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Guo B, Kim EJ, Zhu Y, Wang K, Russinova E. Shaping brassinosteroid signaling through scaffold proteins. Plant Cell Physiol 2024:pcae040. [PMID: 38590034 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Cellular responses to internal and external stimuli are orchestrated by intricate intracellular signaling pathways. To ensure an efficient and specific information flow, cells employ scaffold proteins as critical signaling organizers. With the ability to bind multiple signaling molecules, scaffold proteins can sequester signaling components within specific subcellular domains or modulate the efficiency of signal transduction. Scaffolds can also tune the output of signaling pathways by serving as regulatory targets. This review focuses on scaffold proteins associated with the plant GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE3-like kinase, BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) that serve as a key negative regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Here we summarize the current understanding of how scaffold proteins actively shape BR signaling outputs and crosstalk in plant cells via interactions with BIN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Guo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
| | - Eun-Ji Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Ying W, Wang Y, Wei H, Luo Y, Ma Q, Zhu H, Janssens H, Vukašinović N, Kvasnica M, Winne JM, Gao Y, Tan S, Friml J, Liu X, Russinova E, Sun L. Structure and function of the Arabidopsis ABC transporter ABCB19 in brassinosteroid export. Science 2024; 383:eadj4591. [PMID: 38513023 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj4591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids are steroidal phytohormones that regulate plant development and physiology, including adaptation to environmental stresses. Brassinosteroids are synthesized in the cell interior but bind receptors at the cell surface, necessitating a yet to be identified export mechanism. Here, we show that a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, ABCB19, functions as a brassinosteroid exporter. We present its structure in both the substrate-unbound and the brassinosteroid-bound states. Bioactive brassinosteroids are potent activators of ABCB19 ATP hydrolysis activity, and transport assays showed that ABCB19 transports brassinosteroids. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ABCB19 and its close homolog, ABCB1, positively regulate brassinosteroid responses. Our results uncover an elusive export mechanism for bioactive brassinosteroids that is tightly coordinated with brassinosteroid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ying
- Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yaowei Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heyuan Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Janssens
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miroslav Kvasnica
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Johan M Winne
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shutang Tan
- Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Linfeng Sun
- Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
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3
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Wang Y, Perez-Sancho J, Platre MP, Callebaut B, Smokvarska M, Ferrer K, Luo Y, Nolan TM, Sato T, Busch W, Benfey PN, Kvasnica M, Winne JM, Bayer EM, Vukašinović N, Russinova E. Plasmodesmata mediate cell-to-cell transport of brassinosteroid hormones. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1331-1341. [PMID: 37365405 PMCID: PMC10729306 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal phytohormones that are essential for plant growth, development and adaptation to environmental stresses. BRs act in a dose-dependent manner and do not travel over long distances; hence, BR homeostasis maintenance is critical for their function. Biosynthesis of bioactive BRs relies on the cell-to-cell movement of hormone precursors. However, the mechanism of the short-distance BR transport is unknown, and its contribution to the control of endogenous BR levels remains unexplored. Here we demonstrate that plasmodesmata (PD) mediate the passage of BRs between neighboring cells. Intracellular BR content, in turn, is capable of modulating PD permeability to optimize its own mobility, thereby manipulating BR biosynthesis and signaling. Our work uncovers a thus far unknown mode of steroid transport in eukaryotes and exposes an additional layer of BR homeostasis regulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jessica Perez-Sancho
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5200, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Matthieu Pierre Platre
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Callebaut
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marija Smokvarska
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5200, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Karoll Ferrer
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yongming Luo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Takeo Sato
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philip N Benfey
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Miroslav Kvasnica
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Johan M Winne
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5200, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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4
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Kim EJ, Zhang C, Guo B, Eekhout T, Houbaert A, Wendrich JR, Vandamme N, Tiwari M, Simon--Vezo C, Vanhoutte I, Saeys Y, Wang K, Zhu Y, De Rybel B, Russinova E. Cell type-specific attenuation of brassinosteroid signaling precedes stomatal asymmetric cell division. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303758120. [PMID: 37639582 PMCID: PMC10483622 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303758120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and stomatal development are connected through the SHAGGY/GSK3-like kinase BR INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2). BIN2 is a key negative regulator of BR signaling but it plays a dual role in stomatal development. BIN2 promotes or restricts stomatal asymmetric cell division (ACD) depending on its subcellular localization, which is regulated by the stomatal lineage-specific scaffold protein POLAR. BRs inactivate BIN2, but how they govern stomatal development remains unclear. Mapping the single-cell transcriptome of stomatal lineages after triggering BR signaling with either exogenous BRs or the specific BIN2 inhibitor, bikinin, revealed that the two modes of BR signaling activation generate spatiotemporally distinct transcriptional responses. We established that BIN2 is always sensitive to the inhibitor but, when in a complex with POLAR and its closest homolog POLAR-LIKE1, it becomes protected from BR-mediated inactivation. Subsequently, BR signaling in ACD precursors is attenuated, while it remains active in epidermal cells devoid of scaffolds and undergoing differentiation. Our study demonstrates how scaffold proteins contribute to cellular signal specificity of hormonal responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Boyu Guo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Thomas Eekhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
- VIB Single Cell Core, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Anaxi Houbaert
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Jos R. Wendrich
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | | | - Manish Tiwari
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Claire Simon--Vezo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Vanhoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent9000, Belgium
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Bert De Rybel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent9052, Belgium
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5
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Siao W, Wang P, Zhao X, Vu LD, De Smet I, Russinova E. Phosphorylation of ADAPTOR PROTEIN-2 μ-adaptin by ADAPTOR-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 regulates the tropic growth of Arabidopsis roots. Plant Cell 2023; 35:3504-3521. [PMID: 37440281 PMCID: PMC10473204 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ADAPTOR-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE1 (AAK1) is a known regulator of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in mammals. Human AAK1 phosphorylates the μ2 subunit of the ADAPTOR PROTEIN-2 (AP-2) complex (AP2M) and plays important roles in cell differentiation and development. Previous interactome studies discovered the association of AAK1 with AP-2 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but its function was unclear. Here, genetic analysis revealed that the Arabidopsis aak1 and ap2m mutants both displayed altered root tropic growth, including impaired touch- and gravity-sensing responses. In Arabidopsis, AAK1-phosphorylated AP2M on Thr-163, and expression of the phospho-null version of AP2M in the ap2m mutant led to an aak1-like phenotype, whereas the phospho-mimic forms of AP2M rescued the aak1 mutant. In addition, we found that the AAK1-dependent phosphorylation state of AP2M modulates the frequency distribution of endocytosis. Our data indicate that the phosphorylation of AP2M on Thr-163 by AAK1 fine-tunes endocytosis in the Arabidopsis root to control its tropic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Siao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiuyang Zhao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lam Dai Vu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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6
