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[Clinical presentation and prognosis in children over 10-year-old with primary nephrotic syndrome]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:708-713. [PMID: 37528011 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230104-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To summary the clinical presentation and prognosis of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in teenagers. Methods: The clinical data, renal pathological types and prognosis of 118 children over 10-year-old with PNS treated in the Department of Nephrology of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, with 408 children ≤10-year-old as control group synchronously. Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of clinical types, pathologic types, response to steroids and tubulointerstitial changes between the groups. The teenagers with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) were divided into initial non-responder group and late non-responder group. Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the difference of persistent proteinuria, and Fisher's exact test for the histological types. Results: There were 118 children >10-year-old, including 74 males and 44 females, with the onset age of 12.1 (10.8, 13.4) years; and 408 children ≤10-year-old with the onset age of 4.5 (3.2, 6.8) years. The proportion of SRNS was significantly higher in patients >10-year-old than those ≤10-year-old (24.6% (29/118) vs. 15.9% (65/408), χ2=4.66, P=0.031). There was no statistical difference in the pathological types between >10-year-old and ≤10-year-old (P>0.05), with minimal change disease the most common type (56.0% (14/25) vs. 60.5% (26/43)). The percentage of cases with renal tubulointerstitial lesions was significantly higher in children >10-year-old compared to those ≤10-year-old (60.0% (15/25) vs. 23.3% (10/43), χ2=9.18, P=0.002). There were 29 cases presented with SRNS in PNS over 10-year-old, including 19 initial non-responders and 10 late non-responders. Analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve, it was shown that the percentage of persistent proteinuria after 6 months of immunosuppressive treatments was significantly higher in initial non-responders than those of the late non-responders ((22±10)% vs. 0, χ2=14.68, P<0.001); the percentage of minimal change disease was significantly higher in patients of late non-responders than those of the initial non-responders (5/6 vs. 3/13, P=0.041). Of the 63 >10-year-old with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome followed up more than one year, 38 cases (60.3%) had relapse, and 14 cases (22.2%) were frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome. Among the 45 patients followed up over 18-year-old, 22 cases (48.9%) had recurrent proteinuria continued to adulthood, 3 cases of SRNS progressed to kidney insufficiency, and one of them developed into end stage kidney disease and was administrated with hemodialysis. Conclusions: Cases over 10-year-old with PNS tend to present with SRNS and renal tubulointerstitial lesions. They have a favorable prognosis, but are liable to relapse in adulthood.
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[Clinicopathological and gene mutation characteristics of uterine carcinosarcoma]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2023; 103:1864-1867. [PMID: 37357193 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230116-00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
To explore the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS), and to explore the gene mutation characteristics and tumor mutation burden (TMB) of UCS. The clinical imaging, pathomorphological data and immunohistochemical expression of 4 cases of UCS, which were archived in the Department of Pathology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2021 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All exon groups of 4 cases of UCS were sequenced. All the 4 patients were female, aged 47-81 years. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 4.0-13.0 cm, and the boundary was unclear. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of malignant epithelium and sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry showed that the epithelial components of 4 patients expressed broad-spectrum cytokeratin (AE1/E3), the sarcoma components expressed Vimentin, PAX8, ER, PR were expressed to varying degrees, and Ki-67 positive index was high (60%-90%). There were 3 p53 missense mutations, 1 nonsense mutation, 4 MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6 were positive and PD-L1 was negative. The sequencing results of the whole exon group of 4 UCS patients showed that TP53, BCL9L, BRD4, CLTCLI, PSMD1I, PLEC genes showed a high mutation ratio, which was 3/4, 2/4, 2/4, 2/4, 2/4, 2/4, respectively. TMB analysis showed that the TMB of 4 cases of UCS was<5 mut/Mb. UCS is a rare and highly malignant endometrial tumor. The sequencing results of the whole exon group suggested that TP53, BCL9L, BRD4 and other genes had high mutation rates, suggesting that the occurrence and development of UCS may be closely related to Wnt signaling pathway. Molecular typing indicated that 3 cases of UCS were of high copy number type/p53 mutation type, and 1 case had POLD1 mutation. Microsatellite stability, low PD-L1 expression and TMB results suggested that UCS patients have no obvious advantage in immunotherapy.
