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Pudis M, Palomar-Muñoz A, Solanich-Moreno X, Robles-Barba JJ, Rocamora-Blanch G, Rodríguez-Bel L, Narváez JA, Cortés-Romera M. The role of 2-[ 18F]FDG PET/CT in Erdheim-Chester disease. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2024; 43:14-22. [PMID: 37804884 DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the body distribution of Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) and determine the utility of 2-[18 F]FDG PET/CT compared to other imaging techniques. Additionally, to assess the aggressiveness and extent of the disease based on the presence/absence of the BRAFV600E mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 2-[18F]FDG-PET/CT scans of all patients diagnosed with ECD between 2008 and 2021 were reviewed, including 19 patients. The affected territories were classified as detectable by PET/CT or detectable only by other imaging techniques (bone scintigraphy, contrast-enhanced CT, or MRI). Descriptive analysis and correlation of the BRAF mutation with the affected organs and maximum SUV were performed using the Student's t-test. RESULTS Out of the 19 patients (14 males; mean age 60.3 years), 11 had the BRAFV600E mutation. A total of 127 territories (64 organ-systems) affected were identified using different imaging modalities, of which 112 were detected by PET/CT, and an additional 15 territories were solely identified by cerebral and cardiac MRI. The presence of BRAFV600E mutation was associated with greater organ involvement (p < 0.05) without differences in SUVmax (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT is a highly effective diagnostic tool in patients with ECD, detecting the majority of affected territories. MRI was the only imaging modality with additional findings in territories showing high physiological uptake of 2-[18F]FDG (cerebral and cardiac). The presence of the BRAFV600E mutation correlated with a higher extent of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pudis
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear-PET(IDI), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Palomar-Muñoz
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear-PET(IDI), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Solanich-Moreno
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J J Robles-Barba
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear-PET(IDI), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Rocamora-Blanch
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Rodríguez-Bel
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear-PET(IDI), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J A Narváez
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Cortés-Romera
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear-PET(IDI), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Morales-Ivorra I, Narváez J, Gómez-Vaquero C, Moragues C, Nolla JM, Narváez JA, Marín-López MA. A Thermographic Disease Activity Index for remote assessment of rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 2022; 8:rmdopen-2022-002615. [PMID: 36410775 PMCID: PMC9680322 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Remote assessment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has increased during recent years. However, telematic consultations preclude the possibility of carrying out a physical examination and obtaining objective inflammation. In this study, we developed and validated two novel composite disease activity indexes (Thermographic Disease Activity Index (ThermoDAI) and ThermoDAI-CRP) based on thermography of hands and machine learning, in order to assess disease activity easily, rapidly and without formal joint counts. METHODS ThermoDAI was developed as the sum of Thermographic Joint Inflammation Score (ThermoJIS), a novel joint inflammation score based on the analysis of thermal images of the hands by machine learning, the Patient Global Assessment (PGA) and, for ThermoDAI-CRP, the C reactive protein (CRP). Construct validity was tested in 146 patients with RA by using Spearman's correlation with ultrasound-determined grey-scale synovial hypertrophy (GS) and power Doppler (PD) scores, CDAI, SDAI and DAS28-CRP. RESULTS Correlations of ultrasound scores with ThermoDAI (GS=0.52; PD=0.56) and ThermoDAI-CRP (GS=0.58; PD=0.61) were moderate to strong, while the correlations of ultrasound scores with PGA (GS=0.35; PD=0.39) and PGA+CRP (GS=0.44; PD=0.46) were weak to moderate. ThermoDAI and ThermoDAI-CRP also showed strong correlations with Clinical Disease Activity Index (ρ>0.83), Simplified Disease Activity Index (ρ>0.85) and Disease Activity Score with 28-Joint Counts-CRP (ρ>0.81) and high sensitivity for detecting active synovitis using remission criteria. CONCLUSIONS ThermoDAI and ThermoDAI-CRP showed stronger correlations with ultrasound-determined synovitis than PGA and PGA + CRP, thus presenting an opportunity to improve remote consultations with patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Narváez
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen Gómez-Vaquero
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen Moragues
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Joan M Nolla
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José A Narváez
- Radiodiagnosis Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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Morales-Ivorra I, Narváez J, Gómez-Vaquero C, Moragues C, Nolla JM, Narváez JA, Marín-López MA. Assessment of inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using thermography and machine learning: a fast and automated technique. RMD Open 2022; 8:rmdopen-2022-002458. [PMID: 35840312 PMCID: PMC9295660 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sensitive detection of joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is crucial to the success of the treat-to-target strategy. In this study, we characterise a novel machine learning-based computational method to automatically assess joint inflammation in RA using thermography of the hands, a fast and non-invasive imaging technique. Methods We recruited 595 patients with arthritis and osteoarthritis, as well as healthy subjects at two hospitals over 4 years. Machine learning was used to assess joint inflammation from the thermal images of the hands using ultrasound as the reference standard, obtaining a Thermographic Joint Inflammation Score (ThermoJIS). The machine learning model was trained and tuned using data from 449 participants with different types of arthritis, osteoarthritis or without rheumatic disease (development set). The performance of the method was evaluated based on 146 patients with RA (validation set) using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC), average precision, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and F1-score. Results ThermoJIS correlated moderately with ultrasound scores (grey-scale synovial hypertrophy=0.49, p<0.001; and power Doppler=0.51, p<0.001). The AUROC for ThermoJIS for detecting active synovitis was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.86; p<0.001). In patients with RA in clinical remission, ThermoJIS values were significantly higher when active synovitis was detected by ultrasound. Conclusions ThermoJIS was able to detect joint inflammation in patients with RA, even in those in clinical remission. These results open an opportunity to develop new tools for routine detection of joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Narváez
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen Gómez-Vaquero
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen Moragues
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Joan M Nolla
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José A Narváez
- Radiodiagnosis Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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Pons Escoda A, Naval Baudin P, Mora P, Cos M, Hernandez Gañan J, Narváez JA, Aguilera C, Majós C. Imaging of skull vault tumors in adults. Insights Imaging 2020; 11:23. [PMID: 32056014 PMCID: PMC7018895 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-019-0820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The skull vault, formed by the flat bones of the skull, has a limited spectrum of disease that lies between the fields of neuro- and musculoskeletal radiology. Its unique abnormalities, as well as other ubiquitous ones, present particular features in this location. Moreover, some benign entities in this region may mimic malignancy if analyzed using classical bone-tumor criteria, and proper patient management requires being familiar with these presentations. This article is structured as a practical review offering a systematic diagnostic approach to focal calvarial lesions, broadly organized into four categories: (1) pseudolesions: arachnoid granulations, meningo-/encephaloceles, vascular canals, frontal hyperostosis, parietal thinning, parietal foramina, and sinus pericrani; (2) lytic: fibrous dysplasia, epidermal inclusion and dermoid cysts, eosinophilic granuloma, hemangioma, aneurysmal bone cyst, giant cell tumor, metastasis, and myeloma; (3) sclerotic: osteomas, osteosarcoma, and metastasis; (4) transdiploic: meningioma, hemangiopericytoma, lymphoma, and metastasis, along with other less common entities. Tips on the potential usefulness of functional imaging techniques such as MR dynamic susceptibility (T2*) perfusion, MR spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging, and PET imaging are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Pons Escoda
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Pablo Naval Baudin
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Paloma Mora
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mònica Cos
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Javier Hernandez Gañan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José A Narváez
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carles Aguilera
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carles Majós
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, C. Feixa Llarga SN, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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Vilanova JC, García-Figueiras R, Luna A, Baleato-González S, Tomás X, Narváez JA. Update on Whole-body MRI in Musculoskeletal Applications. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2019; 23:312-323. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1685540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWhole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) is a powerful tool increasingly used to assess oncologic and nononcologic diseases. WB-MRI provides information about diffuse multifocal pathologies with excellent anatomical definition through high soft tissue contrast and spatial resolution as well as valuable functional information from diffusion-weighted images. In addition to its roles in establishing the diagnosis and assessing the extent and severity of disease, WB-MRI is also useful for monitoring the response to treatment for malignant and benign systemic diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system. This article reviews and updates the applications of WB-MRI in current practice, discussing the role of this helpful tool in various conditions involving the musculoskeletal system including bone metastases, hematologic cancers, inflammatory processes, infections, and multisystemic-multifocal bone, nerve, vascular, and muscle/soft tissue disorders, as well as other idiopathic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan C. Vilanova
