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P-57 Nerve ultrasound in polyneuropathy secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Clin Neurophysiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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The impact of apraxia and neglect on early rehabilitation outcome after stroke. Neurol Res Pract 2022; 4:46. [PMID: 36154935 PMCID: PMC9511731 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-022-00211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study aims to characterize the impact of apraxia and visuospatial neglect on stroke patients’ cognitive and functional outcomes during early rehabilitation. Prior work implies an unfavorable effect of visuospatial neglect on rehabilitation; however, previous findings remain ambiguous and primarily considered long-term effects. Even less is known about the impact of apraxia on rehabilitation outcomes. Although clinicians agree on the significance of the first few weeks after stroke for the course of rehabilitation, studies exploring the impact of neglect and apraxia in this early rehabilitation period remain scarce.
Methods
Based on a screening of 515 hospitalized stroke patients from an early rehabilitation ward, 150 stroke patients (75 left-hemispheric strokes, 75 right hemispheric strokes) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this observational, longitudinal study. The patients’ cognitive and functional statuses were documented at admission to the early rehabilitation ward and discharge. Also, detailed apraxia and neglect assessments were performed at midterm. The predictive values of age and apraxia and neglect severity (as reflected in two components from a principal component analysis of the neglect and apraxia assessments) for cognitive and functional outcomes at discharge were evaluated by multiple regression analyses.
Results
Besides the expected influence of the respective variables at admission, we observed a significant effect of apraxia severity on the cognitive outcome at discharge. Moreover, neglect severity predicted the Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index (Frühreha-Barthel-Index) at discharge. Supplementary moderator analysis revealed a differential effect of neglect severity on the cognitive outcome depending on the affected hemisphere.
Conclusion
Data indicate a strong association between apraxia and visuospatial neglect and early rehabilitation outcomes after stroke.
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Encéphalites chez les patients immunodéprimés en France, 2016–2019. Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Encéphalites chez les patients âgés en France, 2016–2019. Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Extended Magnetic Dome Induced by Low Pressures in Superconducting FeSe_{1-x}S_{x}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:147001. [PMID: 31702214 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.147001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report muon spin rotation and magnetization measurements under pressure on Fe_{1+δ}Se_{1-x}S_{x} with x≈0.11. Above p≈0.6 GPa we find a microscopic coexistence of superconductivity with an extended dome of long range magnetic order that spans a pressure range between previously reported separated magnetic phases. The magnetism initially competes on an atomic scale with the coexisting superconductivity leading to a local maximum and minimum of the superconducting T_{c}(p). The maximum of T_{c} corresponds to the onset of magnetism while the minimum coincides with the pressure of strongest competition. A shift of the maximum of T_{c}(p) for a series of single crystals with x up to 0.14 roughly extrapolates to a putative magnetic and superconducting state at ambient pressure for x≥0.2.
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Systematic dimensional reduction of the layered β-FeSe structure by solvothermal synthesis. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:3264-3271. [PMID: 29441395 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dimensional reduction of superconducting anti PbO-type iron selenide has been achieved by terminating the tetragonal square layers of FeSe4/4 tetrahedra by ethylenediamine (en) ligands. We obtained three new structures in the Fe-Se-en system. Fe3Se4(en)3 contains FeSe2 single chains bridged via Fe(en)3 complexes. Fe10Se12(en)7 has Fe2Se3 double strands separated by Fe(en)3 complexes and free en molecules. Fe0.85Se(en)0.3 conserves the tetragonal layers of bulk FeSe which are now widely separated by en molecules. Through systematic dilution of the solvent we were able to introduce an additional parameter in solvothermal synthesis and thus have control over the connectivity of the tetrahedra. Additionally, a phase diagram of the Fe-Se-en system is generated by variation of the reaction temperature. The magnetic properties of the FeSe derivatives range from superconductivity and antiferromagnetism to paramagnetism.
