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Dive A, Kim K, Kang S, Wan LF, Wood BC. First-principles evaluation of dopant impact on structural deformability and processability of Li 7La 3Zr 2O 12. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13762-13772. [PMID: 37464810 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04382c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and related ceramic solid electrolytes feature excellent stability and reasonable ionic conductivity, but processing remains challenging. High-temperature co-sintering is required for successful integration with the electrode, which is energetically costly and can lead to unacceptable cathode degradation. The introduction of dopants can promote lower-temperature processing by improving deformability and disrupting lattice integrity; however, an unbiased, systematic study correlating these properties to the dopant chemistry and composition is lacking. Here, we rely on a set of static and dynamic metrics derived from first-principles simulations to estimate the impact of doping on LLZO processability by quantifying LLZO structural deformability. We considered three distinct dopants (Al, Ba, and Ta) as representatives of substitutional incorporation on Li, La, and Zr sites. Our descriptors indicate that doping in general positively impacts lattice deformability, although significant sensitivities to dopant identity and concentration are observed. Amongst the tested dopants, Al doping (on the Li site) appears to have the greatest impact, as signaled across nearly the entire set of computed features. We suggest that these proxy descriptors, once properly calibrated against well-controlled experiments, could enable the use of first-principles simulations to computationally screen new ceramic electrolyte compositions with improved processability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dive
- Laboratory for Energy Applications for the Future (LEAF), Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
| | - K Kim
- Laboratory for Energy Applications for the Future (LEAF), Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
| | - S Kang
- Laboratory for Energy Applications for the Future (LEAF), Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
| | - L F Wan
- Laboratory for Energy Applications for the Future (LEAF), Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
| | - B C Wood
- Laboratory for Energy Applications for the Future (LEAF), Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
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2
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Oyama N, Kawasaki T, Kim K, Mizuno H. Scale Separation of Shear-Induced Criticality in Glasses. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:148201. [PMID: 38640386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.148201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
In a sheared steady state, glasses reach a nonequilibrium criticality called yielding criticality. We report that the qualitative nature of this nonequilibrium critical phenomenon depends on the details of the system and that responses and fluctuations are governed by different critical correlation lengths in specific situations. This scale separation of critical lengths arises when the screening of elastic propagation of mechanical signals is not negligible. We also discuss the determinant of the impact of screening effects from the viewpoint of the microscopic dissipation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Oyama
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute 480-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawasaki
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kang Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mizuno
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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3
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Kim K, Lee MY, Chang Y, Ryu S. Nightshift work and irregular menstrual cycle: 8-year follow-up cohort study. Occup Med (Lond) 2024; 74:152-160. [PMID: 38330390 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqad162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irregular menstruation is a major health problem among women, although its association with nightshift work remains controversial. AIMS To study the association between nightshift work and irregular menstrual cycle among female workers and investigate any differences according to sleep quality, working hours or obesity. METHODS This study included female workers who underwent health examinations from 2012 to 2019. Nightshift work, working hours, sleep quality and menstrual cycles were assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Irregular menstrual cycle was defined as self-reported irregular or ≥36 days. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariable logistic regression; adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for incident irregular menstrual cycle were calculated by Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent analysis. RESULTS The study participants were 87 147 in the cross-sectional study and 41 516 in the longitudinal study. After adjusting for all covariates in the cross-sectional analyses, the odds ratio for prevalent irregular menstrual cycle among female nightshift workers versus the reference was 1.26 (95% CI 1.2-1.33). In the cohort study, the adjusted hazard ratio for incident irregular menstrual cycle among nightshift workers was 1.95 (95% CI 1.61-2.35) in the period after 6 years. No significant differences were observed among subgroups stratified by sleep quality, working hours or obesity. CONCLUSIONS Nightshift work is associated with an increased risk of both prevalent and incident irregular menstrual cycle in female workers without significant interactions by sleep quality, working hours or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M Y Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Chang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ryu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim K, Kim Y, Lee J, Lee M, Ahn C, Park MJ, Na H, Jeung EB. 3-carene supresses inflammatory cytokine interleukin-4, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 in a murine model of asthma. J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 75:195-203. [PMID: 38736266 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2024.2.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common airway disease associated with allergic inflammation. Environmental factors, such as pollens, pollution, insect-borne antigens, or commercial chemicals, cause this disease. The common symptoms of this airway allergic reaction are increasing mucus, narrowing of the airway wall, coughing, and chest tightness. Medications, such as steroids, alleviate the disease but with severe side effects. Several studies have reported the anti-inflammatory effects of tree-based essential oil components, particularly 3-carene. Therefore, this study used 3-carene to determine if it alleviates asthmatic symptoms in the murine model. First, BALB/c mice were sensitized to an ovalbumin and aluminium hydroxide mixture on day 7th and 14th. From days 21st to 23rd, the mice were challenged with 3-carene and budesonide. The lung trachea, plasma, and bronchiolar lavage fluid (BAL fluid) were collected on day 24. The 3-carene treatment suppressed the cytokine gene expression, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13, reducing the lung epithelial cell thickness in the asthmatic model. These results suggest that essential oil 3-carene has an anti-asthmatic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - M Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - C Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - M-J Park
- Division of Forest Industrial Materials, Department of Forest Products and Industry, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Na
- Division of Forest Industrial Materials, Department of Forest Products and Industry, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E-B Jeung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SJ, Jo Y, Park SJ, Ji E, Lee JY, Choi E, Baek JY, Jang IY, Jung HW, Kim K, Ryu D, Yoo HJ, Kim BJ. Metabolomic profiles of ovariectomized mice and their associations with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x. [PMID: 38493245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause, a dramatical estrogen-deficient condition, is considered the most significant milestone in women's health. PURPOSE To investigate the metabolite changes attributed to estrogen deficiency using random forest (RF)-based machine learning (ML) modeling strategy in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as determine the clinical relevance of selected metabolites in older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that metabolites related to TCA cycle, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, and amino acids, were significantly changed in the plasma and/or muscle of OVX mice. Subsequent ML classifiers based on RF algorithm selected alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), arginine, carnosine, ceramide C24, phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C36:6, and PC ae C42:3 in plasma as well as PC aa 34:1, PC aa C34:3, PC aa C36:5, PC aa C32:1, PC aa C36:2, and sphingosine in muscle as top featured metabolites that differentiate the OVX mice from the sham-operated group. When circulating levels of AKG, arginine, and carnosine, which showed the most significant changes in OVX mice blood, were measured in postmenopausal women, higher plasma AKG levels were associated with lower bone mass, weak grip strength, poor physical performance, and increased frailty risk. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics- and ML-based methods identified the key metabolites of blood and muscle that were significantly changed after ovariectomy in mice, and the clinical implication of several metabolites was investigated by looking at their correlation with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. These findings provide crucial context for understanding the diverse physiological alterations caused by estrogen deficiency in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Y Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Ji
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J-Y Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - I Y Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - H-W Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - K Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Cormack JM, Chao YH, Archer BT, Kim K, Spratt KS, Hamilton MF. Focused Shear Wave Beam Propagation in Tissue-Mimicking Phantoms. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:621-630. [PMID: 37665711 PMCID: PMC10951862 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2023.3311688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ultrasound transient elastography (TE) technologies for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) utilize vibration of small, flat pistons, which generate shear waves that lack directivity. The most common cause for LSM failure in practice is insufficient shear wave signal at the needed depths. We propose to increase shear wave amplitude by focusing the waves into a directional beam. Here, we demonstrate the generation and propagation of focused shear wave beams (fSWBs) in gelatin. METHODS Directional fSWBs are generated by vibration at 200-400 Hz of a concave piston embedded near the surface of gelatin phantoms and measured with high-frame-rate ultrasound imaging. Five phantoms with a range of stiffnesses are employed. Shear wave speeds assessed by fSWBs are compared with those by radiation-force-based methods (2D SWE). fSWB amplitudes are compared to predictions using an analytical model. RESULTS fSWB-derived shear wave speeds are in good agreement with 2D SWE. The amplitudes of fSWBs are localized to the LSM region and are significantly greater than unfocused shear waves. Overall agreement with theory is observed, with some discrepancies in the theoretical source condition. CONCLUSION Focusing shear waves can increase the signal in the LSM region for TE. Challenges for translation include coupling piston vibration with the patient skin and increased attenuation in vivo compared to the phantoms employed here. SIGNIFICANCE Fibrosis is the most predictive measure of patient outcome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Increased shear wave amplitude in the LSM region can reduce fibrosis assessment failure rates by TE, thus reducing the need for invasive methods like biopsy.
