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Kim DH, Hong J, Shin DY, Kim I, Yoon SS, Bang SM, Lee JO, Lee JY, Kim SA, Byun JM, Koh Y. Phase II trial of posaconazole prophylaxis during anti-thymocyte globulin treatment for aplastic anaemia and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome. Br J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 38699798 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Yeop Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja Min Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngil Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Lee Y, Seo SH, Kim J, Kim SA, Lee JY, Lee JO, Bang SM, Park KU, Hwang SM. Diagnostic Approaches to Investigate JAK2-Unmutated Erythrocytosis Based on a Single Tertiary Center Experience. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:311-318. [PMID: 38568469 PMCID: PMC11068693 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-024-00703-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erythrocytosis is attributed to various clinical and molecular factors. Many cases of JAK2-unmutated erythrocytosis remain undiagnosed. We investigated the characteristics and causes of JAK2-unmutated erythrocytosis. METHODS We assessed the clinical and laboratory results of patients with erythrocytosis without JAK2 mutations and performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels for somatic and germline mutations. RESULTS In total, 117 patients with JAK2-unmutated erythrocytosis were included. The median hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were 17.9 g/dL and 53.4%, respectively. Erythropoietin levels were not below the reference range. Thrombotic events were reported in 17 patients (14.5%). Among JAK2-unmutated patients, 44 had undergone targeted panel sequencing consisting of myeloid neoplasm-related genes, and 16 had one or more reportable variants in ASXL1 (5/44), TET2, CALR, FLT3, and SH2B3 (2/44). Additional testing for germline causes revealed eight variants in seven genes in eight patients, including NF1, BPGM, EPAS1, PIEZO1, RHAG, SH2B3, and VHL genes. One NF1 pathogenic, one BPGM likely pathogenic, and six variants of undetermined significance were detected. CONCLUSION Somatic and germline mutations were identified in 36.4% and 33.3 % of the JAK2-unmutated group; most variants had unknown clinical significance. Not all genetic causes have been identified; comprehensive diagnostic approaches are crucial for identifying the cause of erythrocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngeun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soo-Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Mee Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Oh S, Mai XL, Kim J, de Guzman ACV, Lee JY, Park S. Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (1 and 2) in cancer and other diseases. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01222-1. [PMID: 38689091 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle (GPS) is composed of two different enzymes: cytosolic NAD+-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) and mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2). These two enzymes work together to act as an NADH shuttle for mitochondrial bioenergetics and function as an important bridge between glucose and lipid metabolism. Since these genes were discovered in the 1960s, their abnormal expression has been described in various metabolic diseases and tumors. Nevertheless, it took a long time until scientists could investigate the causal relationship of these enzymes in those pathophysiological conditions. To date, numerous studies have explored the involvement and mechanisms of GPD1 and GPD2 in cancer and other diseases, encompassing reports of controversial and non-conventional mechanisms. In this review, we summarize and update current knowledge regarding the functions and effects of GPS to provide an overview of how the enzymes influence disease conditions. The potential and challenges of developing therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xuan Linh Mai
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Arvie Camille V de Guzman
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Kim SA, Choi GH, Lee JY, Jang ES, Lee JO, Kim JW, Jeong SH, Bang SM. Apixaban for the treatment of acute splanchnic vein thrombosis: A pilot study. Thromb Res 2024; 237:181-183. [PMID: 38626593 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-A Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hyeon Choi
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Jang
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Mee Bang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JY, Kwon JH, Hur JY, Yi JH, Lee JH, Cho H, Do YR, Jo JC, Kang HJ, Koh Y, Lee WS, Lim SN, Yoon SE, Kim SJ, Lee JO. Pembrolizumab for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma in Korea. Cancer Res Treat 2024; 56:681-687. [PMID: 37946408 PMCID: PMC11016643 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Programmed death-1 blockade with pembrolizumab has shown promising activity in relapsed/refractory (R/R) extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL), but studies are limited, with small patient numbers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen institutes involved with the Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma, a Korean lymphoma study group, collected the clinical data of 59 patients treated with pembrolizumab as salvage therapy between 2016 and 2022. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 60 years (range, 22 to 87 years), and 76.3% had advanced Ann Abor stage disease. Pembrolizumab was given to 35.6%, 40.7%, and 23.7% of the patients as second-, third-, and fourth- or higher-line chemotherapy, respectively. The overall response rate was 40.7%, with 28.8% having complete response. The estimated 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates for all patients were 21.5% and 28.7%, respectively; for responders, the rates were 53.0% and 60.7%, respectively. Although not statistically significant, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥ 2 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.93 to 3.94; p=0.078) and stage III or IV disease (HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 0.96 to 6.96; p=0.060) were associated with a trend toward shorter PFS in multivariate analysis. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs) were noted in 12 patients (20.3%); neutropenia (10.2%), fatigue (6.8%), and pneumonitis (5.1%) were most common AEs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, while pembrolizumab had a modest effect on patients with R/R NKTCL, it may be a useful salvage therapy for patients with localized disease and good performance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joon Young Hur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Jun Ho Yi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Cho
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Rok Do
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Cheol Jo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yougil Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Sik Lee
- Department of Internal medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Nam Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Eun Yoon
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Lee JY, Bentzon R, Di Nucci E. What Is A Family? A Constitutive-Affirmative Account. J Bioeth Inq 2024:10.1007/s11673-024-10339-x. [PMID: 38528309 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Bio-heteronormative conceptions of the family have long reinforced a nuclear ideal of the family as a heterosexual marriage, with children who are the genetic progeny of that union. This ideal, however, has also long been resisted in light of recent social developments, exhibited through the increased incidence and acceptance of step-families, donor-conceived families, and so forth. Although to this end some might claim that the bio-heteronormative ideal is not necessary for a social unit to count as a family, a more systematic conceptualization of the family-the kind of family that matters morally-is relatively underexplored in the philosophical literature. This paper makes a start at developing and defending an account of the family that is normatively attractive and in line with the growing prevalence of non-conventional families and methods of family-formation. Our account, which we call a constitutive-affirmative model of the family, takes the family to be constituted by an ongoing process of relevant affective and affirmative relations between the putative family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K, Denmark.
| | - R Bentzon
- University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K, Denmark
| | - E Di Nucci
- University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K, Denmark
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Lee JY, Kim JH, Choi JM, Noh BW, Kim HY, Cho EJ. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Artemisia argyi H. Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum in the LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells and DSS-Induced Colitis Model. Foods 2024; 13:998. [PMID: 38611304 PMCID: PMC11011819 DOI: 10.3390/foods13070998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by abnormal immune responses in the intestinal mucosa and gut microorganisms. Unlike other mugworts, Artemisia argyi H. (A. argyi H.) enhances antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects, but the improvement effects against gut inflammation have not yet been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm the alleviation of the inflammatory state in the gut by A. argyi H. fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum (FAA), using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis models. In vitro, FAA (10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) was pretreated into RAW 264.7 cells, followed with LPS (100 ng/mL), which induced the cell damage. Meanwhile, in vivo, FAA (100, 200 mg/kg/day) was orally administered into 6-week-old C57BL/6N mice for 3 weeks. During the last week of FAA administration, 2.5% DSS was used to induce colitis. The results showed that FAA reduced the production of nitric oxide (p < 0.0001), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 (p < 0.0001), and IL-1β (p < 0.0001) in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, in the DSS-induced colitis model, FAA alleviated clinical symptoms (p < 0.001), inhibited the inflammatory state by reducing the production of TNF-α (p < 0.0001) and interferon-γ in intestinal immune cells (p < 0.0001), and strengthened the intestinal barrier by increasing the number of goblet cells (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects were confirmed by the alleviation of histological damage (p < 0.001) and down-regulation of the expression of inflammatory proteins (TLR4, p < 0.0001; MyD88, p < 0.0001; Cox-2, p < 0.0001). These results suggest the potential of FAA as a dietary ingredient for preventing inflammation in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
| | - Ji Myung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Wook Noh
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
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Kim SJ, Jo Y, Park SJ, Ji E, Lee JY, Choi E, Baek JY, Jang IY, Jung HW, Kim K, Ryu D, Yoo HJ, Kim BJ. Metabolomic profiles of ovariectomized mice and their associations with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x. [PMID: 38493245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause, a dramatical estrogen-deficient condition, is considered the most significant milestone in women's health. PURPOSE To investigate the metabolite changes attributed to estrogen deficiency using random forest (RF)-based machine learning (ML) modeling strategy in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as determine the clinical relevance of selected metabolites in older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that metabolites related to TCA cycle, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, and amino acids, were significantly changed in the plasma and/or muscle of OVX mice. Subsequent ML classifiers based on RF algorithm selected alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), arginine, carnosine, ceramide C24, phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C36:6, and PC ae C42:3 in plasma as well as PC aa 34:1, PC aa C34:3, PC aa C36:5, PC aa C32:1, PC aa C36:2, and sphingosine in muscle as top featured metabolites that differentiate the OVX mice from the sham-operated group. When circulating levels of AKG, arginine, and carnosine, which showed the most significant changes in OVX mice blood, were measured in postmenopausal women, higher plasma AKG levels were associated with lower bone mass, weak grip strength, poor physical performance, and increased frailty risk. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics- and ML-based methods identified the key metabolites of blood and muscle that were significantly changed after ovariectomy in mice, and the clinical implication of several metabolites was investigated by looking at their correlation with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. These findings provide crucial context for understanding the diverse physiological alterations caused by estrogen deficiency in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Y Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Ji
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J-Y Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - I Y Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - H-W Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - K Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Gwak M, Yun JP, Lee JY, Han SS, Park P, Lee C. Attention-guided jaw bone lesion diagnosis in panoramic radiography using minimal labeling effort. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4981. [PMID: 38424124 PMCID: PMC10904826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing a deep-learning-based diagnostic model demands extensive labor for medical image labeling. Attempts to reduce the labor often lead to incomplete or inaccurate labeling, limiting the diagnostic performance of models. This paper (i) constructs an attention-guiding framework that enhances the diagnostic performance of jaw bone pathology by utilizing attention information with partially labeled data; (ii) introduces an additional loss to minimize the discrepancy between network attention and its label; (iii) introduces a trapezoid augmentation method to maximize the utility of minimally labeled data. The dataset includes 716 panoramic radiograph data for jaw bone lesions and normal cases collected and labeled by two radiologists from January 2019 to February 2021. Experiments show that guiding network attention with even 5% of attention-labeled data can enhance the diagnostic accuracy for pathology from 92.41 to 96.57%. Furthermore, ablation studies reveal that the proposed augmentation methods outperform prior preprocessing and augmentation combinations, achieving an accuracy of 99.17%. The results affirm the capability of the proposed framework in fine-grained diagnosis using minimally labeled data, offering a practical solution to the challenges of medical image analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseon Gwak
