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Tagliaferri N, Pisciotta A, Orlandi G, Bertani G, Di Tinco R, Bertoni L, Sena P, Lunghi A, Bianchi M, Veneri F, Bellini P, Bertacchini J, Conserva E, Consolo U, Carnevale G. Zirconia Hybrid Dental Implants Influence the Biological Properties of Neural Crest-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:392. [PMID: 38470723 PMCID: PMC10934982 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Dental implants are regularly employed in tooth replacement, the good clinical outcome of which is strictly correlated to the choice of an appropriate implant biomaterial. Titanium-based implants are considered the gold standard for rehabilitation of edentulous spaces. However, the insurgence of allergic reactions, cellular sensitization and low integration with dental and gingival tissues lead to poor osseointegration, affecting the implant stability in the bone and favoring infections and inflammatory processes in the peri-implant space. These failures pave the way to develop and improve new biocompatible implant materials. CERID dental implants are made of a titanium core embedded in a zirconium dioxide ceramic layer, ensuring absence of corrosion, a higher biological compatibility and a better bone deposition compared to titanium ones. We investigated hDPSCs' biological behavior, i.e., cell adhesion, proliferation, morphology and osteogenic potential, when seeded on both CERID and titanium implants, before and after cleansing with two different procedures. SEM and AFM analysis of the surfaces showed that while CERID disks were not significantly affected by the cleansing system, titanium ones exhibited well-visible modifications after brush treatment, altering cell morphology. The proliferation rate of DPSCs was increased for titanium, while it remained unaltered for CERID. Both materials hold an intrinsic potential to promote osteogenic commitment of neuro-ectomesenchymal stromal cells. Interestingly, the CERID surface mitigated the immune response by inducing an upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 on activated PBMCs when a pro-inflammatory microenvironment was established. Our in vitro results pave the way to further investigations aiming to corroborate the potential of CERID implants as suitable biomaterials for dental implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Tagliaferri
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Alice Lunghi
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Section of Physiology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Bianchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Veneri
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Pierantonio Bellini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Enrico Conserva
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Ugo Consolo
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.T.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (R.D.T.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (F.V.); (P.B.); (J.B.); (E.C.); (U.C.); (G.C.)
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2
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Ricotti L, Cafarelli A, Manferdini C, Trucco D, Vannozzi L, Gabusi E, Fontana F, Dolzani P, Saleh Y, Lenzi E, Columbaro M, Piazzi M, Bertacchini J, Aliperta A, Cain M, Gemmi M, Parlanti P, Jost C, Fedutik Y, Nessim GD, Telkhozhayeva M, Teblum E, Dumont E, Delbaldo C, Codispoti G, Martini L, Tschon M, Fini M, Lisignoli G. Ultrasound Stimulation of Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Hydrogels Boosts Chondrogenic Differentiation in Vitro, in Both a Normal and Inflammatory Milieu. ACS Nano 2024; 18:2047-2065. [PMID: 38166155 PMCID: PMC10811754 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The use of piezoelectric nanomaterials combined with ultrasound stimulation is emerging as a promising approach for wirelessly triggering the regeneration of different tissue types. However, it has never been explored for boosting chondrogenesis. Furthermore, the ultrasound stimulation parameters used are often not adequately controlled. In this study, we show that adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells embedded in a nanocomposite hydrogel containing piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanoflakes and stimulated with ultrasound waves with precisely controlled parameters (1 MHz and 250 mW/cm2, for 5 min once every 2 days for 10 days) dramatically boost chondrogenic cell commitment in vitro. Moreover, fibrotic and catabolic factors are strongly down-modulated: proteomic analyses reveal that such stimulation influences biological processes involved in cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix organization, collagen fibril organization, and metabolic processes. The optimal stimulation regimen also has a considerable anti-inflammatory effect and keeps its ability to boost chondrogenesis in vitro, even in an inflammatory milieu. An analytical model to predict the voltage generated by piezoelectric nanoparticles invested by ultrasound waves is proposed, together with a computational tool that takes into consideration nanoparticle clustering within the cell vacuoles and predicts the electric field streamline distribution in the cell cytoplasm. The proposed nanocomposite hydrogel shows good injectability and adhesion to the cartilage tissue ex vivo, as well as excellent biocompatibility in vivo, according to ISO 10993. Future perspectives will involve preclinical testing of this paradigm for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ricotti
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cafarelli
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Trucco
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Gabusi
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Fontana
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Dolzani
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Yasmin Saleh
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Lenzi
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Piattaforma
di Microscopia Elettronica, IRCCS Istituto
Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Piazzi
- Istituto
di Genetica Molecolare “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto
Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department
of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest
in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Aliperta
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Markys Cain
- Electrosciences
Ltd., Farnham, Surrey GU9 9QT, U.K.
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Paola Parlanti
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Carsten Jost
- PlasmaChem
GmbH, Schwarzschildstraße
10, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yirij Fedutik
- PlasmaChem
GmbH, Schwarzschildstraße
10, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilbert Daniel Nessim
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat
Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Madina Telkhozhayeva
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat
Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Eti Teblum
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat
Gan 52900, Israel
| | | | - Chiara Delbaldo
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Codispoti
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Martini
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Scientific Director, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Bertani G, Di Tinco R, Bertoni L, Orlandi G, Pisciotta A, Rosa R, Rigamonti L, Signore M, Bertacchini J, Sena P, De Biasi S, Villa E, Carnevale G. Flow-dependent shear stress affects the biological properties of pericyte-like cells isolated from human dental pulp. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:31. [PMID: 36805780 PMCID: PMC9938980 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human dental pulp stem cells represent a mesenchymal stem cell niche localized in the perivascular area of dental pulp and are characterized by low immunogenicity and immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory properties. Pericytes, mural cells surrounding the endothelium of small vessels, regulate numerous functions including vessel growth, stabilization and permeability. It is well established that pericytes have a tight cross talk with endothelial cells in neoangiogenesis and vessel stabilization, which are regulated by different factors, i.e., microenvironment and flow-dependent shear stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pulsatile unidirectional flow in the presence or not of an inflammatory microenvironment on the biological properties of pericyte-like cells isolated from human dental pulp (hDPSCs). METHODS Human DPSCs were cultured under both static and dynamic conditions with or without pre-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Pulsatile unidirectional flow shear stress was generated by using a specific peristaltic pump. The angiogenic potential and inflammatory properties of hDPSCs were evaluated through reverse phase protein microarrays (RPPA), confocal immunofluorescence and western blot analyses. RESULTS Our data showed that hDPSCs expressed the typical endothelial markers, which were up-regulated after endothelial induction, and were able to form tube-like structures. RPPA analyses revealed that these properties were modulated when a pulsatile unidirectional flow shear stress was applied to hDPSCs. Stem cells also revealed a downregulation of the immune-modulatory molecule PD-L1, in parallel with an up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory molecule NF-kB. Immune-modulatory properties of hDPSCs were also reduced after culture under flow-dependent shear stress and exposure to an inflammatory microenvironment. This evidence was strengthened by the detection of up-regulated levels of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in PBMCs. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the application of a pulsatile unidirectional flow shear stress induced a modulation of immunomodulatory/inflammatory properties of dental pulp pericyte-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bertani
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Tinco
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoni
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosa
