1
|
Basiel BL, Campbell JA, Dechow CD, Felix TL. The impact of sire breed on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef × Holstein steers. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae043. [PMID: 38601078 PMCID: PMC11005759 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dairy herds are mating a portion of cows to beef cattle semen to create a value-added calf. Objectives of this study were to compare the feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef × Holstein steers by breed when sires represented bulls with commercially available semen. Three groups of single-born, male calves (n = 262) born to Holstein dams on 10 Pennsylvania dairies were sourced during 3 yr. Steers were sired by seven beef breeds: Angus, Charolais, Limousin, Hereford, Red Angus, Simmental, and Wagyu. Steers were picked up within a week of age and raised at two preweaned calf facilities until weaning (8 ± 1 wk of age) under similar health and management protocols. Steers were then transported to a commercial calf growing facility where they were managed as a single group until 10 ± 2 mo of age when they were moved to be finished at the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture's Livestock Evaluation Center feedlot. Groups of steers were selected for slaughter based on body weight. Carcass characteristics were evaluated by trained personnel and a three-rib section of the longissimus muscle (LM) was collected from each carcass for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) evaluation and intramuscular fat determination. Steers sired by all sire breeds except for Limousin had greater average daily gain (ADG; 1.62 to 1.76 kg/d) than Wagyu × Holstein steers (1.39 kg/d; P < 0.05). Angus-sired steers had an 8.6% greater ADG than Red Angus-sired steers (P < 0.05). Angus, Charolais (1.73 kg/d), and Simmental-sired steers (1.68 kg/d) also had greater ADG than Limousin-sired steers (1.55 kg/d; P < 0.05). Wagyu × Holstein steers spent 5 to 26 more days on feed (P < 0.05) than Limousin × Holstein, Simmental × Holstein, Angus × Holstein, and Charolais × Holstein steers. Angus and Charolais-sired steers were also on feed for 19 and 21 d fewer, respectively, than Limousin-sired steers (P < 0.05). Red Angus-sired steers had greater marbling scores than Simmental and Limousin-sired steers and Angus and Charolais-sired steers had greater marbling scores than Limousin-sired steers (P < 0.05). Angus, Limousin, and Hereford-sired steers produced the most tender LM as evaluated by WBSF; Angus-sired carcasses (3.82 kg) were more tender than Charolais (4.30 kg) and Simmental-sired carcasses (4.51 kg; P < 0.05). Limousin and Hereford-sired steers (3.70 and 3.83 kg, respectively) also had more tender steaks than Simmental-sired steers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bailey L Basiel
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Chad D Dechow
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tara L Felix
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mann M, Pauling PJ, Tonkin SJ, Campbell JA, Chalker JM. Chemically Activated SS Metathesis for Adhesive‐Free Bonding of Polysulfide Surfaces. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202270027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Department of Mathematics, Duke University, 120 Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sergey Panyukov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 117924
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Biomedical Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Oca ANM, Castresana-Villanueva N, Canseco-Márquez L, Campbell JA. A New Species of Xenosaurus (Squamata: Xenosauridae) from the Sierra de Juárez of Oaxaca, Mexico. HERPETOLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-21-00041.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Nieto-Montes de Oca
- Laboratorio de Herpetología and Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera,” Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Nicté Castresana-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Herpetología and Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera,” Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Luis Canseco-Márquez
- Laboratorio de Herpetología and Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera,” Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76013, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Flores-Villela OA, Smith EN, Canseco-Márquez L, Campbell JA. A new species of blindsnake from Jalisco, Mexico (Squamata: Leptotyphlopidae). REV MEX BIODIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.22201/ib.20078706e.2022.93.3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
6
|
Schneider ML, Campbell JA, Slattery AD, Bloch WM. Polymer networks of imine-crosslinked metal–organic cages: tuneable viscoelasticity and iodine adsorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12122-12125. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04969d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solution-state structure of MOP-15 is elucidated, enabling its direct use as a porous monomer for covalent polymer networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5035, Australia
| | - Ashley D. Slattery
- Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Witold M. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5035, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mann M, Pauling PJ, Tonkin SJ, Campbell JA, Chalker JM. Chemically Activated SS Metathesis for Adhesive‐Free Bonding of Polysulfide Surfaces. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mann
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Paris J. Pauling
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Samuel J. Tonkin
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cassar JR, Mills EW, Campbell JA, Demirci A. Pulsed Ultraviolet Light Treatment of Chicken Parts. Meat and Muscle Biology 2021. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing production and consumption of chicken, it is appropriate to investigate the functionality and effectiveness of microbial reduction interventions and the qualitative effects they have on food. The effectiveness of pulsed ultraviolet (PUV) light applied to chicken on a moving conveyor was evaluated for inactivation of Escherichia coli on the surface of raw boneless/skinless (B/S) chicken breasts, B/S chicken thighs, and bone-in/skin-on chicken thighs. The conveyor height (distance from the flashlamp) and speed were set to deliver total energy fluences of 5, 10, 20, and 30 J/cm2 to the surface of the products. The product type by energy fluence interaction was significant (P = 0.015) for microbial reduction of E. coli. Exposure to PUV light for 5 and 30 J/cm2 resulted in Log10 reductions of 0.29 and 1.04 for B/S breasts, 0.34 and 0.94 for B/S thighs, and 0.10 and 0.62 for bone-in/skin-on thighs, respectively. Lipid oxidation and changes in color of chicken samples were evaluated after 30 J/cm2 of PUV light treatment. Lipid oxidation was measured at 0, 24, 48, and 120 h after the treatment. PUV light treatment did not produce significant (P > 0.05) changes in lipid oxidation values for each product type. International Commission on Illumination L*, a*, and b* parameters were used to report lightness and color of samples before and after treatment for B/S breasts and thighs and bone-in/skin-on thighs. Color parameters were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by PUV light treatments. In conclusion, this study indicates that PUV light applied to the surface of raw chicken parts on a moving conveyor is an effective surface antimicrobial treatment while inducing minimal change in quality of the product over a 5-d storage period under aerobic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward W. Mills
