed to investigate barriers and facilitators to, discussing HPV among HCPs caring for patients with HNC in Ireland. METHODS Semi-structured telephone/face-to-face interviews were conducted with HCPs. Barriers and facilitators to discussing HPV with patients were identified using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). RESULTS 20 HCPs (8 clinicians, 3 nurses, 9 allied healthcare professionals) were interviewed. Barriers to discussing HPV included professionals' lack of HPV knowledge, difficulties in talking about sexual issues with patients and lack of privacy to discuss HPV in busy clinic settings. Facilitators included increasing public and patient awareness of the link between HPV and HNC and professional education and skills development. CONCLUSIONS This is the first theoretically informed study to identify barriers and facilitators to discussing HPV with HNC patients. HCPs consider HPV discussions to be an essential part of HNC patient care. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Understanding the issues associated with patient-provider HPV communication will help develop effective interventions to support HCPs in their HPV discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - J Waller
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - P Gallagher
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B O'Donovan
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - N Clarke
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I Keogh
- College of Medicine Nursing & Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - D MacCarthy
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E O'Sullivan
- Cork University Dental School and Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Timon
- St. James's Hospital, James's Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Martin
- Department of Histopathology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Ireland
| | - J O'Leary
- Department of Histopathology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Ireland
| | - L Sharp
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, UK
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11
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O'Connor M, O'Donovan B, Waller J, Ó Céilleachair A, Gallagher P, Martin CM, O'Leary J, Sharp L. Communicating about HPV in the context of head and neck cancer: A systematic review of quantitative studies. Patient Educ Couns 2020; 103:462-472. [PMID: 31558324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rising incidence of HPV-positive head and neck cancers (HPV-HNC) means HPV infection is increasingly relevant to patient-provider consultations. We performed a systematic review to examine, in the context of patient-provider HNC consultations: discussions about HPV, attitudes towards discussing HPV and information needs. METHODS We searched Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL + for studies to August 2018. Eligible studies included: HNC healthcare professionals (HCPs) and/or HNC patients investigated HNC patient-provider communication about HPV. RESULTS Ten studies were identified: six including HCPs and four including HNC patients. HCPs varied in confidence in HPV discussions, which was related to their HPV knowledge. Both HCPs and patients acknowledged the need for reliable HPV information. Factors which facilitated HPV discussions included accessible HPV information for patients and HCPs and good HPV knowledge among HCPs. Barriers included the perception, among HCPs, that HPV was a challenging topic to discuss with patients. CONCLUSIONS Information deficits, communication challenges and barriers to discussing HPV were identified in HNC patient-provider consultations. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Appropriate HPV information is needed for HCPs and patients. Professional development initiatives which increase HCPs' HPV knowledge and build their communication skills would be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - B O'Donovan
- Department of Histopathology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital Ireland, Ireland.
| | - J Waller
- Cancer Prevention Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - P Gallagher
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C M Martin
- Department of Histopathology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital Ireland, Ireland
| | - J O'Leary
- Department of Histopathology, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital Ireland, Ireland
| | - L Sharp
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, UK
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MacDonald SJ, Anderson S, Brereton P, Wood R, Damant A, Aletrari M, Alonso S, Burdaspal P, Darroch J, Donnelly C, Durand T, Felguerias I, French R, Griffin J, Heide C, Herry M, Hollywood F, Howe A, Ioannou-Kakouri E, Johnson T, Kernaghan I, Krska R, Nisbet J, Pettersson H, Procter J, Rawcliffe P, Smith A, Smith W, Stangroom S, Stevens C, Swanson W, Sweet P, Thomas M, Waller J, Welsh P. Determination of Zearalenone in Barley, Maize and Wheat Flour, Polenta, and Maize-Based Baby Food by Immunoaffinity Column Cleanup with Liquid Chromatography: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/88.6.1733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An interlaboratory study was performed on behalf of the UK Food Standards Agency to evaluate the effectiveness of an affinity column cleanup liquid chromatography (LC) method for the determination of zearalenone (ZON) in a variety of cereals and cereal products at proposed European regulatory limits. The test portion is extracted with acetonitrile:water. The sample extract is filtered, diluted, and applied to an affinity column. The column is washed, and ZON is eluted with acetonitrile. ZON is quantified by reversed-phase LC with fluorescence detection. Barley, wheat and maize flours, polenta, and a maize-based baby food naturally contaminated, spiked, and blank (very low level) were sent to 28 collaborators in 9 European countries and 1 collaborator in New Zealand. Participants were asked to spike test portions of all samples at a ZON concentration equivalent to 100 μg/kg. Average recoveries ranged from 91–111%. Based on results for 4 artificially contaminated samples (blind duplicates) and 1 naturally contaminated sample (blind duplicate), the relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 6.9–35.8%, and the relative standard deviation for reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 16.4–38.2%. The method showed acceptable within- and between-laboratory precision for all 5 matrixes, as evidenced by HorRat values <1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J MacDonald
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sharron Anderson
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Brereton
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Wood
- Food Standards Agency, Aviation House, 125 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Damant
- Food Standards Agency, Aviation House, 125 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6NH, United Kingdom
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Taylor-Stokes G, Mitra D, Waller J, Gibson K, Milligan G, Zhan L, Iyer S. Abstract P6-18-36: Real world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients receiving palbociclib plus aromatase inhibitor in the United States: Sub-groups analysis based on age, performance status and sites of metastases from the IRIS study. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Ibrance Real World Insights (IRIS) is a multi-country study aimed to describe clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients receiving palbociclib plus aromatase inhibitor. Previously the results on the overall population within the US have been communicated. The current analysis focuses on subgroups stratified by age, performance status and visceral status.
