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Fatemi SA, Lindsey LL, Evans JD, Elliott KEC, Leigh SA, Robinson KJ, Mousstaaid A, Gerard PD, Peebles ED. Effects of the in ovo injection of an Escherichia coli vaccine on the hatchability and quality characteristics of commercial layer hatchlings. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103057. [PMID: 37690369 PMCID: PMC10507230 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the commercial egg industry, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) can lead to significant economic loss. The Poulvac E. coli vaccine (PECV) is a commercially available attenuated live vaccine commonly applied via spray or drinking water to protect against losses associated with colibacillosis. The PECV has not been tested in layer hatching eggs using in ovo injection. Therefore, the purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of injecting 50 μL of different doses of the PECV into Hy-Line W-36-layer hatching eggs on the hatchability and quality characteristics of hatchlings. At 18 d of incubation (DOI), treatments included 1 noninjected and 1 diluent-injected control. Furthermore, PECV treatments included a full dose (4.4 × 108E. coli CFU) or serial dilutions of the full dose to produce 4.4 × 106, 4.4 × 104, or 4.4 × 102 CFU doses of E. coli. In ovo injections targeted the amnion. Percent hatchability of live embryonated eggs (HI), percent residue eggs, hatchling mortality, and female chick whole and yolk-free BW, relative yolk sac weight, and body length were among the variables examined. Treatment significantly (P < 0.0001) affected HI, with HI being highest in the control groups (97.3% in the noninjected and 94.2% in the diluent-injected), and with HI values being 89.0, 88.9, 84.4, and 71.2% in the 4.4 × 102, 4.4 × 104, 4.4 × 106, and 4.4 × 108 CFU E. coli dose treatments, respectively. The percentage of live embryos that did not complete hatch but that pipped internally (P = 0.024) or externally (P < 0.0001) were significantly affected by treatment, with percentages being highest in the 4.4 × 108 CFU treatment. Female chick body length was significantly (P < 0.0001) affected by treatment and was longer in both control groups and in the 1 × 102 CFU E. coli treatment in comparison to all other treatments. Yolk-free female chick BW was significantly (P = 0.034) affected by treatment and was lower in the 4.4 × 106 CFU and 4.4 × 108 CFU treatments when compared to the diluent-injected control group. An increase in the E. coli concentration administered in the amnion of embryonated layer hatching eggs at 18 DOI decreased hatch success and female chick yolk-free BW and body length.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Fatemi
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
| | - L L Lindsey
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - J D Evans
- USDA-ARS, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - K E C Elliott
- USDA-ARS, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - S A Leigh
- USDA-ARS, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - K J Robinson
- USDA-ARS, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - A Mousstaaid
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - P D Gerard
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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Mao C, Soda Y, Robinson KJ, Forrest T, Bakker E. Mass Transfer from Ion-Sensing Component-Loaded Nanoemulsions into Ion-Selective Membranes: An Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Thin-Film Coulometry Study. ACS Meas Sci Au 2023; 3:45-52. [PMID: 36817005 PMCID: PMC9936608 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent work has shown that ion-selective components may be transferred from nanoemulsions (NEs) to endow polymeric membranes with ion-selective sensing properties. This approach has also been used for nanopipette electrodes to achieve single-entity electrochemistry, thereby sensing the ion-selective response of single adhered nanospheres. To this date, however, the mechanism and rate of component transfer remain unclear. We study here the transfer of lipophilic ionic compounds from nanoemulsions into thin plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-DOS) films by chronoamperometry and quartz crystal microbalance. Thin-film cyclic coulovoltammetry measurements serve to quantify the uptake of lipophilic species into blank PVC-DOS membranes. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance data indicate that the transfer of the emulsion components is insignificant, ruling out simple coalescence with the membrane film. Ionophores and ion-exchangers are shown to transfer into the membrane at rates that correlate with their lipophilicity if mass transport is not rate-limiting, which is the case with more lipophilic compounds (calcium and sodium ionophores). On the other hand, with less lipophilic compounds (valinomycin and cation-exchanger salts), transfer rates are limited by mass transport. This is confirmed with rotating disk electrode experiments in which a linear relationship between the diffusion layer thickness and current is observed. The data suggests that once the nanoemulsion container approaches the membrane surface, transfer of components occur by a three-phase partition mechanism where the aqueous phase serves as a kinetic barrier. The results help better understand and quantify the interaction between nanoemulsions and ion-selective membranes and predict membrane doping rates for a range of components.
