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Potdar V, Vijay N, Mukhopadhyay L, Aggarwal N, Bhardwaj SD, Choudhary ML, Gupta N, Kaur H, Narayan J, Kumar P, Singh H, Abdulkader RS, Murhekar M, Mishra M, Thangavel S, Nagamani K, Dhodapkar R, Fomda BA, Varshney U, Majumdar A, Dutta S, Vijayachari P, Turuk J, Majumdar T, Sahoo GC, Pandey K, Bhargava A, Negi SS, Khatri PK, Kalawat U, Biswas D, Khandelwal N, Borkakoty B, Manjushree S, Singh MP, Iravane J, Kaveri K, Shantala GB, Brijwal M, Choudhary A, Dar L, Malhotra B, Jain A. Pan-India influenza-like illness (ILI) and Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance: epidemiological, clinical and genomic analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1218292. [PMID: 37927860 PMCID: PMC10624221 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1218292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over time, COVID-19 testing has significantly declined across the world. However, it is critical to monitor the virus through surveillance. In late 2020, WHO released interim guidance advising the use of the existing Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) for the integrated surveillance of influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Methods In July 2021, we initiated a pan-India integrated surveillance for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 through the geographically representative network of Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratories (VRDLs) across 26 hospital and laboratory sites and 70 community sites. A total of 34,260 cases of influenza-like illness (ILI) and Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) were enrolled from 4 July 2021 to 31 October 2022. Findings Influenza A(H3) and B/Victoria dominated during 2021 monsoon season while A(H1N1)pdm09 dominated during 2022 monsoon season. The SARS-CoV-2 "variants of concern" (VoC) Delta and Omicron predominated in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Increased proportion of SARI was seen in extremes of age: 90% cases in < 1 year; 68% in 1 to 5 years and 61% in ≥ 8 years age group. Approximately 40.7% of enrolled cases only partially fulfilled WHO ILI and SARI case definitions. Influenza- and SARS-CoV-2-infected comorbid patients had higher risks of hospitalization, ICU admission, and oxygen requirement. Interpretation The results depicted the varying strains and transmission dynamics of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses over time, thus emphasizing the need to continue and expand surveillance across countries for improved decision making. The study also describes important information related to clinical outcomes of ILI and SARI patients and highlights the need to review existing WHO ILI and SARI case definitions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neetu Vijay
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Labanya Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Aggarwal
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Harmanmeet Kaur
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra Narayan
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Biomedical Informatics (BMI) Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Biomedical Informatics (BMI) Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Meena Mishra
- VRDL, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India
| | | | - K. Nagamani
- VRDL, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, India
| | - Rahul Dhodapkar
- VRDL, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Agniva Majumdar
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - P. Vijayachari
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Port Blair, India
| | | | | | | | - Krishna Pandey
- ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | | | | | | | - Usha Kalawat
- VRDL, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India
| | - Debasis Biswas
- VRDL, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | | | | | | | - Mini P. Singh
- VRDL, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - K. Kaveri
- VRDL, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, India
| | - G. B. Shantala
- VRDL, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Megha Brijwal
- VRDL, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Lalit Dar
- VRDL, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Amita Jain
- VRDL, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Meenakshi RP, Kiruba R, Arun KV, Sivaram G, Arumuganainar D, Kaveri K. Cell-based therapy in the management of Class III Miller's recession - A case report with 45-month follow-up. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:437-442. [PMID: 37593550 PMCID: PMC10431218 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_436_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Miller's Class III gingival recessions (GRs) have always posed a challenge to the clinicians in terms of achieving complete root coverage (CRC). In the present case, a cell-based therapy with autologous fibroblasts seeded onto a Type 1 collagen membrane, through an in-vitro culturing method was utilized. The fibroblasts-seeded membrane was surgically placed under a laterally repositioned flap. The patient presented with a CRC, which was stable even at the postoperative period of 45 months. In addition, a 3-mm substantial gain in the width of keratinized tissue was achieved and maintained throughout the postoperative period. Hence, the results of the cell-seeded therapy emphasize that it can serve as an effective alternative method for the management of Miller's Class III GRs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Kiruba
- Department of Virology, Kings Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. V. Arun
- Department of Periodontics, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G. Sivaram
- Department of Periodontics, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - K. Kaveri