Materials and methods: A retrospective chart review of HR+/HER2- ABC/MBC patients who received palbociclib plus aromatase inhibitor as initial endocrine based therapy for their advanced disease was conducted between June and October 2017. Physicians completed electronic case report forms, extracting data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment history/patterns and clinical outcomes.Progression free and survival rates at 12 and 24 months were estimated via Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results: Data for the US are reported here. In total 63 physicians completed 360 eCRFs with a mean follow up time since palbociclib initiation of 12 months. Majority of the patients were >65 years (53%), and had ECOG status of 0 (30%) or 1 (56%). Overall 293 (81%) patients had metastatic disease, of which 50% had visceral metastases. Across all sub-groups, majority of patients prescribed an initial palbociclib dose of 125mg did not require a change of dose while on treatment. The 12-month and 24-month progression free and overall survival rates across subgroups are presented in Table 1. Patients with a performance status of ECOG=1 had a slightly lower progression and survival rates at 12 and 24 months compared to those with a score =0. Likewise, patients with visceral disease were observed to have slightly lower progression free and survival rates than others.
Table 1:Clinical Outcomes for the different sub-groups.Patient Sub-groups AgeECOG statusVisceral Status Up to 65 n=169Over 65 n=1910 n=1071 n=200Visceral metastases n=147Non-visceral metastases n=146Progression free survival rate at 12 months, %86.382.194.386.580.285.8Progression free survival rate at 24 months, %59.769.071.267.450.780.6Overall survival rate At 12 months, %97.992.8100.099.590.599.3Overall survival rate at 24 months, %95.185.695.796.487.290.7
Conclusions: The analysis indicates consistent trends in different clinical outcomes were observed with palbociclib plus aromatase inhibitor across patients sub-groups based on age, performance status and visceral metastases.
Citation Format: Taylor-Stokes G, Mitra D, Waller J, Gibson K, Milligan G, Zhan L, Iyer S. Real world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients receiving palbociclib plus aromatase inhibitor in the United States: Sub-groups analysis based on age, performance status and sites of metastases from the IRIS study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-36.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Taylor-Stokes
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - D Mitra
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - J Waller
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - K Gibson
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - G Milligan
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - L Zhan
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - S Iyer
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
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Waller J, Mitra D, Taylor-Stokes G, Gibson K, Milligan G, Zhan L, Iyer S. Abstract P6-18-21: Real world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients receiving palbociclib plus fulvestrant in the United States: Sub-groups analysis based on age, performance status and sites of metastases. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Ibrance Real World Insights (IRIS) is a multi-country study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and understand treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients receiving palbociclib plus fulvestrant in real world clinical practice. Previously the results on the overall population within the US have been communicated. The current analyses focus on subgroups stratified by age, performance status and visceral status.
Materials and methods: A retrospective chart review of HR+/HER2- ABC/MBC patients was conducted between June and October 2017. Physicians extracted data from patient medical records for HR+/HER2- ABC patients who received palbociclib plus fulvestrant following disease progression with endocrine based therapy for their advanced disease. Electronic case report forms collected data covering patient demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment history/patterns and clinical outcomes.Progression free rates and survival rates at 6 and 12 months were estimated via Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results: Data for the US are reported here. In total, 65 physicians extracted data for 292 patients who had a mean follow up time of 7.4 months. Majority of the patients were >65 years (54%), and had ECOG status of 0 (32%) or 1 (48%). Overall 224 (77%) patients had metastatic disease, of which 93 (42%) had visceral metastases. Across all sub-groups, majority of patients prescribed an initial palbociclib dose of 125mg did not require a change of dose while on treatment. The 6-month and 12-month progression free and survival rates across subgroups are presented in Table 1. Patients with a performance status of ECOG ≥ 2 had a slightly lower progression and survival rates at 6 and 12 months compared to those with a score <1. Likewise, patients with visceral disease were observed to have slightly lower progression free and survival rates than others.
Table 1:Clinical Outcomes by Patient Sub-groups.Patient Sub-groups AgeECOGstatusVisceral Status Up to 65 n=158Over 65 n=1340 n=931 n=1392+ n=60Visceral Metastases n=93Non-visceral Metastases n=131Progression free survival rate at 6 months, %95.293.297.893.490.689.694.8Progression free survival rate at 12 months, %81.277.884.683.0-73.276.5Survival rate at 6 months, %98.096.3100.098.290.692.298.9Survival rate at 12 months, %90.085.197.695.1-80.892.7
Conclusions: The analysis indicates consistent trends in different clinical outcomes were observed with palbociclib plus fulvestrant across patients sub-groups based on age, performance status and visceral metastases.