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Efficacy and safety of cold snare resection in preventive screening colonoscopy. Endosc Int Open 2017; 5:E580-E586. [PMID: 28670614 PMCID: PMC5482746 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Removal of polyps during colonoscopy effectively prevents the development of colorectal cancer. So far, snare resection with high frequency current with or without prior submucosal saline injection is the method of choice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and outcome of cold snare resection during routine endoscopy. METHODS In this prospective study, 522 patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy were included. Cold snare resection for diminutive (< 6 mm), small (6 - 9 mm), and larger polyps (> 9 - 15 mm) was performed using a dedicated cold snare device (Exacto ® ) without prior submucosal injection. Outcome parameters included bleeding rate, perforation rate, procedure time, histologic evaluation of polyp margins, and success rates. The data were compared to a group of patients undergoing hot snare resection. RESULTS Overall, 1233 polyps were removed using cold snare resection with an overall success rate of 99.4 %. All failures of cold snare resection occurred in the cecum (8/82, failure rate 9.8 %). In the remaining colon, the success rate was 100 %. Immediate post-polypectomy bleeding occurred in 0.49 % of all patients and was most frequently seen in polyps larger than 9 mm. The procedure time was significantly shorter using cold snare resection compared with hot snare resection (27.6 min vs. 35.7 min, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Cold snare resection can be performed safely in outpatients for removal of small polyps in screening colonoscopy. It does not require prior saline injection and reduces procedure time without an increased risk of bleeding.
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Recognition but no repair of abasic site in single-stranded DNA by human ribosomal uS3 protein residing within intact 40S subunit. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:3833-3843. [PMID: 28334742 PMCID: PMC5397187 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolated human ribosomal protein uS3 has extra-ribosomal functions including those related to base excision DNA repair, e.g. AP lyase activity that nicks double-stranded (ds) DNA 3΄ to the abasic (AP) site. However, the ability of uS3 residing within ribosome to recognize and cleave damaged DNA has never been addressed. Here, we compare interactions of single-stranded (ss) DNA and dsDNA bearing AP site with human ribosome-bound uS3 and with the isolated protein, whose interactions with ssDNA were not yet studied. The AP lyase activity of free uS3 was much higher with ssDNA than with dsDNA, whereas ribosome-bound uS3 was completely deprived of this activity. Nevertheless, an exposed peptide of ribosome-bound uS3 located far away from the putative catalytic center previously suggested for isolated uS3 cross-linked to full-length uncleaved ssDNA, but not to dsDNA. In contrast, free uS3 cross-linked mainly to the 5΄-part of the damaged DNA strand after its cleavage at the AP site. ChIP-seq analysis showed preferential uS3 binding to nucleolus-associated chromatin domains. We conclude that free and ribosome-bound uS3 proteins interact with AP sites differently, exhibiting their non-translational functions in DNA repair in and around the nucleolus and in regulation of DNA damage response in looped DNA structures, respectively.
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Abstract
We report a widespread Usutu virus outbreak in birds in the Netherlands. Viral presence had been detected through targeted surveillance as early as April 2016 and increased mortality in common blackbirds and captive great grey owls was noticed from August 2016 onwards. Usutu virus infection was confirmed by post-mortem examination and RT-PCR. Extensive Usutu virus activity in the Netherlands in 2016 underlines the need to monitor mosquito activity and mosquito-borne infections in 2017 and beyond.