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Bachman TN, Nouraie SM, Williams LE, Boisen ML, Kim K, Borovetz HS, Schaub R, Kormos RL, Simon MA. Feasibility of a Composite Measure of Pulmonary Vascular Impedance and Application to Patients with Chronic RV Failure Post LVAD Implant. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:1-11. [PMID: 38129334 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular impedance (PVZ) describes RV afterload in the frequency domain and has not been studied extensively in LVAD patients. We sought to determine (1) feasibility of calculating a composite (c)PVZ using standard of care (SoC), asynchronous, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and flow (PAQ) waveforms; and (2) if chronic right ventricular failure (RVF) post-LVAD implant was associated with changes in perioperative cPVZ.PAP and PAQ were obtained via SoC procedures at three landmarks: T(1), Retrospectively, pre-operative with patient conscious; and T(2) and T(3), prospectively with patient anesthetized, and either pre-sternotomy or chest open with LVAD, respectively. Additional PAP's were taken at T(4), following chest closure; and T(5), 4-24 h post chest closure. Harmonics (z) were calculated by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) with cPVZ(z) = FFT(PAP)/FFT(PAQ). Total pulmonary resistance Z(0); characteristic impedance Zc, mean of cPVZ(2-4); and vascular stiffness PVS, sum of cPVZ(1,2), were compared at T(1,2,3) between +/-RVF groups.Out of 51 patients, nine experienced RVF. Standard hemodynamics and changes in cPVZ-derived parameters were not significant between groups at any T.In conclusion, cPVZ calculated from SoC measures is possible. Although data that could be obtained were limited it suggests no difference in RV afterload for RVF patients post-implant. If confirmed in larger studies, focus should be placed on cardiac function in these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy N Bachman
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - S M Nouraie
- Dept. Of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L E Williams
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M L Boisen
- Dept. of Anesthesia, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K Kim
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - H S Borovetz
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Schaub
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R L Kormos
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M A Simon
- Division of Cardiology, Dept. of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Germano ER, Flores T, Freed GS, Kim K, Tulinsky GH, Yang A, Rose OJ, Ray CA, Autry A, Catallozzi M, Mailloux BJ, Miranda JJL. Building-level wastewater surveillance localizes interseasonal influenza variation. mSphere 2024; 9:e0060023. [PMID: 38168676 PMCID: PMC10826355 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00600-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus poses a recurring threat to public health and infects many populations in annual waves of generally unpredictable magnitude and timing. We aimed to detect the arrival and estimate the case magnitude of seasonal influenza A in urban New York City college dormitory buildings. Our wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) program measured viral RNA in the sewage outflow of three dormitories at Barnard College in 2021 and 2022. Wastewater test positivity strongly correlated with New York County clinical cases (Kendall's τ = 0.58). Positive wastewater samples are also associated with campus clinical cases. The 2022 data stand in stark contrast to the 2021 results by revealing the more frequent and earlier presence of influenza A. The increase in positive tests is significant (P < 0.01). It is further noteworthy that positive samples were not evenly distributed among buildings. Surveillance additionally identified the influenza A H3 subtype but did not detect any influenza B. We also systematically analyzed our viral purification protocol to identify in which fraction influenza can be found. While virus can be found in solid fractions, a substantial quantity remains in the final liquid fraction. Our work focuses on individual buildings rather than larger sewersheds because buildings may localize interseasonal influenza variation to specific subpopulations. Our results highlight the potential value of building-level WBS in measuring influenza incidence to help guide public health intervention.IMPORTANCESeasonal influenza remains a major public health burden. We monitored influenza A in dormitory wastewater of a New York City college in 2021 and 2022. Longitudinal samples acquired over consecutive years allowed measurement of individual buildings between seasons. We uncovered building-level changes in the magnitude and timing of test positivity concordant with clinical cases. Surveillance also localized the heterogeneity of influenza variation during the large 2022 seasonal surge. The ability to detect such changes could be leveraged as part of a public health response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R. Germano
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiffany Flores
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Grace S. Freed
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kang Kim
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Grace H. Tulinsky
- Environmental Science Department, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Annie Yang
- Environmental Science Department, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oliver J. Rose
- Office of Facilities Services, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caroline A. Ray
- Office of Health and Wellness, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - April Autry
- Office of Health and Wellness, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marina Catallozzi
- Office of Health and Wellness, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brian J. Mailloux
- Environmental Science Department, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - JJ L. Miranda
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Chen Q, Liu FW, Cho SK, Kim K. 3-D real-time ultrasound tracking of acoustically actuated swimming microdrone. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1547. [PMID: 38233589 PMCID: PMC10794230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Maneuverable microswimmers/microdrones that navigate in hard-to-reach spaces inside human bodies hold a great potential for various biomedical applications. Acoustically actuated microswimmers have already demonstrated feasibility. However, for eventual translation of this technology, a robust 3-D tracking strategy for the microswimmer is particularly required. This paper presents our lab-designed 3-D ultrasound tracking system for real-time tracking of an acoustically actuated 3-D swimming microdrone. The ultrasound tracking system utilizing two ultrasound probes, a step motor and a host controller, was built to track the 3-D arbitrary motion of the microdrone in real-time. The performance of tracking was evaluated in the benchtop experiments by comparing the reconstructed trajectories with synchronized camera recordings. The ultrasound tracking system showed high reliability, with an average error of less than 0.3 mm across six different trials when compared to camera tracking. The results demonstrated the capability of our lab-designed 3-D ultrasound tracking system in accurately tracking the undetermined motion of the acoustic actuated 3-D swimming microdrone in real-time. The developed tracking system holds promise as a potential approach for biomedical applications and could pave the way for future clinical translation of the microswimmer technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 623A Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine & Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Fang-Wei Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Sung Kwon Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Kang Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 623A Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine & Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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10
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Goto S, Kim K, Matubayasi N. Unraveling the Glass-like Dynamic Heterogeneity in Ring Polymer Melts: From Semiflexible to Stiff Chain. ACS Polym Au 2023; 3:437-446. [PMID: 38107414 PMCID: PMC10722566 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Ring polymers are an intriguing class of polymers with unique physical properties, and understanding their behavior is important for developing accurate theoretical models. In this study, we investigate the effect of chain stiffness and monomer density on the static and dynamic behaviors of ring polymer melts using molecular dynamics simulations. Our first focus is on the non-Gaussian parameter of center-of-mass displacement as a measure of dynamic heterogeneity, which is commonly observed in glass-forming liquids. We find that the non-Gaussianity in the displacement distribution increases with the monomer density and stiffness of the polymer chains, suggesting that excluded volume interactions between centers of mass have a strong effect on the dynamics of ring polymers. We then analyze the relationship between the radius of gyration and monomer density for semiflexible and stiff ring polymers. Our results indicate that the relationship between the two varies with chain stiffness, which can be attributed to the competition between repulsive forces inside the ring and from adjacent rings. Finally, we study the dynamics of bond-breakage virtually connected between the centers of mass of rings to analyze the exchanges of intermolecular networks of bonds. Our results demonstrate that the dynamic heterogeneity of bond-breakage is coupled with the non-Gaussianity in ring polymer melts, highlighting the importance of the bond-breaking method in determining the intermolecular dynamics of ring polymer melts. Overall, our study sheds light on the factors that govern the dynamic behaviors of ring polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Goto
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kang Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Matubayasi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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11
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Lee B, Park OK, Pan L, Kim K, Kang T, Kim H, Lee N, Choi SH, Hyeon T. Co-Delivery of Metabolic Modulators Leads to Simultaneous Lactate Metabolism Inhibition and Intracellular Acidification for Synergistic Cancer Therapy. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2305512. [PMID: 37487702 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous lactate metabolism inhibition and intracellular acidification (LIIA) is a promising approach for inducing tumor regression by depleting ATP. However, given the limited efficacy of individual metabolic modulators, a combination of various modulators is required for highly efficient LIIA. Herein, a co-delivery system that combines lactate transporter inhibitor, glucose oxidase, and O2 -evolving nanoparticles is proposed. As a vehicle, a facile room-temperature synthetic method for large-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (L-MSNs) is developed. O2 -evolving nanoparticles are then conjugated onto L-MSNs, followed by immobilizing the lactate transporter inhibitor and glucose oxidase inside the pores of L-MSNs. To load the lactate transporter inhibitor, which is too small to be directly loaded into the large pores, it is encapsulated in albumin by controlling the albumin conformation before being loaded into L-MSNs. Notably, inhibiting lactate efflux shifts the glucose consumption mechanism from lactate metabolism to glucose oxidase reaction, which eliminates glucose and produces acid. This leads to synergistic LIIA and subsequent ATP depletion in cancer cells. Consequently, L-MSN-based co-delivery of modulators for LIIA shows high anticancer efficacy in several mouse tumor models without toxicity in normal tissues. This study provides new insights into co-delivery of small-molecule drugs, proteins, and nanoparticles for synergistic metabolic modulation in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowon Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyu Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Limin Pan
