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Millan NM, Morano J, Florez L, Carugno J, Medina CA. Management of tubal ectopic pregnancy with methotrexate in the setting of symptomatic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A case report. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2021; 13:273-277. [PMID: 34555882 PMCID: PMC8823271 DOI: 10.52054/fvvo.13.3.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a complex therapeutic challenge. As the pandemic progresses, patients are presenting with ectopic pregnancies (EPs) and symptomatic COVID-19. Objective We present the management of a patient with multiple medical comorbidities and tubal EP in the setting of severe symptomatic COVID-19 infection where all management options were precluded. Methods Case report with literature review of management of tubal EP in the setting of severe symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Result After careful consideration of options, the patient underwent successful medical management with methotrexate while receiving supportive care for COVID-19. Conclusions Methotrexate proved to be the safest therapeutic option in this patient. Management of patients with severe COVID-19 and gynaecologic emergencies should be individualised and carefully reviewed with evolving knowledge of COVID-19.
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Nadolski A, Vieira JD, Sobrin JA, Kofman AM, Ade PAR, Ahmed Z, Anderson AJ, Avva JS, Basu Thakur R, Bender AN, Benson BA, Bryant L, Carlstrom JE, Carter FW, Cecil TW, Chang CL, Cheshire JR, Chesmore GE, Cliche JF, Cukierman A, de Haan T, Dierickx M, Ding J, Dutcher D, Everett W, Farwick J, Ferguson KR, Florez L, Foster A, Fu J, Gallicchio J, Gambrel AE, Gardner RW, Groh JC, Guns S, Guyser R, Halverson NW, Harke-Hosemann AH, Harrington NL, Harris RJ, Henning JW, Holzapfel WL, Howe D, Huang N, Irwin KD, Jeong O, Jonas M, Jones A, Korman M, Kovac J, Kubik DL, Kuhlmann S, Kuo CL, Lee AT, Lowitz AE, McMahon J, Meier J, Meyer SS, Michalik D, Montgomery J, Natoli T, Nguyen H, Noble GI, Novosad V, Padin S, Pan Z, Paschos P, Pearson J, Posada CM, Quan W, Rahlin A, Riebel D, Ruhl JE, Sayre JT, Shirokoff E, Smecher G, Stark AA, Stephen J, Story KT, Suzuki A, Tandoi C, Thompson KL, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Wang G, Whitehorn N, Yefremenko V, Yoon KW, Young MR. Broadband, millimeter-wave antireflection coatings for large-format, cryogenic aluminum oxide optics. Appl Opt 2020; 59:3285-3295. [PMID: 32400613 DOI: 10.1364/ao.383921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present two prescriptions for broadband ($ {\sim} 77 - 252\;{\rm GHz} $), millimeter-wave antireflection coatings for cryogenic, sintered polycrystalline aluminum oxide optics: one for large-format (700 mm diameter) planar and plano-convex elements, the other for densely packed arrays of quasi-optical elements-in our case, 5 mm diameter half-spheres (called "lenslets"). The coatings comprise three layers of commercially available, polytetrafluoroethylene-based, dielectric sheet material. The lenslet coating is molded to fit the 150 mm diameter arrays directly, while the large-diameter lenses are coated using a tiled approach. We review the fabrication processes for both prescriptions, then discuss laboratory measurements of their transmittance and reflectance. In addition, we present the inferred refractive indices and loss tangents for the coating materials and the aluminum oxide substrate. We find that at 150 GHz and 300 K the large-format coating sample achieves $ (97 \pm 2)\% $ transmittance, and the lenslet coating sample achieves $ (94 \pm 3)\% $ transmittance.
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3
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Molinari J, Florez L, Medrano A, Monsalve L, Ybarra G. Electrochemical Determination of β-Lactoglobulin Employing a Polystyrene Bead-Modified Carbon Nanotube Ink. Biosensors (Basel) 2018; 8:bios8040109. [PMID: 30445706 PMCID: PMC6316051 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we introduce the use of a carboxy-functionalized waterborne carbon nanotube ink for the fabrication of an amperometric biosensor aimed at the quantification of β-lactoglobulin. Detection of this protein from cow's milk was performed by a sandwich immunoassay onto printed carbon nanotube electrodes. The electrodes were printed using a carbon nanotube ink modified with polystyrene beads containing a high amount of carboxylic groups for protein immobilization. This strategy showed enhanced sensing performance compared to the use of oxidative treatments for the functionalization of electrodes. These electrodes showed an excellent electrochemical behavior, and proteins could be immobilized on their surface via the carbodiimide reaction. These antibody-immobilized carbon nanotube electrodes allowed for the detection of β-lactoglobulin in sub-ppm concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Molinari
- U.T. Nanomateriales, INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina.
| | - Laura Florez
- U.T. Nanomateriales, INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina.
| | - Anahí Medrano
- Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina.
| | - Leandro Monsalve
- Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina.
| | - Gabriel Ybarra
- U.T. Nanomateriales, INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina.