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Engineering Sciences and Methods, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Rigamonti
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Signore
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856RPPA Unit, Proteomics Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Sena
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara De Biasi
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Erica Villa
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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d’Adamo A, Salerno E, Corda G, Ongaro C, Zardin B, Ruffini A, Orlandi G, Bertacchini J, Angeli D. Experimental measurements and CFD modelling of hydroxyapatite scaffolds in perfusion bioreactors for bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad002. [PMID: 36751469 PMCID: PMC9893872 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of bone tissue engineering, particular interest is devoted to the development of 3D cultures to study bone cell proliferation under conditions similar to in vivo ones, e.g. by artificially producing mechanical stresses promoting a biological response (mechanotransduction). Of particular relevance in this context are the effects generated by the flow shear stress, which governs the nutrients delivery rate to the growing cells and which can be controlled in perfusion reactors. However, the introduction of 3D scaffolds complicates the direct measurement of the generated shear stress on the adhered cells inside the matrix, thus jeopardizing the potential of using multi-dimensional matrices. In this study, an anisotropic hydroxyapatite-based set of scaffolds is considered as a 3D biomimetic support for bone cells deposition and growth. Measurements of sample-specific flow resistance are carried out using a perfusion system, accompanied by a visual characterization of the material structure. From the obtained results, a subset of three samples is reproduced using 3D-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques and the models are validated by virtually replicating the flow resistance measurement. Once a good agreement is found, the analysis of flow-induced shear stress on the inner B-HA structure is carried out based on simulation results. Finally, a statistical analysis leads to a simplified expression to correlate the flow resistance with the entity and extensions of wall shear stress inside the scaffold. The study applies CFD to overcome the limitations of experiments, allowing for an advancement in multi-dimensional cell cultures by elucidating the flow conditions in 3D reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabetta Salerno
- Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca Applicata e i Servizi nella Meccanica Avanzata e nella Motoristica InterMech-MO.RE, Piazzale Europa, 1, Reggio Emilia RE 42124, Italy,Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corda
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Claudio Ongaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Barbara Zardin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy,Istituto di Genetica Molecolare “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca (IGM-CNR), Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Diego Angeli
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42122, Italy
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5
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Pisciotta A, Di Tinco R, Bertani G, Orlandi G, Bertoni L, Pignatti E, Orciani M, Sena P, Bertacchini J, Salvarani C, Carnevale G. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) promote the lipofibroblast transition in the early stage of a fibro-inflammatory process. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196023. [PMID: 37206922 PMCID: PMC10189147 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In autoimmune diseases, particularly in systemic sclerosis and chronic periaortitis, a strict correlation between chronic inflammation and fibrosis exists. Since the currently used drugs prove mostly effective in suppressing inflammation, a better comprehension of the molecular mechanisms exerted by cell types implicated in fibro-inflammation is needed to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are being matter of deep investigation to unveil their role in the evolution of fibrogenetic process. Several findings pointed out the controversial implication of MSCs in these events, with reports lining at a beneficial effect exerted by external MSCs and others highlighting a direct contribution of resident MSCs in fibrosis progression. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have demonstrated to hold promise as potential therapeutic tools due to their immunomodulatory properties, which strongly support their contribution to tissue regeneration. Methods: Our present study evaluated hDPSCs response to a fibro-inflammatory microenvironment, mimicked in vitro by a transwell co-culture system with human dermal fibroblasts, at early and late culture passages, in presence of TGF-β1, a master promoter of fibrogenesis. Results and Discussion: We observed that hDPSCs, exposed to acute fibro-inflammatory stimuli, promote a myofibroblast-to-lipofibroblast transition, likely based on BMP2 dependent pathways. Conversely, when a chronic fibro-inflammatory microenvironment is generated, hDPSCs reduce their anti-fibrotic effect and acquire a pro-fibrotic phenotype. These data provide the basis for further investigations on the response of hDPSCs to varying fibro-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Pisciotta,
| | - Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Pignatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Rheumatology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Di Tinco R, Consolo U, Pisciotta A, Orlandi G, Bertani G, Nasi M, Bertacchini J, Carnevale G. Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Response to Bone Substitutes Biomaterials in Dentistry. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112223. [PMID: 35683895 PMCID: PMC9182880 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone substitute biomaterials (BSBs) represent a promising alternative to bone autografts, due to their biocompatibility, osteoconduction, slow resorption rates, and the ability to define and maintain volume for bone gain in dentistry. Many biomaterials are tailored to provide structural and biological support for bone regeneration, and allow the migration of bone-forming cells into the bone defect. Neural crest-derived stem cells isolated from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) represent a suitable stem cell source to study the biological effects of BSBs on osteoprogenitor cells involved in the physiological bone regenerative processes. This study aimed to evaluate how three different BSBs affect the stem cell properties, osteogenic differentiation, and inflammatory properties of hDPSCs. Our data highlight that BSBs do not alter cell proliferation and stemness markers expression, nor induce any inflammatory responses. Bone metabolism data show that hDPSCs exposed to the three BSBs distinctively secrete the factors supporting osteoblast activity and osteoclast activity. Our data indicate that (i) hDPSCs are a suitable stem cell source to study the effects of BSBs, and that (ii) the formulation of BSBs may condition the biological properties of stem cells, suggesting their versatile suitability to different dentistry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Ugo Consolo
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- Operative Unit of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department Integrated Activity-Specialist Surgeries, University-Hospital of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (U.C.); (A.P.); (G.O.); (G.B.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0594-224-852
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Salerno E, Orlandi G, Ongaro C, d’Adamo A, Ruffini A, Carnevale G, Zardin B, Bertacchini J, Angeli D. Liquid flow in scaffold derived from natural source: experimental observations and biological outcome. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac034. [PMID: 35747746 PMCID: PMC9211004 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the biological effects on a 3D scaffold based on hydroxyapatite cultured with MC3T3 osteoblasts in response to flow-induced shear stress (FSS). The scaffold adopted here (B-HA) derives from the biomorphic transformation of natural wood and its peculiar channel geometry mimics the porous structure of the bone. From the point of view of fluid dynamics, B-HA can be considered a network of micro-channels, intrinsically offering the advantages of a microfluidic system. This work, for the first time, offers a description of the fluid dynamic properties of the B-HA scaffold, which are strongly connected to its morphology. These features are necessary to determine the FSS ranges to be applied during in vitro studies to get physiologically relevant conditions. The selected ranges of FSS promoted the elongation of the attached cells along the flow direction and early osteogenic cell differentiation. These data confirmed the ability of B-HA to promote the differentiation process along osteogenic lineage. Hence, such a bioactive and naturally derived scaffold can be considered as a promising tool for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Salerno
- CNR-NANO S3 Research Center on nanoStructures and bioSystems at Surfaces , via Campi 213/A, Modena, I-41125, Italy
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, , Via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, 42122, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, , Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Claudio Ongaro
- DIEF-Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari” , Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Alessandro d’Adamo
- DIEF-Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari” , Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), , Via Granarolo 64, Faenza, 48018, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, , Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Barbara Zardin
- DIEF-Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari” , Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, , Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Diego Angeli
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, , Via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, 42122, Italy
