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Antiferromagnetic topological insulator with selectively gapped Dirac cones. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7396. [PMID: 37978297 PMCID: PMC10656484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiferromagnetic (AF) topological materials offer a fertile ground to explore a variety of quantum phenomena such as axion magnetoelectric dynamics and chiral Majorana fermions. To realize such intriguing states, it is essential to establish a direct link between electronic states and topology in the AF phase, whereas this has been challenging because of the lack of a suitable materials platform. Here we report the experimental realization of the AF topological-insulator phase in NdBi. By using micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we discovered contrasting surface electronic states for two types of AF domains; the surface having the out-of-plane component in the AF-ordering vector displays Dirac-cone states with a gigantic energy gap, whereas the surface parallel to the AF-ordering vector hosts gapless Dirac states despite the time-reversal-symmetry breaking. The present results establish an essential role of combined symmetry to protect massless Dirac fermions under the presence of AF order and widen opportunities to realize exotic phenomena utilizing AF topological materials.
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Abstract No. 230 Robot-Assisted CT-Guided Biopsy with an Artificial Intelligence-Based Needle-Path Generator: A Phantom Study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Abstract No. 162 Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: Which Factors Are Associated with Symptomatic Neurologic Complications in Solitary Lesions? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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FNAIT pathogenesis determined by serial analysis of three subsequent pregnancies of a woman with severe fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) with anti-HPA-4b and anti-HPA-5b alloantibodies in the first sibling. Int J Hematol 2023:10.1007/s12185-023-03559-1. [PMID: 36797397 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is caused by anti-HPA alloantibody, and anti-HPA-4b is the most common cause in Japanese. Anti-HPA-5b is frequently detected in pregnant women, but it is still controversial whether anti-HPA-5b causes severe FNAIT. CASE PRESENTATION A Japanese woman with anti-HPA-4b and anti-HPA-5b alloantibodies delivered a baby with severe FNAIT who was both HPA-4b and HPA-5b incompatible. We carefully monitored the patient's following three pregnancies (the second and the fourth siblings were HPA-4b incompatible and HPA-5b compatible; the third sibling was both HPA-4b and HPA-5b compatible). FNAIT was not observed in all three siblings, although a modest decrease in cord blood platelet count was observed in the HPA-4b incompatible siblings compared to the HPA-4b compatible sibling. Serial monitoring of anti-HPA titer showed that anti-HPA-4b markedly decreased in late pregnancy and recovered after delivery of the HPA-4b incompatible siblings, but these decreases were not observed during the mother's pregnancy with the HPA-4b compatible sibling. In contrast, anti-HPA-5b remained at a high titer during pregnancy with all three siblings. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that dynamic changes of anti-HPA-4b occur during pregnancy and strongly suggest that anti-HPA-5b was mainly responsible for severe FNAIT in this case.
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Analysis of Prognostic Factors for Postoperative Complications and Reinterventions After Open Surgical Repair and Endovascular Aneurysm Repair in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Additional validation of Osaka method (0.01 mol/L dithiothreitol) for negating the daratumumab interference. Transfusion 2020; 59:2479-2480. [PMID: 31268593 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Conversion of a conventional superconductor into a topological superconductor by topological proximity effect. Nat Commun 2020; 11:159. [PMID: 31919356 PMCID: PMC6952357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13946-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Realization of topological superconductors (TSCs) hosting Majorana fermions is a central challenge in condensed-matter physics. One approach is to use the superconducting proximity effect (SPE) in heterostructures, where a topological insulator contacted with a superconductor hosts an effective p-wave pairing by the penetration of Cooper pairs across the interface. However, this approach suffers a difficulty in accessing the topological interface buried deep beneath the surface. Here, we propose an alternative approach to realize topological superconductivity without SPE. In a Pb(111) thin film grown on TlBiSe2, we discover that the Dirac-cone state of substrate TlBiSe2 migrates to the top surface of Pb film and obtains an energy gap below the superconducting transition temperature of Pb. This suggests that a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductor is converted into a TSC by the topological proximity effect. Our discovery opens a route to manipulate topological superconducting properties of materials. Realizing topological superconductivity is essential for applicable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, Trang et al. report migration of Dirac-cone from TlBiSe2 substrate to top surface of superconducting Pb film due to topological proximity effect, suggesting realization of topological superconductivity.
