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Ward-Paige CA, White ER, Madin E, Osgood GJ, Bailes LK, Bateman RL, Belonje E, Burns KV, Cullain N, Darbyshire-Jenkins P, de Waegh RS, Eger AM, Fola-Matthews L, Ford BM, Gonson C, Honeyman CJ, House JE, Jacobs E, Jordan LK, Levenson JJ, Lucchini K, Martí-Puig MP, McGuire L, Meneses C, Montoya-Maya PH, Noonan RA, Ruiz-Ruiz PA, Ruy PE, Saputra RA, Shedrawi G, Sing B, Tietbohl MD, Twomey A, Florez DV, Yamb L. A framework for mapping and monitoring human-ocean interactions in near real-time during COVID-19 and beyond. Mar Policy 2022; 140:105054. [PMID: 35399704 PMCID: PMC8979766 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The human response to the COVID-19 pandemic set in motion an unprecedented shift in human activity with unknown long-term effects. The impacts in marine systems are expected to be highly dynamic at local and global scales. However, in comparison to terrestrial ecosystems, we are not well-prepared to document these changes in marine and coastal environments. The problems are two-fold: 1) manual and siloed data collection and processing, and 2) reliance on marine professionals for observation and analysis. These problems are relevant beyond the pandemic and are a barrier to understanding rapidly evolving blue economies, the impacts of climate change, and the many other changes our modern-day oceans are undergoing. The "Our Ocean in COVID-19″ project, which aims to track human-ocean interactions throughout the pandemic, uses the new eOceans platform (eOceans.app) to overcome these barriers. Working at local scales, a global network of ocean scientists and citizen scientists are collaborating to monitor the ocean in near real-time. The purpose of this paper is to bring this project to the attention of the marine conservation community, researchers, and the public wanting to track changes in their area. As our team continues to grow, this project will provide important baselines and temporal patterns for ocean conservation, policy, and innovation as society transitions towards a new normal. It may also provide a proof-of-concept for real-time, collaborative ocean monitoring that breaks down silos between academia, government, and at-sea stakeholders to create a stronger and more democratic blue economy with communities more resilient to ocean and global change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E R White
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Emp Madin
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA
| | | | - L K Bailes
- Biology Department, Miami University of Ohio Global Field Program, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - R L Bateman
- Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
| | | | | | - N Cullain
- Marine Action Research, Zavora Marine Lab, Mozambique
| | | | | | - A M Eger
- Center for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kengsington, NSW, Australia
| | - L Fola-Matthews
- Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - B M Ford
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - C J Honeyman
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - J E House
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | | | - L K Jordan
- World Below the Waves, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J J Levenson
- US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Washington, D.C., University of Massachusetts Boston, Oceans Forward, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Lucchini
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Comportamento e Conservação, Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - R A Noonan
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - P A Ruiz-Ruiz
- Ecology Department, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - P E Ruy
- Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland
| | - R A Saputra
- Indonesia Biru, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
| | - G Shedrawi
- Coastal Fisheries Program, Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems Division, Pacific Community, Noumea, Nouville New Caledonie
| | - B Sing
- Shark Guardian, Nottingham, UK
| | - M D Tietbohl
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Twomey
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Dc Vergara Florez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Marina (BIOMMAR), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia
| | - L Yamb
- Unité de Formation des Sciences de la Terre et Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Lauritzen DV, Hertel FS, Jordan LK, Gordon MS. Salmon jumping: behavior, kinematics and optimal conditions, with possible implications for fish passageway design. Bioinspir Biomim 2010; 5:035006. [PMID: 20729570 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3182/5/3/035006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral and kinematic properties and capacities of wild migratory salmonid fishes swimming upstream and jumping up waterfalls generally have played only minor roles in the design and construction of passageways intended to help these fishes get past dams and other human-made obstacles blocking their movements. This paper reports the results of an experimental study of relevant behavioral and kinematic properties of adult kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) jumping up waterfalls as they migrate upstream. We used a portable, adjustable apparatus to study in the field fish responding to artificial waterfalls under a range of flow conditions. We observed fish under conditions of varying water flow rates, pool depths, fall heights and fall angles. We analyzed digital video recordings of their behaviors. Kokanee salmon spontaneously jump up waterfalls within a relatively narrow range of conditions, including low flow speeds, near vertical angles and pool depth to fall height ratios near 1.0. Preferred values for each parameter are, to some extent, dependent on other parameters. In contrast to previous misconceptions, jumping behavior is initiated by running S-start accelerations from beneath the boils formed in the plunge pools below waterfalls, as opposed to C-start standing jumps from the surface. S-starts are immediately followed by burst swimming to the point of takeoff at the surface. These results can contribute to an improved basis for developing designs of fish passageways that may ultimately make them more effective and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Lauritzen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095-1606, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the MR imaging findings of anterolateral impingement (ALI) of the ankle. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Nine patients with a history of ankle inversion injury and chronic lateral ankle pain were imaged with MR imaging, and the findings correlated with the results of arthroscopy. Three additional patients with clinically suspected ALI of the ankle were also included. Ankle MR imaging studies from 20 control patients in whom ALI was not suspected clinically were examined for similar findings to the patient group. RESULTS MR imaging findings in the patients with ALI included a soft tissue signal mass in the anterolateral gutter of the ankle in 12 of 12 (100%) cases, corresponding to the synovial hypertrophy and soft tissue mass found at arthroscopy in the nine patients who underwent arthroscopy. Disruption, attenuation, or marked thickening of the anterior talofibular ligament was seen in all cases. Additional findings included signs of synovial hypertrophy elsewhere in the tibiotalar joint in seven of 12 patients (58%) and bony and cartilaginous injuries to the tibiotalar joint in five of 12 (42%). None of the control patients demonstrated MR imaging evidence of a soft tissue mass in the anterolateral gutter. CONCLUSIONS ALI of the ankle is a common cause for chronic lateral ankle pain. It has been well described in the orthopedic literature but its imaging findings have not been clearly elucidated. The MR imaging findings, along with the appropriate clinical history, can be used to direct arthroscopic examination and subsequent debridement.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Jordan
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Pence JC, Deutsch MA, Kerns BJ, Huper G, Jordan LK, Wolfe WG, Samuelson WM, Fulkerson WJ, Dodge RK, Plate CA. Sensitive and specific detection of the 4B5 antigen in bronchial lavage specimens from patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma. Cancer 1992; 70:1115-23. [PMID: 1515986 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19920901)70:5<1115::aid-cncr2820700516>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody 4B5 binds to a mucin-like antigen elaborated by respiratory epithelium of patients with non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Several immunoassay formats were used to determine the presence of the antigen in lavage specimens. A qualitative immunodrop binding assay showed immunoreactivity in 37 (64%) of 58 specimens from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. In contrast, only 11 (12%) of 93 specimens from patients with either metastatic carcinoma or benign pulmonary diseases exhibited 4B5 immunoreactivity. A quantitative radioimmunoassay using standardized amounts of mucin exhibited similar sensitivity and specificity. Positive immunoreactivity was associated significantly with tobacco use and the cytopathologic diagnoses of squamous metaplasia, atypia, or dysplasia. Conversely, no significant association was found between 4B5 immunoreactivity and age, gender, race, benign cytologic findings, frankly malignant cytologic findings, or stage of disease. The expression of 4B5 antigen in bronchial secretions from patients with bronchogenic carcinoma deserves additional evaluation as a potential marker of pulmonary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Pence
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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