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Srajer A, Roychoudhury S, Tang S, Hasan SU, Momin S, Hendson L, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K. Postnatal acetaminophen exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18-21 months corrected gestational age in preterm infants <29 weeks gestation: a retrospective cohort study. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02901-x. [PMID: 38057580 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02901-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported prenatal acetaminophen exposure is associated with abnormal neurodevelopment. There is limited and conflicting data on neurodevelopmental outcomes following postnatal acetaminophen exposure. Our objective was to investigate the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants < 29 weeks gestation postnatally exposed to acetaminophen. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of infants born between 2008 and 2017 at a tertiary care perinatal center. Exclusion criteria included chromosomal disorders, major congenital abnormalities, and congenital infections. The primary outcome was a composite score of <85 on the cognitive, language, or motor components of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition, assessed at 18 to 21 months corrected gestational age. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess confounders. RESULTS Of the 945 infants included in the study, 120 were in the acetaminophen group. There was no difference in any of Bayley-III cognitive, language or motor composite scores of < 85 between the two groups for postnatal acetaminophen exposure, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) 1.03, 95% CI 0.60-1.78, or days of acetaminophen use, aORs 1.10, 95% CI 0.93-1.29. CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in neurodevelopmental outcome between the acetaminophen exposed and non-exposed groups. Our results need validation in larger cohorts. IMPACT Animal research and cohort studies have suggested that prenatal acetaminophen exposure may be associated with an elevated risk of neurobehavioral abnormalities. However, there is limited and conflicting research on the impact of postnatal acetaminophen on neurodevelopment. The results of this study suggest that postnatal acetaminophen does not negatively impact neurodevelopment at 18 to 21 months in preterm infants born at <29 weeks gestational age. While these results need validation in larger and more longitudinal studies, this study provides reassurance for the use of postnatal acetaminophen in extremely preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Srajer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Shabih U Hasan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sarfaraz Momin
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Leonora Hendson
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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2
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Yusuf K, Francescato G. Nutrition with a patent ductus arteriosus: feast, feed, or famine? Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02861-2. [PMID: 37857849 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Rm 273, Heritage Medical Research Building, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Gaia Francescato
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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3
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Momin S, Thomas S, Zein H, Scott JN, Leijser LM, Vayalthrikovil S, Yusuf K, Paul R, Howlett A, Mohammad K. Comparing Three Methods of Therapeutic Hypothermia Among Transported Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023; 13:141-148. [PMID: 36961391 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2022.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and associated multiorgan injury are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in term and near-term neonates. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the current standard of care for neuroprotection in neonates with HIE. In our experience, the majority of babies born with HIE were found in nontertiary care facilities in our region, where effective methods of cooling during transport to tertiary care centers are desirable. Most centers initiate passive TH at referral hospitals, while active cooling is typically initiated during transport. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three methods of cooling during transport of neonates with HIE in southern Alberta. In this prospective cohort study, 186 neonates with HIE were transported between January 2013 and December 2021. Among the 186 neonates, 47 were passively cooled, 36 actively cooled with gel packs, and 103 cooled with a servo-controlled cooling device. The clinical characteristics were comparable for the three groups, with no difference in adverse events. Fifteen neonates (8%) died and 54 neonates (29%) suffered radiologically determined brain injury. Servo-controlled cooling was found to be superior to other methods in maintaining a target temperature without significant fluctuation during transport and with temperature in the target range on arrival at tertiary care facilities. The rate of overcooling was also lower in the servo-controlled group compared with other groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in relation to mortality and brain MRI changes associated with HIE. Adjusting for GA, 10-minute Apgar score, base excess, HIE stage, and need for intubation during transport, passive cooling increased the odds of temperature fluctuation outside the range by 12-fold and gel pack cooling by 13-fold compared with servo-controlled cooling. The use of servo-controlled TH devices should be the preferred practice wherever feasible. (REB17-1334_REN3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz Momin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sumesh Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hussein Zein
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - James N Scott
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lara M Leijser
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sakeer Vayalthrikovil
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Renee Paul
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Alexandra Howlett
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Khorshid Mohammad
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Alshaikh BN, Reyes Loredo A, Yusuf K, Maarouf A, Fenton TR, Momin S. Enteral long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and necrotizing enterocolitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:918-929. [PMID: 37137615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm infants are at risk of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) deficiency. Recent studies on high-dose DHA; n-3 LCPUFA in preterm infants suggested potential positive effects on cognitive outcomes but raised concerns about some increased neonatal morbidities. These studies and recent recommendations for DHA supplementation generated controversy owing to the lack of balance between DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA; n-6 LCPUFA). OBJECTIVES To identify the effect of enteral supplementation of DHA, with and without ARA, on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very preterm infants. METHODS A systematic review of randomized and controlled trials compared enteral LCPUFAs with placebo or no supplementation in very preterm infants. We searched PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and CINHAL databases from inception to July 2022. Data were extracted in duplicate using a structured proforma. A meta-analysis and metaregression with random-effects models were used. The interventions evaluated were DHA alone vs. that combined with ARA, source of DHA, dose, and supplement delivery methods. Methodological qualities and risk of bias were assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. RESULTS Fifteen randomized clinical trials (RCTs) included 3963 very preterm infants with 217 cases of NEC. Supplementation with DHA alone increased NEC (2620 infants; RR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.39) with no evidence of heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.46). Multiple metaregression revealed significant reduction in NEC when ARA was supplemented with DHA (aRR 0.42; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.88). The source of DHA, dose, and feeding type revealed no associations with NEC. Two RCTs supplemented high-dose DHA to lactating mothers. There was a significant increase in risk of NEC with this approach (1148 infants; RR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.02, 3.61) with no evidence of heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0, P = 0.81). CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with DHA alone may increase risk of NEC. Concurrent supplementation with ARA needs to be considered when adding DHA to preterm infants' diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal N Alshaikh
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada.
| | - Adriana Reyes Loredo
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Ahmed Maarouf
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Tanis R Fenton
- Community Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada; Nutrition Services, Alberta Health Services, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Sarfaraz Momin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
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Olasehinde O, Adesunkanmi A, Aaron AO, Adetoye AO, Talabi A, Olateju SOA, Ojumu TA, Adam MS, Babade RK, Mohammed TO, Aderounmu AA, Mustapha B, Ojeyemi P, Yusuf K, Adejumo OE, Badru KN, Soji-Adereti J, Adeyemo A, Olowookere AS, Amusa YB, Adegbehingbe OO, Adegbehingbe BO, Sowande OA. Addressing Unmet Surgical Needs in an Underserved Nigerian Community: Report of a 'Town and Gown' Initiative. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:25-29. [PMID: 36716240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to quality and timely care prevents unnecessary deaths and morbidity from potentially curable surgical diseases. This study describes the magnitude of unmet surgical needs in a Nigerian community and describes the experiences garnered during a surgical outreach organized by a tertiary institution in an underserved community. METHODS This is a descriptive study highlighting details of a surgical outreach to a community in south-Western part of Nigeria. The project was based on a collaboration between a University Teaching Hospital (gown) and the community (town). Details of the patients' demographic and disease characteristics as well as barriers to seeking medical care were obtained. The operational workflow, treatment offered, and outcomes are highlighted. Results are presented as descriptive statistics. RESULTS Over a two-day period, 83 out of 3,056 patients who were screened had surgically treatable conditions (2.7%), predominantly hernias (37, 46.6%), goitres (13, 15.7%) and soft tissue swellings (9, 10.8%). The majority were adults (56, 67.5%) while 27 (32.5%) were in the paediatric age group. The mean duration of symptoms was 8.64 months ± 9.5 months. About half of the patients (46.9%) had never visited a medical facility on account of their index illnesses. Lack of funds was cited by many patients as the main reason for having not presented at a hospital. Sixty-three surgical operations were performed with no peri-operative adverse events. CONCLUSION Lack of financial access was the major barrier to surgical care in the sampled community. Moving from 'gown to town' helped address a significant proportion of the unmet needs over a relatively short period. Tertiary hospitals can provide surgical oversight to communities within their jurisdiction using this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Olasehinde
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.,Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A Adesunkanmi
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A O Aaron
- Department of Anaesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A O Adetoye
- Department of Anaesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A Talabi
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.,Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - S O A Olateju
- Department of Anaesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - T A Ojumu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - M S Adam
- Department of Anaesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - R K Babade
- Department of Anaesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - T O Mohammed
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A A Aderounmu
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - B Mustapha
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - P Ojeyemi
- Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - K Yusuf
- Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - K N Badru
- Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - J Soji-Adereti
- Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A Adeyemo
- Department of Orthorhinolaryngology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A S Olowookere
- Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Y B Amusa
- Department of Orthorhinolaryngology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - O O Adegbehingbe
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - B O Adegbehingbe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - O A Sowande
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.,Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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Gurram Venkata SKR, Bansal N, Al Awad E, Yusuf K. Classic metaphyseal lesion: A rare presentation in an extreme preterm neonate. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2022; 15:867-870. [PMID: 35811544 DOI: 10.3233/npm-220999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Classic metaphyseal lesions (CML) or bucket handle fractures are usually associated with child abuse or non-accidental injury. The most common sites affected are the distal femur, proximal and distal tibia, and proximal humerus. Few case reports documented its association with difficult extraction at delivery in term large for gestational age (LGA) neonates. We present a case of CML in an extremely preterm neonate following abnormal presentation and difficult cesarean delivery. Management of CML is usually conservative, and fractures heal without any deformities. Thorough history taking is essential in the diagnosis of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Bansal
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Essa Al Awad
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Espinoza ML, Brundler MA, Hasan SU, Mohammad K, Momin S, Al Shaikh B, Yusuf K. Placental pathology as a marker of brain injury in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Early Hum Dev 2022; 174:105683. [PMID: 36215816 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2022.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) can lead to devastating consequences for the affected infant. Although therapeutic cooling benefits infants with moderate and severe HIE, differentiating mild from moderate-severe HIE may be challenging. The placenta reflects the fetal intrauterine environment and may reveal underlying processes that affect brain injury. AIM To describe placental histopathology using the Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Criteria in different grades of HIE. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SUBJECTS Infants admitted to a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit with a diagnosis of HIE between 2011 and 2016. OUTCOME MEASURE Maternal and neonatal clinical variables and placental histopathology using the Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Criteria were compared between mild and moderate-severe HIE. Mann-Whitney or t-test or ꭓ2 were performed for bivariate associations as appropriate. To explain the relationship between placental pathology and severity of HIE odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models. RESULTS Of the 73 infants in the study, 23 had mild and 50 moderate-sever HIE. There was no difference in maternal and neonatal characteristics except for sentinel events which were higher in the moderate- severe group. On placental histopathology, acute inflammation, including fetal inflammatory reaction (FIR) were significantly higher in the moderate-severe group. After adjusting for confounders, FIR remained significantly associated with moderate-severe HIE, ORs 6.29, 95 % CI 1.5-25. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates FIR in the placenta is associated with severity of HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Liza Espinoza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Brundler