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Abstract
Point-of-care quantification of the anticoagulant heparin still remains a significant clinical challenge as the reference method (colorimetric anti-factor Xa assay) cannot be performed in whole blood. Our group recently put forth the novel optical nanosensing principle using an ionic solvatochromic dye as a signal transducer. These nanosensors demonstrated significantly improved selectivity and sensitivity compared to ion-exchange-type polyion nanosensors and enabled protamine/heparin quantification in blood plasma samples. However, because the readout is absorbance-based, they are still not suitable for whole blood measurements. To overcome the background absorbance of blood, the nanosensors were here embedded in an agarose hydrogel capable of filtering out red blood cells while allowing plasma components to diffuse into the gel. Calibration curves for both protamine and heparin were successfully obtained in buffer, undiluted plasma, and undiluted whole blood using different colorimetric image analysis methods and a simple experimental setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nussbaum
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kye J Robinson
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a rapid development of nano- and microparticle-based optical ion sensors, including ion-selective optodes (ISOs). While the application of nano-ISOs has shown promising performance for sensing inorganic ions, polyion sensing using nanoscale ISOs has encountered significant interference in complex samples such as blood plasma. Recently, we have reported on a new polyion sensing principle that operates through a novel mechanism to overcome this challenge. The new sensing mechanism showed improved characteristics not observed with conventional ion-exchange type sensors, but the precise mechanism of operation remained thus far unclear. This paper aims to clarify how protamine, the arginine-rich target polycation, behaves during optical signal transduction to give dramatically improved selectivity. Based on thermodynamic data, sensor performance and ζ-potential analysis, two discrete phases of protamine extraction are identified. Initially, protamine extracts into the bulk nanosensor phase, a process that is concurrent with the optical signal change. This is then followed by protamine accumulation onto the nanosensor surface, which starts only upon saturation of the optical signal change. The data indicate that the improved selectivity is due to the inability of small ions to form a sufficiently strong interaction with an active sensing ingredient, DNNS-. Any exchange of one inorganic cation for another therefore remains optically silent, suppressing matrix effects. Moreover, the recognition of protamine is shown to be an exhaustive extraction process, making the response independent of the nature and concentration of the initial small cation in the nanosensor phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kye J Robinson
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
Optical sensors continue to demonstrate tremendous potential across a wide range of applications due to their high versatility and low cost. This feature article will focus on a number of recent advances made in improving the performance of extraction-based optical ion sensors within our group. This includes the progress of anchored solvatochromic transduction to provide pH and sample volume independent optical responses in nanoemulsion-based sensors. A recent breakthough is in polyion sensing in biological fluids that uses a novel indirect transduction mechanism that significantly improves the selectivity of dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate-based protamine sensors and its potential applications beyond polyion sensing. The role of particle stabilizers in relation to the response of emulsified sensors is shown to be important. Current challenges in the field and possible opportunities are also discussed. Selectivity remains a constant challenge in the development of optical extraction-based sensors. Fortunately, there are several mechanistic and compositional changes with the potential to improve selectivity without developing new ionophores.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye J Robinson
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Soda Y, Robinson KJ, Nussbaum R, Bakker E. Protamine/heparin optical nanosensors based on solvatochromism. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15596-15602. [PMID: 35003589 PMCID: PMC8653997 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04930e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical nanosensors for the detection of polyions, including protamine and heparin, have to date relied upon ion-exchange reactions involving an analyte and an optical transducer. Unfortunately, due to the limited selectivity of the available ionophores for polyions, this mechanism has suffered from severe interference in complex sample matrices. To date no optical polyion nanosensors have demonstrated acceptable performance in serum, plasma or blood. Herein we describe a new type of nanosensor based on our discovery of a “hyper-polarizing lipophilic phase” in which dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate (DNNS−) polarizes a solvatochromic dye much more than even an aqueous environment. We have found that the apparent polarity of the organic phase is only modulated when DNNS− binds to large polyions such as protamine, unlike singly charged ions that lack the cooperative binding required to cause a significant shift in the distribution of the polarizing DNNS− ions. Our new sensing mechanism allows solvatochromic signal transduction without the transducer undergoing ion exchange. The result is significantly improved sensitivity and selectivity, enabling for the first time the quantification of protamine and heparin in human plasma using optical nanosensors that correlates with the current gold standard analysis method, the anti-Xa factor assay. Novel optical nanosensors for the selective detection of the polycationic protamine based on solvatochromic signal change allow one to detect heparin in plasma.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Kye J Robinson
