1
|
Shields K, Czerwinski J, Dauwe T, Hashmi S, Hillman P, Mowrey K, Gunther K. Genetics in the NICU: Nurses' Perceived Knowledge and Desired Education. J Contin Educ Nurs 2023; 54:16-24. [PMID: 36595722 DOI: 10.3928/00220124-20221207-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Many infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have genetic conditions. Previous research has shown that gaps exist in the genetics knowledge of nurses and that they lack comfort applying genetics information to clinical practice. Studies assessing the knowledge or comfort of NICU nurses with genetics have not previously been completed. Method A total of 122 NICU nurses completed a survey assessing perceived knowledge of genetics, comfort with clinical scenarios involving genetics, and desired genetics education. Results Perceived knowledge and overall comfort were correlated with highest degree received, how prepared a nurse felt by the genetics education received in their training, and having a close relationship with someone with a genetic condition. Almost all respondents (96%, n = 117) desired additional genetics education. Conclusion Gaps exist in the genetics knowledge of neonatal nurses in our cohort, and their overall comfort working with clinical scenarios involving genetics was low. There is significant interest in additional genetics education. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2023;54(1):16-24.].
Collapse
|
2
|
Shields K, Mowrey K, Hillman P. eP246: Novel EFTUD2 variant adds to understanding of phenotypic spectrum of mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly. Genet Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
3
|
Ullevig SL, Spitsen E, Heine AC, Balarin A, Uc E, Shields K, Sosa ET. Strategic Sodium Reduction Initiative Reduces Sodium in Meals Served at Older Adult Congregate Meal Program Sites. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 41:160-174. [PMID: 34919015 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2021.2015508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Excessive sodium consumption is a public health issue and congregate meal programs provide a unique opportunity to reduce sodium served to a large, at-risk population. A Sodium Reduction Initiative (SRI) was implemented in a congregate meal program that serves over 3,000 older adults. Nutrient analyses conducted at baseline and post-intervention were used to calculate average sodium reduction and the number of low sodium foods; targeted foods were categorized by strategy. Customer satisfaction surveys were collected at baseline and 3- and 6-months post-intervention. Kruskal Wallis and analysis of variance were used to compare sodium reduction differences. Chi-square analysis determined associations among strategies. The SRI impacted 55 foods, low sodium foods increased by 22%, and the average sodium per menu cycle was reduced by 21%. Replacement with a lower sodium food was the most frequently used strategy and had the largest sodium reduction. Sauces and main entrees were most frequently impacted, and thirteen ingredients accounted for 75% of all reduced-sodium foods. Over 50% of the 1,424 survey respondents consumed the reduced-sodium foods and food satisfaction remained stable from baseline to post-intervention. Congregate meals programs that target commonly used foods and key ingredients can significantly reduce sodium served to older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Ullevig
- College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ellen Spitsen
- Chronic Disease Prevention Section, San Antonio Metropolitan Health District, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Anne C Heine
- Chronic Disease Prevention Section, San Antonio Metropolitan Health District, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ashton Balarin
- College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eliani Uc
- College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen Shields
- Chronic Disease Prevention Section, San Antonio Metropolitan Health District, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Erica T Sosa
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Roessler HI, van der Heuvel LM, Shields K, Guilliams KP, Knoers NVAM, van Haaften G, Grange DK, van Haelst MM. Behavioral and cognitive functioning in individuals with Cantú syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2434-2444. [PMID: 34056838 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cantú syndrome (CS) is caused by pathogenic variants in ABCC9 and KCNJ8 encoding the regulatory and pore-forming subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP ) channels. CS is characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, distinctive facial features, peripheral edema, and cardiac and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Behavioral and cognitive issues have been self-reported by some CS individuals, but results of formal standardized investigations have not been published. To assess the cognitive profile, social functioning, and psychiatric symptoms in a large group of CS subjects systematically in a cross-sectional manner, we invited 35 individuals (1-69 years) with confirmed ABCC9 variants and their relatives to complete various commonly applied standardized age-related questionnaires, including the Kaufman brief intelligence test 2, the social responsiveness scale-2, and the Achenbach system of empirically based assessment. The majority of CS individuals demonstrated average verbal and nonverbal intelligence compared to the general population. Fifteen percent of cases showed social functioning strongly associated with a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Both externalizing and internalizing problems were also present in this cohort. In particular, anxiety, anxiety or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum behaviors were predominantly observed in the younger subjects in the cohort (≥25%), but this percentage decreased markedly in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen I Roessler