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Di Tinco R, Bertani G, Pisciotta A, Bertoni L, Pignatti E, Maccaferri M, Bertacchini J, Sena P, Vallarola A, Tupler R, Croci S, Bonacini M, Salvarani C, Carnevale G. Role of PD-L1 in licensing immunoregulatory function of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:598. [PMID: 34863286 PMCID: PMC8643194 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02664-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are low immunogenic and hold immunomodulatory properties that, along with their well-established multi-potency, might enhance their potential application in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The present study focused on the ability of DPSCs to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment through PD1/PD-L1 pathway. Methods Inflammatory microenvironment was created in vitro by the activation of T cells isolated from healthy donors and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies. Direct and indirect co-cultures between DPSCs and PBMCs were carried out to evaluate the activation of immunomodulatory checkpoints in DPSCs and the inflammatory pattern in PBMCs. Results Our data suggest that the inflammatory stimuli trigger DPSCs immunoregulatory functions that can be exerted by both direct and indirect contact. As demonstrated by using a selective PD-L1 inhibitor, DPSCs were able to activate compensatory pathways targeting to orchestrate the inflammatory process by modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in pre-activated T lymphocytes. The involvement of PD-L1 mechanism was also observed in autologous inflammatory status (pulpitis) and after direct exposure to pre-activated T cells from RA patients suggesting that immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory properties are strictly related to their stemness status. Conclusions Our findings point out that the communication with the inflammatory microenvironment is essential in licensing their immunomodulatory properties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02664-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Pignatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Monia Maccaferri
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Vallarola
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Tupler
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Rigotto G, Montini B, Mattiolo A, Lazzari N, Piano MA, Remondini D, Marmiroli S, Bertacchini J, Chieco-Bianchi L, Calabrò ML. Mechanisms Involved in the Promoting Activity of Fibroblasts in HTLV-1-Mediated Lymphomagenesis: Insights into the Plasticity of Lymphomatous Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10562. [PMID: 34638901 PMCID: PMC8508730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the mechanisms leading to progression to Adult T-cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma in Human T-cell Leukaemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected subjects, the contribution of stromal components remains poorly understood. To dissect the role of fibroblasts in HTLV-1-mediated lymphomagenesis, transcriptome studies, cytofluorimetric and qRT-PCR analyses of surface and intracellular markers linked to plasticity and stemness in coculture, and in vivo experiments were performed. A transcriptomic comparison between a more lymphomagenic (C91/III) and the parental (C91/PL) cell line evidenced hyperactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, confirmed by phospho-ELISA and 2-DE and WB analyses. C91/III cells also showed higher expression of mesenchymal and stemness genes. Short-term coculture with human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) induced these features in C91/PL cells, and significantly increased not only the cancer stem cells (CSCs)-supporting CD10+GPR77+ HFF subpopulation, but also the percentage of ALDH1bright C91/PL cells. A non-cytotoxic acetylsalicylic acid treatment decreased HFF-induced ALDH1bright C91/PL cells, downregulated mesenchymal and stemness genes in cocultured cells, and delayed lymphoma growth in immunosuppressed mice, thus hindering the supportive activity of HFF on CSCs. These data suggest that crosstalk with HFF significantly intensifies the aggressiveness and plasticity of C91/PL cells, leading to the enrichment in lymphoma-initiating cells. Additional research is needed to better characterize these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rigotto
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (B.M.); (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Barbara Montini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (B.M.); (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Adriana Mattiolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (B.M.); (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Nayana Lazzari
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (B.M.); (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Maria Assunta Piano
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (B.M.); (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Daniel Remondini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neuronal Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neuronal Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Luigi Chieco-Bianchi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Calabrò
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (B.M.); (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.A.P.)
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Barbalinardo M, Bertacchini J, Bergamini L, Magarò MS, Ortolani L, Sanson A, Palumbo C, Cavallini M, Gentili D. Surface properties modulate protein corona formation and determine cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2021; 13:14119-14129. [PMID: 34477693 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been studied for biomedical applications, ranging from prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, the lack of the basic understanding of how NPs interact with the biological environment has severely limited their delivery efficiency to the target tissue and clinical translation. Here, we show the effective regulation of the surface properties of NPs, by controlling the surface ligand density, and their effect on serum protein adsorption, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity. The surface properties of NPs are tuned through the controlled replacement of native ligands, which favor protein adsorption, with ligands capable of increasing protein adsorption resistance. The extent and composition of the protein layer adsorbed on NPs are strongly correlated to the degree of ligands replaced on their surface and, while BSA is the most abundant protein detected, ApoE is the one whose amount is most affected by surface properties. On increasing the protein resistance, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in mouse embryonic fibroblasts of NPs are drastically reduced, but the surface coating has no effect on the process by which NPs mainly induce cell death. Overall, this study reveals that the tuning of the surface properties of NPs allows us to regulate their biological outcomes by controlling their ability to adsorb serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Barbalinardo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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Sena P, Mancini S, Bertacchini J, Carnevale G, Pedroni M, Roncucci L. Autoimmunity Profiles as Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Colorectal Cancer versus Those with Cancer at Other Sites: A Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133239. [PMID: 34209517 PMCID: PMC8269181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The clinical utility of tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAABs) detected in patient sera with different types of cancer has not yet been established. Their possible use in early cancer detection, oncological follow-up, and patient prognosis is highly desirable. We developed a prospective study to investigate the role of TAABs in a five-year survival analysis in different types of cancer patients. Overall, overproduction of TAABs is associated with advanced oncological disease, the presence of metastasis, and poorer prognosis of cancer patients. There is evidence that more intensive follow-up programs provide different results for colorectal cancer than other cancers, because more intensive follow-up improves survival and is cost-effective in colorectal cancer. It is necessary to emphasize that there are many important aspects of follow-up in addition to detection of recurrence, and this must lead to proposals to change the way follow-up care is delivered. Abstract Colorectal cancer represents a paradigmatic model of inflammatory carcinogenesis accompanied by the production of several kinds of tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAABs). The specific aim of this study is to define the clinical impact of the presence of non-specific circulating TAABs in a cohort of cancer patients and to establish whether significant differences were present between colorectal cancer and cancers at other sites. For this aim a prospective study was developed and a five-year survival analysis performed. Indirect immunofluorescence on rat tissues for non-organ specific autoantibodies (NOSAs: liver-kidney-stomach), on rat colon substrates (colon-related autoantibodies, CAAs) and on HEp-2 cell lines was performed. NOSA positivity was more frequent in patients with colorectal cancer than in those with cancer at other sites. Survival analysis demonstrated a significantly worse prognosis in cancer patients positive for TAABs. CAA positivity is a predictor of survival, independently from the presence of comorbidities, and HEp-2 reactivity was a strong predictor of survival in a stepwise Cox-regression model, including stage at diagnosis. Overall overproduction of TAABs is associated with advanced oncological disease, the presence of metastasis, and poorer prognosis of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (P.S.); (J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefano Mancini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Santa Maria Bianca Hospital, AUSL Modena, Via A. Fogazzaro 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy;