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegyu Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohyun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Harris W, Hellman S, Lin E, Kim K, Yorke ED, Santanam L, Platzman A, Kuligowski J, Tang G. Improving Patient Compliance for More Efficient Deep Inspiration Breath Hold Treatment through Innovation and Education. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e391-e392. [PMID: 37785316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Visual guidance has been widely proven to improve the reproducibility and stability of Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) treatments. Here, we present a quality improvement project by implementing the use of visual guidance in a multi-campus institution to improve clinical efficiency, including the design of a novel mount for the visual aid and the creation of a patient education video to better prepare lung and GI patients for their DIBH treatments. MATERIALS/METHODS Prior to institution-wide implementation, the clinical feasibility of utilizing visual guidance for DIBH treatments was determined by a pilot study with 10 lung/GI patients. A commercial visual guidance device was used, which consisted of a tablet-like device, attached to a mount affixed to the treatment couch. The device is positioned over the patient's head, displaying the real-time vertical motion of a block with infrared markers on the patient's abdomen. The original mount for the device locks onto the superior end of the treatment couch, which occupies space used for immobilization devices and limits the number of patients eligible for visual guidance when the isocenter is inferior, as for GI patients. A novel in-house mount was designed to overcome this limitation. Also, a patient education video was created to introduce the concept of DIBH and the visual aid device. Visual guidance is offered at the first treatment; its use is optional, and patients may start or stop using it at any time. If the device is not used, the patient relies on audio coaching from the radiation therapists (RTTs), which is the standard practice in our clinic. RESULTS All 10 patients in the pilot who were offered the visual aid used it, found it helpful and continued to use it throughout their treatment, with no issues reported. The median number of fractions for all 10 patients was 5(3-15). The in-house mount was manufactured from 3D printed and machined components. The treatment couch was 3D scanned, and the mount was designed to clamp laterally on the couch top and align with the indexing indentations. The in-house mount is easy to use and is more versatile than the commercial mount, enabling use for patients with inferior isocenters. Prior to treatment, patients were encouraged to view the <3 min long patient education video that consisted of a combination of animation and real-actor content. Verbal instructions for use were also given by RTTs at the first treatment. Upon successful completion of the pilot study, the use of visual guidance was implemented institution-wide across 5 campuses for all lung and GI DIBH patients, being utilized on an average of 14 patients/week. CONCLUSION A quality improvement project was developed and successfully implemented to introduce the use of visual guidance for lung and GI DIBH patients at a large institution, improving the efficiency of DIBH treatment for both the patients and RTTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Harris
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - S Hellman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - E Lin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - K Kim
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - E D Yorke
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - L Santanam
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Platzman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J Kuligowski
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - G Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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13
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Park HJ, Kim K, Kim YB, Chang JS, Shin KH. Patterns and Longitudinal Changes in The Practice of Breast Cancer Radiotherapy in Korea: Korean Radiation Oncology Group 22-01. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e197-e198. [PMID: 37784841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To analyze contemporary practice patterns in breast cancer radiotherapy (RT) and to assess longitudinal changes therein over 5 years in Korea. MATERIALS/METHODS A nationwide survey was conducted among board-certified radiation oncologists in Korea by the Division for Breast Cancer of the Korean Radiation Oncology Group in March 2022. The survey consisted of 44 questions related to six domains: hypofractionated (HypoFx) whole breast RT, accelerated partial breast RT (APBI), regional nodal irradiation (RNI), RT for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), postmastectomy RT (PMRT), and tumor bed boost. RESULTS In total, 70 radiation oncologists from 61 of 101 (60%) institutions participated in the survey. HypoFx RT was used by 62 respondents (89%), which has significantly increased from 36% in 2017. The HypoFx RT was commonly administered at 40-42.5 Gy in 15-16 fractions. APBI was used by 12 respondents (17%), which has increased from 5% in 2017. The use of RNI did not change significantly: ≥ pN2 (6%), ≥ pN1 (33%), and ≥ pN1 with pathological risk factors (61%). However, the indications for use of internal mammary lymph node (IMN) irradiation have expanded. In particular, the rates of routine treatment of IMN (11% from 6% in 2017) and treatment in cases of ≥ pN2 (27% from 14% in 2017) have doubled; however, the rate of treatment for only IMN involvement, identified on imaging, has decreased to 31% from 47% in 2017. With regard to DCIS, the use of hypoFx RT increased to 75% from 25%, and the rate of omission on of RT after breast-conserving surgery decreased to 38% from 48% in 2017. The use of hypoFx RT for PMRT also increased to 36% from 8% in 2017. CONCLUSION The adoption of HypoFx RT after breast-conserving surgery in invasive breast cancer and DCIS has increased significantly, whereas that for PMRT has increased moderately, compared to 2017. Further studies are required to determine the optimal use of RNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y B Kim
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J S Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K H Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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14
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Ho UH, Song SR, Choe YI, Pak MH, Kim MH, Kim K, Ho TS. Development of Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation protocol through coleoptile in rice. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:339-349. [PMID: 37318700 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Genetic modification of rice is mainly carried out by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of callus accompanied by tissue culture. It is time consuming, laborious and unapplicable for cultivars unable to induce callus. In this study, we have reported a novel gene transfer protocol that involves pulling out primary leaf from coleoptile and injection of Agrobacterium culture into the empty channel. Out of 25 plants survived after injection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 culture harboring pCAMBIA1301-RD29A-AtDREB1A, 8 T0 plants revealed the expected size of around 811 bp corresponding to AtDREB1A gene and Southern blotting analysis on 18 T1 plants suggested introgression of AtDREB1A. 3 T2 lines (7-9, 12-3, 18-6) exhibited accumulation of free proline and soluble sugars, yet increase of chlorophyll content, but decrease of electrolyte leakage and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde under cold stress condition at the vegetative growth stage. Yield components investigation on T2 lines showed earlier heading date and no yield loss compared to wild type plants grown under normal condition. GUS expression analysis and integrated transgene detection in T0 and T1 plants followed by evaluation of cold stress tolerance in T2 lines suggest the advantage of this in planta transformation protocol to obtain transgenic rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un-Hyang Ho
- Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
| | - Sam-Rang Song
- Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Il Choe
- The Sci-Tech Complex, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Hyok Pak
- Pyongyang Floriculture Institute, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Kim
- Branch of Biotechnology, The State Academy of Science, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Kim
- Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Su Ho
- Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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15
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Feils AS, Erbe AK, Birstler J, Kim K, Hoch U, Currie SL, Nguyen T, Yu D, Siefker-Radtke AO, Tannir N, Tolaney SM, Diab A, Sondel PM. Associations between KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes and clinical outcome for patients with advanced solid tumors receiving BEMPEG plus nivolumab combination therapy in the PIVOT-02 trial. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:2099-2111. [PMID: 36823323 PMCID: PMC10264535 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG), a CD122-preferential IL2 pathway agonist, has been shown to induce proliferation and activation of NK cells. NK activation is dependent on the balance of inhibitory and excitatory signals transmitted by NK receptors, including Fc-gamma receptors (FCγRs) and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) along with their KIR-ligands. The repertoire of KIRs/KIR-ligands an individual inherits and the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FCγRs can influence NK function and affect responses to immunotherapies. In this retrospective analysis of the single-arm PIVOT-02 trial, 200 patients with advanced solid tumors were genotyped for KIR/KIR-ligand gene status and FCγR SNP status and evaluated for associations with clinical outcome. Patients with inhibitory KIR2DL2 and its ligand (HLA-C1) observed significantly greater tumor shrinkage (TS, median change -13.0 vs. 0%) and increased PFS (5.5 vs. 3.3 months) and a trend toward improved OR (31.2 vs. 19.5%) compared to patients with the complementary genotype. Furthermore, patients with KIR2DL2 and its ligand together with inhibitory KIR3DL1 and its ligand (HLA-Bw4) had improved OR (36.5 vs. 19.6%), greater TS (median change -16.1 vs. 0%), and a trend toward prolonged PFS (8.4 vs. 3.6 months) as compared to patients with the complementary genotype. FCγR polymorphisms did not influence OR/PFS/TS.These data show that clinical response to BEMPEG plus nivolumab treatment in the PIVOT-02 trial may be associated with the repertoire of KIR/KIR-ligands an individual inherits. Further investigation and validation of these results may enable KIR/KIR-ligand genotyping to be utilized prospectively for identifying patients likely to benefit from certain cancer immunotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Feils
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A K Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Birstler
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - U Hoch
- Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - T Nguyen
- Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Yu
- Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - N Tannir
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S M Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Diab
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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16
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Kim K, Song SH, Kim IJ, Jeon YK. Correction: Is dual-energy absorptiometry accurate in the assessment of bone status of patients with chronic kidney disease? Osteoporos Int 2023:10.1007/s00198-023-06834-3. [PMID: 37358609 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Song
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - I-J Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Gudeok-ro 179, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-739, South Korea
| | - Y K Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Gudeok-ro 179, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-739, South Korea.