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Pil Yun
- Manufacturing AI Research Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
- KITECH School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - PooGyeon Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chena Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Chiang KS, Chang YM, Liu HI, Lee JY, Jarroudi ME, Bock CH. Survival Analysis as a Basis for Testing Hypotheses when Using Quantitative Ordinal Scale Disease Severity Data. Phytopathology 2024; 114:378-392. [PMID: 37606348 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-23-0055-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Disease severity in plant pathology is often measured by the amount of a plant or plant part that exhibits disease symptoms. This is typically assessed using a numerical scale, which allows a standardized, convenient, and quick method of rating. These scales, known as quantitative ordinal scales (QOS), divide the percentage scale into a predetermined number of intervals. There are various ways to analyze these ordinal data, with traditional methods involving the use of midpoint conversion to represent the interval. However, this may not be precise enough, as it is only an estimate of the true value. In this case, the data may be considered interval-censored, meaning that we have some knowledge of the value but not an exact measurement. This type of uncertainty is known as censoring, and techniques that address censoring, such as survival analysis (SA), use all available information and account for this uncertainty. To investigate the pros and cons of using SA with QOS measurements, we conducted a simulation based on three pathosystems. The results showed that SA almost always outperformed midpoint conversion with data analyzed using a t test, particularly when data were not normally distributed. Midpoint conversion is currently a standard procedure. In certain cases, the midpoint approach required a 400% increase in sample size to achieve the same power as the SA method. However, as the mean severity increases, fewer additional samples are needed (approximately an additional 100%), regardless of the assessment method used. Based on these findings, we conclude that SA is a valuable method for enhancing the power of hypothesis testing when analyzing QOS severity data. Future research should investigate the wider use of survival analysis techniques in plant pathology and their potential applications in the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Chiang
- Division of Biometrics, Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Y M Chang
- Department of Statistics, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - H I Liu
- Bachelor Program in Industrial Artificial Intelligence, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Statistics, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - M El Jarroudi
- University of Liège, Department of Environmental Sciences and Management, SPHERES Research Unit, Arlon, Belgium
| | - C H Bock
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008, U.S.A
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Adhikari G, Carlin N, Choi JJ, Choi S, Ezeribe AC, França LE, Ha C, Hahn IS, Hollick SJ, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kauer M, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim KW, Kim SH, Kim SK, Kim WK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Lee DH, Lee EK, Lee H, Lee HS, Lee HY, Lee IS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Lee SH, Lee SM, Lee YJ, Leonard DS, Luan NT, Manzato BB, Maruyama RH, Neal RJ, Nikkel JA, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Park SD, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Cavalcante DFFS, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201802. [PMID: 38039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - L E França
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hollick
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W K Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N T Luan
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B B Manzato
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R J Neal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D F F S Cavalcante
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Yhim HY, Lee J, Kim KH, Kim SA, Lee JY, Hwang HG, Hong J, Lee JO, Bang SM. Increased risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism in patients with colorectal cancer receiving cetuximab-based combination chemotherapy: A population-based study in Korea. Thromb Res 2023; 231:50-57. [PMID: 37804738 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limited data exist on the risk of venous and arterial thromboembolisms (VTE and ATE) in patients receiving cetuximab plus chemotherapy. We aimed to determine the thromboembolic risk of patients with recurrent/metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone. METHODS This population-based study used nationwide claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of South Korea from 2013 to 2020. Patients with recurrent/metastatic CRC treated with first-line oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based doublets with or without cetuximab and no secondary prevention for VTE and ATE were included. Primary outcomes were the occurrence of any thromboembolic events, VTE, and ATE, which were determined using the cumulative incidence method incorporating death as a competing event. RESULTS We identified 19,723 patients (cetuximab plus chemotherapy, N = 7630; chemotherapy alone, N = 12,093). The cumulative incidence of any thromboembolic events in patients with cetuximab plus chemotherapy was significantly higher than in those receiving chemotherapy alone (6-month, 5.62 % vs. 3.58 %, P < 0.0001). The rates of VTE (6-month, 5.11 % vs. 3.28 %, P < 0.0001) and ATE (6-month, 0.53 % vs. 0.32 %, P = 0.0218) were also higher in patients receiving cetuximab plus chemotherapy. In multivariable analysis, cetuximab plus chemotherapy was independently associated with developing any thromboembolic events (hazard ratio [HR], 1.63; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.42-1.87), VTE (HR, 1.62; 95 % CI, 1.40-1.87), and ATE (HR, 1.77; 95 % CI, 1.16-2.71). CONCLUSIONS Cetuximab with irinotecan- or oxaliplatin-based doublet chemotherapy was associated with an increased risk of any thromboembolic events, VTE, and ATE; further studies are warranted to examine the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Young Yhim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ha Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Gyu Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JY, Dess RT, Zelefsky MJ, Davis BJ, Horwitz EM, Cooperberg MR, Zaorsky NG, Jia AY, Sandler HM, Efstathiou JA, Pisansky TM, Hall E, Tree A, Roy S, Bolla M, Nabid A, Zapatero A, Kishan AU, Spratt DE, Sun Y. Individual Patient Data Analysis of 17 Randomized Trials vs. Real-World Data for Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e404-e405. [PMID: 37785347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Prior work has demonstrated poor correlation between the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence (RWD). However, patients enrolled in RCTs are often considered to poorly represent the real-world population. Herein, we utilize multiple large data repositories to determine differences in baseline characteristics and long-term outcomes between patients enrolled in RCTs and RWD that received radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS Meta-Analysis of Randomized trials in Cancer of the Prostate (MARCAP) Consortium was leveraged, and 17 phase III randomized trials were included. RWD were accessed through the Staging Collaboration for Cancer of the Prostate (STAR-CAP) cohort, a cohort that is comprised of >60 centers across the United States and Europe. Additionally, RWD was assessed via the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. MARCAP and STAR-CAP both contain outcomes for distant metastasis (DM), metastasis-free survival (MFS), prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM), and overall survival (OS). SEER only contains PCSM and OS. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and chi-square test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was conducted, balancing for age, PSA, Gleason score, T stage, and treatment year in the three cohorts. Cox and Fine-Gray regression models were used to compare disease outcomes between RCTs vs. RWD. RESULTS Data from 10,666 patients from RCTs, 6,530 patients in STAR-CAP, and 117,586 patients in SEER were included. SEER patients were slightly younger (p<0.001, median age 68 (IQR 62-73) than those in RCTs (70, IQR 65-74) and in STAR-CAP (70, IQR 64-74). 10-year OS in RCTs was 65.4%, STAR-CAP 70.2%, SEER 64.1%. OS was superior in STAR-CAP (RCTs as reference; HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.96, p<0.0001), but there was no significant difference between SEER and RCTs (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.91-1.02, p = 0.22). 10-year PCSM cumulative incidence was 7.4% in RCTs, 8.1% in STAR-CAP, and 11.0% in SEER. There was no significant difference in PCSM between STAR-CAP RWD and RCTs (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78-1.01, p = 0.08), whereas PCSM was worse in SEER than RCTs (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.21-1.55, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in DM between STAR-CAP RWD and RCTs (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.83-1.04, p = 0.2). CONCLUSION While baseline differences exist in patients enrolled on localized prostate cancer RCTs and real-world datasets, there were small if any significant relative differences in oncologic outcomes. This provides reassurance that RCT results are generally applicable to patients in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - R T Dess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M J Zelefsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - B J Davis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - E M Horwitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M R Cooperberg
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - N G Zaorsky
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - A Y Jia
- Weill Cornell Medical College/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - H M Sandler
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J A Efstathiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - T M Pisansky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - E Hall
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Tree
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Roy
- Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, IL
| | - M Bolla
- Department of Radiation Oncology. CHU Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - A Nabid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - A Zapatero
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - A U Kishan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - D E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Y Sun
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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Shin J, Lee JY, Lee GW, Kim WS, Park Y, Do YR, Kim DS, Kim KH, Choi YS, Byun JM, Hong J, Kim I, Yoon SS, Koh Y. Phase II study of bortezomib, cytarabine and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:e54-e57. [PMID: 37408333 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Shin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Won Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Won Seog Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Rok Do
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dae Sik Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Choi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ja Min Byun
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inho Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngil Koh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Scior K, Patel M, Goldsmith-Sumner A, Hayden N, Lee JY, Lunsky Y, Osborne M, Richardson L, Stewart-Brown S, Hastings RP. Development and initial psychometric properties of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale-Intellectual Disability version. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:893-900. [PMID: 37129069 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS; Tennant et al., 2007) is yet to be validated in the intellectual disability (ID) population. The aim of this study was to report the development process and assess the psychometric properties of a newly adapted version of the WEMWBS and the Short WEMWBS for individuals with mild to moderate IDs (WEMWBS-ID/SWEMWBS-ID). METHOD The WEMWBS item wordings and response options were revised by clinicians and researchers expert in the field of ID, and a visual aid was added to the scale. The adapted version was reviewed by 10 individuals with IDs. The measure was administered by researchers online using screenshare, to individuals aged 16+ years with mild to moderate IDs. Data from three UK samples were collated to evaluate the WEMWBS-ID (n = 96). A subsample (n = 22) completed the measure again 1 to 2 weeks later to assess test-retest reliability, and 95 participants additionally completed an adapted version of the adapted Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to examine convergent validity. Additional data from a Canadian sample (n = 27) were used to evaluate the SWEMWBS-ID (n = 123). RESULTS The WEMWBS-ID demonstrated good internal consistency (ω = 0.77-0.87), excellent test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = .88] and good convergent validity with the self-esteem scale (r = .48-.60) across samples. A confirmatory factor analysis for a single factor model demonstrated an adequate fit. The SWEMWBS-ID showed poor to good internal consistency (ω = 0.36-0.74), moderate test-retest reliability (ICC = .67) and good convergent validity (r = .48-.60) across samples, and a confirmatory factor analysis indicated good model fit for a single factor structure. CONCLUSIONS The WEMWBS-ID and short version demonstrated promising psychometric properties, when administered virtually by a researcher. Further exploration of the scales with larger, representative samples is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Scior
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Patel
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Goldsmith-Sumner
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Hayden
- CEDAR, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Y Lee
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Y Lunsky
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Osborne
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - L Richardson