- The Pennsylvania State University Department of Animal Science
| | | | - Ali Demirci
- The Pennsylvania State University Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xia Q, Campbell JA, Ahmad H, Palmer AJ. Comment on: Bariatric surgery is expensive but improves co-morbidity: 5-year assessment of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e280. [PMID: 34115829 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Xia
- Health Economics Research Group, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J A Campbell
- Health Economics Research Group, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - H Ahmad
- Health Economics Research Group, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - A J Palmer
- Health Economics Research Group, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bu Najmah I, Lundquist NA, Stanfield MK, Stojcevski F, Campbell JA, Esdaile LJ, Gibson CT, Lewis DA, Henderson LC, Hasell T, Chalker JM. Insulating Composites Made from Sulfur, Canola Oil, and Wool*. ChemSusChem 2021; 14:2352-2359. [PMID: 33634605 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An insulating composite was made from the sustainable building blocks wool, sulfur, and canola oil. In the first stage of the synthesis, inverse vulcanization was used to make a polysulfide polymer from the canola oil triglyceride and sulfur. This polymerization benefits from complete atom economy. In the second stage, the powdered polymer was mixed with wool, coating the fibers through electrostatic attraction. The polymer and wool mixture were then compressed with mild heating to provoke S-S metathesis in the polymer, which locks the wool in the polymer matrix. The wool fibers imparted tensile strength, insulating properties, and reduced the flammability of the composite. All building blocks are sustainable or derived from waste and the composite is a promising lead on next-generation insulation for energy conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israa Bu Najmah
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Lundquist
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Melissa K Stanfield
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Filip Stojcevski
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Louisa J Esdaile
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Christopher T Gibson
- Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - David A Lewis
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Luke C Henderson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Pigdons Road Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Justin M Chalker
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Campbell JA, Gaydos NJ, Egolf SR, Watson S. Fate of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7, <i>Salmonella</i> spp., and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> During Curing and Drying of Beef Bresaola. Meat and Muscle Biology 2021. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.11621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
12
|
Xing W, Ghahfarokhi AJ, Xie C, Naghibi S, Campbell JA, Tang Y. Mechanical Properties of a Supramolecular Nanocomposite Hydrogel Containing Hydroxyl Groups Enriched Hyper-Branched Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:805. [PMID: 33800715 PMCID: PMC7961438 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to highly tunable topology and functional groups, hyper-branched polymers are a potential candidate for toughening agents, for achieving supramolecular interactions with hydrogel networks. However, their toughening effects and mechanisms are not well understood. Here, by means of tensile and pure shear testings, we characterise the mechanics of a nanoparticle-hydrogel hybrid system that incorporates a hyper-branched polymer (HBP) with abundant hydroxyl end groups into the matrix of the polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel. We found that the third and fourth generations of HBP are more effective than the second one in terms of strengthening and toughening effects. At a HBP content of 14 wt%, compared to that of the pure PAA hydrogel, strengths of the hybrid hydrogels with the third and fourth HBPs are 2.3 and 2.5 times; toughnesses are increased by 525% and 820%. However, for the second generation, strength is little improved, and toughness is increased by 225%. It was found that the stiffness of the hybrid hydrogel is almost unchanged relative to that of the PAA hydrogel, evidencing the weak characteristic of hydrogen bonds in this system. In addition, an outstanding self-healing feature was observed, confirming the fast reforming nature of broken hydrogen bonds. For the hybrid hydrogel, the critical size of failure zone around the crack tip, where serious viscous dissipation occurs, is related to a fractocohesive length, being about 0.62 mm, one order of magnitude less than that of other tough double-network hydrogels. This study can promote the application of hyper-branched polymers in the rapid evolving field of hydrogels for improved performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xing
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Clovelly Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (W.X.); (A.J.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Amin Jamshidi Ghahfarokhi
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Clovelly Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (W.X.); (A.J.G.); (S.N.)
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Chaoming Xie
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;
| | - Sanaz Naghibi
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Clovelly Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (W.X.); (A.J.G.); (S.N.)
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Youhong Tang
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Clovelly Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (W.X.); (A.J.G.); (S.N.)