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Uterine adenosarcoma in a patient following microwave endometrial ablation: a case report. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2019. [DOI: 10.12892/ejgo4641.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Human lung microvascular endothelial cells as potential alternatives to human umbilical vein endothelial cells in bio-3D-printed trachea-like structures. Tissue Cell 2019; 63:101321. [PMID: 32223949 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have been trying to produce scaffold-free structures for airway regeneration using a bio-3D-printer with spheroids, to avoid scaffold-associated risks such as infection. Previous studies have shown that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) play an important role in such structures, but HUVECs cannot be isolated from adult humans. The aim of this study was to identify alternatives to HUVECs for use in scaffold-free structures. METHODS Three types of structure were compared, made of chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells with HUVECs, human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-Ls), and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived endothelial cells. RESULTS No significant difference in tensile strength was observed between the three groups. Histologically, some small capillary-like tube formations comprising CD31-positive cells were observed in all groups. The number and diameters of such formations were significantly lower in the iPSC-derived endothelial cell group than in other groups. Glycosaminoglycan content was significantly lower in the iPSC-derived endothelial cell group than in the HUVEC group, while no significant difference was observed between the HUVEC and HMVEC-L groups. CONCLUSIONS HMVEC-Ls can replace HUVECs as a cell source for scaffold-free trachea-like structures. However, some limitations were associated with iPSC-derived endothelial cells.
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P6468Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for patients with symptomatic chronic thromboembolic disease without pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED) is characterised by thromboembolic stenosis and obstruction of pulmonary arteries without pulmonary hypertension. The treatment approach for symptomatic patients with CTED is still controversial. It has been reported the efficacy of surgical endarterectomy for patients with CTED, however that of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for non-operable CTED has not been well established.
Method
We started aggressive BPA protocol for non-operable CTED patients who suffered from symptom with NYHA class II, III, and IV or limitation of exercise in spite of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) <25 mmHg since February 2014. We evaluated subjective symptoms, hemodynamic parameters by right heart catheter, and exercise capacity by cardiopulmonary exercise test at baseline and after the last BPA session.
Results
Twenty-three patients with CTED (68.7±10.5 years-old, 7 male) had undergone BPA. In these, 7 patients had received pulmonary vasodilators previously. After 2.9±1.3 sessions of BPA, Further improvement was observed in hemodynamics such as mPAP (21.6±2.3 to 17.1±2.6 mmHg, p<0.01), pulmonary vascular resistance (278±80 to 198±63 dyne/s/cm–5, p<0.01), which were accompanied with improved peak VO2 (14.6±4.4 to 17.4±4.2 ml/min/kg, p<0.01), VE/VCO2 slope (39.6±14.6 to 30.2±6.0, p=0.01), and functional class (I/II/III/IV; 0/10/12/1 to 9/12/2/0, p<0.01) (Table). All patients were tolerable, and no severe complication regarding to BPA.
Table 1 Variables Baseline After BPA (3 month) P value NYHA class (I / II / III / IV) 0 / 10 / 12 / 1 9 / 12 / 2 / 0 <0.01 Mean PAP (mmHg) 21.6±2.3 17.1±2.6 <0.01 PVR (dyne/sec/cm–5) 278±80 198±63 <0.01 6 MWD (m) 354±93 382±96 0.09 Peak VO2 (ml/min/kg) 14.6±4.4 17.4±4.2 <0.01
Conclusion
BPA may have the potential to achieve further improvement of exercise capacity and symptoms in CTED patients with acceptable risk, therefore BPA should be considered as a treatment option for symptomatic patients with non-operable CTED.
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 3 (PTPN3) could be a new therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz269.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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536 Downregulation of DENND1A accelerates spheroid formation through increasing gene expression of adhesion molecules in cultured melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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781 The association between senile lentigo and intracutaneous nerve structure. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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First Measurements of the Double-Polarization Observables F, P, and H in ω Photoproduction off Transversely Polarized Protons in the N^{*} Resonance Region. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:162301. [PMID: 31075002 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
First measurements of double-polarization observables in ω photoproduction off the proton are presented using transverse target polarization and data from the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) FROST experiment at Jefferson Lab. The beam-target asymmetry F has been measured using circularly polarized, tagged photons in the energy range 1200-2700 MeV, and the beam-target asymmetries H and P have been measured using linearly polarized, tagged photons in the energy range 1200-2000 MeV. These measurements significantly increase the database on polarization observables. The results are included in two partial-wave analyses and reveal significant contributions from several nucleon (N^{*}) resonances. In particular, contributions from new N^{*} resonances listed in the Review of Particle Properties are observed, which aid in reaching the goal of mapping out the nucleon resonance spectrum.