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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Lee JY. Consent and the problem of epistemic injustice in obstetric care. J Med Ethics 2023; 49:618-619. [PMID: 37344201 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn 1017, Denmark
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Heo E, Jeong Y, Heo KN, Kim H, Kang HR, Park SK, Lee JY. Impact of β-lactam allergies on antibiotic use, clinical outcomes, and economic costs in patients receiving surgical prophylactic antibiotics. J Hosp Infect 2023; 139:249-250. [PMID: 37286106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Heo
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - K N Heo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Kang
- Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Park
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JY. Who should provide the uterus? The ethics of live donor recruitment for uterus transplantation. J Med Ethics 2023:jme-2023-109227. [PMID: 37640534 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Uterus transplantation (UTx) is an experimental surgery likely to face the issue of organ shortage. In my article, I explore how this issue might be addressed by changing the prevailing practices around live uterus donor recruitment. Currently, women with children - often the mothers of recipients - tend to be overrepresented as donors. Yet, other potentially eligible groups who may have an interest in providing their uterus - such as transgender men, or cisgender women who do not wish to gestate or to have children - tend to be excluded as potential donors. Moving forward, I recommend that donor inclusion criteria for UTx be broadened to be more inclusive of these latter groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn 1172, Denmark
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Kim YM, Oh R, Cho SH, June KJ, Lee JY, Cho HJ, Khang YH. The association of women's experience of abuse in childhood with depression during pregnancy and the role of emotional support as a moderator. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289044. [PMID: 37494390 PMCID: PMC10370752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the prevalence of antenatal depression and experience of abuse during childhood, to analyze the association between having experienced childhood abuse and depression during pregnancy, and to explore the role of emotional support as a moderator of that association. METHODS In total, 44,770 pregnant women were analyzed from the self-administered registry for risk assessment at community public health centers in Seoul, Republic of Korea, for home visiting service provision between 2015 and 2019. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was applied for the assessment of depression. The adjusted effects of childhood abuse experience on antepartum depression according to emotional support as an effect moderator were estimated. RESULTS Depression was present in 2,451 pregnant women (5.5%), and 1,506 (3.4%) reported having experienced physical, emotional, or sexual abuse in childhood. After adjustment of covariates, pregnant women who had experienced abuse during childhood had EPDS scores 2.79 points higher than pregnant women without such experiences, and those who lacked emotional support during adulthood had 4.96 points higher than their counterparts. The difference in EPDS scores based on childhood abuse experience among women who reported emotional support (2.86) was larger than the difference in EPDS scores among those with no emotional support (1.91) (P for interaction = 0.0106). CONCLUSIONS The experience of abuse in early life and emotional support in later life are both independently important for understanding antenatal depression in Korean women. More comprehensive emotional support is needed for pregnant women who experienced abuse in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Kim
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- School of Public Health, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rora Oh
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Cho
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ja June
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Khang
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Park J, Chung SW, Lee YB, Shin H, Hur MH, Cho H, Park MK, Youk J, Lee JY, Lee JO, Yu SJ, Kim YJ, Yoon JH, Kim TM, Lee JH. Treated chronic hepatitis B is a good prognostic factor of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Mol Hepatol 2023; 29:794-809. [PMID: 37196991 PMCID: PMC10366791 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2023.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Our recent study suggested that antiviral treatment may reduce the incidence of NHL in CHB patients. This study compared the prognoses of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients receiving antiviral treatment and HBV-unassociated DLBCL patients. METHODS This study comprised 928 DLBCL patients who were treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) at two referral centers in Korea. All patients with CHB received antiviral treatment. Time-to-progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. RESULTS Among the 928 patients in this study, 82 were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive (the CHB group) and 846 were HBsAg-negative (the non-CHB group). The median follow-up time was 50.5 months (interquartile range [IQR]=25.6-69.7 months). Multivariable analyses showed longer TTP in the CHB group than the non-CHB group both before inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.29-0.82, p=0.007) and after IPTW (aHR=0.42, 95% CI=0.26-0.70, p<0.001). The CHB group also had a longer OS than the non-CHB group both before IPTW (HR=0.55, 95% CI=0.33-0.92, log-rank p=0.02) and after IPTW (HR=0.53, 95% CI=0.32-0.99, log-rank p=0.02). Although liver-related deaths did not occur in the non-CHB group, two deaths occurred in the CHB group due to hepatocellular carcinoma and acute liver failure, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that HBV-associated DLBCL patients receiving antiviral treatment have significantly longer TTP and OS after R-CHOP treatment than HBV-unassociated DLBCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeayeon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Won Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Bin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjae Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Haeng Hur
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heejin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Youk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Kim M, Lee JJ, Min CK, Lee JY, Jo JC, Yoon SS, Lim SN, Do YR, Kim K, Lee JH, Yoo KH, Bae SH, Yi JH, Jung J, Eom HS, Jung SH. Busulfan plus melphalan versus high-dose melphalan as a conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma with high-risk features (KMM 2015). Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05308-0. [PMID: 37392367 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of effective agents for multiple myeloma (MM), the management of patients with high-risk MM (HRMM) is challenging. High-dose treatment followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is regarded as upfront treatment for transplant-eligible patients with HRMM. In the present study, we retrospectively investigated the efficacies of two conditioning regimens for upfront ASCT in newly diagnosed patients with MM and high-risk features: high-dose melphalan (HDMEL; 200 mg/m2) and busulfan plus melphalan (BUMEL). In total, 221 patients underwent ASCT between May 2005 and June 2021; among these 221 patients, 79 had high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities. In patients with high-risk cytogenetics, BUMEL showed a tendency toward longer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to HDMEL (median OS; not reached vs. 53.2 months; P = 0.091, median PFS; not reached vs. 31.7 months; P = 0.062). Additionally, multivariate analysis revealed that BUMEL was significantly associated with PFS (hazard ratio = 0.37, 95% confidence interval = 0.15-0.89, P = 0.026). We compared BUMEL with HDMEL in patients with other high-risk features, such as high lactate dehydrogenase level, extramedullary disease, and poor response to frontline therapy. Notably, among patients with less than very good partial response (VGPR) to frontline therapy, median PFS was significantly longer in the BUMEL group than in the HDMEL group (55.1 vs. 17.3 months, respectively; P = 0.011). These findings indicate that BUMEL may be an effective conditioning regimen for upfront ASCT in MM patients with high-risk cytogenetics; BUMEL may be more appropriate than HDMEL for patients with less than VGPR to frontline therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihee Kim
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hawsun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hawsun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Cheol Jo
- Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Nam Lim
- Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Rok Do
- Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwai Han Yoo
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Bae
- Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Ho Yi
- Chung-ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Sung-Hoon Jung
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hawsun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
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An JS, Lee H, Kim H, Woo S, Nam H, Lee J, Lee JY, Nam SJ, Lee SK, Oh KB, Kim S, Oh DC. Discovery and Biosynthesis of Cihunamides, Macrocyclic Antibacterial RiPPs with a Unique C-N Linkage Formed by CYP450 Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300998. [PMID: 37114290 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Cihunamides A-D (1-4), novel antibacterial RiPPs, were isolated from volcanic-island-derived Streptomyces sp. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated by 1 H, 13 C, and 15 N NMR, MS, and chemical derivatization; they contain a tetrapeptide core composed of WNIW, cyclized by a unique C-N linkage between two Trp units. Genome mining of the producer strain revealed two biosynthetic genes encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme and a precursor peptide. Heterologous co-expression of the core genes demonstrated the biosynthesis of cihunamides through P450-mediated oxidative Trp-Trp cross-linking. Further bioinformatic analysis uncovered 252 homologous gene clusters, including that of tryptorubins, which possess a distinct Trp-Trp linkage. Cihunamides do not display the non-canonical atropisomerism shown in tryptorubins, which are the founding members of the "atropitide" family. Therefore, we propose to use a new RiPP family name, "bitryptides", for cihunamides, tryptorubins, and their congeners, wherein the Trp-Trp linkages define the structural class rather than non-canonical atropisomerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Soo An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Hyunbin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Hyungyu Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Hyunsung Nam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Jayho Lee
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Oh
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Seokhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 (Republic of, Korea
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Noh S, Kim SA, Lee JY, Lee JO, Bang SM. A case report of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-like syndrome after Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. Blood Res 2023:br.2023.2023036. [PMID: 37312585 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2023036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sua Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soo Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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24
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Hyung J, Lee JY, Kim JE, Yoon S, Yoo C, Hong YS, Jeong JH, Kim TW, Jeon S, Jun HR, Jung CK, Jang JP, Kim J, Chun SM, Ahn JH. Safety and efficacy of trastuzumab biosimilar plus irinotecan or gemcitabine in patients with previously treated HER2 (ERBB2)-positive non-breast/non-gastric solid tumors: a phase II basket trial with circulating tumor DNA analysis. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101583. [PMID: 37327700 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (ERBB2)-directed agents are standard treatments for patients with HER2-positive breast and gastric cancer. Herein, we report the results of an open-label, single-center, phase II basket trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab biosimilar (Samfenet®) plus treatment of physician's choice for patients with previously treated HER2-positive advanced solid tumors, along with biomarker analysis employing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing. METHODS Patients with HER2-positive unresectable or metastatic non-breast, non-gastric solid tumors who failed at least one prior treatment were included in this study conducted at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Patients received trastuzumab combined with irinotecan or gemcitabine at the treating physicians' discretion. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate as per RECIST version 1.1. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and at the time of disease progression for ctDNA analysis. RESULTS Twenty-three patients were screened from 31 December 2019 to 17 September 2021, and 20 were enrolled in this study. Their median age was 64 years (30-84 years), and 13 patients (65.0%) were male. The most common primary tumor was hepatobiliary cancer (seven patients, 35.0%), followed by colorectal cancer (six patients, 30.0%). Among 18 patients with an available response evaluation, the objective response rate was 11.1% (95% confidence interval 3.1% to 32.8%). ERBB2 amplification was detected from ctDNA analysis of baseline plasma samples in 85% of patients (n = 17), and the ERBB2 copy number from ctDNA analysis showed a significant correlation with the results from tissue sequencing. Among 16 patients with post-progression ctDNA analysis, 7 (43.8%) developed new alterations. None of the patients discontinued the study due to adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Trastuzumab plus irinotecan or gemcitabine was safe and feasible for patients with previously treated HER2-positive advanced solid tumors with modest efficacy outcomes, and ctDNA analysis was useful for detecting HER2 amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hyung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - C Yoo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y S Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - T W Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Jeon
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - H R Jun
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | | | | | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Chun
- Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Ahn
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul.