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Copy number variant detection by anchored multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Comprehensive profiling of thyroid and lung cancers by anchored multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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13
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Internal tandem duplications in FLT3 detected by anchored multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Genetic aberrations driving MET deregulation detected with anchored multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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15
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VAC-15 - Impact des tensions d’approvisionnement sur les couvertures vaccinales chez le nourrisson. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Amelogenin Exon4 Forms a Novel miRNA That Directs Ameloblast and Osteoblast Differentiation. J Dent Res 2015; 95:423-9. [PMID: 26715056 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515622443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenins constitute the major portion of secretory enamel matrix proteins and are known to be highly alternative spliced. Of all the alternatively spliced forms of amelogenins, exon4 is most commonly spliced out. Our analyses of the exon4 sequence led us to hypothesize that when spliced out, exon4 may generate a novel mature miRNA. To explore this possibility, we used in vivo mouse models (wild-type and Amel knockout mice) and in vitro cell culture to investigate the presence and function of a mature miRNA derived from exon4 (miR-exon4). When ameloblast-like cells (LS8) were transfected with an amelogenin minigene to increase amelogenin synthesis, the transfected cells synthesized miR-exon4. Introduction of a mutation in the conserved CNNC sequence required for primary miRNA recognition, downstream of the mature miR-exon4 sequence, resulted in a significantly reduced production of miR-exon4 in the transfected cells. In vivo, miR-exon4 was most highly amplified from wild-type mouse enamel organs at the secretory stage. In Amel knockout mice, an in vivo model for reduced amelogenin synthesis, we found reduced miR-exon4, with no changes in expression of enamel matrix-related genes. However, expression of Runx2 and its downstream genes Odam and Amtn were significantly downregulated. Transfection of miR-exon4 mimic to the LS8 cells also significantly upregulated Runx2. The mature miR-exon4 as well as Runx2 was also present in mouse osteoblasts with no apparent change in expression level between wild-type and Amel knockout mice. However, transfecting miR-exon4 inhibitor to the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells resulted in a significant downregulation of Runx2 expression. These data indicate that when exon4 is spliced out, as occurs most of the time during alternative splicing of amelogenin pre-mRNA, a novel mature miRNA is generated from exon4. This miR-exon4 may contribute to the differentiation of ameloblasts and osteoblasts through regulation of Runx2 expression.
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V24. Seizure diaries from the patients’ perspective. Clin Neurophysiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Monitoring the efficacy of the cleaning and disinfection process for flexible endoscopes by quantification of multiple biological markers. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015. [PMCID: PMC4474687 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2994-4-s1-p56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Molecular contacts of ribose-phosphate backbone of mRNA with human ribosome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1849:930-9. [PMID: 26066980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, intimate contacts of riboses of mRNA stretch from nucleotides in positions +3 to +12 with respect to the first nucleotide of the P site codon were studied using cross-linking of short mRNA analogs with oxidized 3'-terminal riboses bound to human ribosomes in the complexes stabilized by codon-anticodon interactions and in the binary complexes. It was shown that in all types of complexes cross-links of the mRNA analogs to ribosomal protein (rp) uS3 occur and the yield of these cross-links does not depend on the presence of tRNA and on sequences of the mRNA analogs. Site of the mRNA analogs cross-linking in rp uS3 was mapped to the peptide in positions 55-64 that is located away from the mRNA binding site. Additionally, in complexes with P site-bound tRNA, riboses of mRNA nucleotides in positions +4 to +7 cross-linked to the C-terminal tail of rp uS19 displaying a contact specific to the decoding site of the mammalian ribosome, and tRNA bound at the A site completely blocked this cross-linking. Remarkably, rps uS3 and uS19 were also able to cross-link to the fragment of HCV IRES containing unstructured 3'-terminal part restricted by the AUGC tetraplet with oxidized 3'-terminal ribose. However, no cross-linking to rp uS3 was observed in the 48S preinitiation complex assembled in reticulocyte lysate with this HCV IRES derivative. The results obtained show an ability of rp uS3 to interact with single-stranded RNAs. Possible roles of rp uS3 region 55-64 in the functioning of ribosomes are discussed.
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Abstract
Amelogenins are proteins formed by alternative splicing of the amelogenin gene, and are essential for tooth enamel formation. However, the unique functions of various alternatively spliced amelogenins in enamel formation are not well understood. In this study, we determined the spatiotemporal location of amelogenins derived from transcripts containing exon4 (AMG+4) in the enamel matrix, and the relative binding of recombinant AMG+4 to hydroxyapatite (HAP). Immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry analyses showed that AMG+4 proteins were secreted into the enamel matrix at the early maturation stage. A stage-specific increase in the synthesis of AMG+4 was further supported by our observation that in mice overexpressing leucine-rich amelogenin peptide (TgLRAP), in which ameloblasts differentiate earlier, AMG+4 transcripts were also upregulated earlier. In vitro binding studies, supported by in silico modeling of protein binding to calcium and phosphate, showed that more recombinant AMG+4 bound to hydroxyapatite (HAP) as compared with recombinant AMG-4. The temporal and spatial localization of amelogenins containing exon4 peptide, and their functional differences in HAP binding, suggests that the unique properties of amelogenins containing exon4 cause a specific enhancement of biomineralization related to stabilization of early-formed HAP at the maturation stage.