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shabih U Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Khorshid Mohammad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sarfaraz Momin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Belal Al Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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8
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Rustogi D, Yusuf K. Use of Albumin in the NICU: An Evidence-based Review. Neoreviews 2022; 23:e625-e634. [PMID: 36047753 DOI: 10.1542/neo.23-9-e625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant protein in human blood with distinctive functions throughout the human body. Low albumin levels are a predictor of mortality as well as disease outcome in children and adults. However, the clinical significance of hypoalbuminemia and the role of albumin infusions in NICUs remain unclear and controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Rustogi
- Department of Neonatology & Pediatrics, Yashoda Superspeciality Hospital, Kaushambi, Ghaziabad, UP, India
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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9
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Guillot M, Synnes A, Pronovost E, Qureshi M, Daboval T, Caouette G, Olivier F, Bartholomew J, Mohamed I, Massé E, Afifi J, Hendson L, Lemyre B, Luu TM, Strueby L, Cieslak Z, Yusuf K, Pelligra G, Ducruet T, Ndiaye ABKT, Angoa G, Sériès T, Piedboeuf B, Nuyt AM, Fraser W, Mâsse B, Lacaze-Masmonteil T, Lavoie PM, Marc I. Maternal High-Dose DHA Supplementation and Neurodevelopment at 18-22 Months of Preterm Children. Pediatrics 2022; 150:188230. [PMID: 35652296 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-055819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether maternal supplementation with high-dose docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in breastfed, very preterm neonates improves neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months' corrected age (CA). METHODS Planned follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial to compare neurodevelopmental outcomes in breastfed, preterm neonates born before 29 weeks' gestational age (GA). Lactating mothers were randomized to receive either DHA-rich algae oil or a placebo within 72 hours of delivery until 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development third edition (Bayley-III) at 18 to 22 months' CA. Planned subgroup analyses were conducted for GA (<27 vs ≥27 weeks' gestation) and sex. RESULTS Among the 528 children enrolled, 457 (86.6%) had outcomes available at 18 to 22 months' CA (DHA, N = 234, placebo, N = 223). The mean differences in Bayley-III between children in the DHA and placebo groups were -0.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] -3.23 to 3.10, P = .97) for cognitive score, 2.36 (95% CI -1.14 to 5.87, P = .19) for language score, and 1.10 (95% CI -2.01 to 4.20, P = .49) for motor score. The association between treatment and the Bayley-III language score was modified by GA at birth (interaction P = .07). Neonates born <27 weeks' gestation exposed to DHA performed better on the Bayley-III language score, compared with the placebo group (mean difference 5.06, 95% CI 0.08-10.03, P = .05). There was no interaction between treatment group and sex. CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA supplementation did not improve neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months' CA in breastfed, preterm neonates, but subgroup analyses suggested a potential benefit for language in preterm neonates born before 27 weeks' GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Guillot
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Synnes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Etienne Pronovost
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mosarrat Qureshi
- Division of Neonatology, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thierry Daboval
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Georges Caouette
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Julie Bartholomew
- Department of Neonatology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Edith Massé
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Sherbrooke, Hôpital Fleurimont, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jehier Afifi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Novia Scotia, Canada
| | - Leonora Hendson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | - Brigitte Lemyre
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lannae Strueby
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Zenon Cieslak
- Department of Pediatrics, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gustavo Pelligra
- Department of Maternity Care & Pediatrics, Victoria General Hospital, Island Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thierry Ducruet
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Appliquée, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Georgina Angoa
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thibaut Sériès
- School of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Piedboeuf
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec Canada
| | - Benoît Mâsse
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Appliquée, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | - Pascal M Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Isabelle Marc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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Alshaikh B, Yusuf K, Dressler-Mund D, Mehrem AA, Augustine S, Bodani J, Yoon E, Shah P. Rates and Determinants of Home Nasogastric Tube Feeding in Infants Born Very Preterm. J Pediatr 2022; 246:26-33.e2. [PMID: 35301017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine rates and determinants of home nasogastric (NG)-tube feeding at hospital discharge in a cohort of very preterm infants within the Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN). STUDY DESIGN This was a population-based cohort study of infants born <33 weeks of gestation and admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) participating in the CNN between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. We excluded infants who had major congenital anomalies, required gastrostomy-tube, or were discharged to non-CNN facilities. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent determinants of home NG-tube feeding at hospital discharge. RESULTS Among the 13 232 infants born very preterm during the study period, 333 (2.5%) were discharged home to receive NG-tube feeding. Rates of home NG-tube feeding varied across Canadian NICUs, from 0% to 12%. Determinants of home NG-tube feeding were gestational age (aOR 0.94 per each gestational week increase, 95% CI 0.88-0.99); duration of mechanical ventilation (aOR 1.02 per each day increase, 95% CI 1.01-1.02); high illness severity at birth (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.74); small for gestational age (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.52-2.78); male sex (aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.49-0.77); severe brain injury (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.10-2.32); and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (aOR 2.22, 95% CI 1.67-2.94). CONCLUSIONS Rates of home NG-tube feeding varied widely between Canadian NICUs. Higher gestational age and male sex reduced the odds of discharge home to receive NG-tube feeding; and in contrast small for gestational age, severe brain injury, prolonged duration on mechanical ventilation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia increased the odds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal Alshaikh
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donna Dressler-Mund
- Occupational Therapy, Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayman Abou Mehrem
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sajit Augustine
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Section of Neonatology, Windsor Regional Hospital, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jaya Bodani
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina General Hospital, Regina and College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Eugene Yoon
- Maternal-infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prakesh Shah
- Maternal-infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ndiaye AB, Mohamed I, Pronovost E, Angoa G, Piedboeuf B, Lemyre B, Afifi J, Qureshi M, Sériès T, Guillot M, Simonyan D, Yusuf K, Lavoie PM, Fraser WD, Mâsse B, Nuyt AM, Lacaze‐Masmonteil T, Marc I. Use of SMOF Lipid Emulsion in Very Preterm Infants Does Not Affect the Incidence of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia‐Free Survival. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2022; 46:1892-1902. [DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Pediatrics Université de Montréal, CHU Sainte‐Justine Montréal Canada
| | - Etienne Pronovost
- Department of Pediatrics CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec Canada
| | - Georgina Angoa
- Department of Pediatrics CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec Canada
| | - Bruno Piedboeuf
- Department of Pediatrics CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec Canada
| | - Brigitte Lemyre
- Division of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Ottawa Canada
| | - Jehier Afifi
- Department of Pediatrics Dalhousie University Halifax Canada
| | - Mosarrat Qureshi
- Division of Neonatology Royal Alexandra Hospital Edmonton Canada
| | - Thibaut Sériès
- School of Psychology Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières, Trois‐Rivières Canada
| | - Mireille Guillot
- Department of Pediatrics CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec Canada
| | - David Simonyan
- Clinical and Evaluative Research Platform, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada
| | - Pascal M. Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | - William D. Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Centre de recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada
| | - Benoît Mâsse
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Appliquée, CHU Sainte‐Justine Montréal Canada
- School of Public Health Université de Montréal, Montréal Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics Université de Montréal, CHU Sainte‐Justine Montréal Canada
| | - Thierry Lacaze‐Masmonteil
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Medical Centre University of Calgary Calgary Canada
| | - Isabelle Marc
- Department of Pediatrics CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec Canada
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Alshaikh B, Abo Zeed M, Yusuf K, Guin M, Fenton T. Effect of enteral zinc supplementation on growth and neurodevelopment of preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Perinatol 2022; 42:430-439. [PMID: 34006967 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-021-01094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effect of enteral zinc supplementation on growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) examining growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes after zinc supplementation in preterm infants. RESULTS Of eight RCTs involving 742 infants included, seven reported growth anthropometrics at 3-6 months corrected age (CA) and two reported neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6-12 months CA. Zinc supplementation was associated with increased weight z-score (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.50; 95% CI 0.23-0.76, heterogeneity I2 = 89.1%; P < 0.01), length z-score (WMD = 1.12; 95% CI 0.63-1.61, heterogeneity I2 = 96.0%; P < 0.01) and motor developmental score (WMD = 9.54; 95% CI 6.6-12.4 heterogeneity I2 = 0%; P = 0.52). There was no effect on head circumference and total developmental score. Evidence is "moderate" certainty for weight and length and "very low" certainty for neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation may enhance weight gain and linear growth in preterm infants. There is a lack of data about relationship between zinc supplementation and neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal Alshaikh
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Community Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | | | - Kamran Yusuf
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Madhusudan Guin
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tanis Fenton
- Community Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Nutrition Services, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
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FIKRY A, Rasyid H, Bakri S, Kasim H, Zatalia S, Machmud N, Albaar A, Albaar M, Khaerunnisa K, Yusuf K, Fitriani N. POS-010 PURPLE URINE BAG SYNDROME IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: REPORT OF TWO CASES. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess the effect of the lockdown measures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pregnancy outcomes of women who were not affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. STUDY DESIGN We used data from the perinatal health program and neonatal databases to conduct a cohort analysis of pregnancy outcomes during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Calgary region, Canada. Rates of preterm birth were compared between the lockdown period (March 16 to June 15, 2020) and the corresponding pre-COVID period of 2015 to 2019. We also compared maternal and neonatal characteristics of preterm infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Calgary between the two periods. FINDINGS A total of 4,357 and 24,160 live births occurred in the lockdown and corresponding pre-COVID period, respectively. There were 366 (84.0 per 1,000 live births) and 2,240 (92.7 per 1,000 live births) preterm births in the lockdown and corresponding pre-COVID period, respectively (p = 0.07). Rates of very preterm and very-low-birth-weight births were lower in the lockdown period compared with the corresponding pre-COVID period (11.0 vs. 15.6 and 9.0 vs. 14.4 per 1,000 live births, p = 0.02 and p = 0.005, respectively). There was no difference in spontaneous stillbirth between the two periods (3.7 vs. 4.1 per 1,000 live birth, p = 0.71). During the lockdown period, the likelihood of multiple births was lower (risk ratio [RR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.88), while gestational hypertension and clinical chorioamnionitis increased (RR 1.24, 95%CI: 1.10-1.40; RR 1.33, 95%CI 1.10-1.61, respectively). CONCLUSION Observed rates of very preterm and very-low-birth-weight births decreased during the COVID-19 lockdown. Pregnant women who delivered during the lockdown period were diagnosed with gestational hypertension and chorioamnionitis more frequently than mothers in the corresponding pre-COVID period. KEY POINTS · Lockdown measures to reduce COVID-19 transmission were associated with a lower rate of preterm birth.. · Mental and physical wellbeing of pregnant women were significantly affected by the lockdown measures.. · A comprehensive public health plan to relieve psychosocial stress during pregnancy is required..