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Liu C, Mentzelopoulou A, Papagavriil F, Ramachandran P, Perraki A, Claus L, Barg S, Dörmann P, Jaillais Y, Johnen P, Russinova E, Gizeli E, Schaaf G, Moschou PN. SEC14-like condensate phase transitions at plasma membranes regulate root growth in Arabidopsis. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002305. [PMID: 37721949 PMCID: PMC10538751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein function can be modulated by phase transitions in their material properties, which can range from liquid- to solid-like; yet, the mechanisms that drive these transitions and whether they are important for physiology are still unknown. In the model plant Arabidopsis, we show that developmental robustness is reinforced by phase transitions of the plasma membrane-bound lipid-binding protein SEC14-like. Using imaging, genetics, and in vitro reconstitution experiments, we show that SEC14-like undergoes liquid-like phase separation in the root stem cells. Outside the stem cell niche, SEC14-like associates with the caspase-like protease separase and conserved microtubule motors at unique polar plasma membrane interfaces. In these interfaces, SEC14-like undergoes processing by separase, which promotes its liquid-to-solid transition. This transition is important for root development, as lines expressing an uncleavable SEC14-like variant or mutants of separase and associated microtubule motors show similar developmental phenotypes. Furthermore, the processed and solidified but not the liquid form of SEC14-like interacts with and regulates the polarity of the auxin efflux carrier PINFORMED2. This work demonstrates that robust development can involve liquid-to-solid transitions mediated by proteolysis at unique plasma membrane interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andriani Mentzelopoulou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Fotini Papagavriil
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Prashanth Ramachandran
- Department of Organismal Biology, Physiological Botany, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Artemis Perraki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Lucas Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Barg
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Dörmann
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Philipp Johnen
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Electra Gizeli
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Gabriel Schaaf
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Nikolaou Moschou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
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7
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Neubus Claus LA, Liu D, Hohmann U, Vukašinović N, Pleskot R, Liu J, Schiffner A, Jaillais Y, Wu G, Wolf S, Van Damme D, Hothorn M, Russinova E. BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 internalization can occur independent of ligand binding. Plant Physiol 2023; 192:65-76. [PMID: 36617237 PMCID: PMC10152650 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The brassinosteroid (BR) hormone and its plasma membrane (PM) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) are one of the best-studied receptor-ligand pairs for understanding the interplay between receptor endocytosis and signaling in plants. BR signaling is mainly determined by the PM pool of BRI1, whereas BRI1 endocytosis ensures signal attenuation. As BRs are ubiquitously distributed in the plant, the tools available to study the BRI1 function without interference from endogenous BRs are limited. Here, we designed a BR binding-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant based on protein sequence-structure analysis and homology modeling of members of the BRI1 family. This tool allowed us to re-examine the BRI1 endocytosis and signal attenuation model. We showed that despite impaired phosphorylation and ubiquitination, BR binding-deficient BRI1 internalizes similarly to the wild type form. Our data indicate that BRI1 internalization relies on different endocytic machineries. In addition, the BR binding-deficient mutant provides opportunities to study non-canonical ligand-independent BRI1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alves Neubus Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Derui Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ulrich Hohmann
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roman Pleskot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062 Shaanxi, China
| | - Alexei Schiffner
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Lyon, 69342 Lyon, France
| | - Guang Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062 Shaanxi, China
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Hothorn
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Nolan TM, Vukašinović N, Hsu CW, Zhang J, Vanhoutte I, Shahan R, Taylor IW, Greenstreet L, Heitz M, Afanassiev A, Wang P, Szekely P, Brosnan A, Yin Y, Schiebinger G, Ohler U, Russinova E, Benfey PN. Brassinosteroid gene regulatory networks at cellular resolution in the Arabidopsis root. Science 2023; 379:eadf4721. [PMID: 36996230 PMCID: PMC10119888 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids are plant steroid hormones that regulate diverse processes, such as cell division and cell elongation, through gene regulatory networks that vary in space and time. By using time series single-cell RNA sequencing to profile brassinosteroid-responsive gene expression specific to different cell types and developmental stages of the Arabidopsis root, we identified the elongating cortex as a site where brassinosteroids trigger a shift from proliferation to elongation associated with increased expression of cell wall-related genes. Our analysis revealed HOMEOBOX FROM ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 7 (HAT7) and GT-2-LIKE 1 (GTL1) as brassinosteroid-responsive transcription factors that regulate cortex cell elongation. These results establish the cortex as a site of brassinosteroid-mediated growth and unveil a brassinosteroid signaling network regulating the transition from proliferation to elongation, which illuminates aspects of spatiotemporal hormone responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Che-Wei Hsu
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Isabelle Vanhoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rachel Shahan
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Laura Greenstreet
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthieu Heitz
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anton Afanassiev
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Szekely
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aiden Brosnan
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Geoffrey Schiebinger
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Uwe Ohler
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philip N Benfey
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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9
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Wang D, Hu X, Ye H, Wang Y, Yang Q, Liang X, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wen M, Yuan X, Zheng X, Ye W, Guo B, Yusuyin M, Russinova E, Zhou Y, Wang K. Cell-specific clock-controlled gene expression program regulates rhythmic fiber cell growth in cotton. Genome Biol 2023; 24:49. [PMID: 36918913 PMCID: PMC10012527 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermis of cotton ovule produces fibers, the most important natural cellulose source for the global textile industry. However, the molecular mechanism of fiber cell growth is still poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we develop an optimized protoplasting method, and integrate single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) to systematically characterize the cells of the outer integument of ovules from wild type and fuzzless/lintless (fl) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). By jointly analyzing the scRNA-seq data from wildtype and fl, we identify five cell populations including the fiber cell type and construct the development trajectory for fiber lineage cells. Interestingly, by time-course diurnal transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrate that the primary growth of fiber cells is a highly regulated circadian rhythmic process. Moreover, we identify a small peptide GhRALF1 that circadian rhythmically controls fiber growth possibly through oscillating auxin signaling and proton pump activity in the plasma membrane. Combining with scATAC-seq, we further identify two cardinal cis-regulatory elements (CREs, TCP motif, and TCP-like motif) which are bound by the trans factors GhTCP14s to modulate the circadian rhythmic metabolism of mitochondria and protein translation through regulating approximately one third of genes that are highly expressed in fiber cells. CONCLUSIONS We uncover a fiber-specific circadian clock-controlled gene expression program in regulating fiber growth. This study unprecedentedly reveals a new route to improve fiber traits by engineering the circadian clock of fiber cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanzhe Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Miaomiao Wen
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, RNA Institute, Remin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Ye
- Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Boyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mayila Yusuyin
- Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, RNA Institute, Remin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China. .,Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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10
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Wang P, Siao W, Zhao X, Arora D, Wang R, Eeckhout D, Van Leene J, Kumar R, Houbaert A, De Winne N, Mylle E, Vandorpe M, Korver RA, Testerink C, Gevaert K, Vanneste S, De Jaeger G, Van Damme D, Russinova E. Adaptor protein complex interaction map in Arabidopsis identifies P34 as a common stability regulator. Nat Plants 2023; 9:355-371. [PMID: 36635451 PMCID: PMC7615410 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are evolutionarily conserved vesicle transport regulators that recruit coat proteins, membrane cargoes and coated vesicle accessory proteins. As in plants endocytic and post-Golgi trafficking intersect at the trans-Golgi network, unique mechanisms for sorting cargoes of overlapping vesicular routes are anticipated. The plant AP complexes are part of the sorting machinery, but despite some functional information, their cargoes, accessory proteins and regulation remain largely unknown. Here, by means of various proteomics approaches, we generated the overall interactome of the five AP and the TPLATE complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The interactome converged on a number of hub proteins, including the thus far unknown adaptin binding-like protein, designated P34. P34 interacted with the clathrin-associated AP complexes, controlled their stability and, subsequently, influenced clathrin-mediated endocytosis and various post-Golgi trafficking routes. Altogether, the AP interactome network offers substantial resources for further discoveries of unknown endomembrane trafficking regulators in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wei Siao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Xiuyang Zhao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Deepanksha Arora