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[A case of surgical resection for gallbladder carcinoma with multiple liver metastases after downgrading transformation with the combination of immunotherapy and radiation therapy]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:452-454. [PMID: 37188632 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220109-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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Effect of Multicomponent Intervention on Functional Decline in Chinese Older Adults: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:1063-1075. [PMID: 37997729 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To confirm whether multicomponent exercise following vivifrail recommendations was an effective method for improving physical ability, cognitive function, gait, balance, and muscle strength in Chinese older adults. METHODS This was a multicenter and randomized clinical trial conducted in Jiangsu, China, from April 2021 to April 2022. Intervention lasted for 12 weeks and 104 older adults with functional declines were enrolled. All participants were randomly assigned to a control (usual care plus health education) or exercise group (usual care plus health education plus exercise). Primary outcomes were the change score of Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and activities of daily living (ADL). The secondary outcomes included instrumental activities of daily living, Tinetti scores, Frailty score, short-form Mini Nutritional Assessment, Mini-Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, the 12-item Short Form Survey, 4-meter gait speed test, 6-min walking distance, grip strength, and body composition analysis. RESULTS Among the participants, the average age was 85 (82, 88) years. After 12 weeks of follow-up, the exercise group showed a significant improvement in SPPB, with a change of 2 points (95% confidence interval [0, 3.5], P<0.001) compared to control. In contrast, SPPB remained stable in the control group. Compared to the control group, ADL improved in the exercise group, as did instrumental activities of daily living, Tinetti, Frailty, Short Form Survey, 4-meter gait speed test, and 6-min walking distance. Although there was no significant difference between groups in body composition analysis after post-intervention, the exercise group still improved in soft lean mass (P=0.002), fat-free mass (P=0.002), skeletal muscle mass index (P<0.001), fat-free mass index (P=0.004), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (P<0.001), and leg muscle mass (P<0.001), while the control group had no significant increase. No difference was observed in adverse events during trial period. CONCLUSIONS The multicomponent exercise intervention following vivifrail recommendations is an effective method for older adults with functional decline and can reverse the functional decline and improve gait, balance, and muscle strength. Additionally, the 12-week multicomponent exercise method provides guidance for Chinese medical professionals working in the field of geriatrics and is a promising method to improve physical function in the general population.
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[Observation of a case of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome treated with eculizumab]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2022; 60:940-942. [PMID: 36038306 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220219-00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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EP08.02-163 Real-World Case Series on Efficacy and Safety of Amivantamab for EGFR-mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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[Application and Inspiration of Information System used in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of America]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:1127-1133. [PMID: 35856210 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211109-00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of America has been running for more than 60 years and has achieved many significant achievements with international influence. The application of modern information technologies in NHANES provides a supplementary tool for the project's high quality and refined implementation. This paper introduces the information system of NHANES from seven aspects: project management, survey participant interview, physical examination, laboratory examination, field follow-up, data sharing, and social services. The construction and application prospects of the China National Health Survey Information System, suitable for China's native conditions, are also discussed in this article.
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Corrigendum to Simulation-based Training for Interventional Radiology and Opportunities for Improving the Educational Paradigm. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2021; 24:100764. [PMID: 34895705 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvir.2021.100764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Evaluation of the probiotic and functional potential of Lactobacillus agilis 32 isolated from pig manure. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:9-19. [PMID: 33098675 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a symbiotic bacterium in humans and animals and an important pathogen of humans and animals. Prevention and suppression of E. coli infection is of great concern. In this study, we isolated a strain of Lactobacillus agilis 32 from pig manure and evaluated its biological characteristics, and found that its bacterial survival rate was 25% after 4 h of treatment at pH 2, and under the condition of 0·5% bile concentration, its survival rate exceeds 30%. In addition, L. agilis 32 has a cell surface hydrophobicity of 77·8%, and exhibits 67·1% auto-aggregation and 63·2% aggregation with Enterotoxigenic E. coli 10 (ETEC 10). FITC fluorescence labelling showed that the fluorescence intensity of cecum was significantly higher than that of duodenum, jejunum or colon (P < 0·05), but no significant difference from ileum. Lactobacillus agilis 32 bacterial culture and CFS showed average inhibition zone diameters of 14·2 and 15·4 mm respectively. Lactobacillus agilis 32 CFS treatment can significantly reduce the pathogenicity of ETEC 10. These results show that L. agilis 32 is an active and potential probiotic, and it has a good antibacterial effect on ETEC10, which provides basic research for probiotics to prevent and treat intestinal diarrhoea pathogen infection.