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Ergebnisse kolorektaler Lungenmetastasenchirurgie eines peripheren zertifizierten onkologischen Zentrums. Zentralbl Chir 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Biodegradation of metallic magnesium elicits an inflammatory response in primary nasal epithelial cells. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:996-1004. [PMID: 24211732 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Resorbable magnesium-based implants hold great promise for various biomedical applications, such as osteosynthesis and coronary stenting. They also offer a new therapeutic option for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis, but little data is yet available regarding the use of magnesium in the nasal cavity. To model this field of application, primary porcine nasal epithelial cells were used to test the biocompatibility of degrading pure magnesium and investigate whether the degradation products may also affect cellular metabolism. Magnesium specimens did not induce apoptosis and we found no major influence on enzyme activities or protein synthesis, but cell viability was reduced and elevated interleukin 8 secretion indicated proinflammatory reactions. Necrotic damage was most likely due to osmotic stress, and our results suggest that magnesium ion build-up is also involved in the interleukin 8 release. Furthermore, the latter seems to be mediated, at least in part, by the p38 signaling pathway. These effects probably depended on the accumulation of very high concentrations of magnesium ions in the in vitro set-up, which might not be achieved in vivo, although we cannot exclude that further, as yet unknown, factors played a role in the inflammatory response during the degradation process. In conclusion, the biocompatibility of pure magnesium with cells in the immediate vicinity appears less ideal than is often supposed, and this needs to be considered in the evaluation of magnesium materials containing additional alloying elements.
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Characterization of MgNd2 alloy for potential applications in bioresorbable implantable devices. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:3852-64. [PMID: 22676917 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate and demonstrate the mechanical and corrosive characteristics of the neodymium-containing magnesium alloy MgNd2 (Nd2), which can be used as a resorbable implant material, especially in the field of stenting applications. To determine the mechanical characteristics of Nd2, tensile and compression tests were initially carried out in the hot extruded state. Here a unique elongation ratio (~30%) of the alloy could be observed. Subsequent T5 and T6 heat treatments were arranged to reveal their effect on the alloy's strengths and elongation values. The general degradation behaviour of Nd2 in a 0.9% NaCl solution was investigated by means of polarization curves and hydrogen evolution. In addition to this, by using various in vivo parameters, a corrosion environment was established to determine the alloy's degradation in vitro. Here, the mass loss per day in (MgF(2) and Bioglass)-coated and uncoated states and the corresponding maximum forces resulting from subsequent three-point bending tests revealed slow and steady corrosion behaviour. The cell viability and proliferation tests carried out on L-929 and MSC-P5 cells also showed good results. The mechanical and corrosive characteristics determined, as well as the in vitro test results obtained within the scope of this study, led to the development and successful in vivo testing of an MgF(2)-coated Nd2 mucosa stent which was introduced as an appropriate resorbable application.
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The isolated perfused equine distal limb as an ex vivo model for pharmacokinetic studies. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:292-7. [PMID: 22913456 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Even though intra-articular injections play an important role in the treatment of joint-related lameness in horses, little is known about pharmacokinetic properties of substances used. Therefore, an ex vivo model for pharmacokinetic studies was developed using distal forelimbs of slaughtered horses. The extremity was perfused with gassed Tyrode solution for up to 8 h. Tissue viability was confirmed by measurements of glucose consumption, lactate production, and lactate dehydrogenase activity in the perfusate. Standard criteria for tissue viability had been determined in preliminary experiments (n = 11), which also included histological examinations of the joint capsule. As the model's first implementation, the articular efflux rate of betamethasone (BM), administered as BM disodium phosphate intra-articularly to the fetlock joint (4 mg BM/joint), was investigated. The concentration of BM in the venous perfusate of the radial vein was measured by means of high-performance liquid chromatography. The average BM efflux rate per minute was calculated to be 5.1 μg/min with values ranging from 9 μg/min to 2.9 μg/min. 7.5 h after i.a. application, 2.3 mg BM had left the joint via the radial vein. Using this inexpensive setup, the presented model allows studying a variety of pharmacological topics without the ethical limitations of animal studies.