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Carvalho PHV, Westphalen MF, Campbell JA, Felix TL. Effects of coated and noncoated steroidal implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β concentrations of finishing Holstein steers. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:txaa190. [PMID: 33324961 PMCID: PMC7724975 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of coated or noncoated hormone implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations of Holstein steers fed a grain-based diet for 112 d. Seventy-nine Holstein steers [average initial body weight (BW) = 452 ± 5.5 kg] were stratified by BW and allotted to one of two treatments: 1) Holstein steers implanted with a coated implant containing 200 mg of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 40 mg E2 (Revalor-XS (Merck Animal Health; Summit, NJ)] on day 0 (XS) or 2) Holstein steers implanted two times (days 0 and 56) with a noncoated implant containing 80 mg of TBA and 16 mg of E2 [(2IS) Revalor-IS (Merck Animal Health)]. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). There was no effect (P ≥ 0.71) of implant strategy on initial, middle, and final BW. No effect (P ≥ 0.12) of implant strategy was observed on average daily gain, dry matter intake, or gain-to-feed ratio. There were no effects (P ≥ 0.11) of implant strategy on carcass characteristics. There was an implant × day interaction (P < 0.01) for the circulation of serum E2 concentrations. Serum E2 concentration increased similarly 14 d after Holstein steers were implanted, regardless of implant strategy. At 28 d, after steers were implanted, steers in the XS group had less serum E2 concentration than Holstein steers in the 2IS group. However, at 56 d after the first implantation, both groups, once again, had similar serum E2 concentrations and E2 concentrations were less on day 56 than day 28 for both strategies. Holstein steers implanted with 2IS had greater serum E2 concentration on day 70 and E2 concentrations remained greater than serum E2 of Holstein steers implanted XS for the duration of the trial (day 112). In summary, there was no effect of coated or two doses of noncoated implant on growth performance or carcass characteristics of Holstein steers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H V Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Mariana F Westphalen
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Tara L Felix
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gutiérrez-Rodríguez J, Zaldívar-Riverón A, Solano-Zavaleta I, Campbell JA, Meza-Lázaro RN, Flores-Villela O, Nieto-Montes de Oca A. Phylogenomics of the Mesoamerican alligator-lizard genera Abronia and Mesaspis (Anguidae: Gerrhonotinae) reveals multiple independent clades of arboreal and terrestrial species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 154:106963. [PMID: 32950681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abronia and Mesaspis are two of the five anguid lizard genera in the subfamily Gerrhonotinae. Their members are restricted to Mesoamerica, and most have allopatric distributions. Species of Abronia are primarily arboreal and occur in cloud and seasonally dry pine-oak forests, whereas those of Mesaspis are terrestrial and inhabit mesic microhabitats of montane forests. Recent molecular studies suggest that although these genera together form a monophyletic group, neither genus is monophyletic. Here we performed a phylogenetic study of Abronia and Mesaspis based on the most comprehensive taxonomic sampling of these genera to date and double digest restriction site-associated (ddRADseq) data. Our reconstructed phylogeny differed considerably from all previously published topologies, consistently recovering multiple independent clades of arboreal and terrestrial species and Abronia and Mesaspis as non-monophyletic. Geography, rather than current taxonomy, provides the best explanation of their phylogenetic relationships. Our analyses consistently recovered two main clades, distributed on the highlands of Middle America east and west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, respectively, and each composed of subclades of Abronia and Mesaspis. In the former main clade, members of the subgenus Auriculabronia formed the sister taxon to the Mesaspis moreletii complex, whereas the main clade west of the Isthmus was composed of two clades with a subclade of Abronia and another of Mesaspis each (one clade on the Atlantic versant of the main mountain ranges of eastern Mexico and another one on the Sierra Madre del Sur exclusive of its Atlantic versant) and a third clade with species of the subgenera Abronia and Scopaeabronia. We discuss the taxonomic implications of our results for the classification of the examined taxa and list the morphological characters that diagnose the recovered clades. This study highlights the utility of ddRADseq data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of supraspecific vertebrate taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Herpetología, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico; Departamento de Ecología Integrativa, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón
- Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Israel Solano-Zavaleta
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Rubi N Meza-Lázaro
- Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Oscar Flores-Villela
- Laboratorio de Herpetología, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Adrián Nieto-Montes de Oca
- Laboratorio de Herpetología, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tonkin SJ, Gibson CT, Campbell JA, Lewis DA, Karton A, Hasell T, Chalker JM. Chemically induced repair, adhesion, and recycling of polymers made by inverse vulcanization. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5537-5546. [PMID: 32874497 PMCID: PMC7441575 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inverse vulcanization is a copolymerization of elemental sulfur and alkenes that provides unique materials with high sulfur content (typically ≥50% sulfur by mass). These polymers contain a dynamic and reactive polysulfide network that creates many opportunities for processing, assembly, and repair that are not possible with traditional plastics, rubbers and thermosets. In this study, we demonstrate that two surfaces of these sulfur polymers can be chemically joined at room temperature through a phosphine or amine-catalyzed exchange of the S-S bonds in the polymer. When the nucleophile is pyridine or triethylamine, we show that S-S metathesis only occurs at room temperature for a sulfur rank > 2-an important discovery for the design of polymers made by inverse vulcanization. This mechanistic understanding of the S-S metathesis was further supported with small molecule crossover experiments in addition to computational studies. Applications of this chemistry in latent adhesives, additive manufacturing, polymer repair, and recycling are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Tonkin
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology , College of Science and Engineering , Flinders University , Bedford Park , South Australia 5042 , Australia .
| | - Christopher T Gibson
- Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis , College of Science and Engineering , Flinders University , Bedford Park , South Australia 5042 , Australia
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology , College of Science and Engineering , Flinders University , Bedford Park , South Australia 5042 , Australia .
| | - David A Lewis
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology , College of Science and Engineering , Flinders University , Bedford Park , South Australia 5042 , Australia .
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences , University of Western Australia , Perth , Western Australia 6009 , Australia
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZD , UK
| | - Justin M Chalker
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology , College of Science and Engineering , Flinders University , Bedford Park , South Australia 5042 , Australia .