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Po-Yin Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nancy Soliman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Brundler
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Angoa G, Pronovost E, Ndiaye ABKT, Lavoie PM, Lemyre B, Mohamed I, Simonyan D, Qureshi M, Afifi J, Yusuf K, Sériès T, Guillot M, Piedboeuf B, Fraser WD, Nuyt AM, Mâsse B, Lacaze-Masmonteil T, Marc I. Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Very Preterm Infant Growth: Secondary Outcome of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Neonatology 2022; 119:377-385. [PMID: 35413719 DOI: 10.1159/000524147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation during lactation, compared with a placebo, on the neonatal growth profile of breastfed very preterm infants. METHODS Preterm infants' growth profile, growth velocity from birth to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA), and growth at 36 weeks' PMA were pre-specified secondary outcomes of a randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in 16 Canadian neonatal intensive care units (2015-2018). Lactating mothers who delivered before 29 weeks' gestation were given 1.2 g of DHA daily or a placebo within 72 h of delivery and up to 36 weeks' PMA. Analyses were performed using a linear regression model with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS 461 mothers and their 528 infants (DHA, N = 273; placebo, N = 255) were included with mean gestational age of 26.5 weeks (standard deviation [SD] = 1.6); 275 (52.1%) were males; mean birth weight was 895 g (SD = 240). DHA interaction with sex was significant on weight profile (interaction p < 0.001), weight velocity (interaction p = 0.05), and weight at 36 weeks' PMA (interaction p = 0.02). Females in the DHA group gained more weight compared to the placebo group (mean difference [MD], 52.6 g [95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.5-80.8], p < 0.001). Weight velocity was significantly higher in females of the DHA group (MD, 3.4 g/kg/day [95% CI: 0.6-6.2], p = 0.02). At 36 weeks' PMA, the weight of males in the DHA group was significantly smaller (MD, -88.9 g [95% CI: -166.2 to -11.6], p = 0.02). CONCLUSION DHA positively affected female infants' neonatal weight profile and velocity and negatively affected male infants' weight at 36 weeks' PMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Angoa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Etienne Pronovost
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Pascal M Lavoie
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brigitte Lemyre
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Simonyan
- Clinical and Evaluative Research Platform, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mosarrat Qureshi
- Division of Neonatology, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jehier Afifi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thibaut Sériès
- School of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Mireille Guillot
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Piedboeuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - William Donald Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoît Mâsse
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Appliquée, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Isabelle Marc
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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16
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Yusuf K, Samedi VM. Human tail. J Paediatr Child Health 2021; 57:1719. [PMID: 34596282 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.1_15401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Veronica M Samedi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Abstract
Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the short and long-term implications for maternal health being increasingly recognized. Yet the effects of preeclampsia on mental health are often overlooked, effects which can be evident both immediately postpartum and decades later. In particular, preeclampsia has been associated with increased risk and severity of cognitive impairment, psychosocial distress, and psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. While these outcomes are reported, few have proposed how the pathophysiology of preeclampsia may contribute to changes in postpartum mental health. Studies have suggested that anti-angiogenic factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines released from the preeclamptic placenta may damage the blood-brain barrier endothelium, leading to long-term structural and functional cerebral changes. These changes may contribute to subsequent impairments in mental health. In addition, the pro-inflammatory profile and patterns of cerebral damage observed in preeclampsia are similar to that of psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment, suggesting they may share common mechanisms. Yet, there is limited evidence on how these mechanisms may interact. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence for these pathophysiological mechanisms and propose how they may work synergistically to affect brain structure, cognition, and postpartum mental health in preeclampsia. The role of psychosocial factors, disease severity, and psychological treatment in the mental health of preeclampsia patients will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Srajer
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jo-Ann Johnson
- Section of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Schubert CL, Yusuf K. Serum levels of TGF-β1, cytokines, angiogenic, and anti-angiogenic factors in pregnant women who smoke. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 147:103351. [PMID: 34293588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women who smoke during pregnancy have a reduced risk of preeclampsia. The mechanism of this association is poorly understood. Preeclampsia is an anti-angiogenic and inflammatory state. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a multi-functional anti-inflammatory cytokine that activates membrane bound endoglin on endothelial cells causing a myriad of vascular actions including vasorelaxation. The objective of the study was to determine serum levels of cytokines, angiogenic factors, placental growth factor (PlGF), TGF-β-1 and anti-angiogenic factors, soluble endoglin (sEng) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor 1 (sVEGFR1) in smoking and non-smoking pregnant women. METHODS Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent and multiplex assays we prospectively analyzed serum levels of PIGF, TGF-β1, sEng, sVEGFR1 and cytokines in normotensive pregnant smokers and non-smokers. Exclusion criteria included maternal hypertension, autoimmune disorders, rupture of membranes, evidence of labor and drug use. RESULTS There were 59 women in the smoking and 66 in the non-smoking group. Compared to non-smoking mothers. maternal age was lower in smoking mothers with no significant difference in other demographic variables. There was no difference in levels of cytokines, anti-angiogenic factors and PlGF between the two groups. Median TGF-β1 levels were significantly higher in the smoking group (8120 pg/mL vs 6040 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and remained significant after controlling for confounders. TGF-β1 levels correlated positively with cotinine levels in the smoking group. CONCLUSIONS We speculate that higher TGF-β1 levels may explain the reduced incidence of preeclampsia in mothers who smoke by being available for action on maternal endothelium even after inactivation by circulating maternal sEng.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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19
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Rustogi D, Synnes A, Alshaikh B, Hasan S, Drolet C, Masse E, Murthy P, Shah PS, Yusuf K. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of singleton large for gestational age infants <29 weeks' gestation: a retrospective cohort study. J Perinatol 2021; 41:1313-1321. [PMID: 34035448 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-021-01080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes of large and appropriate for gestational age (LGA, AGA) infants <29 weeks' gestation at 18-24 months of corrected age. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study using the Canadian Neonatal Network and Canadian Neonatal Follow-Up Network databases. Primary outcome was a composite of death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI), defined as severe cerebral palsy, Bayley III cognitive, language and motor scores of <70, need for hearing aids or cochlear implant and bilateral visual impairment. Univariate and multivariable logistic analyses were applied for outcomes. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 170 LGA and 1738 AGA infants. There was no difference in significant NDI or individual components of the Bayley III between LGA and AGA groups. LGA was associated with the increased risk of death by follow-up, 44/170 (25.9%) vs. 320/1738 (18.4%) (aOR: 1.60 95% CI: 1.00-2.54). CONCLUSIONS Risk of NDI was similar between LGA and AGA infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Rustogi
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anne Synnes
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shabih Hasan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Edith Masse
- CHU de Sherbrooke, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Prashanth Murthy
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Alshaikh B, Yusuf K, Alburaki W. Reply. J Pediatr 2021; 232:311-312. [PMID: 33549552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belal Alshaikh
- Neonatal Nutrition and Gastroenterology Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Wissam Alburaki
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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21
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Alburaki W, Yusuf K, Dobry J, Sheinfeld R, Alshaikh B. High Early Parenteral Lipid in Very Preterm Infants: A Randomized-Controlled Trial. J Pediatr 2021; 228:16-23.e1. [PMID: 32798567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether high early parenteral soybean oil lipid intake in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in the first week after birth decreases the proportion of weight loss and subsequently the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR). STUDY DESIGN This was a randomized controlled trial of appropriate for gestational- ge VLBW infants. Lipid intake in the control group started at 0.5-1 g/kg per day and increased daily by 0.5-1 g/kg per day till reaching 3 g/kg per day. The intervention group was started on 2 g/kg per day that increased to 3 g/kg per day the following day. RESULTS Of the 176 infants assessed for eligibility, 83 were included in the trial. Infants in the intervention group were started on lipid sooner (13.8 ± 7.8 vs 17.5 ± 7.8 hour; P = .03) and had higher cumulative lipid intake in the first 7 days of age (13.5 ± 4.2 vs 10.9 ± 3.5 g/kg per day; P = .03). Infants in the intervention group had a lower percentage of weight loss (10.4 vs 12.7%; P = .02). The mean triglyceride level was higher in the intervention group (1.91 ± 0.79 vs 1.49 ± 0.54 mmol/L; P = .01), however, hypertriglyceridemia was similar between the 2 groups. The incidence of EUGR was lower in the intervention group (38.6% vs 67.6%; P = .01). Head circumference z score was higher in the intervention group (-1.09 ± 0.96 vs -1.59 ± 0.98; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS In VLBW infants, provision of a high early dose of parenteral lipid in the first week of age results in less weight loss and lower incidence of EUGR. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03594474.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Alburaki
- Neonatal Nutritional and Gastroenterology Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jenna Dobry