Citation Format: Waller J, Mitra D, Taylor-Stokes G, Gibson K, Milligan G, Zhan L, Iyer S. Real world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients receiving palbociclib plus fulvestrant in the United States: Sub-groups analysis based on age, performance status and sites of metastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - D Mitra
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - G Taylor-Stokes
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - K Gibson
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - G Milligan
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - L Zhan
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
| | - S Iyer
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, United Kingdom; Pfizer, New York, NY
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Horst C, Ruparel M, Dickson J, Quaife S, Hall H, Tisi S, Taylor M, Ahmed A, Shaw P, Burke S, Soo M, Nair A, Devaraj A, Duffy S, Waller J, Navani N, Bhowmik A, Baldwin D, Janes S. Optimising nodule management with data from the Lung Screen Uptake Trial. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Kummer S, Waller J, Ruparel M, Janes S, Quaife S. Psychological impact of low-dose CT screening in a ‘real-world’ demonstration lung cancer screening pilot. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Kummer S, Waller J, Ruparel M, Mcewen A, Janes S, Quaife S. Understanding patients’ psychological responses to low-dose CT lung cancer screening to inform the development of a training resource for nurses. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Ruparel M, Dickson J, Quaife S, Sophie T, Hall H, Horst C, Taylor M, Ahmed A, Shaw P, Burke S, Soo M, Nair A, Devaraj A, Duffy S, Waller J, Navani N, Bhowmik A, Baldwin D, Janes S. Results from a prevalence round of LDCT screening for lung cancer in the Lung Screen Uptake Trial. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Waller J, Brown K, Mendes C, Ansari N. Novel technique for stomal isolation after extensive abdominal wall soft tissue loss. Tech Coloproctol 2018; 22:977-980. [PMID: 30535665 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-018-1898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - K Brown
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), PO Box M157, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Mendes
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - N Ansari
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia. .,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), PO Box M157, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,The Institute of Academic Surgery at RPA, Sydney, Australia.
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Ruparel M, Quaife S, Ghimire B, Dickson J, Horst C, Tisi S, Bhowmik A, Navani N, Baldwin D, Duffy S, Waller J, Janes S. P2.11-29 Impact of an Information-Film to Promote Informed Decision-Making in Individuals Taking Part in a Lung Cancer Screening Demonstration Pilot. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Mitra D, Taylor-Stokes G, Waller J, Gibson K, Milligan G, Iyer S. Real world treatment patterns associated with palbociclib combination therapy in Germany: Results from the IRIS study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy272.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Taylor-Stokes G, Mitra D, Waller J, Gibson K, Milligan G, Iyer S. Real world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of advanced/metastatic breast cancer patients receiving palbociclib in combination with an aromatase inhibitor: Results from the IRIS Study. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Jordan D, Bush J, Ownby D, Waller J, Tingen M. OR044 The impact of traditional literacy and education on health literacy in adolescents with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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O'Connor M, O'Brien K, Waller J, Gallagher P, D'Arcy T, Flannelly G, Martin CM, McRae J, Prendiville W, Ruttle C, White C, Pilkington L, O'Leary JJ, Sharp L. Physical after-effects of colposcopy and related procedures, and their inter-relationship with psychological distress: a longitudinal survey. BJOG 2017; 124:1402-1410. [PMID: 28374937 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence of post-colposcopy physical after-effects and investigate associations between these and subsequent psychological distress. DESIGN Longitudinal survey. SETTING Two hospital-based colposcopy clinics. POPULATION Women with abnormal cytology who underwent colposcopy (±related procedures). METHODS Questionnaires were mailed to women 4, 8 and 12 months post-colposcopy. Details of physical after-effects (pain, bleeding and discharge) experienced post-colposcopy were collected at 4 months. Colposcopy-specific distress was measured using the Process Outcome-Specific Measure at all time-points. Linear mixed-effects regression was used to identify associations between physical after-effects and distress over 12 months, adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical variables. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalence of post-colposcopy physical after-effects. Associations between the presence of any physical after-effects, awareness of after-effects, and number of after-effects and distress. RESULTS Five-hundred and eighty-four women were recruited (response rate = 73, 59 and 52% at 4, 8 and 12 months, respectively). Eighty-two percent of women reported one or more physical after-effect(s). Multiple physical after-effects were common (two after-effects = 25%; three after-effects = 25%). Psychological distress scores declined significantly over time. In adjusted analyses, women who experienced all three physical after-effects had on average a 4.58 (95% CI: 1.10-8.05) higher distress scored than those who experienced no after-effects. Women who were unaware of the possibility of experiencing after-effects scored significantly higher for distress during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of physical after-effects of colposcopy and related procedures is high. The novel findings of inter-relationships between awareness of the possibility of after-effects and experiencing multiple after-effects, and post-colposcopy distress may be relevant to the development of interventions to alleviate post-colposcopy distress. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Experiencing multiple physical after-effects of colposcopy is associated with psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - K O'Brien
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - J Waller
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - P Gallagher
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T D'Arcy
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - G Flannelly
- National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - C M Martin
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - J McRae
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - W Prendiville
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - C Ruttle
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - C White
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - L Pilkington
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - J J O'Leary
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - L Sharp
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Fick D, Kolanowski A, Mion L, McDowell J, Waller J. REDUCING PSYCHOACTIVE MEDICATION USE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DELIRIUM SUPERIMPOSED ON DEMENTIA. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D.M. Fick
- Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,
| | | | - L.C. Mion
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee,
| | - J. McDowell
- Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,
| | - J. Waller
- Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
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26