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Girona, Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI)-Girona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Spain
| | - Roberto García-Figueiras
- Department of Radiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Luna
- Health Time, Clínica Las Nieves, Jaén, Spain; Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sandra Baleato-González
- Department of Radiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Xavier Tomás
- Department of Radiology (CDIC), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A. Narváez
- Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
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Millón C, Flores-Burgess A, Gago B, Alén F, Orio L, García-Durán L, Narváez JA, Fuxe K, Santín L, Díaz-Cabiale Z. Role of the galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) in anhedonia: Involvement of the dopaminergic mesolimbic system. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:737-747. [PMID: 31081442 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119844188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is a core feature of depressive disorders. The galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) plays a role in mood regulation since it induces depression and anxiogenic-like effects in rats. In this study, we analysed galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) actions in anhedonic-like behaviours in rats using operant and non-operant tests and the areas involved with these effects. METHODS Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) effects were analysed in saccharin self-administration, sucrose preference, novelty-suppressed feeding and female urine sniffing tests. The areas involved in galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15)-mediated effects were studied with positron emission tomography for in vivo imaging, and we analysed the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) had effects on the mRNA expression of the dopamine transporters Dat and Vmat2; the C-Fos gene; the dopamine receptors D1, D2, D3, D5; and the galanin receptors 1 and 2. RESULTS Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) at a concentration of 3 nmol induced a strong anhedonia-like phenotype in all tests. The involvement of galanin receptor 2 was demonstrated with the galanin receptor 2 antagonist M871 (3 nmol). The 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images indicated the action of galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) over several nuclei of the limbic system. Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15)-mediated effects also involved changes in the expression of Dat, Vmat2, D3 and galanin receptors in the ventral tegmental area as well as the expression of C-Fos, D1, D2 and D3 and TH immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumbens. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) exerts strong anhedonic-like effects and that this effect was accompanied by changes in the dopaminergic mesolimbic system. These results may provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies using galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) analogues for the treatment of depression and reward-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Millón
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.,2 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Flores-Burgess
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Belén Gago
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Alén
- 2 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Orio
- 2 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura García-Durán
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A Narváez
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luis Santín
- 4 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
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Narváez JA, Hernández-Gañán J, Isern J, Sánchez-Fernández JJ. Rheumatic diseases of the spine: imaging diagnosis. Radiologia 2016; 58 Suppl 1:35-49. [PMID: 26908249 DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spinal involvement is common both in the spondyloarthritides and in rheumatoid arthritis, in which the cervical segment is selectively affected. Rheumatoid involvement of the cervical spine has characteristic radiologic manifestations, fundamentally different patterns of atlantoaxial instability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the technique of choice for evaluating the possible repercussions of atlantoaxial instability on the spinal cord and/or nerve roots in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as well as for evaluating parameters indicative of active inflammation, such as bone edema and synovitis. Axial involvement is characteristic in the spondyloarthritides and has distinctive manifestations on plain-film X-rays, which reflect destructive and reparative phenomena. The use of MRI has changed the conception of spondyloarthritis because it is able to directly detect the inflammatory changes that form part of the disease, making it possible to establish the diagnosis early in the disease process, when plain-film X-ray findings are normal (non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis), to assess the prognosis of the disease, and to contribute to treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Narváez
- Sección de Radiología Músculo-Esquelética, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, ĹHospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
| | - J Hernández-Gañán
- Sección de Radiología Músculo-Esquelética, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, ĹHospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
| | - J Isern
- Sección de Radiología Músculo-Esquelética, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, ĹHospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
| | - J J Sánchez-Fernández
- Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, ĹHospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
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Ribera A, Labori M, Hernández J, Lora-Tamayo J, González-Cañas L, Font F, Nolla JM, Ariza J, Narváez JA, Murillo O. Risk factors and prognosis of vertebral compressive fracture in pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. Infection 2015; 44:29-37. [PMID: 26048256 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-015-0800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse the clinical, microbiological and radiological characteristics, and to identify risk factors of vertebral compressive fracture (VF) in spontaneous pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (VO). METHODS A retrospective clinical study and blinded radiological review of adult patients with VO. RESULTS Eighty-eight patients were included: 57 (65%) had a definitive diagnosis of VO (positive microbiology), and 31 (35%) had a probable diagnosis of VO. Of these, 27 (30.7%) presented with VF at diagnosis of VO, and 4 afterwards (total 31, 35.2%). Patients with VF were considered to be at higher risk of osteopenia--they were older (74 vs 66 years, p = 0.013), and included high percentage of women (33 vs 41%, NS)--; and presented more dorsal involvement (56 vs 21%; p < 0.007). Causal microorganisms were similar between groups (VF, no VF). The time to diagnosis of VO was longer in the presence of VF (65 vs 23 days, p = 0.001), and also in cases with no isolated organisms. All patients received antibiotics, and just one patient required spinal stabilisation (VF). After 357 median days of follow-up, all patients were cured. Clinical improvement (residual pain, functional recovery) tended to be slower in patients with VF (log-rank 0.19 and 0.15, respectively), but clinical symptoms were similar in most patients at the last follow-up (VF, no VF). CONCLUSIONS VF is a common complication in pyogenic VO that causes slower clinical recovery. Risk factors of VF are: osteopenia, a delayed diagnosis and dorsal involvement. Conservative management is probably appropriate for most cases, but spinal stabilisation should be considered in some specific cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ribera
- Infectious Diseases Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Labori
- Infectious Diseases Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández
- Radiology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Lora-Tamayo
- Infectious Diseases Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís González-Cañas
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federic Font
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan M Nolla
- Rheumatology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Ariza
- Infectious Diseases Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A Narváez
- Radiology Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Murillo
- Infectious Diseases Department, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Flores-Burgess A, Parrado C, Narváez M, Millón C, Puigcerver A, Coveñas R, Fuxe K, Narváez JA. Galanin receptor/neuropeptide y receptor interactions in the central nervous system. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2015; 15:666-72. [PMID: 25175455 DOI: 10.2174/1389203715666140901111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The presence of Galanin and Neuropeptide Y and/or their receptors in several areas of the brain involved in memory, mood, cardiovascular control and food intake indicates that Galanin, and Neuropeptide Y could equilibrate the physiological actions of each other. There is evidence for the existence of interactions between Galanin Receptor and Neuropeptide Y Receptor in the nucleus of the solitarii tract (NTS), hypothalamus and dorsal raphe nucleus probably taking place with the formation of heteromers between Galanin Receptor and Neuropeptide Y Y1 Receptor. The galanin fragment (Gal 1-15) preferring receptors may instead be formed by the GalR1-GalR2 heteromer which in the NTS may interact with Neuropeptide Y Y2 receptors. These receptor heteromers may be one key molecular mechanism for Galanin and its N-terminal fragment (Galanin 1-15) to modulate the function of different types of glia-neuronal networks in the CNS, especially the emotional, metabolic and cardiovascular networks.