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17
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Shikata K, Kikutsuji T, Yasoshima N, Kim K, Matubayasi N. Revealing the hidden dynamics of confined water in acrylate polymers: Insights from hydrogen-bond lifetime analysis. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2887576. [PMID: 37125720 DOI: 10.1063/5.0148753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers contain functional groups that participate in hydrogen bond (H-bond) with water molecules, establishing a robust H-bond network that influences bulk properties. This study utilized molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to examine the H-bonding dynamics of water molecules confined within three poly(meth)acrylates: poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), and poly(1-methoxymethyl acrylate) (PMC1A). Results showed that H-bonding dynamics significantly slowed as the water content decreased. Additionally, the diffusion of water molecules and its correlation with H-bond breakage were analyzed. Our findings suggest that when the H-bonds between water molecules and the methoxy oxygen of PMEA are disrupted, those water molecules persist in close proximity and do not diffuse on a picosecond time scale. In contrast, the water molecules H-bonded with the hydroxy oxygen of PHEMA and the methoxy oxygen of PMC1A diffuse concomitantly with the breakage of H-bonds. These results provide an in-depth understanding of the impact of polymer functional groups on H-bonding dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kokoro Shikata
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takuma Kikutsuji
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasoshima
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Department of Information and Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Toyota College, 2-1 Eiseicho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8525, Japan
| | - Kang Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Matubayasi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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18
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Kim K, Lee J, Park OK, Kim J, Kim J, Lee D, Paidi VK, Jung E, Lee HS, Lee B, Lee CW, Ko W, Lee K, Jung Y, Lee C, Lee N, Back S, Choi SH, Hyeon T. Geometric Tuning of Single-Atom FeN 4 Sites via Edge-Generation Enhances Multi-Enzymatic Properties. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2207666. [PMID: 36854306 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) are considered promising alternatives to natural enzymes. The catalytic performance of SAzymes featuring homogeneous, well-defined active structures can be enhanced through elucidating structure-activity relationship and tailoring physicochemical properties. However, manipulating enzymatic properties through structural variation is an underdeveloped approach. Herein, the synthesis of edge-rich Fe single-atom nanozymes (FeNC-edge) via an H2 O2 -mediated edge generation is reported. By controlling the number of edge sites, the peroxidase (POD)- and oxidase (OXD)-like performance is significantly enhanced. The activity enhancement results from the presence of abundant edges, which provide new anchoring sites to mononuclear Fe. Experimental results combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that FeN4 moieties in the edge sites display high electron density of Fe atoms and open N atoms. Finally, it is demonstrated that FeNC-edge nanozyme effectively inhibits tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that edge-tailoring is an efficient strategy for developing artificial enzymes as novel catalytic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyu Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongseung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiheon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinod K Paidi
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, 38043 Cedex 9, France
| | - Euiyeon Jung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Seok Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bowon Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Ko
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangjae Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changha Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohyun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoin Back
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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19
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Cormack JM, Simon MA, Kim K. Backscatter tensor imaging and 3D speckle tracking for simultaneous ex vivo structure and deformation measurement of myocardium. Ultrasound Med Biol 2023; 49:1238-1247. [PMID: 36858914 PMCID: PMC10050135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biaxial mechanical testing is a common method for elucidation of mechanical properties of excised ventricular myocardium, especially in the context of structural remodeling that accompanies heart disease. Current imaging strategies in biaxial testing are based on optical camera imaging of the tissue surface, thus providing no information about the tissue microstructure and limiting strain measurements to two dimensions. Here, these limitations are overcome by replacing the camera with ultrasound imaging in order to measure both transmural fiber orientation and 3D tissue deformation during biaxial testing. METHODS Quasi-static biaxial mechanical testing is applied to four samples of excised porcine ventricular myocardium (two left- and two right-ventricular tissues). During testing, a rotational scan of an ultrasound linear array provides data for both backscatter tensor imaging and 3D speckle tracking, from which transmural fiber orientation and tissue deformation are computed, respectively. Ultrasound-derived fiber orientation and tissue strain are validated against histology and camera surface imaging, respectively. DISCUSSION Ultrasound-derived fiber angle and tissue strain exhibit good accuracy, with root-mean-square errors of 9.9° and 1.2% strain, respectively. Further investigation into the optimization of backscatter tensor imaging is warranted. Replacing the rotational scan of a linear array with volume imaging with a matrix array will improve the technique. CONCLUSION Ultrasound imaging can replace the optical camera measurement during biaxial mechanical testing of ventricular myocardium in order to accurately provide measurements of transmural fiber orientation and tissue strain. In situ knowledge of transmural fiber structure and tissue deformation can enhance the inverse problem used to determine tissue mechanical properties from biaxial testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Cormack
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261-1909, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
| | - Marc A Simon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Kang Kim
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261-1909, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
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Hoefges A, McIlwain SJ, Erbe AK, Mathers N, Xu A, Melby D, Tetreault K, Le T, Kim K, Pinapati RS, Garcia B, Patel J, Heck M, Feils AS, Tsarovsky N, Hank JA, Morris ZS, Ong IM, Sondel PM. Antibody landscape of C57BL/6 mice cured of B78 melanoma via immunotherapy. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.24.529012. [PMID: 36896021 PMCID: PMC9996675 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Hoefges et al. utilized a whole-proteome peptide array approach to show that C57BL/6 mice develop a large repertoire of antibodies against linear peptide sequences of their melanoma after receiving a curative immunotherapy regimen consisting of radiation and an immunocytokine. Antibodies can play an important role in innate and adaptive immune responses against cancer, and in preventing infectious disease. Flow cytometry analysis of sera of immune mice that were previously cured of their melanoma through a combined immunotherapy regimen with long-term memory showed strong antibody-binding against melanoma tumor cell lines. Using a high-density whole-proteome peptide array, we assessed potential protein-targets for antibodies found in immune sera. Sera from 6 of these cured mice were analyzed with this high-density, whole-proteome peptide array to determine specific antibody-binding sites and their linear peptide sequence. We identified thousands of peptides that were targeted by 2 or more of these 6 mice and exhibited strong antibody binding only by immune, not naive sera. Confirmatory studies were done to validate these results using 2 separate ELISA-based systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the "immunome" of protein-based epitopes that are recognized by immune sera from mice cured of cancer via immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hoefges
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - S J McIlwain
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A K Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - N Mathers
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A Xu
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - D Melby
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K Tetreault
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - B Garcia
- Nimble Therapeutics, Inc., Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Patel
- Nimble Therapeutics, Inc., Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Heck
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A S Feils
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - N Tsarovsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J A Hank
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Z S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - I M Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - P M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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21
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Kim K. Prescription of Aceis and Arbs on an Individualized Basis for Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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22
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Im GB, Kim YG, Yoo TY, Kim YH, Kim K, Hyun J, Soh M, Hyeon T, Bhang SH. Ceria Nanoparticles as Copper Chaperones that Activate SOD1 for Synergistic Antioxidant Therapy to Treat Ischemic Vascular Diseases. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2208989. [PMID: 36706357 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