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Robin Nussbaum
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin G. Brodie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing (MCAM), 11 Normanby Road, Nottinghill, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Kye J. Robinson
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elizabeth Sigston
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Andrey Molotnikov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing (MCAM), 11 Normanby Road, Nottinghill, Victoria 3168, Australia
- RMIT Centre for Additive Manufacturing, School of Engineering, RMIT University, 3001 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jessica E. Frith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Soda Y, Robinson KJ, Cherubini TJ, Bakker E. Colorimetric absorbance mapping and quantitation on paper-based analytical devices. Lab Chip 2020; 20:1441-1448. [PMID: 32211667 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00028k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been developed in the last decade. Despite this, the quality of colorimetric analysis has not substantially improved as the data is vulnerable to heterogeneous color distribution (e.g., coffee ring effects), non-uniform shapes of colored detection area, and noise from the underlying paper structure. These limitations are here addressed by a colorimetric method to quantify freely discharged dye on paper substrate, without the need for a defined channel or hydrophobic barrier. For accurate quantification, colorimetric absorbance values are calculated for each pixel based on the recorded RGB values and noise from the paper structure eliminated, to extract accurate absorbance information at the pixel level. Total analyte quantity is then calculated through the conversion of absorbance values into quantity values for each pixel followed by integration across the entire image. The resulting quantity is shown to be independent of the shape of the applied colored dye spot, with a cross, circle or rod shape all giving the same quantity information. The approach is applied to a capillary-based potassium-selective sensor, where the sample solution is loaded with the dye thioflavin T (ThT) obtained by quantitative exchange with K+ in a sensing capillary, which is discharged onto a bare paper substrate without any channels. The resulting dye quantity is successfully obtained by flatbed scanner and smartphone. The successful automated computation of colorimetric data on μPADs will help realize simpler paper-based assay and reaction systems that should be more applicable to addressing real world analytical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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9
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Kesarwani V, Kelly HG, Shankar M, Robinson KJ, Kent SJ, Traven A, Corrie SR. Characterization of Key Bio-Nano Interactions between Organosilica Nanoparticles and Candida albicans. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:34676-34687. [PMID: 31483991 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-cell interactions between silica nanomaterials and mammalian cells have been investigated extensively in the context of drug delivery, diagnostics, and imaging. While there are also opportunities for applications in infectious disease, the interactions of silica nanoparticles with pathogenic microbes are relatively underexplored. To bridge this knowledge gap, here, we investigate the effects of organosilica nanoparticles of different sizes, concentrations, and surface coatings on surface association and viability of the major human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. We show that uncoated and PEGylated organosilica nanoparticles associate with C. albicans in a size and concentration-dependent manner, but on their own, do not elicit antifungal activity. The particles are also shown to associate with human white blood cells, in a similar trend as observed with C. albicans, and remain noncytotoxic toward neutrophils. Smaller particles are shown to have low association with C. albicans in comparison to other sized particles and their association with blood cells was also observed to be minimal. We further demonstrate that by chemically immobilizing the clinically important echinocandin class antifungal drug, caspofungin, to PEGylated nanoparticles, the cell-material interaction changes from benign to antifungal, inhibiting C. albicans growth when provided in high local concentration on a surface. Our study provides the foundation for defining how organosilica particles could be tailored for clinical applications against C. albicans. Possible future developments include designing biomaterials that could detect, prevent, or treat bloodstream C. albicans infections, which at present have very high patient mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhishri Kesarwani
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology , The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Madhu Shankar