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Rapidly enlarged uterus following microwave endometrial ablation: a case report. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2019. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog4365.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Abstract
Biofabrication aims to fabricate biologically functional products through bioprinting or bioassembly (Groll et al 2016 Biofabrication 8 013001). In biofabrication processes, cells are positioned at defined coordinates in three-dimensional space using automated and computer controlled techniques (Moroni et al 2018 Trends Biotechnol. 36 384-402), usually with the aid of biomaterials that are either (i) directly processed with the cells as suspensions/dispersions, (ii) deposited simultaneously in a separate printing process, or (iii) used as a transient support material. Materials that are suited for biofabrication are often referred to as bioinks and have become an important area of research within the field. In view of this special issue on bioinks, we aim herein to briefly summarize the historic evolution of this term within the field of biofabrication. Furthermore, we propose a simple but general definition of bioinks, and clarify its distinction from biomaterial inks.
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Core fucose is essential glycosylation for CD14-dependent Toll-like receptor 4 and Toll-like receptor 2 signalling in macrophages. J Biochem 2018; 165:227-237. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Endothelial-derived endothelin-1 promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Physiol Res 2018; 67:S185-S197. [PMID: 29947539 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. Given that endothelial cells are the main source of ET-1 and ET-1 from other cells may encounter difficulty penetrating vascular compartments, we hypothesize that endothelial-derived ET-1 promotes vascular remodeling secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. We used vascular endothelial ET-1 knock-out (VEETKO) and Wild type mice for this research. They were given intratracheal bleomycin and euthanized at day 28. We quantified pulmonary fibrosis, measured lung ET-1 and its receptors' expression, and assessed pulmonary vascular remodeling by calculating medial wall index, muscularization index, adventitial collagen and adventitial fibroblast and macrophage accumulation. Right ventricle remodeling was also assessed. Both VEETKO and Wild type mice developed comparable pulmonary fibrosis and similar fibrosis-related gene expression. Compared to Wild type mice, bleomycin-induced VEETKO mice had lower ET-1 peptide levels (15.4 pg/mg vs. 31.2 pg/mg, p<0.01). Expression of both ET-1 receptors mRNAs were increased in fibrosis models. Bleomycin-induced fibrosis VEETKO mice had significantly less muscularized arterioles, lower muscularization index and attenuated adventitial collagen, fibroblast and macrophage accumulation as compared to that of Wild type mice. Right ventricular pressure, hypertrophy and fibrosis did not increase both in VEETKO and Wild type mice despite the more enhanced vascular remodeling in Wild type. In conclusion, endothelial-derived endothelin-1 promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling secondary to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Distinct effects of daratumumab on indirect and direct antiglobulin tests: a new method employing 0.01 mol/L dithiothreitol for negating the daratumumab interference with preserving K antigenicity (Osaka method). Transfusion 2018; 58:3003-3013. [PMID: 30267414 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing demand for daratumumab (DARA), an immunoglobulin (Ig)G1κ monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that recognizes CD38, to manage relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM) patients. However, DARA leads to positive and panreactive agglutination reactions in indirect antiglobulin tests (IATs) in vitro (the DARA interference). In addition, effects of DARA on red blood cells (RBCs) in vivo remains elusive. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To develop a new method to negate the DARA interference, the effects of various concentrations of dithiothreitol (DTT) on RBC CD38 and Kell antigenicity in combination with an automatic blood cell washing centrifuge were compared with the AABB standard procedure in parallel. Moreover, direct antiglobulin tests (DATs) for RBCs in DARA-treated MM patients were examined. RESULTS A quantity of 0.01 mol/L DTT as well as the AABB procedure (equivalent to 0.15 mol/L DTT in our procedure) markedly reduced the reactivity of phycoerythrin-mouse anti-CD38 MoAb and DARA with RBCs. In sharp contrast to the AABB procedure, 0.01 mol/L DTT partially preserved K antigenicity and allowed the determination of phenotype of K antigen even in the presence of the DARA interference. In contrast, DAT for RBCs obtained from MM patients showed a weak positive or negative reaction. Immunoblotting further indicated that DARA induced loss of CD38 in vivo. CONCLUSION A simple and reliable method to negate the DARA interference with partially preserving Kell antigenicity is proposed (Osaka method). CD38 antigenicity is susceptible to 0.01 mol/L DTT treatment even in the presence of DARA. Our data also demonstrate distinct effects of DARA on IAT in vitro and DAT in vivo.
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P1626Comparison between pulmonary endarterectomy and balloon pulmonary angioplasty focusing on RC time constant and pulmonary artery compliance in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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P2613Lung perfusion recovery evaluated by dual-energy CT correlated with the improvement of exercise capacity in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Juvenile migration of the exclusively pelagic cyprinid, Gnathopogon caerulescens (Honmoroko) in Lake Biwa, Central Japan. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 92:1590-1603. [PMID: 29624686 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Migration of wild and cultivated juvenile honmoroko Gnathopogon caerulescens of from the spawning and nursery areas in Lake Biwa were investigated, both in the Ibanaiko Lagoon and its outlet to Daido River, using beam-trawl surveys in 2013 and 2014. The study demonstrated migration of G. caerulescens from a nursery lagoon toward Lake Biwa after the juvenile stage. These findings appear to be the first direct evidence for migration of an exclusively pelagic cyprinid species from a littoral nursery to a pelagic adult habitat in a large deep lake.