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Narváez JA, Bueno Horcajadas A, de Miguel Mendieta E, Sanz Sanz J. Guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging in axial spondyloarthritis: A Delphi study. Radiologia 2015; 57:512-22. [PMID: 25627428 DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The term axial spondyloarthritis refers to a group of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases with a common genetic basis that course with axial and peripheral involvement and enthesitis. Recently, the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) established some diagnostic criteria, including for the first time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Given the difficulties of obtaining MRI in some environments and the lack of experience with axial spondyloarthritis, a group of radiologists and rheumatologists sought to establish some practical guidelines to ensure the correct use of MRI in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using the Delphi method, we used a questionnaire with 49 items stratified into 4 blocks to survey 46 experts in the MRI diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis. RESULTS The experts agreed on 82% of the items. The degree of agreement was 100% in the block "Importance of early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis", 69% in the block "Optimization of the use of MRI in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis", 93% in the block "Use of MRI in axial spondyloarthritis: Technical aspects", and 57% in the block "Usefulness of MRI in the prognosis, follow-up, and evaluation of the response to treatment in axial spondyloarthritis". CONCLUSIONS Despite the importance of MRI in the early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis, this study shows the need for standardization and points to relative disagreement about how to use MRI in the follow-up of the disease and evaluation of the response to treatment. The results of this study can help improve the use of MRI in axial spondyloarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Narváez
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
| | - A Bueno Horcajadas
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, España
| | | | - J Sanz Sanz
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, España
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de Souza E, Aguilar LA, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Narváez JA, Coveñas R. Mapping of neurotensin in the alpaca (Lama pacos) brainstem. Anat Histol Embryol 2013; 43:245-56. [PMID: 23692174 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied the distribution of cell bodies and fibres containing neurotensin (NT) in the brainstem of the alpaca using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Immunoreactive fibres were widely distributed throughout the brainstem, whereas the distribution of cell bodies was less widespread. Immunoreactive perikarya were only found in the mesencephalic and bulbar reticular formation, periaqueductal grey, nucleus of the solitary tract, laminar spinal trigeminal nucleus and in the inferior colliculus. A high density of fibres containing NT was found in the dorsal nucleus of the raphe, marginal nucleus of the brachium conjunctivum, locus coeruleus, inferior colliculus, inter-peduncular nucleus, substantia nigra, periaqueductal grey, reticular formation of the mesencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata, nucleus of the solitary tract, laminar spinal trigeminal nucleus, hypoglossal nucleus, inferior central nucleus and in the tegmental reticular nucleus. The widespread distribution indicates that NT might be involved in multiple physiological actions in the alpaca brainstem; this must be investigated in the future as alpacas lives from 0 m above sea level to altitudes of up 5000 m and hence the involvement of this neuropeptide in special and unique regulatory physiological mechanisms could be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- E de Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Narváez J, Narváez JA, Gómez-Vaquero C, Nolla JM. Lack of response to teriparatide therapy for bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:731-3. [PMID: 22398853 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-1918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Coveñas R, Mangas A, Medina LE, Sánchez ML, Aguilar LA, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Narváez JA. Mapping of somatostatin-28 (1-12) in the alpaca diencephalon. J Chem Neuroanat 2011; 42:89-98. [PMID: 21729751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Using an immunocytochemical technique, we report for the first time the distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies and fibers containing somatostatin-28 (1-12) in the alpaca diencephalon. Somatostatin-28 (1-12)-immunoreactive cell bodies were only observed in the hypothalamus (lateral hypothalamic area, arcuate nucleus and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus). However, immunoreactive fibers were widely distributed throughout the thalamus and hypothalamus. A high density of such fibers was observed in the central medial thalamic nucleus, laterodorsal thalamic nucleus, lateral habenular nucleus, mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, reuniens thalamic nucleus, rhomboid thalamic nucleus, subparafascicular thalamic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic area, arcuate nucleus, dorsal hypothalamic area, around the fornix, lateral hypothalamic area, lateral mammilary nucleus, posterior hypothalamic nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, supraoptic hypothalamic nucleus, and in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. The widespread distribution of somatostatin-28 (1-12) in the thalamus and hypothalamus of the alpaca suggests that the neuropeptide could be involved in many physiological actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Coveñas
- Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Salamanca, Spain.
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Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment have been recognized as essential for improving clinical outcomes in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. However, diagnosis is somewhat difficult in the early stages of the disease because the diagnostic criteria were developed from data obtained in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and therefore are not readily applicable. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly being used in the assessment of rheumatoid arthritis due to its capacity to help identify the key pathologic features of this disease entity at presentation. MR imaging has demonstrated greater sensitivity for the detection of synovitis and erosions than either clinical examination or conventional radiography and can help establish an early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. It also allows the detection of bone marrow edema, which is thought to be a precursor for the development of erosions in early rheumatoid arthritis as well as a marker of active inflammation. In addition, MR imaging can help differentiate rheumatoid arthritis from some clinical subsets of peripheral spondyloarthropathies by allowing identification of inflammation at the insertions of ligaments and tendons (enthesitis).
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Narváez
- Departments of Radiology and Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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Narváez JA, Narváez J, Serrallonga M, De Lama E, de Albert M, Mast R, Nolla JM. Cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: correlation between neurological manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:1814-9. [PMID: 18927193 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between neurological deficits indicative of compressive myelopathy and MRI findings in a series of patients with RA and symptomatic involvement of the cervical spine. METHODS Forty-one consecutive patients with RA were studied using cervical spine MRI. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify MRI parameters of cervical spine involvement associated with the development of neurological dysfunction. RESULTS The mean age of the 41 patients (33 women and 8 men) was 59 yrs (range 23-82 yrs), while the median disease duration was 18 +/- 9 yrs (range 4-40 yrs). According to Ranawat's classification, 17 (42%) patients were in Class I, 21 (51%) in Class II and 3 (7%) in Class III. Thus, patients with clinical manifestations of compressive myelopathy (Ranawat's Class II + III) represented 58% (24/41) of all cases. Among the different MRI parameters of cervical spine involvement analysed, only the presence of atlantoaxial spinal canal stenosis [odds ratio (OR) 4.55; 95% CI 1.14-18.15], atlantoaxial cervical cord compression (OR 9.6; 95% CI 1.08-85.16) and subaxial myelopathy changes (OR 11.43; 95% CI 1.3-100.81) were associated with a significantly increased risk for neurological dysfunction (Ranawat's Class II or III). CONCLUSION In RA patients with symptomatic cervical spine involvement, there is a strong correlation between the development of neurological dysfunction and MRI identification of atlantoaxial spinal canal stenosis, especially in those cases with evidence of upper cervical cord or brainstem compression and subaxial myelopathy changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Narváez
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n. 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
Alveolar microlithiasis is an uncommon disease of unknown etiology characterized by the presence of multiple, predominantly subpleural, intra-alveolar microcalcifications. We present a case in which the high-resolution CT images show diffuse pulmonary microcalcifications together with patchy areas of ground glass attenuation associated to marked thickening of the interlobular septa, all of which taken together constitute the crazy paving pattern. This pattern is not specific for alveolar microlithiasis; it has also been reported in other entities, including alveolar proteinosis, lipoid pneumonia, and bronchial alveolar carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Roca Vanaclocha
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital Municipal de Badalona. Barcelona. España.