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Kye J Robinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology , The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Ana Traven
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Simon R Corrie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
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10
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Walker JA, Robinson KJ, Munro C, Gengenbach T, Muller DA, Young PR, Lua LHL, Corrie SR. Antibody-Binding, Antifouling Surface Coatings Based on Recombinant Expression of Zwitterionic EK Peptides. Langmuir 2019; 35:1266-1272. [PMID: 29801414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of antifouling films which selectively capture or target proteins of interest is essential for controlling interactions at the "bio/nano" interface. However, in order to synthesize biofunctional films from synthetic polymers that incorporate chemical "motifs" for surface immobilization, antifouling, and oriented biomolecule attachment, multiple reaction steps need to be carried out at the solid/liquid interface. EKx is a zwitterionic peptide that has previously been shown to have excellent antifouling properties. In this study, we recombinantly expressed EKx peptides and genetically encoded both surface attachment and antibody-binding motifs, before characterizing the resultant biopolymers by traditional methods. These peptides were then immobilized to organosilica nanoparticles for binding IgG, and subsequently capturing dengue NS1 as a model antigen from serum-containing solution. We found that a mixed layer of a short peptide (4.9 kDa) "backfilled" with a longer peptide terminated with an IgG-binding Z-domain (18 kDa) demonstrated selective capture of dengue NS1 protein down to ∼10 ng mL-1 in either PBS or 20% serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Walker
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , 3800 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Monash Node , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Kye J Robinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , 3800 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Monash Node , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Christopher Munro
- The University of Queensland, Protein Expression Facility , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | | | - David A Muller
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Paul R Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Linda H L Lua
- The University of Queensland, Protein Expression Facility , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Simon R Corrie
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , 3800 , Australia
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11
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Robinson KJ, Huynh GT, Kouskousis BP, Fletcher NL, Houston ZH, Thurecht KJ, Corrie SR. Modified Organosilica Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Stable pH Sensing in Biological Solutions. ACS Sens 2018; 3:967-975. [PMID: 29634243 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Continuous monitoring using nanoparticle-based sensors has been successfully employed in complex biological systems, yet the sensors still suffer from poor long-term stability partially because of the scaffold materials chosen to date. Organosilica core-shell nanoparticles containing a mixture of covalently incorporated pH-sensitive (shell) and pH-insensitive (core) fluorophores is presented as a continuous pH sensor for application in biological media. In contrast to previous studies focusing on similar materials, we sought to investigate the sensor characteristics (dynamic range, sensitivity, response time, stability) as a function of material properties. The ratio of the fluorescence intensities at specific wavelengths was found to be highly sensitive to pH over a physiologically relevant range (4.5-8) with a response time of <100 ms, significantly faster than that of previously reported response times using silica-based particles. Particles produced stable, pH-specific signals when stored at room temperature for more than 80 days. Finally, we demonstrated that the nanosensors successfully monitored the pH of a bacterial culture over 15 h and that pH changes in the skin of mouse cadavers could also be observed via in vivo fluorescence imaging following subcutaneous injection. The understanding gained from linking sensor characteristics and material properties will inform the next generation of optical nanosensors for continuous-monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye J. Robinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Node, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Gabriel T. Huynh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Node, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Betty P. Kouskousis
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Simon R. Corrie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Node, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Barge LM, Branscomb E, Brucato JR, Cardoso SSS, Cartwright JHE, Danielache SO, Galante D, Kee TP, Miguel Y, Mojzsis S, Robinson KJ, Russell MJ, Simoncini E, Sobron P. Thermodynamics, Disequilibrium, Evolution: Far-From-Equilibrium Geological and Chemical Considerations for Origin-Of-Life Research. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2017; 47:39-56. [PMID: 27271006 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-016-9508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L M Barge
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
- Icy Worlds Team, NASA Astrobiology Institute, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA.