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Microwave endometrial ablation may be an ineffective procedure for life-threatening uterine bleeding induced by an uterine arteriovenous malformation. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2018. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog3768.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Identification of genes encoding glycosyltransferases involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis inPorphyromonas gingivalis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2017; 33:68-80. [DOI: 10.1111/omi.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Microwave endometrial ablation at a frequency of 2.45 GHz for menorrhagia: analysis of its efficacy, recurrence rate, and complications. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2017. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog3467.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Correlation between vessel angle and successful recanalization using adapt technique. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Synergistic anti-AML effects of the LSD1 inhibitor T-3775440 and the NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor pevonedistat via transdifferentiation and DNA rereplication. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e377. [PMID: 28892104 PMCID: PMC5623902 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1, KDM1A) specifically demethylates di- and monomethylated histones H3K4 and K9, resulting in context-dependent transcriptional repression or activation. We previously identified an irreversible LSD1 inhibitor T-3775440, which exerts antileukemic activities in a subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines by inducing cell transdifferentiation. The NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor pevonedistat (MLN4924, TAK-924) is an investigational drug with antiproliferative activities in AML, and is also reported to induce cell differentiation. We therefore tested the combination of these two agents in AML models. The combination treatment resulted in synergistic growth inhibition of AML cells, accompanied by enhanced transdifferentiation of an erythroid leukemia lineage into granulomonocytic-like lineage cells. In addition, pevonedistat-induced rereplication stress during the S phase was greatly augmented by concomitant treatment with T-3775440, as reflected by the increased induction of apoptosis. We further demonstrated that the combination treatment was markedly effective in subcutaneous tumor xenograft models as well as in a disseminated model of AML, leading to tumor eradication or prolonged survival in T-3775440/pevonedistat cotreated mice. Our findings indicate the therapeutic potential of the combination of LSD1 inhibitors and pevonedistat for the treatment of AML.
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P17.09 Lipid alteration following proton beam irradiation in mouse brain of radiation necrosis model. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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What factor within the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) criteria is most strongly correlated with trauma induced DIC? A retrospective study using thromboelastometry in a single center in Japan. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2017; 43:431-438. [PMID: 28093623 PMCID: PMC5533846 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-016-0756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The diagnostic criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) established by the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) is able to diagnose DIC accurately and promptly. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the degree of association between each parameter of JAAM DIC criteria and the diagnosis of trauma induced DIC (T-DIC) utilizing thromboelastometry (ROTEM). Methods Trauma patients transported to our hospital with ROTEM performed in the emergency department between January 2013 and December 2015 were enrolled in this study. We evaluated (1) the characteristics of T-DIC, (2) the relationships between T-DIC and each parameter of the JAAM DIC criteria and (3) the diagnostic accuracies of each parameter for T-DIC by statistical measurement. Results All 72 patients (21 T-DIC and 51 control) were included in primary analysis. T-DIC was significantly related to younger age, more severe trauma scores, more cases of massive transfusions, and remarkable coagulation abnormality detected by standard coagulation tests. In the cases of T-DIC, ROTEM showed longer clotting time, lower acceleration, lower clot firmness, and inhibited fibrinolysis in EXTEM/INTEM. Within the JAAM DIC score, PT-INR ≥1.2 was the most accurate factor for T-DIC diagnosis; sensitivity 60.0%, specificity 100.0%, and accuracy 88.7%. PT-INR ≥1.2 was statistically correlated with the JAAM DIC score (p < 0.001, r = 0.709). The univariate analysis based on 1.2 of PT-INR indicated statistical differences in most categories of ROTEM, which is similar to analysis performed for the presence and absence of T-DIC. Conclusions Among JAAM DIC criteria, the PT-INR ≥1.2 was the most accurate factor for both the diagnosis of T-DIC and the evaluation of its severity.
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Abstract
Elucidating the complex mechanism of thermo-oxidative degradation of recombinant spider silk by systematic characterization and correlation coefficient approach.