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Seamari Y, Narváez JA, Vico FJ, Lobo D, Sanchez-Vives MV. Robust off- and online separation of intracellularly recorded up and down cortical states. PLoS One 2007; 2:e888. [PMID: 17849017 PMCID: PMC1964538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neuronal cortical network generates slow (<1 Hz) spontaneous rhythmic activity that emerges from the recurrent connectivity. This activity occurs during slow wave sleep or anesthesia and also in cortical slices, consisting of alternating up (active, depolarized) and down (silent, hyperpolarized) states. The search for the underlying mechanisms and the possibility of analyzing network dynamics in vitro has been subject of numerous studies. This exposes the need for a detailed quantitative analysis of the membrane fluctuating behavior and computerized tools to automatically characterize the occurrence of up and down states. Methodology/Principal Findings Intracellular recordings from different areas of the cerebral cortex were obtained from both in vitro and in vivo preparations during slow oscillations. A method that separates up and down states recorded intracellularly is defined and analyzed here. The method exploits the crossover of moving averages, such that transitions between up and down membrane regimes can be anticipated based on recent and past voltage dynamics. We demonstrate experimentally the utility and performance of this method both offline and online, the online use allowing to trigger stimulation or other events in the desired period of the rhythm. This technique is compared with a histogram-based approach that separates the states by establishing one or two discriminating membrane potential levels. The robustness of the method presented here is tested on data that departs from highly regular alternating up and down states. Conclusions/Significance We define a simple method to detect cortical states that can be applied in real time for offline processing of large amounts of recorded data on conventional computers. Also, the online detection of up and down states will facilitate the study of cortical dynamics. An open-source MATLAB® toolbox, and Spike 2®-compatible version are made freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamina Seamari
- Departamento Fisiología General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A. Narváez
- Departamento Fisiología General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Vico
- Departamento Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Daniel Lobo
- Departamento Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria V. Sanchez-Vives
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
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Parrado C, Díaz-Cabiale Z, García-Coronel M, Agnati LF, Coveñas R, Fuxe K, Narváez JA. Region specific galanin receptor/neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor interactions in the tel- and diencephalon of the rat. Relevance for food consumption. Neuropharmacology 2007; 52:684-92. [PMID: 17087983 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2006] [Revised: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the interactions between NPY and GAL receptor (GALR) subtypes in the hypothalamus and the amygdala using quantitative receptor autoradiography to analyze the binding characteristics of NPY-Y1 and Y2 receptor subtypes in the presence and absence of GAL. Food intake in satiated animals was evaluated after intraventricular co-injections of GAL and NPY-Y1 or Y2 agonists. The expression of c-Fos IR in both regions was also investigated. GAL decreases NPY-Y1 agonist binding in the arcuate nucleus by about 15% (p<0.01), but increases NPY-Y1 agonist binding in amygdala (18%) (p<0.01). These effects were blocked with the GAL antagonist M35. Y2-agonist binding was not modified by GAL. GAL blocked the food intake induced by the Y1 agonist (p<0.01). Co-injections of Y1 agonist and GAL also reduced the c-Fos expression induced by the Y1 agonist in the arcuate nucleus and the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus but increased c-Fos expression in amygdala. These results indicate the existence of antagonistic interactions between GALR and NPY-Y1 receptors in the hypothalamus and their functional relevance for food intake. In contrast, a facilitatory interaction between GALR and Y1 receptors exists in the amygdala which may be of relevance for fear related behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Parrado
- Department of Histology, University of Málaga, Faculty of Medicine, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Malaga 29080, Spain
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Narváez J, Nolla JM, Narváez JA, Martinez-Carnicero L, De Lama E, Gómez-Vaquero C, Murillo O, Valverde J, Ariza J. Spontaneous pyogenic facet joint infection. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2006; 35:272-83. [PMID: 16616150 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2005.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical features, approaches to management, and outcome of spontaneous pyogenic facet joint infection (PFJI) in adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS Case series of 10 adults with microbiologically proven PFJI diagnosed during a 10-year period in a teaching hospital, plus a review of 32 additional cases previously reported (PubMed 1972 to 2003). Patients with prior spinal instrumentation or surgery and injection drug users were excluded. Only cases that were sufficiently detailed to be individually analyzed were included. These 32 cases, together with our 10 patients, form the basis of the present analysis. RESULTS PFJI represented nearly 20% of all spontaneous pyogenic spinal infection diagnosed in our hospital during a 10-year period. This data suggest that PFJI is more common than was previously thought. Of the 42 patients with PFJI, 26 (62%) were men and 16 (38%) were women, with ages ranging from 20 to 86 years (mean age, 59+/-15 years); 55% of patients were older than 60 years. The most common location of infections was the lumbosacral region (86%). All patients presented with severe back pain; fever was noted in 83% of the cases and neurological impairment in nearly 48%. In 38% of patients a systemic predisposing factor for infection was present; the most common conditions were diabetes mellitus, malignancies, and alcoholism. In almost 36% of cases, one or more concomitant infectious processes due to the same microorganism was found, mainly arthritis, skin and soft-tissue infections, endocarditis, and urinary tract infections. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common etiologic microorganism (86% of cases). Bacteremia was documented in 81% of the cases. The diagnosis of PFJI was based mainly on imaging study findings. Paraspinal and/or epidural extension was frequent (81% of cases), but its presence did not indicate a worse prognosis. Medical treatment alone was usually successful. The overall prognosis of PFJI was good, with a mortality rate of only 2%. The great majority of patients were cured without functional sequelae. CONCLUSION Incidence data from our institution reveal that PFJI is not a rare condition, representing approximately 20% of all pyogenic spinal infections. This entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with low back pain, especially in the presence of fever, whatever the patient's immunological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Narváez
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Parrado C, Fuxe K, Agnati L, Narváez JA. Receptor–receptor interactions in central cardiovascular regulation. Focus on neuropeptide/α2-adrenoreceptor interactions in the nucleus tractus solitarius. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 114:115-25. [PMID: 16988794 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) is a key nucleus in central cardiovascular control. In this mechanism it is well known the role of the alpha(2)-adrenoreceptors for the modulation of the autonomic pathways. Moreover a number of neuropeptides described in the NTS, including Neuropeptide Y (NPY), Galanin (GAL) and Angiotensin II (Ang II), have different roles in regulating the cardiovascular function within this nucleus. We show in this review several data which help to understand how these neuropeptides (NPY, GAL and Ang II) could modulate the cardiovascular responses mediated through alpha(2)-adrenoreceptors in the NTS. Also we show for the first time the interactions between neuropeptides in the brain, specifically the interactions between NPY, GAL, and Ang II, and its functional relevance for central cardiovascular regulation. These data strength the role of neuropeptides on central autonomic control and provide some evidences to understand the neurochemical mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular responses from the NTS.
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Parrado C, Rivera A, de la Calle A, Agnati L, Fuxe K, Narváez JA. Galanin-neuropeptide Y (NPY) interactions in central cardiovascular control: involvement of the NPY Y1receptor subtype. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 24:499-508. [PMID: 16903855 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between neuropeptide Y (NPY), specifically through NPY Y(1) and Y(2) receptor subtypes, and galanin [GAL(1-29)] have been analysed at the cardiovascular level. The cardiovascular effects of intracisternal coinjections of GAL(1-29) with NPY or NPY Y(1) or Y(2) agonists, as well as quantitative receptor autoradiography of the binding characteristics of NPY Y(1) and Y(2) receptor subtypes in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), in the presence or absence of GAL(1-29), have been investigated. The effects of coinjections of GAL(1-29) and the NPY Y(1) agonist on the expression of c-FOS immunoreactivity in the NTS were also studied. The coinjection of NPY with GAL(1-29) induced a significant vasopressor and tachycardic action with a maximum 40% increase (P < 0.001). The coinjection of the NPY Y(1) agonist and GAL(1-29) induced a similar increase in mean arterial pressure and heart rate as did NPY plus GAL(1-29), actions that were not observed with the NPY Y(2) agonist plus GAL(1-29). GAL(1-29), 3 nm, significantly and substantially (by approximately 40%) decreased NPY Y(1) agonist binding in the NTS. This effect was significantly blocked (P < 0.01) in the presence of the specific galanin antagonist M35. The NPY Y(2) agonist binding was not modified in the presence of GAL(1-29). At the c-FOS level, the coinjection of NPY Y(1) and GAL(1-29) significantly reduced the c-FOS-immunoreactive response induced by either of the two peptides. The present findings suggest the existence of a modulatory antagonistic effect of GAL(1-29) mediated via galanin receptors on the NPY Y(1) receptor subtype and its signalling within the NTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de Teatinos s/n. 29080 Málaga, Spain
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Vilanova JC, Woertler K, Narváez JA, Barceló J, Martínez SJ, Villalón M, Miró J. Soft-tissue tumors update: MR imaging features according to the WHO classification. Eur Radiol 2006; 17:125-38. [PMID: 16489439 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-005-0130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2005] [Revised: 11/21/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft-tissue tumors are a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Hence, classification is often difficult. The most effective management decisions are made when a working group participates in the same diagnostic standard criteria in the evaluation of soft-tissue tumors. The purpose of this pictorial review is to highlight the new and the less well-known features on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of soft-tissue tumors according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification established in 2002. The article depicts the major changes of the WHO classification since it was established in 2002 and the most significant findings on MR imaging, thereby providing an update.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan C Vilanova
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, Clínica Girona, Lorenzana, 36, 17002 Girona, Spain.