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[Three cases of severe cardiac involvement caused by hypereosinophilic syndrome in children]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2021; 59:131-133. [PMID: 33548960 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200729-00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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HDCO radical dissociation thresholds by velocity map imaging. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1813344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Clustering of nasopharyngeal carcinoma intensity modulated radiation therapy plans based on k-means algorithm and geometrical features. INT J RADIAT RES 2021. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrr.19.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Nailfold capillary abnormalities: a possible cause for nail psoriasis? Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:178-180. [PMID: 32767750 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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DERIVATION OF A MODEL THAT ACCURATELY PREDICTS CARDIOVASCULAR FROM NON-CARDIOVASCULAR CAUSE OF DEATH USING ADMINISTRATIVE HEALTH DATA SOURCES. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Disruption of glucocorticoid signalling in osteoblasts attenuates age-related surgically induced osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1518-1525. [PMID: 31176016 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aging is a major risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). Skeletal expression and activity of the glucocorticoid-activating enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 1 increases progressively with age in humans and rodents. Here we investigated the role of endogenous osteocytic and osteoblastic glucocorticoid (GC) signalling in the development of osteoarthritic bone and cartilage damage in mice. METHODS We utilized transgenic (tg) mice in which glucocorticoid signalling is disrupted in osteoblasts and osteocytes via overexpression of the glucocorticoid-inactivating enzyme, 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 2. Osteoarthritis was induced in 10- and 22-week-old male transgenic mice (tg-OA, n = 6/group) and their wildtype littermates (WT-OA, n = 7-8/group) by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Sham-operated mice served as controls (WT- & tg-Sham, n = 3-5 and 6-8/group at 10- and 22-weeks of age, respectively). RESULTS Sixteen weeks after DMM surgery, mice developed features of cartilage degradation, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation. These changes did not differ between WT and tg mice when OA was induced at 10-weeks of age. However, when OA was induced at 22-weeks of age, cartilage erosion was significantly attenuated in tg-OA mice compared to WT-OA littermates. Similarly, subchondral bone volume (-5.2%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) -9.1 to -1.2%, P = 0.014) and osteophyte size (-4.0 mm2, 95% CI -7.5 to -0.5 mm2, P = 0.029) were significantly reduced in tg-OA compared to WT-OA mice. CONCLUSION Glucocorticoid signalling in cells of the osteoblast lineage promotes the development of surgically-induced osteoarthritis in older, but not younger, male mice. These data implicate osteoblasts and osteocytes in the progression of DMM-OA, via a glucocorticoid-dependent and age-related pathway.
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Effect of feeding grape seed Proanthocyanidin extract on production performance, metabolic and anti-oxidative status of dairy cattle. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-10957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aims to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on production performance, metabolism, and anti-oxidative status of Holstein dairy cattle in early lactation. Forty-eight multiparous Holstein dairy cattle were assigned to four groups (CON, G20, G40 and G80) and supplied with 0, 20, 40, and 80mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day. G20 significantly increased milk yield compared with other groups. Milk protein and non-fat-solids were increased in G20, G40 and G80 groups compared with the control group only at the 7th day during the experiment. No significant difference was observed in milk fat and somatic cell count, nor on parameters of energy metabolism in blood, liver function and kidney function between the four groups. There was no significant difference in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and hydrogen peroxide between the groups; but the malondialdehyde content of G20 significantly increased at day 14 in comparison with CON, and tended to increase at the 28th day. In conclusion, feeding 20mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day was associated with a significant increase in milk yield without detrimental effects on liver or kidney function and with substantial energy metabolism and antioxidant parameters improvement in early lactation dairy cattle.
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Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV.CH505-Infected Infant and Adult Rhesus Macaques Exhibit Similar Env-Specific Antibody Kinetics, despite Distinct T-Follicular Helper and Germinal Center B Cell Landscapes. J Virol 2019; 93:e00168-19. [PMID: 31092583 PMCID: PMC6639294 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00168-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Global elimination of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections will require the development of novel immune-based approaches, and understanding infant immunity to HIV is critical to guide the rational design of these intervention strategies. Despite their immunological immaturity, chronically HIV-infected children develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) more frequently and earlier than adults do. However, the ontogeny of humoral responses during acute HIV infection is poorly defined in infants and challenging to study in human cohorts due to the presence of maternal antibodies. To further our understanding of age-related differences in the development of HIV-specific immunity during acute infection, we evaluated the generation of virus-specific humoral immune responses in infant (n = 6) and adult (n = 12) rhesus macaques (RMs) infected with a transmitted/founder (T/F) simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) (SHIV.C.CH505 [CH505]). The plasma HIV envelope-specific IgG antibody kinetics were similar in SHIV-infected infant and adult RMs, with no significant differences in the magnitude or breadth of these responses. Interestingly, autologous tier 2 virus neutralization responses also developed with similar frequencies and kinetics in infant and adult RMs, despite infants exhibiting significantly higher follicular T helper cell (Tfh) and germinal center B cell frequencies than adults. Finally, we show that plasma viral load was the strongest predictor of the development of autologous virus neutralization in both age groups. Our results indicate that the humoral immune response to SHIV infection develops with similar kinetics among infant and adult RMs, suggesting that the early-life immune system is equipped to respond to HIV-1 and promote the production of neutralizing HIV antibodies.IMPORTANCE There is a lack of understanding of how the maturation of the infant immune system influences immunity to HIV infection or how these responses differ from those of adults. Improving our knowledge of infant HIV immunity will help guide antiviral intervention strategies that take advantage of the unique infant immune environment to successfully elicit protective immune responses. We utilized a rhesus macaque model of SHIV infection as a tool to distinguish the differences in HIV humoral immunity in infants versus adults. Here, we demonstrate that the kinetics and quality of the infant humoral immune response to HIV are highly comparable to those of adults during the early phase of infection, despite distinct differences in their Tfh responses, indicating that slightly different mechanisms may drive infant and adult humoral immunity.