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke M van der Heuvel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Shields
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kristin P Guilliams
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nine V A M Knoers
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Haaften
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothy K Grange
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED), St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tevelev B, Patel H, Shields K, Wei W, Cooley C, Zhang S, Bitzas G, Duan W, Khetemenee L, Jackobek R, D'Antona A, Sievers A, King A, Tam A, Zhang Y, Sousa E, Cohen J, Wroblewska L, Marshall J, Jackson M, Scarcelli JJ. Genetic rearrangement during site specific integration event facilitates cell line development of a bispecific molecule. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 37:e3158. [PMID: 33891804 PMCID: PMC8459265 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Site specific integration (SSI) expression systems offer robust means of generating highly productive and stable cell lines for traditional monoclonal antibodies. As complex modalities such as antibody‐like molecules comprised of greater than two peptides become more prevalent, greater emphasis needs to be placed on the ability to produce appreciable quantities of the correct product of interest (POI). The ability to screen several transcript stoichiometries could play a large role in ensuring high amounts of the correct POI. Here we illustrate implementation of an SSI expression system with a single site of integration for development and production of a multi‐chain, bi‐specific molecule. A SSI vector with a single copy of all of the genes of interest was initially selected for stable Chinese hamster ovary transfection. While the resulting transfection pools generated low levels of the desired heterodimer, utilizing an intensive clone screen strategy, we were able to identify clones having significantly higher levels of POI. In‐depth genotypic characterization of clones having the desirable phenotype revealed that a duplication of the light chain within the landing pad was responsible for producing the intended molecule. Retrospective transfection pool analysis using a vector configuration mimicking the transgene configuration found in the clones, as well as other vector configurations, yielded more favorable results with respect to % POI. Overall, the study demonstrated that despite the theoretical static nature of the SSI expression system, enough heterogeneity existed to yield clones having significantly different transgene phenotypes/genotypes and support production of a complex multi‐chain molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tevelev
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Himakshi Patel
- Analytical Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen Shields
- Analytical Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cecilia Cooley
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sam Zhang
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Weili Duan
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lam Khetemenee
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan Jackobek
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aaron D'Antona
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Annette Sievers
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy King
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy Tam
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Sousa
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin Cohen
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lila Wroblewska
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey Marshall
- Analytical Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martha Jackson
- Analytical Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John J Scarcelli
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grange DK, Roessler HI, McClenaghan C, Duran K, Shields K, Remedi MS, Knoers NVAM, Lee JM, Kirk EP, Scurr I, Smithson SF, Singh GK, van Haelst MM, Nichols CG, van Haaften G. Cantú syndrome: Findings from 74 patients in the International Cantú Syndrome Registry. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2020; 181:658-681. [PMID: 31828977 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cantú syndrome (CS), first described in 1982, is caused by pathogenic variants in ABCC9 and KCNJ8, which encode the regulatory and pore forming subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP ) channels, respectively. Multiple case reports of affected individuals have described the various clinical features of CS, but systematic studies are lacking. To define the effects of genetic variants on CS phenotypes and clinical outcomes, we have developed a standardized REDCap-based registry for CS. We report phenotypic features and associated genotypes on 74 CS subjects, with confirmed ABCC9 variants in 72 of the individuals. Hypertrichosis and a characteristic facial appearance are present in all individuals. Polyhydramnios during fetal life, hyperflexibility, edema, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), cardiomegaly, dilated aortic root, vascular tortuosity of cerebral arteries, and migraine headaches are common features, although even with this large group of subjects, there is incomplete penetrance of CS-associated features, without clear correlation to genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy K Grange