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Parrado C, Vela C, Razani H, Coveñas R, Fuxe K, Narváez JA. Role of galanin and galanin(1-15) on central cardiovascular control. Neuropeptides 2005; 39:185-90. [PMID: 15944010 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2004.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2004] [Accepted: 12/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Galanin and the N-terminal fragment Galanin(1-15) are involved in central cardiovascular regulation. The present paper reviews the recent cardiovascular results obtained by intracisternal injections of Galanin and Galanin(1-15) showing that: (A) the Galanin antagonist M40 blocks the central cardiovascular responses induced by Galanin(1-15) but not those elicited by Galanin; (B) both Galanin and Galanin(1-15) induce the expression of c-Fos in cardiovascular nuclei of the medulla oblongata with different temporal and spatial profiles; (C) the cardiovascular action of Galanin(1-15), but not Galanin, is mediated by peripheral beta-receptor stimulation; (D) and it is demonstrated an antagonistic Galanin/alpha2-adrenoceptors interaction as well as a differential modulation of central cardiovascular responses of Angiotensin II by Galanin or Galanin(1-15). All these data strengthen the involvement of both Galanin molecules as neuromodulators on central cardiovascular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Díaz-Cabiale
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n. 29080, Malaga, Spain
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Parrado C, Vela C, Coveñas R, Yanaihara N, Fuxe K, González-Barón S, Narváez JA. Intracisternal galanin/angiotensin II interactions in central cardiovascular control. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 127:133-40. [PMID: 15680479 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2004] [Revised: 10/29/2004] [Accepted: 11/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the interactions between angiotensin II (Ang II) and galanin(1-29) [GAL(1-29)] or its N-terminal fragment galanin(1-15) [GAL(1-15)] on central cardiovascular control. The involvement of angiotensin type1 (AT1) receptor subtype was analyzed by the AT1 antagonist, DuP 753. Anesthesized male Sprague-Dawley rats received intracisternal microinjections of Ang II (3 nmol) with GAL(1-29) (3 nmol) or GAL(1-15) (0.1 nmol) alone or in combination. The changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) recorded from the femoral artery were analyzed. The injection of Ang II and GAL(1-15) alone did not produce any change in MAP. However, coinjections of both Ang II and GAL(1-15) elicited a significant vasopressor response. This response was blocked by DuP 753. Ang II and GAL(1-15) alone produced an increase in HR. The coinjections of Ang II with GAL(1-15) induced an increase in HR not significantly different from the tachycardia produced by each peptide. The presence of DuP 753 counteracted this response. GAL(1-29) alone elicited a transient vasopressor response that disappeared in the presence of Ang II. The coinjections of Ang II with GAL(1-29) and with DuP 753 restored the transient vasopressor effect produced by GAL(1-29). GAL(1-29) produced a slight but significant tachycardic effect that was not modified in the presence of Ang II. The presence of DuP 753 did not modify the tachycardic response produced by Ang II and GAL(1-29). These results give indications for the existence of a differential modulatory effect of Ang II with GAL(1-15) and GAL(1-29) on central blood pressure response that might be dependent on the activity of the angiotensin AT1 receptor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29080, Spain
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Narváez J, Narváez JA, Nolla JM, Sirvent E, Reina D, Valverde J. Giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: usefulness of vascular magnetic resonance imaging studies in the diagnosis of aortitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 44:479-83. [PMID: 15716321 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES One of the unresolved challenges posed in giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA) is the detection and monitoring of large-artery complications, particularly aortitis. Recent investigations support vascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in this issue. We report our preliminary experience with this imaging technique in the study of the aorta and its proximal branches in patients with GCA and/or polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). METHODS Between 2000 and 2003, six patients with GCA and/or PMR seen in our department were diagnosed with aortitis using vascular MRI studies. In all cases, the study was performed according to a specifically designed protocol that included MRI and MR angiography (MRA). RESULTS MRI was a hepful non-invasive method for diagnosis of aortitis in all cases, providing accurate information about its extent. In particular, MRI had a higher ability to detect earlier stages of vasculitis disclosing subclinical aortitis in five of the six patients. The main signs of early vascular inflammation observed were vessel wall thickness and oedema (six cases) and increased mural enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted images (four cases). MRA disclosed lumen changes (stenosis) in two patients. On follow-up studies, whereas vascular stenosis and vessel wall thickness remained invariable, vascular wall oedema and contrast enhancement improved significantly when disease activity decreased. CONCLUSION MRI may be a useful technique for diagnosing patients with occult major artery involvement in GCA, whether presenting with classic symptoms of temporal arteritis or PMR. Its utility for monitoring the course of the disease and response to treatment requires further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Narváez
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sánchez L, Coveñas R, Aguirre JA, Narváez JA, Gómez A, Tramu G. Mapping of tachykinins in the cat spinal cord. Arch Ital Biol 2005; 143:29-50. [PMID: 15844667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, the location of cell bodies and fibers containing substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B was studied in the cat spinal cord. The former two neuropeptides showed a widespread distribution throughout the whole spinal cord, whereas the distribution of neurokinin B was more restricted. Neurokinin A-immunoreactive structures showed a more widespread distribution and a higher density than the immunoreactive structures observed to contain substance P. In the cat spinal cord, we observed cell bodies containing neurokinin A, but no cell bodies containing neurokinin B or substance P were found. These cell bodies were located in laminae V (sacral 1 and 2 levels), VI (sacral 1 and 3), VII (lumbar 7, sacral 1 and 3, caudal 1) and X (sacral 1). Laminae I and II showed the highest density of immunoreactive fibers for each of the three tachykinins studied, being in general lamina IV who showed the lowest number of immunoreactive fibers containing substance P, neurokinin A or B. The anatomical distribution of the three tachykinins studied in the cat spinal cord indicates that the neuropeptides could be involved in the neurotransmission and/or in the neuromodulation of nociceptive information, as well as in autonomic and affective responses to pain. Moreover, the involvement of substance P, neurokinin A or B in other functions unrelated to the transmission of pain is also possible (autonomic and motor functions). The distribution of the neuropeptides studied in the cat is compared with the location of the same neuropeptides in the spinal cord of other species. The possible origin of the tachykinergic fibers in the cat spinal cord is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sánchez
- Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic System, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Narváez JA, De Lama E, Portabella F, Ortega R, Condom E. Subperiosteal leiomyosarcoma of the tibia. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34:42-6. [PMID: 15635482 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-004-0838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2004] [Revised: 07/10/2004] [Accepted: 07/13/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone is a rare malignant tumor of smooth muscle. We report a case of low-grade subperiosteal primary bone leiomyosarcoma in the tibial diaphysis, which radiologically appeared to be osteoid osteoma. A 35-year-old man presented with a several-year history of a palpable hard nodule in the distal left leg, which had enlarged and become painful over the previous 2 years. Radiographs showed solid periosteal reaction with a well-defined lytic lesion in the posteromedial cortical border of the left tibial diaphysis. Computed tomography demonstrated a small, well-defined lytic lesion, not calcified, in a subperiosteal location, surrounded by solid periosteal bone formation. The lesion was excised en bloc and the histological diagnosis of a low-grade leiomyosarcoma was made. To the best of our knowledge, the surface location of primary bone leiomyosarcoma has not been previously described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Narváez
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Olausson H, Sohlström A, Agnati LF, Narváez JA, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Fuxe K. Long-term modulation by postnatal oxytocin of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist binding sites in central autonomic regions and the role of prenatal stress. J Neuroendocrinol 2004; 16:183-90. [PMID: 15049848 DOI: 10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate whether oxytocin administered in male rats subcutaneously early in life in the absence or presence of food restriction during pregnancy has life-long effects on the alpha(2)-agonist binding sites in the nucleus of the solitarii tract (NTS), in the hypothalamus and the amygdala, as evaluated by quantitative receptor autoradiography. Maternal food restriction alone increased the affinity of the alpha(2)-agonist [(3)H]UK14.304 binding sites exclusively in the NTS. In offspring from ad libitum fed dams, oxytocin treatment significantly increased the density of alpha(2)-agonist binding sites in the NTS and in the hypothalamus. The K(d) value of the alpha(2)-agonist binding sites in the hypothalamus of these rats, but not in the other regions studied, was also significantly increased. In offspring from food-restricted dams, oxytocin treatment produced a significant increase of the B(max) values in the hypothalamus and the amygdala and the K(d) value of the alpha(2)-agonist binding sites in the NTS of these rats also was selectively and significantly increased. These results suggest that a postnatal, oxytocin-induced increase of regional alpha(2)-adrenoceptor function can be seen in adulthood by a persistent, regionally selective increase in the density of central alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist binding sites, in the absence of an affinity change in the NTS. Such a regional increase of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor signalling in adulthood may contribute to the anti-stress action of postnatal oxytocin. By contrast, after prenatal stress, the potential increase in alpha(2)-adrenoceptor signalling takes place via selective increases of density with no changes of affinity of the alpha(2)-agonist binding sites in the hypothalamus and the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Díaz-Cabiale