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Leene
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anaxi Houbaert
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy De Winne
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Mylle
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Vandorpe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruud A Korver
- Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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11
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Lu Q, Russinova E. Cellular Thermal Shift Assay for the Detection of Small Molecule-Target Interactions in Arabidopsis Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2554:21-34. [PMID: 36178618 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2624-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical genetics takes advantage of small molecule-protein interactions to explore various biological processes. Although an attractive alternative to classical genetics in plants, the identification of small-molecule targets remains a challenge and limits the broad use of the compounds. The cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), based on the principle that binding of small molecules could affect the thermal stability of proteins, has been applied for target validation in plant cells. Combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry, CETSA can detect small-molecule targets by monitoring the changes in the protein thermal stability caused by the interactions with small molecules at the proteome level. Here we describe the small-molecule target validation as well as the target identification with mass spectrometry by means of CETSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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Lu Q, Houbaert A, Ma Q, Huang J, Sterck L, Zhang C, Benjamins R, Coppens F, Van Breusegem F, Russinova E. Adenosine monophosphate deaminase modulates BIN2 activity through hydrogen peroxide-induced oligomerization. Plant Cell 2022; 34:3844-3859. [PMID: 35876813 PMCID: PMC9520590 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana GSK3-like kinase, BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) is a key negative regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and a hub for crosstalk with other signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms controlling BIN2 activity are not well understood. Here we performed a forward genetic screen for resistance to the plant-specific GSK3 inhibitor bikinin and discovered that a mutation in the ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEAMINASE (AMPD)/EMBRYONIC FACTOR1 (FAC1) gene reduces the sensitivity of Arabidopsis seedlings to both bikinin and BRs. Further analyses revealed that AMPD modulates BIN2 activity by regulating its oligomerization in a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent manner. Exogenous H2O2 induced the formation of BIN2 oligomers with a decreased kinase activity and an increased sensitivity to bikinin. By contrast, AMPD activity inhibition reduced the cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the amount of BIN2 oligomers, correlating with the decreased sensitivity of Arabidopsis plants to bikinin and BRs. Furthermore, we showed that BIN2 phosphorylates AMPD to possibly alter its function. Our results uncover the existence of an H2O2 homeostasis-mediated regulation loop between AMPD and BIN2 that fine-tunes the BIN2 kinase activity to control plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Qian Ma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Sterck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - René Benjamins
- Plant Developmental Biology, Wageningen University Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Coppens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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13
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Ma Q, Chang M, Drakakaki G, Russinova E. Selective chemical probes can untangle the complexity of the plant cell endomembrane system. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2022; 68:102223. [PMID: 35567926 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The endomembrane system is critical for plant growth and development and understanding its function and regulation is of great interest for plant biology research. Small-molecule targeting distinctive endomembrane components have proven powerful tools to dissect membrane trafficking in plant cells. However, unambiguous elucidation of the complex and dynamic trafficking processes requires chemical probes with enhanced precision. Determination of the mechanism of action of a compound, which is facilitated by various chemoproteomic approaches, opens new avenues for the improvement of its specificity. Moreover, rational molecule design and reverse chemical genetics with the aid of virtual screening and artificial intelligence will enable us to discover highly precise chemical probes more efficiently. The next decade will witness the emergence of more such accurate tools, which together with advanced live quantitative imaging techniques of subcellular phenotypes, will deepen our insights into the plant endomembrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mingqin Chang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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14
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Miao R, Russinova E, Rodriguez PL. Tripartite hormonal regulation of plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity. Trends Plant Sci 2022; 27:588-600. [PMID: 35034860 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme activity of the plasma membrane (PM) proton pump, well known as arabidopsis PM H+-ATPase (AHA) in the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), is controlled by phosphorylation. Three different classes of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli, at least in part by modulating the activity of the pump through phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr residue in its carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding this tripartite hormonal AHA regulation and highlight mechanisms of activation and deactivation, as well as the significance of hormonal crosstalk. Understanding the complexity of PM H+-ATPase regulation in plants might provide new strategies for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain.
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15
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Luo Y, Takagi J, Claus LAN, Zhang C, Yasuda S, Hasegawa Y, Yamaguchi J, Shan L, Russinova E, Sato T. Deubiquitinating enzymes UBP12 and UBP13 stabilize the brassinosteroid receptor BRI1. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53354. [PMID: 35166439 PMCID: PMC8982535 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification that controls diverse cellular processes in eukaryotes. Ubiquitin-dependent internalization, recycling, and degradation are important mechanisms that regulate the activity and the abundance of plasma membrane (PM)-localized proteins. In plants, although several ubiquitin ligases are implicated in these processes, no deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), have been identified that directly remove ubiquitin from membrane proteins and limit their vacuolar degradation. Here, we discover two DUB proteins, UBP12 and UBP13, that directly target the PM-localized brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) in Arabidopsis. BRI1 protein abundance is decreased in the ubp12i/ubp13 double mutant that displayed severe growth defects and reduced sensitivity to BRs. UBP13 directly interacts with and effectively removes K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from BRI1, thereby negatively modulating its vacuolar targeting and degradation. Our study reveals that UBP12 and UBP13 play crucial roles in governing BRI1 abundance and BR signaling activity to regulate plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Luo
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Takagi
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Lucas Alves Neubus Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Yoko Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Libo Shan
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Takeo Sato
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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16
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Li S, Li L, Fan W, Ma S, Zhang C, Kim JC, Wang K, Russinova E, Zhu Y, Zhou Y. LeafNet: a tool for segmenting and quantifying stomata and pavement cells. Plant Cell 2022; 34:1171-1188. [PMID: 35080620 PMCID: PMC8972303 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Stomata play important roles in gas and water exchange in leaves. The morphological features of stomata and pavement cells are highly plastic and are regulated during development. However, it is very laborious and time-consuming to collect accurate quantitative data from the leaf surface by manual phenotyping. Here, we introduce LeafNet, a tool that automatically localizes stomata, segments pavement cells (to prepare them for quantification), and reports multiple morphological parameters for a variety of leaf epidermal images, especially bright-field microscopy images. LeafNet employs a hierarchical strategy to identify stomata using a deep convolutional network and then segments pavement cells on stomata-masked images using a region merging method. LeafNet achieved promising performance on test images for quantifying different phenotypes of individual stomata and pavement cells compared with six currently available tools, including StomataCounter, Cellpose, PlantSeg, and PaCeQuant. LeafNet shows great flexibility, and we improved its ability to analyze bright-field images from a broad range of species as well as confocal images using transfer learning. Large-scale images of leaves can be efficiently processed in batch mode and interactively inspected with a graphic user interface or a web server (https://leafnet.whu.edu.cn/). The functionalities of LeafNet could easily be extended and will enhance the efficiency and productivity of leaf phenotyping for many plant biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiliang Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Suping Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jang Chol Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- Authors for correspondence: (Y.X.Z.) and (Y.Z.)
| | - Yu Zhou
- Authors for correspondence: (Y.X.Z.) and (Y.Z.)