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Waller J, Toogood HS, Karuppiah V, Rattray NJW, Mansell DJ, Leys D, Gardiner JM, Fryszkowska A, Ahmed ST, Bandichhor R, Reddy GP, Scrutton NS. Structural insights into the ene-reductase synthesis of profens. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4440-4448. [PMID: 28485453 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00163k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of double bonds of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters by ene-reductases remains challenging and it typically requires activation by a second electron-withdrawing moiety, such as a halide or second carboxylate group. We showed that profen precursors, 2-arylpropenoic acids and their esters, were efficiently reduced by Old Yellow Enzymes (OYEs). The XenA and GYE enzymes showed activity towards acids, while a wider range of enzymes were active towards the equivalent methyl esters. Comparative co-crystal structural analysis of profen-bound OYEs highlighted key interactions important in determining substrate binding in a catalytically active conformation. The general utility of ene reductases for the synthesis of (R)-profens was established and this work will now drive future mutagenesis studies to screen for the production of pharmaceutically-active (S)-profens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
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Marlow L, Waller J. The changing landscape of cervical screening-What does the future hold for primary care? Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 26:e12693. [PMID: 28436064 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The landscape of cervical cancer prevention is changing in many countries thanks to the introduction of vaccination against high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the incorporation of HPV DNA testing into cervical screening algorithms. In addition to this, uptake of screening is falling year on year in the UK and elsewhere. These factors present challenges and opportunities for health professionals working in primary care-in terms of communicating programmatic changes to women; responding to questions about the meaning and implications of HPV test results; and delivering interventions to increase screening uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marlow
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, UCL, London, UK
| | - J Waller
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, UCL, London, UK
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29
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Byrne K, Waller J, Piercy J, Shaw J, Dastani H. P18.10 Impact of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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30
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Kugathasan P, Waller J, Westrich L, Abdourahman A, Tamm JA, Pehrson AL, Dale E, Gulinello M, Sanchez C, Li Y. In vivo and in vitro effects of vortioxetine on molecules associated with neuroplasticity. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:365-376. [PMID: 27678087 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116667710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity is fundamental for brain functions, abnormal changes of which are associated with mood disorders and cognitive impairment. Neuroplasticity can be affected by neuroactive medications and by aging. Vortioxetine, a multimodal antidepressant, has shown positive effects on cognitive functions in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. In rodent studies, vortioxetine increases glutamate neurotransmission, promotes dendritic branching and spine maturation, and elevates hippocampal expression of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) at the transcript level. The present study aims to assess the effects of vortioxetine on several neuroplasticity-related molecules in different experimental systems. Chronic (1 month) vortioxetine increased Arc/Arg3.1 protein levels in the cortical synaptosomes of young and middle-aged mice. In young mice, this was accompanied by an increase in actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin serine 3 phosphorylation without altering the total ADF/cofilin protein level, and an increase in the GluA1 subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor phosphorylation at serine 845 (S845) without altering serine 831 (S831) GluA1 phosphorylation nor the total GluA1 protein level. Similar effects were detected in cultured rat hippocampal neurons: Acute vortioxetine increased S845 GluA1 phosphorylation without changing S831 GluA1 phosphorylation or the total GluA1 protein level. These changes were accompanied by an increase in α subunit of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMKIIα) phosphorylation (at threonine 286) without changing the total CaMKIIα protein level in cultured neurons. In addition, chronic (1 month) vortioxetine, but not fluoxetine, restored the age-associated reduction in Arc/Arg3.1 and c-Fos transcripts in the frontal cortex of middle-aged mice. Taken together, these results demonstrated that vortioxetine modulates molecular targets that are related to neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Li
- 1 Lundbeck Research, Paramus, NJ, USA
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Horst C, Ruparel M, Quaife S, Ahmed A, Taylor M, Bhowmik A, Burke S, Shaw P, McEwen A, Waller J, Baldwin DR, Navani N, Thakrar R, Janes SM. S130 The prevalence of undiagnosed copd on spirometry and emphysema on low-dose ct scans in a lung cancer screening demonstration pilot: a teachable moment? Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kasivisvanathan R, Jhanji S, Waller J, McLeod A, Rao Baikady R, Wigmore T, Gruber P. High risk multi-disciplinary process for major cancer surgery. Br J Anaesth 2016; 117:678-679. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Waller J, McCaffery K, Forrest S, Szarewski A, Cadman L, Austin J, Wardle J. Acceptability of unsupervised HPV self-sampling using written instructions. J Med Screen 2016; 13:208-13. [PMID: 17217611 DOI: 10.1177/096914130601300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The study measured the acceptability of self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in the context of cervical cancer screening. Women carried out self-sampling unsupervised, using a written instruction sheet. Setting Participants were women attending either a family planning clinic or a primary care trust for routine cervical screening. Methods Women (n = 902) carried out self-sampling for HPV testing and then a clinician did a routine cervical smear and HPV test. Immediately after having the two tests, participants completed a measure of acceptability for both tests, and answered questions about ease of using the instruction sheet and willingness to use self-sampling in the future. Results The majority of women found self-sampling more acceptable than the clinician-administered test, but there was a lack of confidence that the test had been done correctly. Significant demographic differences in attitudes were found, with married women having more favourable attitudes towards self-sampling than single women, and Asian women having more negative attitudes than women in other ethnic groups. Intention to use self-sampling in the future was very high across all demographic groups. Conclusion Self-sampling for HPV testing was highly acceptable in this large and demographically diverse sample, and women were able to carry out the test alone, using simple written instructions. Consistent with previous studies, women were concerned about doing the test properly and this issue will need to be addressed if self-sampling is introduced. More work is needed to see whether the demographic differences we found are robust and to identify reasons for lower acceptability among single women and those from Asian background.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, UK.