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Establishment of an aqueous method for extracting soybean oils assisted by adding free oil. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2019. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0711182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Concern for the environment, safety and costs has promoted the development of the method for extracting soybean oil by an aqueous process. An advanced aqueous extraction of soybean oil assisted by adding free oil was established in this study, which recovered 81% of the oil from soybeans with 20.73% crude oil content and produced a de-oiled residue with 4.7% residual oil. The acid or peroxide value of the recovered oil met the Chinese national standard for first class refined oil, which was lower than that produced by solvent extraction or high temperature pressing. No wastewater was produced during the aqueous extraction of oil. The removal of the oil by the addition of oil and a small amount of water generated a residue (solids) containing all the protein, which represents 2/3 of the revenue in the soybean process. The protein-rich residue can be further processed to produce a protein isolate with high purity (e.g. > 90%) by using a higher amount of water. It can also be used as a nutritious ingredient or raw material for the production of many food products, among other applications.
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[Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with primary refractory nephrotic syndrome]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019; 56:651-656. [PMID: 30180402 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in treating children with primary refractory nephrotic syndrome. Methods: Conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in 62 pediatric patients (including 44 boys and 18 girls), age ranged from 2.1 to 17.0 years; 32 cases presented with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) and 30 cases presented with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), who were admitted to department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from October 2013 to October 2015. The patients received either mycophenolate mofetil (20-30)mg/(kg·d) or cyclosporine A (3-5)mg/(kg·d) randomly, on the basis of prednisone treatment. Follow-up interview was conducted regularly for at least one year. Efficacy rate, relapse rate, time required for induction of remission, relapse-free period and prednisone dosage were compared between the two groups. Results: (1) Renal histologic examination, which was available for 17 patients, revealed minimal change disease in 8 patients, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) in five, membranous nephropathy in two, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in two. (2) Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with FRNS: There were 14 patients with FRNS in mycophenolate mofetil group and 18 patients with FRNS in cyclosporine A group respectively. The relapse rate (episodes/year) in cyclosporine A group was lower than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (1.0 (0.0, 1.0) vs. 1.0 (1.0, 3.0), Z=-2.405, P=0.016). The relapse-free period (months) in cyclosporine A group was longer than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (10.0 (5.7, 12.1) vs. 5.0 (1.0, 11.0), Z=-1.984, P=0.047). No significant difference in dosage of prednisone was found between cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil groups when followed up for 1 year. (3) Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with SRNS: The efficacy rate was 6/14 in mycophenolate mofetil group and 13/16 in cyclosporine A group. The complete remission rate was 4/14 in mycophenolate mofetil group and 12/16 in cyclosporine A group (P<0.05). The time (months) required for induction of remission in cyclosporine A group was significantly shorter than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (1.0 (1.0, 2.0) vs. 3.0 (2.5, 4.0), Z=-2.529, P=0.011). No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to relapse-free period and relapse rate. (4) Except that one patient developed hypertensive encephalopathy in cyclosporine A group, no other serious adverse events were recorded. There were no significant differences between two groups with respect to adverse events. Conclusion: Our results indicated that both mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A were effective in the treatment of children with refractory nephrotic syndrome. Cyclosporine A was superior to mycophenolate mofetil in preventing relapses in patients with FRNS and inducing complete remission in patients with SRNS. Although most patients were able to tolerate mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A, but the toxicity and safety of cyclosporine A should be monitored closely.