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17
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Zhang C, Lauster T, Tang W, Houbaert A, Zhu S, Eeckhout D, De Smet I, De Jaeger G, Jacobs TB, Xu T, Müller S, Russinova E. ROPGAP-dependent interaction between brassinosteroid and ROP2-GTPase signaling controls pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2022; 32:518-531.e6. [PMID: 35085499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis is driven by chemical and mechanical cues that direct partitioning mechanisms required for the establishment of the lobe- and indentation-defining polar sites. Brassinosteroid (BR) hormones regulate pavement cell morphogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified two PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY GTPase-ACTIVATING proteins (PHGAPs) as substrates of the GSK3-like kinase BR-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2). The phgap1phgap2 mutant displayed severe epidermal cell shape phenotypes, and the PHGAPs were markedly enriched in the anticlinal face of the pavement cell indenting regions. BIN2 phosphorylation of PHGAPs was required for their stability and polarization. BIN2 inhibition activated ROP2-GTPase signaling specifically in the lobes because of PHGAP degradation, while the PHGAPs restrained ROP2 activity in the indentations. Hence, we connect BR and ROP2-GTPase signaling pathways via the regulation of PHGAPs and put forward the importance of spatiotemporal control of BR signaling for pavement cell interdigitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Theresa Lauster
- Developmental Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wenxin Tang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Centre for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Anaxi Houbaert
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shanshuo Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas B Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tongda Xu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Centre for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Sabine Müller
- Developmental Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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18
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Aniento F, Sánchez de Medina Hernández V, Dagdas Y, Rojas-Pierce M, Russinova E. Molecular mechanisms of endomembrane trafficking in plants. Plant Cell 2022; 34:146-173. [PMID: 34550393 PMCID: PMC8773984 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Endomembrane trafficking is essential for all eukaryotic cells. The best-characterized membrane trafficking organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, early and recycling endosomes, multivesicular body, or late endosome, lysosome/vacuole, and plasma membrane. Although historically plants have given rise to cell biology, our understanding of membrane trafficking has mainly been shaped by the much more studied mammalian and yeast models. Whereas organelles and major protein families that regulate endomembrane trafficking are largely conserved across all eukaryotes, exciting variations are emerging from advances in plant cell biology research. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on plant endomembrane trafficking, with a focus on four distinct trafficking pathways: ER-to-Golgi transport, endocytosis, trans-Golgi network-to-vacuole transport, and autophagy. We acknowledge the conservation and commonalities in the trafficking machinery across species, with emphasis on diversity and plant-specific features. Understanding the function of organelles and the trafficking machinery currently nonexistent in well-known model organisms will provide great opportunities to acquire new insights into the fundamental cellular process of membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Sánchez de Medina Hernández
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Aniento F, Isono E, Rojo E, Russinova E. Editorial: Highlights of ENPER 2019-European Network for Plant Endomembrane Research Meeting. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:719367. [PMID: 34305994 PMCID: PMC8299720 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Aniento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Erika Isono
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Enrique Rojo
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Vu LD, Xu X, Zhu T, Pan L, van Zanten M, de Jong D, Wang Y, Vanremoortele T, Locke AM, van de Cotte B, De Winne N, Stes E, Russinova E, De Jaeger G, Van Damme D, Uauy C, Gevaert K, De Smet I. The membrane-localized protein kinase MAP4K4/TOT3 regulates thermomorphogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2842. [PMID: 33990595 PMCID: PMC8121802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants respond to mild warm temperature conditions by increased elongation growth of organs to enhance cooling capacity, in a process called thermomorphogenesis. To this date, the regulation of thermomorphogenesis has been exclusively shown to intersect with light signalling pathways. To identify regulators of thermomorphogenesis that are conserved in flowering plants, we map changes in protein phosphorylation in both dicots and monocots exposed to warm temperature. We identify MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASE4 (MAP4K4)/TARGET OF TEMPERATURE3 (TOT3) as a regulator of thermomorphogenesis that impinges on brassinosteroid signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, we show that TOT3 plays a role in thermal response in wheat, a monocot crop. Altogether, the conserved thermal regulation by TOT3 expands our knowledge of thermomorphogenesis beyond the well-studied pathways and can contribute to ensuring food security under a changing climate. Plants respond to warmth via growth processes termed thermomorphogenesis. Here, via a phosphoproteomics approach, the authors show that the mitogen activated protein kinase TOT3 regulates thermomorphogenesis in both wheat and Arabidopsis and modifies brassinosteroid signaling in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam Dai Vu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lixia Pan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorrit de Jong
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yaowei Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanremoortele
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna M Locke
- Soybean & Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Brigitte van de Cotte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nancy De Winne
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Stes
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Headquarters, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cristobal Uauy
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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21
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Vukašinović N, Wang Y, Vanhoutte I, Fendrych M, Guo B, Kvasnica M, Jiroutová P, Oklestkova J, Strnad M, Russinova E. Local brassinosteroid biosynthesis enables optimal root growth. Nat Plants 2021; 7:619-632. [PMID: 34007032 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) hormones are indispensable for root growth and control both cell division and cell elongation through the establishment of an increasing signalling gradient along the longitudinal root axis. Because of their limited mobility, the importance of BR distribution in achieving a signalling maximum is largely overlooked. Expression pattern analysis of all known BR biosynthetic enzymes revealed that not all cells in the Arabidopsis thaliana root possess full biosynthetic machinery, and that completion of biosynthesis relies on cell-to-cell movement of hormone precursors. We demonstrate that BR biosynthesis is largely restricted to the root elongation zone, where it overlaps with BR signalling maxima. Moreover, optimal root growth requires hormone concentrations to be low in the meristem and high in the root elongation zone, attributable to increased biosynthesis. Our finding that spatiotemporal regulation of hormone synthesis results in local hormone accumulation provides a paradigm for hormone-driven organ growth in the absence of long-distance hormone transport in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Yaowei Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Vanhoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Boyu Guo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miroslav Kvasnica
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Jiroutová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Oklestkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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22
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Abstract
In this Primer, Kim and Russinova provide an overview of brassinosteroid signalling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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23
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Ortiz-Morea FA, He P, Shan L, Russinova E. It takes two to tango - molecular links between plant immunity and brassinosteroid signalling. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/22/jcs246728. [PMID: 33239345 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.246728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the invasion of microorganisms, plants actively balance their resources for growth and defence, thus ensuring their survival. The regulatory mechanisms underlying plant immunity and growth operate through complex networks, in which the brassinosteroid phytohormone is one of the central players. In the past decades, a growing number of studies have revealed a multi-layered crosstalk between brassinosteroid-mediated growth and plant immunity. In this Review, by means of the tango metaphor, we immerse ourselves into the intimate relationship between brassinosteroid and plant immune signalling pathways that is tailored by the lifestyle of the pathogen and modulated by other phytohormones. The plasma membrane is the unique stage where brassinosteroid and immune signals are dynamically integrated and where compartmentalization into nanodomains that host distinct protein consortia is crucial for the dance. Shared downstream signalling components and transcription factors relay the tango play to the nucleus to activate the plant defence response and other phytohormonal signalling pathways for the finale. Understanding how brassinosteroid and immune signalling pathways are integrated in plants will help develop strategies to minimize the growth-defence trade-off, a key challenge for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Andres Ortiz-Morea
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA .,Amazonian Research Center Cimaz-Macagual, University of the Amazon, Florencia 180002622, Colombia
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Libo Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium .,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Liu D, Kumar R, Claus LAN, Johnson AJ, Siao W, Vanhoutte I, Wang P, Bender KW, Yperman K, Martins S, Zhao X, Vert G, Van Damme D, Friml J, Russinova E. Endocytosis of BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 Is Partly Driven by a Canonical Tyr-Based Motif. Plant Cell 2020; 32:3598-3612. [PMID: 32958564 PMCID: PMC7610300 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and its core endocytic machinery are evolutionarily conserved across all eukaryotes. In mammals, the heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex-2 (AP-2) sorts plasma membrane (PM) cargoes into vesicles via the recognition of motifs based on Tyr or di-Leu in their cytoplasmic tails. However, in plants, very little is known about how PM proteins are sorted for CME and whether similar motifs are required. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) undergoes endocytosis, which depends on clathrin and AP-2. Here, we demonstrate that BRI1 binds directly to the medium AP-2 subunit (AP2M). The cytoplasmic domain of BRI1 contains five putative canonical surface-exposed Tyr-based endocytic motifs. The Tyr-to-Phe substitution in Y898KAI reduced BRI1 internalization without affecting its kinase activity. Consistently, plants carrying the BRI1Y898F mutation were hypersensitive to BRs. Our study demonstrates that AP-2-dependent internalization of PM proteins via the recognition of functional Tyr motifs also operates in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derui Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucas A N Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Wei Siao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Vanhoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kyle W Bender