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Reyes-Velasco J, Adams RH, Boissinot S, Parkinson CL, Campbell JA, Castoe TA, Smith EN. Genome-wide SNPs clarify lineage diversity confused by coloration in coralsnakes of the Micrurus diastema species complex (Serpentes: Elapidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 147:106770. [PMID: 32084510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
New world coralsnakes of the genus Micrurus are a diverse radiation of highly venomous and brightly colored snakes that range from North Carolina to Argentina. Species in this group have played central roles in developing and testing hypotheses about the evolution of mimicry and aposematism. Despite their diversity and prominence as model systems, surprisingly little is known about species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships within Micrurus, which has substantially hindered meaningful analyses of their evolutionary history. Here we use mitochondrial genes together with thousands of nuclear genomic loci obtained via ddRADseq to study the phylogenetic relationships and population genomics of a subclade of the genus Micrurus: The M. diastema species complex. Our results indicate that prior species and species-group inferences based on morphology and color pattern have grossly misguided taxonomy, and that the M. diastema complex is not monophyletic. Based on our analyses of molecular data, we infer the phylogenetic relationships among species and populations, and provide a revised taxonomy for the group. Two non-sister species-complexes with similar color patterns are recognized, the M. distans and the M. diastema complexes, the first being basal to the monadal Micrurus and the second encompassing most North American monadal taxa. We examined all 13 species, and their respective subspecies, for a total of 24 recognized taxa in the M. diastema species complex. Our analyses suggest a reduction to 10 species, with no subspecific designations warranted, to be a more likely estimate of species diversity, namely, M. apiatus, M. browni, M. diastema, M. distans, M. ephippifer, M. fulvius, M. michoacanensis, M. oliveri, M. tener, and one undescribed species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Reyes-Velasco
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, 337 Life Science, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard H Adams
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, 337 Life Science, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Stephane Boissinot
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Christopher L Parkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, 190 Collins St., Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, 337 Life Science, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Todd A Castoe
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, 337 Life Science, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Eric N Smith
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, 337 Life Science, Arlington, TX 76010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- J A Campbell
- Research Laboratories, Food and Drug Directorate, Canada Department of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Watson JA, Spencer CL, Schield DR, Butler BO, Smith LL, Flores-Villela O, Campbell JA, Mackessy SP, Castoe TA, Meik JM. Geographic variation in morphology in the Mohave Rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus Kennicott 1861) (Serpentes: Viperidae): implications for species boundaries. Zootaxa 2019; 4683:zootaxa.4683.1.7. [PMID: 31715939 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4683.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Mohave Rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus) is a highly venomous pitviper inhabiting the arid interior deserts, grasslands, and savannas of western North America. Currently two subspecies are recognized: the Northern Mohave Rattlesnake (C. s. scutulatus) ranging from southern California to the southern Central Mexican Plateau, and the Huamantla Rattlesnake (C. s. salvini) from the region of Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Puebla in south-central Mexico. Although recent studies have demonstrated extensive geographic variation in venom composition and cryptic genetic diversity in this species, no modern studies have focused on geographic variation in morphology. Here we analyzed a series of qualitative, meristic, and morphometric traits from 347 specimens of C. scutulatus and show that this species is phenotypically cohesive without discrete subgroups, and that morphology follows a continuous cline in primarily color pattern and meristic traits across the major axis of its expansive distribution. Interpreted in the context of previously published molecular evidence, our morphological analyses suggest that multiple episodes of isolation and secondary contact among metapopulations during the Pleistocene were sufficient to produce distinctive genetic populations, which have since experienced gene flow to produce clinal variation in phenotypes without discrete or diagnosable distinctions among these original populations. For taxonomic purposes, we recommend that C. scutulatus be retained as a single species, although it is possible that C. s. salvini, which is morphologically the most distinctive population, could represent a peripheral isolate in the initial stages of speciation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Watson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tarleton State University, 1333 W. Washington Street, Stephenville, Texas, 76402 USA..
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Smith JA, Green SJ, Petcher S, Parker DJ, Zhang B, Worthington MJH, Wu X, Kelly CA, Baker T, Gibson CT, Campbell JA, Lewis DA, Jenkins MJ, Willcock H, Chalker JM, Hasell T. Crosslinker Copolymerization for Property Control in Inverse Vulcanization. Chemistry 2019; 25:10433-10440. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Smith
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Sarah J. Green
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Samuel Petcher
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | | | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Max J. H. Worthington
- Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringFlinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Catherine A. Kelly
- School of Metallurgy and MaterialsUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Thomas Baker
- Department of MaterialsLoughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Christopher T. Gibson
- Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringFlinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Flinders Microscopy and MicroanalysisCollege of Science and EngineeringFlinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringFlinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - David A. Lewis
- Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringFlinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Mike J. Jenkins
- School of Metallurgy and MaterialsUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Helen Willcock
- Department of MaterialsLoughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringFlinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mann M, Kruger JE, Andari F, McErlean J, Gascooke JR, Smith JA, Worthington MJH, McKinley CCC, Campbell JA, Lewis DA, Hasell T, Perkins MV, Chalker JM. Sulfur polymer composites as controlled-release fertilisers. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1929-1936. [PMID: 30289142 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02130a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur polymer composites were prepared by the reaction of canola oil and elemental sulfur in the presence of the NPK fertiliser components ammonium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium chloride. These composites released nutrients in a controlled fashion, resulting in less wasted fertiliser and better health for potted tomato plants when compared to free NPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mann