- Department of Virology, Kings Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Benny L, Mehta P, Ahmed S, Paul A, Sukumaran A, Mohanan M, Vijayan A, Kaveri K, Padmaja R, Shenoy P. Correlates of breakthrough Omicron (B.1.1.529) infections in a prospective cohort of vaccinated patients with rheumatic diseases. Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:1033-1039. [PMID: 37029793 PMCID: PMC10082437 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the durability of protection against the prevalent Omicron variant are scarce, especially in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). Hence, we prospectively studied Omicron breakthrough infections in patients with AIRDs and attempted to isolate associated risk factors. METHODS Patients with AIRDs who had completed primary vaccination with either AZD1222 or BBV152 vaccines were included and prospectively followed up from January 2022 onwards for the development of breakthrough Omicron infections. The time interval from the last event [2nd dose of vaccination (V) or past COVID-19 infection (I) whichever was later] to Omicron infection was recorded. Patients were divided based on the events and their order of occurrence into V + V, V + I, I + V, V + I + V, and V + V + I groups. The incidence of breakthrough infections and their predictors were studied with a focus on the vaccine type and hybrid (H) immunity (vaccinated individuals with a history of COVID-19 infection). RESULTS We included 907 patients with AIRDs (53.5 ± 11.7 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1:5.1), and the majority of patients had received AZD1222 (755, 83.2%). Breakthrough infections were observed in 158 of 907(17.4%) of which 97 (10.4%) were confirmed by RT-PCR. Breakthrough infections were significantly greater in the V versus the H group (15.7% and 3.5%, log-rank test, p = < 0.01). Among the hybrid group, the order of infection and vaccination had no bearing on the risk of breakthrough infections. On multivariate analysis, breakthrough infections were significantly lesser in the H versus the V group [HR: 0.2(0.1-0.4); p = 0.01]. CONCLUSION The risk of breakthrough Omicron infections in fully vaccinated patients with AIRDs was 17.4% with a significantly lower risk in patients with hybrid immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Benny
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - Pankti Mehta
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sakir Ahmed
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Aby Paul
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - Aswathy Sukumaran
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - Manju Mohanan
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - Anuroopa Vijayan
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - K Kaveri
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - R Padmaja
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India
| | - Padmanabha Shenoy
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatism Excellence, Dr Shenoys Care, Nettor, Kochi, 682040, Kerala, India.
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Chadha M, Prabhakaran AO, Choudhary ML, Biswas D, Koul P, Kaveri K, Dar L, Mamta CS, Jadhav S, Bhardwaj SD, Laserson K, Saha S, Potdar V. Multisite surveillance for influenza and other respiratory viruses in India: 2016-2018. PLOS Glob Public Health 2022; 2:e0001001. [PMID: 36962617 PMCID: PMC10022084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is limited surveillance and laboratory capacity for non-influenza respiratory viruses in India. We leveraged the influenza sentinel surveillance of India to detect other respiratory viruses among patients with acute respiratory infection. Six centers representing different geographic areas of India weekly enrolled a convenience sample of 5-10 patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) between September 2016-December 2018. Staff collected nasal and throat specimens in viral transport medium and tested for influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), human meta-pneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (AdV) and human rhinovirus (HRV) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis of influenza and RSV was done. We enrolled 16,338 including 8,947 ARI and 7,391 SARI cases during the study period. Median age was 14.6 years (IQR:4-32) in ARI cases and 13 years (IQR:1.3-55) in SARI cases. We detected respiratory viruses in 33.3% (2,981) of ARI and 33.4% (2,468) of SARI cases. Multiple viruses were co-detected in 2.8% (458/16,338) specimens. Among ARI cases influenza (15.4%) were the most frequently detected viruses followed by HRV (6.2%), RSV (5%), HMPV (3.4%), PIV (3.3%) and AdV (3.1%),. Similarly among SARI cases, influenza (12.7%) were most frequently detected followed by RSV (8.2%), HRV (6.1%), PIV (4%), HMPV (2.6%) and AdV (2.1%). Our study demonstrated the feasibility of expanding influenza surveillance systems for surveillance of other respiratory viruses in India. Influenza was the most detected virus among ARI and SARI cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Chadha
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Dipankar Biswas
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Parvaiz Koul
- Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - K. Kaveri
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Lalit Dar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chawla Sarkar Mamta
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Santosh Jadhav
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Sumit Dutt Bhardwaj
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Kayla Laserson
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (India Office), New Delhi, India
| | - Siddhartha Saha
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (India Office), New Delhi, India
| | - Varsha Potdar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