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COMPARISON OF READMISSION AND DEATH AMONG CARDIAC PATIENTS IN NORTHERN VS. SOUTHERN ONTARIO. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING VERSUS PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING WITH THREE ARTERIAL GRAFTS DOES NOT IMPROVE OUTCOMES COMPARED TO TWO ARTERIAL GRAFTS AT EIGHT-YEAR FOLLOW-UP. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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AWARENESS OF WARNING SYMPTOMS OF HEART DISEASE AND STROKE: RESULTS OF A FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF THE CHINESE CANADIAN CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH PROJECT. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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[Application of virtual reality in surgical treatment of complex head and neck carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2018; 53:49-52. [PMID: 29365381 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the application of virtual reality technology in the preoperative evaluation of complex head and neck carcinoma and he value of virtual reality technology in surgical treatment of head and neck carcinoma. Methods: The image data of eight patients with complex head and neck carcinoma treated from December 2016 to May 2017 was acquired. The data were put into virtual reality system to built the three-dimensional anatomical model of carcinoma and to created the surgical scene. The process of surgery was stimulated by recognizing the relationship between tumor and surrounding important structures. Finally all patients were treated with surgery. And two typical cases were reported. Results: With the help of virtual reality, surgeons could adequately assess the condition of carcinoma and the security of operation and ensured the safety of operations. Conclusions: Virtual reality can provide the surgeons with the sensory experience in virtual surgery scenes and achieve the man-computer cooperation and stereoscopic assessment, which will ensure the safety of surgery. Virtual reality has a huge impact on guiding the traditional surgical procedure of head and neck carcinoma.
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30-DAY SURVIVAL AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND PRESERVED VERSUS REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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RELATIONSHIP OF PROVIDER VOLUME AND QUALITY OF LIPID SCREENING IN ONTARIO, CANADA: INSIGHT FROM CANHEART. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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SEX DIFFERENCES IN HEART FAILURE INCIDENCE AND OUTCOMES. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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COMPARISON OF OUTCOMES FOLLOWING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY AND PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN ONTARIO AS REPORTED BY THE CARDIAC CARE NETWORK OF ONTARIO AND THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH INFORMATION. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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A RISK SCORE FOR PREDICTING CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AFTER EARLY STAGE BREAST CANCER. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Focal Low and Global High Permeability Predict the Possibility, Risk, and Location of Hemorrhagic Transformation following Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis Therapy in Acute Stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1730-1736. [PMID: 28705822 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The contrast volume transfer coefficient (Ktrans), which reflects blood-brain barrier permeability, is influenced by circulation and measurement conditions. We hypothesized that focal low BBB permeability values can predict the spatial distribution of hemorrhagic transformation and global high BBB permeability values can predict the likelihood of hemorrhagic transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 106 patients with hemispheric stroke who received intra-arterial thrombolytic treatment. Ktrans maps were obtained with first-pass perfusion CT data. The Ktrans values at the region level, obtained with the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score system, were compared to determine the differences between the hemorrhagic transformation and nonhemorrhagic transformation regions. The Ktrans values of the whole ischemic region based on baseline perfusion CT were obtained as a variable to hemorrhagic transformation possibility at the global level. RESULTS Forty-eight (45.3%) patients had hemorrhagic transformation, and 21 (19.8%) had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. At the region level, there were 82 ROIs with hemorrhagic transformation and parenchymal hemorrhage with a mean Ktrans, 0.5 ± 0.5/min, which was significantly lower than that in the nonhemorrhagic transformation regions (P < .01). The mean Ktrans value of 615 nonhemorrhagic transformation ROIs was 0.7 ± 0.6/min. At the global level, there was a significant difference (P = .01) between the mean Ktrans values of patients with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (1.3 ± 0.9) and those without symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (0.8 ± 0.4). Only a high Ktrans value at the global level could predict the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (P < .01; OR = 5.04; 95% CI, 2.01-12.65). CONCLUSIONS Global high Ktrans values can predict the likelihood of hemorrhagic transformation or symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage at the patient level, whereas focal low Ktrans values can predict the spatial distributions of hemorrhagic transformation at the region level.