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Campbell JA, Mendez CE, Garacci E, Walker RJ, Wagner N, Egede LE. The differential impact of adverse childhood experiences in the development of pre-diabetes in a longitudinal cohort of US adults. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:1018-1024. [PMID: 30236541 PMCID: PMC7553202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ACEs have a dose-response relationship with diabetes. The relationship between ACEs and pre-diabetes is not well known and may represent an effective area for prevention efforts. METHODS Data from 1054 participants from two waves of the longitudinal MIDUS study were used. Multivariate general linear regression models assessed the relationship between ACEs and biomarker outcomes. Correlation tests and mediation models investigated the relationship between ACE and pre-diabetes. RESULTS Individuals reporting ACEs were statistically significantly more likely to have higher BMI (1.13 (0.34-1.92)), higher waist circumference (2.74 (0.72-4.76)), elevated blood fasting insulin levels (2.36 (0.71-4.02)) and higher insulin resistance (HOMA-IR (0.57 (0.08-1.06)). BMI/waist circumference and insulin resistance did not maintain independent relationships with ACEs once HOMA-IR was included in the dichotomized ACE model (p = 0.05 and p = 0.06, respectively), suggesting the relationship between BMI and ACEs may be mediated by insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS These results represent one of the first studies to examine the differential impact of ACEs on a diverse set of clinical pre-diabetes measures. Findings suggest sexual and physical abuse, and financial strain during childhood are important factors associated with higher risk for pre-diabetes, and should be considered during intervention development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Joseph Zilber School of Public Health, 1240 N 10th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53205, USA
| | - C E Mendez
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - E Garacci
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Center for Advancing Population Science (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - R J Walker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Center for Advancing Population Science (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - N Wagner
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - L E Egede
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Joseph Zilber School of Public Health, 1240 N 10th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Badillo-Saldaña LM, Lara-Tufiño JD, Ramírez-Bautista A, Campbell JA. New State Record and Potential Distribution of the SnakeSibon nebulatus(Dipsadidae) from Mexico. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2018. [DOI: 10.3398/064.078.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis M. Badillo-Saldaña
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - José Daniel Lara-Tufiño
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - Aurelio Ramírez-Bautista
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ariano-sÁnchez D, Campbell JA. A new species of Rhadinella (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) from the dry forest of Motagua Valley, Guatemala. Zootaxa 2018; 4442:338-344. [PMID: 30313967 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new species of Rhadinella from the dry forest and thorn scrub of Valle del Motagua, Guatemala, a region and habitat where the congeners were previously unrecorded. This species is related to the group of Rhadinella that have dark dorsal coloration, which mostly or completely obscures a pattern of longitudinal striping characteristic of the majority of species of Rhadinella. The new species has dark gray, almost black, dorsal coloration with barely discernible slightly darker striping. Top of the head is mostly blackish with irregular auburn-orange markings on the internasals, prefrontals, frontal, parietals, loreals, postoculars, temporals, and two ultimate supralabials. Most conspicuous features are an orange-auburn Y-shaped marking along frontal-parietal and interparietal sutures, followed by an orange nuchal collar. The closest relative of the new species, based on morphological similarities, appears to be Rhadinella pilonaorum, which occurs in a relatively mesic habitat of pine-oak forest located about 90 km southwest from the type-locality of the new species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ariano-sÁnchez
- Centro de Estudios Ambientales y Biodiversidad, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 11 calle 15-79 z.15 V.H. III, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of Southeast Norway, 3800 Bø, Telemark, Norway.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bessire BC, Thomas M, Gehring KB, Savell JW, Griffin DB, Taylor TM, Mikel WB, Campbell JA, Arnold AN, Scaria J. National survey of Salmonella prevalence in lymph nodes of sows and market hogs. Transl Anim Sci 2018; 2:365-371. [PMID: 32704719 PMCID: PMC7200438 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Livestock are known to harbor Salmonella in their gastrointestinal (GI) tract and lymphatic tissues. Pathogens may be transferred from the GI tract to external carcass surfaces during normal harvest procedures but can be mitigated by antimicrobial carcass interventions. Lymph nodes (LNs) are typically encased in fat and are protected from antimicrobial carcass surface treatments, thus serving as a possible root cause of foodborne illnesses attributed to Salmonella in meat products. Members of the pork industry are committed to food safety and want to better understand Salmonella as a potential contaminant in pork products. To establish a baseline of Salmonella prevalence in porcine LNs across the United States, 21 commercial pork harvest facilities, representing northern (n = 12) or southern (n = 9) geographical regions, participated in this study. As processing volumes allowed, 25 carcasses were selected from each establishment. From each carcass, left and right superficial inguinal LNs (n =1,014 LNs) were removed and pooled to yield one sample per animal or n = 507 total LN samples. Salmonella prevalence rates differed (P < 0.05) between hog types in both regions. Specifically, 6.4% of market hog and 37.0% of sow samples were Salmonella positive in the northern region. This was reversed in the southern region as 13.0% of market hog and 4.8% of sow samples were Salmonella positive. There also was a difference (P < 0.05) in prevalence rates between northern and southern regions for sows, but not market hogs (P > 0.05). Type of chilling method (conventional, blast, or other) used at each market hog facility (n = 12) was documented. In the northern region, prevalence rates of Salmonella across chilling types were as follows: 20.0%, 2.7%, and 1.3% positive samples for conventional, other, and blast chill methods, respectively. In the southern region, 20.0% of samples were positive for conventional, 0.0% for blast, and 12.0% for other chilling methods. In both regions, samples from conventionally chilled carcasses returned more (P < 0.05) positive results than any other chill method. Overall, the higher rate of Salmonella prevalence in northern sows warrants further investigation, and members of the pork industry would benefit from the identification of possible methods to address the presence of Salmonella in porcine LNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baylee C Bessire
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Milton Thomas
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Kerri B Gehring
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Jeffrey W Savell
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Davey B Griffin
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - T Matthew Taylor
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | | | - Ashley N Arnold
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
- Corresponding author:
| | - Joy Scaria
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Campbell JA, Brodie EDJ, Caviedes-Solis IW, De Oca ANM, Luja VÍH, Flores-Villela O, GarcÍa-vÁzquez UO, Sarker GC, Wostl E, Smith EN. Systematics of the frogs allocated to Sarcohyla bistincta sensu lato (Cope, 1877), with description of a new species from Western Mexico. Zootaxa 2018; 4422:366-384. [PMID: 30313491 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4422.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A new species of hylid frog is described from the southwestern edge of the Mexican Plateau from the states of Morelos and Mexico through Michoacán and Jalisco, reaching the Sierra Madre Occidental in Sinaloa and western Durango. The new species is part of the widespread Mexican hylid Sarcohyla bistincta (sensu amplo) complex, comprised of S. bistincta, S. pentheter, S. calthula, and S. ephemera. One subspecies of S. bistincta (labeculata) was proposed for an isolated population in Oaxaca. We restrict the group's nominal species, S. bistincta (sensu stricto), to the Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico and southward into the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero and Oaxaca. Examination of type material places S. calthula and S. ephemera in the synonymy of S. labeculata (new combination). The species allied to S. bistincta, namely, S. bistincta, S. labeculata, S. pentheter, and the new species described herein, are diagnosed and described following recent suggested taxonomic changes and new available material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA..