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (P.S.); (J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (P.S.); (J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Monica Pedroni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Luca Roncucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Di Tinco R, Bertani G, Pisciotta A, Bertoni L, Bertacchini J, Colombari B, Conserva E, Blasi E, Consolo U, Carnevale G. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Air-Polishing Treatments and Their Influence on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Seeded on Titanium Disks. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020865. [PMID: 33467097 PMCID: PMC7830275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are one of the most frequently used treatment options for tooth replacement, and titanium is the metal of choice due to its demonstrated superiority in resisting corrosion, lack of allergic reactions and mechanical strength. Surface roughness of titanium implants favors the osseointegration process; nevertheless, its topography may provide a suitable substrate for bacterial biofilm deposition, causing peri-implantitis and leading to implant failure. Subgingival prophylaxis treatments with cleansing powders aimed to remove the bacterial accumulation are under investigation. Two different air-polishing powders—glycine and tagatose—were assayed for their cleaning and antimicrobial potential against a Pseudomonas biofilm and for their effects on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), seeded on sandblasted titanium disks. Immunofluorescence analyses were carried out to evaluate cell adhesion, proliferation, stemness and osteogenic differentiation. The results demonstrate that both the powders have a great in vitro cleaning potential in the early period and do not show any negative effects during hDPSCs osteogenic differentiation process, suggesting their suitability for enhancing the biocompatibility of titanium implants. Our data suggest that the evaluated cleansing systems reduce microbial contamination and allow us to propose tagatose as an adequate alternative to the gold standard glycine for the air-polishing prophylaxis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Bruna Colombari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Enrico Conserva
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
- Operative Unit of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department Integrated Activity-Specialist Surgeries, University-Hospital of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Blasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Ugo Consolo
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
- Operative Unit of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department Integrated Activity-Specialist Surgeries, University-Hospital of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Smargiassi A, Bertacchini J, Checchi M, Potì F, Tenedini E, Montosi G, Magarò MS, Amore E, Cavani F, Ferretti M, Grisendi G, Maurel DB, Palumbo C. WISP-2 expression induced by Teriparatide treatment affects in vitro osteoblast differentiation and improves in vivo osteogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 513:110817. [PMID: 32439416 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Osteocyte, recognized as a major orchestrator of osteoblast and osteoclast activity, is the most important key player during bone remodeling processes. Imbalances occurring during bone remodeling, caused by hormone perturbations or by mechanical loading alterations, can induce bone pathologies such as osteoporosis. Recently, the active fraction of parathormone, PTH (1-34) or Teriparatide (TPTD), was chosen as election treatment for osteoporosis. The effect of such therapy is dependent on the temporal manner of administration. The molecular reasons why the type of administration regimen is so critical for the fate of bone remodeling are numerous and not yet well known. Our study attempts to analyze diverse signaling pathways directly activated in osteocytes upon TPTD treatment. By means of gene array analysis, we found many molecules upregulated or downregulated in osteocytes. Later, we paid attention to Wisp-2, a protein involved in the Wnt pathway, that is secreted by MLO-Y4 cells and increases upon TPTD treatment and that is able to positively influence the early phases of osteogenic differentiation. We also confirmed the pro osteogenic property of Wisp-2 during mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into the preliminary osteoblast phenotype. The same results were confirmed with an in vivo approach confirming a remarkable Wisp-2 expression in metaphyseal trabecular bone. These results highlighted the anabolic roles unrolled by osteocytes in controlling the action of neighboring cells, suggesting that the perturbation of certain signaling cascades, such as the Wnt pathway, is crucial for the positive regulation of bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Smargiassi
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health (ICMH), University Building, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Marta Checchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Potì
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurosciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Center for Genome Research, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuliana Montosi
- Center for Hemochromatosis, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Sara Magarò
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Emanuela Amore
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marzia Ferretti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Experimental Epileptology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Delphine B Maurel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, BioTis, INSERM Unit 1026, Bordeaux, France
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Checchi M, Bertacchini J, Cavani F, Magarò MS, Reggiani Bonetti L, Pugliese GR, Tamma R, Ribatti D, Maurel DB, Palumbo C. Scleral ossicles: angiogenic scaffolds, a novel biomaterial for regenerative medicine applications. Biomater Sci 2019; 8:413-425. [PMID: 31738355 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01234f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the current prolonged life expectancy, various pathologies affect increasingly the aging subjects. Regarding the musculoskeletal apparatus, bone fragility induces more susceptibility to fractures, often not accompanied by good ability of self-repairing, in particular when critical-size defects (CSD) occur. Currently orthopedic surgery makes use of allografting and autografting which, however, have limitations due to the scarce amount of tissue that can be taken from the donor, the possibility of disease transmission and donor site morbidity. The need to develop new solutions has pushed the field of tissue engineering (TE) research to study new scaffolds to be functionalized in order to obtain constructs capable of promoting tissue regeneration and achieve stable bone recovery over time. This investigation focuses on the most important aspect related to bone tissue regeneration: the angiogenic properties of the scaffold to be used. As an innovative solution, scleral ossicles (SOs), previously characterized as natural, biocompatible and spontaneously decellularized scaffolds used for bone repair, were tested for angiogenic potential and biocompatibility. To reach this purpose, in ovo Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (CAM) was firstly used to test the angiogenic potential; secondly, in vivo subcutaneous implantation of SOs (in a rat model) was performed in order to assess the biocompatibility and the inflammatory response. Finally, thanks to the analysis of mass spectrometry (LCMSQE), the putative proteins responsible for the SO angiogenic properties were identified. Thus, a novel natural biomaterial is proposed, which is (i) able to induce an angiogenic response in vivo by subcutaneous implantation in a non-immunodeficient animal model, (ii) which does not induce any inflammatory response, and (iii) is useful for regenerative medicine application for the healing of bone CSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Checchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Science and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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Ferretti M, Cavani F, Roli L, Checchi M, Magarò MS, Bertacchini J, Palumbo C. Interaction among Calcium Diet Content, PTH (1-34) Treatment and Balance of Bone Homeostasis in Rat Model: The Trabecular Bone as Keystone. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030753. [PMID: 30754633 PMCID: PMC6387065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is the second step (concerning normal diet restoration) of the our previous study (concerning the calcium-free diet) to determine whether normal diet restoration, with/without concomitant PTH (1-34) administration, can influence amounts and deposition sites of the total bone mass. Histomorphometric evaluations and immunohistochemical analysis for Sclerostin expression were conducted on the vertebral bodies and femurs in the rat model. The final goals are (i) to define timing and manners of bone mass changes when calcium is restored to the diet, (ii) to analyze the different involvement of the two bony architectures having different metabolism (i.e., trabecular versus cortical bone), and (iii) to verify the eventual role of PTH (1-34) administration. Results evidenced the greater involvement of the trabecular bone with respect to the cortical bone, in response to different levels of calcium content in the diet, and the effect of PTH, mostly in the recovery of trabecular bony architecture. The main findings emerged from the present study are (i) the importance of the interplay between mineral homeostasis and skeletal homeostasis in modulating and guiding bone's response to dietary/metabolic alterations and (ii) the evidence that the more involved bony architecture is the trabecular bone, the most susceptible to the dynamical balance of the two homeostases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Ferretti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cavani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Laura Roli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda USL of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy.