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Abstract 3122: A strategy for detecting high-risk groups for pancreatic cancer with glycol-biomarkers. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
(Aim) Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal cancers, showing a high potential for invasive activity and high recurrence rates. One of the reasons for poor prognosis of PDAC is a difficulty in an early diagnosis. When pancreatic tumors are detected by CT or MRI examinations, most cases are at the advanced stage even if tumor size is within 2 cm. To make an early diagnosis for PDAC truely, we should make a targeting of high-risk groups for developing PDAC like chronic hepatitis followed by hepatocellular carcinoma. Aberrant glycosylation is a promising target for cancer biomarkers. Several kinds of glyco-biomarkers are clinically used for PDAC diagnosis like CA19-9. We have reported that fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hpt) is a novel type of glyco-biomarker for PDAC. Serum Fuc-Hpt levels are dramatically increased at the stage IV of PDAC as well as a few cases of Stage I-III. In the present study, we performed pathological analysis of surrounding tissues around pancreatic cancer as well as normal pancreas in autopsy cases and investigated the clinical usefulness of glycol-biomarkers for chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer (Subjects and Methods) 88 cases of pancreatic cancer patients and 100 cases of other diseases are enrolled in this study. Inflammation, fibrosis and fatty changes were investigated in these pancreatic tissues by 2 independent researchers in blind way. Serum fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hpt) levels in patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer were measured with lectin-antibody ELISA, using Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) and Pholiota squarrosa lectin (PhoSL). AAL recognizes all types of fucosylation and PhoSL recognizes core fucosylation.
(Results) Pancreatectomy specimens showed a higher ratio of positive change in fibrosis (86% vs. 42%), fatty degeneration (72% vs. 44%), and inflammatory cell infiltration (14% vs. 3%) than control samples. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that each histological change was a significant, independent determinant for PDAC. In contrast, AAL-reactive Fuc-Hpt levels were increased in patients with pancreatic cancer and AAL-reactive Fuc-Hpt was though to be produced in the liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer. In contrast, PhoSL-reactive Fuc-Hpt levels were increased in patients with chronic pancreatitis, compared to pancreatic cancer. Correlations of PhoSL-reactive Fuc-Hpt levels and other biochemical parameters such as serum amylase, lipase, and elastase levels were not observed. The investigation of mechanisms underlying an increase of serum PhoSL-reactive Fuc-Hpt in patients with chronic pancreatitis is underway.
(Conclusion) Cryptogenic pancreatitis might be a premalignant disease for pancreatic cancer and dramatic changes in fucosylation linkage on Fuc-Hpt were observed in pancreatic carcinogenesis. These findings give us a possibility of preventing or diagnosing pancreatic cancer at earlier stage, chronic pancreatitis.
Citation Format: Eiji Miyoshi, Tomohiro Maekawa, Makiko Ueda, Mayuka Shimomura, Shinji Takamatsu, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yasuhiko Tomita. A strategy for detecting high-risk groups for pancreatic cancer with glycol-biomarkers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3122.
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Relationship between, Lifestyle, Mold and Sick Building Syndromes in Newly Built Dwellings in Japan. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 20:35-43. [PMID: 17903355 DOI: 10.1177/03946320070200s208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the relationships among Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) symptoms, we conducted a questionnaire and an indoor environment mold survey in a sample of newly built dwellings in Japan. The questionnaire included questions on SBS symptoms and lifestyle and a mold survey conducted in the living room of each dwelling. The odds ratios (OR) for insufficient sleep were 3.58 in males and 2.57 (weighted for SBS symptoms; W) in females, 0.38 (W) for alcohol consumption in males, and 0.10 (W) for working hours in females. The ORs for total molds were 2.90 and 2.90 (W): 2.25 (W) for Cladosporium cladosporioides, 3.60 and 7.69 (W) for Penicillium sp. in females, and 4.08 and 8.82 (W) for Alternaria alternata in males. These results suggest that the presence of Penicillium sp. in females and Alternaria alternata in males increases the risk of SBS, whereas sufficient sleep, moderate alcohol consumption for males, and fewer working hours for females might alleviate SBS symptoms.
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Serum Mac-2 binding protein is a novel biomarker for chronic pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:4403-4410. [PMID: 27158210 PMCID: PMC4853699 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i17.4403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the efficacy of Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2bp) for diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.
METHODS: Fifty-nine healthy volunteers (HV), 162 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and 94 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were enrolled in this study. We measured serum Mac-2bp using our developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Additional biochemical variables were measured using an automated analyzer (including aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, and amylase levels) or chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen). The ability of Mac-2bp to predict CP diagnosis accurately was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.