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Coveñas R, Martín F, Salinas P, Rivada E, Smith V, Aguilar LA, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Narváez JA, Tramu G. An immunocytochemical mapping of methionine-enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 in the human brainstem. Neuroscience 2004; 128:843-59. [PMID: 15464291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, we studied the distribution of immunoreactive fibers and cell bodies containing methionine-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Gly(7)-Leu(8) in the adult human brainstem. Immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata (in which we observed the highest density of immunoreactive cell bodies) and the pons, the solitary nucleus, the hypoglossal nucleus, the medial and spinal vestibular nuclei, the lateral cuneate nucleus, the nucleus prepositus, the central gray of the pons and mesencephalon, the central and pericentral nuclei of the inferior colliculus, the superior colliculus, ventral to the superior olive and in the midline region of the pons and mesencephalon. The highest density of immunoreactive fibers containing methionine-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Gly(7)-Leu(8) was found in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the central gray and the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata, pons and mesencephalon, the solitary nucleus, the spinal vestibular nucleus, the dorsal accessory olivary nucleus, the raphe obscurus, the substantia nigra and in the interpeduncular nucleus. The widespread distribution of immunoreactive structures containing methionine-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Gly(7)-Leu(8) in the human brainstem indicates that this neuropeptide might be involved in several physiological mechanisms, acting as a neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Coveñas
- Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Unamuno, c/ Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Martín F, Coveñas R, Narváez JA, Tramu G. An immunocytochemical mapping of somatostatin in the cat auditory cortex. Arch Ital Biol 2003; 141:157-70. [PMID: 14502830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, the localization of somatostatin-28 (1-12)-like immunoreactive fibers and cell bodies in the auditory cortex of the cat (anterior, primary, secondary, temporal, ventral, ventroposterior, posterior and dorsoposterior auditory fields) was studied. In general, the distribution of SOM-ir structures is widespread in the auditory cortex of the feline. A high density of immunoreactive fibers as well as a low density of cell bodies containing somatostatin were observed in all the layers of the eight above-mentioned auditory fields. These data indicate that somatostatin-28 (1-12) could act as a neurotransmitter and/or a neuromodulator in the auditory cortex of the cat. The origin of the SOM-ir fibers in the auditory cortex of the cat, as well as the issue of whether the cell bodies containing somatostatin-28 (1-12) are local or projecting neurons is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Martín
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía de los Sistemas Peptidérgicos, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Fuxe K, Coveñas R, González-Barón S, Narváez JA. Angiotensin II modulates the cardiovascular responses to microinjection of NPY Y1 and NPY Y2 receptor agonists into the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat. Brain Res 2003; 983:193-200. [PMID: 12914980 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the modulation of the cardiovascular effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) by angiotensin II (Ang II) and to determine the NPY receptor subtype involved in this modulation. Anesthesized Sprague-Dawley rats received microinjections in the NTS of Ang II (threshold and ED(50) doses) with NPY Y(1) agonist Leu(31)Pro(34)NPY and NPY Y(2) agonist NPY(13-36) (threshold and ED(50) doses). The changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) recorded in the femoral artery were analyzed during 60 min after the microinjections. The injection of threshold doses of Ang II, Y(1) agonist or Y(2) agonist alone did not produce any change in cardiovascular parameters. However, the co-injections into the NTS of threshold doses of both Ang II and the Y(1) agonist elicited significant increases of MAP and HR of about 12 and 10%, respectively. The co-administration of threshold doses of Ang II with the Y(2) agonist also induced a significant vasopressor response. The vasodepressor and bradycardiac effect of an ED(50) dose of the Y(1) agonist was significantly counteracted (P<0.01) by a threshold dose of Ang II. The vasopressor effect elicited by an ED(50) dose of the Y(2) agonist was significantly enhanced by a threshold dose of Ang II (P<0.01). No significant change of cardiovascular responses elicited by an ED(50) dose of Ang II was observed in the presence of threshold doses of the Y(1) agonist or of the Y(2) agonist. The present study gives functional evidences for a differential modulatory activity of Ang II on the cardiovascular responses mediated by Y(1) and Y(2) receptor subtypes, which may be of relevance for central cardiovascular regulation in the NTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29080, Malaga, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Narváez
- Department of CT and MR imaging, I.D.I. Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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Narváez JA, Narváez J, Ortega R, De Lama E, Roca Y, Vidal N. Hypointense synovial lesions on T2-weighted images: differential diagnosis with pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003; 181:761-9. [PMID: 12933477 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.181.3.1810761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A Narváez
- Department of MR Imaging and Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Autovía de Castelldefels, km 2'7, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
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Narváez JA, Narváez J, De Lama E, Sánchez A. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee associated with tibial plateau and femoral condyle insufficiency stress fracture. Eur Radiol 2003; 13:1843-8. [PMID: 12942284 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-002-1775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2002] [Revised: 10/14/2002] [Accepted: 11/04/2002] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe the association between spontaneous osteonecrosis and insufficiency stress fractures of the knee. To determine whether insufficiency stress fracture is associated with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee, we retrospectively reviewed the medical charts and imaging studies of all patients with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee, studied by MR imaging, seen in a tertiary hospital over an 8-year period. Four women (age range 66-84 years) presented spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee associated with insufficiency stress fracture of the medial tibial plateau. One of these patients also presented a concomitant insufficiency stress fracture of the medial femoral condyle. Radiographs were diagnostic of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle in three cases, and insufficiency stress fracture of the medial tibial plateau was detected in one case. Magnetic resonance imaging allows the diagnosis of both conditions in all four cases. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee may be associated with insufficiency stress fracture of the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau. This association provides additional arguments in favor of the traumatic etiology of spontaneous osteonecrosis of knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Narváez
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, IDI Hospital Duran i Reynals, Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Gran Via s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
The ankle is one of the most frequently injured joints in the course of sports activities. MR imaging has become the modality of choice in the evaluation of most of these lesions, especially in competitive athletes. The purpose of this article is: (1) To illustrate the MR imaging features of a great number of sports-related injuries of the ankle, correlating it with lesional mechanisms and clinical findings, and (2) To review the role of MR imaging in clinical management and surgical planning of these injuries, especially in competitive athletes. In order to a better understanding of these lesions, a classification based on the anatomic origin are outlined. The spectrum of injuries has been classified in: (1) osseous lesions, (2) ligamentous injuries, (3) tendinous lesions, (4) impingement impingement, and (5) plantar fascial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Narváez
- Department of CT and MR imaging, I.D.I Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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Rivera A, Alberti I, Martín AB, Narváez JA, de la Calle A, Moratalla R. Molecular phenotype of rat striatal neurons expressing the dopamine D5 receptor subtype. Eur J Neurosci 2002; 16:2049-58. [PMID: 12473072 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine is one of the principal neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia, where it plays a critical role in motor control and cognitive function through its interactions with the specific dopamine receptors D1 to D5. Although the activities mediated by most dopamine receptor subtypes have already been determined, the role of the D5 receptor subtype in the basal ganglia has still not been established. Furthermore, it is often difficult to distinguish between dopamine D5 and D1 receptors as they are stimulated by the same ligands, and they have a similar molecular structure and pharmacology. In an effort to understand the differences between these two receptor subtypes, we have studied the distribution of neurons containing D5 receptors in the striatum, and their molecular phenotype. As a result, we show that the D5 receptor subtype is present in two different populations of striatal neurons, projection neurons and interneurons. Overall, the abundance of this receptor subtype in the striatum is low, particularly in striatal projection neurons of both the direct and indirect projection pathways. In contrast, the expression of D5 receptors in striatal interneurons (cholinergic, somatostatin- or parvalbumin-positive neurons) is high, while low to moderate expression was observed in calretinin-positive neurons. Our results demonstrate the presence of D5 receptors in all the striatal cell populations so far described, although at different intensities in each. The fact that a large number of striatal neurons express the D5 receptor subtype suggests that this receptor fulfils an important function in the process of integrating information in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Rivera
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Cordón MP, Coveñas R, Rivera A, Yanaihara N, Fuxe K, González-Barón S, Narváez JA. Propranolol blocks the tachycardia induced by galanin (1-15) but not by galanin (1-29). Regul Pept 2002; 107:29-36. [PMID: 12137963 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-0115(02)00060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The efferent pathways involved in the tachycardia induced by intracisternal injections of the N-terminal galanin fragment (1-15) (GAL (1-15)) and galanin (GAL (1-29)) has been evaluated in rats pretreated with the cholinergic antagonist atropine or the beta-antagonist propranolol. The pretreatment with propranolol significantly blocked the tachycardic and vasopressor effect produced by intracisternal injection of GAL (1-15) (p<0.05), but the pretreatment with atropine did not modify these cardiovascular effects. However, the cardiovascular response elicited by GAL (1-29) is modified by the pretreatment with atropine (p<0.05) but not by propranolol. These findings demonstrate that the central cardiovascular action of GAL (1-15), but not GAL (1-29), is mediated by beta-receptor stimulation and this suggests the existence of a different pathway involved in the cardiovascular response produced by the N-terminal galanin fragment as compared with the parent molecule GAL (1-29).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29080, Málaga, Spain