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25
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Lee JY, Patel M, Scior K. Self-esteem and its relationship with depression and anxiety in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic literature review. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:499-518. [PMID: 36855028 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, low self-esteem has been linked with poorer mental and physical health. This systematic literature review aimed to summarise and evaluate the findings of studies that examined self-esteem in adults with intellectual disabilities and links with mental health outcomes. METHOD A systematic search of PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL was conducted to identify studies published between 1990 and 2021. The studies were appraised using the QualSyst tool. RESULTS Twenty-six articles were identified of which two studies were removed from the review due to low quality. Studies reported mixed evidence regarding levels of self-esteem compared with the general population. Engagement in activities appeared to be linked with positive self-esteem, and perception of negative interpersonal life events as having a negative impact was associated with lower self-esteem. There was evidence of co-occurrence of low self-esteem and depression, but no studies examined the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety. CONCLUSION Reviewed studies provided mixed evidence on levels of self-esteem in this population, suggesting that factors such as engagement in life were related to higher self-esteem and demonstrating the co-occurrence of low self-esteem and depression. However, clear causal links have yet to be identified, and more research is needed using longitudinal designs to answer questions about trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Patel
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Scior
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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Patel M, Lee JY, Scior K. Psychometric properties of measures designed to assess common mental health problems and wellbeing in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:397-414. [PMID: 36808653 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple measures of mental health problems and mental wellbeing for adults with intellectual disabilities are available, but investigations into their reliability and validity are still in the early stages. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an update to previous evaluations of measures of common mental health problems and wellbeing in adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities (ID). METHODS A systematic search was performed across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS). The literature search was limited to the years from 2009 to 2021 and to the original English versions. Ten papers evaluating nine measures were reviewed, and the psychometric properties of these measures were discussed using the Characteristics of Assessment Instructions for Psychiatric Disorders in Persons with Intellectual Developmental Disorders as a framework. RESULTS Four measures had at least one rating of 'good' across both dimensions of reliability and at least one dimension of validity and were deemed to have promising psychometric properties: the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Learning Disabilities, Impact of Events Scale-Intellectual Disabilities, Lancaster and Northgate Trauma Scales and Self-Assessment and Intervention (self-report section). Additionally, these measures were developed through consultations with mental health professionals and/or people with IDs and thus were deemed to have good content validity. CONCLUSIONS This review informs measurement choice for researchers and clinicians while highlighting a need for continued research efforts into the quality of measures available for people with IDs. The results were limited by incomplete psychometric evaluations of measures available. A paucity of psychometrically robust measures of mental wellbeing was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Patel
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Y Lee
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Scior
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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Lee Y, Baek S, Kim DK, Lee Y, Kim D, Jo S, Lim SK, Shin YS, Kwon S, Yang SM, Kim YT, Kang SS, Synn CB, Na K, Kim MH, Han H, Han YJ, Lee S, Kim JH, Yun MR, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Pyo KH, Cho BC, Yoon T. Abstract 3234: OCT-598, a novel EP2/EP4 dual antagonist, promotes anti-tumor immune responses in syngeneic mouse tumor models in combination with standard-of-care chemo- and immunotherapies. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is widely recognized as one of the major bioactive lipids that, with the striking regenerative potential, promote drug-resistance in cancer cells as well as immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Primarily driven by apoptotic cell death, PGE2 is thought to elicit wound-healing responses to help provide an immunosuppressive and proliferative niche that supports cancer stem cell repopulation and thereby therapy-resistance. While COX1/2 inhibitors that attenuate PGE2 production have shown promising anti-cancer effects in various (pre-)clinical settings, the gastrointestinal- and cardiotoxicities precluded their development as anti-cancer agents. It is anticipated that specific targeting of PGE2 signaling via its cognate receptors constitutes a safer and potentially more effective approach. Of the receptor subtypes EP1-4, Gα,s-coupled EP2 and EP4 are believed to be directly involved in immunosuppressive effects of PGE2.OCT-598 is a novel, highly potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual antagonist with Ki values of 23 nM and 0.2 nM vs EP2 and EP4, respectively. PGE2 inhibited normal differentiation of human monocytes into CD1a+CD16- dendritic cells under the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 and promoted differentiation towards CD1a-CD16+ macrophages in vitro. However, EP2/EP4 dual inhibition by OCT-598 reversed this phenomenon to a greater extent than either EP2- or EP4-specific inhibitor alone. In vivo, OCT-598 effected tumor growth inhibition in multiple syngeneic mouse models as a single agent as well as in combination with an immune checkpoint blocker (ICB). Furthermore, the addition of OCT-598 to the lung cancer standard-of-care regimen (anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy) in TC-1 mouse lung adenocarcinoma model gave rise to complete tumor regression. In conclusion, dual blockade of EP2 and EP4 by OCT-598 is shown to be a compelling strategy to reinforce antitumor effects by thwarting PGE2-mediated therapy resistance and immune evasion.Findings from this study provide a rationale for clinical development of OCT-598 as a therapeutic option for human malignant cancers.
Citation Format: Youngrae Lee, Sujeong Baek, Dong Kwon Kim, Yeri Lee, Donggeon Kim, Seongin Jo, Sang Kyun Lim, Young Sook Shin, Soonsang Kwon, Seung Min Yang, Young Taek Kim, Seong-San Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Kwangmin Na, Mi Hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Yu Jin Han, Sungwoo Lee, Jae Hwan Kim, Mi Ran Yun, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho, Taeyoung Yoon. OCT-598, a novel EP2/EP4 dual antagonist, promotes anti-tumor immune responses in syngeneic mouse tumor models in combination with standard-of-care chemo- and immunotherapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3234.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Kim
- 3Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Lee
- 4KANAPH Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggeon Kim
- 4KANAPH Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongin Jo
- 4KANAPH Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Seung Min Yang
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-San Kang
- 5JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 3Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 5JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yu MR, Yun MR, Lee JB, Lee JY, Aum SW, Choi SJ, Park JY, Oh SY, Lee EJ, Duggirala KB, Lee K, Hong MH, Lim SM, Jo A, Seah E, Kim C, Cho BC. Abstract 4029: JIN-A04, highly effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations in NSCLC. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of lung cancer patients. 2% - 4% of patients with NSCLC harbor human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene (HER2) mutations, being the 90 % of them exon 20 insertions. The most common HER2 mutations in NSCLC are exon 20 mutation A775_G776insYVMA (YVMA) mutation in the kinase domain. Currently, treatment options for this subset of patients are limited. JIN-A04 is an orally available tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting HER2 exon20 insertion mutations and has the potential to be a best-in-class drug candidate to address this unmet clinical need.
Method: The inhibitory activity of JIN-A04 was evaluated by cell viability assay in both Ba/F3 cell lines expressed HER2 YVMA and HER2 P780_Y781insGSP (GSP) mutations. Also, Ba/F3 HER2 wild-type (WT) and normal cell lines for HUVEC (endothelial cells) and BEAS-2B (human bronchial epithelial cells) were used to assess cellular activity. In addition, to confirm mechanism action, western blotting analysis was performed on Ba/F3 YVMA and Ba/F3 GSP cell lines.