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rachel Sheinfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Neonatal Nutritional and Gastroenterology Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Hasan S, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K. Serum levels of soluble Fas and Fas ligand in pregnant women who smoke. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13382. [PMID: 33247994 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced incidence of preeclampsia. Mechanisms of this association are poorly understood. Cytokines, angiogenic, and anti-angiogenic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. During normal pregnancy, Fas ligand (FasL) present on trophoblasts induces apoptosis of Fas bearing maternal immune cells. In preeclampsia, trophoblasts show increased apoptosis with reduced expression of FasL. We determined serum levels of cytokines, angiogenic (placental growth factor), anti-angiogenic factors (soluble endoglin, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), soluble Fas (sFas), and soluble FasL (sFasL) in smoking and non-smoking pregnant women. METHODS Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent and multiplex assays, we prospectively analyzed serum levels of angiogenic, anti-angiogenic factors, cytokines, sFas and sFasL in normotensive smoking and non-smoking mothers. Exclusion criteria included maternal hypertension, auto-immune disorders, rupture of membranes, evidence of labor, and drug use. RESULTS Of 100 women recruited to the study, 51 were in the non-smoking and 49 in the smoking group. Except for lower maternal age in the smoking group, there was no difference in gestation, BMI, gravidity, or ethnicity between the two groups. Levels of angiogenic, anti-angiogenic factors, cytokines, and sFas were similar between the two groups but sFasL levels were significantly higher in smoking group (38 pg/ml vs. 16 pg/ml, p < .001) and remained significant after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates higher sFasL levels in pregnant women who smoke. Higher sFasL may explain the reduced incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant mothers who smoke by inducing apoptosis of immune cells which may otherwise induce trophoblast apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Leong A, Gordon A, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K, Dersch-Mills D. Osmolality of Medications Administered in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Can J Hosp Pharm 2020. [DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v73i4.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Leong A, Gordon A, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K, Dersch-Mills D. Osmolality of Medications Administered in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Can J Hosp Pharm 2020; 73:288-289. [PMID: 33100361 PMCID: PMC7556401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Leong
- Pharmacy Services, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, Saskatchewan
| | - Alison Gordon
- Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- The Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- The Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
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Alburaki W, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K. 39 Early Higher Parenteral Lipid Intake Decreases Extra-Uterine Growth Restriction in Very Low Birth weight Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Paediatr Child Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxaa068.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Approximately 43-65% of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants develop extra-uterine growth restriction (EUGR).
EUGR is associated with a significant increase in the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.
Inadequate early postnatal nutrition results in excessive weight loss that cannot be explained by the physiologic contraction of body water alone.
EUGR and postnatal growth failure are usually associated with negative early energy and nitrogen balance in the first week of life.
Growth trajectories after initial weight loss have similar slopes regardless of gestational age, which indicates that the early excessive weight loss is a lead cause for EUGR.
Objectives
To study whether an early and higher parenteral lipid intake in the first week after birth would decrease the percentage of weight loss and subsequently the incidence of EUGR.
Design/Methods
This was a randomized, open-label, control trial of appropriate-for-gestational age VLBW infants admitted to our level III NICU.
Lipid intake in the control group started at 0.5-1 g/kg/day and was increased daily by 0.5-1 g/kg/day until 3 g/kg/day was reached.
The intervention group was started on 2 g/kg/day then increased to 3 g/kg/day the following day.
Triglyceride levels were measured the day after the start and after each increase in lipid intake.
Results
Among the 176 infants assessed for eligibility, eighty-three were included in the trial.
There were no significant differences between the control and the intervention group in mean gestational age (27.3 ± 2.4 vs. 27.1 ± 2.3 weeks respectively) or birth weight (1011 ± 250 vs. 1019 ± 271 g respectively).
Infants in the intervention group were started on lipid earlier (13.8±7.8 vs. 17.5±7.8 h; p=0.03) and had higher cumulative lipid intake in the first 7 days of age (13.5±4.2 vs. 10.9±3.5 g/kg; p=0.004) that led to a protein to energy ratio; closer to the recommended values.
Total fluid intake was similar between the two groups.
Infants in the intervention group had a lower percentage of weight loss (10.4±3.6 vs. 12.7±4.6; p=0.02).
The mean triglyceride level was higher in the intervention group (1.91± 0.79 vs. 1.49±0.54 mmol/L; p= 0.01), however, hypertriglyceridemia was similar between the two groups at 2 and 3 g/kg/day of lipid intake. Enteral energy and protein intake calculated weekly between the time of parenteral nutrition discontinuation and 36 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA) were similar between the 2 groups.
EUGR at 36 weeks CGA was significantly lower in the intervention group (38.6% vs. 67.6%; p=0.01).
Conclusion
In VLBW infants, the provision of an early and higher dose of parenteral lipid in the first week of life results in less weight loss and lower incidence of EUGR.
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Abstract
Fetal Doppler ultrasonography provides an effective and noninvasive approach to identify circulatory abnormalities in the maternal-fetal circulation. It is invaluable to assess the hemodynamic status of the fetus under a wide range of physiologic, infectious, and abnormal anatomic conditions. Findings from these studies are often used to make clinical decisions, including whether to proceed with urgent delivery of the fetus. In this review, we focus on key literature describing the main uses of Doppler ultrasonography in neonatal medicine, including how abnormal findings may be implicated in immediate and long-term outcomes. Our review highlights the importance of fetal Doppler examination as an effective intrauterine management strategy, and its full potential is more likely to be realized when considered in context with other available clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Narendran
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary and Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary and Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Mineyko A, Nettel-Aguirre A, de Jesus P, Benseler S, Yusuf K, Narendran A, Kirton A. Association of neonatal inflammatory markers and perinatal stroke subtypes. Neurology 2020; 95:e1163-e1173. [PMID: 32727836 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between neonatal inflammatory cytokines and perinatal stroke using a systems biology approach analyzing serum and blood-spot cytokines from 47 patients. METHODS This was a population-based, controlled cohort study with prospective and retrospective case ascertainment. Participants were recruited through the Alberta Perinatal Stroke Project. Stroke was classified as neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS), arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke (APPIS), or periventricular venous infarction (PVI). Biosamples were stored blood spots (retrospective) and acute serum (prospective). Controls had comparable gestational and maternal ages. Sixty-five cytokines were measured (Luminex). Hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to create heat maps. The Fisher linear discriminant analysis was used to create projection models to determine discriminatory boundaries between stroke types and controls. RESULTS A total of 197 participants were analyzed (27 with NAIS, 8 with APPIS, 12 with PVI, 150 controls). Cytokines were quantifiable with quality control measures satisfied (standards testing, decay analysis). Linear discriminant analysis had high accuracy in using cytokine profiles to separate groups. Profiles in participants with PVI and controls were similar. NAIS separation was accurate (sensitivity 77%, specificity 97%). APPIS mapping was also distinguishable from NAIS (sensitivity 86%, specificity 99%). Classification tree analysis generated similar diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Unique inflammatory biomarker signatures are associated with specific perinatal stroke diseases. Findings support an acquired pathophysiology and suggest the possibility that at-risk pregnancies might be identified to develop prevention strategies. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that differences in acute neonatal serum cytokine profiles can discriminate between patients with specific perinatal stroke diseases and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mineyko
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Alberto Nettel-Aguirre
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pauline de Jesus
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susanne Benseler
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aru Narendran
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (A.M., A.N.-A., S.B., K.Y., A.N., A.K.), Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.d.J., A.K.), and Community Health Sciences (A.N.-A.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Marc I, Piedboeuf B, Lacaze-Masmonteil T, Fraser W, Mâsse B, Mohamed I, Qureshi M, Afifi J, Lemyre B, Caouette G, Bartholomew J, Nuyt AM, Julien P, Synnes A, Lucas M, Perreault T, Strueby L, Cieslak Z, Yusuf K, Pelligra G, Massé E, Larsen B, de Cabo C, Ruth C, Khurshid F, Lavoie PM. Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Free Survival in Breastfed Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2020; 324:157-167. [PMID: 32662862 PMCID: PMC7361648 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.8896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation may prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but evidence remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To determine whether maternal DHA supplementation during the neonatal period improves bronchopulmonary dysplasia-free survival in breastfed infants born before 29 weeks of gestation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Superiority, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial at 16 Canadian neonatal intensive care units (June 2015-April 2018 with last infant follow-up in July 2018). Lactating women who delivered before 29 weeks of gestation were enrolled within 72 hours of delivery. The trial intended to enroll 800 mothers, but was stopped earlier. INTERVENTIONS There were 232 mothers (273 infants) assigned to oral capsules providing 1.2 g/d of DHA from randomization to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age and 229 mothers (255 infants) assigned to placebo capsules. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was bronchopulmonary dysplasia-free survival in infants at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. There were 22 secondary outcomes, including mortality and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. RESULTS Enrollment was stopped early due to concern for harm based on interim data from this trial and from another trial that was published during the course of this study. Among 461 mothers and their 528 infants (mean gestational age, 26.6 weeks [SD, 1.6 weeks]; 253 [47.9%] females), 375 mothers (81.3%) and 523 infants (99.1%) completed the trial. Overall, 147 of 268 infants (54.9%) in the DHA group vs 157 of 255 infants (61.6%) in the placebo group survived without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (absolute difference, -5.0% [95% CI, -11.6% to 2.6%]; relative risk, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.80 to 1.04], P = .18). Mortality occurred in 6.0% of infants in the DHA group vs 10.2% of infants in the placebo group (absolute difference, -3.9% [95% CI, -6.8% to 1.4%]; relative risk, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.33 to 1.13], P = .12). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia occurred in 41.7% of surviving infants in the DHA group vs 31.4% in the placebo group (absolute difference, 11.5% [95% CI, 2.3% to 23.2%]; relative risk, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.73], P = .01). Of 22 prespecified secondary outcomes, 19 were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among breastfed preterm infants born before 29 weeks of gestation, maternal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during the neonatal period did not significantly improve bronchopulmonary dysplasia-free survival at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with placebo. Study interpretation is limited by early trial termination. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02371460.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Marc
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruno Piedboeuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - William Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoît Mâsse
