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Lackinger C, Wilfinger J, Mayerhofer J, Strehn A, Dick D, Dorner TE. Adherence to and effects on physical function parameters of a community-based standardised exercise programme for overweight or obese patients carried out by local sports clubs. Public Health 2017; 147:109-118. [PMID: 28404486 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the adherence to a sports-club-based standardised real-life exercise programme for overweight or obese patients. The effects on physical function parameters, anthropometry and quality of life were also assessed. STUDY DESIGN Within this prospective cohort study data from patients in Austrian sports-club-based programmes were analysed. METHODS Sports-club-based programmes were held twice a week and carried out by local trainers. The target group was overweight or obese patients. Adherence was determined after 2 and 6 months, and physical function parameters were evaluated at baseline and after 2 months. RESULTS A total of 71 patients (age: 52.0; standard deviation [SD: 12.1] years; body mass index [BMI]: 37.3 [SD: 8.2] kg/m2) took part in the study. Within the first 2 months the adherence rate was 62%, while 20% (14/71) participated in ≥75% of all offered sessions. After 6 months, 49% (17/35) of the retained sample still participated regularly in an exercise class. At baseline, muscle strength represented only 70% of the age- and sex-specific reference values and could be increased in a range from +4.0% (1.3 [SD: 3.0] kg; muscular endurance for the pectoral muscles) to +22.5% (16.1 [SD: 17.5] kg) (muscular endurance for the lower limb muscles). Concerning endurance capacity, the heart rate for a constant submaximal workload decreased from 126.4 (SD: 21.7) beats per minute at baseline to 120.9 (SD: 21.1) after 2 months (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sports clubs, as a non-clinical setting, can offer attractive standardised exercise programmes for a minority of overweight or obese patients. Long term changes in life-style, that result in sufficient levels of health enhancing physical activity still remain a huge public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lackinger
- Department of Health Promotion and Prevention, SPORTUNION Österreich, Falkestrasse 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
| | - J Wilfinger
- Department of Health Promotion and Prevention, SPORTUNION Österreich, Falkestrasse 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - J Mayerhofer
- Department of Health Promotion and Prevention, SPORTUNION Österreich, Falkestrasse 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - A Strehn
- Competence Center Health Promotion, Social Insurance Authority for Business, Osterwiese 2, 7000 Eisenstadt, Austria
| | - D Dick
- Department of Health Care, Social Insurance Authority for Business, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 84-86, 1051 Vienna, Austria
| | - T E Dorner
- Institute of Social Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Waidmann S, Kusenda B, Mayerhofer J, Mechtler K, Jonak C. A DEK domain-containing protein modulates chromatin structure and function in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 2014; 26:4328-44. [PMID: 25387881 PMCID: PMC4277211 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.129254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin is a major determinant in the regulation of virtually all DNA-dependent processes. Chromatin architectural proteins interact with nucleosomes to modulate chromatin accessibility and higher-order chromatin structure. The evolutionarily conserved DEK domain-containing protein is implicated in important chromatin-related processes in animals, but little is known about its DNA targets and protein interaction partners. In plants, the role of DEK has remained elusive. In this work, we identified DEK3 as a chromatin-associated protein in Arabidopsis thaliana. DEK3 specifically binds histones H3 and H4. Purification of other proteins associated with nuclear DEK3 also established DNA topoisomerase 1α and proteins of the cohesion complex as in vivo interaction partners. Genome-wide mapping of DEK3 binding sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing revealed enrichment of DEK3 at protein-coding genes throughout the genome. Using DEK3 knockout and overexpressor lines, we show that DEK3 affects nucleosome occupancy and chromatin accessibility and modulates the expression of DEK3 target genes. Furthermore, functional levels of DEK3 are crucial for stress tolerance. Overall, data indicate that DEK3 contributes to modulation of Arabidopsis chromatin structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Waidmann
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Branislav Kusenda
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juliane Mayerhofer
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Mechtler
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Jonak
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Rozhon W, Wang W, Berthiller F, Mayerhofer J, Chen T, Petutschnig E, Sieberer T, Poppenberger B, Jonak C. Bikinin-like inhibitors targeting GSK3/Shaggy-like kinases: characterisation of novel compounds and elucidation of their catabolism in planta. BMC Plant Biol 2014; 14:172. [PMID: 24947596 PMCID: PMC4078015 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant GSK-3/Shaggy-like kinases are key players in brassinosteroid (BR) signalling which impact on plant development and participate in response to wounding, pathogens and salt stress. Bikinin was previously identified in a chemical genetics screen as an inhibitor targeting these kinases. To dissect the structural elements crucial for inhibition of GSK-3/Shaggy-like kinases by bikinin and to isolate more potent compounds we synthesised a number of related substances and tested their inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo using Arabidopsis thaliana. RESULTS A pyridine ring with an amido succinic acid residue in position 2 and a halogen in position 5 were crucial for inhibitory activity. The compound with an iodine substituent in position 5, denoted iodobikinin, was most active in inhibiting BIN2 activity in vitro and efficiently induced brassinosteroid-like responses in vivo. Its methyl ester, methyliodobikinin, showed improved cell permeability, making it highly potent in vivo although it had lower activity in vitro. HPLC analysis revealed that the methyl residue was rapidly cleaved off in planta liberating active iodobikinin. In addition, we provide evidence that iodobikinin and bikinin are inactivated in planta by conjugation with glutamic acid or malic acid and that the latter process is catalysed by the malate transferase SNG1. CONCLUSION Brassinosteroids participate in regulation of many aspects of plant development and in responses to environmental cues. Thus compounds modulating their action are valuable tools to study such processes and may be an interesting opportunity to modify plant growth and performance in horticulture and agronomy. Here we report the development of bikinin derivatives with increased potency that can activate BR signalling and mimic BR action. Methyliodobikinin was 3.4 times more active in vivo than bikinin. The main reason for the superior activity of methyliodobikinin, the most potent compound, is its enhanced plant tissue permeability. Inactivation of bikinin and its derivatives in planta involves SNG1, which constitutes a novel pathway for modification of xenobiotic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Rozhon