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED)
| | - Helen I Roessler
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Conor McClenaghan
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED).,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Karen Duran
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Shields
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Maria S Remedi
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED).,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nine V A M Knoers
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Edwin P Kirk
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ingrid Scurr
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah F Smithson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals, Bristol, UK
| | - Gautam K Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED)
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED).,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Gijs van Haaften
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roessler HI, Shields K, Grange DK, Knoers NVAM, van Haaften G, Hammond P, van Haelst MM. Three-dimensional facial morphology in Cantú syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1041-1052. [PMID: 32100467 PMCID: PMC7217184 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cantú syndrome (CS) was first described in 1982, and is caused by pathogenic variants in ABCC9 and KCNJ8 encoding regulatory and pore forming subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP ) channels, respectively. It is characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, osteochondrodysplasia, extensive cardiovascular abnormalities and distinctive facial anomalies including a broad nasal bridge, long philtrum, epicanthal folds, and prominent lips. Many genetic syndromes, such as CS, involve facial anomalies that serve as a significant clue in the initial identification of the respective disorder before clinical or molecular diagnosis are undertaken. However, an overwhelming number of CS patients receive misdiagnoses based on an evaluation of coarse facial features. By analyzing three-dimensional images of CS faces, we quantified facial dysmorphology in a cohort of both male and female CS patients with confirmed ABCC9 variants. Morphometric analysis of different regions of the face revealed gender-specific significant differences in face shape. Moreover, we show that 3D facial photographs can distinguish between CS and other genetic disorders with specific facial dysmorphologies that have been mistaken for CS-associated anomalies in the past, hence assisting in an earlier clinical and molecular diagnosis. This optimizes genetic counseling and reduces stress for patients and parents by avoiding unnecessary misdiagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen I Roessler
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Shields
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dorothy K Grange
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED), St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nine V A M Knoers
- Deptartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Haaften
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Hammond
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ullevig S, Spitsen E, Heine A, Shields K, Sosa E. Effective Strategies to Reduce Sodium in the Local Food Environment at Worksites and Congregate Sites (P04-028-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz051.p04-028-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Excessive sodium consumption is a worldwide public health concern warranting food environment initiatives. The purpose of this study was to examine sodium reduction strategies utilized by the San Antonio Sodium Reduction Initiative (SRI) at local worksite and congregate site cafeterias.
Methods
A comprehensive nutrient analysis was conducted before and after the SRI to calculate sodium reduction on targeted food items across menus from six worksite cafeterias and three congregate meal programs. Chi square analysis was used to compare SRI strategies used (lower sodium product replacement; removal of a high sodium ingredient; reduced ingredient serving size; and combined strategies) and their resulting sodium reduction categories per item (<200, 200–499, 500–999, or ≥1000 mg of sodium).
Results
Across all menus, sodium was reduced by an average of 314 mg (SD = 332, n = 203, 32.3%). Most foods items were reduced by 200–499 mg of sodium (n = 86, 42.4%) and <200 mg of sodium (n = 84, 41.4%). Lower sodium product replacement was used most frequently (n = 133, 65.5%), followed by reduced ingredient serving size (n = 35, 17.2%), combined strategies (n = 18, 8.9%), and removal of a high sodium ingredient (n = 17, 8.4%). Significant differences were found between strategy and sodium reduction category (χ2 = 18.485, P = 0.030). Lower sodium product replacement had the largest percentage of foods reduced by > 500–999 mg (n = 16, 12.0%) and ≥1000 mg (n = 10, 7.5%). Removal of a high sodium ingredient impacted all categories with the highest percentage in <200 mg (n = 10, 58.5%). Reduced ingredient serving size had the largest impact in <200 mg (n = 23, 65.7%) and the least amount of food items reduced by ≥ 500 mg (n = 1, 2.9%). Combined strategies reduced food items most commonly by 200–499 mg (n = 8, 44.4%) followed by <200 mg (n = 7, 39.9%).
Conclusions
Replacing, reducing, or eliminating high sodium foods are effective strategies to reduce sodium offered at worksites and congregate sites. Results from this study suggest the amount of sodium reduction varies by strategy. As organizations and sodium reduction initiatives consider sodium reduction strategies, desired impact as well as feasibility should be considered.