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P621Electrocardiograms in low-risk patients undergoing an annual health examination. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Farnesyltransferase inhibitor FTI-277 inhibits PD-L1 expression on septic spleen lymphocytes and promotes spleen lymphocyte activation. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 190:8-18. [PMID: 28556912 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesyltransferase inhibitors have been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of tumours. In sepsis, the binding of programmed death 1 (PD-1) to programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) promotes lymphocyte apoptosis and decreases cytokine expression, thus affecting survival rates. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays an important role in chronic viral infection, bacterial infection and sepsis. However, the precise immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory functions of this pathway remain poorly understood. In our previous study, the induction of sepsis by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) resulted in increased farnesyltransferase activity and farnesylated protein levels in the spleen relative to sham treatment. However, the effect of inhibition of farnesyltransferase activity on overall survival rates in patients with sepsis and the specific signalling pathway involved remain to be investigated. In this study, mice with CLP-induced sepsis were treated with farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI-277), and PD-L1 expression on septic spleen lymphocytes was examined. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that PD-L1 is expressed constitutively on lymphocytes and that PD-L1 protein expression was up-regulated strongly following CLP. FTI-277 down-regulated PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression on septic spleen lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was associated closely with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). In addition, the significant damping effect of FTI-277 on the PD-L1 signal promoted interferon (IFN)-γ secretion, interleukin (IL)-2 production and splenocyte proliferation in response to anti-CD3+ CD28+ antibodies in mice. Furthermore, FTI-277 reduced spleen lymphocyte apoptosis in septic mice. Therefore, FTI-277 regulates spleen lymphocyte activity via the PD-L1 signalling pathway, with significant anti-inflammatory effects attributable to suppression of the NF-κB pathway. Farnesyltransferase represents a valuable therapeutic target for the treatment of sepsis.
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Active microrheology determines scale-dependent material properties of Chaetopterus mucus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176732. [PMID: 28562662 PMCID: PMC5451080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterize the lengthscale-dependent rheological properties of mucus from the ubiquitous Chaetopterus marine worm. We use optically trapped probes (2-10 μm) to induce microscopic strains and measure the stress response as a function of oscillation amplitude. Our results show that viscoelastic properties are highly dependent on strain scale (l), indicating three distinct lengthscale-dependent regimes at l1 ≤4 μm, l2≈4-10 μm, and l3≥10 μm. While mucus response is similar to water for l1, suggesting that probes rarely contact the mucus mesh, the response for l2 is distinctly more viscous and independent of probe size, indicative of continuum mechanics. Only for l3 does the response match the macroscopic elasticity, likely due to additional stiffer constraints that strongly resist probe displacement. Our results suggest that, rather than a single lengthscale governing crossover from viscous to elastic, mucus responds as a hierarchical network with a loose biopolymer mesh coupled to a larger scaffold responsible for macroscopic gel-like mechanics.
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Regulatory T cells decrease invariant natural killer T cell-mediated pregnancy loss in mice. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:613-623. [PMID: 27706127 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy loss is the commonest complication of pregnancy. The causes of pregnancy loss are poorly understood. It has been reported that stimulation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells using α-galactosylceramide (αGC) induces pregnancy loss in mice. Here we investigated the mechanisms, especially the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells, in iNKT cell-mediated pregnancy loss. We found that injection of αGC rapidly induced fetal resorption, activated decidual iNKT cells, decreased the percentage of decidual Treg cells and their interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β production, and upregulated the levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-4, and IL-10 in serum. Adoptive transfer of iNKT cells from wild-type (WT) and IL-4-/- mice but not IFN-γ-/- mice into αGC-treated iNKT cell-deficient Jα18-/- mice restored αGC-induced pregnancy loss. Adoptive transfer of Treg cells downregulated α-GC-induced pregnancy loss in WT mice. Finally, co-culture with αGC-stimulated decidual iNKT cells decreased the production of IL-10 and TGF-β in decidual Treg cells and inhibited their suppressive activity. These findings suggest that activation of iNKT cells induces pregnancy loss in mice in an IFN-γ-dependent manner. In addition, inhibition of the function of decidual Treg cells has an important role in iNKT cell-mediated pregnancy loss.
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Horizontal transfer and functional evaluation of high pathogenicity islands in Avian Escherichia coli. Pol J Vet Sci 2017; 20:395-402. [PMID: 28865225 DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2017-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHigh pathogenicity islands (HPIs) inEscherichia coliencode genes that are primarily involved in iron uptake and regulation, and confer virulence and pathogenicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the transfer ofHPIs in avianE. coliand identify the function ofHPIin the acceptor strain. TheHPItransfer strain was obtained under conditions of low temperature and low iron abundance, and the donor and acceptor strains were confirmed.E. coli HPIs are transferred by horizontal gene transfer events, which are likely mediated primarily by homologous recombination inHPI-adjacent sequences. Assays for biological activity and pathogenicity changes in the acceptor strain indicated thatHPIs might not be involved in pathogenesis in avianE. coli, and thus the main function ofHPIs in this strain of bacteria may be to regulate iron nutrition.