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Colocalization of single ribosomes with intermediate filaments in puromycin-treated and serum-starved mouse embryo fibroblasts*. Biol Cell 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1768-322x.1998.tb01042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Distribution of permethrin in hair and stratum corneum after topical administration of four different formulations in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 35:206-8. [PMID: 21806638 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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SU-E-T-417: A Planning and Delivery Study of a Rotational IMRT Technique with Burst Delivery. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Exploring optimal current stimuli that provide membrane voltage tracking in a neuron model. BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS 2011; 104:185-195. [PMID: 21394539 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-011-0427-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Studying neurons from an energy efficiency perspective has produced results in the research literature. This paper presents a method that enables computation of low energy input current stimuli that are able to drive a reduced Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model to approximate a prescribed time-varying reference membrane voltage. An optimal control technique is used to discover an input current that optimally minimizes a user selected balance between the square of the input stimulus current (input current 'energy') and the difference between the reference voltage and the membrane voltage (tracking error) over a stimulation period. Selecting reference signals to be membrane voltages produced by the neuron model in response to common types of input currents i(t) enables a comparison between i(t) and the determined optimal current stimulus i*(t). The intent is not to modify neuron dynamics, but through comparison of i(t) and i*(t) provide insight into neuron dynamics. Simulation results for four different bifurcation types demonstrate that this method consistently finds lower energy stimulus currents i*(t) that are able to approximate membrane voltages as produced by higher energy input currents i(t) in this neuron model.
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Virucidal efficacy of topical antiseptics versus a novel strain of Influenza H1N1. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Ribosomal protein S7 is both a regulator and a substrate of MDM2. Mol Cell 2009; 35:316-26. [PMID: 19683495 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Revised: 12/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MDM2 associates with ribosomal protein S7, and this interaction is required to inhibit MDM2's E3 ligase activity, leading to stabilization of MDM2 and p53. Notably, the MDM2 homolog MDMX facilitates the inhibition of MDM2 E3 ligase activity by S7. Further, ablation of S7 inhibits MDM2 and p53 accumulation induced by different stress signals in some cell types. Thus, ribosomal/nucleolar stress is likely a key integrating event in DNA damage signaling to p53. Interestingly, S7 is itself a substrate for MDM2 E3 ligase activity both in vitro and in vivo. An S7-ubiquitin fusion protein (S7-Ub) selectively inhibits MDM2 degradation of p53 and is unaffected by MDMX. S7-Ub promotes apoptosis to a greater extent than S7 alone. This indicates that MDM2 ubiquitination of S7 is involved in sustaining the p53 response. Thus, S7 functions as both effector and affector of MDM2 to ensure a proper cellular response to different stress signals.
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31
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Characterisation of epidermal lipid composition and skin morphology of animal skin ex vivo. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 72:310-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Revised: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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[Protein S3 fragments neighboring mRNA during elongation and translation termination on the human ribosome]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009; 34:773-80. [PMID: 19088750 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162008060071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein S3 fragments were determined that crosslink to modified mRNA analogues in positions +5 to +12 relative to the first nucleotide in the P-site binding codon in model complexes mimicking states of ribosomes at the elongation and translation termination steps. The mRNA analogues contained a Phe codon UUU/UUC at the 5'-termini that could predetermine the position of the tRNA(Phe) on the ribosome by the location of P-site binding and perfluorophenylazidobenzoyl group at a nucleotide in various positions 3' of the UUU/UUC codon. The crosslinked S3 protein was isolated from 80S ribosomal complexes irradiated with mild UV light and subjected to cyanogen bromide-induced cleavage at methionine residues with subsequent identification of the crosslinked oligopeptides. An analysis of the positions of modified oligopeptides resulting from the cleavage showed that, in dependence on the positions of modified nucleotides in the mRNA analogue, the crosslinking sites were found in the N-terminal half of the protein (fragment 2-127) and/or in the C-terminal fragment 190-236; the latter reflects a new peculiarity in the structure of the mRNA binding center in the ribosome, unknown to date. The results of crosslinking did not depend on the type of A-site codon or on the presence of translation termination factor eRF1.