Funding Sources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Heine
- San Antonio Metropolitan Health District
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sosa ET, Ullevig SL, Spitsen E, Heine A, Perez C, Shields K. The San Antonio Sodium Reduction Initiative: Lessons Learned and Recommendations. American Journal of Health Education 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2019.1590258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne Heine
- San Antonio Metropolitan Health District
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wei J, Zhou Q, Hall L, Myrick A, Hoover K, Shields K, Baker TC. Olfactory Sensory Neurons of the Asian Longhorned Beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis, Specifically Responsive to its two Aggregation-Sex Pheromone Components. J Chem Ecol 2018; 44:637-649. [PMID: 29956046 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-018-0978-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We performed single-sensillum recordings from male and female antennae of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis, that included as stimuli the two components of this species' aggregation-sex pheromone in addition to various general odorants. We compared the aggregation-sex-pheromone-component responses of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) to those of OSNs that responded to a variety of plant-related odorants. In the smooth-tipped, tapered, trichoid sensilla on the most distal antennal flagellomeres nos. 10 or 11 of both males and females, we found OSNs with high-amplitude action potentials that were tuned to the aldehyde and alcohol pheromone components and that did not respond to various plant-related volatiles. Because this OSN type responded to both the alcohol and aldehyde components it cannot be considered to be specifically tuned to either component. These large-spiking OSNs were co-compartmentalized in these sensilla with a second, smaller-spiking OSN responding to plant-related volatiles such as geraniol, citronellal, limonene, 1-octanol, nerol and citral. The large-spiking OSNs thus appear to be a type that will be involved in aggregation-sex pheromone pathways targeting a specific glomerulus in the antennal lobe and in generating pheromone-related behavioral responses in A. glabripennis. In other sensilla located in these distal antennal flagellomeres as well as those located more proximally, i.e., mid-length along the antenna on flagellomere nos. 4-7, we found OSNs in blunt-tipped basiconic sensilla that were responsive to other plant-related volatiles, especially the terpenoids, (E,E)-alpha farnesene, (E)-β-farnesene, β-caryophyllene, and eugenol. Some of these terpenoids have been implicated in improving attraction to pheromone-baited traps. Some of these same OSNs responded additionally to either of the two sex pheromone components, but because these OSNs also responded to some of the above plant volatiles as shown by cross-adaptation experiments, these OSNs will not be the types that convey sex-pheromone-specific information to the antennal lobe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wei
- Center for Chemical Ecology and Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Center for Chemical Ecology and Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Loyal Hall
- Center for Chemical Ecology and Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrew Myrick
- Center for Chemical Ecology and Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kelli Hoover
- Center for Chemical Ecology and Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Thomas C Baker
- Center for Chemical Ecology and Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Poornima IG, Shields K, Kuller LH, Manzi SM, Ramsey-Goldman R, Richardson C, Rhew E, Dunlop DD, Song J, Edmundowicz D, Kondos GT, Carr JJ, Langman CB, Price H, Chung AH, Santelices LB, Mackey RH. Associations of osteoprotegerin with coronary artery calcification among women with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy controls. Lupus 2018; 27:961203317751060. [PMID: 29310535 PMCID: PMC6026582 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317751060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective We tested the hypothesis that higher circulating levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) are related to higher levels of coronary artery calcification (CAC) among women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with healthy controls (HCs). Methods Among 611 women in two age- and race-matched SLE case-control studies, OPG was assayed in stored blood samples (HEARTS: plasma, n cases/controls = 122/124, and SOLVABLE: serum, n cases/controls = 185/180) and CAC was measured by electron beam computed tomography. Results In both studies, SLE patients had higher OPG and CAC levels than HCs. Higher OPG was associated with high CAC (>100 vs.100) among SLE, and with any CAC (>0 vs. 0) among HCs. Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) for OPG tertile 3 vs. 1 was 3.58 (1.19, 10.76), p trend = 0.01 for SLE, and 2.28 (1.06, 4.89), p trend = 0.04 for HCs. Associations were attenuated when age-adjusted, but remained significant for HC women aged ≥ 40 and SLE women aged ≥ 50. ROC analyses identified 4.60 pmol/l as the optimal OPG cutpoint for predicting high CAC (>100) among SLE patients with sensitivity = 0.74 and specificity = 0.61, overall, but 0.92 and 0.52, respectively, for SLE patients aged ≥ 50. Conclusion Our cross-sectional results suggest that higher OPG levels are related to higher CAC levels among women with SLE vs. healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I G Poornima