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Pandey S, Delgado C, Kumari H, Florez L, Mathee K. Corrigendum: Outer-membrane protein LptD (PA0595) plays a role in the regulation of alginate synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:1533. [PMID: 30273113 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sundar Pandey
- 1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts Sciences and Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Camila Delgado
- †Present address: Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.,2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hansi Kumari
- 3Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laura Florez
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kalai Mathee
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,4Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,3Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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5
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Wang E, Sorolla A, Cunningham PT, Bogdawa HM, Beck S, Golden E, Dewhurst RE, Florez L, Cruickshank MN, Hoffmann K, Hopkins RM, Kim J, Woo AJ, Watt PM, Blancafort P. Tumor penetrating peptides inhibiting MYC as a potent targeted therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancers. Oncogene 2018; 38:140-150. [PMID: 30076412 PMCID: PMC6318000 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of MYC oncogene is highly prevalent in many malignancies such as aggressive triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and it is associated with very poor outcome. Despite decades of research, attempts to effectively inhibit MYC, particularly with small molecules, still remain challenging due to the featureless nature of its protein structure. Herein, we describe the engineering of the dominant-negative MYC peptide (OmoMYC) linked to a functional penetrating 'Phylomer' peptide (FPPa) as a therapeutic strategy to inhibit MYC in TNBC. We found FPPa-OmoMYC to be a potent inducer of apoptosis (with IC50 from 1-2 µM) in TNBC cells with negligible effects in non-tumorigenic cells. Transcriptome analysis of FPPa-OmoMYC-treated cells indicated that the fusion protein inhibited MYC-dependent networks, inducing dynamic changes in transcriptional, metabolic, and apoptotic processes. We demonstrated the efficacy of FPPa-OmoMYC in inhibiting breast cancer growth when injected orthotopically in TNBC allografts. Lastly, we identified strong pharmacological synergisms between FPPa-OmoMYC and chemotherapeutic agents. This study highlights a novel therapeutic approach to target highly aggressive and chemoresistant MYC-activated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Wang
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Anabel Sorolla
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paula T Cunningham
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Heique M Bogdawa
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Samuel Beck
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.,MDI Biological Laboratory, Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Salisbury Cove, ME, 04672, USA
| | - Emily Golden
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Robert E Dewhurst
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Laura Florez
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Mark N Cruickshank
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | | | - Jonghwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrew J Woo
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paul M Watt
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia. .,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia. .,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Pandey S, Delgado C, Kumari H, Florez L, Mathee K. Outer-membrane protein LptD (PA0595) plays a role in the regulation of alginate synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:1139-1156. [PMID: 29923820 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The presence of alginate-overproducing (Alg+) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients is indicative of chronic infection. The Alg+ phenotype is generally due to a mutation in the mucA gene, encoding an innermembrane protein that sequesters AlgT/U, the alginate-specific sigma factor. AlgT/U release from the anti-sigma factor MucA is orchestrated via a complex cascade called regulated intramembrane proteolysis. The goal of this study is to identify new players involved in the regulation of alginate production. METHODOLOGY Previously, a mutant with a second-site suppressor of alginate production (sap), sap27, was isolated from the constitutively Alg+ PDO300 that harbours the mucA22 allele. A cosmid from a P. aeruginosa minimum tiling path library was identified via en masse complementation of sap27. The cosmid was transposon mutagenized to map the contributing gene involved in the alginate production. The identified gene was sequenced in sap27 along with algT/U, mucA, algO and mucP. The role of the novel gene was explored using precise in-frame algO and algW deletion mutants of PAO1 and PDO300.Results/Key findings. The gene responsible for restoring the mucoid phenotype was mapped to lptD encoding an outer-membrane protein. However, the sequencing of sap27 revealed a mutation in algO, but not in lptD. In addition, we demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide transport protein D (LptD)-dependent alginate production requires AlgW in PAO1 and AlgO in PDO300. CONCLUSION LptD plays a specific role in alginate production. Our findings suggest that there are two pathways for the production of alginate in P. aeruginosa, one involving AlgW in the wild-type, and one involving AlgO in the mucA22 mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundar Pandey
- 1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts Sciences and Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Camila Delgado
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,†Present address: Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Hansi Kumari
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,3Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laura Florez
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kalai Mathee
- 4Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,3Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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7
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Ritvo PGG, Churlaud G, Quiniou V, Florez L, Brimaud F, Fourcade G, Mariotti-Ferrandiz E, Klatzmann D. T
fr
cells lack IL-2Rα but express decoy IL-1R2 and IL-1Ra and suppress the IL-1–dependent activation of T
fh