Results: In cell viability assay, JIN-A04 strongly inhibited cellular activity against Ba/F3 cell lines engineering to express the mutants HER2 YVMA (IC50 = 11.1 nM) and GSP (IC50 = 1.4 nM). It was superior to Mobocertinib (IC50 = 27.1 nM for YVMA and IC50 = 3.3 nM for GSP) and comparable with Poziotinib (IC50 = 3.4 nM for YVMA and IC50 = 0.4 nM for GSP). In normal cell lines, JIN-A04 did not inhibit the activity of HUVEC (IC50 = > 1000 nM) and BEAS-2B (IC50 = > 1000 nM) cell lines, largely sparing HER2 WT activity (IC50 = > 1000 nM). In protein expression analysis, JIN-A04 was effectively inhibited in all signaling pathway of p-EGFR, p-AKT, p-ERK1/2, and p-S6 on Ba/F3 YVMA and Ba/F3 GSP cell lines at a low dose level.
Conclusion: JIN-A04 is highly potent against HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations including YVMA and GSP, while largely sparing HER2 WT activity. Also, JIN-A04 demonstrated effective HER2 pathway inhibition. Based on these robust activities for HER2 exon 20 insertion, JIN-A04 is expected to provide a potent therapeutic opportunity for NSCLC patients with HER2 exon20 insertion mutations.
Citation Format: Mi Ra Yu, Mi Ran Yun, Jii Bum Lee, Ji Yun Lee, So Won Aum, Su Jin Choi, Ju Yeon Park, Seung Yeon Oh, Eun Ji Lee, Krishna Babu Duggirala, Kwangho Lee, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Anna Jo, Ethan Seah, Choonok Kim, Byoung Chul Cho. JIN-A04, highly effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations in NSCLC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4029.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ra Yu
- 1Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 1Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 2Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 3Lung Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Won Aum
- 4Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Choi
- 4Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Park
- 4Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Oh
- 5Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- 5Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwangho Lee
- 6Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 7Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 7Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Jo
- 8J INTS BIO, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 2Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JY, Lee SM, Lee WK, Park JY, Kim DS. NAA10 Hypomethylation is associated with particulate matter exposure and worse prognosis for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2023; 27:72-82. [PMID: 37033451 PMCID: PMC10075488 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2189934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major health hazard worldwide and is a key factor in lung cancer, which remains the most common type of malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. DNA methylation is a critical mechanism underlying the detrimental effects of PM, however, the molecular link between PM exposure and lung cancer remains to be elucidated. N-α-acetyltransferase 10 (NAA10) is involved in the cell cycle, migration, apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation. In order to investigate the role of NAA10 in PM-induced pathogenesis processes leading to lung cancer, we determined the expression and methylation of NAA10 in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells treated with PM10, PM10-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and PM2.5 and evaluated the prognostic value of the NAA10 methylation status in lung cancer patients. Exposure to all PM types significantly increased the expression of NAA10 mRNA and decreased the methylation of the NAA10 promoter in NHBE cells compared with the mock-treated control. NAA10 hypomethylation was observed in 9.3% (13/140) of lung cancer tissue samples and correlated with NAA10 transcriptional upregulation. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that NAA10 hypomethylation was associated with decreased survival of patients with lung cancer. Therefore, these results suggest that PM-induced hypomethylation of the NAA10 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and may be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung cancer progression. Further studies with large numbers of patients are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Plus Biomedical Convergence Program, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Man Lee
- Department of Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Plus Biomedical Convergence Program, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Lim SM, Synn CB, Kang SS, Kim D, Lee SH, Baek S, Yang SM, Han YJ, Kim MH, Han H, Na K, Kim YT, Lee S, Yun MR, Kim JH, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee JB, Lee JY, Kim CG, Hong MH, Pyo KH, Curtin J, Patel B, Bergiers I. Abstract 5865: Combinatorial activity of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma expressing wild-type EGFR and MET. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Unmet needs exist for immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) due to its suboptimal response. Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Met, has been demonstrated to induce antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and trogocytosis in tumor cells. We hypothesized that combination of amivantamab with pembrolizumab may synergistically enhance antitumor immunity. In this study, we present comprehensive immunomodulatory and synergistic antitumor efficacy of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in humanized HNSCC and LUSC mice models.
Methods: EGFR and MET-expressing tumors from a HNSCC and a LUSC patient were transplanted into Hu-CD34-NSG to establish humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Tumor-bearing PDXs were treated with vehicle, pembrolizumab (10mpk, Q5D, n=10), amivantamab (10mpk, BIW, n=10), or a combination of pembrolizumab and amivantamab (n=10). Analysis of immune modulatory responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using multiplexed IHC, flow cytometry, and single cell RNA sequencing was performed.
Results: Combination of amivantamab and pembrolizumab showed a significant reduction of tumor volume (p<0.001) compared to vehicle or single treatment in both models. Additionally, significantly longer survival was observed for combination treated compared to the vehicle treated groups (p<0.0001). Multispectral imaging of tumor indicated that granzyme B-producing CD8+ T cells were significantly increased within the tumor in the combination group (p<0.01). Further analysis of T cell subsets suggested that central memory type CD8+ T cells were increased upon combination treatment. This group also demonstrated significantly higher CEA-tetramer positive CD8+ T cells in the tumor (p<0.01), suggesting that cytotoxic T cells recognizing tumor specific antigens enhanced antitumor immune response. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis of HNSCC showed that an EGFRhighMEThigh cluster was enriched in the TME after pembrolizumab treatment. This subcluster had elevated glycolysis and lactic acid pathway-related genes compared to EGFRlowMETlow cluster. Lactate transporter, MCT4 (SLC16A3) and LDHA genes were dramatically increased in the EGFRhighMEThigh cluster. Elevated lactic acid pathway may lead to immune evasion in the tumor, dampening the activity of pembrolizumab. Interestingly, combination treatment with amivantamab could reduce EGFRhighMEThigh cluster, and could effectively control tumor via creating favorable immune TME.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated combinatorial benefits of amivantamab and pembrolizumab by effectively remodeling TME, providing a preclinical rationale to clinically combine amivantamab and PD-1 blockade treatments.
Citation Format: Sun Min Lim, Chun-Bong Synn, Seong-san Kang, DongKwon Kim, Soo-Hwan Lee, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Mi Ran Yun, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Jii Bum Lee, Ji Yun Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Joshua Curtin, Bharvin Patel, Isabelle Bergiers. Combinatorial activity of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma expressing wild-type EGFR and MET [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5865.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Lim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- 2JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - DongKwon Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Lee
- 2JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi hyun Kim
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 2JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 4Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 4Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee S, Kim JH, Na K, Yang SM, Kim DK, Baek S, Kang SS, Han YJ, Synn CB, Kim MH, Han H, Kim YT, Lee S, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Pyo KH, Cho BC. Abstract 6780: Characterization of immunological heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment by integrated analyses using single cell RNAseq, spatial RNAseq and multiplex IHC. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Heterogeneity in resistant to immunotherapies of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been implicated in immunotherapies to cause immune evasion or drug resistance. This study was conducted to explore the heterogeneity of TME through multiplex IHC, spatial and RNA sequencing analysis. We selected a sample from a lung adenocarcinoma patient without EGFR-activating mutation and expressing 30% of PD-L1. For quantitative analysis by multiplex IHC, various markers including CD4, CD8, FoxP3, granzyme B, CD20 and pan-cytokeratin were stained with 7 different fluorescence dyes, which was imaged with Vectra Polaris (Akoya). For scRNAseq and spatial RNAseq, we used 5’ chromium library kit (10X Genomics) to make library construction. Integrated raw data was generated using Cell ranger, Seurat pipeline and Azimuth package. The tumor area was divided into 16 clusters in which we selected 2 clusters based on CD3/45 expression. There was a noticeable distinction between the two clusters which were defined as the ‘High’ region (CD45highCD3high cluster) and the ‘Low’ region (CD45lowCD3low cluster). By multiplex IHC, percentage of CD8+T cells was higher in the ‘High’ region than in the ‘Low’ region (8.5% vs. 0.8%, respectively). Subsequent analysis of two clusters using spatial and single cell RNA seq, the ‘Low’ region was characterized by increased hypoxia-associated gene expressions including HIF1A, HIF3A and VEGFA. Various immune cells were abundant in the ‘High’ region and CD45 expression level was 11-fold higher in the ‘High’ region compared to the ‘Low’ region. Cytokine/chemokine network analysis via spatial RNAseq revealed that gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family-associated factors increased in the 'High' region compared to the ‘Low’ region (TNF, FAS, TRAIL, RANKL and CD40), which is well-known to promotes apoptosis, programmed cell death, or necrosis of certain cancer. Additionally, the ‘High’ region also had elevated levels of the PD-1/PD-L1, CD155, CD122/TIGIT, Siglec10/CD24, LAG3/LAGLS3, and CD47/CD172a axes, suggesting active immune responses. Intriguingly, combined analyses showed that ‘High’ region showed enhanced level of CD44 expression as the leading-edged gene, which suggests the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Furthermore, scRNA analysis confirmed that CD44 expression was mainly higher in macrophages, suggesting that tumor-associated macrophages partially affected tumor cell metastasis in the ‘High’ region. Our finding suggests that understanding the intratumoral immunological heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma can help to study the mechanism of tumor heterogeneity by integrated spatial RNAseq and scRNAseq analyses. This type of technique could be applied to understand complex networks of anti-tumor immune activities, drug resistance mechanisms and immunotherapeutic response of cancer.
Citation Format: Seul Lee, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kwangmin Na, Seung Min Yang, Dong Kwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seong-san Kang, Yu Jin Han, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho. Characterization of immunological heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment by integrated analyses using single cell RNAseq, spatial RNAseq and multiplex IHC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6780.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Lee
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Kim
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- 4JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi-city, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi hyun Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 4JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi-city, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim D, Baek S, Yang SM, Han YJ, Kang SS, Synn CB, Kim MH, Han H, Na K, Kim YT, Lee S, Han T, Doh H, Cho J, Kim D, Cha D, Kim JH, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Yun MR, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Cho BC, Pyo KH. Abstract 5107: A novel AhR inhibitor ‘DA-4505’ improved the anti-cancer efficacy of surgical and chemotherapy via synergistic anti-tumor effects of aPD-1. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is one of the most predominant regulators of cancer metabolism. The AhR exerts important immunosuppressive functions by activating Treg cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells and repressing CD8+ effector T cells. Here, we propose that a best-in-class AhR inhibitor, DA-4505, improves anti-tumor efficacy via modulation of tumor immune surveillance compared to BAY2416964, an AHR antagonist drug candidate being studied in the clinical phase.