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Klaas Yperman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Martins
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Xiuyang Zhao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Grégory Vert
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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25
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Fernandez AI, Vangheluwe N, Xu K, Jourquin J, Claus LAN, Morales-Herrera S, Parizot B, De Gernier H, Yu Q, Drozdzecki A, Maruta T, Hoogewijs K, Vannecke W, Peterson B, Opdenacker D, Madder A, Nimchuk ZL, Russinova E, Beeckman T. GOLVEN peptide signalling through RGI receptors and MPK6 restricts asymmetric cell division during lateral root initiation. Nat Plants 2020; 6:533-543. [PMID: 32393883 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
During lateral root initiation, lateral root founder cells undergo asymmetric cell divisions that generate daughter cells with different sizes and fates, a prerequisite for correct primordium organogenesis. An excess of the GLV6/RGF8 peptide disrupts these initial asymmetric cell divisions, resulting in more symmetric divisions and the failure to achieve lateral root organogenesis. Here, we show that loss-of-function GLV6 and its homologue GLV10 increase asymmetric cell divisions during lateral root initiation, and we identified three members of the RGF1 INSENSITIVE/RGF1 receptor subfamily as likely GLV receptors in this process. Through a suppressor screen, we found that MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE6 is a downstream regulator of the GLV pathway. Our data indicate that GLV6 and GLV10 act as inhibitors of asymmetric cell divisions and signal through RGF1 INSENSITIVE receptors and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE6 to restrict the number of initial asymmetric cell divisions that take place during lateral root initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Fernandez
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nick Vangheluwe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Jourquin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucas Alves Neubus Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefania Morales-Herrera
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Microbiology, Kasteelpark, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Boris Parizot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hugues De Gernier
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qiaozhi Yu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Drozdzecki
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Takanori Maruta
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Kurt Hoogewijs
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Willem Vannecke
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Brenda Peterson
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Davy Opdenacker
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zachary L Nimchuk
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
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26
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Ma X, Claus LAN, Leslie ME, Tao K, Wu Z, Liu J, Yu X, Li B, Zhou J, Savatin DV, Peng J, Tyler BM, Heese A, Russinova E, He P, Shan L. Ligand-induced monoubiquitination of BIK1 regulates plant immunity. Nature 2020; 581:199-203. [PMID: 32404997 PMCID: PMC7233372 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) triggers the first line of inducible defence against invading pathogens1-3. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) are convergent regulators that associate with multiple PRRs in plants4. The mechanisms that underlie the activation of RLCKs are unclear. Here we show that when MAMPs are detected, the RLCK BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) is monoubiquitinated following phosphorylation, then released from the flagellin receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2)-BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1) complex, and internalized dynamically into endocytic compartments. The Arabidopsis E3 ubiquitin ligases RING-H2 FINGER A3A (RHA3A) and RHA3B mediate the monoubiquitination of BIK1, which is essential for the subsequent release of BIK1 from the FLS2-BAK1 complex and activation of immune signalling. Ligand-induced monoubiquitination and endosomal puncta of BIK1 exhibit spatial and temporal dynamics that are distinct from those of the PRR FLS2. Our study reveals the intertwined regulation of PRR-RLCK complex activation by protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and shows that ligand-induced monoubiquitination contributes to the release of BIK1 family RLCKs from the PRR complex and activation of PRR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lucas A N Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michelle E Leslie
- Department of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA.,Elemental Enzymes, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kai Tao
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Department of Structural Biology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Xiao Yu
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jinggeng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel V Savatin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Structural Biology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brett M Tyler
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Antje Heese
- Department of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. .,Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Libo Shan
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. .,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Y Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Li-Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yunde Zhao
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, Ja Jolla, California 92093
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich 8008, Switzerland and The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
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28
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Nolan TM, Vukašinović N, Liu D, Russinova E, Yin Y. Brassinosteroids: Multidimensional Regulators of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses. Plant Cell 2020; 32:295-318. [PMID: 31776234 PMCID: PMC7008487 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones that are crucial for many aspects of a plant's life. BRs were originally characterized for their function in cell elongation, but it is becoming clear that they play major roles in plant growth, development, and responses to several stresses such as extreme temperatures and drought. A BR signaling pathway from cell surface receptors to central transcription factors has been well characterized. Here, we summarize recent progress toward understanding the BR pathway, including BR perception and the molecular mechanisms of BR signaling. Next, we discuss the roles of BRs in development and stress responses. Finally, we show how knowledge of the BR pathway is being applied to manipulate the growth and stress responses of crops. These studies highlight the complex regulation of BR signaling, multiple points of crosstalk between BRs and other hormones or stress responses, and the finely tuned spatiotemporal regulation of BR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Nolan
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
| | - Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Derui Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
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29
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Tan S, Abas M, Verstraeten I, Glanc M, Molnár G, Hajný J, Lasák P, Petřík I, Russinova E, Petrášek J, Novák O, Pospíšil J, Friml J. Salicylic Acid Targets Protein Phosphatase 2A to Attenuate Growth in Plants. Curr Biol 2020; 30:381-395.e8. [PMID: 31956021 PMCID: PMC6997888 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants, like other multicellular organisms, survive through a delicate balance between growth and defense against pathogens. Salicylic acid (SA) is a major defense signal in plants, and the perception mechanism as well as downstream signaling activating the immune response are known. Here, we identify a parallel SA signaling that mediates growth attenuation. SA directly binds to A subunits of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), inhibiting activity of this complex. Among PP2A targets, the PIN2 auxin transporter is hyperphosphorylated in response to SA, leading to changed activity of this important growth regulator. Accordingly, auxin transport and auxin-mediated root development, including growth, gravitropic response, and lateral root organogenesis, are inhibited. This study reveals how SA, besides activating immunity, concomitantly attenuates growth through crosstalk with the auxin distribution network. Further analysis of this dual role of SA and characterization of additional SA-regulated PP2A targets will provide further insights into mechanisms maintaining a balance between growth and defense. SA modulates root development independently of NPR1-mediated canonical signaling SA attenuates growth through crosstalk with the auxin transport network SA upregulates the phosphorylation status of PIN auxin efflux carriers through PP2A SA directly targets A subunits of PP2A, inhibiting the activity of the complex
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutang Tan
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Melinda Abas
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria; Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Inge Verstraeten
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Matouš Glanc
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria; Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Gergely Molnár
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria; Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakub Hajný
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Lasák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Petřík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Petrášek
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pospíšil
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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30
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Luo D, Langendries S, Mendez SG, De Ryck J, Liu D, Beirinckx S, Willems A, Russinova E, Debode J, Goormachtig S. Plant Growth Promotion Driven by a Novel Caulobacter Strain. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2019; 32:1162-1174. [PMID: 30933667 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-18-0347-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial communities hold great potential for sustainable and ecologically compatible agriculture. Although numerous plant-beneficial bacterial strains from a wide range of taxonomic groups have been reported, very little evidence is available on the plant-beneficial role of bacteria from the genus Caulobacter. Here, the mode of action of a Caulobacter strain, designated RHG1, which had originally been identified through a microbial screen for plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria in maize (Zea mays), is investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana. RHG1 colonized both roots and shoots of Arabidopsis, promoted lateral root formation in the root, and increased leaf number and leaf size in the shoot. The genome of RHG1 was sequenced and was utilized to look for PGP factors. Our data revealed that the bacterial production of nitric oxide, auxins, cytokinins, or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase as PGP factors could be excluded. However, the analysis of brassinosteroid mutants suggests that an unknown PGP mechanism is involved that impinges directly or indirectly on the pathway of this growth hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexian Luo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Langendries