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Sivasubramanian S, Mohandas S, Gopalan V, Govindan K, Varadarajan P, Kaveri K, Ramkumar KM. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases as prognostic markers for severe dengue with plasma leakage. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 128:104821. [PMID: 35908616 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma leakage is a major pathogenic manifestation of severe dengue and is a precursor of life-threatening complications associated with dengue. Accumulating evidence indicates the role of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in mediating vascular permeability and plasma leakage following induction by the dengue virus. This study aims to investigate the utility of MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 in predicting the severity of dengue infection and further explore the relationship of these markers with the pathogenic factors associated with plasma leakage. METHODS The dengue-positive subjects were classified into mild and severe dengue groups based on the manifestation of warning signs. The samples in each group and healthy controls were quantified for basic laboratory characteristics. The levels of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were estimated in all serum samples using a multiplex bead-based assay. RESULTS MMP-2 and MMP-9 were markedly elevated in severe dengue patients compared to mild dengue patients and healthy controls. No alteration in the circulating levels of MMP-3 was observed between the study groups. ROC curve analysis indicated that MMP-2 and MMP-9 exhibited good potential for predicting severe dengue. Notably, an increase in MMP-9 was associated with increased MIF and Hematocrit levels in severe dengue patients. CONCLUSION MMP-2 and MMP-9 could serve as prognostic biomarkers for severe dengue. These findings also identify the association of MMP-9 with markers of plasma leakage, thereby encouraging further studies to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting MMP-9 in managing plasma leakage in severe dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Sivasubramanian
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Gopalan
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - Karthikeyan Govindan
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - Poovazhagi Varadarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai, India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India.
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Banu S, Jolly B, Mukherjee P, Singh P, Khan S, Zaveri L, Shambhavi S, Gaur N, Reddy S, Kaveri K, Srinivasan S, Gopal DR, Siva AB, Thangaraj K, Tallapaka KB, Mishra RK, Scaria V, Sowpati DT. A Distinct Phylogenetic Cluster of Indian Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Isolates. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa434. [PMID: 33200080 PMCID: PMC7543508 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND From an isolated epidemic, coronavirus disease 2019 has now emerged as a global pandemic. The availability of genomes in the public domain after the epidemic provides a unique opportunity to understand the evolution and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus across the globe. METHODS We performed whole-genome sequencing of 303 Indian isolates, and we analyzed them in the context of publicly available data from India. RESULTS We describe a distinct phylogenetic cluster (Clade I/A3i) of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from India, which encompasses 22% of all genomes deposited in the public domain from India. Globally, approximately 2% of genomes, which to date could not be mapped to any distinct known cluster, fall within this clade. CONCLUSIONS The cluster is characterized by a core set of 4 genetic variants and has a nucleotide substitution rate of 1.1 × 10-3 variants per site per year, which is lower than the prevalent A2a cluster. Epidemiological assessments suggest that the common ancestor emerged at the end of January 2020 and possibly resulted in an outbreak followed by countrywide spread. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study characterizing this cluster of SARS-CoV-2 in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Banu
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Bani Jolly
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Payel Mukherjee
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Priya Singh
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shagufta Khan
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Lamuk Zaveri
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sakshi Shambhavi
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Namami Gaur
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashikala Reddy
- Department of Microbiology, Osmania Medical College, Koti, Hyderabad, India
| | - K Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai, India
| | | | - Dhinakar Raj Gopal
- Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | | | | | | | - Rakesh K Mishra
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India
| | - Divya Tej Sowpati
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
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Gupta N, Potdar V, Praharaj I, Giri S, Sapkal G, Yadav P, Choudhary ML, Dar L, Sugunan AP, Kaur H, Munivenkatappa A, Shastri J, Kaveri K, Dutta S, Malhotra B, Jain A, Nagamani K, Shantala GB, Raut S, Vegad MM, Sharma A, Choudhary A, Brijwa M, Balakrishnan A, Manjunatha J, Pathak M, Srinivasan S, Banu H, Sharma H, Jain P, Sunita P, Ambica R, Fageria B, Patel D, Rajbongshi G, Vijay N, Narayan J, Aggarwal N, Nagar A, Gangakhedkar RR, Abraham P. Authors' response. Indian J Med Res 2020; 151:496. [PMID: 32611921 PMCID: PMC7530453 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.286255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Varsha Potdar
- Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ira Praharaj
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Sidhartha Giri
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Gajanan Sapkal
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manohar Lal Choudhary
- Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lalit Dar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - A P Sugunan
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology Kerala Unit, Alappuzha 688 005, Kerala, India, IndiaZ
| | - Harmanmeet Kaur
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Ashok Munivenkatappa
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology Bangalore Field Unit, Bengaluru 560 011, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanthi Shastri
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai 400 034, India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Chennai 600 032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700 010, West Bengal, India
| | - Bharti Malhotra