All exogenous nanomaterials undergo rapid biotransformation once injected into the body and fall short of executing the intended purpose. Here, it is reported that copper-deposited ceria nanoparticles (CuCe NPs) exhibit enhanced antioxidant effects over pristine ceria nanoparticles, as the released copper buffers the depletion of glutathione while providing the bioavailable copper as a cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase 1. The upregulated intracellular antioxidants along with the ceria nanoparticles synergistically scavenge reactive oxygen species and promote anti-inflammation and M2 polarization of macrophages by modulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and 6 (STAT1 and STAT6). The therapeutic effect of CuCe NPs is demonstrated in ischemic vascular diseases (i.e., murine models of hindlimb ischemia and myocardial infarction) in which the copper-deposition affords increased perfusion and alleviation in tissue damage. The results provide rationale that metal oxide nanomaterials can be designed in a way to induce the upregulation of specific biological factors for optimal therapeutic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang-Bum Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Geon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yong Yoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hwan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyu Hyun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soh
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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23
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Kim E, Kim K, Park S, Youn J. Real-World Eligibility and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Empagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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24
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Aoki H, Kawataki M, Kim K, Saito T, Inagaki Y, Shimokaze T, Ishikawa H, Toyoshima K. Reopening of ductus arteriosus in idiopathic premature constriction or closure of ductus arteriosus: A case series. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:75-80. [PMID: 36872790 DOI: 10.3233/npm-221013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no consensus on managing pregnancy when the fetus is diagnosed with idiopathic premature constriction or closure of the ductus arteriosus (PCDA). Knowing whether the ductus reopens is valuable information for managing idiopathic PCDA. We conducted a case-series study to investigate the natural perinatal course of idiopathic PCDA and examined factors associated with ductal reopening. METHODS We retrospectively collected information about the perinatal course and echocardiographic findings at our institution, which, on principle, does not determine delivery timing based on fetal echocardiographic results. We also examined perinatal factors related to the reopening of the ductus arteriosus. RESULTS Thirteen cases of idiopathic PCDA were included in the analysis. The ductus reopened in 38% of cases. Among cases diagnosed in < 37 weeks of gestation, 71% reopened, which was confirmed seven days after diagnosis (interquartile range 4-7). Diagnosis earlier in gestation was associated with ductal reopening (p = 0.006). Two cases (15%) developed persistent pulmonary hypertension. No fetal hydrops or death occurred. CONCLUSIONS The ductus is likely to reopen when prenatally diagnosed before 37 weeks gestation. There were no complications due to our pregnancy management policy. In idiopathic PCDA, especially if the prenatal diagnosis is made before 37 weeks of gestational age, continuing the pregnancy with careful monitoring of the fetus's well-being is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Aoki
- Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Kawataki
- Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Inagaki
- Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - T Shimokaze
- Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Ishikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Toyoshima
- Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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Archer BT, Chao YH, Cormack JM, Kim K, Spratt KS, Hamilton MF. Longitudinal motion of focused shear wave beams in soft elastic media. J Acoust Soc Am 2023; 153:1591. [PMID: 37002086 DOI: 10.1121/10.0017434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Shear waves are employed in medical ultrasound imaging because they reveal variations in viscoelastic properties of soft tissue. Frequencies below 1 kHz are required due to the substantially higher attenuation and lower propagation speeds than for compressional waves. Shear waves exhibiting particle motion in the direction of propagation, referred to as longitudinal shear waves, can be generated with longitudinal motion of a circular disk on the surface of a soft elastic medium. This approach permits imaging of the longitudinal shear wave with a conventional ultrasound transducer that is coaxial with the source of the shear wave. Presented here is a mathematical model describing the complete wave field generated by displacement at the surface of an isotropic elastic half-space. Numerical simulations are shown for longitudinal, transverse, torsional, and radial source polarizations, with emphasis on focused longitudinal shear waves. Predictions are consistent with measurements of light beams revealing that the longitudinal electric field component produces a smaller focal spot than the transverse field component [Dorn, Quabis, and Leuchs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 233901 (2003)]. Simulations are compared with preliminary measurements of a focused longitudinal shear wave beam generated in a soft tissue phantom by longitudinal motion of a spherically concave piston.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branch T Archer
- Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - John M Cormack
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Kang Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Kyle S Spratt
- Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78713-8029, USA
| | - Mark F Hamilton
- Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78713-8029, USA
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26
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Byun J, Kim Y, Seo J, Kim E, Kim K, Jo A, Lee W, Park B. Development and evaluation of photon-counting Cd 0.875Zn 0.125Te 0.98Se 0.02 detector for measuring bone mineral density. Phys Eng Sci Med 2023; 46:245-253. [PMID: 36592283 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-022-01213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) has been actively researched and developed by researchers in various fields. In medical applications, especially photon-counting, CZT enables improved image quality, multi-material decomposition, and improved dose efficiency. Moreover, band gap engineering and selenium addition on CZT improved electrical, spectroscopic and structural properties, thereby supporting performance of CZT as a photon-counting detector. In this study, it is shown that Cd0.875Zn0.125Te0.98Se0.02 (CZTS) shows sufficient performance without loss of detection efficiency. We carried out a study involving the application of this CZTS on calculating bone mineral density (BMD) values, because this application has a novelty of new material for BMD sensor which follows the CdTe- or CdZnTe- based BMD detector. Anatomical images from different energy bins contained different information of attenuation although the images were taken in the same region at the same time. Moreover, calculated BMD values had a proper tendency depending on the amount of bone in that region. The final BMD value was 1.1972 g/cm2, which is close to the real value of 1.2 g/cm2. The introduction with a bone filter and a smaller pixel size will improve the accuracy and precision of photon-counting CZTS detectors for measuring BMD values. However, in this study the CZTS showed the feasibility that a photon-counting CZTS detector can help the measurement of BMD values and the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Byun
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Marine Radioactivity Monitoring Group, Korea Marine Environment Management Corporation, Busan, 48931, Korea
| | - J Seo
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - K Kim
- Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - A Jo
- Health Science Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - W Lee
- Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Graduate School, Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - B Park
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
- Liquid Crystals Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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Patetta M, Kim K, Commander C, Bream P. Abstract No. 175 Weighted Tip Extensions Result in Fewer GJ Tube Migrations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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28