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Positioning of subdomain IIId and apical loop of domain II of the hepatitis C IRES on the human 40S ribosome. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:1141-51. [PMID: 19129232 PMCID: PMC2651777 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5′-untranslated region of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA contains a highly structured motif called IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site) responsible for the cap-independent initiation of the viral RNA translation. At first, the IRES binds to the 40S subunit without any initiation factors so that the initiation AUG codon falls into the P site. Here using an original site-directed cross-linking strategy, we identified 40S subunit components neighboring subdomain IIId, which is critical for HCV IRES binding to the subunit, and apical loop of domain II, which was suggested to contact the 40S subunit from data on cryo-electron microscopy of ribosomal complexes containing the HCV IRES. HCV IRES derivatives that bear a photoactivatable group at nucleotide A275 or at G263 in subdomain IIId cross-link to ribosomal proteins S3a, S14 and S16, and HCV IRES derivatized at the C83 in the apex of domain II cross-link to proteins S14 and S16.
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Abstract
AIM Hepatic steatosis affects up to 30% of the population. After weight loss, monitoring of the change in hepatic steatosis is not routinely performed. This study aimed to define the closest associates of change in liver fat content in a population of obese females following laparoscopic gastric banding surgery. METHODS Before and 3 months after surgery, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging were used to estimate the amount of lipid contained within the liver and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral compartments of 29 obese [mean body mass index (BMI) 39 +/- 5 kg/m(2)], non-diabetic women aged between 20 and 62 years. Liver enzymes, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were also measured as well as body weight, BMI and waist circumference. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index. RESULTS Significant reductions occurred in body weight (p < 0.001), abdominal fat volumes (p < 0.001) and liver fat (p = 0.037) 3 months after surgery. Change in liver fat content more closely associated with change in serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT; r = 0.71, p < 0.001) than with changes in weight (r = 0.10, p = 0.612) and waist circumference (r = 0.15, p = 0.468). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that obese non-diabetic female patients who have undergone significant weight loss over 3 months can be better assessed for the regression of excess liver fat content by monitoring changes in serum GGT levels rather than changes in simple anthropometry.
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The Opitz syndrome gene product MID1 assembles a microtubule-associated ribonucleoprotein complex. Hum Genet 2008; 123:163-76. [PMID: 18172692 PMCID: PMC3774420 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-007-0456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2007] [Accepted: 12/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Opitz BBB/G syndrome (OS) is a heterogenous malformation syndrome mainly characterised by hypertelorism and hypospadias. In addition, patients may present with several other defects of the ventral midline such as cleft lip and palate and congenital heart defects. The syndrome-causing gene encodes the X-linked E3 ubiquitin ligase MID1 that mediates ubiquitin-specific modification and degradation of the catalytic subunit of the translation regulator protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Here, we show that the MID1 protein also associates with elongation factor 1alpha (EF-1alpha) and several other proteins involved in mRNA transport and translation, including RACK1, Annexin A2, Nucleophosmin and proteins of the small ribosomal subunits. Mutant MID1 proteins as found in OS patients lose the ability to interact with EF-1alpha. The composition of the MID1 protein complex was determined by several independent methods: (1) yeast two-hybrid screening and (2) immunofluorescence, (3) a biochemical approach involving affinity purification of the complex, (4) co-fractionation in a microtubule assembly assay and (5) immunoprecipitation. Moreover, we show that the cytoskeleton-bound MID1/translation factor complex specifically associates with G- and U-rich RNAs and incorporates MID1 mRNA, thus forming a microtubule-associated ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Our data suggest a novel function of the OS gene product in directing translational control to the cytoskeleton. The dysfunction of this mechanism would lead to malfunction of microtubule-associated protein translation and to the development of OS.