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Narváez JA, Narváez J, Roca Y, Aguilera C. MR imaging assessment of clinical problems in rheumatoid arthritis. Eur Radiol 2002; 12:1819-28. [PMID: 12111074 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-001-1207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2001] [Revised: 09/20/2001] [Accepted: 10/04/2001] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although MR imaging has been increasingly recognized as a useful tool in the diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in the assessment of disease activity, these applications have not yet been usually included in the routine management of this condition. Our goal is to review the current role of MRI in the everyday clinical management of patients with RA. The usefulness of MRI in the evaluation of articular and para-articular changes in specific locations, mainly the craniocervical region and the temporomandibular joint, are reviewed. Clinical problems derived from local extra-articular involvement, such as tenosynovitis, "rice-bodies" bursitis, and Baker's cyst rupture, are also described. Finally, we also review the value of MRI in evaluation of some complications of RA such as tendinous rupture, osteonecrosis, stress fracture, and septic arthritis/osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Narváez
- Department of CT and MR Imaging, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Autovía de Castelldefels, km 2'7, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Samsam M, Coveñas R, Yajeya J, Ahangari R, Narváez JA, Montes-Gonzalo MC, González-Barón S. [Implication of the neuropeptides methionine enkephalin, neurotensin and somatostatin of the caudal trigeminal nucleus in the experimental migraine]. Rev Neurol 2002; 34:724-9. [PMID: 12080490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary peptidergic sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion that innervate the cerebral dura have been involved in the pathogenesis of headache, including the migraine. In addition, it is known that nociceptive central processes of the trigeminal neurons terminate in the caudal trigeminal nucleus. Moreover, the electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion has been used as an experimental model in order to study the vascular headache, including the migraine. AIM To study whether there is or not a decrease of the immunoreactivity for methionine enkephalin, somatostatin and neurotensin in the caudal trigeminal nucleus after electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion. MATERIAL AND METHODS The trigeminal ganglia of Wistar albino rats of both sexes were electrically stimulated (frequency, 5 Hz; duration, 5 ms; intensity, 0,8 1.4 mA) and unilaterally for five minutes. Sections of the medulla oblongata containing the caudal trigeminal nucleus were obtained and processed for immunocytochemistry, in which specific antibodies were used against methionine enkephalin, neurotensin and somatostatin 28. RESULTS In stimulated animals, we observed a decrease in the immunoreactivity for the three neuropeptides studied in the stimulated (ipsilateral) side, in comparison with the not stimulated side (contralateral). In control animals (not stimulated) the degree of the immunoreactivity was the same on both sides. CONCLUSIONS 1. The decrease of the immunoreactivity in the ipsilateral side (stimulated) suggests that methionine enkephalin, neurotensin and somatostatin 28 are released in the caudal trigeminal nucleus after electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion; 2. Methionine enkephalin and somatostatin 28 could act in the caudal trigeminal nucleus as inhibitors (with antinociceptive action) of another released exciters neuropeptides (with nociceptive action); and 3. These data will allow in the future to try new therapeutic strategies (e.g., the inhibition of the receptors implicated.), in order to alleviate certain headaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samsam
- Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía de los Sistemas Peptidérgicos, Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Facultad de Medicina, Salamanca, España
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Fulladosa X, Moreso F, Narváez JA, Hueso M, Caldés A, Gil-Vernet S, Castelao AM, Alsina J, Grinyó JM, Serón D. Total glomerular number in stable renal allografts. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:343-4. [PMID: 11959316 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X Fulladosa
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain
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Narváez JA, Narváez J, Aguilera C, De Lama E, Portabella F. MR imaging of synovial tumors and tumor-like lesions. Eur Radiol 2002; 11:2549-60. [PMID: 11734958 DOI: 10.1007/s003300000759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2000] [Revised: 10/03/2000] [Accepted: 10/05/2000] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of synovial tumors and tumorlike lesions is difficult, and radiographic findings may establish a confident diagnosis only in some cases. MR imaging has become the modality of choice in evaluating these lesions, because with it a presumptive diagnosis can be made in most cases. Our goal is to review the MR features of pigmented villonodular synovitis, giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath, synovial chondromatosis, synovial hemangioma, lipoma arborescens, synovial cysts and synovial sarcoma, emphasizing those findings that suggest a specific diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Narváez
- Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Autovia de Castelldefels, km 2'7, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Narváez J, Nolla-Solé JM, Narváez JA, Clavaguera MT, Valverde-García J, Roig-Escofet D. Musculoskeletal manifestations in polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2001; 60:1060-3. [PMID: 11602480 PMCID: PMC1753427 DOI: 10.1136/ard.60.11.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of musculoskeletal manifestations in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and temporal arteritis (TA). METHODS The records of 163 cases of PMR or TA diagnosed over a 15 year period in one area of Spain were reviewed for the presence and type of musculoskeletal manifestations. RESULTS Of 163 patients, 90 had isolated PMR and 73 had TA. Eighteen of the 90 patients (20%) with isolated PMR developed distal peripheral arthritis either at diagnosis or during the course of the disease. When it occurred, synovitis was mild, monoarticular or pauci-articular, asymmetrical, transient, and not destructive. Other distal manifestations observed in these patients were carpal tunnel syndrome and distal extremity swelling with pitting oedema. In all cases these manifestations occurred in conjunction with active PMR. As expected, PMR was the most frequent musculoskeletal manifestation in patients with TA, occurring in 56% of cases. On the contrary, only 11% of patients with TA developed peripheral arthritis. An important finding was that peripheral arthritis in these patients appears to be linked only temporally to the presence of simultaneous PMR and is not observed in its absence. Distal extremity swelling or defined polyarthritis were not observed. CONCLUSION The spectrum of distal musculoskeletal manifestations of PMR in our series is similar to that reported in other populations. By contrast, distal musculoskeletal symptoms are uncommon in TA. The almost complete absence of distal musculoskeletal manifestations in patients with pure TA suggests different mechanisms of disease in PMR and TA, supporting the view of two separate conditions or one common disease in which host susceptibility influences the clinical expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Narváez
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Príncipes de España, Ciudad Sanitaria y Universitaria de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
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Marcos P, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Cordón MP, Coveñas R, Yanaihara N, Fuxe K, González-Barón S, Narváez JA. Central galanin and N-terminal galanin fragment induce c-Fos immunoreactivity in the medulla oblongata of the anesthetized rat. Peptides 2001; 22:1501-9. [PMID: 11514035 DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9781(01)00472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This immunohistochemical study analyzed the c-Fos expression (c-Fos-ir) induced by galanin injections. Galanin and N-terminal galanin fragment (1-15) induced a significant increase of c-Fos expression (c-ir) within the medulla oblongata 90 min and 6 h. after intracisternal injections. This expression has been studied mainly in the nucleus of the solitary tract and in the ventrolateral medulla showing different temporal profiles for both peptides. The presence of c-Fos-ir in TH-positive cells was analyzed in all the groups. These results may be relevant to understand the role of galanin in several functions including central cardiovascular control.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Marcos
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29080, Málaga, Spain
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Coveñas R, Marcos P, Belda M, de León M, Narváez JA, Aguirre JA, González-Barón S. [Neuropeptides in the raphe nuclei: an immunocytochemical study]. Rev Neurol 2001; 33:131-7. [PMID: 11562872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The raphe nuclei are involved in numerous mechanisms, included the antinociceptives. In the raphe nuclei of the cat, the distribution of neuropeptides is not very studied. Aim. To know the distribution of peptidergic fibers and cell bodies in the raphe nuclei of the cat. We studied a total of fifteen neuropeptides. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used four control cats (without colchicine) and six with colchicine (administered into the Sylvian aqueduct). We used an indirect immunocytochemical technique. The histologic controls carried out confirm the specificity of the primary and secondary antibodies used. RESULTS We observed in the fibers and/or the cell bodies located in the dorsal raphe nucleus a total of 14 neuropeptides, 12 in the raphe pallidus, 11 in the medial raphe, 10 in the raphe magnus, 8 in the raphe pontis and 7 in the raphe obscurus. We observed immunoreactive cell bodies in the raphe pallidus (with neurokinin A/leucine enkephalin), in the medial raphe (beta endorphin/alpha neo endorphin), in the raphe magnus (leucine enkephalin) and in the dorsal raphe (beta endorphin/alpha neo endorphin/methionine enkephalin Arg6 Gly7 Leu8/leucine enkephalin/neurokinin A/neurotensin). CONCLUSIONS 1. There are differences on the distribution of the peptidergic fibers/cell bodies observed in the raphe nuclei of the rat, the cat and the man; 2. The raphe nuclei could receive peptidergic afferences containing dynorphin A, galanin, neuropeptide Y, somatostatin ; 3. The cell bodies located in the medial raphe and containing beta endorphin or alpha neo endorphin could be projecting neurons; 4. There is a great functional complexity in the raphe nuclei due to the great number of neuropeptides observed in them; 5. The neuropeptides could interact between them, and 6. The neuropeptides located in the raphe nuclei could be involved in the control of the nociceptive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Coveñas
- Lab. Neuroanatomía de los Sistemas; Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León. Facultad de Medicina, Salamanca, 37007, España.
