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Ramezani M, Bauman J, Singh A, Weisbart E, Yong J, Lozada M, Way GP, Kavari SL, Diaz C, Haghighi M, Batista TM, Pérez-Schindler J, Claussnitzer M, Singh S, Cimini BA, Blainey PC, Carpenter AE, Jan CH, Neal JT. A genome-wide atlas of human cell morphology. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.06.552164. [PMID: 37609130 PMCID: PMC10441312 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.06.552164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge of the modern genomics era is developing data-driven representations of gene function. Here, we present the first unbiased morphology-based genome-wide perturbation atlas in human cells, containing three genome-scale genotype-phenotype maps comprising >20,000 single-gene CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout experiments in >30 million cells. Our optical pooled cell profiling approach (PERISCOPE) combines a de-stainable high-dimensional phenotyping panel (based on Cell Painting1,2) with optical sequencing of molecular barcodes and a scalable open-source analysis pipeline to facilitate massively parallel screening of pooled perturbation libraries. This approach provides high-dimensional phenotypic profiles of individual cells, while simultaneously enabling interrogation of subcellular processes. Our atlas reconstructs known pathways and protein-protein interaction networks, identifies culture media-specific responses to gene knockout, and clusters thousands of human genes by phenotypic similarity. Using this atlas, we identify the poorly-characterized disease-associated transmembrane protein TMEM251/LYSET as a Golgi-resident protein essential for mannose-6-phosphate-dependent trafficking of lysosomal enzymes, showing the power of these representations. In sum, our atlas and screening technology represent a rich and accessible resource for connecting genes to cellular functions at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meraj Ramezani
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Type 2 Diabetes Systems Genomics Initiative of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Julia Bauman
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current address: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Avtar Singh
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current address: Genentech Department of Cellular and Tissue Genomics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erin Weisbart
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John Yong
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Lozada
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Type 2 Diabetes Systems Genomics Initiative of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gregory P Way
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current address: Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sanam L Kavari
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current address: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Celeste Diaz
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current address: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Thiago M Batista
- Type 2 Diabetes Systems Genomics Initiative of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease at Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joaquín Pérez-Schindler
- Type 2 Diabetes Systems Genomics Initiative of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease at Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melina Claussnitzer
- Type 2 Diabetes Systems Genomics Initiative of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease at Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Beth A Cimini
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paul C Blainey
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MIT Department of Biological Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Calvin H Jan
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James T Neal
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Type 2 Diabetes Systems Genomics Initiative of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease at Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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2
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Schmid S, Heim-Kupr B, Pérez-Schindler J, Mansingh S, Beer M, Mittal N, Ehrenfeuchter N, Handschin C. PGC-1β modulates catabolism and fiber atrophy in the fasting-response of specific skeletal muscle beds. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101643. [PMID: 36400401 PMCID: PMC9723918 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal muscle is a pivotal organ for the coordination of systemic metabolism, constituting one of the largest storage site for glucose, lipids and amino acids. Tight temporal orchestration of protein breakdown in times of fasting has to be balanced with preservation of muscle mass and function. However, the molecular mechanisms that control the fasting response in muscle are poorly understood. METHODS We now have identified a role for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1β (PGC-1β) in the regulation of catabolic pathways in this context in muscle-specific loss-of-function mouse models. RESULTS Muscle-specific knockouts for PGC-1β experience mitigated muscle atrophy in fasting, linked to reduced expression of myostatin, atrogenes, activation of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and other energy deprivation signaling pathways. At least in part, the muscle fasting response is modulated by a negative effect of PGC-1β on the nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATC1). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data highlight the complex regulation of muscle metabolism and reveal a new role for muscle PGC-1β in the control of proteostasis in fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenia Schmid
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Heim-Kupr
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Shivani Mansingh
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Beer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nitish Mittal