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mosarrat Qureshi
- Division of Neonatology, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jehier Afifi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brigitte Lemyre
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Georges Caouette
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Bartholomew
- Department of Neonatology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Synnes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michel Lucas
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thérèse Perreault
- Division of Neonatology, Montréal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lannae Strueby
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Zenon Cieslak
- Department of Pediatrics, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gustavo Pelligra
- Department of Maternity Care and Pediatrics, Victoria General Hospital, Island Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Edith Massé
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Sherbrooke, Hôpital Fleurimont, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bodil Larsen
- Faculty of Agricultural, Life, and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Cecilia de Cabo
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady School of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Chelsea Ruth
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady School of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Faiza Khurshid
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pascal M. Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Elsayed EOS, Yusuf K, Fraulin FOG, Murthy P. Haematoma complicating subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn: a rare complication following therapeutic hypothermia. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/6/e234360. [PMID: 32532911 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-234360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A term, large for gestational age male newborn, was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with meconium aspiration syndrome and severe hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. The baby was treated with therapeutic hypothermia using a total body cooling blanket. After 48 hours, the baby developed tender, indurated subcutaneous nodules consistent with subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN). The lesions started initially over the back but gradually spread to cover both shoulders, upper arms, chest area and both thighs. On day 19 of life, multiple small nodules on the back softened and coalesced to form one sizeable fluctuant swelling over the thoracolumbar area. Over a few hours, the swelling rapidly progressed to a large, tense mass with sloughing of the gangrenous overlying skin. This unusual complication of SCFN required surgical intervention for evacuation and debridement of the haematoma followed by graft repair of the skin defect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Pediatrics-Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frankie O G Fraulin
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Prashanth Murthy
- Pediatrics-Neonatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Soliman Y, Alshaikh B, Alawad E, Akierman A, Elsharkawy A, Yusuf K. Respiratory outcomes of late preterm infants of mothers with early and late onset preeclampsia. J Perinatol 2020; 40:39-45. [PMID: 31551479 PMCID: PMC7222144 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-019-0497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of early and late onset preeclampsia (EOPE, LOPE, respectively) on outcomes of late preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study of late preterm infants admitted to a tertiary care NICU from January 2014-July 2015. Outcomes of late preterm infants of EOPE mothers were compared with the next late preterm infant of a LOPE mother and the next two late preterm infants of normotensive non-PE mothers. Primary outcome comprised use of continuous positive airway pressure, mechanical ventilation and/or surfactant in the 24 h after birth. RESULTS Compared to normotensives (n = 131), adjusted odds ratio (AORs) of the primary outcome was higher in the EOPE (n = 64) and LOPE (n = 65) groups but reached statistical significance only in the EOPE group, AORs 12.9, 95% CI 3.5-37 and 2.7, 95% CI 0.95-8.1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Compared to late preterm infants of normotensive and LOPE mothers, infants of mothers with EOPE have significantly higher respiratory morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Soliman
- 0000 0004 0473 9646grid.42327.30Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- 0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Essa Alawad
- 0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Albert Akierman
- 0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Adel Elsharkawy
- 0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Soliman Y, Yusuf K, Blayney M, El Shahed AI, Belik J. Neonatal coning secondary to hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: A case study and literature review. Paediatr Child Health 2019; 26:e67-e69. [PMID: 33747312 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brain herniation is an extremely rare complication of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) in the neonatal period with only a single report described. We report a 2-day-old term infant with severe HIE, who developed diffuse brain oedema and herniation. Case presentation and description A term female infant delivered by vacuum, required therapeutic hypothermia for severe encephalopathy. At 36 hours of age, a marked change in neurological status was noted with signs of brainstem involvement. A head Computed Tomography Scan showed uncal and tonsillar herniation. Conclusion Vigilance in monitoring neonatal neurological status during therapeutic hypothermia is imperative for early brain herniation detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Soliman
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Marc Blayney
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Moncton Hospital, University of Dalhousie, Moncton, New Brunswick
| | - Amr I El Shahed
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Jaques Belik
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
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Alshaikh B, Dharel D, Yusuf K, Singhal N. Early total enteral feeding in stable preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:1479-1486. [PMID: 31248308 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1637848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate safety and feasibility of early total enteral feeding (ETEF) in stable preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and feeding intolerance between ETEF and slow rates of enteral feed advancement. RESULTS Four trials involving 393 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with birth weight >1000-1200 g were included. Meta-analyses did not show statistical difference in risks for NEC (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.19-3.98) and feeding intolerance (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.39-1.59). ETEF resulted in lower risk of late-onset sepsis (RR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.30-0.61). Length of hospital stay was reduced in ETEF (mean difference -1.31 days, 95% CI: -1.54 to -1.07). CONCLUSIONS ETEF appears to be safe and feasible in stable VLBW infants with birth weight >1000-1200 g. A large randomized trial is needed to confirm benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dinesh Dharel
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nalini Singhal
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Abstract
Objective: To understand the process and challenges facing neonatal transport in Canada and to delineate their composition and working.Subjects and methodology: An online questionnaire was sent to all neonatal transport team directors/coordinators in Canada. The questionnaire covered different aspects of transport and was pilot tested prior to finalization. The responses were anonymous to the investigators.Results: All sixteen neonatal transport teams in Canada surveyed. Fifteen teams responded. Dedicated team as a model was adopted by 12 teams (80%). A combined Neonatal/pediatrics team, where the team could be assembled by either neonatal or pediatrics intensive care staff, adopted by two (13%). Team members were cross-trained in about quarter of the teams (four teams out of 15) with respiratory therapists and registered nurses performing each other's roles. Neonatal Resuscitation Program was mandatory for all teams that responded (15 teams) to become certified as a neonatal transport team member. Nine teams use a central dispatch phone call system.Conclusion: As the first to comprehensively describe the status of neonatal transport in Canada, our study shows that neonatal transport teams have similarities as well as differences. Regionalization and differences in referral practices, geography, provincial laws, and manpower are the main reasons why teams may have their individual variations in policies, protocols, and logistics. Our data can be utilized by health professionals and policy makers to improve neonatal transport logistics within their health care systems resulting in better outcomes of transported neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Soliman
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Renee Paul
- Foothills Medical Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kim Pearson
- Foothills Medical Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sumesh Thomas
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Brown N, Khan F, Alshaikh B, Berka N, Liacini A, Alawad E, Yusuf K. CD-34 + and VE-cadherin + endothelial progenitor cells in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies. Pregnancy Hypertens 2019; 16:42-47. [PMID: 31056159 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to determine levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study of women with preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies. EPCs were estimated by flow cytometry. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association of EPCs with preeclampsia adjusting for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), gestation and ethnicity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Levels of EPCs in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies, with CD-34 and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin as markers of EPCs. VE-cadherin is an endothelial cell adhesion molecule used to delineate endothelial lineage of EPCs. RESULTS There were thirty women in the preeclampsia group and thirty-three in the normotensive group. The two groups were similar except for the BMI and blood pressures, which were higher in preeclampsia. On multiple linear regression, EPCs numbers were significantly higher by 29 (95% confidence interval 11.7-46.6, p = 0.001) in preeclampsia compared to the normotensive group. There was significant positive correlation between EPCs and systolic blood pressure in preeclampsia (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.39, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Although widely used in cardiovascular disease other than preeclampsia, this is the first study using VE-cadherin as a marker of endothelial lineage to define EPCs in preeclampsia. Our results suggest the higher number of EPCs in preeclampsia may be a response of the bone marrow to endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Brown
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Faisal Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Noureddine Berka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdelhamid Liacini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Essa Alawad