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P640 Fatal viral opportunistic infections and Epstein-Barr virus positive large B-cell lymphoma after alemtuzumab treatment for a refractory Sezary syndrome. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ribosomal protein S24 gene is mutated in Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 79:1110-8. [PMID: 17186470 PMCID: PMC1698708 DOI: 10.1086/510020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 10/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital red-cell aplasia characterized by anemia, bone-marrow erythroblastopenia, and congenital anomalies and is associated with heterozygous mutations in the ribosomal protein (RP) S19 gene (RPS19) in approximately 25% of probands. We report identification of de novo nonsense and splice-site mutations in another RP, RPS24 (encoded by RPS24 [10q22-q23]) in approximately 2% of RPS19 mutation-negative probands. This finding strongly suggests that DBA is a disorder of ribosome synthesis and that mutations in other RP or associated genes that lead to disrupted ribosomal biogenesis and/or function may also cause DBA.
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Abstract
Alterations in the p14(ARF) tumor suppressor are frequent in many human cancers and are associated with susceptibility to melanoma, pancreatic cancer, and nervous system tumors. In addition to its p53-regulatory functions, p14(ARF) has been shown to influence ribosome biogenesis and to regulate the endoribonuclease B23, but there remains considerable controversy about its nucleolar role. We sought to clarify the activities of p14(ARF) by studying its interaction with ribosomes. We show that p14(ARF) and B23 interact within the nucleolar 60 S preribosomal particle and that this interaction does not require rRNA. In contrast to previous reports, we found that expression of p14(ARF) does not significantly alter ribosome biogenesis but inhibits polysome formation and protein translation in vivo. These results suggest a ribosome-dependent p14(ARF) pathway that regulates cell growth and thus complements p53-dependent p14(ARF) functions.
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Renal prothrombin mRNA is significantly decreased in a hyperoxaluric rat model of nephrolithiasis. J Pathol 2006; 210:273-81. [PMID: 16981243 DOI: 10.1002/path.2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although urinary prothrombin fragment 1 (UPTF1) possesses several hallmarks expected of a regulatory protein in urolithiasis, its precise role remains unknown. To determine the relationship between renal prothrombin (PT), the parent molecule of UPTF1, and lithogenesis, this study quantified and compared levels of renal PT mRNA in healthy rats (n = 10) and rats rendered lithogenic (n = 10) by ingestion of 0.75% ethylene glycol for 8 weeks. Studies included morphological and histological examination of the kidneys with scanning electron microscopy of the urinary filtrates of control and experimental animals. Haematuria and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals occurred in the urine of all experimental rats, but not in those of controls. Histological examination showed birefringent nephroliths and associated damage in kidneys of lithogenic rats, which were not seen in the control group. The amounts of total RNA extracted from both groups of rats were similar, but the median ratio of PT to beta-actin transcript of 11.14 x 10(-4) (10.65 x 10(-4) +/- 2.24 x 10(-4)) in the control rats was significantly (p < or = 0.001) reduced to 6.47 x 10(-4) (6.57 x 10(-4) +/- 2.72 x 10(-4)) in the lithogenic group. These results demonstrate that renal PT mRNA is reduced by approximately 42% in lithogenic rats and confirm the existence of a direct association between renal PT synthesis and calculogenesis. Attempts to compare renal PT and urinary levels of PTF1 were unsuccessful because of interference from hepatic PT circulating in the blood, haematuria, and the presence of urinary CaOx crystals. This is the first report of a significant reduction in the renal expression of a urinary protein well documented to inhibit CaOx crystal growth and aggregation in undiluted human urine in vitro.