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Lee J, Islam M, Yoo Y, Kim S, Kim R, Jang Y, Lee S, Hwang H, Shin H, Hwang J, Kim K, Park B, Ahn D, Lee Y, Kim T, Kim I, Yoon J, Tae H. Changes of antioxidant enzymes in the kidney after cardiac arrest in the rat model. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12408. [PMID: 36790289 PMCID: PMC9925192 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cardiac arrest (CA) is a leading cause of death and disability. Asphyxial CA (ACA)-induced kidney damage is a crucial factor in reducing the survival rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of antioxidant enzymes in histopathological renal damage in an ACA rat model at different time points. A total of 88 rats were divided into five groups and exposed to ACA except for the sham group. To evaluate glomerular function and oxidative stress, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Crtn) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in renal tissues were measured. To determine histopathological damage, hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and Masson's trichrome staining were performed. Expression levels of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Survival rate of the experimental rats was reduced to 80% at 6 h, 55% at 12 h, 42.9% at 1 day, and 33% at 2 days after return of spontaneous circulation. Levels of BUN, Crtn, and MDA started to increase significantly in the early period of CA induction. Renal histopathological damage increased markedly from 6 h until two days post-CA. Additionally, expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased at 6 h, 12 h, 1 day, and 2 days after CA. CA-induced oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD-1, SOD-2, CAT, GPx) from 6 h to two days could be possible mediators of severe renal tissue damage and increased mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.H. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - M.S. Islam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Y.J. Yoo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - S.E. Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - R.H. Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Y.J. Jang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - S.H. Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - H.P. Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - H.Y. Shin
- Animal Model Research Group, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - J.H. Hwang
- Animal Model Research Group, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongup, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - K. Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - B.Y. Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - D. Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Y. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - T. Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - I.S. Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - J.C. Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - H.J. Tae
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
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Min K, Piao XM, Kim SK, Park SH, Kang H, Kim W, Kim K, Park H, Yun S. Bifidobacterium species BB_003 enhances antitumor immunity in patients with NMIBC and improve recurrence-free survival. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Hassan E, Kessel CE, Park JM, Elwasif WR, Whitfield RE, Kim K, Snyder PB, Batchelor DB, Bernholdt DE, Cianciosa MR, Green DL, Law KJH. Core-Pedestal Plasma Configurations in Advanced Tokamaks. Fusion Science and Technology 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2022.2145826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Hassan
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Ain Shams University, Physics Faculty of Science, Cairo, Egypt
| | - C. E. Kessel
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - J. M. Park
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | | | - K. Kim
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - P. B. Snyder
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | - D. L. Green
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Sydney, New South Wales, Austalia
| | - K. J. H. Law
- University of Manchester, Department of Mathematics, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Hamid O, Lewis K, Weise A, McKean M, Papadopoulos K, Crown J, Thomas S, Kaczmar J, Lakhani N, Kim T, Kim K, Rabinowits G, Spira A, Mani J, Chen S, Gullo G. 150P Phase I study of fianlimab: A human lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) monoclonal antibody, in combination with cemiplimab in advanced melanoma (mel) - Subgroup analysis. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ho UH, Pak SH, Kim K, Pak HS. Efficient screening of SNP in canine OR52N9 and OR9S25 as assistant marker of olfactory ability. J Vet Behav 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ko H, Park Y, Kim J, Yang G, Byun H, Kim Y, Jung W, Park G, Lee H, Hong C, Kim K, Chang J. Axillary-Lateral Thoracic Vessel Juncture Radiotherapy Dose Constraints for Predicting Long-Term Lymphedema Risk in Patients with Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Choi M, Chang J, Kim K, Chun M, Chun J, Kim J, Shin K, Kim Y. Contouring Variations and the Role of Deep Learning-Based Auto-Contouring in Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy: A Multi-Institutional Planning Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kim D, Kim K, Kim J, Kang S, Park J, Shin K. Near-Maximum Rib Dose is the Most Relevant Risk Factor for Ipsilateral Spontaneous Rib Fracture: A Dosimetric Analysis of Breast Cancer Patients after Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Jagodinsky J, Jin W, Bates A, Clark P, Sriramaneni R, Havighurst T, Chakravarthy I, Nystuen E, Kim K, Sondel P, Morris Z. Intratumoral MPL Induces Th1 Polarization and Augments In Situ Vaccination Generated by Radiation and Checkpoint Blockade. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ryu H, Song C, Kim J, Jeon J, Kim K, Cho S, Jheon S, Kim S, Kim Y, Lee J. Role of Prognostic Nutritional Index in Postoperative Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kwon C, Huntress L, Lee K, Kim K, Adkoli A, Beckerman W, Balica A. 8477 Uterine Artery Embolization Via Transradial Versus Transfemoral Arterial Access: Technical and Clinical Results. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Choi S, Kang M, Kim JW, Kim J, Hwang Y, Jeon J, Oh HK, Lee H, Cho J, Kim DW, Cho S, Kim J, Kim K, Kang SB, Jheon S, Lee KW. 48P Long-term clinical outcomes after the second metastasectomy in patients (pts) with resected metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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40
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Kim K, Lee SJ, Seo J, Suh YJ, Cho I, Hong GR, Ha JW, Kim YJ, Shim CY. Assessment of aortic valve area on cardiac computed tomography and doppler echocardiography: differences and clinical significance in symptomatic bicuspid aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Backgrounds
This study aimed to investigate the differences and clinical significance of effective orifice area (EOA) on Doppler echocardiography and geometric orifice area (GOA) on cardiac computed tomography (CT) in bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS).
Methods
One-hundred sixty-three consecutive patients (age 64±10 years, 56.4% men) with symptomatic bicuspid AS who were referred for surgery and underwent both cardiac CT and echocardiography within 3 months were studied. For the aortic valve area, GOACT was measured by multiplanar CT planimetry, and EOAEcho was calculated by continuity equation with Doppler echocardiography. The associations of GOACT and EOAEcho with the patients' symptom scale, biomarkers, and left ventricular (LV) functional variables were comprehensively analyzed.
Results
There was a significant but modest correlation between EOAEcho and GOACT (r=0.604, p<0.001). Both EOAEcho and GOACT revealed significant correlations with mean pressure gradient and peak transaortic velocity and the coefficients were higher in EOAEcho than GOACT. EOAEcho of 1.05 cm2 and GOACT of 1.25 cm2 correspond to the hemodynamic cut-off values for diagnosing severe AS. EOAEcho was well correlated with patients' symptom scale and log NT-pro BNP, but GOACT was not. In addition, EOAEcho showed higher correlation coefficient with estimated LV filling pressure and LV global longitudinal strain than GOACT.
Conclusions
Both EOAEcho and GOACT can be used to evaluate the severity of bicuspid AS, however, the threshold for GOACT for diagnosing severe AS should be applied higher than that for EOAEcho. EOAEcho tends to be more correlated with the patients' symptom degree, biomarkers, and LV functional variables than GOACT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): The Korean Cardiac Research Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Lee
- Severance Hospital, Radiology , Seoul , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - J Seo
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Suh
- Severance Hospital, Radiology , Seoul , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - I Cho
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - G R Hong
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J W Ha
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C Y Shim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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Kim K, Lee K, Jung J, Choi I, Lee J, Lee J, Lee S, Lee P, Lee S, Yoo K, Yun K, Lee H, Her S. Clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention and rotational atherectomy using second generation drug eluting stents: a Korean multicentre analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of different second generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients with calcified coronary lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention using rotational atherectomy.
Methods
This study was based on a multicentre registry which enrolled patients with calcified coronary artery disease who received RA during between January 2010 and October 2019 from 9 tertiary centres in Korea. The primary outcome was target-vessel failure (TVF), defined as the compositae of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and target-vessel revascularisation (TVR). The secondary outcomes were all-cause death, cardiac death, target vessel MI, TVR, cardiovascular accident, stent thrombosis, and total bleeding.
Results
540 patients who underwent PCI after RA were enrolled and followed up for a median period of 16.1 months. From this registry, 439 patients who were treated using second generation DES were selected for further analysis. They were divided into four groups based on the characteristics of the stents used during the procedure. [Group I cobalt-chromium sirolimus eluting stent (CoCr-SES): Ultimaster 48 & Orsiro 30, Group II platinum-chromium everolimus eluting stent (PtCr-EES): Synergy 93 & Promus 70, Group III cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stent (CoCr-EES): Xience 105, Group IV zotarolimus eluting stent (ZES): Resolute 93] There was no inter-group difference in procedural success rates, and the primary outcome of TVF showed no difference across the four groups (I: 10.3%, II: 13.5%, III: 13.3%, IV: 15.1%, log-rank p=0.922). Even after multivariate Cox regression analysis, there was no significant difference in TVF, or the secondary outcomes of all-cause death, cardiac death, target vessel MI, TVR, cardiovascular accident, stent thrombosis, and total bleeding.