cells. Sci Immunol 2017; 2:2/15/eaan0368. [DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aan0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Courau T, Nehar-Belaid D, Florez L, Levacher B, Vazquez T, Brimaud F, Bellier B, Klatzmann D. TGF- β and VEGF cooperatively control the immunotolerant tumor environment and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e85974. [PMID: 27699271 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.85974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tregs imprint an early immunotolerant tumor environment that prevents effective antitumor immune responses. Using transcriptomics of tumor tissues, we identified early upregulation of VEGF and TGF-β pathways compatible with tolerance imprinting. Silencing of VEGF or TGF-β in tumor cells induced early and pleiotropic modulation of immune-related transcriptome signatures in tumor tissues. These were surprisingly similar for both silenced tumors and related to common downstream effects on Tregs. Silencing of VEGF or TGF-β resulted in dramatically delayed tumor growth, associated with decreased Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells and increased effector T cell activation in tumor infiltrates. Strikingly, co-silencing of TGF-β and VEGF led to a substantial spontaneous tumor eradication rate and the combination of their respective inhibitory drugs was synergistic. VEGF and/or TGF-β silencing also restored tumor sensitivity to tumor-specific cell therapies and markedly improved the efficacy of anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4 treatment. Thus, TGF-β and VEGF cooperatively control the tolerant environment of tumors and are targets for improved cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Courau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France
| | - Djamel Nehar-Belaid
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France
| | - Laura Florez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Levacher
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Vazquez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France
| | - Faustine Brimaud
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Biotherapies, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy and Inflamation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU I2B), F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Bellier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S 959, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Biotherapies, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy and Inflamation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU I2B), F-75013, Paris, France
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9
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Nehar-Belaid D, Chen T, Darrasse-Jèze G, Courau T, Dérian N, Florez L, Ruocco M, Klatzmann D. Is the immune system mistaking tumors for fetuses? J Reprod Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Barbadillo S, Florez L, Marquina C, Benito V, Martinez R, Izquierdo L. PS-074 Collaboration between primary care and hospital pharmacy services to evaluate the need for medication reconciliation in care transitions. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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11
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Nehar-Belaid D, Courau T, Dérian N, Florez L, Ruocco MG, Klatzmann D. Regulatory T Cells Orchestrate Similar Immune Evasion of Fetuses and Tumors in Mice. J Immunol 2015; 196:678-90. [PMID: 26643476 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Embryos and tumors are both masses of dividing cells expressing foreign Ags, but they are not rejected by the immune system. We hypothesized that similar tolerogenic mechanisms prevent their rejection. Global comparison of fetal and tumor microenvironments through transcriptomics in mice revealed strikingly similar and dramatic decreases in expression of numerous immune-related pathways, including Ag presentation and T cell signaling. Unsupervised analyses highlighted the parallel kinetics and similarities of immune signature downregulation, from the very first days after tumor or embryo implantation. Besides upregulated signatures related to cell proliferation, the only significant signatures shared by the two conditions across all biological processes and all time points studied were downmodulated immune response signatures. Regulatory T cell depletion completely reverses this immune downmodulation to an immune upregulation that leads to fetal or tumor immune rejection. We propose that evolutionarily selected mechanisms that protect mammalian fetuses from immune attack are hijacked to license tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djamel Nehar-Belaid
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Laboratoire I3 (Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Immunothérapie), F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013 Paris, France; CNRS, FRE3632, F-75013 Paris, France; and
| | - Tristan Courau
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Laboratoire I3 (Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Immunothérapie), F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013 Paris, France; CNRS, FRE3632, F-75013 Paris, France; and
| | - Nicolas Dérian
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Laboratoire I3 (Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Immunothérapie), F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013 Paris, France; CNRS, FRE3632, F-75013 Paris, France; and
| | - Laura Florez
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Laboratoire I3 (Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Immunothérapie), F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013 Paris, France; CNRS, FRE3632, F-75013 Paris, France; and
| | - Maria Grazia Ruocco
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Laboratoire I3 (Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Immunothérapie), F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013 Paris, France; CNRS, FRE3632, F-75013 Paris, France; and
| | - David Klatzmann
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Laboratoire I3 (Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Immunothérapie), F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013 Paris, France; CNRS, FRE3632, F-75013 Paris, France; and Assistance-Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Biothérapies et Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie, F-75013 Paris, France
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12