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Größengesteuerte elektrochemische Synthese von Metallnanopartikeln auf molekularen Templaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200500912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Size-Controlled Electrochemical Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles on Monomolecular Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:6775-8. [PMID: 16187366 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200500912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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The chaperones MPP11 and Hsp70L1 form the mammalian ribosome-associated complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:10064-9. [PMID: 16002468 PMCID: PMC1177401 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0504400102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble Hsp70 homologs cotranslationally interact with nascent polypeptides in all kingdoms of life. In addition, fungi possess a specialized Hsp70 system attached to ribosomes, which in Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of the Hsp70 homologs Ssb1/2p, Ssz1p, and the Hsp40 homolog zuotin. Ssz1p and zuotin are assembled into a unique heterodimeric complex termed ribosome-associated complex. So far, no such specialized chaperones have been identified on ribosomes of higher eukaryotes. However, a family of proteins characterized by an N-terminal zuotin-homology domain fused to a C-terminal two-repeat Myb domain is present in animals and plants. Members of this family, like human MPP11 and mouse MIDA1, have been implicated in the regulation of cell growth. Specific targets of MPP11/MIDA1, however, have remained elusive. Here, we report that MPP11 is localized to the cytosol and associates with ribosomes. Purification of MPP11 revealed that it forms a stable complex with Hsp70L1, a distantly related homolog of Ssz1p. Complementation experiments indicate that mammalian ribosome-associated complex is functional in yeast. We conclude that despite a low degree of homology on the amino acid level cooperation of ribosome-associated chaperones with the translational apparatus is well conserved in eukaryotic cells.
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Epstein-Barr virus-encoded EBNA-5 binds to Epstein-Barr virus-induced Fte1/S3a protein. Exp Cell Res 2005; 303:47-55. [PMID: 15572026 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2004] [Revised: 07/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transforms resting human B cells into immortalized immunoblasts. EBV-encoded nuclear antigens EBNA-5 (also called EBNA-LP) is one of the earliest viral proteins expressed in freshly infected B cells. We have recently shown that EBNA-5 binds p14ARF, a nucleolar protein that regulates the p53 pathway. Here, we report the identification of another protein with partially nucleolar localization, the v-fos transformation effector Fte-1 (Fte-1/S3a), as an EBNA-5 binding partner. In transfected cells, Fte-1/S3a and EBNA-5 proteins showed high levels of colocalization in extranucleolar inclusions. Fte-1/S3a has multiple biological functions. It enhances v-fos-mediated cellular transformation and is part of the small ribosomal subunit. It also interacts with the transcriptional factor CHOP and apoptosis regulator poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Fte-1/S3a is regularly expressed at high levels in both tumors and cancer cell lines. Its high expression favors the maintenance of malignant phenotype and undifferentiated state, whereas its down-regulation is associated with cellular differentiation and growth arrest. Here, we show that EBV-induced B cell transformation leads to the up-regulation of Fte-1/S3a. We suggest that EBNA-5 through binding may influence the growth promoting, differentiation inhibiting, or apoptosis regulating functions of Fte-1/S3a.
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Mechanisms of Antihistamines and Mast Cell Stabilizers in Ocular Allergic Inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.2174/1567203043401662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a putative pre-malignant lesion of the prostate. While apolipoprotein-D (Apo-D), an androgen-regulated hydrophobic transporter protein, is expressed in prostate tumors, its expression in HGPIN is unknown. METHODS Immunoreactivity for Apo-D and another androgen-regulated protein, prostate specific antigen (PSA), was investigated in 64 radical prostatectomy tissues by video image analysis. RESULTS Eighty two percent of prostatectomy specimens demonstrated moderate to strong Apo-D immunoreactivity in areas of HGPIN. In comparison, weak Apo-D immunoreactivity was observed in non-malignant areas in only 24% of specimens. The median (range) percentage cellular area of HGPIN immunopositive for Apo-D (9.7%, 0-42.9), and the cellular concentration of Apo-D (MIOD 3.1, 0-13.3), were intermediate between that of normal (area 0%, 0-53.5%, MIOD 0, 0-12.6) and early stage prostate cancer tissues (area 29.2%, 0-90.8%, MIOD 6.7, 0-28.1). This increase in Apo-D expression from non-malignant, through HGPIN to prostate cancer was statistically significant (P < 0.001), and contrasted with the decrease observed in PSA staining between adjacent areas of normal glands, HGPIN, and cancer (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS The presence of high levels of immunoreactive Apo-D in HGPIN and prostate cancer, but not in non-malignant epithelial cells, is consistent with HGPIN being an intermediate lesion in the transition to prostate cancer, and suggests that cellular Apo-D expression is a marker of malignant transformation of the prostate.
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Beurteilbarkeit von Koronarstents mit der Flächendetektor CT: in-vitro Ergebnisse. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-827700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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