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur 302 004, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amita Jain
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226 003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kammilli Nagamani
- Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Secunderabad 500 003, Telangana, India
| | - G B Shantala
- Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bengaluru 560 002, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharmila Raut
- Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur 440 018, Maharashtra, India
| | - M M Vegad
- Department of Microbiology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Ahmedabad 380 016, Gujarat, India
| | - Ajanta Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati 781 032, Assam, India
| | - Aashish Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Megha Brijwa
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | | | - Jayaswamy Manjunatha
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology Bangalore Field Unit, Bengaluru 560 011, Karnataka, India
| | - Manish Pathak
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai 400 034, India
| | - Sivasubramanian Srinivasan
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Chennai 600 032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hasina Banu
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700 010, West Bengal, India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur 302 004, Rajasthan, India
| | - Parul Jain
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226 003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pakalpati Sunita
- Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Secunderabad 500 003, Telangana, India
| | - R Ambica
- Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bengaluru 560 002, Karnataka, India
| | - Babita Fageria
- Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur 440 018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Disha Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Ahmedabad 380 016, Gujarat, India
| | - Gitika Rajbongshi
- Department of Microbiology, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati 781 032, Assam, India
| | - Neetu Vijay
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Jitendra Narayan
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Neeraj Aggarwal
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Anu Nagar
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Raman R Gangakhedkar
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Priya Abraham
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029, India
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Gupta N, Potdar V, Praharaj I, Giri S, Sapkal G, Yadav P, Choudhary ML, Dar L, Sugunan AP, Kaur H, Munivenkatappa A, Shastri J, Kaveri K, Dutta S, Malhotra B, Jain A, Nagamani K, Shantala GB, Raut S, Vegad MM, Sharma A, Choudhary A, Brijwal M, Balakrishnan A, Manjunatha J, Pathak M, Srinivasan S, Banu H, Sharma H, Jain P, Sunita P, Ambica R, Fageria B, Patel D, Rajbongshi G, Vijay N, Narayan J, Aggarwal N, Nagar A, Gangakhedkar RR, Abraham P. Laboratory preparedness for SARS-CoV-2 testing in India: Harnessing a network of Virus Research & Diagnostic Laboratories. Indian J Med Res 2020; 151:216-225. [PMID: 32242875 PMCID: PMC7258754 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_594_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: An outbreak of respiratory illness of unknown aetiology was reported from Hubei province of Wuhan, People's Republic of China, in December 2019. The outbreak was attributed to a novel coronavirus (CoV), named as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 and the disease as COVID-19. Within one month, cases were reported from 25 countries. In view of the novel viral strain with reported high morbidity, establishing early countrywide diagnosis to detect imported cases became critical. Here we describe the role of a countrywide network of VRDLs in early diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, established screening as well as confirmatory assays for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 13 VRDLs were provided with the E gene screening real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay. VRDLs were selected on the basis of their presence near an international airport/seaport and their past performance. The case definition for testing included all individuals with travel history to Wuhan and symptomatic individuals with travel history to other parts of China. This was later expanded to include symptomatic individuals returning from Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong, Thailand and South Korea. Results: Within a week of standardization of the test at NIV, all VRDLs could initiate testing for SARS-CoV-2. Till February 29, 2020, a total of 2,913 samples were tested. This included both 654 individuals quarantined in the two camps and others fitting within the case definition. The quarantined individuals were tested twice - at days 0 and 14. All tested negative on both occasions. Only three individuals belonging to different districts in Kerala were found to be positive. Interpretation & conclusions: Sudden emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its potential to cause a pandemic posed an unsurmountable challenge to the public health system of India. However, concerted efforts of various arms of the Government of India resulted in a well-coordinated action at each level. India has successfully demonstrated its ability to establish quick diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 at NIV, Pune, and the testing VRDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Varsha Potdar
- Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Ira Praharaj
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sidhartha Giri
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Gajanan Sapkal
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | - Lalit Dar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A P Sugunan
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology Kerala Unit, Alappuzha, Kerala, India
| | - Harmanmeet Kaur
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Munivenkatappa