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Samsam M, Coveñas R, Csillik B, Ahangari R, Yajeya J, Riquelme R, Narváez JA, Tramu G. Depletion of substance P, neurokinin A and calcitonin gene-related peptide from the contralateral and ipsilateral caudal trigeminal nucleus following unilateral electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion; a possible neurophysiological and neuroanatomical link to generalized head pain. J Chem Neuroanat 2001; 21:161-9. [PMID: 11312057 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-0618(01)00088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary trigeminal neurons of the trigeminal ganglion (TG) innervate major parts of the face and head, including the dura. Electrical stimulation of the TG at specific parameters, can activate its nociceptive neurons and may serve as an experimental pain model. Markowitz [J. Neurosci. 7 (1987) 4129] reported that electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion (TG) causes extravasation of plasma proteins from venules of the trigeminally innervated domain possibly due to the release of vasoactive substances. Neurogenic inflammation (vasodilatation, plasma protein extravasation, release of vasoactive peptides) in dura may serve as one of the possible pathomechanisms underlying vascular head pain [Moskowitz, Ann. Neurol. 16 (1984) 157]. We performed a unilateral electrical stimulation (7.5 Hz, 5 ms, 0.8-1.4 mA for 5 min) of the TG in rat, to induce a neurogenic inflammation in the peripheral trigeminal domain including the dura, looking for calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA) immunoreactivity (IR) in the caudal trigeminal nucleus (CTN) into which massive central trigeminal processes terminate. Here, we show patchy depletion(s) of CGRP-, SP- and NKA-IRs in the contralateral CTN of the rat in addition to their ipsilateral depletion. Such depletion is due to the release of these neuropeptides in the CTN leading to the activation of bilateral trigeminal nociceptive pathway. These data afford the possibility that under specific frequencies (which may roughly correlate to the intensity of the painful stimulus) and/or specific intensities (may correlate to specific areas of the peripheral trigeminal domain) of stimulation, activation of one side of the TG may activate bilateral trigeminal nociceptive pathway leading to the perception of an ill localized/generalized pain or headache rather than a unilateral one.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samsam
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía de los Sistemas Peptidérgicos, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Unamuno, C/ Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether galanin could affect central alpha2-adrenoceptors in telencephalic and diencephalic regions in the rat using quantitative receptor autoradiography with the alpha2 agonist radioligand [3H]p-aminoclonidine. Galanin 1 nM significantly and substantially increased the Kd value of the [3H]p-aminoclonidine binding sites in the medial hypothalamus and amygdala by 86% (p < 0.01) and 73% (p < 0.05) respectively. The Bmax value was only significantly increased with 3 nM galanin in the amygdala and the medial hypothalamus (both p < 0.05). The antagonist M35 counteracted the increase of the Kd values of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist binding sites produced by galanin 1 nM in the amygdala and the medial hypothalamus (both p < 0.001). These findings suggest the existence of an antagonistic galanin/alpha2 adrenoceptor interaction in the medial hypothalamus and amygdala that may be of relevance for alpha2-adrenoceptor-regulated neuroendocrine functions and food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Díaz-Cabiale
- Department of Neuroscience (BZ-lab), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Petersson M, Narváez JA, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Fuxe K. Systemic oxytocin treatment modulates alpha 2-adrenoceptors in telencephalic and diencephalic regions of the rat. Brain Res 2000; 887:421-5. [PMID: 11134634 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Systemic subchronic oxytocin treatment significantly and substantially increased the B(max) values of the alpha 2 agonist [(3)H]UK14.304 binding sites in the hypothalamus, the amygdala and the paraventricular thalamic nucleus of the rat as shown by quantitative receptor autoradiography. These results suggest that long-term modulation of autonomic and neuroendocrine functions and emotional behaviours elicited by brain oxytocin may involve enhancement of central alpha 2-adrenoceptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Díaz-Cabiale
- Department of Neuroscience (BZ-lab), Karolinska Institute, S 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Díaz-Cabiale Z, Narváez JA, Garrido R, Petersson M, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Fuxe K. Antagonistic oxytocin/alpha2-adrenoreceptor interactions in the nucleus tractus solitarii: relevance for central cardiovascular control. J Neuroendocrinol 2000; 12:1167-73. [PMID: 11106973 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00571.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of the central cardiovascular effects of alpha2-adrenoceptor activation by oxytocin in the nucleus tractus solitarii has been evaluated by cardiovascular analysis and by quantitative receptor autoradiography. Microinjections in the nucleus tractus solitarii of a threshold dose of oxytocin effectively and significantly counteracted the vasodepressor and bradycardic actions of an ED50 dose of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine. The coinjection of a threshold dose of oxytocin with a threshold dose of clonidine did not produce any changes in the mean arterial pressure but a tachycardic response was observed. Receptor autoradiographical experiments showed that oxytocin (3 nM) significantly increased the Kd and Bmax values of [3H]p-aminoclonidine binding sites in the nucleus tractus solitarii compatible with a possible antagonistic interaction with the alpha2-adrenoceptors, and this effect was blocked by the presence of the specific oxytocin receptor antagonist 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr-(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin. These findings suggest the existence of an antagonistic oxytocin/alpha2-adrenoceptor interaction in nucleus tractus solitarii that may be of relevance for the demonstrated modulation of alpha2-adrenoceptor induced cardiovascular responses by oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Díaz-Cabiale
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and imaging features of patients with osteonecrosis of the knee, emphasizing the differences among idiopathic and secondary types. METHODS A retrospective chart review of 37 consecutive patients (41 knees) with osteonecrosis of the knee confirmed by bone scintigraphy and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a comparison of idiopathic and secondary types of osteonecrosis. RESULTS Twenty-four patients had idiopathic osteonecrosis, and in 13 patients one or more predisposing factors were identified (secondary osteonecrosis). Idiopathic osteonecrosis of the knee was typically a disease of the elderly, characterized by severe knee pain of sudden onset, unilateral involvement, and restriction of the lesions generally to one femoral condyle or tibial plateau, with predilection for the medial compartment of the joint. Secondary osteonecrosis generally occurred in younger patients and frequently had an insidious onset with mild or vague pain, the lateral compartment of the knee was often involved, and the lesions were generally larger than lesions arising spontaneously; in the great majority of cases they involved the femoral condyles and/or tibial plateaus. Bilateral distribution and multifocal involvement was also seen in these forms. Magnetic resonance imaging was helpful in confirming the suspected diagnosis when conventional radiographs were normal or equivocal, and demonstrated different patterns of abnormalities in idiopathic and secondary types. CONCLUSION There are significant differences between idiopathic and secondary osteonecrosis, especially in regard to clinical presentation and the location, extent and MRI appearance of the lesions. These differences are probably due to a difference in the pathogenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Narváez
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Príncipes de España, Ciudad Sanitaria y Universitaria de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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Domingo-Domènech E, Boqué C, Narváez JA, Romagosa V, Domingo-Clarós A, Grañena A. Acute monocytic leukemia in the adult presenting with associated extramedullary gastric infiltration and ascites. Haematologica 2000; 85:875-7. [PMID: 10942941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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