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Salem H, Florez L, Gerardo N, Kaltenpoth M. An out-of-body experience: the extracellular dimension for the transmission of mutualistic bacteria in insects. Proc Biol Sci 2015; 282:20142957. [PMID: 25740892 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Across animals and plants, numerous metabolic and defensive adaptations are a direct consequence of symbiotic associations with beneficial microbes. Explaining how these partnerships are maintained through evolutionary time remains one of the central challenges within the field of symbiosis research. While genome erosion and co-cladogenesis with the host are well-established features of symbionts exhibiting intracellular localization and transmission, the ecological and evolutionary consequences of an extracellular lifestyle have received little attention, despite a demonstrated prevalence and functional importance across many host taxa. Using insect-bacteria symbioses as a model, we highlight the diverse routes of extracellular symbiont transfer. Extracellular transmission routes are unified by the common ability of the bacterial partners to survive outside their hosts, thereby imposing different genomic, metabolic and morphological constraints than would be expected from a strictly intracellular lifestyle. We emphasize that the evolutionary implications of symbiont transmission routes (intracellular versus extracellular) do not necessarily correspond to those of the transmission mode (vertical versus horizontal), a distinction of vital significance when addressing the genomic and physiological consequences for both host and symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Salem
- Insect Symbiosis Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Florez
- Insect Symbiosis Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Gerardo
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Insect Symbiosis Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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13
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Nehar-Belaid D, Courau T, Dérian N, Florez L, Ruocco MG, Klatzmann D. Tregs orchestrate similar immune evasion of fetuses and tumors. J Reprod Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Ruocco MG, Chaouat G, Florez L, Bensussan A, Klatzmann D. Regulatory T-cells in pregnancy: historical perspective, state of the art, and burning questions. Front Immunol 2014; 5:389. [PMID: 25191324 PMCID: PMC4139600 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we first revisit the original concept of "suppressor T-cells" in pregnancy, put it in a historical perspective, and then highlight the main data that licensed its resurrection and revision into the concept of "regulatory T-cells" (Tregs) in pregnancy. We review the evidence for a major role of Tregs in murine and human pregnancy and discuss Treg interactions with dendritic and uterine natural killer cells, other players of maternal-fetal tolerance. Finally, we highlight what we consider as the most important questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ruocco
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
- INSERM, UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
| | | | - Laura Florez
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
- INSERM, UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
| | | | - David Klatzmann
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
- INSERM, UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France
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15
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Boczonadi V, Müller JS, Pyle A, Munkley J, Dor T, Quartararo J, Ferrero I, Karcagi V, Giunta M, Polvikoski T, Birchall D, Princzinger A, Cinnamon Y, Lützkendorf S, Piko H, Reza M, Florez L, Santibanez-Koref M, Griffin H, Schuelke M, Elpeleg O, Kalaydjieva L, Lochmüller H, Elliott DJ, Chinnery PF, Edvardson S, Horvath R. EXOSC8 mutations alter mRNA metabolism and cause hypomyelination with spinal muscular atrophy and cerebellar hypoplasia. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4287. [PMID: 24989451 PMCID: PMC4102769 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The exosome is a multi-protein complex, required for the degradation of AU-rich element (ARE) containing messenger RNAs (mRNAs). EXOSC8 is an essential protein of the exosome core, as its depletion causes a severe growth defect in yeast. Here we show that homozygous missense mutations in EXOSC8 cause progressive and lethal neurological disease in 22 infants from three independent pedigrees. Affected individuals have cerebellar and corpus callosum hypoplasia, abnormal myelination of the central nervous system or spinal motor neuron disease. Experimental downregulation of EXOSC8 in human oligodendroglia cells and in zebrafish induce a specific increase in ARE mRNAs encoding myelin proteins, showing that the imbalanced supply of myelin proteins causes the disruption of myelin, and explaining the clinical presentation. These findings show the central role of the exosomal pathway in neurodegenerative disease. The exosome is responsible for mRNA degradation, which is an important step in the regulation of gene expression. Here the authors report that homozygous missense mutations in the exosome subunit, EXOSC8, may cause neurodegenerative disease in infants through the dysregulation of myelin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Boczonadi
- 1] Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK [2]
| | - Juliane S Müller
- 1] Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK [2]
| | - Angela Pyle
- 1] Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK [2]
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- 1] Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK [2]
| | - Talya Dor
- The Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Jade Quartararo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Ileana Ferrero
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Veronika Karcagi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, NIEH, Albert Florian ut 2-6, Budapest 1097, Hungary
| | - Michele Giunta
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Tuomo Polvikoski
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Daniel Birchall
- Neuroradiology Department, Regional Neurosciences Centre, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4PL, UK
| | - Agota Princzinger
- Department of Paediatrics, Josa Andras Hospital, Szent Istvan utca 6, Nyiregyhaza 4400, Hungary
| | - Yuval Cinnamon
- 1] The Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel [2] Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O.Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Susanne Lützkendorf
- Department of Neuropediatrics and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Charité-Platz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henriett Piko