| | - Marta Checchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Maria Sara Magarò
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
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Bertacchini J, Mediani L, Beretti F, Guida M, Ghalali A, Brugnoli F, Bertagnolo V, Petricoin E, Poti F, Arioli J, Anselmi L, Bari A, McCubrey J, Martelli AM, Cocco L, Capitani S, Marmiroli S. Clusterin enhances AKT2‐mediated motility of normal and cancer prostate cells through a PTEN and PHLPP1 circuit. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:11188-11199. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Laura Mediani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Dentistry, and Morphology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Aram Ghalali
- Institute of Environment Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine Section of Anatomy and Histology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine Section of Anatomy and Histology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Emanuel Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics & Molecular Medicine, GMU Fairfax Virginia
| | - Francesco Poti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery‐Unit of Neurosciences University of Parma Parma Italy
| | - Jessica Arioli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Laura Anselmi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Alessia Bari
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health Program of Innovative Therapy in Oncology and Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - James McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville North Carolina
| | - Alberto M. Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine Section of Anatomy and Histology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
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Bertacchini J, Magarò MS, Potì F, Palumbo C. Osteocytes Specific GSK3 Inhibition Affects In Vitro Osteogenic Differentiation. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020061. [PMID: 29883388 PMCID: PMC6027076 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes, the most important regulators of bone processes, are producers of molecules (usually proteins) that act as signals in order to communicate with nearby cells. These factors control cell division (proliferation), differentiation, and survival. Substantial evidence showed different signaling pathways activated by osteocytes and involved in osteoblast differentiation, in particular in the last decade, when the Wingless-related integration site (WNT) pathway assumed a critical large importance. WNT activation by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) causes bone anabolism, making GSK3 a potential therapeutic target for bone diseases. In our study, we hypothesized an important role of the osteocyte MLO-Y4 conditioned medium in controlling the differentiation process of osteoblast cell line 2T3. We found an effect of diminished differentiation capability of 2T3 upon conditioning with medium from murine long bone osteocyte-Y4 cells (MLO-Y4) pre-treated with GSK3 inhibitor CHIR2201. The novel observations of this study provide knowledge about the inhibition of GSK3 in MLO-Y4 cells. This strategy could be used as a plausible target in osteocytes in order to regulate bone resorption mediated by a loss of osteoblasts activity through a paracrine loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Science and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Largo del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Maria Sara Magarò
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Science and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Largo del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesco Potì
- Unit of Neurosciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, via Volturno 39/F, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Science and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Largo del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
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18
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Behzad MM, Shahrabi S, Jaseb K, Bertacchini J, Ketabchi N, Saki N. Aberrant DNA Methylation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Cell Fate Control, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Response. Biochem Genet 2018; 56:149-175. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-018-9841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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Bertacchini J, Benincasa M, Checchi M, Cavani F, Smargiassi A, Ferretti M, Palumbo C. Expression and functional proteomic analyses of osteocytes from Xenopus laevis tested under mechanical stress conditions: preliminary observations on an appropriate new animal model. J Anat 2017; 231:823-834. [PMID: 28925539 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hitherto, the role of the osteocyte as transducer of mechanical stimuli into biological signals is far from settled. In this study, we used an appropriate model represented by the cortex of Xenopus laevis long bone diaphysis lacking (unlike the mammalian one) of vascular structures and containing only osteocytes inside the bone matrix. These structural features allow any change of protein profile that might be observed upon different experimental conditions, such as bone adaptation to stress/mechanical loading, to be ascribed specifically to osteocytes. The study was conducted by combining ultrastructural observations and two-dimensional electrophoresis for proteomic analysis. The osteocyte population was extracted from long bones of lower limbs of amphibian skeletons after different protocols (free and forced swimming). The experiments were performed on 210 frogs subdivided into five trials, each including free swimming frogs (controls) and frogs submitted to forced swimming (stressed). The stressed groups were obliged to swim (on movable spheres covering the bottom of a pool on a vibrating plate) continuously for 8 h, and killed 24 h later along with the control groups. Long bones free of soft tissues (periosteum, endosteum and bone marrow), as well as muscles of posterior limbs, were processed and analyzed for proteins differentially expressed or phosphorylated between the two sample groups. The comparative analysis showed that protein phosphorylation profiles differ between control and stressed groups. In particular, we found in long bones of stressed samples that both Erk1/2 and Akt are hyperphosphorylated; moreover, the different phosphorylation of putative Akt substrates (recognized by specific Akt phosphosubstrates-antibody) in stressed vs. control samples clearly demonstrated that Akt signaling is boosted by forced swimming (leading to an increase of mechanical stress) of amphibian long bones. In parallel, we found in posterior limb muscles that the expression of heat shock protein HSP27 and HSP70 stress markers increased upon the forced swimming condition. Because the cortexes of frog long bones are characterized by the presence of only osteocytes, all our results establish the suitability of the X. laevis animal model to study the bone response to stress conditions mediated by this cell type and pave the way for further analysis of the signaling pathways involved in these signal transduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Bertacchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Benincasa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Checchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Smargiassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marzia Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia umana. Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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20
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Morelli FF, Mediani L, Heldens L, Bertacchini J, Bigi I, Carrà AD, Vinet J, Carra S. An interaction study in mammalian cells demonstrates weak binding of HSPB2 to BAG3, which is regulated by HSPB3 and abrogated by HSPB8. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:531-540. [PMID: 28181153 PMCID: PMC5465030 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ten mammalian small heat shock proteins (sHSPs/HSPBs) show a different expression profile, although the majority of them are abundant in skeletal and cardiac muscles. HSPBs form hetero-oligomers and homo-oligomers by interacting together and complexes containing, e.g., HSPB2/HSPB3 or HSPB1/HSPB5 have been documented in mammalian cells and muscles. Moreover, HSPB8 associates with the Hsc70/Hsp70 co-chaperone BAG3, in mammalian, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. Interaction of HSPB8 with BAG3 regulates its stability and function. Weak association of HSPB5 and HSPB6 with BAG3 has been also reported upon overexpression in cells, supporting the idea that BAG3 might indirectly modulate the function of several HSPBs. However, it is yet unknown whether other HSPBs highly expressed in muscles such as HSPB2 and HSPB3 also bind to BAG3. Here, we report that in mammalian cells, upon overexpression, HSPB2 binds to BAG3 with an affinity weaker than HSPB8. HSPB2 competes with HSPB8 for binding to BAG3. In contrast, HSPB3 negatively regulates HSPB2 association with BAG3. In human myoblasts that express HSPB2, HSPB3, HSPB8, and BAG3, the latter interacts selectively with HSPB8. Combining these data, it supports the interpretation that HSPB8-BAG3 is the preferred interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica F Morelli
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Mediani
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Lonneke Heldens
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bigi
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Arianna Dorotea Carrà
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Jonathan Vinet
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Serena Carra
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Smargiassi A, Bertacchini J, Checchi M, Cavani F, Ferretti M, Palumbo C. Biocompatibility Analyses of Al₂O₃-Treated Titanium Plates Tested with Osteocyte and Fibroblast Cell Lines. Biomedicines 2017; 5:E32. [PMID: 28621746 PMCID: PMC5489818 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osseointegration of a titanium implant is still an issue in dental/orthopedic implants durable over time. The good integration of these implants is mainly due to their surface and topography. We obtained an innovative titanium surface by shooting different-in-size particles of Al₂O₃ against the titanium scaffolds which seems to be ideal for bone integration. To corroborate that, we used two different cell lines: MLO-Y4 (murine osteocytes) and 293 (human fibroblasts) and tested the titanium scaffolds untreated and treated (i.e., Al₂O₃ shot-peened titanium surfaces). Distribution, density, and expression of adhesion molecules (fibronectin and vitronectin) were evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal microscope (CM). DAPI and fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies were used to highlight nuclei, fibronectin, and vitronectin, under CM; cell distribution was analyzed after gold-palladium sputtering of samples by SEM. The engineered biomaterial surfaces showed under SEM irregular morphology displaying variously-shaped spicules. Both SEM and CM observations showed better outcome in terms of cell adhesion and distribution in treated titanium surfaces with respect to the untreated ones. The results obtained clearly showed that this kind of surface-treated titanium, used to manufacture devices for dental implantology: (i) is very suitable for cell colonization, essential prerequisite for the best osseointegration, and (ii) represents an excellent solution for the development of further engineered implants with the target to obtain recovery of stable dental function over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Smargiassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia Umana, Università di Modena e R.E, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia Umana, Università di Modena e R.E, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Marta Checchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia Umana, Università di Modena e R.E, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cavani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia Umana, Università di Modena e R.E, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Marzia Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia Umana, Università di Modena e R.E, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Sezione di Morfologia Umana, Università di Modena e R.E, 41124 Modena, Italy.