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[Laryngeal contact granuloma of 18 cases of clinical analysis]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 31:230-232. [PMID: 29871230 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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[Hepatitis B virus X protein-regulated expression of Plk1]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2016; 24:46-50. [PMID: 26983389 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability and underlying mechanism of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) regulation of Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) expression. METHODS The human HCC cell line HepG2 was transfected (transiently and stably) with an HBx plasmid expression vector (pCMV-HA-HBx) or empty plasmid vector (control), with and without expression plasmids with the Plk1 promoter. Effects on Plk1 expression were assessed by western blotting. Functional effects on the Plk1 promoter were assessed by luciferase reporter assay. Effects on the mRNA level of Plk1 in S phase HepG2 cells were assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. After blocking protein synthesis by treatment with cycloheximide (CHX), the turnover rate of Plk1 was assessed by western blotting. Lastly, the effect of HBx on cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS HBx did not increase the protein expression of Plk1 in non-synchronized HepG2 cells, but did significantly up-regulate the Plk1 protein level in the synchronized S phase cells (P = 0.026 and P = 0.003, respectively). Ectopic expression of HBx did not increase the mRNA level of Plk1 in HepG2 cells, but did inhibit the degradation of Plk1, as evidenced by an increased half-life of Plk1 protein (from 30 to 90 minutes). The HBx-expressing HepG2 cells showed more frequent entry into the S or G(2)/M phase than the control cells (31.65% vs. 24.56% or 9.43% vs. 4.47%, respectively) and less in the G(0)/G(1) phase (decrease from 70.97% to 58.92% for the HBx-expressing HepG2 cells). CONCLUSION HBx is able to up-regulate the expression of Plk1 in HepG2 cells by a mechanism involving stabilization of the Plk1 protein primarily in the S phase of the cell cycl.
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PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF CHEST PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE. Can J Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Molecular characterisation of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli O136:K78 isolates from patients of a diarrhoea outbreak in China. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:528-32. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.167328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Alternating Electric Fields (TTFields) Inhibit Repair of DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation and Sensitize Glioma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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CT45A1 acts as a new proto-oncogene to trigger tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1285. [PMID: 24901056 PMCID: PMC4611718 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer/testis antigen (CTA)-45 family (CT45) belongs to a new family of genes in phylogenetics and is absent in normal tissues except for testis, but is aberrantly overexpressed in various cancer types. Whether CT45 and other CTAs act as proto-oncogenes has not been determined. Using breast cancer as a model, we found that CT45A1, a representative CT45 family member, alone had a weak tumorigenic effect. However, its neoplastic potency was greatly enhanced in the presence of growth factors. Overexpression of CT45A1 in breast cancer cells markedly upregulated various oncogenic and metastatic genes, constitutively activated ERK and CREB signaling pathways, promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and increased cell stemness, tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis, whereas silencing CT45A1 significantly reduced cancer cell migration and invasion. We propose that CT45A1 functions as a novel proto-oncogene to trigger oncogenesis and metastasis. CT45A1 and other CT45 members are therefore excellent targets for anticancer drug discovery and targeted tumor therapy, and valuable genes in the study of a molecular phylogenetic tree.
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Nonlinear eddy viscosity modeling and experimental study of jet spreading rates. INDOOR AIR 2014; 24:93-102. [PMID: 23668473 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Indoor airflow pattern is strongly influenced by turbulent shear and turbulent normal stresses that are responsible for entrainment effects and turbulence-driven secondary motion. Therefore, an accurate prediction of room airflows requires reliable modeling of these turbulent quantities. The most widely used turbulence models include RANS-based models that provide quick solutions but are known to fail in turbulent free shear and wall-affected flows. In order to cope with this deficiency, this study presents a nonlinear k-ε turbulence model and evaluates it along with linear k-ε models for an indoor isothermal linear diffuser jet flow measured in two model rooms using PIV. The results show that the flow contains a free jet near the inlet region and a wall-affected region downstream where the jet is pushed toward the ceiling by entrainment through the well-known Coanda effect. The CFD results show that an accurate prediction of the entrainment process is very important and that the nonlinear eddy viscosity model is able to predict the turbulence-driven secondary motions. Furthermore, turbulence models that are calibrated for high Reynolds free shear layer flows were not able to reproduce the measured velocity distributions, and it is suggested that the model constants of turbulence models should be adjusted before they are used for room airflow simulations.