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sonia Garcia Mendez
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joren De Ryck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Derui Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stien Beirinckx
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Anne Willems
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jane Debode
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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31
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Zhou J, Wang P, Claus LAN, Savatin DV, Xu G, Wu S, Meng X, Russinova E, He P, Shan L. Proteolytic Processing of SERK3/BAK1 Regulates Plant Immunity, Development, and Cell Death. Plant Physiol 2019; 180:543-558. [PMID: 30782965 PMCID: PMC6501102 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many receptor-like kinases (RLKs) to sense extrinsic and intrinsic cues. The signaling pathways mediated by multiple Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) RLK (LRR-RLK) receptors require ligand-induced receptor-coreceptor heterodimerization and transphosphorylation with BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1)/SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASES family LRR-RLKs. Here we reveal an additional layer of regulation of BAK1 via a Ca2+-dependent proteolytic cleavage process that is conserved in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), Nicotiana benthamiana, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae The proteolytic cleavage of BAK1 is intrinsically regulated in response to developmental cues and immune stimulation. The surface-exposed Asp (D287) residue of BAK1 is critical for its proteolytic cleavage and plays an essential role in BAK1-regulated plant immunity, growth hormone brassinosteroid-mediated responses, and cell death containment. BAK1D287A mutation impairs BAK1 phosphorylation on its substrate BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1), and its plasma membrane localization. Intriguingly, it aggravates BAK1 overexpression-triggered cell death independent of BIK1, suggesting that maintaining homeostasis of BAK1 through a proteolytic process is crucial to control plant growth and immunity. Our data reveal that in addition to layered transphosphorylation in the receptor complexes, the proteolytic cleavage is an important regulatory process for the proper functions of the shared coreceptor BAK1 in diverse cellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggeng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Lucas A N Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel V Savatin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guangyuan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Shujing Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
- College of Horticulture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018 China
| | - Xiangzong Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Libo Shan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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32
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Dejonghe W, Sharma I, Denoo B, De Munck S, Lu Q, Mishev K, Bulut H, Mylle E, De Rycke R, Vasileva M, Savatin DV, Nerinckx W, Staes A, Drozdzecki A, Audenaert D, Yperman K, Madder A, Friml J, Van Damme D, Gevaert K, Haucke V, Savvides SN, Winne J, Russinova E. Disruption of endocytosis through chemical inhibition of clathrin heavy chain function. Nat Chem Biol 2019; 15:641-649. [DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Morohashi K, Russinova E. Towards a next step of the research of regulatory networks in plant growth and development. J Plant Res 2019; 132:155-157. [PMID: 30825069 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Morohashi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
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34
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Houbaert A, Zhang C, Tiwari M, Wang K, de Marcos Serrano A, Savatin DV, Urs MJ, Zhiponova MK, Gudesblat GE, Vanhoutte I, Eeckhout D, Boeren S, Karimi M, Betti C, Jacobs T, Fenoll C, Mena M, de Vries S, De Jaeger G, Russinova E. POLAR-guided signalling complex assembly and localization drive asymmetric cell division. Nature 2018; 563:574-578. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Mishev K, Lu Q, Denoo B, Peurois F, Dejonghe W, Hullaert J, De Rycke R, Boeren S, Bretou M, De Munck S, Sharma I, Goodman K, Kalinowska K, Storme V, Nguyen LSL, Drozdzecki A, Martins S, Nerinckx W, Audenaert D, Vert G, Madder A, Otegui MS, Isono E, Savvides SN, Annaert W, De Vries S, Cherfils J, Winne J, Russinova E. Nonselective Chemical Inhibition of Sec7 Domain-Containing ARF GTPase Exchange Factors. Plant Cell 2018; 30:2573-2593. [PMID: 30018157 PMCID: PMC6241273 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Small GTP-binding proteins from the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family are important regulators of vesicle formation and cellular trafficking in all eukaryotes. ARF activation is accomplished by a protein family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that contain a conserved catalytic Sec7 domain. Here, we identified and characterized Secdin, a small-molecule inhibitor of Arabidopsis thaliana ARF-GEFs. Secdin application caused aberrant retention of plasma membrane (PM) proteins in late endosomal compartments, enhanced vacuolar degradation, impaired protein recycling, and delayed secretion and endocytosis. Combined treatments with Secdin and the known ARF-GEF inhibitor Brefeldin A (BFA) prevented the BFA-induced PM stabilization of the ARF-GEF GNOM, impaired its translocation from the Golgi to the trans-Golgi network/early endosomes, and led to the formation of hybrid endomembrane compartments reminiscent of those in ARF-GEF-deficient mutants. Drug affinity-responsive target stability assays revealed that Secdin, unlike BFA, targeted all examined Arabidopsis ARF-GEFs, but that the interaction was probably not mediated by the Sec7 domain because Secdin did not interfere with the Sec7 domain-mediated ARF activation. These results show that Secdin and BFA affect their protein targets through distinct mechanisms, in turn showing the usefulness of Secdin in studies in which ARF-GEF-dependent endomembrane transport cannot be manipulated with BFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiril Mishev
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bram Denoo
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - François Peurois
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Wim Dejonghe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Hullaert
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB BioImaging Core, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6708 Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marine Bretou
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Munck
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isha Sharma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaija Goodman
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Departments of Botany and Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Kamila Kalinowska
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Veronique Storme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Le Son Long Nguyen
- VIB Screening Core, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Drozdzecki
- VIB Screening Core, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Martins
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Wim Nerinckx
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Audenaert
- VIB Screening Core, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Grégory Vert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Departments of Botany and Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Erika Isono
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Savvas N Savvides
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Annaert
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sacco De Vries
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6708 Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cherfils
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Johan Winne
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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36
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Kania U, Nodzyński T, Lu Q, Hicks GR, Nerinckx W, Mishev K, Peurois F, Cherfils J, De Rycke R, Grones P, Robert S, Russinova E, Friml J. The Inhibitor Endosidin 4 Targets SEC7 Domain-Type ARF GTPase Exchange Factors and Interferes with Subcellular Trafficking in Eukaryotes. Plant Cell 2018; 30:2553-2572. [PMID: 30018156 PMCID: PMC6241256 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The trafficking of subcellular cargos in eukaryotic cells crucially depends on vesicle budding, a process mediated by ARF-GEFs (ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factors). In plants, ARF-GEFs play essential roles in endocytosis, vacuolar trafficking, recycling, secretion, and polar trafficking. Moreover, they are important for plant development, mainly through controlling the polar subcellular localization of PIN-FORMED transporters of the plant hormone auxin. Here, using a chemical genetics screen in Arabidopsis thaliana, we identified Endosidin 4 (ES4), an inhibitor of eukaryotic ARF-GEFs. ES4 acts similarly to and synergistically with the established ARF-GEF inhibitor Brefeldin A and has broad effects on intracellular trafficking, including endocytosis, exocytosis, and vacuolar targeting. Additionally, Arabidopsis and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutants defective in ARF-GEF show altered sensitivity to ES4. ES4 interferes with the activation-based membrane association of the ARF1 GTPases, but not of their mutant variants that are activated independently of ARF-GEF activity. Biochemical approaches and docking simulations confirmed that ES4 specifically targets the SEC7 domain-containing ARF-GEFs. These observations collectively identify ES4 as a chemical tool enabling the study of ARF-GEF-mediated processes, including ARF-GEF-mediated plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kania
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tomasz Nodzyński
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Glenn R Hicks
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Wim Nerinckx
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052 Ghent-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kiril Mishev
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - François Peurois
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Jacqueline Cherfils
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB BioImaging Core, 9052Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Grones
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stéphanie Robert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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37
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Claus LAN, Savatin DV, Russinova E. The crossroads of receptor-mediated signaling and endocytosis in plants. J Integr Plant Biol 2018; 60:827-840. [PMID: 29877613 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants deploy numerous plasma membrane receptors to sense and rapidly react to environmental changes. Correct localization and adequate protein levels of the cell-surface receptors are critical for signaling activation and modulation of plant development and defense against pathogens. After ligand binding, receptors are internalized for degradation and signaling attenuation. However, one emerging notion is that the ligand-induced endocytosis of receptor complexes is important for the signal duration, amplitude, and specificity. Recently, mutants of major endocytosis players, including clathrin and dynamin, have been shown to display defects in activation of a subset of signal transduction pathways, implying that signaling in plants might not be solely restricted to the plasma membrane. Here, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge of receptor complex endocytosis and its effect on the signaling outcome, in the context of plant development and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alves Neubus Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel V Savatin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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38