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Lodha A, Entz R, Synnes A, Creighton D, Yusuf K, Lapointe A, Yang J, Shah PS. Early Caffeine Administration and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants. Pediatrics 2019; 143:peds.2018-1348. [PMID: 30518670 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-1348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although caffeine use for apnea of prematurity is well studied, the long-term safety and benefit of routine early caffeine administration has not been explored. Our objective was to determine the association between early (within 2 days of birth) versus late caffeine exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. METHODS Infants of <29 weeks' gestation born between April 2009 and September 2011 and admitted to Canadian Neonatal Network units and then assessed at Canadian Neonatal Follow-up Network centers were studied. Neonates who received caffeine were divided into early- (received within 2 days of birth) and late-caffeine (received after 2 days of birth) groups. The primary outcome was significant neurodevelopmental impairment, defined as cerebral palsy, or a Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition composite score of <70 on any component, hearing aid or cochlear implant, or bilateral visual impairment at 18 to 24 months' corrected age. RESULTS Of 2108 neonates who were eligible, 1545 were in the early-caffeine group and 563 were in the late-caffeine group. Rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, and severe neurologic injury were lower in the early-caffeine group than in the late-caffeine group. Significant neurodevelopmental impairment (adjusted odds ratio 0.68 [95% confidence interval 0.50-0.94]) and odds of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition cognitive scores of <85 (adjusted odds ratio 0.67 [95% confidence interval 0.47-0.95]) were lower in the early-caffeine group than in the late-caffeine group. Propensity score-based matched-pair analyses revealed lower odds of cerebral palsy and hearing impairment only. CONCLUSIONS Early caffeine therapy is associated with better neurodevelopmental outcomes compared with late caffeine therapy in preterm infants born at <29 weeks' gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Lodha
- Departments of Pediatrics and .,Community Health Sciences and.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rebecca Entz
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anne Synnes
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dianne Creighton
- Departments of Pediatrics and.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Departments of Pediatrics and.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anie Lapointe
- Sainte Justine University Health Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Junmin Yang
- Maternal-Infant Care Research Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prakesh S Shah
- Maternal-Infant Care Research Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous infusions of dexmedetomidine are increasingly used for sedation in critically ill pediatric patients. Emerging data suggest potential benefits when used for sedation in neonates, including reduced sedative requirements and earlier enteral feeds. OBJECTIVE To describe the use, adverse effects, and signs of withdrawal in a cohort of neonates receiving dexmedetomidine, the majority of whom were receiving concomitant opioids. METHODS This was a retrospective, descriptive review of 38 neonates receiving dexmedetomidine in a medical surgical neonatal intensive care unit, including data on duration of use, dose, adverse effects, weaning, and signs of withdrawal. RESULTS Dexmedetomidine was used for a median of 183 hours, at a median maximum dose of 0.5 µg/kg/h. Premature infants were started on dexmedetomidine at a later chronological age than term infants (41 vs 9 days, P = 0.004). Of 18 patients receiving an opioid infusion at the time of dexmedetomidine initiation, 67% had a dose reduction in opioids by 24 hours. The majority (89%) of neonates had at least 1 potentially related adverse effect during the dexmedetomidine infusion, though no discontinuations were needed as a result. In all, 80% of patients had their dexmedetomidine gradually weaned off, and 71% had at least 1 sign of withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort, dexmedetomidine was often used in a postsurgical setting, with concomitant opioids, over prolonged periods. These factors appear to affect and likely confound the rates of adverse effects and withdrawal signs from dexmedetomidine. Clinicians considering the use of dexmedetomidine in a similar population can draw guidance from our data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kamran Yusuf
- 2 Department of Peditrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alixe Howlett
- 2 Department of Peditrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Radu L, Bengry T, Akierman A, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K, Dersch-Mills D. Evolution of empiric vancomycin dosing in a neonatal population. J Perinatol 2018; 38:1702-1707. [PMID: 30341404 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-018-0251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2014, we assessed the effectiveness of our neonatal vancomycin empirical dosing regimen (15-45 mg/kg/day) which led to development of a revised regimen (20-60 mg/kg/day). OBJECTIVE To validate the revised empirical vancomycin dosage regimen in achieving target troughs. METHODS The primary outcome of this multicenter retrospective before-and-after cohort study was the proportion of neonates in the present cohort achieving trough levels below, at or above target (<10, 10-20 and >20 mg/L). Secondary outcomes included difference between cohorts (historical and present) in mean troughs and proportion of patients achieving target levels. RESULTS Out of 118 participants, 63 (53.39%) achieved target troughs, 44 (37.29%) had below target troughs and 11 (9.32%) reached above target levels. Mean trough levels and proportion of patients achieving target levels were higher in the present versus historical cohort (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS The revised empiric dosing regimen was more effective in achieving target serum trough concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Radu
- Alberta Health Services, Pharmacy Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tanner Bengry
- Alberta Health Services, Pharmacy Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Albert Akierman
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Morton CC, Metcalfe A, Yusuf K, Sibbald B, Wilson RD. The Impact of Prenatal Diagnosis of Selected Central Nervous System Anomalies for Prenatal Counselling Based on Significant Pregnancy Morbidity and Neonatal Outcomes. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2018; 41:166-173.e1. [PMID: 30316708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Prenatal screening and diagnostic imaging advances have led to an increased detection of CNS anomalies, including ventriculomegaly/congenital hydrocephalus (HCP), Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM), and myelomeningocele (MMC). Data on pregnancy outcomes and the impact of prenatal diagnosis on neonatal outcomes is limited. Our study aimed to provide data on obstetric and neonatal outcomes following prenatal diagnosis of one of three CNS anomalies. METHODS A retrospective search of two databases in Alberta, Canada and NICU chart review of cases between 2001 and 2011was completed. Primary outcomes for each group were pregnancy outcome (live birth, stillbirth, and termination) and detection rate. Secondary outcomes were live and total birth prevalence, mode of delivery, GA at delivery, and length of NICU stay for inborn versus outborn patients. RESULTS Prenatal detection rates were 91.6% (HCP), 83.4% (DWM), and 92.9 % (MMC). Termination rates were 30.2% (DWM), 34.2% (HCP), and 48.5% (MMC). Median GA (weeks, range) at diagnosis were 22 (17-38), 20 (12-37), and 20.5 (18-34) for HCP, DWM, and MMC, respectively. Rate of Caesarean section for fetal indication was 50.0%, 44.4%, and 42.9% for HCP, DWM, and MMC, respectively. Median NICU length of stay was longer for outborn patients than inborn patients and were as follows: (range) 33.0 (21-38) versus 8.5 (1-49) d (HCP), and 29 (29-57) versus 14 (2-75) d (DWM). CONCLUSION This study provides termination rates, obstetric interventions, and NICU length of stay for prenatally-identified CNS anomalies. Collectively, this study assists prenatal counselling women with a fetus affected by a described CNS anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig C Morton
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Saint John Regional Hospital, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, NB
| | - Amy Metcalfe
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| | - Barbara Sibbald
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB; Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Health Surveillance, Alberta Health & Wellness, Calgary, AB
| | - R Douglas Wilson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Saint John Regional Hospital, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, NB.
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Abdelhamid R, Yusuf K, Lodha A, Al Awad EH. Severe congenital autoimmune neutropenia in preterm monozygotic twins: case series and literature review. Case Reports in Perinatal Medicine 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/crpm-2018-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The presence of high levels of neutrophil associated immunoglobulins (NAIG) in the serum of newborns with neutropenia and their mothers is usually associated with the diagnosis of allo-immune neonatal neutropenia (AINN). We describe a set of otherwise healthy late preterm monozygotic twins who presented with an isolated severe neonatal neutropenia on the first day of life. Flow cytometry for neutrophil antibody screen for both twins detected elevated levels of NAIG with normal serum levels of allo anti-neutrophil antibody (allo-NAB). Maternal serum did not contain either NAIG or allo-NAB. Also, the NAIG immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were markedly increased in both twins if compared to the increase in the NAIG immunoglobulin G (IgG). Both twins showed very good response to a short course treatment with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), they remained clinically well until 12 months of age. We suggest that this case may be an early presentation of autoimmune neutropenia of infancy. This case study is the earliest report of autoimmune neutropenia of infancy in preterm monozygotic twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Abdelhamid
- Section of Neonatology, Peter Lougheed Centre , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Peter Lougheed Centre , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Abhay Lodha
- Section of Neonatology, Peter Lougheed Centre , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Essa Hamadan Al Awad
- Clinical Associate Professor, University of Calgary, Section of Neonatology , Peter Lougheed Centre 3500, 26th Ave, NE , Calgary, AB T1Y6J4 , Canada , Tel.: +1(403)943-4892; Fax: +1(403)943-2565
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Yusuf K, Alshaikh B, da Silva O, Lodha AK, Wilson RD, Alvaro RE, Lee SK, Shah PS. Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants exposed to maternal hypertension and cigarette smoking. J Perinatol 2018; 38:1051-1059. [PMID: 29740191 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-018-0111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the outcomes of extremely preterm infants of hypertensive mothers who smoke. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective cohort study included infants born between 2003 and 2012 at <29 weeks' gestation and admitted to neonatal intensive care units participating in the Canadian Neonatal Network. Infants were divided into four mutually exclusive groups. Infants of hypertensive mothers who smoked; infants of hypertensive, non-smoking mothers; infants of normotensive mothers who smoked; and infants of normotensive, non-smoking mothers. Using infants of normotensive, non-smoking mothers as the reference group, neonatal outcomes were compared between the groups. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using univariate and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 12,307 eligible infants, 172 had hypertensive mothers who smoked, 1689 had hypertensive non-smoking mothers, 1535 had normotensive mothers who smoked, and 8911 had normotensive non-smoking mothers. Compared to infants of normotensive non-smoking mothers, infants of hypertensive mothers, regardless of smoking status, had higher odds of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (AORs of smokers 1.62; 95% CI 1.12-2.35 and of non-smokers 1.43; 95% CI 1.24-1.64). There was no difference in the odds of mortality and retinopathy of prematurity stage ≥3 between the groups. Infants of hypertensive, non-smoking mothers had decreased odds of intraventricular hemorrhage >grade 2 and higher odds of necrotizing enterocolitis. There was decreased odds of hypertension if the mother was a smoker (AOR 0.71; 95% CI 0.59-0.85). CONCLUSION Maternal hypertension is associated with increased rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, irrespective of smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Orlando da Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Abhay K Lodha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert D Wilson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ruben E Alvaro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shoo K Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Prakesh S Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tagbo BN, Mwenda JM, Eke CB, Edelu BO, Chukwubuike C, Armah G, Seheri ML, Isiaka A, Namadi L, Okafor HU, Ozumba UC, Nnani RO, Okafor V, Njoku R, Odume C, Benjamin-Pujah C, Azubuike C, Umezinne N, Ogude N, Osarogborun VO, Okwesili MU, Ezebilo SK, Udemba O, Yusuf K, Mahmud Z, Ticha JM, Obidike EO, Mphahlele JM. Rotavirus diarrhoea hospitalizations among children under 5 years of age in Nigeria, 2011-2016. Vaccine 2018; 36:7759-7764. [PMID: 29802002 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high burden of rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is well documented among children under 5 years of age, with the majority of mortality occurring in developing countries. Nigeria ranked second worldwide in the number of rotavirus deaths in 2013. As Nigeria plans to introduce rotavirus vaccine soon, a pre-vaccine documentation of rotavirus disease burden is necessary to determine vaccine impact. METHODS Routine rotavirus surveillance was conducted during 2011-2016 in 3 sentinel sites in Nigeria using the standard WHO protocol. Children under 5 years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis were enrolled and demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected. A stool sample was subsequently obtained and tested for human rotavirus antigen using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS 2694 children with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled during January 2011 to December 2016; of these, 1242 (46%) tested positive for rotavirus. Among the rotavirus positive cases, 66% and 94% were younger than 12 months and 24 months respectively. Marked peaks in rotavirus positivity were seen in January of each year. Vomiting, and use of oral and intravenous fluids occurred more often in rotavirus positive cases as compared to rotavirus negative cases. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of rotavirus disease highlights the need for urgent introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Nigeria. Additionally, this study provides pre-vaccine introduction disease-burden data that will serve as a baseline for rotavirus vaccine impact-assessment once vaccine has been introduced in the national immunization program.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Tagbo
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - J M Mwenda
- WHO African Regional Office, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - C B Eke
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - B O Edelu
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - C Chukwubuike
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - G Armah
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - M L Seheri
- South African Medical Research Council/Diarrhoeal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University and National Health Laboratory Service, Medunsa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A Isiaka
- World Health Organization Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - L Namadi
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - H U Okafor
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - U C Ozumba
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - R O Nnani
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - V Okafor
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - R Njoku
- Mother of Christ Specialist Hospital, Nigeria
| | - C Odume
- Tender Specialist Children's Hospital Enugu, Nigeria
| | - C Benjamin-Pujah
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - C Azubuike
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - N Umezinne
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - N Ogude
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - V O Osarogborun
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | | | - S K Ezebilo
- Institute of Child Health, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - O Udemba
- Mother of Christ Specialist Hospital, Nigeria
| | - K Yusuf
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Z Mahmud
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - J M Ticha
- World Health Organization Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - E O Obidike
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - J M Mphahlele
- South African Medical Research Council/Diarrhoeal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University and National Health Laboratory Service, Medunsa, Pretoria, South Africa
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Doucette S, Tierney A, Roggensack A, Yusuf K. Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis with Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation and Hydrops in a Preterm Infant Born to a Mother with Graves' Disease. AJP Rep 2018; 8:e85-e88. [PMID: 29736321 PMCID: PMC5935506 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1645879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hyperthyroidism is rare disorder due to the passage of thyroid receptor antibodies (TRBs) from the mother to the fetus. Neonatal thyrotoxicosis can present in several ways and if unrecognized, can be fatal. We present a preterm neonate who developed fetal hydrops and tricuspid regurgitation in utero. The mother had a history of treated Grave's disease. The infant responded to maternal treatment antenatally and postnatal anti-thyroid treatment, with resolution of both the tricuspid regurgitation and hydrops. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of tricuspid regurgitation associated with fetal and neonatal thyrotoxicosis. Our case also highlights the importance of obtaining a detailed and accurate history in a mother with previous Grave's disease, even if treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Doucette
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Anne Tierney
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anne Roggensack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta, Canada
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Dersch-Mills D, Alshaikh B, Soraisham AS, Akierman A, Yusuf K. Effectiveness of Injectable Ibuprofen Salts and Indomethacin to Treat Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: Observational Cohort Study. Can J Hosp Pharm 2018. [DOI: 10.4212/cjhp.v71i1.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no injectable ibuprofen product marketed to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in newborns in Canada. The authors’ institution has used ibuprofen arginine in the past. In the absence of published evidence supporting use of this salt form of ibuprofen for neonatal PDA, a retrospective analysis was undertaken.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of ibuprofen arginine, ibuprofen tromethamine, and indomethacin in the treatment of PDA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational cohort study, for patients admitted between 2009 and 2015, included preterm infants with symptomatic PDA who received at least one dose of injectable indomethacin, ibuprofen tromethamine, or ibuprofen arginine. Three effectiveness end points were analyzed: closure after one course of treatment, repeat medical treatment, and surgical ligation. The secondary end points included acute kidney injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic lung disease, and time to full enteral feeding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 179 infants were included. There were no differences among groups in terms of closure after one course of treatment (37/54 [69%] with indomethacin, 42/70 [60%] with ibuprofen tromethamine, and 28/55 [51%] with ibuprofen arginine; <em>p </em>= 0.21) or surgical ligation (10/54 [19%] with indomethacin, 13/70 [19%] with ibuprofen tromethamine, and 12/55 [22%] with ibuprofen arginine; <em>p </em>= 0.88). However, there was a difference regarding use of a repeat course of treatment, ibuprofen arginine having the highest rate (8/54 [15%] with indomethacin, 18/70 [26%] with ibuprofen tromethamine, and 20/55 [36%] with ibuprofen arginine; <em>p </em>= 0.04). After adjustment for gestational age, the association between ibuprofen arginine and increased use of a repeat course of treatment remained significant. The groups did not differ with respect to adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the potential for differences in effectiveness among various salt forms of injectable ibuprofen and indomethacin. Because of the small sample size and retrospective methodology, confirmation of the present results through a larger prospective study is needed.</p><p><strong>RÉSUMÉ</strong></p><p><strong>Contexte : </strong>Il n’y a pas sur le marché de produit injectable à base d’ibuprofène pour traiter la persistance du canal artériel (PCA) chez le nouveau-né au Canada. L’ibuprofène arginine a été utilisé auparavant dans l’établissement de santé des auteurs. En l’absence de données publiées appuyant l’utilisation de ce médicament sous forme de ce sel pour traiter la PCA chez le nouveau-né, une analyse rétrospective a été réalisée.</p><p><strong>Objectif : </strong>Comparer l’efficacité et les effets indésirables de l’ibuprofène arginine, de l’ibuprofène trométhamine et de l’indométhacine dans le traitement de la PCA.</p><p><strong>Méthodes : </strong>Cette étude de cohorte observationnelle rétrospective, au sujet de patients hospitalisés entre 2009 et 2015, incluait des nourrissons prématurés atteints d’une PCA symptomatique ayant reçu par injection au moins une dose d’indométhacine, d’ibuprofène trométhamine ou d’ibuprofène arginine. Trois paramètres d’évaluation de l’efficacité ont été analysés : la fermeture après un seul traitement, la répétition du traitement médical et la ligature chirurgicale. Les paramètres d’évaluation secondaires étaient les cas d’insuffisance rénale aiguë, d’entérocolite nécrosante et de maladie pulmonaire chronique ainsi que le temps pour atteindre l’alimentation entérale complète.</p><p><strong>Résultats : </strong>Au total, 179 nourrissons ont été admis à l’étude. Aucune différence n’a été relevée entre les groupes en ce qui touche à la fermeture après un seul traitement (37/54 [69 %] pour l’indométhacine, 42/70 [60 %] pour l’ibuprofène trométhamine et 28/55 [51 %] pour l’ibuprofène arginine; <em>p </em>= 0,21) ou à la ligature chirurgicale (10/54 [19 %] pour l’indométhacine, 13/70 [19 %] pour l’ibuprofène trométhamine et 12/55 [22 %] pour l’ibuprofène arginine; <em>p </em>= 0,88). Cependant, une différence a été observée pour ce qui est de la répétition du traitement et l’ibuprofène arginine a obtenu le taux le plus élevé (8/54 [15 %] pour l’indométhacine, 18/70 [26 %] pour l’ibuprofène trométhamine et 20/55 [36 %] pour l’ibuprofène arginine; <em>p </em>= 0,04). Après ajustement pour l’âge gestationnel, l’association entre l’utilisation de l’ibuprofène arginine et une augmentation du recours à un second traitement demeurait significative. Il n’y avait pas de différence entre les groupes en ce qui touche aux effets indésirables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion : </strong>Ces résultats soulignent la possible différence d’efficacité parmi les divers sels d’ibuprofène injectable et l’indométhacine. Cependant, en raison de la petite taille de l’échantillon et de l’emploi d’une méthodologie rétrospective, une étude prospective plus importante doit être menée pour confirmer les résultats de la présente étude.</p>
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Zein H, Yusuf K, Paul R, Kowal D, Thomas S. Elective transfers of preterm neonates to regional centres on non-invasive respiratory support is cost effective and increases tertiary care bed capacity. Acta Paediatr 2018; 107:52-56. [PMID: 28871602 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Managing capacity at regional facilities caring for sick neonates is increasingly challenging. This study estimated the clinical and economic impact of the elective transfer of stable infants requiring nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) from level three to level two neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) within an established clinical network of five NICUs. METHODS We retrospectively analysed the records of 99 stable infants transferred on NCPAP between two level three NICUs and three level two NICUs in Calgary, Canada, between June 2014 and May 2016. RESULTS The median gestational age and weight at birth were 28 weeks and 955 g, and the median corrected gestational age and weight at transfer were 33 weeks and 1597 g, respectively. This resulted in cost savings of $2.65 million Canadian dollars during the two-year study period, and 848 level three NICU days were freed up for potentially sick neonates. There were no adverse events associated with the transfers. CONCLUSION The elective transfer of stable neonates on NCPAP from level three to level two NICUs within an established clinical network led to substantial cost savings, was safe and increased the bed capacity at the two level three NICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Zein
- Section of Neonatology; Department of Paediatrics; Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology; Department of Paediatrics; Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Renee Paul