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Faivovich J, Pereyra MO, Luna MC, Hertz A, Blotto BL, Vásquez-Almazán CR, McCranie JR, Sánchez DA, Baêta D, Araujo-Vieira K, Köhler G, Kubicki B, Campbell JA, Frost DR, Wheeler WC, Haddad CF. On the Monophyly and Relationships of Several Genera of Hylini (Anura: Hylidae: Hylinae), with Comments on Recent Taxonomic Changes in Hylids. South American Journal of Herpetology 2018. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-17-00115.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julián Faivovich
- Division Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” —Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín O. Pereyra
- Division Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” —Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celeste Luna
- Division Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” —Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andreas Hertz
- Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Boris L. Blotto
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-090 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. Vásquez-Almazán
- Museo de Historia Natural, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Calle Mariscal Cruz 1-56 zona 10, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | | | - David A. Sánchez
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - Délio Baêta
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Aquicultura, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katyuscia Araujo-Vieira
- Division Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” —Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gunther Köhler
- Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Brian Kubicki
- Costa Rican Amphibian Research Center, Guayacán, Provincia de Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - Darrel R. Frost
- Herpetology, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Ward C. Wheeler
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Célio F.B. Haddad
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Aquicultura, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cox CL, Davis Rabosky AR, Holmes IA, Reyes-Velasco J, Roelke CE, Smith EN, Flores-Villela O, McGuire JA, Campbell JA. Synopsis and taxonomic revision of three genera in the snake tribe Sonorini. J NAT HIST 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1449912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian L. Cox
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Alison R. Davis Rabosky
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Iris A. Holmes
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jacobo Reyes-Velasco
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
- Evolutionary Genomics Laboratory, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Corey E. Roelke
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Eric N. Smith
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | | | - Jimmy A. McGuire
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Canseco-mÁrquez L, RamÍrez-gonzÁlez CG, Campbell JA. Taxonomic review of the rare Mexican snake genus Chersodromus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 2018; 4399:151-169. [PMID: 29690301 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chersodromus is an endemic Mexican genus of snakes characterized by fused prefrontals shield. Only two species were previously known within the genus, C. liebmanni and C. rubriventris. We describe two new congeners, one from the Sierra Madre Oriental of northern Puebla and another from the Atlantic lowlands of the Chimalapas region in southeastern Oaxaca. These new species can be clearly differentiated on the basis of their morphology. Diagnostic characters distinguishing congeners include the number of dorsal scale rows, supralabials, and infralabials contacting anterior chinshields; whether or not the mental contacts the first pair of chinshields; and the coloration of the belly. We provide hemipenal descriptions of three species for which males are known.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Canseco-mÁrquez
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, AP 70-399 México, DF 04510, México.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Worthington MJH, Kucera RL, Albuquerque IS, Gibson CT, Sibley A, Slattery AD, Campbell JA, Alboaiji SFK, Muller KA, Young J, Adamson N, Gascooke JR, Jampaiah D, Sabri YM, Bhargava SK, Ippolito SJ, Lewis DA, Quinton JS, Ellis AV, Johs A, Bernardes GJL, Chalker JM. Laying Waste to Mercury: Inexpensive Sorbents Made from Sulfur and Recycled Cooking Oils. Chemistry 2017; 23:16219-16230. [PMID: 28763123 PMCID: PMC5724514 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mercury pollution threatens the environment and human health across the globe. This neurotoxic substance is encountered in artisanal gold mining, coal combustion, oil and gas refining, waste incineration, chloralkali plant operation, metallurgy, and areas of agriculture in which mercury-rich fungicides are used. Thousands of tonnes of mercury are emitted annually through these activities. With the Minamata Convention on Mercury entering force this year, increasing regulation of mercury pollution is imminent. It is therefore critical to provide inexpensive and scalable mercury sorbents. The research herein addresses this need by introducing low-cost mercury sorbents made solely from sulfur and unsaturated cooking oils. A porous version of the polymer was prepared by simply synthesising the polymer in the presence of a sodium chloride porogen. The resulting material is a rubber that captures liquid mercury metal, mercury vapour, inorganic mercury bound to organic matter, and highly toxic alkylmercury compounds. Mercury removal from air, water and soil was demonstrated. Because sulfur is a by-product of petroleum refining and spent cooking oils from the food industry are suitable starting materials, these mercury-capturing polymers can be synthesised entirely from waste and supplied on multi-kilogram scales. This study is therefore an advance in waste valorisation and environmental chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max J. H. Worthington
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Renata L. Kucera
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Inês S. Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Christopher T. Gibson
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Alexander Sibley
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ashley D. Slattery
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Salah F. K. Alboaiji
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Katherine A. Muller
- Environmental Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
| | - Jason Young
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Flinders Analytical, School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Nick Adamson
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jason R. Gascooke
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Deshetti Jampaiah
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ylias M. Sabri
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Suresh K. Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Samuel J. Ippolito
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - David A. Lewis
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jamie S. Quinton
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Amanda V. Ellis
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Alexander Johs
- Environmental Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Worthington MJH, Kucera RL, Albuquerque IS, Gibson CT, Sibley A, Slattery AD, Campbell JA, Alboaiji SFK, Muller KA, Young J, Adamson N, Gascooke JR, Jampaiah D, Sabri YM, Bhargava SK, Ippolito SJ, Lewis DA, Quinton JS, Ellis AV, Johs A, Bernardes GJL, Chalker JM. Cover Feature: Laying Waste to Mercury: Inexpensive Sorbents Made from Sulfur and Recycled Cooking Oils (Chem. Eur. J. 64/2017). Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max J. H. Worthington
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Renata L. Kucera
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Inês S. Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Christopher T. Gibson
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Alexander Sibley
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Ashley D. Slattery
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Salah F. K. Alboaiji
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Katherine A. Muller
- Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Jason Young