| | - E Branscomb
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - J R Brucato
- Astrophysical Observatory of Arcetri, Florence, Italy
| | - S S S Cardoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3RA, UK
| | - J H E Cartwright
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-Universidad de Granada, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - S O Danielache
- Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
- Earth and Life Science Institute, Tokyo Technical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Galante
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, LNLS / CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - T P Kee
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Y Miguel
- Observatoire de Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - S Mojzsis
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0399, USA
| | - K J Robinson
- School of Molecular Sciences and School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - M J Russell
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Icy Worlds Team, NASA Astrobiology Institute, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - E Simoncini
- Astrophysical Observatory of Arcetri, Florence, Italy
| | - P Sobron
- Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Impossible Sensing, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Lee KT, Coffey JW, Robinson KJ, Muller DA, Grøndahl L, Kendall MAF, Young PR, Corrie SR. Investigating the Effect of Substrate Materials on Wearable Immunoassay Performance. Langmuir 2017; 33:773-782. [PMID: 28006902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunoassays are ubiquitous across research and clinical laboratories, yet little attention is paid to the effect of the substrate material on the assay performance characteristics. Given the emerging interest in wearable immunoassay formats, investigations into substrate materials that provide an optimal mix of mechanical and bioanalytical properties are paramount. In the course of our research in developing wearable immunoassays which can penetrate skin to selectively capture disease antigens from the underlying blood vessels, we recently identified significant differences in immunoassay performance between gold and polycarbonate surfaces, even with a consistent surface modification procedure. We observed significant differences in PEG density, antibody immobilization, and nonspecific adsorption between the two substrates. Despite a higher PEG density formed on gold-coated surfaces than on amine-functionalized polycarbonate, the latter revealed a higher immobilized capture antibody density and lower nonspecific adsorption, leading to improved signal-to-noise ratios and assay sensitivities. The major conclusion from this study is that in designing wearable bioassays or biosensors, the design and its effect on the antifouling polymer layer can significantly affect the assay performance in terms of analytical specificity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mark A F Kendall
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Paul R Young
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Simon R Corrie
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Bobo D, Robinson KJ, Islam J, Thurecht KJ, Corrie SR. Nanoparticle-Based Medicines: A Review of FDA-Approved Materials and Clinical Trials to Date. Pharm Res 2016; 33:2373-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1958-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1282] [Impact Index Per Article: 160.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Lee KT, Muller DA, Coffey JW, Robinson KJ, McCarthy JS, Kendall MAF, Corrie SR. Capture of the Circulating Plasmodium falciparum Biomarker HRP2 in a Multiplexed Format, via a Wearable Skin Patch. Anal Chem 2014; 86:10474-83. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5031682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khai Tuck Lee
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute
for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Delivery of Drugs and Genes
Group (D2G2), St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David A. Muller
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute
for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Delivery of Drugs and Genes
Group (D2G2), St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jacob W. Coffey
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute
for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Delivery of Drugs and Genes
Group (D2G2), St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kye J. Robinson
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute
for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Delivery of Drugs and Genes
Group (D2G2), St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - James S. McCarthy
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Mark A. F. Kendall
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute
for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Delivery of Drugs and Genes
Group (D2G2), St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Health
Sciences, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Simon R. Corrie
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute
for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Delivery of Drugs and Genes
Group (D2G2), St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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16
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Grundy RG, Wilne SH, Robinson KJ, Ironside JW, Cox T, Chong WK, Michalski A, Campbell RHA, Bailey CC, Thorp N, Pizer B, Punt J, Walker DA, Ellison DW, Machin D. Primary postoperative chemotherapy without radiotherapy for treatment of brain tumours other than ependymoma in children under 3 years: results of the first UKCCSG/SIOP CNS 9204 trial. Eur J Cancer 2010; 46:120-33. [PMID: 19818598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is an effective adjuvant treatment for brain tumours arising in very young children, but it has the potential to damage the child's developing nervous system at a crucial time - with a resultant reduction in IQ leading to cognitive impairment, associated endocrinopathy and risk of second malignancy. We aimed to assess the role of a primary chemotherapy strategy in avoiding or delaying radiotherapy in children younger than 3 years with malignant brain tumours other than ependymoma, the results of which have already been published. METHODS Ninety-seven children were enrolled between March 1993 and July 2003 and, following diagnostic review, comprised: medulloblastoma (n=31), astrocytoma (26), choroid plexus carcinoma [CPC] (15), CNS PNET (11), atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours [AT/RT] (6) and ineligible (6). Following maximal surgical resection, chemotherapy was delivered every 14 d for 1 year or until disease progression. Radiotherapy was withheld in the absence of progression. FINDINGS Over all diagnostic groups the cumulative progression rate was 80.9% at 5 years while the corresponding need-for-radiotherapy rate for progression was 54.6%, but both rates varied by tumour type. There was no clear relationship between chemotherapy dose intensity and outcome. Patients with medulloblastoma presented as a high-risk group, 83.9% having residual disease and/or metastases at diagnosis. For these patients, outcome was related to histology. The 5-year OS for desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma was 52.