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, NIEH, Albert Florian ut 2-6, Budapest 1097, Hungary
| | - Mojgan Reza
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Laura Florez
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research/Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, Western Australia 6009 Perth, Australia
| | - Mauro Santibanez-Koref
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Helen Griffin
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Markus Schuelke
- Department of Neuropediatrics and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Charité-Platz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- The Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Luba Kalaydjieva
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research/Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, Western Australia 6009 Perth, Australia
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Shimon Edvardson
- The Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Rita Horvath
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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16
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Azmanov DN, Chamova T, Tankard R, Gelev V, Bynevelt M, Florez L, Tzoneva D, Zlatareva D, Guergueltcheva V, Bahlo M, Tournev I, Kalaydjieva L. Challenges of diagnostic exome sequencing in an inbred founder population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2013; 1:71-6. [PMID: 24498604 PMCID: PMC3865571 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exome sequencing was used as a diagnostic tool in a Roma/Gypsy family with three subjects (one deceased) affected by lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH), a clinically and genetically heterogeneous diagnostic category. Data analysis identified high levels of unreported inbreeding, with multiple rare/novel “deleterious” variants occurring in the homozygous state in the affected individuals. Step-wise filtering was facilitated by the inclusion of parental samples in the analysis and the availability of ethnically matched control exome data. We identified a novel mutation, p.Asp487Tyr, in the VLDLR gene involved in the Reelin developmental pathway and associated with a rare form of LCH, the Dysequilibrium Syndrome. p.Asp487Tyr is the third reported missense mutation in this gene and the first example of a change affecting directly the functionally crucial β-propeller domain. An unexpected additional finding was a second unique mutation (p.Asn494His) with high scores of predicted pathogenicity in KCNV2, a gene implicated in a rare eye disorder, retinal cone dystrophy type 3B. This result raised diagnostic and counseling challenges that could be resolved through mutation screening of a large panel of healthy population controls. The strategy and findings of this study may inform the search for new disease mutations in the largest European genetic isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar N Azmanov
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research/Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Rick Tankard
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vladimir Gelev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Michael Bynevelt
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia Perth, WA, Australia ; Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service (WA), Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Laura Florez
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research/Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dochka Tzoneva
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital "Alexandrovska" Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dora Zlatareva
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital "Alexandrovska" Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Melanie Bahlo
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ivailo Tournev
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria ; Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luba Kalaydjieva
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research/Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia Perth, WA, Australia
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17
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Guergueltcheva V, Azmanov DN, Angelicheva D, Smith KR, Chamova T, Florez L, Bynevelt M, Nguyen T, Cherninkova S, Bojinova V, Kaprelyan A, Angelova L, Morar B, Chandler D, Kaneva R, Bahlo M, Tournev I, Kalaydjieva L. Autosomal-recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia is caused by mutations in metabotropic glutamate receptor 1. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 91:553-64. [PMID: 22901947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia was identified in Roma patients originating from a small subisolate with a known strong founder effect. Patients presented with global developmental delay, moderate to severe stance and gait ataxia, dysarthria, mild dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetria and tremors, intellectual deficit, and mild pyramidal signs. Brain imaging revealed progressive generalized cerebellar atrophy, and inferior vermian hypoplasia and/or a constitutionally small brain were observed in some patients. Exome sequencing, used for linkage analysis on extracted SNP genotypes and for mutation detection, identified two novel (i.e., not found in any database) variants located 7 bp apart within a unique 6q24 linkage region. Both mutations cosegregated with the disease in five affected families, in which all ten patients were homozygous. The mutated gene, GRM1, encodes metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1, which is highly expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells and plays an important role in cerebellar development and synaptic plasticity. The two mutations affect a gene region critical for alternative splicing and the generation of receptor isoforms; they are a 3 bp exon 8 deletion and an intron 8 splicing mutation (c.2652_2654del and c.2660+2T>G, respectively [RefSeq accession number NM_000838.3]). The functional impact of the deletion is unclear and is overshadowed by the splicing defect. Although ataxia lymphoblastoid cell lines expressed GRM1 at levels comparable to those of control cells, the aberrant transcripts skipped exon 8 or ended in intron 8 and encoded various species of nonfunctional receptors either lacking the transmembrane domain and containing abnormal intracellular tails or completely missing the tail. The study implicates mGluR1 in human hereditary ataxia. It also illustrates the potential of the Roma founder populations for mutation identification by exome sequencing.