- GMI-Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, Freising 85354, Germany
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Wuyan Wang
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, Freising 85354, Germany
- Present address: Plant Biochemistry, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstr. 2, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Franz Berthiller
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Juliane Mayerhofer
- GMI-Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Tingting Chen
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Elena Petutschnig
- GMI-Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Present address: Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Cell Biology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Tobias Sieberer
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Department of Plant Sciences, Research Unit Plant Growth Regulation, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany
| | - Brigitte Poppenberger
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, Freising 85354, Germany
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Claudia Jonak
- GMI-Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
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Rozhon W, Mayerhofer J, Petutschnig E, Fujioka S, Jonak C. ASKtheta, a group-III Arabidopsis GSK3, functions in the brassinosteroid signalling pathway. Plant J 2010; 62:215-23. [PMID: 20128883 PMCID: PMC2881309 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones that regulate many processes including cell elongation, leaf development, pollen tube growth and xylem differentiation. GSK3/shaggy-like kinases (GSK) are critical regulators of intracellular signalling initiated by the binding of BR to the BRI1 receptor complex. Three GSKs have already been shown to relay BR responses, including phosphorylation of the transcriptional regulator BES1. However, recent studies indicate that one or more yet unidentified protein kinases are involved in BR signalling. Here, we show that the in vivo protein kinase activity of the group-III GSK, ASKtheta, was negatively regulated by BRI1. Arabidopsis thaliana plants with enhanced ASKtheta activity displayed a bri1-like phenotype. ASKtheta overexpressors accumulated high levels of brassinolide, castasterone and typhasterol, and were insensitive to BR. ASKtheta localized to the nucleus and directly phosphorylated BES1 and BZR1. Moreover, the BES1/BZR1-like transcription factor BEH2 was isolated as an ASKtheta interaction partner in a yeast two-hybrid screen. ASKtheta phosphorylated BEH2 both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these data provide strong evidence that ASKtheta is a novel component of the BR signalling cascade, targeting the transcription factors BES1, BZR1 and BEH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Rozhon
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of SciencesDr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juliane Mayerhofer
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of SciencesDr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Petutschnig
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of SciencesDr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shozo Fujioka
- RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako-shiSaitama 351–0198, Japan
| | - Claudia Jonak
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of SciencesDr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- *For correspondence (fax +43 1 79044 23 9850; e-mail )
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De Rybel B, Audenaert D, Vert G, Rozhon W, Mayerhofer J, Peelman F, Coutuer S, Denayer T, Jansen L, Nguyen L, Vanhoutte I, Beemster GTS, Vleminckx K, Jonak C, Chory J, Inzé D, Russinova E, Beeckman T. Chemical inhibition of a subset of Arabidopsis thaliana GSK3-like kinases activates brassinosteroid signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 16:594-604. [PMID: 19549598 PMCID: PMC4854203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a key regulator in signaling pathways in both animals and plants. Three Arabidopsis thaliana GSK3s are shown to be related to brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. In a phenotype-based compound screen we identified bikinin, a small molecule that activates BR signaling downstream of the BR receptor. Bikinin directly binds the GSK3 BIN2 and acts as an ATP competitor. Furthermore, bikinin inhibits the activity of six other Arabidopsis GSK3s. Genome-wide transcript analyses demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of seven GSK3s is sufficient to activate BR responses. Our data suggest that GSK3 inhibition is the sole activation mode of BR signaling and argues against GSK3-independent BR responses in Arabidopsis. The opportunity to generate multiple and conditional knockouts in key regulators in the BR signaling pathway by bikinin represents a useful tool to further unravel regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert De Rybel
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Gent, Belgium
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Rozhon W, Baubec T, Mayerhofer J, Mittelsten Scheid O, Jonak C. Rapid quantification of global DNA methylation by isocratic cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 2008; 375:354-60. [PMID: 18249178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The DNA of many eukaryotes is methylated at specific cytosine residues in connection with gene regulation. Here we report a method for the quantification of global cytosine methylation based on enzymatic hydrolysis of DNA, dephosphorylation, and subsequent high-performance cation exchange chromatography. Nucleosides are separated in less than 3 min under isocratic conditions on a benzenesulfonic acid-modified silica phase and detected by UV absorption. As little as 1 microg of DNA is sufficient to measure 5-methyldeoxycytosine levels with a typical relative standard deviation of less than 3%. As a proof of concept, the method was applied for analysis of DNA from several Arabidopsis thaliana mutants affected in DNA methylation and from Medicago sativa seedlings treated with the environmental pollutant chromium(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Rozhon
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
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Schwarzer J, Mayerhofer J, Schukai O, Mühlen B. V24The tunica-albuginea-patch-technique: A new technique of an autologous grafting procedure for patients with Peyronie's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(05)81095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Albers L, Breiner B, Mayerhofer J, Risgaard-Petersen B, Thisted R. [Study of requirement characteristics of school health services in 3 schools in the community of Odense: a more case-finding and serviceable school health service]. Sygeplejersken 1980; 80:16-8. [PMID: 6903000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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