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 27.6-73.0) and for classic medulloblastoma 33.3% (CI: 4.6-67.6); the 5-year EFS were 35.3% (CI: 14.5-57.0) and 33.3% (CI: 4.6-67.6), respectively. All children with large cell or anaplastic variants of medulloblastoma died within 2 years of diagnosis. The 5-year EFS for non-brainstem high-grade gliomas [HGGs] was 13.0% (CI: 2.2-33.4) and the OS was 30.9% (CI: 11.5-52.8). For CPC the 5-year OS was 26.67% (CI: 8.3-49.6) without RT. This treatment strategy was less effective for AT/RT with 3-year OS of 16.7% (CI: 0.8-51.7) and CNS PNET with 1-year OS of 9.1% (CI: 0.5-33.3). INTERPRETATION The outcome for very young children with brain tumours is dictated by degree of surgical resection and histological tumour type and underlying biology as an indicator of treatment sensitivity. Overall, the median age at radiotherapy was 3 years and radiotherapy was avoided in 45% of patients. Desmoplastic/nodular sub-type of medulloblastoma has a better prognosis than classic histology, despite traditional adverse clinical features of metastatic disease and incomplete surgical resection. A subgroup with HGG and CPC are long-term survivors without RT. This study highlights the differing therapeutic challenges presented by the malignant brain tumours of early childhood, the importance of surgical approaches and the need to explore individualised brain sparing approaches to the range of malignant brain tumours that present in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Grundy
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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Bornstein RF, Bowers KS, Robinson KJ. Differential relationships of objective and projective dependency scores to self-reports of interpersonal life events in college student subjects. J Pers Assess 2006; 65:255-69. [PMID: 16367718 DOI: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6502_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Eighty-three undergraduate subjects (58 women and 25 men) participated in a prospective study in which they (a) completed widely used objective and projective measures of dependency, and then (b) provided monthly reports of the frequency and impact of various types of life events during a 1-semester (3-month) period. As expected, subjects' projective dependency scores predicted their frequency estimates and impact ratings of interpersonal life events but were unrelated to frequency estimates and impact ratings of other types of life events (e.g., achievement-related, legal). Objective dependency scores were unrelated to all life event frequency estimates and impact ratings. Findings are discussed in the context of recent theoretical frameworks that distinguish implicit dependency needs (which are assessed via projective measures) from self-attributed dependency needs (which are assessed via self-report tests). The importance of the type of dependency measure used in studies of the dependency-life events relationship is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Bornstein
- Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, PA 17325-1486, USA
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18
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Laredo FG, Belda E, Murciano J, Escobar M, Navarro A, Robinson KJ, Jones RS. Comparison of the analgesic effects of meloxicam and carprofen administered preoperatively to dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery. Vet Rec 2004; 155:667-71. [PMID: 15581141 DOI: 10.1136/vr.155.21.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-two dogs undergoing operations to repair a torn cranial cruciate ligament or a fractured long bone were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups in a study on postoperative pain. Sixteen of the dogs were given 4 mg/kg carprofen and the other 16 were given 0.2 mg/kg meloxicam subcutaneously before the operation. The signs of pain shown by the animals were assessed for 24 hours on a visual analogue scale, a discontinuous scoring system, and a score based on five behavioural and physiological variables. The dogs' heart and respiratory rates and their mean arterial blood pressures were also measured non-invasively at each assessment. Blood samples were taken before the surgery and 24 hours after it, and the concentrations of urea and creatinine were measured in plasma. Both drugs were effective in relieving the signs of pain for up to 24 hours in all the dogs. There were no significant changes in the concentrations of urea and creatinine, and no adverse effects were reported during the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Laredo
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30.100 Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
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Adams WA, Robinson KJ, Jones RS, Sanderson S. Isoflurane to prolong medetomidine/ ketamine anaesthesia in six adult female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Vet Rec 2003; 152:18-20. [PMID: 12542269 DOI: 10.1136/vr.152.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Six adult female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were anaesthetised for the placement of intrauterine contraceptive devices, microchips for identification, routine blood sampling, and physical measurements. Anaesthesia was induced with medetomidine in combination with ketamine administered by intramuscular injection with a projectile syringe. Induction was smooth and rapid, but five of the animals were insufficiently relaxed for orotracheal intubation. The plane of anaesthesia was deepened by administering isoflurane delivered in oxygen and nitrous oxide, and general anaesthesia was maintained for up to 74 minutes. The action of medetomidine was reversed at the end of each procedure with atipamezole, and the animals recovered smoothly and uneventfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Adams
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Liverpool, Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA
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20