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology Bangalore Field Unit, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanthi Shastri
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bharti Malhotra
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amita Jain
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kammilli Nagamani
- Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - G B Shantala
- Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharmila Raut
- Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - M M Vegad
- Department of Microbiology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ajanta Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Aashish Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Megha Brijwal
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Jayaswamy Manjunatha
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology Bangalore Field Unit, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manish Pathak
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Hasina Banu
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Parul Jain
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pakalpati Sunita
- Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - R Ambica
- Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Babita Fageria
- Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Disha Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Gitika Rajbongshi
- Department of Microbiology, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Neetu Vijay
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra Narayan
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Aggarwal
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anu Nagar
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Raman R Gangakhedkar
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Kiruba R, Suresh Babu BV, Sheriff AK, Gunasekaran P, Anupama CP, Saran N, Kumar VS, Padmapriya P, Chakravarthy NN, Kaveri K. Dynamics of the occurrence of influenza in relation to seasonal variation in Chennai, Tamil Nadu: A 7 -year cumulative study. Indian J Med Microbiol 2019; 37:401-405. [PMID: 32003340 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_19_226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Influenza viruses have emerged as virulent pathogens causing considerable burden across the world. A thorough understanding of the pattern in occurrence of influenza globally is the need of hour. The present study deals with analysis of the dynamics of Influenza virus, especially the influence of seasonal change on viral circulation and causation of epidemics/pandemics in the context of subtropical region. Methods During the 7 year (2009-2015) study, 36670 specimens were subjected to influenza analysis. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from suspected patients from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, were tested and typed by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Results During 2009 pandemic, among influenza A positives 95.16% were Apdm09, indicating that there was a predominant circulation of Apdm09. During postpandemic period, there were waves in the occurrence of Apdm09 which indicates fall in immunity with buildup in the susceptible population. Conclusion In Chennai, Tamil Nadu, influenza positivity started with the onset of monsoon and peaks during the postmonsoon months throughout the study period. The assessment of meteorological factors compounding influenza activity can help in raising alerts to the public health officials of impending disaster which suggests that Influenza vaccination can be initiated before monsoon months in South India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kiruba
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B V Suresh Babu
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A K Sheriff
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Gunasekaran
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C P Anupama
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Saran
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Senthil Kumar
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Padmapriya
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Nivas Chakravarthy
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Padmapriya P, Gracy Fathima S, Ramanathan G, V Y, A KS, Kaveri K, Gunasekaran P, Tirichurapalli Sivagnanam U, Thennarasu S. Development of antiviral inhibitor against dengue 2 targeting Ns3 protein: In vitro and in silico significant studies. Acta Trop 2018; 188:1-8. [PMID: 30145258 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a severe, widespread disease with more than 2 million diagnosed infections per year. The Dengue virus protease represents a cardinal target for prudent drug design. Among the four serotypes Dengue 2 is known for the occurrence of its frequent epidemics. The new compound inhibited the Dengue-2 in the low-micromolar range in cells. At the moment, protease inhibitors are not actively tried against dengue virus as therapeutic option. We have identified thiosemicarbazones derived phenyl-acetyl ketones as candidate for a novel class of protease inhibitors. Here, we report the selective and non-competitive inhibition of the Dengue virus serotype 2 in vitro and in silico. Molecular docking suggests binding at a specific active site. In addition to the docking assays, few techniques were developed to interpret these molecules's antiviral profile in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Padmapriya
- Biological Material Lab, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, India
| | - S Gracy Fathima
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Guindy, Chennai, 600032, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Yuvaraj V
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Khaleefathullah Sheriff A
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Guindy, Chennai, 600032, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Guindy, Chennai, 600032, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Gunasekaran
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Guindy, Chennai, 600032, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Sathiah Thennarasu
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, Tamilnadu, India.