RESULTS: Serum Mac-2bp levels were significantly increased in CP patients compared to HV (P < 0.0001) and PDAC patients (P < 0.0001). Area under the ROC curve values of Mac-2bp for the discrimination of CP from HV and PDAC were 0.727 and 0.784, respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that serum Mac-2bp levels were independent determinants for CP diagnosis from HV and PDAC patients. Immunohistological staining showed that Mac-2bp was expressed faintly in the pancreas tissues of both CP and PDAC patients. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients with CP or PDAC. Serum Mac-2bp levels were highly correlated with protein levels of alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and C-reactive protein, but not amylase, suggesting that the damaged liver produces Mac-2bp.
CONCLUSION: Measurement of serum Mac-2bp may be a novel and useful biomarker for CP diagnosis as well as liver fibrosis in the general population.
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The expression of miR-125b-5p is increased in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection and inhibits the detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:330-9. [PMID: 26924666 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs were first discovered as small endogenous RNA molecules and some viruses have been reported to interact with host miRNAs. By investigating miRNA expression in serum derived from HBV-infected patients, we have clarified the relationship between miRNA expression and chronic HBV infection. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of miRNAs as both novel biomarkers and new therapies against HBV. We included the sera of 20 patients with chronic HBV infection, sera of 20 patients with HCV infection and sera of 10 healthy controls in this study. The miRNA libraries were sequenced using a 32-mer single end sequence. The validation study of circulating miRNA in serum was conducted by qRT-PCR. The HBV genomic regions of genotype B and genotype C that were speculated to be targeted by miRNA were constructed using complementary oligonucleotides in the vectors. Reporter assays were performed 48 h after transfection. The expression levels of 21 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in the three groups. 10 miRNAs (hsa-miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-193b-3p, miR-194-3p, miR-30a-3p, miR-30c-2-3p, miR-3591-5p, miR-4709-3p, miR-574-3p and miR-99a-5p) were found to be upregulated in CH-B by deep sequence analysis. The computer analysis showed that two regions of HBsAg are potential targets of miR-125b-5p and miR-30c-2-3p and that these miRNAs may downregulate the expression of HBV-S. The HBV genotype C segment speculated to be targeted by hsa-miR-125b-5p significantly decreased the expression of the reporter. This study indicated that expression of miR-125b-5p was related to the etiology of chronic hepatitis B infection and regulated the expression of HBsAg.
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Specific increase in serum core-fucosylated haptoglobin in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2016; 16:238-43. [PMID: 26897254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the worst prognosis of all malignancies, and its diagnosis in early stages is the most important prognostic factor. Chronic pancreatitis (CP), a common background of PDAC occurrence, is morphologically defined as progressive pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation accompanied by pancreatic exocrine cell atrophy. We recently found that inflammation and fibrosis are independent characteristic histological changes in noncancerous lesions in PDAC patients despite the absence of a past history of clinical CP. Subclinical CP is an important background for PDAC occurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a noninvasive and reliable biomarker for CP diagnosis. METHODS Fifty-nine healthy volunteers (HV), 159 patients with CP, and 83 patients with PDAC were enrolled in this study. We measured serum total fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hpt) and core-Fuc-Hpt levels using lectin-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits that we developed. In these kits, total Fuc-Hpt and core-Fuc-Hpt were measured using Aleuria aurantia lectin and Pholiota squarrosa lectin, respectively. RESULTS Serum Fuc-Hpt levels were significantly increased in CP patients compared to HV (P < 0.0001) and were further increased in PDAC patients (P < 0.0001). Interestingly, serum core-Fuc-Hpt levels were significantly higher in CP patients compared to HV (P < 0.0001) and PDAC patients (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that total serum core-Fuc-Hpt was an independent determinant for CP diagnosis, but Fuc-Hpt was not. CONCLUSIONS A dramatic change in oligosaccharides was observed in serum haptoglobin between CP and PDAC. Serum core-Fuc-Hpt may be a novel and useful biomarker for CP diagnosis.
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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the female genital tract mimicking primary gynecological tumors: a single-center series of 3 cases. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:117-121. [PMID: 27048122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant lymphoma of the female genital tract is quite rare and its presentation may resemble that of other, more common tumors, causing confusion for clinicians. CASE HISTORY The authors report three patients with a non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) involving the female genital tract: two cases involved the ovary and one involved the uterus. In all patients, the genital tract was the initial site of clinical presentation of a B cell lymphoma. One patient was diagnosed postoperatively and subsequently received chemotherapy; the other two patients were diagnosed by imaging-guided biopsy and were successfully managed by chemotherapy without resection surgery. Two patients were alive, without evidence of disease, and one patient was alive with disease at their most recent follow-up visit. CONCLUSION The authors' experience emphasizes that lymphoma should be in the differential diagnosis of pelvic gynecological malignancies, and its clinical, biological, and radiological signs must be actively sought. Imaging-guided biopsy should be performed to avoid unnecessary surgery.