Conclusions
There was no difference in procedural success rates and clinical outcomes between four different types of second-generation DES (CoCr-SES, PtCr-EES, CoCr-EES, ZES) in patients who underwent PCI using RA.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Lee
- Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Jung
- Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - I Choi
- St.Marys Hospital , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Lee
- Chungnam National University Hospital , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Lee
- Kyungpook National University Hospital , Daegu , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - P Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Yoo
- St. Vincent's Hospital , Suwon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Yun
- Wonkwang University Hospital , Iksan , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Lee
- Sejong General Hospital , Bucheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Her
- St. Vincent's Hospital , Suwon , Korea (Republic of)
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Kim K, Seo J, Cho I, Choi EY, Hong GR, Ha JW, Rim SJ, Shim CY. Characteristics and clinical implications of premature summation of early and late diastolic filling in patients without tachycardia. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Backgrounds
The summation of early (E) and late diastolic filling (A) on mitral inflow Doppler even in the absence of tachycardia is often found during assessments of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. We evaluated the echocardiographic characteristics and clinical implications of premature E-A summation.
Methods
We identified 1,014 subjects who showed E-A summation and normal LV ejection fraction between January 2019 and June 2021 in two tertiary hospitals. Among these, 105 (10.4%) subjects showed premature E-A summation at heart rates less than 100 beats per minute (bpm). The conventional echocardiographic parameters and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) were compared with 1:1 age, sex, and heart rate matched controls without E-A summation.
Results
The premature E-A summation group had a heart rate of 96.4±3.7 bpm. Only 4 (3.8%) subjects were classified as having LV diastolic dysfunction according to the current guidelines. That group showed prolonged isovolumic relaxation time (107.2±25.3 vs. 61.6±15.6 msec, p<0.001), increased Tei index (0.76±0.19 vs. 0.48±0.10, p<0.001), lower LVEF (63.8±7.0 vs. 67.3±5.6%, p<0.001) and lower absolute LV GLS (|LV GLS|) (17.0±4.2 vs. 19.7±3.3%, p<0.001) than controls. As the E-A summation occurred at lower heart rate, the |LV GLS| was also lower (p for trend=0.002).
Conclusions
The premature E-A summation at heart rates less than 100 bpm is associated with subclinical LV dysfunction. Time-based indices and LV GLS are helpful for evaluating this easily overlooked population.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Seo
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - I Cho
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E Y Choi
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - G R Hong
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J W Ha
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Rim
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C Y Shim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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Eikelboom R, Qui Y, Kim K, Whitlock R, Belley-Cote E. Dual versus single antiplatelet therapy after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the intervention of choice for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis who have high or intermediate surgical risk. TAVR valves are at risk of thrombosis and serious sequelae including stroke, peripheral embolism, and valve dysfunction requiring intervention. The optimal method of antithrombotic therapy to reduce risk of thrombosis with an acceptable increase in risk of bleeding is uncertain.
Objectives
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the effects of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) on mortality, thrombosis and bleeding in patients undergoing TAVR.
Methods
We systematically searched EMBASE, MEDLINE and CENTRAL from January 1, 2002 until February 9, 2021 for randomized trials comparing DAPT to SAPT after TAVR. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, and then the full text of potentially relevant articles in duplicate. Data abstraction and risk of bias was also performed in duplicate. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were pooled using the Mantel-Haenzel method and random effects modelling. We assessed the certainty of the evidence for each outcome using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
Results
We included 4 randomized controlled trials of 1086 patients. Risk of bias was low or somewhat concerning for all studies. We found no difference in mortality (risk ratio (RR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63 to 1.63) or stroke (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.57–1.84), but a significant increase in major bleeding (RR 2.04, 95% CI, 1.31–3.19), with DAPT compared to SAPT. There were too few events to conduct meta-analysis for clinical valve thrombosis, subclinical valve thrombosis, transvalvular gradients on echocardiography, or aortic valve reintervention. The certainty of the evidence was low or very low due to risk of bias, inconsistency, and imprecision.
Conclusions
There is very low certainty evidence that DAPT has little to no effect compared to SAPT on mortality and stroke. There is low certainty evidence that DAPT likely causes more major bleeding than SAPT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y Qui
- McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
| | - K Kim
- McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
| | - R Whitlock
- Population Health Research Institute , Hamilton , Canada
| | - E Belley-Cote
- Population Health Research Institute , Hamilton , Canada
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Sano M, Toyota T, Morimoto T, Okada T, Sasaki Y, Taniguchi T, Kim K, Kobori A, Ehara N, Kinoshita M, Doi A, Tomii K, Kihara Y, Furukawa Y. Prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 using high-sensitive troponin I and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases or myocardial injury, are reported to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, detailed prognostic analysis of myocardial injury by various biomarkers in COVID-19 patients is limited.
Purpose
This study aims to explore the prognostic values of high-sensitive Troponin I (hsTnI) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for COVID-19 patients using Japanese real-world data.
Methods
The COVID-MI study is a retrospective cohort study that enrolls consecutive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital from July 2020 to September 2021. We collected clinical data, including cardiac biomarker values, by chart review. If the prespecified biomarkers in concern were not available, we measured them using the institutional serum blood bank, which enrolled patients prospectively from July 2020. Patients with available biomarkers were analyzed according to the values of hsTnI or NT-proBNP, using the clinically relevant thresholds (hsTnI: 5 ng/L and 99th percentile of the upper reference limit [99%ile URL], and NT-proBNP: 125 pg/mL and 900 pg/mL). The primary outcome measure was all-cause death. Secondary outcome measures included acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocardial infarction, myocarditis/pericarditis, venous thromboembolism, cerebral infarction, and bleeding events.
Results
We enrolled 917 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by viral nucleic acid amplification test. The mean age was 61 years, and 591 patients (64%) were men. On admission, the number of patients classified as severe or critical COVID-19 was 515 (56%) and 85 (8.7%), respectively. Among the 544 patients with hsTnI values, 365 (67%) patients had elevated hsTnI of ≥5 ng/L, and 134 patients (25%) had TnI of ≥99%ile URL. Besides, among 546 patients with NT-proBNP values, 295 patients (54%) had elevated NT-pro-BNP of ≥125 pg/mL, and 93 patients (17%) had NT-proBNP of ≥900 pg/mL. The median follow-up period was 31 days (interquartile range: 11–90 days). In cumulative incidence analysis, higher levels of hsTnI and NT-proBNP were associated with significantly higher mortality (hsTnI: <5 ng/L group; 8.8%, 5 ng/L to 99%ile URL group; 19%, and ≥99%ile URL group; 37%, P<0.001, and NT-proBNP: <125 pg/mL group; 7.8%, 125 to 900 pg/mL group; 21%, and ≥900 pg/mL group; 45%, P<0.001). The adjusted risk for all-cause death remained significant for each threshold of cardiac biomarkers (hsTnI ≥99%ile URL: hazard ratio [HR] 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–3.54, P=0.02, and NT-proBNP ≥900 pg/mL: HR 3.60, 95% CI 1.86–6.98, P<0.001).