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11
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Indumathi CP, Gunanasekaran P, Kaveri K, Arunagiri K, Mohana S, Sheriff AK, SureshBabu BV, Padmapriya P, Senthilraja R, Fathima G. Isolation & molecular characterization of human parainfluenza virus in Chennai, India. Indian J Med Res 2016; 142:583-90. [PMID: 26658594 PMCID: PMC4743346 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.171287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) accounts for a significant proportion of lower respiratory tract infections in children as well as adults. This study was done to detect the presence of different subtypes of HPIV from patients having influenza like illness (ILI). Methods: Throat and nasal swabs from 232 patients with ILI who were negative for influenza viruses were tested by multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(mRT-PCR) for the detection of human parainfluenza virus. All samples were inoculated in rhesus monkey kidney (LLC-MK2) cell line. Results: Of the 232 samples, 26(11.2%) were positive by mRT-PCR and nine (34.6%) showed cytopathic effect with syncytium formation for HPIV and all were HPIV-3 serotype, other serotypes like 1,2,4 were negative. The HPIV-3 strains (HN gene) were sequenced and analysed. Two novel mutations were identified at amino acid residues 295 and 297. Interpretation & conclusions: The mRT-PCR assay offers a rapid, sensitive and accurate diagnostic method for detection of HPIV which enables early detection and control. In our study there was a predominance of HPIV among 1-5 yr age group and the school going age group was less affected. Further studies need to be done to characterize HPIV isolated from different parts of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Chennai, India
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12
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Babu BS, Gunasekaran P, Venkataraman P, Mohana S, Kiruba R, Ruban K, Magesh S, Indhumathi CP, Anupama CP, Sheriff AK, Arunagiri K, Kaveri K. Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Chennai, South India during 2011-2014. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.13005/bbra/2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Singaravelu S, Ramanathan G, Raja MD, Nagiah N, Padmapriya P, Kaveri K, Sivagnanam UT. Biomimetic interconnected porous keratin-fibrin-gelatin 3D sponge for tissue engineering application. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:810-9. [PMID: 26875534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The medicated wound dressing material with highly interconnected pores, mimicking the function of the extracellular matrix was fabricated for the promotion of cell growth. In this study, keratin (K), fibrin (F) and gelatin (G) composite scaffold (KFG-SPG) was fabricated by freeze drying technique and the mupirocin (D) drug was successfully incorporated with KFG-SPG (KFG-SPG-D) intended for tissue engineering applications. The fabrication of scaffold was performed without the use of any strong chemical solvents, and the solid sponge scaffold was obtained with well interconnected pores. The porous morphology of the scaffold was confirmed by SEM analysis and exhibited competent mechanical properties. KFG-SPG and KFG-SPG-D possess high level of biocompatibility, cell proliferation and cell adhesion of NIH 3T3 fibroblast and human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell lines thereby indicating the scaffolds potential as a suitable medicated dressing for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Singaravelu
- Bioproducts Lab, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Giriprasath Ramanathan
- Bioproducts Lab, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M D Raja
- Bioproducts Lab, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Naveen Nagiah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - P Padmapriya
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Guindy, Chennai 600032, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Guindy, Chennai 600032, Tamilnadu, India
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14
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Ramanathan G, Singaravelu S, Raja MD, Nagiah N, Padmapriya P, Ruban K, Kaveri K, Natarajan TS, Sivagnanam UT, Perumal PT. Fabrication and characterization of a collagen coated electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)–gelatin nanofibrous scaffold as a soft bio-mimetic material for skin tissue engineering applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19529b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The collagen coated nanofibrous scaffold mimics the function of the extra cellular matrix with good biocompatibility, cell adhesion, cell proliferation and aids to provide as a promising tool in skin tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. D. Raja
- Bioproducts Lab
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Naveen Nagiah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Colorado
- Boulder
- USA
| | - P. Padmapriya
- Department of Virology
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research
- Chennai-600032
- India
| | - K. Ruban
- Department of Virology
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research
- Chennai-600032
- India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- Department of Virology
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research
- Chennai-600032
- India
| | - T. S. Natarajan
- Conducting Polymers Lab
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai
- India
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15