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Clinical study of escitalopram monotherapy for major depressive disorder with insomnia. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Assessment of fatigue in obstructive sleep apnea by using salivary human herpes virus (HHV)-6 and HHV-7 reactivation as a biomarker. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Complex molecular genetic abnormalities involving three or more genetic mutations are important prognostic factors for acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 30:545-54. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Application of the quantitative detection of a change in concentration of magnesium stearate in a feeder tube of tableting manufacture by real-time near-infrared spectroscopy. DIE PHARMAZIE 2015; 70:636-639. [PMID: 26601418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Process analytical technology is important for the analysis and control of manufacturing processes. Near-infrared spectroscopy is widely used in various process analytical technologies for the analysis of the chemical componentsof solid dosage forms. Lubrication is an important process carried out before a tablet is produced. In this process, the concentration of lubricant, such as magnesium stearate (StMg), might change for one of many reasons during powder transport, which would be a critical problem such as variation in tablet compressibility and dissolution failure of compressed tablets. Our group investigated the feasibility of the quantitative monitoring of a change in the concentration of StMg in the feeder tube of tableting equipment employing real-time near-infrared spectroscopy.
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High-temperature superconductivity in potassium-coated multilayer FeSe thin films. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:775-779. [PMID: 26030306 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of possible high-temperature (T(c)) superconductivity over 65 K in a monolayer FeSe film on SrTiO3 (refs 1-6) triggered a fierce debate on how superconductivity evolves from bulk to film, because bulk FeSe crystal exhibits a T(c) of no higher than 10 K (ref. 7). However, the difficulty in controlling the carrier density and the number of FeSe layers has hindered elucidation of this problem. Here, we demonstrate that deposition of potassium onto FeSe films markedly expands the accessible doping range towards the heavily electron-doped region. Intriguingly, we have succeeded in converting non-superconducting films with various thicknesses into superconductors with T(c) as high as 48 K. We also found a marked increase in the magnitude of the superconducting gap on decreasing the FeSe film thickness, indicating that the interface plays a crucial role in realizing the high-temperature superconductivity. The results presented provide a new strategy to enhance and optimize T(c) in ultrathin films of iron-based superconductors.
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Strategic development of a multivariate calibration model for the uniformity testing of tablets by transmission NIR analysis. DIE PHARMAZIE 2015; 70:289-295. [PMID: 26062295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of transmission near infrared spectroscopy (TNIRS) is of particular interest in the pharmaceutical industry. This is because TNIRS does not require sample preparation and can analyze several tens of tablet samples in an hour. It has the capability to measure all relevant information from a tablet, while still on the production line. However, TNIRS has a narrow spectrum range and overtone vibrations often overlap. To perform content uniformity testing in tablets by TNIRS, various properties in the tableting process need to be analyzed by a multivariate prediction model, such as a Partial Least Square Regression modeling. One issue is that typical approaches require several hundred reference samples to act as the basis of the method rather than a strategically designed method. This means that many batches are needed to prepare the reference samples; this requires time and is not cost effective. Our group investigated the concentration dependence of the calibration model with a strategic design. Consequently, we developed a more effective approach to the TNIRS calibration model than the existing methodology.
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Are tyrosine residues involved in the photoconversion of the water-soluble chlorophyll-binding protein of Chenopodium album? PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2015; 17:632-638. [PMID: 25287526 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-photosynthetic and hydrophilic chlorophyll (Chl) proteins, called water-soluble Chl-binding proteins (WSCPs), are distributed in various species of Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Polygonaceae and Brassicaceae. Based on their photoconvertibility, WSCPs are categorised into two classes: Class I (photoconvertible) and Class II (non-photoconvertible). Chenopodium album WSCP (CaWSCP; Class I) is able to convert the chlorin skeleton of Chl a into a bacteriochlorin-like skeleton under light in the presence of molecular oxygen. Potassium iodide (KI) is a strong inhibitor of the photoconversion. Because KI attacks tyrosine residues in proteins, tyrosine residues in CaWSCP are considered to be important amino acid residues for the photoconversion. Recently, we identified the gene encoding CaWSCP and found that the mature region of CaWSCP contained four tyrosine residues: Tyr13, Tyr14, Tyr87 and Tyr134. To gain insight into the effect of the tyrosine residues on the photoconversion, we constructed 15 mutant proteins (Y13A, Y14A, Y87A, Y134A, Y13-14A, Y13-87A, Y13-134A, Y14-87A, Y14-134A, Y87-134A, Y13-14-87A, Y13-14-134A, Y13-87-134A, Y14-87-134A and Y13-14-87-134A) using site-directed mutagenesis. Amazingly, all the mutant proteins retained not only chlorophyll-binding activity, but also photoconvertibility. Furthermore, we found that KI strongly inhibited the photoconversion of Y13-14-87-134A. These findings indicated that the four tyrosine residues are not essential for the photoconversion.