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Pérez-Schindler J, Vargas-Fernández E, Karrer-Cardel B, Ritz D, Schmidt A, Handschin C. Characterization of regulatory transcriptional mechanisms in hepatocyte lipotoxicity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11477. [PMID: 35798791 PMCID: PMC9262951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a continuum of disorders among which non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is particularly associated with a negative prognosis. Hepatocyte lipotoxicity is one of the main pathogenic factors of liver fibrosis and NASH. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating this process are poorly understood. The main aim of this study was to dissect transcriptional mechanisms regulated by lipotoxicity in hepatocytes. We achieved this aim by combining transcriptomic, proteomic and chromatin accessibility analyses from human liver and mouse hepatocytes. This integrative approach revealed several transcription factor networks deregulated by NASH and lipotoxicity. To validate these predictions, genetic deletion of the transcription factors MAFK and TCF4 was performed, resulting in hepatocytes that were better protected against saturated fatty acid oversupply. MAFK- and TCF4-regulated gene expression profiles suggest a mitigating effect against cell stress, while promoting cell survival and growth. Moreover, in the context of lipotoxicity, some MAFK and TCF4 target genes were to the corresponding differentially regulated transcripts in human liver fibrosis. Collectively, our findings comprehensively profile the transcriptional response to lipotoxicity in hepatocytes, revealing new molecular insights and providing a valuable resource for future endeavours to tackle the molecular mechanisms of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Pérez-Schindler
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland. .,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | | | | | - Danilo Ritz
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Pérez-Schindler J, Kohl B, Schneider-Heieck K, Leuchtmann AB, Henríquez-Olguín C, Adak V, Maier G, Delezie J, Sakoparnig T, Vargas-Fernández E, Karrer-Cardel B, Ritz D, Schmidt A, Hondele M, Jensen TE, Hiller S, Handschin C. RNA-bound PGC-1α controls gene expression in liquid-like nuclear condensates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2105951118. [PMID: 34465622 PMCID: PMC8433555 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105951118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity of cells, tissues, and organs is controlled by the coordinated transcription of biological programs. However, the mechanisms orchestrating such context-specific transcriptional networks mediated by the dynamic interplay of transcription factors and coregulators are poorly understood. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a prototypical master regulator of adaptive transcription in various cell types. We now uncovered a central function of the C-terminal domain of PGC-1α to bind RNAs and assemble multiprotein complexes including proteins that control gene transcription and RNA processing. These interactions are important for PGC-1α recruitment to chromatin in transcriptionally active liquid-like nuclear condensates. Notably, such a compartmentalization of active transcription mediated by liquid-liquid phase separation was observed in mouse and human skeletal muscle, revealing a mechanism by which PGC-1α regulates complex transcriptional networks. These findings provide a broad conceptual framework for context-dependent transcriptional control of phenotypic adaptations in metabolically active tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bastian Kohl
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Carlos Henríquez-Olguín
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Volkan Adak
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Julien Delezie
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Danilo Ritz
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Hondele
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Pérez-Schindler J, Kanhere A, Edwards L, Allwood JW, Dunn WB, Schenk S, Philp A. Exercise and high-fat feeding remodel transcript-metabolite interactive networks in mouse skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13485. [PMID: 29044196 PMCID: PMC5647435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced coverage and sensitivity of next-generation ‘omic’ platforms has allowed the characterization of gene, metabolite and protein responses in highly metabolic tissues, such as, skeletal muscle. A limitation, however, is the capability to determine interaction between dynamic biological networks. To address this limitation, we applied Weighted Analyte Correlation Network Analysis (WACNA) to RNA-seq and metabolomic datasets to identify correlated subnetworks of transcripts and metabolites in response to a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and/or exercise. HFD altered skeletal muscle lipid profiles and up-regulated genes involved in lipid catabolism, while decreasing 241 exercise-responsive genes related to skeletal muscle plasticity. WACNA identified the interplay between transcript and metabolite subnetworks linked to lipid metabolism, inflammation and glycerophospholipid metabolism that were associated with IL6, AMPK and PPAR signal pathways. Collectively, this novel experimental approach provides an integrative resource to study transcriptional and metabolic networks in skeletal muscle in the context of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Pérez-Schindler
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK. .,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK. .,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, 4056, Switzerland.
| | - Aditi Kanhere
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Lindsay Edwards
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - J William Allwood
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.,Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.,Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland
| | - Warwick B Dunn
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.,Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0863, USA.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0863, USA
| | - Andrew Philp
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK. .,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.