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Sullivan E, Piercy J, Waller J, Black C, Kachroo S. THU0599 Key Drivers in Biosimilar Prescription in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases Indications in Germany. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tomczyk S, Arriola CS, Beall B, Benitez A, Benoit SR, Berman L, Bresee J, da Gloria Carvalho M, Cohn A, Cross K, Diaz MH, Francois Watkins LK, Gierke R, Hagan JE, Harris AM, Jain S, Kim L, Kobayashi M, Lindstrom S, McGee L, McMorrow M, Metcalf BL, Moore MR, Moura I, Nix WA, Nyangoma E, Oberste MS, Olsen SJ, Pimenta F, Socias C, Thurman K, Waller J, Waterman SH, Westercamp M, Wharton M, Whitney CG, Winchell JM, Wolff B, Kim C. Multistate Outbreak of Respiratory Infections Among Unaccompanied Children, June 2014-July 2014. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63:48-56. [PMID: 27001799 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND From January 2014-July 2014, more than 46 000 unaccompanied children (UC) from Central America crossed the US-Mexico border. In June-July, UC aged 9-17 years in 4 shelters and 1 processing center in 4 states were hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. We conducted a multistate investigation to interrupt disease transmission. METHODS Medical charts were abstracted for hospitalized UC. Nonhospitalized UC with influenza-like illness were interviewed, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected to detect respiratory pathogens. Nasopharyngeal swabs were used to assess pneumococcal colonization in symptomatic and asymptomatic UC. Pneumococcal blood isolates from hospitalized UC and nasopharyngeal isolates were characterized by serotyping and whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS Among 15 hospitalized UC, 4 (44%) of 9 tested positive for influenza viruses, and 6 (43%) of 14 with blood cultures grew pneumococcus, all serotype 5. Among 48 nonhospitalized children with influenza-like illness, 1 or more respiratory pathogens were identified in 46 (96%). Among 774 nonhospitalized UC, 185 (24%) yielded pneumococcus, and 70 (38%) were serotype 5. UC transferring through the processing center were more likely to be colonized with serotype 5 (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-6.9). Analysis of core pneumococcal genomes detected 2 related, yet independent, clusters. No pneumococcus cases were reported after pneumococcal and influenza immunization campaigns. CONCLUSIONS This respiratory disease outbreak was due to multiple pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 and influenza viruses. Pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations prevented further transmission. Future efforts to prevent similar outbreaks will benefit from use of both vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tomczyk
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Respiratory Diseases Branch
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jose E Hagan
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Global Immunizations Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Aaron M Harris
- Respiratory Diseases Branch US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Lindsay Kim
- Respiratory Diseases Branch US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew R Moore
- Respiratory Diseases Branch US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - W Allan Nix
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Edith Nyangoma
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Division of Global Migration and Quarantine
| | - M Steven Oberste
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Christina Socias
- Epidemic Intelligence Service National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cynthia G Whitney
- Respiratory Diseases Branch US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | - Curi Kim
- US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland Office of Refugee Resettlement, Administration for Children and Families, Washington D.C
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O'Connor M, Gallagher P, Waller J, Martin CM, O'Leary JJ, Sharp L. Adverse psychological outcomes following colposcopy and related procedures: a systematic review. BJOG 2016; 123:24-38. [PMID: 26099164 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although colposcopy is the leading follow-up option for women with abnormal cervical cytology, little is known about its psychological consequences. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review to examine: (1) what, if any, are the adverse psychological outcomes following colposcopy and related procedures; (2) what are the predictors of adverse psychological outcomes post-colposcopy; and (3) what happens to these outcomes over time. SEARCH STRATEGY Five electronic databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus) were searched for studies published in English between January 1986 and February 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA Eligible studies assessed psychological wellbeing at one or more time-points post-colposcopy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts. Full texts of potentially eligible papers were reviewed. Data were abstracted from, and a quality appraisal performed of, eligible papers. MAIN RESULTS Twenty-three papers reporting 16 studies were eligible. Colposcopy and related procedures can lead to adverse psychological outcomes, particularly anxiety. Ten studies investigated predictors of adverse psychological outcomes; management type and treatment had no impact on this. Seven studies investigated temporal trends in psychological outcomes post-colposcopy; findings were mixed, especially in relation to anxiety and distress. Studies were methodologically heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS Follow-up investigations and procedures for abnormal cervical cytology can cause adverse psychological outcomes among women. However, little is known about the predictors of these outcomes or how long they persist. There is a need for a more standardised approach to the examination of the psychological impact of colposcopy, especially longer-term outcomes. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Follow-up investigations for abnormal cervical cytology can cause adverse psychological outcome among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - P Gallagher
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Waller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - C M Martin
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J J O'Leary
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Sharp