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Fucosylation is a common glycosylation type in pancreatic cancer stem cell-like phenotypes. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:3876-87. [PMID: 25852272 PMCID: PMC4385534 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i13.3876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate/isolate cancer stem cells (CSCs) from tissue or cell lines according to various definitions and cell surface markers. METHODS Lectin microarray analysis was conducted on CSC-like fractions of the human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc1 by establishing anti-cancer drug-resistant cells. Changes in glycan structure of CSC-like cells were also investigated in sphere-forming cells as well as in CSC fractions obtained from overexpression of CD24 and CD44. RESULTS Several types of fucosylation were increased under these conditions, and the expression of fucosylation regulatory genes such as fucosyltransferases, GDP-fucose synthetic enzymes, and GDP-fucose transporters were dramatically enhanced in CSC-like cells. These changes were significant in gemcitabine-resistant cells and sphere cells of a human pancreatic cancer cell line, Panc1. However, downregulation of cellular fucosylation by knockdown of the GDP-fucose transporter did not alter gemcitabine resistance, indicating that increased cellular fucosylation is a result of CSC-like transformation. CONCLUSION Fucosylation might be a biomarker of CSC-like cells in pancreatic cancer.
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Establishment of a novel lectin-antibody ELISA system to determine core-fucosylated haptoglobin. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 446:30-6. [PMID: 25861849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hpt) is a novel cancer biomarker that increases in various pathological conditions. We previously established a Fuc-Hpt lectin-antibody assay using Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), and applied this to diagnose several diseases, including various cancers. AAL recognizes both α1-3/1-4 and α1-6 fucosylation on N/O-linked glycans. These fucosylation types differ in biological function, and in regulation by different fucosyltransferases. Recently, we identified a novel lectin, Pholiota squarrosa lectin (PhoSL), which specifically recognizes α1-6 fucosylation (core-fucosylation). METHODS We developed a lectin-antibody ELISA kit using PhoSL to determine core-Fuc-Hpt levels in sera from colorectal or pancreatic cancer patients. RESULTS Serum levels of AAL-reactive Hpt are higher in pancreatic cancer patients, whereas those of PhoSL-reactive Hpt are higher in colorectal cancer patients. Mass spectrometry analyses of Hpt fucosylation levels were consistent with lectin-antibody ELISA results. Hpt-transfected colorectal cancer cell lines produced significant amounts of core-Fuc-Hpt, suggesting that colorectal cancer tissues produce core-Fuc-Hpt. CONCLUSIONS These differences in Fuc-Hpt patterns might depend on cancer cells and the surrounding cells, which produce Hpt.
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Porphyromonas gingivalis and related bacteria: from colonial pigmentation to the type IX secretion system and gliding motility. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:1-8. [PMID: 25546073 PMCID: PMC4674972 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative, non-motile, anaerobic bacterium implicated as a major pathogen in periodontal disease. P. gingivalis grows as black-pigmented colonies on blood agar, and many bacteriologists have shown interest in this property. Studies of colonial pigmentation have revealed a number of important findings, including an association with the highly active extracellular and surface proteinases called gingipains that are found in P. gingivalis. The Por secretion system, a novel type IX secretion system (T9SS), has been implicated in gingipain secretion in studies using non-pigmented mutants. In addition, many potent virulence proteins, including the metallocarboxypeptidase CPG70, 35 kDa hemin-binding protein HBP35, peptidylarginine deiminase PAD and Lys-specific serine endopeptidase PepK, are secreted through the T9SS. These findings have not been limited to P. gingivalis but have been extended to other bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes. Many Bacteroidetes species possess the T9SS, which is associated with gliding motility for some of these bacteria.
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Reconstruction of band structure induced by electronic nematicity in an FeSe superconductor. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:237001. [PMID: 25526150 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.237001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on an FeSe superconductor (T_{c}∼8 K), which exhibits a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition at T_{s}∼90 K. At low temperature, we found splitting of the energy bands as large as 50 meV at the M point in the Brillouin zone, likely caused by the formation of electronically driven nematic states. This band splitting persists up to T∼110 K, slightly above T_{s}, suggesting that the structural transition is triggered by the electronic nematicity. We have also revealed that at low temperature the band splitting gives rise to a van Hove singularity within 5 meV of the Fermi energy. The present result strongly suggests that this unusual electronic state is responsible for the unconventional superconductivity in FeSe.
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