- 1 92594 Allegheny Health Network Cardiovascular Institute , Department of Cardiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K Shields
- 2 6596 Allegheny Health Network , Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L H Kuller
- 3 6614 University of Pittsburgh , Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S M Manzi
- 2 6596 Allegheny Health Network , Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Ramsey-Goldman
- 4 12244 Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Richardson
- 5 23236 Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System , Department of Medicine-Rheumatology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Rhew
- 6 166943 Northwestern University, Departments of Medicine and Rheumatology , Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D D Dunlop
- 7 Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Rheumatology) and Preventive Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Song
- 8 Northwestern University-Evanston, Departments of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Rheumatology, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - D Edmundowicz
- 9 25139 Temple University Hospital , Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - G T Kondos
- 10 12247 University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine , Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J J Carr
- 11 166943 Northwestern University, Departments of Medicine and Interventional Radiology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C B Langman
- 12 12244 Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Pediatrics (Kidney Diseases), Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H Price
- 13 2429 Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A H Chung
- 4 12244 Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L B Santelices
- 2 6596 Allegheny Health Network , Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R H Mackey
- 14 199716 University of Pittsburgh, Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald R Louie
- University of Washington, Seattle; Mary Bridge Children's Hospital, Multicare Health System, Tacoma, WA
| | - Michael Harris
- University of Washington, Seattle; Mary Bridge Children's Hospital, Multicare Health System, Tacoma, WA
| | - Kathleen Shields
- University of Washington, Seattle; Mary Bridge Children's Hospital, Multicare Health System, Tacoma, WA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Baheerathan A, Brownlee WJ, Chard DT, Shields K, Gregory R, Trip SA. Antecedent anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in two patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2016; 12:20-22. [PMID: 28283100 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterised by psychiatric symptoms, movement disorder and seizures often evolving into a severe encephalopathy. An overlap has recently been recognised between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders, particularly neuromyelitis optical spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In this case report, we describe two patients with an initial presentation consistent with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who have subsequently developed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and discuss the literature pertaining to potential overlap between NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Baheerathan
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - W J Brownlee
- Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - D T Chard
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Shields
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Gregory
- Department of Neurology, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, United Kingdom
| | - S A Trip
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shields K, Minion L, Sumner D, Monk B. Ten year food and drug administration reporting of robot-assisted laparoscopy complications, deaths, and device malfunctions in gynecologic surgery. Gynecol Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Glasgow M, Shields K, Teoh D, Argenta P. Postoperative readmissions following ileostomy formation among patients with a gynecologic malignancy. Gynecol Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
16
|
Biediger‐Friedman L, Sosa ET, Shields K. Different Settings, Common Solution: A Healthy Menu Designation Program in Restaurants and Institutions. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.842.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica T Sosa
- Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX
| | - Kathleen Shields
- Chronic Disease PreventionSan Antonio Metropolitan Health DistrictSan AntonioTX
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