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The Family Study: Assessment of the Risk for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Family Members of Cardiac Arrest Patients. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Trends of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in rural areas of northern China during 1991-2011. J Hum Hypertens 2013; 28:25-31. [PMID: 23739160 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2013.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among rural residents aged 35-74 years in northern China during the country's rapid economic development from 1991 to 2011. Two surveys, conducted in 1991 and 2011, included 2196 and 1939 participants aged 35-74 years from same villages in Ji County, Tianjin of China, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, adjusted by age and gender using the world standard population in 2000, increased 30% (39.9% vs 51.7%) between 1991 and 2011. The increase was greatest (68%) in women aged 35-44 years. Meanwhile, the prevalence of stage II hypertension increased by 75% overall, with a 4-fold increase in men aged 45-54 years. Although the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension increased significantly during the same period, they remained unacceptably poor. In conclusion, the community-based surveys showed that the prevalence of hypertension in rural residents of northern China aged 35-74 years increased rapidly over the past 20 years, and most dramatically in young women. Efforts in the primary prevention of hypertension, particularly for young women, and promoting education for hypertension awareness, treatment and control are of paramount importance in rural China.
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Abstract 3220: A microfluidic, multi-analyte, high sensitivity, immunoassay platform for rapid biomarker detection. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-3220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Traditionally, protein analytes or biomarkers have been measured individually in ELISAs. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that multiple markers are associated with multivariate diseases like cancer. Despite demand, the adoption of multi-analyte biomarker tests in clinical research has been severely limited for many reasons including technical concerns regarding assay reproducibility, time and the labor-intensive nature of assay panel development, and reported non-correlation with conventional ELISA data. To address this issue, we have developed a novel fully automated desktop immunoassay platform that enables simultaneous interrogation of four analytes in eight individual samples on a single disposable microfluidic cartridge in under an hour. We have devised a unique approach to immobilize antibodies that results in assays with high sensitivities (femtomolar) and broad dynamic ranges (>4 logs). Twenty microliters of patient sample are split into parallel channels containing individual immunoassays. By segregating each assay to a discrete location, the multi-analyte assay mimics single-analyte ELISAs, thus enabling each assay to operate under its optimal conditions. This methodology combines the specificity of a traditional ELISA immunoassay, where the sample is assayed by a singular pair of capture and detect antibodies eliminating cross-reactivity and other negative interactions from other antibody pairs while offering the benefits of a multiplexed antigen analysis. We describe the system's design, speed, sensitivity and reproducibility using data generated with a custom-built 4-analyte pro-inflammatory panel cartridge (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα) on clinical samples. We demonstrate that our assay system is ideal for quantitative analysis of soluble protein markers in clinical research and in clinical trials.
Citation Format: Rajiv Pande, John H. Leamon, Marty Putnam, M Pitta, D Svancara, J Tu. A microfluidic, multi-analyte, high sensitivity, immunoassay platform for rapid biomarker detection. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3220. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3220
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Tissue distribution, expression, and antimicrobial activity of Anas platyrhynchos avian β-defensin 6. Poult Sci 2013; 92:97-104. [PMID: 23243235 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel avian β-defensin (AvBD) was isolated from the Chaohu duck. The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene contained a 204-bp open reading frame that encoded 67 amino acids (aa), including a signal peptide of 20 aa, a propiece of 5 aa, and a mature peptide of 42 aa. The homology, characterization, and comparison of this gene with AvBD from other avian species confirmed that it was duck AvBD6. Also, the preproprotein of AvBD6 from chicken, goose, and duck was highly conserved with 100% aa homology. The AvBD6 mRNA was widely expressed in the investigated tissues of healthy 5-mo-old ducks, with the exception of the skin, kidney, and bursa. The AvBD6 mRNA was highly expressed in the spleen, lung, stomach, tongue, and egg yolk, successively; moderately expressed in the bone marrow and liver; and expressed to lower degrees in the trachea, heart, intestine, muscle, esophagus, and testis. We produced recombinant AvBD6 by expressing the gene in Escherichia coli. The yield of soluble glutathione S-transferees (GST)-AvBD6 in the inclusion bodies increased significantly as the incubation temperature was decreased from 37 to 30°C. As expected, the GST-AvBD6 exhibited strong bactericidal properties [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 0.5 to 2 μM] against the Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria strain BJCP-5, E. coli, and Enterococcus faecalis [ATCC 29212); it possessed medium bactericidal properties (MIC = 4 to 8 μM) against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Bacillus subtilis (CMCC 63501;; and it possessed low bactericidal properties (MIC = 16 μM) against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of GST-AvBD6 proved to be the same as that of synthetic AvBD6. The A. veronii biovar sobria strain BJCP-5 cells that were treated with GST-AvBD6 showed lysis and shrinkage under scanning electron microscopy. The mechanisms of AvBD6-mediated killing of A. veronii biovar sobria involved both cell lysis and nonlysis. Our results indicate that AvBD6 plays an important role in the innate immunity of the Chaohu duck.
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