- Institute of Health &/ Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Marlow LAV, Wardle J, Waller J. Understanding cervical screening non-attendance among ethnic minority women in England. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:833-9. [PMID: 26171938 PMCID: PMC4559824 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds are less likely to attend cervical screening than White British women. This study explored sociodemographic and attitudinal correlates of cervical screening non-attendance among BAME women. METHODS Women (30-60 years) were recruited from Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Caribbean, African and White British backgrounds (n=720). Participants completed structured interviews. RESULTS BAME women were more likely to be non-attenders than white British women (44-71% vs 12%) and fell into two groups: the disengaged and the overdue. Migrating to the United Kingdom, speaking a language other than English and low education level were associated with being disengaged. Being overdue was associated with older age. Three attitudinal barriers were associated with being overdue for screening among BAME women: low perceived risk of cervical cancer due to sexual inactivity, belief that screening is unnecessary without symptoms and difficulty finding an appointment that fits in with other commitments. CONCLUSIONS BAME non-attenders appear to fall into two groups, and interventions for these groups may need to be targeted and tailored accordingly. It is important to ensure that BAME women understand cancer screening is intended for asymptomatic women and those who have ceased sexual activity may still be at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A V Marlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - J Waller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore women's experiences of symptoms potentially indicative of gynaecological cancer in a community-based sample without imposing a cancer perspective. DESIGN A qualitative interview study with thematic analysis of transcripts. PARTICIPANTS 26 women aged ≥30 years, who had experienced a symptom that might indicate gynaecological cancer in the past 3 months, were recruited using a screening questionnaire distributed online and in community settings. SETTING London, UK. RESULTS Women attributed gynaecological symptoms to existing illnesses/conditions or considered themselves to be predisposed to them, either through their 'genes' or previous personal experience. Normalising symptoms by attributing them to demographic characteristics (eg, age, sex) was common, as was considering them a side effect of hormonal contraception. When women raised cancer as a possible cause, they often dismissed it as unlikely. Responses to symptoms included self-management (eg, self-medicating, making lifestyle changes), adopting a 'lay system of care', or consulting a healthcare professional. Triggers to help-seeking included persistent, painful or debilitating symptoms, concern about symptom seriousness, and feeling that help-seeking was legitimised. Barriers to help-seeking included lack of concern, vague symptoms, unusual symptom location, competing time demands, previous negative experiences with the healthcare system, and not wanting to be perceived as a time-waster. CONCLUSIONS Attributions of symptoms potentially indicative of a gynaecological cancer were varied, but most often involved women fitting symptoms into their expectations of what was 'normal'. Normalising acted as a barrier to seeking help from a healthcare professional, alongside competing time demands and negative attitudes towards help-seeking. These barriers may lead to later diagnosis and poorer cancer survival. Our findings could be used to inform the development of interventions to encourage appropriate help-seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Low
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - K L Whitaker
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - A E Simon
- Centre for Health Services Research, City University, London, UK
| | - M Sekhon
- Centre for Health Services Research, City University, London, UK
| | - J Waller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London (UCL), London, UK
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Garten RS, Goldfarb A, Crabb B, Waller J. The Impact of Partial Vascular Occlusion on Oxidative Stress Markers during Resistance Exercise. Int J Sports Med 2015; 36:542-9. [PMID: 25806587 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1396827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to examine the effects of partial vascular occlusion (PVO) on oxidative stress markers in response to resistance exercise and at rest in young resistance-trained males. 12 resistance-trained males performed 6 conditions in random counterbalanced order: rest (R), low-intensity (LIRE: 30% 1RM) and moderate-intensity (MIRE: 70% 1RM) resistance exercise with or without PVO. Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after each condition and plasma protein carbonyls (PC), glutathione ratio, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and xanthine oxidase (XO) were evaluated. The addition of PVO resulted in significantly greater plasma PC and glutathione ratio in the rest condition. During LIRE the addition of PVO significantly attenuated plasma PC. The MIRE condition, independent of PVO, resulted in significantly higher PC concentration and glutathione ratio compared to the rest and LIRE conditions. The addition of PVO during MIRE resulted in a significant increase in PC. Thus, this study revealed that PVO increased oxidative stress at rest and enhanced the oxidative stress response to MIRE, but when combined with LIRE oxidative stress was attenuated. These findings suggest that the utilization of PVO during LIRE may alter ROS-induced accumulation in the blood which may influence cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Garten
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, George E. Whalen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - A Goldfarb
- Department of Kinesiology, UNC Greensboro, Greensboro, United States
| | - B Crabb
- Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States
| | - J Waller
- Department of Kinesiology, UNC Greensboro, Greensboro, United States
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Waller J, Osborne K, Wardle J. Enthusiasm for cancer screening in Great Britain: a general population survey. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:562-6. [PMID: 25535731 PMCID: PMC4453657 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With growing concerns about risk of harm from cancer screening, particularly from overdiagnosis, this study aimed to assess public attitudes to cancer screening in Great Britain. Methods: We used a population-based survey to assess attitudes to cancer screening, screening history and demographic characteristics, in men and women aged 50–80 years. Data were collected using face-to-face computer-assisted interviews in 2012. Results: In our sample of 2024, attitudes to cancer screening were overwhelmingly positive with almost 90% believing that screening is ‘almost always a good idea' and 49% saying they would be tested for cancer even if it was untreatable. Attitudes were particularly positive among those who had previously taken part in breast or colorectal screening. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that attitudes to cancer screening are very positive in Great Britain. Widespread enthusiasm for cancer screening may hamper attempts to encourage a greater appreciation of the limitations and potential harms of screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - K Osborne