von Dohlen CD, Spaulding U, Shields K, Havill NP, Rosa C, Hoover K. Diversity of proteobacterial endosymbionts in hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) from its native and introduced range. Environ Microbiol 2013; 15:2043-62. [PMID: 23452267 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of intraspecific variation in symbioses may aid in understanding the ecology of widespread insects in different parts of their range. We investigated bacterial symbionts of Adelges tsugae, a pest of hemlocks in eastern North America introduced from Asia. Amplification, cloning, and sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA, in situ hybridizations, and electron microscopy revealed that A. tsugae harbours up to five bacterial phylotypes, according to population. Three Gammaproteobacteria species are maternally transmitted. The first, designated 'Ca. Pseudomonas adelgestsugas' resides in the haemocoel, and was detected in all populations except Taiwan. The second phylotype, 'Ca. Serratia symbiotica', resides in bacteriocytes of populations on Tsuga sieboldii in Japan and in E. North America. The third phylotype, designated 'Ca. Annandia adelgestsuga', clustered within a lineage of several insect endosymbionts that included Buchnera aphidicola. It was detected in bacteriocytes in all populations, and in salivary glands of first instars. Two Betaproteobacteria phylotypes were detected in some Japanese T. sieboldii and eastern North America populations, and were observed only in salivary glands with no evidence of maternal transmission. Our results support the ideas that symbiont gain and loss has been volatile in adelgids, and that symbionts may help to trace the source of invasive species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol D von Dohlen
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hempling MC, Pakianathan M, Majewska W, Shields K, Davey S, Karim J. 011 Pilot project evaluating HIV testing in St George's Emergency Department. J Accid Emerg Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2011-200617.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
19
|
Shields K, Koltzenburg M. PONM07 Nerve excitability parameters are biomarkers that differentiate between voltage-gated sodium blockers with differential mode of action. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.226340.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
20
|
Shields K. PONM18 Nerve excitability studies can be used to differentiate between voltage-gated sodium blockers using an in-vitro cutaneous sensory nerve model: potential prospects as a model for drug discovery. J Neurol Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.226340.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
21
|
Lehman HP, Chen J, Gould AL, Kassekert R, Beninger PR, Carney R, Goldberg M, Goss MA, Kidos K, Sharrar RG, Shields K, Sweet A, Wiholm BE, Honig PK. An evaluation of computer-aided disproportionality analysis for post-marketing signal detection. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 82:173-80. [PMID: 17507922 DOI: 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To understand the value of computer-aided disproportionality analysis (DA) in relation to current pharmacovigilance signal detection methods, four products were retrospectively evaluated by applying an empirical Bayes method to Merck's post-marketing safety database. Findings were compared with the prior detection of labeled post-marketing adverse events. Disproportionality ratios (empirical Bayes geometric mean lower 95% bounds for the posterior distribution (EBGM05)) were generated for product-event pairs. Overall (1993-2004 data, EBGM05> or =2, individual terms) results of signal detection using DA compared to standard methods were sensitivity, 31.1%; specificity, 95.3%; and positive predictive value, 19.9%. Using groupings of synonymous labeled terms, sensitivity improved (40.9%). More of the adverse events detected by both methods were detected earlier using DA and grouped (versus individual) terms. With 1939-2004 data, diagnostic properties were similar to those from 1993 to 2004. DA methods using Merck's safety database demonstrate sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be considered for use as an adjunct to conventional signal detection methods.
Collapse
|
22
|
Silverman C, Komar M, Shields K, Diegnan G, Adamovics J. Separation of the Isoforms of a Monoclonal Antibody by Gel Isoelectric Focusing, High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Isoelectric Focusing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079208017165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Silverman
- a CYTOGEN Corporation , 201 College Road, East Princeton , New Jersey , 08540-5309
| | - M. Komar
- a CYTOGEN Corporation , 201 College Road, East Princeton , New Jersey , 08540-5309
| | - K. Shields
- a CYTOGEN Corporation , 201 College Road, East Princeton , New Jersey , 08540-5309
| | - G. Diegnan
- b ANAQUEST , 100 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill , New Jersey , 07974
| | - J. Adamovics
- a CYTOGEN Corporation , 201 College Road, East Princeton , New Jersey , 08540-5309
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Arai M, Anderson D, Kurdi Y, Annis-Freeman B, Shields K, Collins-Racie LA, Corcoran C, DiBlasio-Smith E, Pittman DD, Dorner AJ, Morris E, LaVallie ER. Effect of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of bovine ADAMTS-4 and human ADAMTS-5 in primary bovine articular chondrocyte pellet culture system. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2004; 12:599-613. [PMID: 15262240 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2004.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2004] [Accepted: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Articular cartilage matrix synthesis and degradation are dynamic processes that must be balanced for proper maintenance of the tissue. In osteoarthritis (OA), this balance is skewed toward degradation and ultimate loss of matrix. The transcriptional and/or activity levels of hundreds of genes are dysregulated in chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage, and a subset of these genes may represent pivotal factors that could be modulated if their specific role in the disease process could be identified. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 in cartilage matrix degradation by developing a chondrocyte pellet culture assay in combination with adenoviral gene expression, and to demonstrate the utility of this assay by assessing the specific functional contribution of these genes to cartilage matrix metabolism. METHODS A full-length cDNA for bovine ADAMTS-4 (bADAMTS-4) was isolated, and used to evaluate the expression, regulation, and activity of this gene in bovine cartilage. Adenoviruses expressing bADAMTS-4, human ADAMTS-5 (hADAMTS-5) or human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) were used to infect primary chondrocytes, and their effect on extracellular matrix metabolism was assessed by monitoring the accumulation and release of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in three-dimensional chondrocyte pellet cultures. RESULTS Analysis of bADAMTS-4 transcriptional regulation in chondrocytes revealed that interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) was the most potent inducer of bADAMTS-4 mRNA and subsequent aggrecan degradation in cartilage explant cultures of those cytokines tested. bADAMTS-4 mRNA induction by IL-1alpha was greater in nasal cartilage than in articular cartilage. Chondrocytes infected with adenovirus expressing either bADAMTS-4 or hADAMTS-5 genes showed increased aggrecan degradation in newly synthesized matrix by pellet cultures while chondrocytes overexpressing BMP-2 showed increased aggrecan synthesis. CONCLUSION Adenoviral delivery of genes to primary bovine chondrocytes, followed by culture in three-dimensional pellet format and evaluation of extracellular matrix protein metabolism, is a useful functional assay for assessing the role of genes on cartilage matrix synthesis and degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Arai
- Department of Discovery Medicine, Wyeth Research, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Cauley JA, Black DM, Barrett-Connor E, Harris F, Shields K, Applegate W, Cummings SR. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on clinical fractures and height loss: The Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS). Am J Med 2001; 110:442-50. [PMID: 11331055 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if estrogen plus progestin reduces the incidence of fractures or height loss in postmenopausal women with coronary disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We enrolled 2,763 postmenopausal women with coronary disease and with an intact uterus into the Heart Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study, a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled secondary prevention trial of cardiovascular disease. Radiographically documented clinical fractures were a prespecified secondary endpoint. Height loss was used as a surrogate for vertebral fractures. The average age of the women was 66.7 +/- 6.7 years, and fewer than 15% of the women had osteoporosis based on their bone density. Women were randomly assigned to either 0.625 mg of conjugated equine estrogens plus 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate in 1 tablet daily (n = 1,380) or placebo (n = 1,383). Follow-up averaged 4.1 years; 82% of those assigned to hormone treatment were taking it at the end of 1 year, and 64% at the end of the study. RESULTS During 10,554 person years of follow-up, 286 women experienced a fracture: 138 in the treatment group (26.3 per 1,000 person years) and 148 in the placebo group (28.0 per 1,000 person years); relative hazard, 0.94; 95% confidence interval 0.8 to 1.2, P = 0.61). These included 58 wrist fractures (1.01; 0.6 to 1.7); 27 hip fractures (1.09; 0.5 to 2.3); 32 spine fractures (0.69; 0.3 to 1.4), and 192 other fractures (0.91; 0.7 to 1.2). There was no difference in average height loss between the treatment and placebo groups or in the percent of women who lost more than 2 cm in height: 10.6% in the treatment group and 12.1% in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of a reduction in the incidence of fractures or rate of height loss in older women not selected for osteoporosis. Randomized studies are needed to clarify the effect of hormone replacement therapy on fracture risk among women with and without osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology (JAC), University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gilchrist D, Schwarze U, Shields K, MacLaren L, Bridge PJ, Byers PH. Large kindred with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV due to a point mutation (G571S) in the COL3A1 gene of type III procollagen: low risk of pregnancy complications and unexpected longevity in some affected relatives. Am J Med Genet 1999; 82:305-11. [PMID: 10051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) type IV is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder. Early morbidity and mortality results from rupture of vessels and internal organs. A large kindred with EDS type IV was studied clinically, and the biochemical defects and underlying mutation in the COL3A1 gene that encodes the chains of type III procollagen were identified. A G-->A transition results in a single amino acid substitution, G571S, in the triple helical domain of the products of one COL3A1 allele. Although the clinical findings seen on examination are characteristic of EDS type IV, longevity is longer than that seen in many families and there is less pregnancy-associated morbidity or mortality than in some families. This suggests that some clinical aspects of EDS type IV may be related to the nature of the mutation and its effect on the behavior of the protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Gilchrist