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Sharma I, Russinova E. Probing Plant Receptor Kinase Functions with Labeled Ligands. Plant Cell Physiol 2018; 59:1520-1527. [PMID: 29726983 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells rely on numerous membrane-localized receptor kinases for communication with each other as well as with the environment to ensure coordinated growth, development and survival. Additionally, several families of small secreted peptides have been identified in plants that possibly regulate various developmental processes through activation of specific membrane receptor kinases. In research efforts to elucidate the underlying signaling processes in plants, it has become obvious that knowledge of both the extracellular ligand and its corresponding receptor(s) is a prerequisite to understand cell communication. Of more than 1,000 orphan peptides in plants, only a few have been functionally characterized and paired with their respective receptors. Here, we discuss recent advances made in the field of receptor-ligand pairing and visualization in plant cells by means of chemically labeled ligands. We summarize and compare various chemical strategies from the mammalian field that can be employed to extend our understanding of the plant receptor kinase functions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Sharma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
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39
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Vukašinović N, Russinova E. BRexit: Possible Brassinosteroid Export and Transport Routes. Trends Plant Sci 2018; 23:285-292. [PMID: 29463443 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The movement and differential distribution of endogenous plant hormones are the determining factors for many developmental processes. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of plant steroidal hormones that promote growth and development. Although synthesis and signalling of BRs are well described and characterized, the exit mechanism of these compounds from the cell remains uncharacterizd. Whether BRs are able to move within the apoplast and whether the BR synthesis in one cell can trigger the signalling in its neighbours is also unknown. Here, we draw the attention to these aspects of the BR biology, propose several BR cell export routes and discuss possible consequences of local BR hormonal gradients, resulting from localized biosynthesis and a short-distance transport, for plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Vukašinović
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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40
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Kvasnica M, Oklestkova J, Bazgier V, Rárová L, Korinkova P, Mikulík J, Budesinsky M, Béres T, Berka K, Lu Q, Russinova E, Strnad M. Design, synthesis and biological activities of new brassinosteroid analogues with a phenyl group in the side chain. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:8691-8701. [PMID: 27714217 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared and studied a series of new brassinosteroid derivatives with a p-substituted phenyl group in the side chain. To obtain the best comparison between molecular docking and biological activities both types of brassinosteroids were synthesized; 6-ketones, 10 examples, and B-lactones, 8 examples. The phenyl group was introduced into the steroid skeleton by Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons. The docking studies were carried out using AutoDock Vina 1.05. Plant biological activities were established using different brassinosteroid bioassays in comparison with natural brassinosteroids. Differences in the production of the plant hormone ethylene were also observed in etiolated pea seedlings after treatment with new brassinosteroids. The most active compounds were lactone 8f and 6-oxo derivatives 8c and 9c, their biological activities were comparable or even better than naturally occurring brassinolide. Finally the cytotoxicity of the new derivatives was studied using human normal and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kvasnica
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - J Oklestkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - V Bazgier
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic. and Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - L Rárová
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Korinkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - J Mikulík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - M Budesinsky
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Flemingovo n. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - T Béres
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - K Berka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic and Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1131, Olomouc CZ779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Plasma membrane-localized receptors are essential for cellular communication and signal transduction. In Arabidopsis thaliana, BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) is one of the receptors that is activated by binding to its ligand, the brassinosteroid (BR) hormone, at the cell surface to regulate diverse plant developmental processes. The availability of BRI1 in the plasma membrane is related to its signaling output and is known to be controlled by the dynamic endomembrane trafficking. Advances in fluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy techniques enabled us to gain a better understanding of plasma membrane receptor dynamics in living cells. Here we describe different quantitative microscopy methods to monitor the relative steady-state levels of the BRI1 protein in the plasma membrane of root epidermal cells and its relative exocytosis and recycling rates. The methods can be applied also to analyze similar dynamics of other plasma membrane-localized receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- VIB-Ghent University, Departments of Plant Systems Biology and Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052, Gent, Belgium.
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42
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Russinova E. Have plant cells been forgotten? J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/2/jcs214981. [PMID: 29378841 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium .,VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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43
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Abstract
Protein aggregation is determined by 5-15 amino acids peptides of the target protein sequence, so-called aggregation-prone regions (APRs) that specifically self-associate to form β-structured inclusions. The presence of APRs in a target protein can be predicted by a dedicated algorithm, such as TANGO. Synthetic aggregation-prone proteins are designed by expressing specific APRs fused to a fluorescent carrier for stability and visualization. Previously, the stable expression of these proteins in Zea mays (maize) has been demonstrated to induce aggregation of target proteins with specific localization, such as the starch-degrading enzyme α-glucan water dikinase, giving rise to plants displaying knockdown phenotypes. Here, we describe how to design synthetic aggregation-prone proteins to harness the sequence specificity of APRs to generate aggregation-associated phenotypes in a targeted manner and in different subcellular compartments. This method points toward the application of induced targeted aggregation as a useful tool to knock down protein functions in maize and to generate crops with improved traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Betti
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Gent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Gent, Belgium
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44
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Russinova E, Schumacher K. Editorial overview: Cell biology: Membrane dynamics - being at the right place at the right time. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2017; 40:iii-iv. [PMID: 29129464 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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45
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de Marcos A, Houbaert A, Triviño M, Delgado D, Martín-Trillo M, Russinova E, Fenoll C, Mena M. A Mutation in the bHLH Domain of the SPCH Transcription Factor Uncovers a BR-Dependent Mechanism for Stomatal Development. Plant Physiol 2017; 174:823-842. [PMID: 28507175 PMCID: PMC5462054 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric cell divisions necessary for stomatal lineage initiation and progression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) require the function of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH). Mutants lacking SPCH do not produce stomata or lineages. Here, we isolated a new spch-5 allele carrying a point mutation in the bHLH domain that displayed normal growth, but had an extremely low number of sometimes clustered stomata in the leaves, whereas the hypocotyls did not have any stomata. In vivo tracking of leaf epidermal cell divisions, combined with marker lines and genetic analysis, showed that the spch-5 leaf phenotype is dosage dependent and results from the decreased ability to initiate and amplify lineages, defects in asymmetric cell fate allocation, and misorientation of asymmetric division planes. Notably, application of brassinosteroids (BRs) partly rescued the stomatal leaf phenotype of spch-5 Transcriptomic analysis combining spch-5 with BR treatments revealed that the expression of a set of SPCH target genes was restored by BRs. Our results also show that BR-dependent stomata formation and expression of some, but not all, SPCH target genes require the integrity of the bHLH domain of SPCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto de Marcos
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Anaxi Houbaert
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Magdalena Triviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Dolores Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Mar Martín-Trillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Carmen Fenoll
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
| | - Montaña Mena
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain (A.d.M., M.T., D.D., M.M.-T., C.F., M.M.); Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.); and Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (A.H., E.R.)
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46
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Dejonghe W, Russinova E. Plant Chemical Genetics: From Phenotype-Based Screens to Synthetic Biology. Plant Physiol 2017; 174:5-20. [PMID: 28275150 PMCID: PMC5411137 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of a biological system with small molecules to specifically perturb cellular functions is commonly referred to as chemical biology. Small molecules are used commercially as drugs, herbicides, and fungicides in different systems, but in recent years they are increasingly exploited as tools for basic research. For instance, chemical genetics involves the discovery of small-molecule effectors of various cellular functions through screens of compound libraries. Whereas the drug discovery field has largely been driven by target-based screening approaches followed by drug optimization, chemical genetics in plant systems tends to be fueled by more general phenotype-based screens, opening the possibility to identify a wide range of small molecules that are not necessarily directly linked to the process of interest. Here, we provide an overview of the current progress in chemical genetics in plants, with a focus on the discoveries regarding small molecules identified in screens designed with a basic biology perspective. We reflect on the possibilities that lie ahead and discuss some of the potential pitfalls that might be encountered upon adopting a given chemical genetics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Dejonghe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R); and
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R.)