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6
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Pérez-Schindler J, Esparza MC, McKendry J, Breen L, Philp A, Schenk S. Overload-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy is not impaired by loss of myofiber STAT3. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C257-C261. [PMID: 28659288 PMCID: PMC5625092 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00100.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although the signal pathways mediating muscle protein synthesis and degradation are well characterized, the transcriptional processes modulating skeletal muscle mass and adaptive growth are poorly understood. Recently, studies in mouse models of muscle wasting or acutely exercised human muscle have suggested a potential role for the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), in adaptive growth. Hence, in the present study we sought to define the contribution of STAT3 to skeletal muscle adaptive growth. In contrast to previous work, two different resistance exercise protocols did not change STAT3 phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle. To directly address the role of STAT3 in load-induced (i.e., adaptive) growth, we studied the anabolic effects of 14 days of synergist ablation (SA) in skeletal muscle-specific STAT3 knockout (mKO) mice and their floxed, wild-type (WT) littermates. Plantaris muscle weight and fiber area in the nonoperated leg (control; CON) was comparable between genotypes. As expected, SA significantly increased plantaris weight, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and anabolic signaling in WT mice, although interestingly, this induction was not impaired in STAT3 mKO mice. Collectively, these data demonstrate that STAT3 is not required for overload-mediated hypertrophy in mouse skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Pérez-Schindler
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mary C Esparza
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California; and
| | - James McKendry
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh Breen
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Philp
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California; and .,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, California
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7
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Soler F, Fernández-Belda F, Pérez-Schindler J, Hernández-Cascales J. Single inhibition of either PDE3 or PDE4 unmasks β2-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropic and lusitropic effects in the left but not right ventricular myocardium of rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:429-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Soler F, Fernández-Belda F, Pérez-Schindler J, Handschin C, Fuente T, Hernandez-Cascales J. PDE2 activity differs in right and left rat ventricular myocardium and differentially regulates β2 adrenoceptor-mediated effects. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:1205-13. [PMID: 25432985 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214560969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The important regulator of cardiac function, cAMP, is hydrolyzed by different cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs), whose expression and activity are not uniform throughout the heart. Of these enzymes, PDE2 shapes β1 adrenoceptor-dependent cardiac cAMP signaling, both in the right and left ventricular myocardium, but its role in regulating β2 adrenoceptor-mediated responses is less well known. Our aim was to investigate possible differences in PDE2 transcription and activity between right (RV) and left (LV) rat ventricular myocardium, as well as its role in regulating β2 adrenoceptor effects. The free walls of the RV and the LV were obtained from Sprague-Dawley rat hearts. Relative mRNA for PDE2 (quantified by qPCR) and PDE2 activity (evaluated by a colorimetric procedure and using the PDE2 inhibitor EHNA) were determined in RV and LV. Also, β2 adrenoceptor-mediated effects (β2-adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol + β1 adrenoceptor antagonist CGP-20712A) on contractility and cAMP concentrations, in the absence or presence of EHNA, were studied in the RV and LV. PDE2 transcript levels were less abundant in RV than in LV and the contribution of PDE2 to the total PDE activity was around 25% lower in the microsomal fraction of the RV compared with the LV. β2 adrenoceptor activation increased inotropy and cAMP levels in the LV when measured in the presence of EHNA, but no such effects were observed in the RV, either in the presence or absence of EHNA. These results indicate interventricular differences in PDE2 transcript and activity levels, which may distinctly regulate β2 adrenoceptor-mediated contractility and cAMP concentrations in the RV and in the LV of the rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Soler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Teodomiro Fuente
- Unit of Radiopharmacy, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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9
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Pérez-Schindler J, Svensson K, Vargas-Fernández E, Santos G, Wahli W, Handschin C. The coactivator PGC-1α regulates skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism independently of the nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ in sedentary mice fed a regular chow diet. Diabetologia 2014; 57:2405-12. [PMID: 25116175 PMCID: PMC4657154 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Physical activity improves oxidative capacity and exerts therapeutic beneficial effects, particularly in the context of metabolic diseases. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and the nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ have both been independently discovered to play a pivotal role in the regulation of oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle, though their interdependence remains unclear. Hence, our aim was to determine the functional interaction between these two factors in mouse skeletal muscle in vivo. METHODS Adult male control mice, PGC-1α muscle-specific transgenic (mTg) mice, PPARβ/δ muscle-specific knockout (mKO) mice and the combination PPARβ/δ mKO + PGC-1α mTg mice were studied under basal conditions and following PPARβ/δ agonist administration and acute exercise. Whole-body metabolism was assessed by indirect calorimetry and blood analysis, while magnetic resonance was used to measure body composition. Quantitative PCR and western blot were used to determine gene expression and intracellular signalling. The proportion of oxidative muscle fibre was determined by NADH staining. RESULTS Agonist-induced PPARβ/δ activation was only disrupted by PPARβ/δ knockout. We also found that the disruption of the PGC-1α-PPARβ/δ axis did not affect whole-body metabolism under basal conditions. As expected, PGC-1α mTg mice exhibited higher exercise performance, peak oxygen consumption and lower blood lactate levels following exercise, though PPARβ/δ mKO + PGC-1α mTg mice showed a similar phenotype. Similarly, we found that PPARβ/δ was dispensable for PGC-1α-mediated enhancement of an oxidative phenotype in skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Collectively, these results indicate that PPARβ/δ is not an essential partner of PGC-1α in the control of skeletal muscle energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristoffer Svensson
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Gesa Santos
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, National Research Center Frontiers in Genetics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 169612
| | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Christoph Handschin, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland. Phone: +41 61 267 2378,
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10
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Pérez-Schindler J, Summermatter S, Salatino S, Zorzato F, Beer M, Balwierz PJ, van Nimwegen E, Feige JN, Auwerx J, Handschin C. The corepressor NCoR1 antagonizes PGC-1α and estrogen-related receptor α in the regulation of skeletal muscle function and oxidative metabolism. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:4913-24. [PMID: 23028049 PMCID: PMC3510532 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00877-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle exhibits a high plasticity and accordingly can quickly adapt to different physiological and pathological stimuli by changing its phenotype largely through diverse epigenetic mechanisms. The nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) has the ability to mediate gene repression; however, its role in regulating biological programs in skeletal muscle is still poorly understood. We therefore studied the mechanistic and functional aspects of NCoR1 function in this tissue. NCoR1 muscle-specific knockout mice exhibited a 7.2% higher peak oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)), a 11% reduction in maximal isometric force, and increased ex vivo fatigue resistance during maximal stimulation. Interestingly, global gene expression analysis revealed a high overlap between the effects of NCoR1 deletion and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) overexpression on oxidative metabolism in muscle. Importantly, PPARβ/δ and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) were identified as common targets of NCoR1 and PGC-1α with opposing effects on the transcriptional activity of these nuclear receptors. In fact, the repressive effect of NCoR1 on oxidative phosphorylation gene expression specifically antagonizes PGC-1α-mediated coactivation of ERRα. We therefore delineated the molecular mechanism by which a transcriptional network controlled by corepressor and coactivator proteins determines the metabolic properties of skeletal muscle, thus representing a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Models, Biological
- Muscle Contraction/genetics
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1/deficiency
- Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1/metabolism
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Oxygen Consumption
- PPAR delta/metabolism
- PPAR-beta/metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Trans-Activators/antagonists & inhibitors
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription Factors
- ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Markus Beer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Piotr J. Balwierz
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erik van Nimwegen
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme N. Feige
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Pérez-Schindler J, Philp A, Hernandez-Cascales J. Pathophysiological relevance of the cardiac β2-adrenergic receptor and its potential as a therapeutic target to improve cardiac function. Eur J Pharmacol 2012. [PMID: 23183106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
β-adrenoceptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily which play a key role in the regulation of myocardial function. Their activation increases cardiac performance but can also induce deleterious effects such as cardiac arrhythmias or myocardial apoptosis. In fact, inhibition of β-adrenoceptors exerts a protective effect in patients with sympathetic over-stimulation during heart failure. Although β(2)-adrenoceptor is not the predominant subtype in the heart, it seems to importantly contribute to the cardiac effects of adrenergic stimulation; however, the mechanism by which this occurs is not fully understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of β(2)-adrenoceptors in the regulation of cardiac contractility, metabolism, cardiomyocyte survival and cardiac arrhythmias. In addition, therapeutic considerations relating to stimulation of the β(2)-adrenoceptor such as an increase in cardiac contractility with low arrythmogenic effect, protection of the myocardium again apoptosis or positive regulation of heart metabolism are discussed.
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