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bograd H, Ritzwoller DP, Calonge N, Shields K, Hanrahan M. Extending health maintenance organization insurance to the uninsured. A controlled measure of health care utilization. JAMA 1997; 277:1067-72. [PMID: 9091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the utilization of health care services of previously uninsured low-income patients after becoming insured by a health maintenance organization (HMO). DESIGN Retrospective study of utilization in a previously uninsured study group compared with an age- and sex-matched randomly selected control group of commercial HMO enrollees. SETTING Group model HMO. PATIENTS A study group of 346 previously uninsured low-income patients and 382 controls. MEASURES utpatient visits for primary and specialty care, outpatient pharmacy, laboratory, and radiology use, and inpatient admissions and hospital days over a 2-year period. Self-reported health status measures were obtained to control for differences in health status. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS There were no differences between the study and control groups in hospital admissions, hospital days, and measures of outpatient laboratory, pharmacy, and radiology use. The odds of having an outpatient visit per patient per month was 30% higher for the study group. Approximately half the increase in the odds ratio for outpatient visits was related to the worse self-perceived health status of the study group. While both groups utilized more services in the early phase of their enrollment, the intensity of this start-up effect was similar for both groups. CONCLUSIONS Compared with a commercial group of the same age and sex, the patterns of utilization were similar and the financial costs of care were only moderately more for a previously uninsured group provided with comprehensive HMO insurance. With the growth of managed care, these data should be beneficial in the development of health care programs for the growing number of uninsured Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Bograd
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente of Colorado, Denver 80205, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jacobsohn E, Shields K, Aronson S, Albertucci M. Case 6--1996, Traumatic aortocoronary saphenous vein graft occlusion. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996; 10:950-6. [PMID: 8969406 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-0770(96)80061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Jacobsohn
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shields K, Voigt T. Improving the case cart process at Abbott Northwestern Hospital. Qual Lett Healthc Lead 1994; 6:75-8. [PMID: 10136750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An interdepartmental team at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, in Minneapolis, audited surgical case carts for three months to determine why a large percentage were incomplete or incorrectly filled. After discovering a shortage of specific supplies and instruments and an unavailability of staff at times when case carts needed to be filled, the team designed specific interventions that almost doubled the number of completed carts. RESULTS Case cart completeness increased from 50 percent to 93 percent. The number of trips staff made to case carts to add missing items was reduced by 20 percent, saving more than $40,000 per year in labor costs. The level of physician and staff frustration decreased, and communication and cooperation among the operating, central processing, and instrument departments greatly improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Shields
- Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55407
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
This article takes a three-stage approach to the topic of injuries in women's gymnastics. In the first stage, we review the literature and summarize our current knowledge of injury rates, injuries in specific events, and anatomical location of injuries. In the second, we critically evaluate the relative contributions of these studies in terms of their generalizability, methods, and conceptual approaches. Finally, we present possible directions for future research in the area of women's gymnastic injuries.
Collapse
|
31
|
Michelson PA, Shields K. Adverse drug reaction reporting: a working system. Hosp Pharm 1987; 22:682-4. [PMID: 10282685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a severe problem. Up to 30% of hospitalized medical patients may have an ADR, and up to 5% of hospitalizations may be caused by an ADR. Reporting systems that track these reactions vary widely as to their capture rates. In a 12-month period, with the aid of the Medical Record Department at St. Elizabeth Hospital Medical Center, 150 adverse drug reactions were catalogued. Fifty-eight of these resulted in admission, while 92 occurred during hospitalization. Cardiovascular agents and antibiotics produced the most reports. Reactions are evaluated and tabulated by the Department of Pharmacy, and subsequently presented to the Pharmacy (P&T) Committee as part of the quality assurance program, which meets the standards mandated by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals. The reporting system is described in this article.
Collapse
|
32
|
Fahy TJ, Carney PA, Shields K. Sleeping pills for psychiatric patients. Lancet 1979; 2:1072. [PMID: 91805 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(79)92465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|