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Thangam R, Suresh V, Asenath Princy W, Rajkumar M, SenthilKumar N, Gunasekaran P, Rengasamy R, Anbazhagan C, Kaveri K, Kannan S. C-Phycocyanin from Oscillatoria tenuis exhibited an antioxidant and in vitro antiproliferative activity through induction of apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Food Chem 2013; 140:262-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mangayarkarasi V, Prema A, Gunasekaran P, Babu BVS, Kaveri K. A unique human rotavirus (non vaccine) G9P4 genotype infection in a child with gastroenteritis. Indian Pediatr 2013; 49:569-71. [PMID: 22885438 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-012-0118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Group A Rotaviruses with serotypes G1-G4 and G9 are the common Rotavirus types of clinical importance. This study aimed at determining the different Rotavirus genotypes in stool sample of children below 5 years. A total of 300 children with acute gastroenteritis were tested for group specific VP6 antigen of group A Rotaviruses by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. 47 of these samples were positive for Rotavirus antigen. Out of these, 20 positive samples were subjected to Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for genotyping. The identified genotypes were G9P8, G1P8, G2P4, G9P4 (non-vaccine genotype), G1P6, and G1 (P types not identified in 5 samples).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mangayarkarasi
- Department of Pediatrics, SRM MCH and RC, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Thangam R, Suresh V, Rajkumar M, Vincent JD, Gunasekaran P, Anbazhagan C, Kaveri K, Kannan S. Antioxidant and in vitro anticancer effect of 2-pyrrolidinone rich fraction of Brassica oleracea var. capitata through induction of apoptosis in human cancer cells. Phytother Res 2013; 27:1664-70. [PMID: 23292857 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze if the 2-pyrrolidinone rich fraction of Brassica oleracea var. capitata exhibiting antioxidant and in vitro anticancer activities. 2-Pyrrolidinone is an active compound present in Brassica oleracea var. capitata. Our findings explored the potential use of 2-pyrrolidinone in cancer treatment. This compound was identified and isolated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography from the leaf of Brassica oleracea var. capitata. The resultant rich active compound exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity in HeLa and PC-3 human cancer cell lines, and it also exhibited antioxidant activity in cell free assays. DAPI staining, an apoptotic analysis and cell cycle analysis were performed to evaluate the anticancer activity of 2-pyrrolidinone against the above cell lines. The IC50 value of 2-pyrrolidinone was determined to be of 2.5 µg/ml for HeLa, 3 µg/ml for PC-3 cells at 24 h and 1.5 µg/ml for HeLa and 2 µg/ml for PC-3 cells at 48 h, respectively. However, cell cycle analysis revealed that the anti-proliferative effects of the 2-pyrrolidinone were mediated through cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. These results from the current study suggest that the 2-pyrrolidinone have potential anticancer effects, which will lead to the development of new anticancer agents for arresting cancer cells growth in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Thangam
- Proteomics and Molecular cell Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India; Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai, TN, India
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18
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Thangam R, Gunasekaran P, Kaveri K, Sridevi G, Sundarraj S, Paulpandi M, Kannan S. A novel disintegrin protein from Naja naja venom induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human cancer cell lines in vitro. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Sundarraj S, Thangam R, Sreevani V, Kaveri K, Gunasekaran P, Achiraman S, Kannan S. γ-Sitosterol from Acacia nilotica L. induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through c-Myc suppression in MCF-7 and A549 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 141:803-9. [PMID: 22440953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acacia nilotica is widely distributed in Asia. In India, it occupies an important place in the indigenous system of medicine against anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cancers, and/or tumors. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Acacia nilotica leaves extract and γ-Sitosterol on cell proliferation, the apoptotic effect and cell cycle arrest in breast and lung cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS GC-MS and HPLC were used to determine the chemical constituents of this extract and γ-Sitosterol respectively. Human MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were treated with Acacia nilotica extract and γ-Sitosterol. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell proliferation was determined by BrdU incorporation assay. Apoptosis was detected by cell morphologic observation through AO/EtBr staining, cell cycle analysis, and immunoblot analysis on the expression of protein associated with cell cycle arrest. RESULTS Experimental results of bioactive compound analysis indicate that γ-Sitosterol, bioactive ingredients of Acacia nilotica extract. The IC(50) value of extract on MCF-7 and A549 cancer cells was 493.3±15.2 and 696.6±11.5 μg/ml, respectively. Acacia nilotica extract and γ-Sitosterol were inhibited the cell proliferation by 54.34±1.8 and 42.18±3.9% for MCF-7 and 58.26±1.5 and 44.36±3.05% for A549 cells. The percentage of apoptotic cells observed in the MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were increased to 42.46 and 36.8% of extract; 46.68 and 43.24% for γ-Sitosterol respectively. Flow cytometric analysis results demonstrate that cells were arrested at the G2/M phase and decrease the c-Myc expression. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates in vitro results, which support the ethnomedical use of γ-Sitosterol against cancer. Experimental results of this study suggest that γ-Sitosterol exerts potential anticancer activity through the growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis on cancer cells.