- Cancer Research UK, Angel Building, 407 St John Street, London EC1V 4AD, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Waller J, Whitaker KL, Winstanley K, Power E, Wardle J. A survey study of women's responses to information about overdiagnosis in breast cancer screening in Britain. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1831-5. [PMID: 25167224 PMCID: PMC4453735 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is concern about public understanding of overdiagnosis in breast cancer screening, and uncertainty about the likely impact on screening participation. METHODS In a population-based survey of 2272 women, we assessed understanding of overdiagnosis and screening intentions before and after exposure to an explanation of overdiagnosis, and one of the three information formats providing an estimate of the rate of overdiagnosis based on the findings of the UK Independent Review. RESULTS Subjective and objective comprehension of overdiagnosis was moderate across information formats (64% and 57%, respectively). Following overdiagnosis information, 7% of women showed a decrease in screening intention, with a stronger effect among women below screening age (<47 years), and receiving the estimate of the rate of overdiagnosis in a simple ratio format (one life saved to three overdiagnoses). CONCLUSIONS Brief written information on overdiagnosis was incompletely understood, but reduced breast screening intentions in a proportion of women, regardless of comprehension. Subjective comprehension was lower among women who had not yet reached screening age but the deterrent effect was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - K L Whitaker
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - K Winstanley
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - E Power
- Cancer Research UK, Angel Building, 407 St John Street, London EC1V 4AD, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Mattana E, Stuppy WH, Fraser R, Waller J, Pritchard HW. Dependency of seed dormancy types on embryo traits and environmental conditions in Ribes species. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2014; 16:740-7. [PMID: 24138146 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis that seed dormancy may be dependent on environmental conditions and seed morphological traits was tested for six Ribes species, across an altitudinal gradient of 1300 m and a longitudinal separation of 120°. Embryo measurements and seed germination experiments were conducted for R. alpinum L., R. hudsonianum Richardson var. petiolare (Douglas) Jancz., R. nevadaense Kellogg, R. roezlii Regel var. cruentum (Greene) Rehder and R. speciosum Pursh, and data taken from the literature for R. multiflorum Kit. ex Schult. ssp. sandalioticum Arrigoni. Germination was compared with seed viability to reveal proportional seed dormancy, which was then correlated to seed/embryo morphological traits and these traits related to the seed provenance environment. The embryos of all the investigated species are linear underdeveloped and all had a morphological component of seed dormancy (MD). Seeds of R. roezlii, R. hudsonianum and R. nevadaense required a temperature and/or hormone pre-treatment in order to germinate, highlighting morphophysiological seed dormancy (MPD). Seed dormancy was found to be strongly negatively correlated with embryo length, but not with embryo to seed (E:S) ratio or seed mass. Initial embryo length was positively related to mean annual temperature. Seed dormancy in the investigated Ribes species could be quantified and predicted by the interaction of embryo traits and environmental conditions. This approach may be helpful in assessing and predicting seed dormancy in the Ribes genus and in other genera and families with underdeveloped embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mattana
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Seed Conservation Department, Wellcome Trust Millennium Building, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Ardingly, West Sussex, UK
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Bogowicz P, Waller J, Wilson D, Foster K. Consequences of incomplete measles vaccine uptake in healthcare workers during an outbreak in North East England. J Hosp Infect 2013; 86:144-6. [PMID: 24418651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of measles-infected healthcare workers are described, plus the case of a third who was excluded from work for an extended period of time due to non-immunity, during an outbreak in North East England. There is clearly a need for further effort to ensure that healthcare workers are protected against measles. Vaccine uptake may be increased by establishing a one-off measles immunization programme in conjunction with systematic pre-employment screening. Such programmes could be strengthened through incentivized or mandatory vaccination. Staff and policymakers at all levels should work together to prevent hospital-acquired measles infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bogowicz
- North East Health Protection Team, Public Health England Centre North East, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Waller
- North East Health Protection Team, Public Health England Centre North East, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Wilson
- North East Health Protection Team, Public Health England Centre North East, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - K Foster
- North East Health Protection Team, Public Health England Centre North East, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Redding MR, Lewis R, Waller J, Phillips F, Griffith D. Large-chamber methane and nitrous oxide measurements are comparable to the backward lagrangian stochastic method. J Environ Qual 2013; 42:1643-1651. [PMID: 25602405 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2013.05.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of individual emission sources (e.g., animals or pen manure) within intensive livestock enterprises is necessary to test emission calculation protocols and to identify targets for decreased emissions. In this study, a vented, fabric-covered large chamber (4.5 × 4.5 m, 1.5 m high; encompassing greater spatial variability than a smaller chamber) in combination with on-line analysis (nitrous oxide [NO] and methane [CH] via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; 1 analysis min) was tested as a means to isolate and measure emissions from beef feedlot pen manure sources. An exponential model relating chamber concentrations to ambient gas concentrations, air exchange (e.g., due to poor sealing with the surface; model linear when ≈ 0 m s), and chamber dimensions allowed data to be fitted with high confidence. Alternating manure source emission measurements using the large-chamber and the backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) technique (5-mo period; bLS validated via tracer gas release, recovery 94-104%) produced comparable NO and CH emission values (no significant difference at < 0.05). Greater precision of individual measurements was achieved via the large chamber than for the bLS (mean ± standard error of variance components: bLS half-hour measurements, 99.5 ± 325 μg CH s and 9.26 ± 20.6 μg NO s; large-chamber measurements, 99.6 ± 64.2 μg CH s and 8.18 ± 0.3 μg NO s). The large-chamber design is suitable for measurement of emissions from manure on pen surfaces, isolating these emissions from surrounding emission sources, including enteric emissions.