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R); and
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R.)
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47
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Dejonghe W, Kuenen S, Mylle E, Vasileva M, Keech O, Viotti C, Swerts J, Fendrych M, Ortiz-Morea FA, Mishev K, Delang S, Scholl S, Zarza X, Heilmann M, Kourelis J, Kasprowicz J, Nguyen LSL, Drozdzecki A, Van Houtte I, Szatmári AM, Majda M, Baisa G, Bednarek SY, Robert S, Audenaert D, Testerink C, Munnik T, Van Damme D, Heilmann I, Schumacher K, Winne J, Friml J, Verstreken P, Russinova E. Mitochondrial uncouplers inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis largely through cytoplasmic acidification. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11710. [PMID: 27271794 PMCID: PMC4899852 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP production requires the establishment of an electrochemical proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial uncouplers dissipate this proton gradient and disrupt numerous cellular processes, including vesicular trafficking, mainly through energy depletion. Here we show that Endosidin9 (ES9), a novel mitochondrial uncoupler, is a potent inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in different systems and that ES9 induces inhibition of CME not because of its effect on cellular ATP, but rather due to its protonophore activity that leads to cytoplasm acidification. We show that the known tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostinA23, which is routinely used to block CME, displays similar properties, thus questioning its use as a specific inhibitor of cargo recognition by the AP-2 adaptor complex via tyrosine motif-based endocytosis signals. Furthermore, we show that cytoplasm acidification dramatically affects the dynamics and recruitment of clathrin and associated adaptors, and leads to reduction of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate from the plasma membrane. Plant cells maintain strict proton gradients over different membranes. Here, Dejonghe et al. show that several protonophores, including the known tyrosine kinase inhibitor TyrphostinA23, inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis by disturbing these gradients and causing cytoplasmic acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Dejonghe
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Sabine Kuenen
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Laboratory of Neuronal Communication, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department for Human Genetics, and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Mylle
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Mina Vasileva
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Olivier Keech
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Corrado Viotti
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jef Swerts
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Laboratory of Neuronal Communication, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department for Human Genetics, and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Fausto Andres Ortiz-Morea
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Kiril Mishev
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Simon Delang
- Developmental Biology of Plants, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Scholl
- Developmental Biology of Plants, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xavier Zarza
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mareike Heilmann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Jiorgos Kourelis
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaroslaw Kasprowicz
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Laboratory of Neuronal Communication, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department for Human Genetics, and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Isabelle Van Houtte
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Anna-Mária Szatmári
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Mateusz Majda
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gary Baisa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - Stéphanie Robert
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Christa Testerink
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Munnik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ingo Heilmann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Developmental Biology of Plants, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johan Winne
- Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Patrik Verstreken
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Laboratory of Neuronal Communication, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department for Human Genetics, and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
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Betti C, Vanhoutte I, Coutuer S, De Rycke R, Mishev K, Vuylsteke M, Aesaert S, Rombaut D, Gallardo R, De Smet F, Xu J, Van Lijsebettens M, Van Breusegem F, Inzé D, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, Russinova E. Sequence-Specific Protein Aggregation Generates Defined Protein Knockdowns in Plants. Plant Physiol 2016; 171:773-87. [PMID: 27208282 PMCID: PMC4902617 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is determined by short (5-15 amino acids) aggregation-prone regions (APRs) of the polypeptide sequence that self-associate in a specific manner to form β-structured inclusions. Here, we demonstrate that the sequence specificity of APRs can be exploited to selectively knock down proteins with different localization and function in plants. Synthetic aggregation-prone peptides derived from the APRs of either the negative regulators of the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling, the glycogen synthase kinase 3/Arabidopsis SHAGGY-like kinases (GSK3/ASKs), or the starch-degrading enzyme α-glucan water dikinase were designed. Stable expression of the APRs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and maize (Zea mays) induced aggregation of the target proteins, giving rise to plants displaying constitutive BR responses and increased starch content, respectively. Overall, we show that the sequence specificity of APRs can be harnessed to generate aggregation-associated phenotypes in a targeted manner in different subcellular compartments. This study points toward the potential application of induced targeted aggregation as a useful tool to knock down protein functions in plants and, especially, to generate beneficial traits in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Betti
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Isabelle Vanhoutte
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Silvie Coutuer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Kiril Mishev
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Marnik Vuylsteke
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Stijn Aesaert
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Debbie Rombaut
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Rodrigo Gallardo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Frederik De Smet
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Mieke Van Lijsebettens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium (C.B., I.V., S.C., R.D.R., K.M., S.A., D.R., M.V.L., F.V.B., D.I., E.R.);Switch Laboratory, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S.);Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (R.G., F.D.S., J.X., F.R., J.S); andGnomixx, 9000 Gent, Belgium (M.V.)
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49
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Luo Y, Scholl S, Doering A, Zhang Y, Irani NG, Rubbo SD, Neumetzler L, Krishnamoorthy P, Van Houtte I, Mylle E, Bischoff V, Vernhettes S, Winne J, Friml J, Stierhof YD, Schumacher K, Persson S, Russinova E. V-ATPase activity in the TGN/EE is required for exocytosis and recycling in Arabidopsis. Nat Plants 2015; 1:15094. [PMID: 27250258 PMCID: PMC4905525 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) activity acidifies both the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) and the vacuole. This dual V-ATPase function has impeded our understanding of how the pH homeostasis within the plant TGN/EE controls exo- and endocytosis. Here, we show that the weak V-ATPase mutant deetiolated3 (det3) displayed a pH increase in the TGN/EE, but not in the vacuole, strongly impairing secretion and recycling of the brassinosteroid receptor and the cellulose synthase complexes to the plasma membrane, in contrast to mutants lacking tonoplast-localized V-ATPase activity only. The brassinosteroid insensitivity and the cellulose deficiency defects in det3 were tightly correlated with reduced Golgi and TGN/EE motility. Thus, our results provide strong evidence that acidification of the TGN/EE, but not of the vacuole, is indispensable for functional secretion and recycling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Scholl
- Developmental Biology of Plants, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anett Doering
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yi Zhang
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Niloufer G. Irani
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Simone Di Rubbo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Lutz Neumetzler
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Isabelle Van Houtte
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Mylle
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Volker Bischoff
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, 78000 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech,Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Samantha Vernhettes
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, 78000 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech,Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Johan Winne
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry Research Group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - York-Dieter Stierhof
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Developmental Biology of Plants, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- , , and
| | - Staffan Persson
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- , , and
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- , , and
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50
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Vriet C, Lemmens K, Vandepoele K, Reuzeau C, Russinova E. Evolutionary trails of plant steroid genes. Trends Plant Sci 2015; 20:301-308. [PMID: 25861757 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant steroids - brassinosteroids (BRs) and their precursors, phytosterols - play a major role in plant growth, development, stress tolerance, and have high potential for agricultural applications. Currently, this prospect is limited by a lack of information about their evolution and expression dynamics (spatial and temporal) across plant species. The increasing number of sequenced genomes offers an opportunity for evolutionary studies that might help to prioritize functional analyses with the aim to improve crop yield and stress tolerance. In this review we provide a glimpse of the origin, evolution, and functional conservation of phytosterol and BR genes in the green plant lineage using comparative sequence and expression analyses of publicly available datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Vriet
- CropDesign N.V., a BASF Plant Science company, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Lemmens
- CropDesign N.V., a BASF Plant Science company, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Klaas Vandepoele
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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