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20
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Gunasekaran P, Kaveri K, Arunagiri K, Mohana S, Kiruba R, Kumar VS, Padmapriya P, Babu BVS, Sheriff AK. Japanese encephalitis in Tamil Nadu (2007-2009). Indian J Med Res 2012; 135:680-2. [PMID: 22771601 PMCID: PMC3401702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Gunasekaran
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - K. Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India,For correspondence:
| | - Kavita Arunagiri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - S. Mohana
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - R. Kiruba
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - V. Senthil Kumar
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - P. Padmapriya
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - B. V. Suresh Babu
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - A. Khaleefathullah Sheriff
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India
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Paulpandi M, Kannan S, Thangam R, Kaveri K, Gunasekaran P, Rejeeth C. In vitro anti-viral effect of β-santalol against influenza viral replication. Phytomedicine 2012; 19:231-5. [PMID: 22192867 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The anti-influenza A/HK (H3N2) virus activity of β-santalol was evaluated in MDCK cells and investigated the effect of β-santalol on synthesis of viral mRNAs. β-Santalol was investigated for its antiviral activity against influenza A/HK (H3N2) virus using a cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method. β-Santalol exhibited anti-influenza A/HK (H3N2) virus activity of 86% with no cytotoxicity at the concentration of 100 μg/ml reducing the formation of a visible CPE. Oseltamivir also showed moderate antiviral activity of about 83% against influenza A/HK (H3N2) virus at the concentration of 100 μg/ml. Furthermore, the mechanism of anti-influenza virus action in the inhibition of viral mRNA synthesis was analyzed by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and the data indicated an inhibitory effect in late viral RNA synthesis compared with oseltamivir in the presence of 100 μg/ml of β-santalol. β-Santalol should be further studied for therapeutic and prophylactic potential especially for influenza epidemics and pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Paulpandi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India.
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Gunasekaran P, Kaveri K, Mohana S, Arunagiri K, Babu BS, Priya PP, Kiruba R, Kumar VS, Sheriff AK. Dengue disease status in Chennai (2006-2008): a retrospective analysis. Indian J Med Res 2011; 133:322-5. [PMID: 21441688 PMCID: PMC3103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Dengue is one of the most important Arboviral diseases in man with outbreaks in Southeast Asia and India. We report a retrospective analysis of the dengue positivity in the referred samples for three years period (2006 to 2008) at the Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS Serum samples from 1593 suspected cases (968 male and 625 female) were obtained. Of the 1593 cases screened, 1204 (75.5%) were paediatric cases and 389 (24.4%) adults. The samples were subjected to MAC ELISA and IgG ELISA. RESULTS Of the 968 patients, 686 (43.0%) were positive, of which 579 (84.0%) were in the paediatric age group (<14 yr) and 107 (15.5%) were adults. The IgM positivity being 356 (36.7%) in males and 330 (52.8%) in females. Of the 686 positives, 113 (16.47%) were positive for both IgM and IgG denoting secondary infection. There was a noticeable increased occurrence during the cooler months and during the monsoon and post-monsoon months. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION The dengue IgM seropositivity among the suspected cases indicates active dengue virus activity. Increase in the probable secondary infections especially in a country like ours where multiple serotypes are prevalent raises concern over probable increase in the incidence of the more serious DHF/DSS. Studies need to be done to identify circulating serotypes of dengue virus to design preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Gunasekaran
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - K. Kaveri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India,Reprint requests: Dr K. Kaveri, Deputy Director, Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, India e-mail:
| | - S. Mohana
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - Kavita Arunagiri
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - B.V. Suresh Babu
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - P. Padma Priya
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - R. Kiruba
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - V. Senthil Kumar
- Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, India
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