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18
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Florez L, Herrmann C, Cramer JM, Hauser CP, Koynov K, Landfester K, Crespy D, Mailänder V. How shape influences uptake: interactions of anisotropic polymer nanoparticles and human mesenchymal stem cells. Small 2012; 8:2222-30. [PMID: 22528663 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Among several nanoparticle properties, shape is important for their interaction with cells and, therefore, relevant for uptake studies and applications. In order to further investigate such characteristics, fluorescently labeled spherical polymer nanoparticles are synthesized by free-radical polymerization via the miniemulsion process. The spherical nanoparticles are subsequently submitted to controlled mechanical deformation to yield quasi-ellipsoidal polymeric nanoparticles with different aspect ratios. The uptake behaviors of spherical and non-spherical particles with equal volume are investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and flow cytometry measurements. Non-spherical particles show fewer uptake by cells than their spherical counterparts with a negative correlation between aspect ratio and uptake rate. This is attributed to the larger average curvature radius of adsorbed non-spherical particles experienced by the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Florez
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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19
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Chamova T, Florez L, Guergueltcheva V, Raycheva M, Kaneva R, Lochmüller H, Kalaydjieva L, Tournev I. ANO10 c.1150_1151del is a founder mutation causing autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia in Roma/Gypsies. J Neurol 2011; 259:906-11. [PMID: 22008874 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6276-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A recent report (Vermeer et al. in Am J Hum Genet 87:813-819, 2010) implicated for the first time the ANO10 gene in the genetic basis of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias. One of the three described families were Roma/Gypsies from Serbia, where the affected individuals were homozygous for the truncating p.Leu384fs mutation and displayed distinct phenotypic features (Vermeer et al. in Am J Hum Genet 87:813-819, 2010). Based on the history and population genetics of the Roma/Gypsies, we hypothesised that p.Leu384fs could be another founder mutation in this population, whose identification in a larger number of genetically homogeneous patients will contribute to defining the phenotypic spectrum of the disorder. Here, we describe additional patients from neighbouring Bulgaria, outlining invariable ANO10-ataxia features and confirming global intellectual decline as part of the phenotype resulting from complete Anactomin 10 deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Chamova
- Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia, Bulgaria
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20
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Azmanov DN, Dimitrova S, Florez L, Cherninkova S, Draganov D, Morar B, Saat R, Juan M, Arostegui JI, Ganguly S, Soodyall H, Chakrabarti S, Padh H, López-Nevot MA, Chernodrinska V, Anguelov B, Majumder P, Angelova L, Kaneva R, Mackey DA, Tournev I, Kalaydjieva L. LTBP2 and CYP1B1 mutations and associated ocular phenotypes in the Roma/Gypsy founder population. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:326-33. [PMID: 21081970 PMCID: PMC3062003 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2010.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder, which is an important cause of blindness in childhood. The first known gene, CYP1B1, accounts for a variable proportion of cases in most populations. A second gene, LTBP2, was recently reported in association with a syndrome, in which glaucoma is secondary to lens dislocation. We report on the molecular and clinical profile of 34 families diagnosed as PCG, all originating from the Roma/Gypsy founder population. Comprehensive sequencing analysis revealed a level of heterogeneity unusual for this population, with five CYP1B1 and one ancestral LTBP2 mutation accounting for ∼70% of patients (25 out of 37) and the remainder still unexplained. Homozygosity for the founder LTBP2 p.R299X mutation resulted in a more severe clinical phenotype and poorer outcome despite a markedly higher number of surgical interventions. The genetically homogeneous group of p.R299X homozygotes showed variable phenotypes (presumably also underlying pathogenetic mechanisms), wherein PCG proper with primary dysgenesis of the trabecular meshwork, and Marfan syndrome-like zonular disease with ectopia lentis and later onset secondary glaucoma are two extremes. The spectrum manifestations may occur in different combinations and have a different evolution even within the same sibship or a single patient. Preliminary observations on compounds with mutations in both CYP1B1-LTBP2 suggest that the observed combinations are of no clinical significance and digenic inheritance is unlikely. We provide a population genetics perspective to explain the allelic heterogeneity, comparing the history and geographic distribution of the two major founder mutations--p.R299X/LTBP2 and p.E387K/CYP1B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar N Azmanov
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research and Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Laura Florez