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Robinson KJ, Katz R, Jacobs LM. A 12-year experience with prehospital cricothyrotomies. Air Med J 2001; 20:27-30. [PMID: 11692136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maintaining cricothyrotomy skills is difficult for air medical crewmembers because the procedure is performed infrequently. The purposes of this study were to review our program's experience with cricothyrotomies and use this pilot study to guide an industry-wide study. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of all cricothyrotomies performed by our flight crew during the past 12 years. The flight logs were reviewed for patient demographics, scene information, clinical data, and procedure data. RESULTS During this period, 8833 patients were transported: 1589 required intubation (18%), and eight of the 1589 required a cricothyrotomy (0.5%). Five nurses (14% of the total employed during the study) and one physician attempted this procedure. All patients had at least one intubation attempt before the cricothyrotomy (average 3.6, range 1-6 attempts). Six (75%) patients had airway edema, four (50%) had an unstable trachea, and one patient (12.5%) had an airway obstruction. Five (62.5%) of the cricothyrotomy attempts were successful. The remaining three patients were managed with bag-valve mask ventilation. Three patients arrived at the receiving hospital with a perfusing rhythm. CONCLUSION Cricothyrotomy, rarely performed by our flight crews, is successful in 62.5% of cases. These preliminary data suggest current training practices should be re-evaluated. An industrywide survey is planned to determine the optimal training program.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Robinson
- LIFE STAR Helicopter Program, Dept. of EMS/Trauma, Hartford Hospital Integrated Residency in Emergency Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 06102, USA
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Senior
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Department, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - K J Robinson
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Department, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Aha Dugdale
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Department, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - C M Price
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Department, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - W A Adams
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Department, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - R S Jones
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Department, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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Abstract
Medetomidine at doses of 10, 20 or 30 microg/kg was administered along with 10 microg/kg buprenorphine intramuscularly to 48 dogs requiring sedation for various diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The heart rate, respiratory rate and degree of sedation were recorded before and 30 minutes after administration of the drugs. Heart rate fell by a mean of 55 per cent and respiratory rate by a mean of 62 per cent. Mean sedation scores were increased in all groups. Administration of atipamezole at the end of the period of sedation produced rapid recoveries, with a mean time to standing of 12 minutes. Animals that were anaesthetised required much less thiopentone than the 10 mg/kg recommended after premedication with acepromazine maleate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Robinson
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Clinical Departments, University of Liverpool
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Jacobs LM, Gabram SG, Sztajnkrycer MD, Robinson KJ, Libby MC. Helicopter air medical transport: ten-year outcomes for trauma patients in a New England program. Conn Med 1999; 63:677-82. [PMID: 10589149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty-five years have passed since the introduction of the first civilian hospital-based air medical helicopter service. This study reviews the impact of a single air medical service during a decade of service on the survival of severely injured trauma patients. METHODS A retrospective database analysis was performed to determine program demographics and obtain outcome data. The outcomes of trauma patients were compared to mortality derived from a national database utilizing physiologic indices of severity. RESULTS Outcome analysis demonstrated an overall 13% reduction in mortality for air transported patients when compared to controls. Stratification based upon Trauma Score demonstrated a 35% reduction in mortality for victims transported directly from the scene with scene scores between four and 13, and essentially no difference in outcome for patients at Trauma Score extremes. CONCLUSIONS Rapid utilization of helicopter air medical transport can have a dramatic impact upon patient outcome, especially within a select group of scene transported trauma patients with Trauma Scores ranging from four to 13.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Jacobs
- Department of Traumatology and Emergency Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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Robinson JA, Robinson KJ, Lewis DJ. Balancing quality of care and cost-effectiveness through case management. ANNA J 1992; 19:182-8. [PMID: 1586231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The changing climate within the health care system has necessitated the exploration of innovative strategies to provide quality-based cost-effective care. At a time when cost, quality, and efficiency are key issues, communication and coordination are crucial. Through a deliberate, collaborative approach to goal-directed care, case management facilitates the linking of quality and cost-effective care.
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Robinson KJ, Lewis DJ, Robinson JA. Games: a way to give laboratory values meaning. ANNA J 1990; 17:306-8, 328. [PMID: 2396856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Through the use of gaming techniques patients may acquire a better understanding of the significance of serum laboratory values and their relationships to the disease process and treatment regimen. Games provide practitioners with an alternative teaching strategy that may be used to reinforce learning and positively change health beliefs and behaviors that will ultimately promote compliance with the treatment regimen.
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Robinson JA, Robinson KJ, Lewis DJ. Games: a motivational educational strategy. ANNA J 1988; 15:277-9. [PMID: 3202660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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