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Flinders Analytical, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Nick Adamson
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Jason R. Gascooke
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Deshetti Jampaiah
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Ylias M. Sabri
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Suresh K. Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Samuel J. Ippolito
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
- School of Engineering RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - David A. Lewis
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Jamie S. Quinton
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Amanda V. Ellis
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Alexander Johs
- Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Arteaga Custode IS, Campbell JA, Cassar JR, Mills EW. Oxygen Scavengers affect Gas Mixture and Color Stability of Master Packed Ground Beef. Meat and Muscle Biology 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.04.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of storage time, display time, oxygen scavengers, and carbon dioxide concentration on master packed ground beef color and package characteristics. Samples were stored at 0.5°C for up to 28 d in 20% CO2/80% N2 and 30% CO2/70% N2. Results indicated that red meat color was maintained for up to 28 d of storage. Nevertheless, a* values (meat redness) decreased during display as storage time increased (p < 0.05). Master packs with 2 types of oxygen scavengers showed comparable total carbon dioxide absorbed. However, differences between oxygen scavengers were noticed in packages that did not include meat. Carbon dioxide significantly decreased by 14 d of storage in packages with oxygen scavengers (p < 0.05), and remained low for the duration of the study. Carbon dioxide absorption by an oxygen scavenger is an important factor when considering the headspace gas and specific oxygen scavenger used in a modified atmosphere packaging system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edward W. Mills
- The Pennsylvania State University Department of Animal Science
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sharma A, Pan X, Campbell JA, Andersson MR, Lewis DA. Unravelling the Thermomechanical Properties of Bulk Heterojunction Blends in Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Sharma
- Flinders
Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Xun Pan
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Flinders
Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Mats R. Andersson
- Flinders
Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - David A. Lewis
- Flinders
Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Abstract
Blends of polyimides XU-218 and PEI were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and adhesive bond testing. The thermal stability of the blends increased as the proportion of PEI increased while the α-relaxation of the blends occurred at a slower rate and was broader and more cooperative in some blends, compared with the pure polymers. Physical aging of the pure polymers and blends in the glass state revealed changes in relaxation rate and lost enthalpy that were also consistent with blends not behaving as simple mixtures. The dynamic mechanical and physical aging behaviour was attributed to an increase in density on blending which decreased the unoccupied volume and increased the constraints on molecular mobility, as well as to the presence of concentration fluctuations. The adhesive properties of the blends were also investigated and bond strength was found to vary with blend composition and test temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A A Goodwin
- Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | | | - V Reddy
- Raychem Corporation, Research and Development, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Preservation by pickling has been used for many years to extend the shelf life of various types of food products. By storing meat products in a brine solution containing an organic acid, salt, spices, as well as other preservatives, the pH of the product is reduced, thus increasing the safety and shelf life of the product. Pickling may involve the use of heated brines to further add to the safety of the food product. When precooked, ready-to-eat (RTE) sausages are pickled with a heated brine solution, the process is referred to as hot filling. However, hot filling has been shown to affect the clarity of the brine, making the product cloudy and unappealing to consumers. Because of the potential quality defects caused by higher temperatures associated with hot fill pickling, cold fill pickling, which uses room temperature brine, is preferred by some pickled sausage manufacturers. Because little information exists on the safety of cold fill, pickled sausages, a challenge study was designed using a brine solution (5% acetic acid and 5% salt at 25°C) to pickle precooked, RTE sausages inoculated with a pathogen cocktail consisting of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Senftenberg, Salmonella Montevideo, Listeria monocytogenes , and Staphylococcus aureus . All pathogens were reduced ~6.80 log CFU/g in 72 h when enumerated on nonselective media. On selective media, Salmonella and L. monocytogenes decreased 6.33 and 6.35 log CFU/g in 12 h, respectively whereas S. aureus was reduced 6.80 log CFU/g in 24 h. Sausages experienced significant (P ≤ 0.05) decreases in pH over the 28 days of storage, whereas no significant differences were observed in water activity (P =0.1291) or salt concentration of the sausages (P =0.1445) or brine (P =0.3180). The results of this experiment demonstrate that cold fill pickling can effectively reduce and inhibit bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson J Gaydos
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Catherine N Cutter
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Campbell JA, Venn A, Neil A, Hensher M, Sharman M, Palmer AJ. Diverse approaches to the health economic evaluation of bariatric surgery: a comprehensive systematic review. Obes Rev 2016; 17:850-94. [PMID: 27383557 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health economic evaluations inform healthcare resource allocation decisions for treatment options for obesity including bariatric/metabolic surgery. As an important advance on existing systematic reviews, we aimed to capture, summarize and synthesize a diverse range of economic evaluations on bariatric surgery. METHODS Studies were identified by electronic screening of all major biomedical/economic databases. Studies included if they reported any quantified health economic cost and/or consequence with a measure of effect for any type of bariatric surgery from 1995 to September 2015. Study screening, data extraction and synthesis followed international guidelines for systematic reviews. RESULTS Six thousand one hundred eighty-seven studies were initially identified. After two levels of screening, 77 studies representing 17 countries (56% USA) were included. Despite study heterogeneity, common themes emerged, and important gaps were identified. Most studies adopted the healthcare system/third-party payer perspective; reported costs were generally healthcare resource use (inpatient/shorter-term outpatient). Out-of-pocket costs to individuals, family members (travel time, caregiving) and indirect costs due to lost productivity were largely ignored. Costs due to reoperations/complications were not included in one-third of studies. Body-contouring surgery included in only 14%. One study evaluated long-term waitlisted patients. Surgery was cost-effective/cost-saving for severely obese with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study quality was inconsistent. DISCUSSION There is a need for studies that assume a broader societal perspective (including out-of-pocket costs, costs to family and productivity losses) and longer-term costs (capture reoperations/complications, waiting, body contouring), and consequences (health-related quality-of-life). Full economic evaluation underpinned by reporting standards should inform prioritization of patients (e.g. type 2 diabetes mellitus with body mass index 30 to 34.9 kg/m(2) or long-term waitlisted) for surgery. © 2016 World Obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Campbell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - A Venn
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - A Neil