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22
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Heidari N, Abroun S, Bertacchini J, Vosoughi T, Rahim F, Saki N. Significance of Inactivated Genes in Leukemia: Pathogenesis and Prognosis. Cell J 2017; 19:9-26. [PMID: 28580304 PMCID: PMC5448318 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2017.4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic and genetic alterations are two mechanisms participating in leukemia, which can inactivate genes involved in leukemia pathogenesis or progression. The purpose of this review was to introduce various inactivated genes and evaluate their possible role in leukemia pathogenesis and prognosis. By searching the mesh words "Gene, Silencing AND Leukemia" in PubMed website, relevant English articles dealt with human subjects as of 2000 were included in this study. Gene inactivation in leukemia is largely mediated by promoter's hypermethylation of gene involving in cellular functions such as cell cycle, apoptosis, and gene transcription. Inactivated genes, such as ASPP1, TP53, IKZF1 and P15, may correlate with poor prognosis in acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), respectively. Gene inactivation may play a considerable role in leukemia pathogenesis and prognosis, which can be considered as complementary diagnostic tests to differentiate different leukemia types, determine leukemia prognosis, and also detect response to therapy. In general, this review showed some genes inactivated only in leukemia (with differences between B-ALL, T-ALL, CLL, AML and CML). These differences could be of interest as an additional tool to better categorize leukemia types. Furthermore; based on inactivated genes, a diverse classification of Leukemias could represent a powerful method to address a targeted therapy of the patients, in order to minimize side effects of conventional therapies and to enhance new drug strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Heidari
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Abroun
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Signal Transduction Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tina Vosoughi
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fakher Rahim
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ruzzene M, Bertacchini J, Toker A, Marmiroli S. Cross-talk between the CK2 and AKT signaling pathways in cancer. Adv Biol Regul 2017; 64:1-8. [PMID: 28373060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CK2 and AKT display a high degree of cross-regulation of their respective functions, both directly, through physical interaction and phosphorylation, and indirectly, through an intense cross-talk of key downstream effectors, ultimately leading to sustained AKT activation. Being CK2 and AKT attractive targets for therapeutic intervention, here we would like to emphasize how AKT and CK2 might influence cell fate through their complex isoform-specific and contextual-dependent cross-talk, to the extent that such functional interplay should be considered when devising therapies that target one or both these key signaling kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ruzzene
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Cell Signaling Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Cell Signaling Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
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24
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Mediani L, Gibellini F, Bertacchini J, Frasson C, Bosco R, Accordi B, Basso G, Bonora M, Calabrò ML, Mattiolo A, Sgarbi G, Baracca A, Pinton P, Riva G, Rampazzo E, Petrizza L, Prodi L, Milani D, Luppi M, Potenza L, De Pol A, Cocco L, Capitani S, Marmiroli S. Reversal of the glycolytic phenotype of primary effusion lymphoma cells by combined targeting of cellular metabolism and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5521-37. [PMID: 26575168 PMCID: PMC4868703 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PEL is a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, occurring predominantly as a lymphomatous effusion in body cavities, characterized by aggressive clinical course, with no standard therapy. Based on previous reports that PEL cells display a Warburg phenotype, we hypothesized that the highly hypoxic environment in which they grow in vivo makes them more reliant on glycolysis, and more vulnerable to drugs targeting this pathway. We established here that indeed PEL cells in hypoxia are more sensitive to glycolysis inhibition. Furthermore, since PI3K/Akt/mTOR has been proposed as a drug target in PEL, we ascertained that pathway-specific inhibitors, namely the dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor, PF-04691502, and the Akt inhibitor, Akti 1/2, display improved cytotoxicity to PEL cells in hypoxic conditions. Unexpectedly, we found that these drugs reduce lactate production/extracellular acidification rate, and, in combination with the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), they shift PEL cells metabolism from aerobic glycolysis towards oxidative respiration. Moreover, the associations possess strong synergistic cytotoxicity towards PEL cells, and thus may reduce adverse reaction in vivo, while displaying very low toxicity to normal lymphocytes. Finally, we showed that the association of 2-DG and PF-04691502 maintains its cytotoxic and proapoptotic effect also in PEL cells co-cultured with human primary mesothelial cells, a condition known to mimic the in vivo environment and to exert a protective and pro-survival action. All together, these results provide a compelling rationale for the clinical development of new therapies for the treatment of PEL, based on combined targeting of glycolytic metabolism and constitutively activated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mediani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Gibellini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Frasson
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health and Institute of Pediatric Research - Città della Speranza Foundation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bosco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Benedetta Accordi
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health and Institute of Pediatric Research - Città della Speranza Foundation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health and Institute of Pediatric Research - Città della Speranza Foundation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Calabrò
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Adriana Mattiolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sgarbi
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Baracca
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Riva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, AOU Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Rampazzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Petrizza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Prodi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mario Luppi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, AOU Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Leonardo Potenza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, AOU Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Ahmadzadeh A, Khodadi E, Shahjahani M, Bertacchini J, Vosoughi T, Saki N. The Role of HDACs as Leukemia Therapy Targets using HDI. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2015; 9:203-14. [PMID: 26865932 PMCID: PMC4748691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are the enzymes causing deacetylation of histone and non-histone substrates. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) are a family of drugs eliminating the effect of HDACs in malignant cells via inhibition of HDACs. Due to extensive effects upon gene expression through interference with fusion genes and transcription factors, HDACs cause proliferation and migration of malignant cells, inhibiting apoptosis in these cells via tumor suppressor genes. Over expression evaluation of HDACs in leukemias may be a new approach for diagnosis of leukemia, which can present new targets for leukemia therapy. HDIs inhibit HDACs, increase acetylation in histones, cause up- or down regulation in some genes and result in differentiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in malignant cells via cytotoxic effects. Progress in identification of new HDIs capable of tracking several targets in the cell can result in novel achievements in treatment and increase survival in patients. In this review, we examine the role of HDACs as therapeutic targets in various types of leukemia as well as the role of HDIs in inhibition of HDACs for treatment of these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ahmadzadeh
- Health research institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elahe Khodadi
- Health research institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahjahani
- Health research institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tina Vosoughi
- Health research institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Health research institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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26