Conclusion
Elevation of hsTnI or NT-proBNP was associated with poor prognosis in the current relatively severely ill COVID-19 patients. Measuring hsTnI or NT-proBNP can be an attractive option for risk stratification and deciding appropriate management in patients with COVID-19.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Institutional Research Fund at Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sano
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - T Toyota
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - T Morimoto
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Center for Clinical Research and Innovation , Kobe , Japan
| | - T Okada
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - Y Sasaki
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - K Kim
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - A Kobori
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - N Ehara
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - M Kinoshita
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - A Doi
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases , Kobe , Japan
| | - K Tomii
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - Y Kihara
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital , Kobe , Japan
| | - Y Furukawa
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Kobe , Japan
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O'Neill DG, Kim K, Brodbelt DC, Church DB, Pegram C, Baldrey V. Demography, disorders and mortality of pet hamsters under primary veterinary care in the United Kingdom in 2016. J Small Anim Pract 2022; 63:747-755. [PMID: 35732354 PMCID: PMC9796486 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hamsters are popular pets worldwide but there is limited evidence on the overall health issues of pet hamsters. This study aimed to characterise the demography, disorder prevalence and mortality of pet hamsters in the United Kingdom. METHOD The VetCompass study included anonymised clinical records of 16,605 hamsters. RESULTS The most common hamster species were Syrian (golden) (Mesocricetus auratus) (n=12,197, 73.45%), Djungarian (winter white dwarf) (Phodopus sungorus) (2286, 13.77%) and Roborovski hamsters (Phodopus roborovskii) (1054, 6.35%). The most prevalent precise-level disorders recorded across all hamsters were a presentation categorised as 'wet tail' (n=293, 7.33%), disorder undiagnosed (292, 7.30%), bite injuries from other hamsters (235, 5.88%), overgrown nail(s) (165, 4.13%), overgrown incisor(s) (159, 3.98%) and traumatic injury (152, 3.80%). The most prevalent disorders groups across all species of hamster were traumatic injury (n=616, 15.41%), enteropathy (450, 11.26%), ophthalmological disorder (445, 11.13%), skin disorder (362, 9.05%) and mass (361, 9.03%). The median age at death across all hamsters was 1.75 years (interquartile range: 0.83 to 2.20, range: 0.01 to 3.65). The most common causes of death at a precise level were wet tail (7.88%, 95% confidence interval: 6.35 to 9.66), abdominal mass (6.40%, 95% confidence interval: 5.01 to 8.03), neoplasia (5.38%, 95% confidence interval: 4.11 to 6.90) and dyspnoea (3.99%, 95% confidence interval: 2.9 to 5.34). CONCLUSION This study provides veterinary professionals, educators, welfare scientists and owners with an evidence base on pet hamster health. A greater understanding of the common disorders of pet hamsters can support veterinary professionals to communicate more effectively with owners on key issues and outcomes to expect from hamster ownership.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. G. O'Neill
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldAL9 7TAUK
| | - K. Kim
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldAL9 7TAUK
| | - D. C. Brodbelt
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldAL9 7TAUK
| | - D. B. Church
- Clinical Science and ServicesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldAL9 7TAUK
| | - C. Pegram
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldAL9 7TAUK
| | - V. Baldrey
- Clinical Science and ServicesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldAL9 7TAUK
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Kang S, Ryu B, Sa J, Kim H, Park K, Yu S, Hong D, Kim K. P12.04.A Exosomes from glioma associated sphere forming cells induce a transition of invasive phenotype via transfer of EMP2 and CA9. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) mostly occurs local recurrence at normal parenchyme adjacent tumor despite of conventional treatment. Glioma stem like cells (GSC) forming intratumoral heterogeneity within the GBM acquired the microenvironmental adaptation by inter-exosomal contents exchange between heterogenic cells. In addition, GSC has an invasive potential as like human GBM. Therefore, we investigate whether exosomal proteins of GSC affect the normal tissue invasion in GBM.
Material and Methods
Exosomes were isolated by Size-Exclusion method from conditioned media and validated by Electron microscope and Immunoblot assay. Exosomal proteomics were examined with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). To produce the fluorescent exosome, bi-cistron vectors were cloned with shRNA and CD63-GFP. To identify the effect of tranfected exosome, the isolated exosomes were treated to recipient cells and examined the invasion by 3D invasion assay and mouse intracranial model.
Results
Firstly, we dichotomized two groups following tumor invasion at matrigel assay and GSC derived orthotopic mouse model. CSC2 and X01 GSCs revealed highly invasive phenotype whereas 83NS and 528NS GSCs did not. Exosome was isolated in each group and identified by CD63 expression or electron microscopy. In proteomics analysis, hypoxia, extracellular matrix organization, GTPase cycle related proteins were enriched in highly invasive cell’s exosome. Among them, we focused the carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) and the epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) on its permissive role to glioblastoma invasion respectively. CA9 and EMP2 mRNA and protein levels were verified in GSCs and their exosomes and the high expression levels were detected in CSC2 and X01 compared to the low one in 83NS and 528NS GSCs. To evaluate the effects of CA9 and EMP2 on exosome mediated invasion potential, viral bi-cistron vectors was composed with the target gene knockdown and the CD63 fluorescence was used to detect intracellular exosome transfer. Interestingly, the decreased expression of phosphorylated FAK, a key invasive marker, was observed after Lentiviral mediated CA9- and EMP2-knockdown in highly invasive CSC2. To identify whether CA9 and EMP2 proteins are the intracellular effector protein responsible for exosome mediated glioma invasion, the donor exosomes (Exo-CSC2-sh-CA9 and Exo-CSC2-EMP2, after Lentiviral transfection to CSC2s) were isolated and treated to the non invasive 528NS cells as recipient cells. In 3D invasion assay, Exo-CSC2-shCA9 or Exo-CSC2-shEMP2 mediated tumor invasion was significantly decreased at 528NS GSCs compared to Exo-CSC2-shEV. These features were found at mouse intracranial model as well.
Conclusion
Together with these, we conclude that exosome derived from GSCs induces a transition of invasive phenotype via transfer of EMP2 and CA9 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - B Ryu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Sa
- Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - D Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
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Kim S, Chowdhury T, Yu H, Choi S, Kim K, Kang H, Lee J, Lee S, Won J, Kim K, Kim K, Kim M, Lee J, Kim J, Kim Y, Kim T, Choi S, Phi J, Shin Y, Ku J, Lee S, Yun H, Lee H, Kim D, Kim K, Hur JK, Park S, Kim S, Park C. P02.01.B The telomere maintenance mechanism spectrum and its dynamics in gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The activation of the telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) is one of the critical drivers of cancer cell immortality. In gliomas, TERT expression and TERT promoter mutation are considered to reliably indicate telomerase activation, while ATRX mutation indicates alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). However, these relationships have not been extensively validated in tumor tissues. Here, we show through the direct measurement of telomerase activity and ALT in a large set of glioma samples that the TMM in glioma cannot be defined in the dichotomy of telomerase activity and ALT, regardless of TERT expression, TERT promoter mutation and ATRX mutation. Moreover, we observed that a considerable proportion of gliomas lack both telomerase activity and ALT (Neither group). And this Neither group exhibited evidence of slow growth potential. From a set of longitudinal samples from a separate cohort of glioma patients, we discovered that the TMM is not fixed but changes with glioma progression. Collectively, these results suggest that the TMM is a dynamic entity and that reflects the plasticity of the oncogenic biological status of tumor cells and that the TMM should be defined by the direct measurement of telomerase enzyme activity and evidence of ALT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - T Chowdhury
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Yu
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Won
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - M Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - T Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Phi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - Y Shin
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Ku
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - D Kim
- Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Korea University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J K Hur
- Hanyang University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - C Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
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Lee J, Yoon S, Shih B, Jung W, Hwang Y, Jeon J, Cho S, Kim K, Jheon S. EP16.03-034 Differential Prognostic Effect of EGFR Mutation According to Smoking Status and Pathologic Stage in Non-mucinous Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cormack JM, Simon MA, Kim K. Refraction-corrected backscatter tensor imaging of excised porcine ventricular myocardium. JASA Express Lett 2022; 2:092001. [PMID: 36182344 PMCID: PMC9478901 DOI: 10.1121/10.0014034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Backscatter tensor imaging (BTI) is performed on excised porcine right- and left-ventricular myocardium to estimate the transmural myofiber orientation. Calculation of the backscatter spatial coherence employs measured sound speeds of the myocardium and the fluid that separates the tissue from the imaging array to account for effects of refraction during the delay-and-sum beamforming calculation. Compared to the assumption of a homogeneous sound speed in the imaging region, accounting for refraction yields significantly increased average spatial coherence as well as contrast of spatial coherence between the along- and across-fiber directions, thus improving sensitivity of BTI for myofiber orientation estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Cormack
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Marc A Simon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94117, USA , ,
| | - Kang Kim
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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Nam K, Kim M, Hur S, Kim K, Cho Y, Kim K, Kim H, Lim KM. P20-10 A new murine liver fibrosis model induced by polyhexamethylene guanidine-phosphate. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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