Methods: To evaluate anti-tumor effects of DA-4505 and BAY2416964, the two AhR inhibitors were dosed at 10 mg/kg once daily alone or in combination with aPD-1 (10 mg/kg) in surgical and chemotherapy models, and a PDX model (YHIM2004). Tumor volume, relapse, and survival were evaluated, and immune profiles were analyzed with IHC, flow cytometry, and scRNAseq.
Results: A significant tumor reduction appeared in the CT26 and 4T1 tumor models after the DA-4505 treatment compared to vehicle group (P<0.05). In contrast, DA-4505 treatment did not induce significant tumor regression compared to vehicle group in tumor-bearing NOG mice, suggesting that anti-tumor effects of DA-4505 were driven by immunologic mechanisms. To evaluate the role of DA-4505 in conjunction with surgery, DA-4505 alone or in combination with anti-PD-1 was given prior to and following resection of the tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Survival of mice treated with DA-4505 alone or DA-4505 combined with anti-PD-1 was significantly prolonged after resection compared to aPD-1 treatment group (P<0.05). In addition, there were four mice that did not have a relapse by treating DA-4505 with or without aPD-1 after surgery (4/5). A tumor regression also appeared in the YHIM2004-engrafted humanized mouse study. A tumor reduction was shown by treating DA-4505 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab compared to vehicle group (P<0.05). Next, we co-administered an AhR inhibitor and aPD-1 as a partner to improve the antitumor effects of chemotherapy. The DA-4505 add-on group showed tumor regression when compared with the combination therapy group treated with aPD-1 and chemotherapy (P<0.0001). In addition, a significant increase in survival rate was shown in the group treated with a DA-4505 add-on compared to vehicle group (P<0.001). Analysis of scRNAseq showed that M1 macrophage expressing CCL7 and CCL8 were increased in DA-4505 treated group compared to the vehicle and aPD-1 groups. This suggests that immune modulatory effect of DA-4505 may be due to enhanced recruitment of immune cells into the tumor site by macrophages with high chemotactic activity.
Conclusion: The AhR inhibitor DA-4505 demonstrated an improvement in anti-tumor efficacy. In addition, it has shown a synergistic effect when combined with aPD-1. Discoveries from this study provide a preclinical rationale for future clinical implications in solid tumor.
Citation Format: DongKwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Seong-san Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi Hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Taedong Han, Hyounmie Doh, Jongho Cho, Dajeong Kim, Daewon Cha, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Mi Ran Yun, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Byoung Chul Cho, Kyoung-Ho Pyo. A novel AhR inhibitor ‘DA-4505’ improved the anti-cancer efficacy of surgical and chemotherapy via synergistic anti-tumor effects of aPD-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5107.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongKwon Kim
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicinei University Inst. for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- 3JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicinei University Inst. for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 3JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Taedong Han
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyounmie Doh
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongho Cho
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Kim
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Cha
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 5Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 5Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choi JE, Jeon HS, Wee HJ, Lee JY, Lee WK, Lee SY, Yoo SS, Choi SH, Kim DS, Park JY. Epigenetic and genetic inactivation of tumor suppressor miR-135a in non-small-cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:1012-1020. [PMID: 36869643 PMCID: PMC10101835 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite therapeutic advances, lung cancer prognosis remains poor. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the 3p21 region is well documented in lung cancer, but the specific causative genes have not been identified. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we aimed to examine the clinical impact of miR-135a, located in the 3p21 region, in lung cancer. miR-135a expression was assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. LOH was analyzed at microsatellite loci D3S1076 and D3S1478, and promoter methylation status was determined by pyrosequencing of resected samples of primary non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) was evaluated in lung cancer cells H1299 by luciferase report assays after treatment with miR-135a mimics. RESULTS miR-135a was significantly downregulated in squamous cell cancer (SCC) tumor tissues compared to normal tissues (p = 0.001). Low miR-135a expression was more frequent in patients with SCC (p = 2.9 × 10-4 ) and smokers (p = 0.01). LOH and hypermethylation were detected in 27.8% (37/133) and 17.3% (23/133) of the tumors, respectively. Overall, 36.8% (49/133) of the NSCLC cases harbored either miR-135a LOH or promoter hypermethylation. The frequencies of LOH and hypermethylation were significantly associated with SCCs (p = 2 × 10-4 ) and late-stage (p = 0.04), respectively. MiR-135a inhibited the relative luciferase activity of psiCHECK2-TERT-3'UTR. CONCLUSION These results suggest that miR-135a may act as a tumor suppressor to play an important role in lung cancer carcinogenesis, which will provide a new insight into the translational value of miR-135a. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Eun Choi
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Hyo Sung Jeon
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Wee
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaboration Center in Kyungpook National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok HospitalDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Seung Soo Yoo
- Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok HospitalDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Sun Ha Choi
- Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok HospitalDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Dong Sun Kim
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
- Department of AnatomySchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok HospitalDaeguSouth Korea
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Kyaw KZ, Park J, Oh SH, Lee JY, Bae ES, Park HJ, Oh DC, Lee SK. Antimetastatic Activity of Apoptolidin A by Upregulation of N-Myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 1 Expression in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040491. [PMID: 37111248 PMCID: PMC10146635 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent tumors with high metastatic potential; consequently, finding new drug candidates that suppress tumor metastasis is essential. Apoptolidin A is a macrocyclic lactone produced by Amycolatopsis sp. DW02G. It exhibits significant cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines, but its effects on CRC cells remain unknown. Therefore, the present study investigated the antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities of apoptolidin A and its underlying molecular mechanisms in CRC cells. Apoptolidin A effectively inhibited CRC cell growth and colony formation. The induction of G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest was associated with the downregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 expression. Long-term exposure to apoptolidin A also induced apoptosis as confirmed by the downregulation and upregulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, respectively. Moreover, apoptolidin A effectively upregulated the suppressed expression of N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), a tumor suppressor gene, in a concentration-dependent manner in CRC cells. The antimetastatic potential of apoptolidin A was also correlated with the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, including the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, snail, and MMP9 in CRC cells. These findings suggest that apoptolidin A exerts antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities by regulating the NDRG1-activated EMT pathway in CRC cells.
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Lee JY. Surrogacy: beyond the commercial/altruistic distinction. J Med Ethics 2023; 49:196-199. [PMID: 35314464 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2021-108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, I critique the commonly accepted distinction between commercial and altruistic surrogacy arrangements. The moral legitimacy of surrogacy, I claim, does not hinge on whether it is paid ('commercial') or unpaid ('altruistic'); rather, it is best determined by appraisal of virtue-abiding conditions constitutive of the surrogacy arrangement. I begin my article by problematising the prevailing commercial/altruistic distinction; next, I demonstrate that an assessment of the virtue-abiding or non-virtue-abiding features of a surrogacy is crucial to navigating questions about the moral legitimacy of surrogacy; in the final part, I reject other moral heuristics that might be proposed as alternatives to the commercial/altruistic dichotomy, and reiterate that a virtue-ethical framework is the most suitable way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kang H, Lee EB, Lee S, Go TH, Lee JY, Lee SH, Song SA, Lim HK, Hong SP. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors increase the risk of bullous pemphigoid in older patients with diabetes: A retrospective analysis using the Korean National Health Insurance Database. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36799763 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - E B Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - T-H Go
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S A Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - H K Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S-P Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Lee JH, Kim SH, Kim HR, Min CK, Lee JJ, Shin HJ, Jo JC, Lee JY, Moon JH, Kim K. Real-world toxicity and effectiveness of ixazomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in Korean patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Int J Hematol 2023; 117:225-235. [PMID: 36369635 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Ixazomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (IRd) have proven efficacy and an excellent safety profile in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, there are limited reports on the real-world safety and effectiveness of IRd regimens in Asian patients with RRMM. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of 60 patients with RRMM who were treated with IRd. RESULTS The median patient age was 68 years. Forty percent of patients did not meet the eligibility criteria for the TOURMALINE-MM1 trial. Patients received a median of one prior line of therapy. Non-hematologic adverse events (AEs) were more common than hematologic AEs. The most common AE was skin rash, followed by gastrointestinal toxicities. Most grade 3 or higher AEs were observed in less than 5% of the patients, except for skin rashes and infections. IRd therapy did not aggravate peripheral neuropathy (PN) in 20 of the 24 patients with pre-existing peripheral neuropathy. The overall response rate was 85%. After a median follow-up of 26.3 months, the median progression-free survival was 25.9 months and overall survival was not reached. CONCLUSION Ixazomib and Rd combination therapy had a comparable toxicity profile and effectiveness in real-world RRMM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Shin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Cheol Jo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ho Moon
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130, Dongduk-Ro, Jung-Gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
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Kyaw KZ, Byun WS, Shin YH, Huynh TH, Lee JY, Bae ES, Park HJ, Oh DC, Lee SK. Antitumor Activity of Piceamycin by Upregulation of N-Myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 1 in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:2817-2827. [PMID: 36458922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Piceamycin (1), a macrocyclic lactam isolated from the silkworm's gut (Streptomyces sp. SD53 strain), reportedly possesses antibacterial activity. However, the potential anticancer activity and molecular processes underlying 1 have yet to be reported. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is high-risk cancer and accounts for 10% of all cancer cases worldwide. The high prevalence of resistance to radiation or chemotherapy means that patients with advanced CRC have a poor prognosis, with high recurrence and metastasis potential. Therefore, the present study investigated the antitumor effect and underlying mechanisms of 1 in CRC cells. The growth-inhibiting effect of 1 in CRC cells was correlated with the upregulation of a tumor suppressor, N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1). Additionally, 1 induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibited the migration of CRC cells. Notably, 1 disrupted the interaction between NDRG1 and c-Myc in CRC cells. In a mouse model with HCT116-implanted xenografts, the antitumor activity of 1 was confirmed by NDRG1 modulation. Overall, these findings show that 1 is a potential candidate for CRC treatment through regulation of NDGR1-mediated functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Zin Kyaw
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Sub Byun
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yern-Hyerk Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanh-Hau Huynh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seo Bae