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research and Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Bharti Morar
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research and Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosmawati Saat
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research and Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manel Juan
- Servei d'Immunologia, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sriparna Ganguly
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Himla Soodyall
- National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Harish Padh
- BV Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development Centre, Thaltej, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Miguel A López-Nevot
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Botio Anguelov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Partha Majumder
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
| | - Lyudmila Angelova
- Department of Paediatrics and Medical Genetics, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Centre, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - David A Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ivailo Tournev
- Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luba Kalaydjieva
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Centre for Medical Research and Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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21
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Palmstrøm CJ, Schwarz SA, Marshall ED, Yablonovitch E, Harbison JP, Schwartz CL, Florez L, Gmitter TJ, Wang LC, Lau SS. A High Depth Resolution Backside Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Technique Used for Studying Metal/Gaas Contacts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-126-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTUnderstanding metal/semiconductor contacts is important for the fabrication of device structures. To date most studies have been aimed at understanding the metallurgical or the electrical properties. Directly measuring the impurity concentrations immediately beneath a contact rather than inferring it from electrical measurements has up until now been difficult. This paper describes a backside SIMS technique which not only demonstrates the ability of measuring doping concentrations close to a metal/semiconductor contact but also is capable of measuring the consumption of semiconductor material during a metal/semiconductor reaction. The sample preparation technique can be used to enable backside profiling using other profiling techniques such as Auger and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling, Rutherford backscattering, and backside electrical evaluation. The Ge/Pd/GaAs solid phase ohmic contact is used to demonstrate the technique.
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22
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Florez L, Rojas P, Moscatello D, Lacassie Y. 3 UNUSUAL PHENOTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH MICRODELETION 22Q11.2. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Abstract
The morphological and functional status of organs, tissues, and cells can be assessed by evaluating their electrical impedance. Fluid shear stress regulates the morphology and function of endothelial cells in vitro. In this study, an electrical biosensor was used to investigate the dynamics of flow-induced alterations in endothelial cell morphology in vitro. Quantitative, real-time changes in the electrical impedance of endothelial monolayers were evaluated using a modified electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) system. This ECIS/Flow system allows for a continuous evaluation of the cell monolayer impedance upon exposure to physiological fluid shear stress forces. Bovine aortic endothelial cells grown to confluence on thin film gold electrodes were exposed to fluid shear stress of 10 dynes/cm2 for a single uninterrupted 5 h time period or for two consecutive 30 min time periods separated by a 2 h no-flow interval. At the onset of flow, the monolayer electrical resistance sharply increased reaching 1.2 to 1.3 times the baseline in about 15 min followed by a sustained decrease in resistance to 1.1 and 0.85 times the baseline value after 30 min and 5 h of flow, respectively. The capacitance decreased at the onset of flow, started to recover after 15 min and after slightly overshooting the baseline values, decreased again with a prolonged exposure to flow. Measured changes in capacitance were in the order of 5% of the baseline values. The observed changes in endothelial impedance were reversible upon flow removal with a recovery rate that varied with the duration of the preceding flow exposure. These results demonstrate that the impedance of endothelial monolayers changes dynamically with flow indicating morphological and/or functional changes in the cell layer. This in vitro model system (ECIS/Flow) may be a very useful tool in the quantitative evaluation of flow-induced dynamic changes in cultured cells when used in conjunction with biological or biochemical assays able to determine the nature and mechanisms of the observed changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N DePaola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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24