- Foothills Medical Centre; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Derek Kowal
- Foothills Medical Centre; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Sumesh Thomas
- Section of Neonatology; Department of Paediatrics; Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
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Dersch-Mills D, Alshaikh B, Soraisham AS, Akierman A, Yusuf K. Effectiveness of Injectable Ibuprofen Salts and Indomethacin to Treat Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: Observational Cohort Study. Can J Hosp Pharm 2018; 71:22-28. [PMID: 29531394 PMCID: PMC5842047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no injectable ibuprofen product marketed to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in newborns in Canada. The authors' institution has used ibuprofen arginine in the past. In the absence of published evidence supporting use of this salt form of ibuprofen for neonatal PDA, a retrospective analysis was undertaken. OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of ibuprofen arginine, ibuprofen tromethamine, and indomethacin in the treatment of PDA. METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study, for patients admitted between 2009 and 2015, included preterm infants with symptomatic PDA who received at least one dose of injectable indomethacin, ibuprofen tromethamine, or ibuprofen arginine. Three effectiveness end points were analyzed: closure after one course of treatment, repeat medical treatment, and surgical ligation. The secondary end points included acute kidney injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic lung disease, and time to full enteral feeding. RESULTS A total of 179 infants were included. There were no differences among groups in terms of closure after one course of treatment (37/54 [69%] with indomethacin, 42/70 [60%] with ibuprofen tromethamine, and 28/55 [51%] with ibuprofen arginine; p = 0.21) or surgical ligation (10/54 [19%] with indomethacin, 13/70 [19%] with ibuprofen tromethamine, and 12/55 [22%] with ibuprofen arginine; p = 0.88). However, there was a difference regarding use of a repeat course of treatment, ibuprofen arginine having the highest rate (8/54 [15%] with indomethacin, 18/70 [26%] with ibuprofen tromethamine, and 20/55 [36%] with ibuprofen arginine; p = 0.04). After adjustment for gestational age, the association between ibuprofen arginine and increased use of a repeat course of treatment remained significant. The groups did not differ with respect to adverse effects. CONCLUSION These results highlight the potential for differences in effectiveness among various salt forms of injectable ibuprofen and indomethacin. Because of the small sample size and retrospective methodology, confirmation of the present results through a larger prospective study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deonne Dersch-Mills
- , BScPharm, ACPR, PharmD, is with the Inpatient Pharmacy, Alberta Children's Hospital (Alberta Health Services), Calgary, Alberta
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- , MD, is with the Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Amuchou S Soraisham
- , MD, is with the Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Albert Akierman
- , MD, is with the Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- , MD, is with the Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
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Al Awad E, Yusuf K, Soraisham A, Obaid H, Sundaram A, Samedi V, Akierman A. Transient hyperaldosteronism and neonatal hypertension: Case series and literature review. J Clin Neonatol 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jcn.jcn_57_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ma E, Brown N, Alshaikh B, Slater D, Yusuf K. Comparison of the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence and the Heaviness of Smoking Index in the Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy. Nicotine Tob Res 2017; 20:124-129. [PMID: 27698094 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Smoking cessation at any stage of pregnancy can benefit the mother and fetus. Cigarette dependence is a significant factor in women who continue to smoke during pregnancy and accurate assessment of cigarette dependence can be helpful in planning smoking cessation programs. The objective of our study was to investigate the validity of the Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) as measures of cigarette dependence in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy by comparing them to serum cotinine levels. Methods Prospective cohort study of 167 women in their second and third trimester of pregnancy who self-reported cigarette smoking. They were administered the FTCD questionnaire and blood was drawn for cotinine measurements using a direct enzyme linked immunoassay. Linear regression was used to adjust for maternal age, body mass index, gestation, and parity to investigate the association between cotinine levels and the two scores. Results Both the FTCD and HSI correlated significantly with serum cotinine levels (Spearman coefficient 0.42 and 0.37, respectively, p < .001). The correlation coefficients of both scores were higher in primigravidas (n = 51) compared to multigravidas, but the difference was statistically nonsignificant. Using multiple linear regression, both scores were significantly related to serum cotinine levels. For each unit increase in the FTCD and HSI, the serum cotinine level increased by 21.4 ng/mL (95% confidence interval 10.1-32.7, p <0.001) and 37 ng/mL (95% confidence interval 18.6-55.4, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions Both the FTCD and HSI can be used to assess cigarette dependence in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Implications There is lack of data on the validity of the FTCD and the HSI as markers of cigarette dependence during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Our study suggests that both the FTCD and HSI perform well in assessing cigarette dependence in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and can be used to plan smoking cessation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Ma
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole Brown
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Donna Slater
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
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Alshaikh B, Salman O, Soliman N, Ells A, Yusuf K. Pre-eclampsia and the risk of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants with birth weight <1500 g and/or <31 weeks' gestation. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2017; 1:e000049. [PMID: 29354703 PMCID: PMC5721629 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2016-000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the relationship between pre-eclampsia and development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants with birth weight of <1500 g and/or gestation <31 weeks. Methods A retrospective cohort study comprising infants born to mothers with pre-eclampsia between January 2007 and June 2010 at a single tertiary care centre. Their ROP outcome was compared with infants born to the next two normotensive mothers with a ±1 week gestational age difference. Pearson χ2 test was used for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variables. Multivariable regression was used to estimate the OR of ROP with prenatal pre-eclampsia exposure and adjust for confounders. Results Of the 97 infants in the pre-eclampsia group, 27 (27%) developed ROP and of the 185 infants in the normotensive group, 50 (27%) developed ROP. On multivariable regression modelling, pre-eclampsia was not a risk factor for the development of ROP (OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.46 to 4.1). Gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction and blood transfusion were significant risk factors for the development of ROP. Conclusions In our cohort, pre-eclampsia was not a significant risk factor for the development of ROP. Intrauterine growth restricted infants of pre-eclamptic and normotensive mothers were at higher risk of ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - Omar Salman
- University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nancy Soliman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - Anna Ells
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
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Sundaram A, Alshaikh B, Dersch-Mills D, Dobry J, Akierman AR, Yusuf K. Extended-interval Dosing of Gentamicin in Premature Neonates Born at <32 Weeks' Gestation and >7 Days of age. Clin Ther 2017; 39:1233-1241. [PMID: 28579209 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extended-interval dosing (EID) regimens of gentamicin have been validated for treating confirmed or suspected early- and late-onset sepsis in preterm infants in the first week of life. Despite the marked changes in volume of distribution and renal clearance in preterm infants after the first few days of life, few studies have validated EID regimens of gentamicin in this population. The objective of the study was to evaluate an EID regimen of gentamicin in infants born at <32 weeks' gestational age and aged >7 days. METHODS This observational study of an EID regimen was conducted in 39 infants. Dosing interval was based on the serum drug concentration at 22 hours after the administration of the first dose of 5 mg/kg. Gentamicin peak (5-12 µg/mL) and trough (<2 µg/mL) levels were compared to those in a historical control group of 39 infants who received traditional-interval dosing (TID) of 2.5 mg/kg of gentamicin with dosing intervals of 8, 12, or 24 hours. FINDINGS There were no differences in birthweight, gestational age at birth, postmenstrual age, weight at the start of gentamicin administration, postnatal age, small for gestational age status, antenatal corticosteroid use, or postnatal indomethacin exposure between the 2 groups. In the EID group, dosing intervals were 24 hours in 30 infants, 36 hours in 6 infants, and 48 hours in 3 infants. Compared with the TID group (n = 39), the EID group had a significantly higher peak level (median, 9.0 vs 4.7 µg/mL) and a significantly lower trough level (median, 0.7 vs 1.1 µg/mL) (both, P < 0.001). On regression analysis, the postmenstrual age was correlated significantly with trough levels in the EID group. There was no adverse effect on renal function in either group. On follow-up, 1 infant in the EID group and 2 infants in the TID group had evidence of sensorineural hearing loss. IMPLICATIONS In infants born at <32 weeks' gestation and >7 days of age, an EID gentamicin regimen, with a dosing interval based on a single concentration measurement at 22 hours after the administration of the first dose, achieved therapeutic peak and trough levels and performed significantly better than did a TID regimen in reaching target peak and trough levels. Larger-scale trials are needed for assessing the clinical efficacy (treatment failure/success) of these regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Sundaram
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Jenna Dobry
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Albert R Akierman
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Abstract
Objective Angiogenesis is essential for normal lung development. The objective of our study was to test the hypothesis that preeclampsia, an antiangiogenic state, is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Design Prospective cohort study of infants less than 32 weeks' gestation born to mothers with preeclampsia between January 2007 and June 2010 at a single tertiary care center. Their BPD outcome was compared with infants born to the next two normotensive mothers with a ± 1 week gestational age difference. BPD was defined as oxygen dependency at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. Multivariable binary regression was used to estimate the risk ratio (RR) of BPD with preeclampsia exposure and adjust for confounders. Results Of 102 infants in the preeclampsia group, 23 (23%) developed BPD and of the 217 infants in the normotensive group, 56 (26%) developed BPD. On multivariable binary regression modeling, preeclampsia was not a risk factor for development of BPD (RR: 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20-1.20). Surfactant use, Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension-II score, sepsis, blood transfusion, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) were significant risk factors for BPD. Conclusion In our cohort, preeclampsia was not a significant risk factor for BPD. IUGR infants of preeclamptic and normotensive mothers were at higher risk for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Soliman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathleen Chaput
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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