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyen Joo Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee JY, June KJ, Khang YH, Kim YM, Cho HJ. Prevalence of intimate partner violence victimization among Korean perinatal women and associated factors. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2022; 161:649-654. [PMID: 36504407 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and the factors associated with IPV during pregnancy and the early postnatal period in Korean community samples. METHODS We enrolled 5953 pregnant mothers and mothers with young children registered in the Early Life Health Management Program provided by 30 public health centers in Korea between 2020 and 2021. We used the Korean Hurt, Insult, Threaten, and Scream (K-HITS) questionnaire to measure IPV. Sociodemographic, social support, and psychosocial variables were collected using self-administered questionnaires. χ2 tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using SAS. RESULTS Using a cut-off score of 6 with K-HITS, the prevalence of IPV was 7.6%. According to multivariable logistic analyses, "have seen domestic violence during childhood or adolescence" (odds ratio [OR] 2.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95-3.50), unplanned pregnancy (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.73-2.75), depression during pregnancy (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.69-2.79), history of receiving treatment for emotional problems (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.07-2.20), and living in a rural area (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.01-2.29) increased the odds of IPV. "Having someone who talk to" was protective of IPV (for" "Not having someone to talk to": OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.49-3.35). CONCLUSIONS Policies to prevent and address IPV during the perinatal period are urgently needed in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Program, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Ja June
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Program, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ho Khang
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Program, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Kim
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Program, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Public Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Program, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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40
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Kim DK, Synn CB, Yang SM, Kang S, Baek S, Oh SW, Lee GJ, Kang HW, Lee YS, Park JS, Kim JH, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee DJ, Kim HW, Park JD, Lee SS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Kim HR, Pyo KH, Cho BC. YH29407 with anti-PD-1 ameliorates anti-tumor effects via increased T cell functionality and antigen presenting machinery in the tumor microenvironment. Front Chem 2022; 10:998013. [PMID: 36545214 PMCID: PMC9761775 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.998013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Among cancer cells, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1) activity has been implicated in improving the proliferation and growth of cancer cells and suppressing immune cell activity. IDO1 is also responsible for the catabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine. Depletion of tryptophan and an increase in kynurenine exert important immunosuppressive functions by activating regulatory T cells and suppressing CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we compared the anti-tumor effects of YH29407, the best-in-class IDO1 inhibitor with improved pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, with first and second-generation IDO1 inhibitors (epacadostat and BMS-986205, respectively). YH29407 treatment alone and anti-PD-1 (aPD-1) combination treatment induced significant tumor suppression compared with competing drugs. In particular, combination treatment showed the best anti-tumor effects, with most tumors reduced and complete responses. Our observations suggest that improved anti-tumor effects were caused by an increase in T cell infiltration and activity after YH29407 treatment. Notably, an immune depletion assay confirmed that YH29407 is closely related to CD8+ T cells. RNA-seq results showed that treatment with YH29407 increased the expression of genes involved in T cell function and antigen presentation in tumors expressing ZAP70, LCK, NFATC2, B2M, and MYD88 genes. Our results suggest that an IDO1 inhibitor, YH29407, has enhanced PK/PD compared to previous IDO1 inhibitors by causing a change in the population of CD8+ T cells including infiltrating T cells into the tumor. Ultimately, YH29407 overcame the limitations of the competing drugs and displayed potential as an immunotherapy strategy in combination with aPD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kwon Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongsan Kang
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi, South Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Woong Oh
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyu-Jin Lee
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho-Woong Kang
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Sung Lee
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Suk Park
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Doo Jae Lee
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - June Dong Park
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea,Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Sook Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hey Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byoung Chul Cho, ; Kyoung-Ho Pyo,
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byoung Chul Cho, ; Kyoung-Ho Pyo,
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Yang J, Kim SH, Jung EH, Kim S, Suh KJ, Lee JY, Kim J, Kim JW, Lee J, Kim YJ, Lee K, Kim JH, Bang S, Lee JS. The effect of metformin or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors on clinical outcomes in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thorac Cancer 2022; 14:52-60. [PMID: 36351567 PMCID: PMC9807448 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical data have shown the immunomodulatory effects of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors in patients with diabetes. However, its clinical impact remains unclear in lung cancer. METHODS Between 2017 and 2021, 466 patients received ICI monotherapy. Patients were categorized into concurrent (MET; metformin or combination of metformin and DPP4 inhibitor) and without concomitant (NMET; nonmetformin/DPP4 inhibitors) administration of metformin and DPP4 inhibitors groups at least 8 weeks before and during ICI therapy. The primary objectives were the objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). The second objective was to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). RESULTS Among 466 patients, 89 (19.0%) and 377 (81%) were categorized into the MET and NMET groups, respectively. MET group had a significantly higher ORR (MET group: 24.7% vs. NMET group: 14.8%, p = 0.025) and longer PFS than those in the NMET group (MET group 5.1 month vs. NMET group 2.8 months, p = 0.018). After patients were stratified based on the prior line of therapy and PD L1 expression status, the PFS of the second-line therapy and PD L1 ≥50 was significantly higher in the MET than in the NMET group. The proportion of patients experiencing all-grade irAEs was numerically higher in the MET group (19.1%) than in the NMET group (14.3%), without statistical significance (p = 0.382). CONCLUSIONS Concurrent use of metformin and DPP4 inhibitors with ICIs significantly improved the clinical outcomes without increasing the incidence of irAEs in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Yang
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Jung
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang‐A Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Koung Jin Suh
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji‐Won Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Ok Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yu Jung Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Keun‐Wook Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Soo‐Mee Bang
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea,Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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42
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Hwang SM, Kim BJ, Lee JS, Seong MW, Seo SH, Paik JH, Kim SA, Lee JY, Lee JO, Chang YH, Bang SM. Immunohistochemical Staining to Identify Concomitant Systemic Mastocytosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with RUNX1::RUNX1T1. Ann Lab Med 2022; 42:678-682. [PMID: 35765876 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2022.42.6.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic mastocytosis with associated hematological neoplasm (SM-AHN) poses diagnostic challenges because of the coexistence of atypical mast cell proliferation and hematological neoplasms. We assessed the presence of SM-AHN in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 from 2014 to 2020. Bone marrow (BM) samples were evaluated for mast cell aggregates using CD117 and CD25 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The KIT D816V variant burden at diagnosis and post induction was assessed using droplet digital PCR. Among 23 patients diagnosed as having AML with RUNX1::RUNX1T1, four (17.4%) were also diagnosed as having SM-AHN. No significant differences in clinical characteristics or overall survival (P=0.565) were observed between patients with or without SM-AHN, except for the presence of KIT variants (P=0.040). After induction therapy, IHC staining revealed the presence of mast cell aggregates in the BM, and the KIT D816V variant burden decreased with decreasing blast count and was similar in BM aspirates, smear slides, and sections. Concomitant SM-AHN was not infrequent in AML patients with RUNX1::RUNX1T1. This study showed the importance of CD117 and CD25 IHC staining after induction chemotherapy for SM-AHN screening, especially in patients with KIT variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mee Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jee-Soo Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Woo Seong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Paik
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yoon Hwan Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Chung H, Seo H, Choi SH, Park CK, Kim TM, Park SH, Won JK, Lee JH, Lee ST, Lee JY, Hwang I, Kang KM, Yun TJ. Cluster Analysis of DSC MRI, Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI, and DWI Parameters Associated with Prognosis in Patients with Glioblastoma after Removal of the Contrast-Enhancing Component: A Preliminary Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1559-1566. [PMID: 36175084 PMCID: PMC9731243 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE No report has been published on the use of DSC MR imaging, DCE MR imaging, and DWI parameters in combination to create a prognostic prediction model in glioblastoma patients. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning-based model to find preoperative multiparametric MR imaging parameters associated with prognosis in patients with glioblastoma. Normalized CBV, volume transfer constant, and ADC of the nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions were evaluated using K-means clustering. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 142 patients with glioblastoma who underwent preoperative MR imaging and total resection were included in this retrospective study. From the normalized CBV, volume transfer constant, and ADC maps, the parametric data were sorted using the K-means clustering method. Patients were divided into training and test sets (ratio, 1:1), and the optimal number of clusters was determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were performed to identify potential parametric predictors. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was conducted to adjust for clinical predictors. RESULTS The nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions were divided into 6 clusters. The cluster (class 4) with the relatively low normalized CBV and volume transfer constant value and the lowest ADC values was most associated with predicting glioblastoma prognosis. The optimal cutoff of the class 4 volume fraction of nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions predicting 1-year progression-free survival was 9.70%, below which the cutoff was associated with longer progression-free survival. Two Kaplan-Meier curves based on the cutoff value showed a statistically significant difference (P = .037). When we adjusted for all clinical predictors, the cluster with the relatively low normalized CBV and volume transfer constant values and the lowest ADC value was an independent prognostic marker (hazard ratio, 3.04; P = .048). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed a concordance index of 0.699 for progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Our model showed that nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions with the relatively low normalized CBV, low volume transfer constant values, and the lowest ADC values could serve as useful prognostic imaging markers for predicting survival outcomes in patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chung
- From the Seoul National University College of Medicine (H.C., H.S.), Seoul, Korea
| | - H Seo
- From the Seoul National University College of Medicine (H.C., H.S.), Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research (S.H.C.), Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering (S.H.C.), Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C-K Park
- Department of Neurosurgery (C.-K.P.), Internal Medicine
| | - T M Kim
- Cancer Research Institute (T.M.K.)