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McLay R, Klingsberg R, Florez L, Bhattacharjee M, Garcia C, Sutton C, Crawford B. A web page to teach neurology and neuropathology to medical students. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2001; 27:142-4. [PMID: 11437995 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2990.2001.00320.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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DePaola N, Davies PF, Pritchard WF, Florez L, Harbeck N, Polacek DC. Spatial and temporal regulation of gap junction connexin43 in vascular endothelial cells exposed to controlled disturbed flows in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:3154-9. [PMID: 10077653 PMCID: PMC15911 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.6.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic regulation of the endothelial gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) was studied in a model of controlled disturbed flows in vitro. Cx43 mRNA, protein expression, and intercellular communication were mapped to spatial variations in fluid forces. Hemodynamic features of atherosclerotic lesion-prone regions of the vasculature (flow separation and recirculation) were created for periods of 5, 16, and 30 h, with laminar shear stresses ranging between 0 and 13.5 dynes/cm2. Within 5 h, endothelial Cx43 mRNA expression was increased in all cells when compared with no-flow controls, with highest levels (up to 6- to 8-fold) expressed in regions of flow recirculation corresponding to high shear stress gradients. At 16 h, Cx43 mRNA expression remained elevated in regions of flow disturbance, whereas in areas of fully developed, undisturbed laminar flow, Cx43 expression returned to control levels. In all flow regions, typical punctate Cx43 immunofluorescence at cell borders was disrupted by 5 h. After 30 h of flow, disruption of gap junctions persisted in cells subjected to flow separation and recirculation, whereas regions of undisturbed flow were substantially restored to normal. These expression differences were reflected in sustained inhibition of intercellular communication (dye transfer) throughout the zone of disturbed flow (84.2 and 68.4% inhibition at 5 and 30 h, respectively); in contrast, communication was fully reestablished by 30 h in cells exposed to undisturbed flow. Up-regulation of Cx43 transcripts, sustained disorganization of Cx43 protein, and impaired communication suggest that shear stress gradients in regions of disturbed flow regulate intercellular communication through the expression and function of Cx43.
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Affiliation(s)
- N DePaola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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26
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González Martínez J, Truan Alonso N, Turienzo E, Martínez D, Florez L. [Epidemiology of exocrine pancreatic cancer in the Principality of Asturias, 1973-1992]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 1995; 87:653-7. [PMID: 7577124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma continues increasing in frequency, its diagnosis is usually realized very late and the results of the surgery, that is the only possibility of cure, gives often a feeling of frustration. During the period between 1973 and 1992, 1032 patients were diagnosed of pancreatic carcinoma at the different hospital institutions of our region. The incidence has increased from 1.28 to 6.42 cases/100,000. The proportion male/female was 1.5/1. Mean age of the patients was 67.5 +/- 11.35 and the median age was 65 years. In relation with the sex, the women age was higher: 70.2 +/- 11.81 (p < 0.01). The best diagnostic test was the CAT scan with 87.5 sensitivity. The overall resectability rate was low (11%), but there is a large difference between the beginning and the end of the period (6.8% and 14.1% respectively). Staging of the disease was stage IV in 36.4% of the cases. The 66.5% of the patients underwent palliative surgery. Cholecystojejunostomy was the most frequent operation. It wasn't possible any surgical management at the 3.5% of the cases cause of the disease was very extended; laparotomy was the only method used in 18.7%. The average survival rate with exeresis surgery was 18 months; with palliative surgery, it was only of eight months. The natural history of pancreatic carcinoma was situated at 5.57 +/- 2.63.
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27
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Delfyett PJ, Florez L, Stoffel N, Gmitter T, Andreadakis N, Alphonse G, Ceislik W. 200-fs optical pulse generation and intracavity pulse evolution in a hybrid mode-locked semiconductor diode-laser/amplifier system. Opt Lett 1992; 17:670-672. [PMID: 19794593 DOI: 10.1364/ol.17.000670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical pulses of 200 fs with 165 W of peak power have been generated from an AlGaAs semiconductor diode-laser system. These pulses represent, to our knowledge, both the shortest and most intense ever generated from an all-semiconductor injection diode-laser system. The intracavity pulse evolution in the external cavity is also investigated experimentally. The findings show that the large nonlinearities associated with gain depletion and saturable absorption cause appreciable spectral and temporal modification of the mode-locked optical pulse as it oscillates in the laser cavity.
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Castro A, Florez L, Rozanski JJ, Mintz DH. Tumor associated hypoglycemia and elevated serum nonsuppressible insulin-like activity. J Fla Med Assoc 1978; 65:421-4. [PMID: 207814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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