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - M Hensher
- Department of Health and Human Services, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - M Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - A J Palmer
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mailho-Fontana PL, Antoniazzi MM, Barros-Battesti DM, Jared C, Campbell JA, Brodie ED. Toad Parotoid Pores Shelter Tick Larvae. South American Journal of Herpetology 2016. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-16-00024.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
39
|
Campillo G, Dávila-Galavíz LF, Flores-Villela O, Campbell JA. A new species of Rhadinella (Serpentes: Colubridae) from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero, Mexico. Zootaxa 2016; 4103:165-73. [PMID: 27394626 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new species of Rhadinella from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero, Mexico, a region where the genus was previously unknown. This diminutive species is a member of a group of snakes previously allocated in the Rhadinaea godmani group, and more recently transferred to the genus Rhadinella. These snakes may have conspicuous dark longitudinal striping on a pale brown to orange background or may have dark brown to blackish dorsal ground coloration, which mostly or completely obfuscates a pattern of longitudinal striping. The new species is mostly dark with barely discernible slightly paler or darker striping (depending on how striping is interpreted). The closest relative of the new species, on the basis of morphological similarities and biogeography, appears to be Rhadinella donaji which occurs to the east in the Sierra Madre del Sur of Oaxaca about 275 km from the type-locality of the new species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Campillo
- Colección Herpetológica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CP 11340, México, D.F. Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-399, CP 04510, México, D.F.; unknown
| | - Luis Fernando Dávila-Galavíz
- Colección Herpetológica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CP 11340, México, D.F.; unknown
| | - Oscar Flores-Villela
- Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-399, CP 04510, México, D.F.; unknown
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, 76019, Texas, U.S.A.;
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Crockett MP, Evans AM, Worthington MJH, Albuquerque IS, Slattery AD, Gibson CT, Campbell JA, Lewis DA, Bernardes GJL, Chalker JM. Sulfur-Limonene Polysulfide: A Material Synthesized Entirely from Industrial By-Products and Its Use in Removing Toxic Metals from Water and Soil. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:1714-8. [PMID: 26481099 PMCID: PMC4755153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A polysulfide material was synthesized by the direct reaction of sulfur and d-limonene, by-products of the petroleum and citrus industries, respectively. The resulting material was processed into functional coatings or molded into solid devices for the removal of palladium and mercury salts from water and soil. The binding of mercury(II) to the sulfur-limonene polysulfide resulted in a color change. These properties motivate application in next-generation environmental remediation and mercury sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Crockett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Austin M Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Max J H Worthington
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Inês S Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ashley D Slattery
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher T Gibson
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - David A Lewis
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Justin M Chalker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
III JRM, Eichenbaum A, Campbell JA. Taxonomic Review of the Populations of the Fringe-Limbed Treefrogs (Hylidae:Ecnomiohyla) in Mexico and Nuclear Central America. South American Journal of Herpetology 2015. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-15-00010.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
42
|
Crockett MP, Evans AM, Worthington MJH, Albuquerque IS, Slattery AD, Gibson CT, Campbell JA, Lewis DA, Bernardes GJL, Chalker JM. Sulfur-Limonene Polysulfide: A Material Synthesized Entirely from Industrial By-Products and Its Use in Removing Toxic Metals from Water and Soil. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Crockett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Tulsa; Tulsa Oklahoma United States
| | - Austin M. Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Tulsa; Tulsa Oklahoma United States
| | - Max J. H. Worthington
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Inês S. Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Ashley D. Slattery
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Christopher T. Gibson
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - David A. Lewis
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Abstract
I describe a new species of Rhadinella from the Pacific versant of Oaxaca, Mexico, a region where the genus was previously unknown. This diminutive snake is a member of a group of snakes that have dark dorsal coloration, which mostly or completely obfuscates a pattern of longitudinal striping characteristic of most species of Rhadinella. The closest relative of the new species, on the basis of morphological similarities, appears to be Rhadinella pilonaorum which occurs to the east of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec about 800 km from the type-locality of the new species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019.;
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Clark SM, Campbell JA, Lewis DA. Synthesis and Characterisation of High Fullerene Content Polymers and Their Use in Organic Photovoltaic Devices. Aust J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ch15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Narrow dispersity polymers with a high tethered fullerene content were synthesised by first polymerising poly(chloromethyl styrene) using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation and subsequently functionalising them with pristine fullerene. The polymers comprised 52 % by weight fullerene, corresponding to approximately one fullerene per monomer in the polymer with a different morphology to poly(3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) : phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) systems. Bulk heterojunctions formed from the polymer tethered fullerene (PTF) with P3HT yielded functioning organic photovoltaic devices with power conversion efficiencies ranging from 0.0030 to 0.22 % as the PTF was increased from 1 : 0.8 to 1 : 1.3. Process optimisation resulted in a maximum efficiency of 0.4 %.
Collapse
|
46
|
Campbell JA, Streicher JW, Cox CL, Brodie ED. A New Salamander of the GenusChiropterotriton(Caudata: Plethodontidae) from the Sierra Madre Oriental of Tamaulipas, Mexico. South American Journal of Herpetology 2014. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-14-00042.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
47
|
Mendelson JR, Jones ME, Pessier A, Toledo G, Kabay EH, Campbell JA. On the Timing of an Epidemic of Amphibian Chytridiomycosis in the Highlands of Guatemala. South American Journal of Herpetology 2014. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-14-00021.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
48
|
Campbell JA, Brodie ED, Flores-Villela O, Smith EN. A Fourth Species of Minute Salamander (Thorius: Plethodontidae) from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero, Mexico. South American Journal of Herpetology 2014. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-14-00006.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
49
|
Percino-Daniel R, del Valle YG, Campbell JA. Rediscovery and additional records for Craugastor palenque(Anura: Craugastoridae) from the archaeological Mayan site of Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico. SOUTHWEST NAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1894/n10-frmc-06.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
50
|
Streicher JW, García-Vázquez UO, Ponce-Campos P, Flores-Villela O, Campbell JA, Smith EN. Evolutionary relationships amongst polymorphic direct-developing frogs in theCraugastor rhodopisSpecies Group (Anura: Craugastoridae). SYST BIODIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2014.882428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|