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Cenni V, Capanni C, Mattioli E, Columbaro M, Wehnert M, Ortolani M, Fini M, Novelli G, Bertacchini J, Maraldi NM, Marmiroli S, D'Apice MR, Prencipe S, Squarzoni S, Lattanzi G. Rapamycin treatment of Mandibuloacral dysplasia cells rescues localization of chromatin-associated proteins and cell cycle dynamics. Aging (Albany NY) 2015; 6:755-70. [PMID: 25324471 PMCID: PMC4233654 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A is a key component of the nuclear lamina produced through post-translational processing of its precursor known as prelamin A. LMNA mutations leading to farnesylated prelamin A accumulation are known to cause lipodystrophy, progeroid and developmental diseases, including Mandibuloacral dysplasia, a mild progeroid syndrome with partial lipodystrophy and altered bone turnover. Thus, degradation of prelamin A is expected to improve the disease phenotype. Here, we show different susceptibilities of prelamin A forms to proteolysis and further demonstrate that treatment with rapamycin efficiently and selectively triggers lysosomal degradation of farnesylated prelamin A, the most toxic processing intermediate. Importantly, rapamycin treatment of Mandibuloacral dysplasia cells, which feature very low levels of the NAD-dependent sirtuin SIRT-1 in the nuclear matrix, restores SIRT-1 localization and distribution of chromatin markers, elicits release of the transcription factor Oct-1 and determines shortening of the prolonged S-phase. These findings indicate the drug as a possible treatment for Mandibuloacral dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cenni
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manfred Wehnert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michela Ortolani
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies and BITTA, RIT, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Laboratory, CEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Nadir M Maraldi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Laboratory, CEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria D'Apice
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy. Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR-IOR, Bologna, Italy. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
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27
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Bertacchini J, Heidari N, Mediani L, Capitani S, Shahjahani M, Ahmadzadeh A, Saki N. Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR network for treatment of leukemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2337-47. [PMID: 25712020 PMCID: PMC11113278 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been observed in a huge number of malignancies. This pathway can function as a prosurvival factor in leukemia stem cells and early committed leukemic precursors and its inhibition is regarded as a therapeutic approach. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to evaluate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors used in leukemia models. DISCUSSION Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been reported to have beneficial therapeutic effects in leukemias, both in vitro in leukemia cell lines and in vivo in animal models. Overall, the use of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, dual Akt/RTK inhibitor, Akt inhibitor, selective inhibitor of PI3K, mTOR inhibitor and dual PI3K/PDK1 inhibitor in CML, AML, APL, CLL, B-ALL and T-ALL has a better therapeutic effect than conventional treatments. CONCLUSIONS Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may have pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative effects on hematological malignancies. Furthermore, modulation of miRNA can be used as a novel therapeutic approach to regulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. However, both aspects require further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nazanin Heidari
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Laura Mediani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mohammad Shahjahani
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ahmadzadeh
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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28
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Bertacchini J, Beretti F, Cenni V, Guida M, Gibellini F, Mediani L, Marin O, Maraldi NM, de Pol A, Lattanzi G, Cocco L, Marmiroli S. The protein kinase Akt/PKB regulates both prelamin A degradation and Lmna gene expression. FASEB J 2013; 27:2145-55. [PMID: 23430973 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-218214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt/PKB is a major signaling hub integrating metabolic, survival, growth, and cell cycle regulatory signals. The definition of the phospho-motif cipher driving phosphorylation by Akt led to the identification of hundreds of putative substrates, and it is therefore pivotal to identify those whose phosphorylation by Akt is of consequence to biological processes. The Lmna gene products lamin A/C and the lamin A precursor prelamin A are type V intermediate filament proteins forming a filamentous meshwork, the lamina, underneath the inner nuclear membrane, for nuclear envelope structures organization and interphase chromatin anchoring. In our previous work, we reported that A-type lamins are phosphorylated by Akt at S301 and S404 in physiological conditions and are therefore bona fide substrates of Akt. We report here that Akt phosphorylation at S404 targets the precursor prelamin A for degradation. We further demonstrate that Akt also regulates Lmna transcription. Our study unveils a previously unknown function of Akt in the control of prelamin A stability and expression. Moreover, given the large number of diseases related to prelamin A, our findings represent a further important step bridging basic A-type lamin physiology to therapeutic approaches for lamin A-linked disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Bertacchini
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Maraldi T, Bertacchini J, Benincasa M, Guida M, De Pol A, Liotta LA, Petricoin E, Cocco L, Marmiroli S. Reverse-phase protein microarrays (RPPA) as a diagnostic and therapeutic guide in multidrug resistant leukemia. Int J Oncol 2010; 38:427-35. [PMID: 21132263 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2010.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse-phase microarray assays using phospho-specific antibodies (RPPA) can directly measure levels of phosphorylated protein isoforms. In the current study, lysates from parental and multidrug resistant (MDR) CEM leukemia cells were spotted onto reverse-phase protein microarrays and probed with a panel of phospho-antibodies to ERK, PCK and Akt pathways. In particular, the Akt pathway is considered to play significant roles in leukemia and Akt inhibitor therapy has been proposed as a potential tool in the treatment of this disease. The RPPA data prompted us to investigate deeper this pathway. Here, we found that whereas total Akt1 protein level is higher in parental CEM cells, the activated isoform content, p-Akt1, increases in doxorubicin-selected CEM cells (MDR-CEM). This was backed up by Western blot analysis, confirming that Akt1 activity/phosphorylation may be up-regulated in MDR-CEM cells. Further exploration of inhibitory therapy in this system was evaluated. The TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL, has been shown to selectively kill tumor cells. Herein, we describe that in MDR-CEM cells TRAIL responsiveness correlates with a reduced expression of endogenous Akt1, suggesting that the MDR phenotype associated to P-gp sensitizes cells to TRAIL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and CIPro Proteomics Centre, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41100 Modena, Italy
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30
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Marmiroli S, Bertacchini J, Beretti F, Cenni V, Guida M, De Pol A, Maraldi NM, Lattanzi G. A-type lamins and signaling: the PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway moves forward. J Cell Physiol 2009; 220:553-61. [PMID: 19479937 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lamin A/C is a nuclear lamina constituent mutated in a number of human inherited disorders collectively referred to as laminopathies. The occurrence and significance of lamin A/C interplay with signaling molecules is an old question, suggested by pioneer studies performed in vitro. However, this relevant question has remained substantially unanswered, until data obtained in cellular and organismal models of laminopathies have indicated two main aspects of lamin A function. The first aspect is that lamins establish functional interactions with different protein platforms, the second aspect is that lamin A/C activity and altered function may elicit different effects in different cells and tissue types and even in different districts of the same tissue. Both these observations strongly suggest that signaling mechanisms targeting lamin A/C or its binding partners may regulate such a plastic behavior. A number of very recent data show involvement of kinases, as Akt and Erk, or phosphatases, as PP1 and PP2, in lamin A-linked cellular mechanisms. Moreover, altered activation of signaling in laminopathies and rescue of the pathological phenotype in animal models by inhibitors of signaling pathways, strongly suggest that signaling effectors related to lamin A/C may be implicated in the pathogenesis of laminopathies and may represent targets of therapeutic intervention. In face of such an open perspective of basic and applied research, we review current evidence of lamin A/C interplay with signaling molecules, with particular emphasis on the lamin A-Akt interaction and on the biological significance of their relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and CIPro Proteomics Centre, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Del Pozzo 71, I-41100 Modena, I.G.M.-CNR, Unit of Bologna, c/o IOR, via di Barbiano, Bologna I-40136, Italy.