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Fuss M, Waller J, Naugler S, Zaman A, Kolbeck K, Orloff S, Billingsley K, Chang M, Sasaki A, Kaufman J. Outcomes of Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy (HFxRT) for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sattler L, Sabou M, Waller J, Candolfi E, Candolfi E. À propos d’un cas de sinusite maxillaire à Scopulariopsis brevicaulis chez une patiente immunocompétente. J Mycol Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Low EL, Simon AE, Waller J, Wardle J, Menon U. Experience of symptoms indicative of gynaecological cancers in UK women. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:882-7. [PMID: 23880819 PMCID: PMC3749578 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynaecological cancers account for ∼12% of female cancer incidence in the United Kingdom. Encouraging prompt help-seeking for potential symptoms could help improve outcomes. However, before developing help-seeking interventions, it is important to estimate the number of women with symptoms potentially indicative of a gynaecological cancer to help estimate the impact of such interventions on primary care. METHODS As part of a face-to-face, population-based survey, women aged ≥16 (n=911) were shown a list of symptoms potentially indicative of a gynaecological cancer and were asked to indicate any experienced in the last 3 months. Those who reported symptoms were asked about their responses to one randomly selected index symptom. RESULTS Just under half (44%) of the respondents reported a symptom, with 35% reporting a frequent and/or severe symptom. Younger (P<0.001), lower socioeconomic status (P<0.01) and non-White women (P<0.05) were significantly more likely to report symptoms. Few (14%) respondents were both older (≥45 years) and had a frequent and/or severe symptom. Of these women, 38% had seen a GP. CONCLUSION Symptoms that potentially indicate a gynaecological cancer, even if limited to those that are frequent and/or severe, appear to be common. Consequently, encouraging prompt help-seeking may increase the burden on primary care. However, targeting those at increased risk (older women with frequent or severe symptoms) should avoid unmanageable increases in primary care consultations for gynaecological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Low
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - A E Simon
- Health Services Research & Management, A224, College Building, City University London, Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - J Waller
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - U Menon
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Women's Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Waller J, Macedo A, von Wagner C, Simon AE, Jones C, Hammersley V, Weller D, Wardle J, Campbell C. Communication about colorectal cancer screening in Britain: public preferences for an expert recommendation. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1938-43. [PMID: 23175148 PMCID: PMC3516693 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Informed decision-making approaches to cancer screening emphasise the importance of decisions being determined by individuals' own values and preferences. However, advice from a trusted source may also contribute to autonomous decision-making. This study examined preferences regarding a recommendation from the NHS and information provision in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. METHODS In face-to-face interviews, a population-based sample of adults across Britain (n=1964; age 50-80 years) indicated their preference between: (1) a strong recommendation to participate in CRC screening, (2) a recommendation alongside advice to make an individual decision, and (3) no recommendation but advice to make an individual decision. Other measures included trust in the NHS and preferences for information on benefits and risks. RESULTS Most respondents (84%) preferred a recommendation (47% strong recommendation, 37% recommendation plus individual decision-making advice), but the majority also wanted full information on risks (77%) and benefits (78%). Men were more in favour of a recommendation than women (86% vs 81%). Trust in the NHS was high overall, but the minority who expressed low trust were less likely to want a recommendation. CONCLUSION Most British adults want full information on risks and benefits of screening but they also want a recommendation from an authoritative source. An 'expert' view may be an important part of autonomous health decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waller
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - A Macedo
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - C von Wagner
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - A E Simon
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- School of Health Sciences, City University London, College Building, Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - C Jones
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - V Hammersley
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Medical Quad, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - D Weller
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Medical Quad, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - C Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Medical Quad, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
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Letscher-Bru V, Obszynski CM, Samsoen M, Sabou M, Waller J, Candolfi E. Antifungal Activity of Sodium Bicarbonate Against Fungal Agents Causing Superficial Infections. Mycopathologia 2012; 175:153-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-012-9583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Marlow LAV, Robb KA, Simon AE, Waller J, Wardle J. Awareness of cancer risk factors among ethnic minority groups in England. Public Health 2012; 126:702-9. [PMID: 22809494 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore awareness of cancer risk factors in ethnic minority men and women living in England. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Men and women were recruited from the six largest ethnic minority groups in the UK proportional to the population distribution: Indian (n = 467); Pakistani (n = 333); Bangladeshi (n = 126); Caribbean (n = 252); African (n = 216); and Chinese (n = 106). Participants responded to an open-ended question about cancer risk factors. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, socio-economic class and language. RESULTS The most commonly cited cancer risk factors were smoking (55%), diet (20%), genetics (20%), drinking alcohol (19%) and lifestyle (17%). On average, participants who were able to name cancer risk factors (91% of respondents) cited 2.13 factors. There were some differences between broad ethnic groups (Asian, Black and Chinese), but fewer differences within them (e.g. between Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi, or African and Caribbean). CONCLUSIONS Awareness of risk factors (particularly diet and exercise) was lower in this sample than in previous population representative samples in the UK. Interventions aimed at raising awareness of cancer risk factors are likely to be beneficial across the whole ethnic minority population. Any ethnically targeted interventions should consider risk factor awareness levels as well as cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A V Marlow
- Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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