| | - S-H Park
- Departments of Pathology (S.-H.P., J.K.W.), Radiation Oncology
| | - J K Won
- Departments of Pathology (S.-H.P., J.K.W.), Radiation Oncology
| | - J H Lee
- Cancer Research Institute (J.H.L.)
| | - S-T Lee
- Neurology (S.-T.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Hwang
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K M Kang
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - T J Yun
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JY, Park SE, Kim YM, Cho HJ, Khang YH. An analysis of the very high level of maternal distress experienced by South Korean women with young children. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274016. [PMID: 36129903 PMCID: PMC9491576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted as a part of a larger study to identify the needs of a maternal and early childhood home visit program that the South Korean central government has begun to expand nationwide. This survey measured the distress of mothers with children aged 2 years or younger during the transition into motherhood using the Being a Mother scale (BaM-13) and compared the stress levels for each question with those of existing studies in other countries. The survey results revealed that the mean BaM-13 score of the 350 participants was 17.09 (SD = 6.81), with 87.7% showing very high levels of maternal distress, indicated by a score of 9 or above in BaM-13. The item from the BaM-13 with the highest response rate of 2 or 3 points (sum of the percentage of those who answered 2 and 3 points) was “I have missed the life I had before I became pregnant with this baby/toddler,” to which 80.8% of the respondents agreed. The percentage of South Korean mothers who answered 2 or 3 points was higher for every item on the BaM-13 than that of Australian mothers. A comparison of the total BaM-13 score and 3 factors (child experience, adult’s experience, and emotional closeness) of the BaM-13 according to the participants’ characteristics revealed that discrepancies in women’s sociodemographic factors (including smoking and alcohol consumption behaviors) were not significant, whereas differences in the total BaM-13 score and the 3 factors of the BaM-13 according to the mothers’ scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were noticeable. The high level of maternal distress observed in this study should be reflected in the nurse-led maternal and early childhood home visit program that the South Korean central government is expanding across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sae Eun Park
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Kim
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Khang
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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45
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Lee JY, Lee SH, Hwangbo SA, Lee TG. A Comparison of Gelling Agents for Stable, Surfactant-Free Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6462. [PMID: 36143772 PMCID: PMC9502322 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Emulsions have a range of applications, for example, in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. However, the surfactants used to prepare such emulsions can often be toxic to humans and the environment and also affect the oil properties of emulsions. Therefore, interest in surfactant-free emulsions has increased in recent years. One method to enhance emulsion stability without a surfactant is to use a gelling agent to increase the viscosity. Gelling agents are viscous hydrocolloids that gel when dispersed in water, even at low concentrations. In this study, we prepared six oil-in-water emulsions (oil content 20%) with different gelling agents (xanthan gum, Carbopol 981, TR-2, and Ultrez 20) and investigated the effect of the gelling agent concentration. For each sample, particle size and emulsion stability analysis were performed at high temperatures to ensure the stability of the emulsions. We observed that the emulsion prepared using TR-2 (0.25 wt%) did not aggregate at high temperatures for one month. Based on our assessment of the stability of these emulsions under various conditions, we believe that the use of gelling agents for the preparation of surfactant-free emulsions shows great promise for applications requiring long-term stable emulsions, such as cosmetics and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- Nano Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- LG Household & Health Care, Technical Process Research Team, 175 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Seon Ae Hwangbo
- Nano Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Nano Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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46
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Lee JY. The limitations of liberal reproductive autonomy. Med Health Care Philos 2022; 25:523-529. [PMID: 35687215 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The common liberal understanding of reproductive autonomy - characterized by free choice and a principle of non-interference - serves as a useful way to analyse the normative appeal of having certain choices open to people in the reproductive realm, especially for issues like abortion rights. However, this liberal reading of reproductive autonomy only offers us a limited ethical understanding of what is at stake in many kinds of reproductive choices, particularly when it comes to different uses of reproductive technologies and third-party reproduction. This is because the liberal framework does not fully capture who benefits from which reproductive options, the extent of the risks and harms involved in various reproductive interventions, and the reasons for why people are driven to make certain reproductive choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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47
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Jung EH, Lee SW, Kim YJ, Kang B, Suh KJ, Lee JH, Jeon E, Kim D, Hur SS, Lee JY, Kim JW, Kim SH, Kim JW, Lee JO, Lee KW, Kim JH, Bang SM, Lee JS, Bruera E. Clinical Outcomes of Operating an Acute Palliative Care Unit at a Comprehensive Cancer Center. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:e1661-e1671. [DOI: 10.1200/op.22.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: Acute palliative care units (APCUs) are inpatient services in tertiary hospitals that provide intensive symptom management and assist in hospital discharge for transitions to hospice care. We aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes of operating an APCU at a comprehensive cancer center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,440 consecutive patients admitted to the APCU and analyzed demographic and clinical information, discharge outcomes, symptom assessments using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, spiritual distress, and financial distress. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 67.0 (range, 23-97) years, and 41% were female. The most common primary cancer types were lung (21.9%), hepatopancreatobiliary (14.1%), and colorectal cancers (12.9%). The median length of stay was 8.0 days (range, 1-60 days), and 31.0% of patients died in the APCU. Death in the APCU showed a significant decrease over time, and overall inpatient death in oncology wards did not increase after APCU opening. In total, 44.7% of patients were discharged to government-certified hospice centers. The proportion of patients discharged to certified hospice centers increased from 32.2% in 2015 to 62.4% in 2018. Among 715 patients with a follow-up evaluation 1 week after admission, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System symptom scores, spiritual distress, and financial distress showed statistically significant improvements compared with the baseline symptom scores ( P < .001). This improvement was limited to patients who did not die in the APCU. CONCLUSION: Patients with advanced cancer admitted to the APCU may experience significant improvements in distressing symptoms. The majority of patients requiring transition to hospice were successfully transferred to certified hospice centers. The percentage discharged alive improved over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hee Jung
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Won Lee
- Palliative Care Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jung Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Beodeul Kang
- Division of Medical Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Jin Suh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Esther Jeon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahee Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soun Hur
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Mee Bang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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48
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Lee MK, Ryu H, Lee JY, Jeong HH, Baek J, Van JY, Kim MJ, Jung WK, Lee B. Potential Beneficial Effects of Sargassum spp. in Skin Aging. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:540. [PMID: 36005543 PMCID: PMC9410049 DOI: 10.3390/md20080540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are receiving much attention as a rich source of bioactive compounds with cosmeceutical potential. Recent studies have revealed that Sargassum spp., a genus of brown algae in the family Sargassaceae, has multiple functions in preventing and improving skin aging. Sargassum spp. contains many bioactive compounds, such as fucoidan, fucoxanthin, terpenoids, flavonoids, and meroterpenoids. These Sargassum spp. extracts and derivative compounds have excellent potential for skincare, as they exhibit skin health-promoting properties, including antioxidants, anti-inflammation, whitening, skin barrier repair, and moisturizing. Therefore, searching for bioactive compounds in marine resources such as Sargassum spp. could be an attractive approach to preventing and improving skin aging. The current review focused on the various biological abilities of Sargassum extracts or derived compounds for anti-skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Heeyeon Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Hyeon Hak Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Van
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Myeong-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea
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Khang YH, June KJ, Park SE, Cho SH, Lee JY, Kim YM, Cho HJ. Is a universal nurse home visiting program possible? A cross-sectional survey of nurse home visitation service needs among pregnant women and mothers with young children. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272227. [PMID: 35925963 PMCID: PMC9352077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, the South Korean government established a plan to develop home visitation services for pregnant women and women with children below the age of 24 months and expand the services nationwide. Therefore, a national survey was needed to provide relevant information for the policy decision of whether to implement universal home visitation services by nurses for families with young children. To determine home visitation service needs in South Korea, 804 women who were pregnant or had children below the age of 24 months were selected as survey participants through stratified random sampling by region reflecting geographical distribution in numbers of births. Of them, 614 responded to survey questionnaires delivered via email. After excluding surveys with too short of a response time, extreme values, and incomplete answers, 500 participants’ responses were analyzed. Participants indicated whether they supported the provision of home visitation services and whether they were willing to utilize home visitation services. The survey also elicited responses regarding the level of needs for individual service items that could be delivered by nurses during home visits. The fieldwork was conducted by a consulting and research firm. The differences in whether respondents supported nurse home visitation services and intended to use nurse home visitation services according to mothers’ characteristics were examined using the chi-square test. In total, 88.0% of survey participants supported nurse home visitation services, and 81.2% indicated that they intended to receive the services. Most pregnant women and women with children below the age of 24 months responded positively to the various prenatal or postpartum services that nurses could provide during home visits. The percentages of support for the services and intention to use services were generally high among subgroups according to mothers’ characteristics. Therefore, universal home visitation services by nurses during pregnancy and in the postnatal period would be received well by Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Khang
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Kyung Ja June
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sae Eun Park
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Cho
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Kim
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- The Support Team for the Early Life Health Management Project, Seoul, Korea
- The Support Team for the Seoul Healthy First Step Project, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee MK, Hwang YH, Ryu H, Lee A, Jeong HH, Baek J, Kim MJ, Lee JY, Van JY, Liu Y, Choi CW, Kim MS, Lee B. Galla rhois water extract inhibits enzymatic browning in apple juice partly by binding to and inactivating polyphenol oxidase. Food Chem 2022; 383:132277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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