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31
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Maraldi T, Riccio M, Sena P, Marzona L, Nicoli A, La Marca A, Marmiroli S, Bertacchini J, La Sala G, De Pol A. MATER protein as substrate of PKCepsilon in human cumulus cells. Mol Hum Reprod 2009; 15:499-506. [PMID: 19542546 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gap048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway in cumulus cells plays an important role in FSH regulation of cell function and Protein Kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) collaborates with these signalling pathways to regulate cell proliferation. Relevant roles in follicular development are played by Maternal Antigen That Embryos Require (MATER) that is a cumulus cell- and oocyte-specific protein dependent on the maternal genome. We recently demonstrated that human MATER localizes at specific domains of oocytes and, for the first time, also in cumulus cells. MATER contains a carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain involved in protein-protein interactions regulating different cellular functions. Here we investigated the functional role of MATER. Thus, we performed coimmunoprecipitation experiments using HEK293T cells expressing human MATER; a similar approach was then followed in human cumulus/follicular cells. In MATER(+)HEK293T cells, we observed that this protein acts as a phosphorylation substrate of PKCepsilon. Western blot experiments indicate that, unlike oocytes, human cumulus cells express PKCepsilon. Immunoprecipitation and confocal analysis suggest for the first time that MATER protein interacts with this protein kinase in cumulus cells under physiological conditions. Since PKCepsilon is known to collaborate with antiapoptotic signalling pathways, this suggests a novel mechanism for the function of MATER in follicular maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Maraldi
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Del Pozzo 71, 41100 Modena, Italy.
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Verdelli D, Nobili L, Todoerti K, Intini D, Cosenza M, Civallero M, Bertacchini J, Deliliers GL, Sacchi S, Lombardi L, Neri A. Molecular targeting of the PKC-βinhibitor enzastaurin (LY317615) in multiple myeloma involves a coordinated downregulation of MYC and IRF4 expression. Hematol Oncol 2009; 27:23-30. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Neri A, Marmiroli S, Tassone P, Lombardi L, Nobili L, Verdelli D, Civallero M, Cosenza M, Bertacchini J, Federico M, De Pol A, Deliliers GL, Sacchi S. The oral protein-kinase C beta inhibitor enzastaurin (LY317615) suppresses signalling through the AKT pathway, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell lines. Leuk Lymphoma 2008; 49:1374-83. [PMID: 18452078 DOI: 10.1080/10428190802078289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of the protein kinase C (PKC) signalling pathway has been implicated in tumor progression. Here we investigated the PKC inhibitor enzastaurin for its activity against multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Enzastaurin suppresses cell proliferation in a large panel of human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs), with IC50 values ranging from 1.3 to 12.5 microM and induces apoptosis, which is prevented by the ZVAD-fmk broad caspase inhibitor. These results are consistent with decreased phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3-beta, a downstream target of the AKT pathway and a pharmacodynamic marker for enzastaurin. Furthermore, enzastaurin cytotoxicity is retained when HMCLs were cocultured with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. Enzastaurin has additive or synergistic cytotoxic effects with bortezomib or thalidomide. Considering the strong anti-myeloma activity of enzastaurin in vitro and in animal models and its safe toxicity profile, phase II studies in MM patients of enzastaurin alone or in combination with other drugs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Neri
- Center of Molecular Genetics and Gene Expression, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Italy
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34
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Cenni V, Bertacchini J, Beretti F, Lattanzi G, Bavelloni A, Riccio M, Ruzzene M, Marin O, Arrigoni G, Parnaik V, Wehnert M, Maraldi NM, de Pol A, Cocco L, Marmiroli S. Lamin A Ser404 is a nuclear target of Akt phosphorylation in C2C12 cells. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:4727-35. [PMID: 18808171 DOI: 10.1021/pr800262g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Akt/PKB is a central activator of multiple signaling pathways coupled with a large number of stimuli. Although both localization and activity of Akt in the nuclear compartment are well-documented, most Akt substrates identified so far are located in the cytoplasm, while nuclear substrates have remained elusive. A proteomic-based search for nuclear substrates of Akt was undertaken, exploiting 2D-electrophoresis/MS in combination with an anti-Akt phosphosubstrate antibody. This analysis indicated lamin A/C as a putative substrate of Akt in C2C12 cells. In vitro phosphorylation of endogenous lamin A/C by recombinant Akt further validated this result. Moreover, by phosphopeptide analysis and point mutation, we established that lamin A/C is phosphorylated by Akt at Ser404, in an evolutionary conserved Akt motif. To delve deeper into this, we raised an antibody against the lamin A Ser404 phosphopeptide which allowed us to determine that phosphorylation of lamin A Ser404 is triggered by the well-known Akt activator insulin, and is therefore to be regarded as a physiological response. Remarkably, expression of S404A lamin A in primary cells from healthy tissue caused the nuclear abnormalities that are a hallmark of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) cells. Indeed, it is known that mutations at several sites in lamin A/C cause autosomal dominant EDMD. Very importantly, we show here that Akt failed to phosphorylate lamin A/C in primary cells from an EDMD-2 patient with lamin A/C mutated in the Akt consensus motif. Together, our data demonstrate that lamin A/C is a novel signaling target of Akt, and implicate Akt phosphorylation of lamin A/C in the correct function of the nuclear lamina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cenni
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and CIPro Proteomics Centre, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Del Pozzo 71, I-41100 Modena, Italy
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Di Maira G, Brustolon F, Bertacchini J, Tosoni K, Marmiroli S, Pinna LA, Ruzzene M. Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase CK2 reverts the multidrug resistance phenotype of a CEM cell line characterized by high CK2 level. Oncogene 2007; 26:6915-26. [PMID: 17486073 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 is an ubiquitous and constitutively active kinase, which phosphorylates many cellular proteins and is implicated in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation and transformation. We investigated its possible involvement in the multidrug resistance phenotype (MDR) by analysing its level in two variants of CEM cells, namely S-CEM and R-CEM, normally sensitive or resistant to chemical apoptosis, respectively. We found that, while the CK2 regulatory subunit beta was equally expressed in the two cell variants, CK2alpha catalytic subunit was higher in R-CEM and this was accompanied by a higher phosphorylation of endogenous protein substrates. Pharmacological downregulation of CK2 activity by a panel of specific inhibitors, or knockdown of CK2alpha expression by RNA interference, were able to induce cell death in R-CEM. CK2 inhibitors could promote an increased uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs inside the cells and sensitize them to drug-induced apoptosis in a co-operative manner. CK2 blockade was also effective in inducing cell death of a different MDR line (U2OS). We therefore conclude that inhibition of CK2 can be considered as a promising tool to revert the MDR phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Maira
- Department of Biological Chemistry and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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